Fertilizing currants after picking berries. Features of fertilizing currants to increase yield. What to feed during fruit set

Any experienced summer resident knows very well that during the period of bud formation, flowering and ripening, currant bushes should be fertilized abundantly in order to obtain a rich harvest. Everything comes into play - from folk remedies to chemical fertilizers.

Feeding currants after harvest guarantees good fruiting next year.

Choosing suitable fertilizers

Some people are surprised by the very fact of fertilizing the bush after the harvest is harvested. Indeed, why is this even necessary if the berries have already been picked and there won’t be any until the next season? In fact, after the harvest everything nutrients They are not used to form foliage, flowers and berries, as in June and July, but to strengthen the branches.

At good nutrition the branches become thicker, saturated with salts and organic substances. In other words, feeding currants in the fall ensures an easy wintering. Some experts even argue that a healthy and strong bush does not need to be closed for the winter - it can easily withstand long-term frosts down to -30 degrees without harm. Therefore, it is clearly not worth neglecting autumn feeding.

It is especially important to fertilize soil that is sandy or simply poor in organic matter. If you plowed virgin soil for the first time a couple of years ago, the soil probably contains everything you need for wintering.

If three generations of summer residents successfully work on one piece of land, then for abundant fruiting, the currants will draw the last useful substances from the soil. The stock needs to be restored urgently!

So, how to feed currants in the fall? Avoid nitrogen fertilizers immediately. They “invigorate” the plant, ensure the growth of young branches and the formation of leaves. If this is extremely important in the spring, then by autumn, on the contrary, it is undesirable - the bush should begin to fall asleep, and not awaken.

But Compost will become good decision. Unlike chemical fertilizers, it decomposes for quite a long time - the results become noticeable after 2-3 months. Therefore, it is best to apply compost under the soil in mid-to-late September (for middle zone Russia). Before frost, it will only begin to decompose, enriching the soil, but after the snow melts and the earth warms up, the bush will receive rich feeding, which will be needed to form a large number of branches, leaves and buds.

Some gardeners believe that it is best to apply humus and compost in stages. They feed blackcurrants in three stages: in September, October and November. Others are convinced that you can save time by fertilizing the bush at one time - the effect will be exactly the same. It is difficult to harm a plant with humus, so you can safely apply up to 4 kg for a young bush and up to 6 kg for a strong one that has been growing in place for several years.

Also good result gives the introduction of ash. You should be more careful with it - 200 grams per bush is quite enough. This is the case if the soil is of medium acidity. If your garden has highly acidic soil, you can add up to 300 grams. Conversely, it is undesirable to use more than 100 grams per square meter.

If you have no prejudices about the use of chemical fertilizers, you can scatter Superphosphate on the ground - no more than 100 grams. It stimulates the strengthening of roots, which means it further increases the bush’s chances of a successful winter.

After fertilizing the blackcurrant is completed, the soil must be carefully dug up. Depth no more than 7-10 centimeters. Otherwise, you risk damaging the roots. If the autumn turns out to be dry, immediately after fertilizing, you should water the bush generously - the water should saturate the ground to 40-50 centimeters, gaining access to the entire root system.

To prevent the wind from drying out the soil again, you can mulch it. Use pine needles, dry manure, chopped grass, sawdust and any other mulch.

Alternative fertilizer

Autumn feeding of currants is extremely important - it is impossible to argue with this. But besides autumn, spring and summer feeding There is also a special one that extends throughout the warm season. It is simple and does not cause concern even among the most ardent supporters of organic farming. It's about about planting green manure.

If you want to get the maximum benefit from green manure, it is best to plant legumes:

• beans;
• beans;
• peas.

For summer residents who simply want to improve the quality of the soil, in addition to the above crops, you can pay attention to:

• rape;
• lupine;
• mouse peas.

All these plants absorb a large number of nitrogen from the air, bind it and saturate the soil. And nitrogen, as mentioned above, contributes rapid growth leaves, which has a positive effect on the vitality of the plant and the yield.

Some summer residents prefer to cut green manure before flowering, so as not to have unnecessary problems with their thickets. But you can act more rationally - harvest peas and beans in the summer, and in August carefully mow them, sending them to compost heap or crushed and used as mulch.

They can be soaked for a day in warm water, dig a small ditch around the perimeter of the hole with the bush and bury the potatoes and waste in it. Potatoes contain a huge amount of starch. Having rotted quite quickly, such fertilizer will perfectly support the bush, nourishing its roots, ensuring that the bush will survive even the coldest winter without serious losses.

The main thing is not to use rotten potatoes. Rot may well infect the ground and harm the currants. Therefore, it would be better to send potatoes affected by rot to the compost heap.

Bread crusts and other waste can be a good help. They need to be kept in warm water and then buried under a bush. Bread contains not only a large amount of starch, providing the roots with the same nutrition as potatoes, but also yeast. During reproduction, the latter secrete carbon dioxide, which is absorbed by the bush and processed during photosynthesis.

You can also use mullein: prepare it with large capacity and fresh cow dung, every beginner who has not previously worked in a dacha can do it. Fresh manure is filled with water in a ratio of 1:5. It is advisable to leave the barrel in the sun - the warmer the water, the more actively the bacteria necessary to revive the depleted soil will multiply.

Fertilizer is infused for a week. If possible, the contents of the barrel should be stirred with a long stick at least once a day. After this time, the resulting slurry is further diluted with water in a 1:1 ratio and poured under the bush.

Manure in general is universal solution. On the one hand, applied dry, it perfectly performs the function of mulch, protecting the soil from dry winds and retaining moisture.

On the other hand, constantly moistened and heated in the sun, it gradually rots, releasing useful substances to the plant and providing a rich harvest.

It is worth remembering that black currants need significantly more nutrients than, for example, red and white ones. It bears fruit more abundantly, and the berries of most of its varieties are much larger. So