Water heating per quart approx. What is thermal energy for hot water supply? How to make your own calculation

Muscovites began to receive new receipts for housing and communal services. After the tariff increase and the appearance of contributions for major repairs, payments increased by at least 1 thousand rubles. Gazeta.Ru tells you what you need to know to try to save money.

“Often, active citizens who check their bills manage to reduce the amounts billed for payment by even half. Inflated bills occur due to the fact that they include services that are not provided, and the volume of services provided is exceeded,” says Mikhail Anshakov, Chairman of the Society for the Protection of Consumer Rights.

How to detect deception

“The more detailed the invoice is, the easier it is to understand how reasonable the payments are.

If there are few lines, the purpose of payments is not disclosed in detail - this is the first reason for suspicion. Typically, the management company deliberately does not disclose the purpose of payments.

For example, if in one line it is written “for general house needs” without explaining what exactly this includes, the amount may be inflated and include services not provided,” warns Valery Novikov, head of the legal support department of the NP Housing and Communal Services Control.

It is worth paying attention to the total amount: if it differs from what it was a month earlier, it is better to carefully check the entire account.

“There are planned increases, we need to keep an eye on them. If there are no such increases, and the payment has become more expensive, you should carefully recalculate it,” says the expert.

Moreover, after the tariff increase (remember, they were raised on July 1), the bill should be checked especially carefully. Management companies and utility suppliers can inflate bills under the guise of a planned increase.

“It happens, for example, that the standards are raised, the same amount is prescribed twice - as a result, the payment is doubled,” says Sergei Vasiliev, chairman of the Moskontrol movement.

What do we pay for

The payment usually consists of a number of mysterious abbreviations, and each region may introduce its own abbreviations. There are several generally accepted ones:

HVS DPU- cold water supply (cold water) via household metering devices. If the KPU is indicated, it means that you pay for water using your apartment meter.

DHW DPU- hot water supply (hot water) via household metering devices.

Cold water for domestic hot water- cold water supply for hot water supply. That is, the cold water that goes for heating is given in another line the price for the heating itself. By adding them up, you get the final price of hot water.

Drainage- water disposal (sewage), used cold and hot water.

Heating basic pl.- heating of the main area.

Sod. and rem. zhp(or soda. and repair. residential) - maintenance and repair of living space. These are the services of an apartment building management company for the maintenance and current repairs common property V apartment building. That is, if you have this line, it is assumed that order is maintained in your entrance and everything is working. This line may include various services (in-house maintenance engineering equipment, cleaning, routine repairs, garbage removal, concierge services, etc.), if they are not listed in the payment slip, you can contact the Criminal Code for clarification.

In this case, the amount and services included in the receipt must be approved by the decision of the residents themselves at the meeting.

There are also services that citizens do not actually use: for example, paying for an antenna and radio point. They can be waived individually by contacting the Criminal Code with a request to exclude these items from the general account.

Counter or standard

Amounts for individual consumption ( public utilities, which are used in the apartment) and for general house needs (ODN; for example, expenses for heating and lighting of the entrance) in the payment order should be posted in different columns.

There are cases when the amount of payment for the use of utilities per person per person exceeded the amount of individual consumption in apartments.

This can happen when payments to ODN are calculated not according to meters, but according to standards (with an increasing factor due to the lack of a meter). To reduce costs, owners must vote at a meeting to install meters. They are installed by resource supply organizations.

Previously, Gazeta.Ru wrote that resource supply organizations often sabotage the installation of meters, since the standards bring them much more income.

If such a problem is discovered, you need to contact the Housing Inspectorate.

Pay attention to square meters and number of residents

You should check whether the area of ​​the apartment is indicated correctly on the payment slip. Heating and payments for major repairs are calculated on a per square meter basis. Regional authorities allocate subsidies that compensate for part of the payments, but they are valid only within the limits social norm(in Moscow this is 33 sq. m for one person, 42 sq. m for two), explains Valery Novikov. You will have to pay for housing surpluses.

Also, do not rush to register new residents. How more people, the more expensive it will be, for example, for water (if meters are not installed). If one of those registered in the apartment does not live in it for a long time, then a recalculation can be achieved. You just need to prove your absence - for example, bring a certificate from the management company from your real place of residence. The same applies to summer residence at the dacha and long business trips: if the appropriate documents are available, the management company is obliged to make a recalculation.

New line - major repairs

Calculating how much you should pay for a new service is simple. In Moscow, the monthly fee is 15 rubles. per sq. m. The new line appeared in the capital in July and has already caused a wave of discontent.

Earlier, Gazeta.Ru wrote that Muscovites want to conclude an agreement with the Overhaul Fund on their own terms and demand that a number of essential points be taken into account in the agreement. However, so far the practice is not in favor of residents.

You also need to remember that if more than 10% of a family’s income is spent on paying for housing and communal services in Moscow, you can receive government support in the form of subsidies.

In this case, you must contact your local department. housing subsidies by submitting a certificate of income and a certificate of ownership. At the same time, there should be no excess living space: the established standards are 33 square meters. m per person, 42 sq. m - for two.

What to do if the bill is too high

If it turns out that the bill is inflated, you must file a complaint with management company. If she does not answer, you can file a complaint with the Housing Inspectorate (you can also write there immediately, without waiting for a response from the Criminal Code). You can also contact your regional tariff commission.

“The housing inspectorate can be asked to conduct an inspection, on the basis of which a recalculation will be made. If it turns out that the payments were overestimated, then citizens will receive the difference, which will be charged towards future payments,” Novikov explained.

In general, so far the practice of resolving such disputes is in favor of consumers, experts say.

The main thing is to get your way; it’s easier for most to give up if it turns out that they have to pay a hundred rubles more, and such impunity only encourages abuse,” Anshakov warns.

In order to answer the question “What is thermal energy? It is necessary to understand the difference between hot water and cold water, what affects the temperature of the water? It differs in the amount of heat it contains. This warmth, or otherwise thermal energy, cannot be seen or touched, it can only be felt. Any water with a temperature above 0°C contains some amount of heat. The higher the temperature of the water (steam or condensate), the more heat it contains. Heat is measured in Calories, in Joules, in MW/h (Megawatt per hour), not in degrees °C. Since tariffs are approved in rubles per Gigacalorie, we will take Gcal as the unit of measurement. Thus, hot water consists of the water itself and the heat energy or heat contained in it (Gcal). The water seems to be saturated with gigacalories. The more Gcal there are in the water, the hotter it is. In heating systems, the coolant (hot water) enters the heating system at one temperature and leaves at another. That is, he came with one amount of warmth and left with another. The coolant transfers some of the heat to environment through heating radiators. For this part that has not returned to the system, and which is measured in Gcal, someone needs to pay. With hot water supply, we consume all the water and, accordingly, all 100% of the Gcal in it, we do not return anything back to the system.

What is coolant?

All the hot water that runs through the pipes into the heating system or into the hot water supply system, as well as steam and condensate (the same hot water), is the coolant. The word coolant consists of two words - heat and carries. When making calculations, heat supply companies break down the coolant into Gcal and network water. The tariff for network water takes into account only the water itself, and does not take into account the Gcal in it. Tariff for hot water takes into account both water and Gcal in it. The requirements for the coolant, depending on the purpose (for heating or for hot water supply), different requirements by temperature and sanitary standards. The coolant for hot water supply has a minimum permissible temperature which should be provided heat supply organization, and increased requirements to quality. For hot water supply purposes, it is taken drinking water, heats up and is released into the network. The coolant temperature for heating purposes depends on the outside air temperature (i.e. the weather). The colder it is outside, the more heating occurs. Conclusions: 1. When paying for heat, you will need to pay for both Gcal and network water. When paying for hot water, also if a separate tariff for hot water is not established. 2. Coolant - carries heat, hot water, also known as network water + Gcal in it. 3. Network water - water without Gcal. 4. In life, coolant and network water can mean the same thing. For those who want to understand this issue in more detail, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the Rules for metering thermal energy and coolant.

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Is it legal to pay for water heating using a receipt in 2018?

Many people, when paying for utility services, are surprised to see the phrase “water heating” on the receipt. In fact, this innovation was adopted back in 2013. According to Government Decree No. 406, if available centralized system water supply must be paid according to a two-part tariff.

Thus, the tariff was divided into two components: use cold water and thermal energy. Now the calculation is made separately for two resources: water for hot water supply and thermal energy. That is why a column appeared on receipts indicating the amount of thermal energy spent on heating cold water. However, many believe that heating fees are charged illegally and write complaints to housing and communal services. To ensure the legality of this type of charge, you should learn more about this service.

The reason for this innovation was additional use energy. Risers and heated towel rails connected to the hot water supply system consume thermal energy, but this consumption was not previously taken into account in calculations of utility bills. Since heating fees can only be charged in heating season, heating the air through the use of a heated towel rail was not paid for as a utility service. The government found a way out of this situation by dividing the tariff into two components.

Equipment

If your water heater fails, your hot water bill will not increase. In this case, authorized employees of the management organization are required to repair the equipment urgently. But since repairs require payment, residents must still pay this amount. Although the heating bill will remain the same, the cost of repairs and maintenance of the property will increase. This is explained by the fact that water heating devices are part of the property of homeowners.

Concerning non-standard situations when, for example, some of the apartments in multi-storey building has access to hot water, and the second - only to cold water; issues regarding payment for heating are resolved individually. As practice shows, residents are often required to pay for common property that they do not use.

Read also: Can the lights be turned off for non-payment of utilities?

Thermal energy component

If everything is quite simple when calculating payment for cold water (it is carried out on the basis of an established tariff), then not everyone understands what is included in the cost of such a service as heating.

The amount to pay for a service such as water heating is calculated taking into account the following components:

• established tariff for thermal energy;
• expenses required to maintain a centralized hot water supply system (from central heating points where water is heated);
• cost of thermal energy loss in pipelines;
• costs necessary to transport hot water.

Payment for utility services for hot water supply is calculated taking into account the volume of water used, which is measured in m3.

As a rule, the amount of required thermal energy is determined on the basis of general house values, which are shown by hot water meters and consumed thermal energy. The amount of energy used in each room is calculated by multiplying the volume of water used (determined by the meter) by specific consumption thermal energy. The energy volume is multiplied by the tariff. The resulting value is the amount required to pay for what is written on the receipt as “water heating”.

How to calculate it yourself in 2017-2018

Water heating is one of the most expensive utilities. This is explained by the fact that when heating it is necessary to use special equipment, powered by electricity. To make sure that the receipt shows the correct amount to be paid, you can do the calculations yourself and compare the resulting value with the amount indicated on the receipt. To do this, you need to find out the amount of payment for thermal energy established by the regional tariff commission. Further calculations depend on the presence or absence of metering devices:

1. If you have a meter installed in your apartment, then you can calculate the consumption of thermal energy based on its indicator.
2. If there is no meter, calculations should be made based on established standard indicators (set by an energy-saving organization).

If available in a residential building general counter consumption of thermal energy and installed individual meters in apartments, the amount charged for heating is calculated based on the readings common device accounting and further proportional distribution for each apartment. If such a device is not available, the amount required to pay for heating is calculated based on the standard energy consumption for heating 1 m3 of water in the reporting month and the readings individual counter water.

Where to write a complaint

If the legality of the additional line “water heating” in receipts is in question, in order not to overpay for heating, it is recommended to first contact the Criminal Code with a request to explain what this item means. Appearances new line in the receipt is legal only on the basis of the decision of the owner of the apartment building premises. In the absence of such a decision, you should write a complaint to the State Housing Inspectorate. After filing a complaint with the Criminal Code, you must be provided with an answer with explanations within thirty days. If you refuse to justify why such a service is indicated in the receipt, you should file a complaint with the prosecutor's office with a claim in court. IN in this case, if you have already paid the amount indicated in the receipt, the basis for the claim will be Article 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. If a refund is not required, but you must pay for services that are not provided to you, file a claim to exclude the “water heating” line. In this case, it is worth referring to Article 16 of the Law “On Protection of Consumer Rights”.

Read also: Is it necessary to check water meters in Moscow?

If there is a need to appeal the actions of housing and communal services on issues related to violation of the rights of consumers of utility services, you should contact Rospotrebnadzor. If you have any questions about the tariffs established for housing and communal services, please contact Federal service according to tariffs.

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Gcal, coolant, hot and network water

Let the management company “Our House” explain what we pay for and how the concepts listed above differ from each other. It is difficult for us, ordinary residents, to maneuver in technical terms.

Question from the site nashdomkch.ru

Sergey Kirilyuk, head of the energy department of the UZHK “Our Home”, answers:

Invoices for heat and hot water presented by heat supply companies may indicate the following tariffs: - per Gcal, (RUB/Gcal); - for network water (rub/t) or for coolant (rub/m3);

For hot water or domestic hot water (RUB/m3)

Not all consumers understand why their bills include large sum for heat energy (RUB/Gcal), for hot water (RUB/m3), and then a relatively small amount for network water (RUB/t). What is this additional fee? I won't give dictionary definition thermal energy, I will try to explain it “on my fingers”.

Think about how hot water differs from cold water, what affects the temperature of the water? It differs in the amount of heat it contains. This heat (or, in other words, thermal energy) cannot be seen or touched, it can only be felt. Any water with a temperature above 0°C contains some amount of heat. The higher the temperature of the water (steam or condensate), the more heat it contains.

Heat is measured in calories, in joules, in MW/h (megawatt per hour), not in degrees °C. Since tariffs are approved in rubles per gigacalorie, we will take Gcal as the unit of measurement. Thus, hot water consists of the water itself and the heat energy or heat contained in it (Gcal). The water seems to be saturated with gigacalories. The more Gcal there are in the water, the hotter it is.

In heating systems, the coolant (hot water) comes in at one temperature and leaves at another. The water releases some of its heat into the environment through heating radiators. For this part, which has not returned to the system, and which is measured in Gcal, someone needs to pay.

With hot water supply, we consume all the water and, accordingly, all 100% of the Gcal in it; we do not return anything back to the system.

What is coolant? All the hot water that runs through the pipes into the heating system or into the hot water supply system, as well as steam and condensate (the same hot water). The word coolant consists of two words - heat and carries. When making calculations, heat supply companies break down the coolant into Gcal and network water, which confuses some consumers.

If previously UZHK “Our House” charged for hot water according to DHW tariffs in rubles/m3, now we break down the coolant for DHW needs. In our invoices for hot water there is no tariff of rubles/m3. We bill for DHW in the same way as for heat, separately for network water and separately for Gcal.

The tariff for network water takes into account only the water itself, and does not take into account the Gcal in it. The hot water tariff takes into account both water and Gcal in it.

Depending on the purpose (for heating or for hot water supply), the coolant is subject to different temperature and sanitary standards. For hot water supply, there is a minimum permissible temperature that must be provided by the heat supply organization, as well as increased quality requirements.

In Kachkanar there is a 2-pipe open heat supply system, from which it is powered DHW system in each separate house - this was determined by the project during the construction of the city. IN summer period there is no circulation of the heating system, hot water is supplied through one of the pipes of the heating system (starting from the thermal power plant and to each consumer).

The temperature of the heating fluid depends on the outside air temperature (weather). The colder it is outside, the more we warm it up.

Conclusions: - when paying for heat, you will need to pay for Gcal. When paying for hot water - both for Gcal and for network water (coolant); - coolant - carries heat, hot water, also known as network water + Gcal in it; - network water - water without Gcal;

In life, coolant and network water can mean the same thing.

Tags: housing and communal services

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Payment for heat energy as part of hot water supply

By Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02.14.2015 No. 129, in order to regulate the procedure for applying two-component tariffs for hot water, amendments were made to the RF PP dated 05.06.2011 No. 354 and RF PP dated 05.23.2006 No. 306. According to the amendments made when establishing two-component tariffs for hot water supply (hereinafter referred to as DHW) “the amount of payment for the hot water supply utility service is calculated based on the sum of the cost of the component for cold water intended for heating in order to provide the hot water supply utility service, and the cost of the component for thermal energy used to heat cold water for the purpose of provision of public services for hot water supply" (paragraph 6 of clause 38 of Rules 354), while the authorized body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation "establishes a standard for the consumption of thermal energy used to heat cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply" (clause 32(1) of Rules 306 ). And if the procedure for calculating the cost of hot water supply between the consumer and the utility service provider (hereinafter referred to as the ICU) was resolved (although to this day there are a huge number of cases of its violation), then when calculating between the ICU and the resource supply organization (hereinafter referred to as the RSO), problems arose and continue to arise disputes, especially in cases of equipping houses with common house metering devices, which determine both the volume of hot water consumption and the amount of heat energy in the composition of consumed hot water.

Heat in DHW: volume of consumption and cost to pay

If we consider the consumption of hot water in apartment buildings, it is easy to establish cases in which, with the same volume of hot water consumption, the heat consumption in the composition of this water will be different. Such cases include the consumption of “cooled” hot water in the house by those residents who wake up earlier in the morning or go to bed later in the evening in the absence of circulation in the house. Obviously, the water will be hotter during long-term one-time consumption compared to many short-term inclusions, even if the total volume of short-term inclusions is equal to the volume of long-term one-time consumption. During the inter-heating period, there is a significant difference in the temperature of hot water in houses of the same type (for which the same consumption standards are established) depending on the length of the hot water supply network from these houses to the RSO (distance of the apartment building from the boiler room) - residents of houses connected to the “end” segments of heating networks usually use less hot water than houses connected to “transit” pipelines of the same networks.

Probably, in order to create some kind of averaged unified calculation system, the Government of the Russian Federation decided to approve standards for heat energy consumption for DHW heating and gave the right to establish such standards to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation authorized to approve standards for the consumption of utility services. This eliminated the possibility of determining different prices for hot water (in rubles per cubic meter), for example, for residents various apartments one and the same apartment building. It should be noted that the different cost of hot water (in rubles per cubic meter) for residents of the same house in different months is also excluded - after all, the calculation of the cost of a cubic meter of hot water consumed by a consumer must be based on the cost of the component for cold water, the tariff for which approved by the subject of the Russian Federation, and the cost of the component for thermal energy, the tariff for which and the volume for each unit of water (heat standard for heating hot water supply) are also approved by the subject of the Russian Federation. Thus, the cost of one cubic meter of hot water does not depend in any way on the actual heat consumption for heating this water (measured or calculated in any way), but is calculated based only on those parameters that are approved by the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

If we talk about the amount of heat energy consumed for the purpose of hot water supply by the entire apartment building (hereinafter - MKD), then, of course, this amount can be determined by such a common house metering device (hereinafter - OPU), which measures not only the consumption of hot water for the needs of hot water supply, but and the heat content of this water. The position of the overwhelming majority of RSO, which is that the heat supplied to the MKD is subject to payment in full, is reasonable and logical. No less logical is to determine the amount of heat energy in the DHW consumed by the entire apartment building, according to the control unit, which allows such an amount to be measured. At the same time, in the opinion of these RSOs, there is no need to apply the standard for the consumption of thermal energy used to heat cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply, approved by the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. If there is no function for measuring the amount of heat in a common house DHW meter (and even more so if there is no control unit at all), the same RSOs consider the use of heat standards for heating DHW already necessary.

The position, of course, is not without logic, however, the current legislation of the Russian Federation does not give the right to choose whether to use the heat standard for heating hot water in the calculations or not to use it. The rules on the use in calculations of the standard consumption of thermal energy used to heat cold water to provide public services for hot water supply are imperative and subject to unconditional execution. At the same time, the legislation of the Russian Federation simply does not contain any norms on the possibility of using in calculations the readings of the pilot plant, which determine the amount of heat energy in the composition of the hot water supply. Thus, the use of such OPU readings in calculations, although logical, is not based on the law, and therefore is unlawful. At the same time, the use of heat standards for DHW heating in calculations is not a right provided for in individual cases (for example, the absence of a control unit, or the absence of a control unit function for measuring the heat content in DHW), but an obligation for any cases without exception.

From the above it follows that when calculating the cost of hot water supply (both between the consumer and the provider of the hot water supply service, and between the ICU and the distribution center), it is not the actual amount of heat energy consumed for heating water for the provision of utility services for hot water supply, but the standard heat consumption for heating hot water supply .

What did the court find?

These circumstances were studied by the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region, and then - on appeal - by the 10th Arbitration Court Court of Appeal, when considering the case on the claim of Orekhovo-Zuevskaya Heating Network LLC against the Avtoproezd HOA (case No. A41-18008/16) for the collection of debt for payment of thermal energy. As third parties, the Main Directorate of the Moscow Region “State Housing Inspectorate of the Moscow Region”, the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Moscow Region were involved in the case.

In the Decision dated December 12, 2016 in case No. A41-18008/16, the Moscow Regional Court stated:

“Having directly, fully and objectively examined the evidence presented by the parties in support of the stated claims and objections, the court came to the following conclusion.

As established by the court, on September 26, 2012, Heat Supply Agreement No. 240 was concluded between the plaintiff and the defendant, according to which the plaintiff is the energy supply organization, the defendant is the subscriber.

In accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 539 of the Civil Code Russian Federation(hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code of the Russian Federation) under an energy supply agreement, the energy supply organization undertakes to supply energy to the subscriber (consumer) through the connected network, and the subscriber undertakes to pay for the received energy...

Based on Article 544 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, payment for energy is made for the amount of energy actually received by the subscriber in accordance with energy metering data, unless otherwise provided by law, other legal acts or by agreement of the parties. The procedure for payments for energy is determined by law, other legal acts or agreement of the parties.

In accordance with the provisions of Article 157 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Housing Code of the Russian Federation), the amount of payment for utilities is calculated based on the volume of consumed utilities, determined by the readings of metering devices, and in their absence, based on the standards for the consumption of utilities approved by the authorities state power subjects of the Russian Federation in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation, at tariffs established by state authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the manner established by federal law.

Part 5 of Article 9 Federal Law dated July 27, 2010 No. 190-FZ “On Heat Supply” established that tariffs for hot water in open heat supply systems (hot water supply) are established in the form of two-component tariffs using a coolant component and a thermal energy component.

According to Part 9 of Article 32 of the Federal Law of December 7, 2011. No. 416-FZ “On Water Supply and Sanitation”, tariffs in the field of hot water supply can be set in the form of two-component tariffs using a component for cold water and a component for thermal energy in the manner determined by the pricing principles in the field of water supply and sanitation approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Clause 88 of the Fundamentals of pricing in the field of water supply and sanitation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2013 No. 406, provides that tariff regulatory authorities establish a two-component tariff for hot water in a closed hot water supply system, consisting of a component for cold water and a component for thermal energy.

Thus, the organs executive power subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of price (tariff) regulation make decisions on establishing two-component tariffs for hot water in accordance with the norms of current legislation.

In order to regulate the procedure for applying two-component tariffs for hot water, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 14, 2015 No. 129 (came into force on February 28, 2015) amended the Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, approved by decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011. No. 354 (hereinafter referred to as Rules No. 354), and the Rules for establishing and determining standards for the consumption of utility services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 23, 2006 No. 306 (hereinafter referred to as Rules No. 306).

Clause 38 of Rules No. 354 provides that in the case of establishing two-component tariffs for hot water, the amount of payment for the hot water supply utility service is calculated based on the sum of the cost of the component for cold water intended for heating in order to provide the hot water supply utility service, and the cost of the component for thermal energy used to heat cold water for the purpose of providing public hot water supply services.

In accordance with paragraph 42 of Rules No. 354, in the case of establishing two-component tariffs for hot water, the amount of payment for the hot water supply utility service provided to the consumer for billing period in a residential premises equipped with an individual or common (apartment) metering device, is determined in accordance with formula 23 of Appendix No. 2 to Rules No. 354 based on the readings of hot water metering devices and the standard consumption of thermal energy used to heat water, and in the absence of such a device accounting - based on the standard for hot water consumption and the standard for the consumption of thermal energy used to heat water.

At the same time, Rules No. 354 do not provide for the use of thermal energy as a utility service, which corresponds to the provisions of Part 4 of Article 154 of the RF Housing Code.

Taking into account the above, Rules No. 354 provide for the distribution of thermal energy used to heat cold water for the purpose of providing public services for hot water supply, within the framework of the standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for the purpose of providing public services for hot water supply.

In this regard, the corresponding amendments made to Rule No. 306 provide that the standard for the consumption of public services for hot water supply is determined by establishing the standard for the consumption of hot water in residential premises and the standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for the purposes of hot water supply.

Thus, according to paragraph 7 of Rules No. 306, when choosing a unit of measurement for consumption standards in relation to hot water supply (hot water), the following indicators:

in residential premises - cu. meter of cold water per person and Gcal for heating 1 cubic meter. meter of cold water or cubic. meter of hot water per person;

for general house needs - cubic meters. meter of cold water and Gcal for heating 1 cubic meter. meter of cold water per 1 sq. meter total area premises included in the common property in an apartment building, or cube. meter of hot water per 1 sq. meter of total area of ​​premises included in the common property in an apartment building.

This principle ensures fair distribution of thermal energy for heating a cubic meter of water among all consumers, depending on the volume of hot water consumption. In this regard, the procedure for determining the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply, established by the Rules No. 354, fully complies with the requirements of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and was established taking into account the exclusion of the occurrence of unfair financial burden on citizens.

Thus, regardless of the presence of a collective (common house) heat energy meter in the hot water supply system of an apartment building, regardless of the heat supply (hot water supply) system (open or closed), and also regardless of the season (heating or non-heating), the amount of heat The energy used to heat water is determined according to the standards established in accordance with the legislation for the consumption of thermal energy to heat water for the purposes of hot water supply.

Accordingly, if there are standards for the consumption of thermal energy for heating hot water, the readings of metering devices that measure the thermal energy used for hot water supply are not taken into account either in settlements with consumers or in settlements with resource supply organizations.

In the case under consideration, Rules No. 354 do not provide for any other procedure for determining the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply.

Civil rights and the obligations of a management organization or a homeowners’ association or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative (hereinafter referred to as the partnership, cooperative) to make payments for the resources necessary for the provision of utility services arise from resource supply agreements concluded in the manner provided for by the Rules, mandatory when a management organization or a homeowners' association or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative enters into contracts with resource supply organizations approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 14, 2012 No. 124 (hereinafter referred to as Decree No. 124, Rules No. 124).

According to subparagraphs “d”, “e” of paragraph 17 of Rules No. 124, the procedure for determining the volumes of supplied communal resources, the procedure for paying for communal resources are essential conditions resource supply agreements.

At the same time, in conjunction with the requirements of Rules No. 124, when concluding a resource supply agreement, the Requirements for making payments for resources necessary for the provision of utility services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 28, 2012 No. 253 (hereinafter referred to as the Requirements), are also subject to application.

Clause 4 of the Requirements establishes that funds received by the contractor from consumers to pay for utility services are subject to transfer in favor of resource supply organizations.

In this case, paragraph 5 of the Requirements stipulates that the amount of payment by the utility service provider due for transfer in favor of the resource supplying organization supplying a specific type of resource is determined depending on the consumer’s payment for the corresponding utility service in full size specified in the payment document, or in case of partial payment, which fully corresponds with the above norms of Rules No. 124.

Based on the above, the amount of payment by the utility service provider in favor of the resource supply organization is subject to determination taking into account the quantity Money received from consumers of utility services, as well as taking into account the volume of utility resources in the case of supply of a utility resource by the resource supplying organization poor quality or with interruptions exceeding the prescribed duration.

In addition, management organizations (partnerships, cooperatives), being providers of utility services in an apartment building, purchase utility resources from resource supply organizations not for resale, but to provide the corresponding utility service to consumers and pay for the amount of utility resource consumed in such an apartment building from payments received from consumers for utility services.

In accordance with the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated June 8, 2012 No. AKPI12-604, according to which, within the framework of Resolution No. 124, a management organization, partnership or cooperative is not an economic entity with independent economic interests different from the interests of residents as direct consumers of utilities services. These organizations carry out activities to provide utility services on the basis of a management agreement for an apartment building and pay for the volume of utility resources supplied under the resource supply agreement only from received consumer payments. In this situation, the amount of payment for a utility resource under a resource supply agreement must be equal to the amount of payment for a utility service paid by all consumers of utility services in accordance with the Rules for their provision.

Taking into account the above, regardless of the agreement, the parties are obliged to follow the mandatory rules that govern the procedure for payment for utility services provided.

According to paragraphs 10, 11 of part 1 of article 4 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, relations regarding the provision of utility services, payment for residential premises and utilities are regulated by housing legislation.

In accordance with the provisions of Article 8 of the RF Housing Code, relevant legislation is applied to housing relations, including the use of engineering equipment, the provision of utilities, and payment for utility services, taking into account the requirements established by the RF Housing Code.

Taking into account the above, when concluding a resource supply agreement with persons managing an apartment building and establishing conditions therein, including those regulating the procedure for terminating the supply of the corresponding type of communal resource to an apartment building, it is necessary first of all to be guided by the norms of housing legislation, in particular Rules No. 124 subject to the provisions of Regulation No. 354.

Clause 5 of the Requirements establishes that the amount of the contractor's payment due for transfer in favor of the resource supplying organization supplying a specific type of resource is determined in the amount of the fee for a specific utility service indicated in the payment document, accrued to the consumer for a given billing period in accordance with Rules No. 354 (if payment by the consumer in full), and if the consumer does not pay in full - in an amount proportional to the amount of payment for a specific utility service in the total amount of payments indicated in the payment document for work and services performed (provided) for a given billing period.

Based on this, the homeowners association is obliged to cover obligations to resource-supplying organizations for the volume of communal resources using funds received from consumers to pay for consumed utilities for hot water supply, that is, calculated based on the standard consumption of thermal energy used to heat water in order to provide public services for hot water supply.

Based on the above, the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region believes that the stated claims cannot be satisfied.

Guided by the articles of Art. 110, 112, 162, 167–170, 176 Arbitration Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region

Refuse to satisfy the claims."

The Tenth Arbitration Court of Appeal, having considered appeal on the decision of the Court of Justice of the Moscow Region, adopted Resolution No. 10AP-805/2017 dated April 17, 2017 in case No. A41-18008/16, which repeated the arguments of the trial court, additionally indicating:

“The arguments of the appeal repeat the arguments of the claim and were rightly rejected by the court of first instance.

Taking into account the totality of the circumstances presented, the appellate court does not find any grounds provided for by law to re-evaluate the findings of the trial court and satisfy the demands of the appeal.

Guided by Articles 266, 268, paragraph 1 of Article 269, Article 271 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the court

DECIDED:

The decision of the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region dated December 12, 2016 in case No. A41-18008/16 is left unchanged and the appeal is not satisfied.”

conclusions

The Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region and the 10th Arbitration Court of Appeal, which supported its opinion, when considering case No. A41-18008/16, established that regardless of the presence of a collective (common house) heat energy meter in the hot water supply system of an apartment building, regardless of the type of heat supply system/ hot water supply (open or closed), regardless of the period of the year (heating or inter-heating), “the amount of thermal energy used to heat water is determined according to the standards established in the manner prescribed by law for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for the purposes of hot water supply..., “If there are standards for the consumption of thermal energy for heating hot water, the readings of metering devices that measure the thermal energy used for hot water supply are not taken into account either in settlements with consumers or in settlements with resource supply organizations.”

Hot water supply (DHW) is a round-the-clock provision of hot water of appropriate quality to the consumer, supplied to required volumes via the connected network to the residential premises.

Requirements (standards) for the quality of hot water are determined by Russian Government Decree No. 354:

• The temperature of hot water at the point of analysis must be at least 60 degrees. (for open district heating systems, not less than 50 degrees for closed systems, no more than 75 degrees)
• The total hot water shutdown time is 8 hours (total) for 1 month
• The total shutdown time for hot water supply is 4 hours at a time; in case of an accident on a dead-end main, it is 24 hours.
• The maximum period for carrying out preventive work in summer season– 14 days
• The composition of water must necessarily comply with sanitary standards SanPiN 2.1.4.2496-09
• The permissible deviation in the temperature of hot water at the point of water collection at night (from 0.00 to 5.00 hours) is no more than 5 °C
• Permissible deviation of hot water temperature at the point of water intake in daytime(from 5.00 to 00.00 hours) - no more than 3 °C
• Pressure in the hot water supply system at the point of analysis - from 0.03 MPa (0.3 kgf/sq. cm) to 0.45 MPa (4.5 kgf/sq. cm)

For every 3 °C deviation from the permissible deviations in hot water temperature, the amount of payment for utility services for the billing period in which the specified deviation occurred is reduced by 0.1 percent of the payment amount. For each hour of hot water supply, the temperature of which at the point of collection is below 40 °C, in total during the billing period, payment for consumed water is made at the rate for cold water.

If the pressure differs from the established one by no more than 25 percent, the amount of payment for utility services for the specified billing period is reduced by 0.1 percent of the payment amount.
If the pressure differs from the established one by more than 25 percent, the amount of payment for a utility service is reduced by the amount of the fee calculated in total for each day the utility service is provided of inadequate quality.

Types of DHW systems:

• Central. Water is heated at thermal substations (CHS) and from them, using pipelines, it is supplied to consumers.
• Autonomous. To achieve the necessary temperature regime install special heating devices - boilers, storage boilers or geysers. This type of DHW organization is intended for small area premises - apartments or houses.

Designations (decoding) in housing and communal services receipts:

• DHW KPU— hot water is metered using an apartment meter
• DHW DPU— hot water is metered using a common household meter
• ODPU DHW- general household hot water meter

Calculation of the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply is carried out according to:

• General house metering devices and depends on the number of residents registered in the apartment
• Apartment metering devices (hot water meters)

15.12.2014

The Moscow Housing and Public Utilities Department has published a brochure “How to understand the ENP.”

Every month Muscovites take out mailbox Single payment document (UPD) – a receipt for payment for housing and communal services. The document contains all the information about housing and communal services: tariffs, consumption volumes, charges, etc. It can be difficult to understand, and Muscovites often ask questions about what this or that column means.

What information does the EPD contain?:

1 . Full name – last name, first name, patronymic of the owner/responsible tenant.
2 . The address of the residential premises at which payments for housing and communal services were made.
3 . Barcode. Graphic image 28 digital characters. Required for paying for EPD via electronic terminals.
4 . The month for which the EPD was formed.
5 . Payer's personal code. It is this that must be indicated when paying for housing and communal services at terminals, ATMs and via the Internet.
6 . Information about the management organization: name, address, contact details.
7 . Information about the residential premises: type of property (own or state (municipal), total and residential area, number of registered (indicated separately) preferential categories population), the date of creation of this EAP and the date of the last payment for housing and communal services.
8 . Types of services for which accruals are made.
Abbreviations used:
Cold water/hot water supply– cold/hot water supply
Drainage– Water disposal (sewerage)
CPU– apartment metering device
DPU- communal metering device
Cod. and repair.– maintenance and repair of residential premises within the social norm
Sod.and repair l.p.iz.pl.- maintenance and repair of residential premises (excess space)
Sod.and repair.re.lived.- maintenance and repair of residential premises (for those who have a second home or owners who are not registered in the apartment)
Heating main pl.- heating of the main area
Fear.– voluntary insurance
9 . Volumes of consumption of housing and communal services. Each service uses its own units of measurement: water supply and sewerage cubic meters ( cubic meter), maintenance and repair, social rent of housing - sq. m. (square meters), heating - Gcal (gigacalories), gas is charged based on the number of registered.
10 . Current tariffs per unit of service.
11 . The amount of charges for services (the product of column 9 by column 10).
12 . Information on the amount of benefits for certain types of housing and communal services.
13 . Information about recalculation. For example, recalculation for temporary absence and recalculation for services of inadequate quality.
14 . Accruals payable for the service, taking into account benefits and recalculation.

That is why the Moscow Housing and Public Utilities Department issued a brochure “How to understand the Unified Payment Document,” where accessible language tells about what information is contained in the payment document, about the procedure and method of calculation for each utility service, as well as much more useful information, necessary to “read” the payment document.

The brochure will help you understand how to correctly apply limit indices and who is entitled to measures social support on housing and communal services and what threatens malicious defaulters for debts on housing and communal services.

What is EPD

The unified payment document is a kind of “calling card” of the city system of payments and charges for housing and communal services.

A single payment document is generated every month by specialists Multifunctional centers providing public services of the city of Moscow (MFC) or state government institutions "Engineering Services" districts (GKU IS) and is delivered to residents before the 15th. On average, employees of the city settlement and accrual system generate about 4 million (!) payment documents per month.

When creating a payment document, a huge database is used: addresses and surnames of owners and tenants of residential and non-residential premises, a list of services and their suppliers, information about social support measures, etc. This entire array of information is being processed computer program ASU EIRTS. Several thousand specialists take part in the creation of the ENP. And all to ensure that the payment document ends up in your mailbox.

Control of EPD delivery together with residents

The city has a well-established system for monitoring the timing of delivery of payment documents. If the payment document is delivered later than the 15th day of the month, please report this to the EPD delivery quality control service.

To leave a message about late delivery of a payment document, you must fill out a form on the website of the State Public Institution “Coordination Center for GU IS” www.is.mos.ru.

ATTENTION

Some residents and management organizations have decided to make payments and charges for housing and communal services on their own. Their payment documents for housing and communal services may differ from the Unified Payment Document. The information contained in the brochure and further in the article relates exclusively to the ENP.

What do we pay for?

The services specified in the payment document can be divided into several parts. Housing services, these include the “Rent” service (payment for residential premises for the tenant), and the “Housing Maintenance and Repair” service. Utilities: hot and cold water supply, water disposal (sewage), heating, gas supply. In some areas of the capital, electricity is also included in the ENP. But in most cases, this utility service is paid for on a separate receipt. The payment document also includes other services: locking device, radio, antenna.

Rates, prices and tariffs for housing and utility services are established by the Moscow Government. Thus, tariffs for housing and communal services for 2014 were approved by Decree of the Moscow Government dated November 26, 2013 No. 748-PP.

The cost of services classified as “other” is determined by a civil contract and is not regulated by the Moscow Government. Let's look at all the services in order.

Housing services

If a family uses housing on a rental basis, it pays for rent, as well as for the maintenance and repair of the living space. The rental fee is calculated based on the area of ​​living space and the rate established by the Moscow Government for specific type rental - social, commercial or rental of residential premises in non-subsidized houses.

Homeowners pay for the “Maintenance and Repair of Residential Premises” service.

The cost of the “Maintenance and Repair of Residential Premises” service includes fees for the management of an apartment building (MAD), maintenance and ongoing repairs of common property, and work stipulated by the MKD management agreement.

The amount of payment for the maintenance and repair of residential premises in an apartment building is determined by general meeting owners of premises in the house. If the owners have not decided on the amount of payment for the maintenance and repair of residential premises, the calculation is made at prices approved by the Moscow Government.

The Moscow government approves two types of prices for the maintenance and repair of residential premises:
- per area within the established standards(shown below), given price is still subsidized by the Moscow Government for most Muscovites it is 17.84 rubles. for 1 sq. m.,
- for an area exceeding the established standards. This is the actual cost of services and work for maintenance and current repairs; now for most Muscovites it amounts to 24, 53 rub. for 1 sq.m.

The price per area within the established norms applies to registered residents who have the only housing. In the ENP this service is designated “sod. repair zh.p.”

The difference between the total area of ​​the residential premises and the area within the established area norm (in the EPD it is designated “construction and repair of iz. zh.p.”) is paid at the price for the area established in excess of the norm. For owners who are not registered in the residential premises or who have a second home, accrual is made at the rates for the area established in excess of the norms for the entire residential premises (in the EPD it is designated “construction and renovation of second residential premises”).

To charge fees for the maintenance and repair of residential premises, the following rules apply. For a citizen living alone – 40 sq. m. of total living space, for a family of two people, 56 sq. m. m., for a family of three or more people, 25 sq.m. total living space for each family member.

For example, in an apartment with an area of ​​60.3 sq. m. 2 people are registered. The established norm for a family of two is 56 square meters. m. This means that the area within the established norms will be calculated at a price within the established norm, and the excess area will be 4.3 sq. m. m – at a price per area above the norm.

Utilities: water supply

Payments for water supply can be calculated according to the readings of apartment metering devices, according to the readings of a house metering device or according to standards.

If you pay for water supply services using an apartment meter (KPU), then the following abbreviations are used in the EPD: “HVS KPU”, “GVS KPU”, “Water drain. KPU" - cold and hot water supply according to the readings of the apartment water meter, water disposal (sewage) according to the readings of the KPU (the sum of the readings of cold and hot water supply).

The cost of water is calculated based on the volume according to the readings of the apartment metering device (KPU), multiplied by the tariff.

The payment document indicates the water consumption in the billing month according to the readings of the apartment meter. But if the KPU readings were not transmitted on time, they will be calculated based on the average monthly consumption volume for the previous 6 months.

If you pay using a home metering device (DPU), the payment document indicates the abbreviations: “HVS DPU”, “DHW DPU” and “Water drain. DPU" - cold and hot water supply, water disposal according to the readings of the house water meter.

Calculation of charges for cold and hot water for apartments where no control units are installed is carried out in accordance with the resolution of the Moscow Government dated February 10, 2004 No. 77-PP.

From the volume of water consumption according to the readings of the house meter, the volume of consumption for all apartment appliances, the volume of consumption for non-residential premises (if the house has, for example, shops, a hairdresser, etc.) are subtracted, and also general household expenses are deducted, which are determined according to the readings metering device installed at the place where water is collected for general household needs. If there is no such device, then common household expenses are accepted to be no more than 5 percent of the volume of consumption for a common household device. The resulting balance is distributed among apartments without communal housing in proportion to the number of citizens living in them. At the same time, the resulting volume of consumption per person should not exceed two standards for the consumption of utilities.

If there are neither apartment nor house meters, charges are made according to consumption standards: 6.935 cubic meters. m of cold water per person per month, 4.745 cubic meters. m of hot water per person per month, drainage 11.68 cubic meters per person per month.

Heating and gas supply

Payment for heating residential premises in Moscow, in accordance with Moscow Government Decree No. 468-PP dated September 10, 2014, is calculated based on the average monthly heat energy consumption. To calculate it, the volume of heat consumed over the previous year is taken and divided by 12 months. Then the average monthly volume consumed by the entire house is divided by the total area of ​​the house - this is how the amount of heat required to heat 1 is determined. square meter area of ​​the house. The result obtained is multiplied by the total area of ​​the apartment and the tariff.

At the beginning of each year, the management organization carries out a reconciliation of the volumes billed to the population for payment and the volumes of thermal energy actually spent for the current year. Based on the results of the reconciliation, a payment adjustment is made, which is usually indicated in the payment document in the “recalculation” column. It can be done both in the direction of increasing and in the direction of decreasing it.

In the absence of metering devices, charges are made according to consumption standards: 0.016 Gcal per 1 sq. m of total housing area.

Payment for gas supply is calculated according to the tariff for each consumer living in the apartment.

Limit indices

The maximum index of changes in the amount of payment of citizens for utility services is universal tool control over charges for hot and cold water supply, sewerage, heating, gas. Changing the fee above the maximum index is unacceptable and should entail an immediate response from the executive authorities to eliminate this situation.

In the capital, the maximum index was approved by Order of the Mayor of Moscow dated June 30, 2014 No. 542-RM and from November 1 to December 31, 2014 it is 6.5 percent. At the same time, it is extremely tolerance the value of the marginal index for a specific residential premises is 3.2 percent.

Also, in the form of formulas, the Moscow Government approved the maximum indices for changes in the amount of payments made by citizens for utility services for 2015 - 2018.

Marginal Index = Consumer Price Index x Ratio + 3.5%.

In this formula, the Consumer Price Index is calculated based on the forecast of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the year preceding the year for which the change indices are calculated (based on the results of 9 months). The coefficient is a decreasing or increasing coefficient for the corresponding year of the long-term period, determined taking into account the forecast of socio-economic development of Russia for this year.

How to apply marginal indices?

To determine whether the increase in utility charges exceeds the marginal index, it is necessary to compare the charges for the two periods. Fee amount for any month current year must be divided by the amount of payment for December last year. The resulting value must not exceed the limit index. However, for the first long-term period (from July 1 to December 2014), the selected month must be compared with June 2014.

If the change in the amount of the fee exceeds the size of the established limit index, it is necessary to seek clarification from the MFC/GKU IS of the district, the managing organization. And if you still haven’t been able to find out the objective reasons for exceeding the maximum index for utility fees, you should contact the State Housing Inspectorate of the city of Moscow and the city’s executive authorities.

Limit indices cannot be used in the following cases.

1. In relation to one utility service.

Limit indices apply to the total payment for all utility services provided to a citizen. Those. It is incorrect to say that the increase in tariffs for any particular utility service has exceeded the marginal index.

2. To the total amount in the EPD.

Limit indices apply only to public services (hot and cold water supply, sewerage, heating, gas). And the ENP, in addition to them, includes charges for housing and other services.

3. To utilities, if the volume of their consumption changes.

In Moscow, the majority of the population pays for utilities based on the readings of apartment or communal metering devices. Accordingly, the volume of consumption, as a rule, is not the same every month, so the payment amount varies from month to month.

In addition, the volume of utility services provided is affected by the increase in the number of citizens living or registered in residential premises. Some services are charged for each resident or registered: gas, and in the absence individual devices water metering, cold and hot water supply, wastewater disposal.

4. If your eligibility for benefits has changed.

The amount of the payment depends on whether the citizen has benefits for paying for housing and communal services. When calculating payments, the amount of payment for a specific service is reduced by the amount of benefits provided to it for its payment. In case of loss of the right to a benefit or a change in its size, the citizen’s payment may also change in big side and its growth will exceed the approved index.

For convenience and ease of checking whether the increase in utility bills corresponds limit indexes The Government of the Russian Federation has developed an information tool that allows you to make the necessary calculations online.

Currently, this information tool is posted on the websites of executive authorities of the city of Moscow.

Who is eligible for benefits?

The Moscow government provides citizens with effective system social support in the housing and communal services sector. Currently, in the capital, more than 50 categories of citizens are entitled to benefits, which is significantly more than provided for by federal legislation.

Benefits are provided in the form of discounts for no more than one apartment (residential premises) based on rates, prices and tariffs established by the Moscow Government. If a consumer has the right to social support measures for paying for housing and communal services on two or more grounds, benefits are accrued on one of them.

A new column has appeared in receipts for utility services - hot water supply. It caused confusion among users, since not everyone understands what it is and why it is necessary to make payments on this line. There are also apartment owners who cross out the box. This entails the accumulation of debt, penalties, fines and even litigation. In order not to take matters to extreme measures, you need to know what DHW is, DHW heat energy and why you need to pay for these indicators.

What is DHW on the receipt?

DHW - this designation stands for hot water supply. Its goal is to provide apartments in apartment buildings and other residential premises with hot water at an acceptable temperature, but hot water supply is not the hot water itself, but the thermal energy that is spent on heating the water to an acceptable temperature.

Experts divide hot water supply systems into two types:

• Central system. Here the water is heated at a heating station. After this, it is distributed to apartments in multi-apartment buildings.
• Autonomous system. It is usually used in private homes. The principle of operation is the same as in the central system, but here the water is heated in a boiler or boiler and is used only for the needs of one specific room.

Both systems have the same goal - to provide home owners with hot water. In apartment buildings, a central system is usually used, but many users install a boiler in case the hot water is turned off, as has happened more than once in practice. An autonomous system is installed where there is no way to connect to central water supply. Only those consumers who use the central heating system pay for hot water supply. Autonomous circuit users pay utility resources, which are spent to heat the coolant - gas or electricity.

Important! Another column in the receipt related to DHW is DHW at one unit. Decoding ODN - general house needs. This means that the DHW column on one unit is the expenditure of energy on heating water used for the general needs of all residents of an apartment building.

These include:

• technical work that is performed before the heating season;
• pressure testing of the heating system carried out after repair;
• repair work;
• heating of common areas.

Hot water law

The law on hot water supply was adopted in 2013. Government Resolution No. 406 states that users central system heating companies are required to pay according to a two-part tariff. This suggests that the tariff was divided into two elements:

• thermal energy;
• cold water.

This is how DHW appeared on the receipt, that is, the thermal energy spent on heating cold water. Housing and communal services specialists came to the conclusion that risers and heated towel rails, which are connected to the hot water supply circuit, consume thermal energy for heating non-residential premises. Until 2013, this energy was not taken into account in receipts, and consumers used it free of charge for decades, since outside heating season The heating of the air in the bathroom continued. Based on this, officials divided the tariff into two components, and now citizens have to pay for hot water.

Water heating equipment

The equipment that heats the liquid is a water heater. Its breakdown does not affect the hot water tariff, but users are required to pay the cost of repairing the equipment, since water heaters are part of the property of homeowners in an apartment building. The corresponding amount will appear in the receipt for the maintenance and repair of the property.

Important! This payment should be carefully considered by the owners of those apartments who do not use hot water, since their housing has a autonomous system heating. Housing and communal services specialists do not always pay attention to this, simply distributing the amount for water heater repairs among all citizens.

As a result, these apartment owners have to pay for equipment they did not use. If you discover an increase in the tariff for repairs and maintenance of property, you need to find out what this is connected with and contact the management company for recalculation if the payment was calculated incorrectly.

Thermal energy component

What is this - a coolant component? This is heating cold water. The thermal energy component does not have a meter installed, unlike hot water. For this reason, it is impossible to calculate this indicator using a counter. How, in this case, is the thermal energy for hot water calculated? When calculating the payment, the following points are taken into account:

• tariff set for hot water supply;
• expenses spent on maintaining the system;
• cost of heat loss in the circuit;
• costs spent on coolant transfer.

Important! The cost of hot water is calculated taking into account the volume of water consumed, which is measured in 1 cubic meter.

The size of the energy fee is usually calculated based on the readings of the common hot water meter and the amount of energy in the hot water. Energy is calculated for each separate apartment. To do this, water consumption data is taken, which is learned from the meter readings, and multiplied by the specific heat energy consumption. The received data is multiplied by the tariff. This figure is the required contribution, which is indicated on the receipt.

How to make your own calculation

Not all users trust the payment center, which is why the question arises of how to calculate the cost of hot water supply yourself. The resulting figure is compared with the amount on the receipt and on the basis of this a conclusion is made about the correctness of the charges.

To calculate the cost of hot water supply, you need to know the tariff for thermal energy. The amount is also affected by the presence or absence of a meter. If there is one, then readings are taken from the meter. In the absence of a meter, the standard for the consumption of thermal energy used to heat water is taken. This standard indicator is established by an energy saving organization.

If an energy consumption meter is installed in a multi-storey building and the housing has a hot water meter, then the amount for hot water supply is calculated based on general building metering data and the subsequent proportional distribution of the coolant among apartments. If there is no meter, the rate of energy consumption per 1 cubic meter of water and the readings of individual meters are taken.

Complaint due to incorrect calculation of receipt

If, after independently calculating the amount of contributions for hot water supply, a difference is identified, you must contact the management company for clarification. If the organization's employees refuse to provide explanations on this matter, a written complaint must be submitted. Company employees have no right to ignore it. The response must be received within 13 working days.

Important! If no response is received or it is not clear from it why such a situation arose, then the citizen has the right to file a claim with the prosecutor’s office or statement of claim to court. The authority will consider the case and make an appropriate objective decision. You can also contact organizations that control the activities of the management company. Here the subscriber's complaint will be considered and an appropriate decision will be made.

Electricity used to heat water is not free service. Payment for it is charged on the basis of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. Each citizen can independently calculate the amount of this payment and compare the data obtained with the amount on the receipt. If any inaccuracy occurs, you should contact the management company. In this case, the difference will be compensated if the error is recognized.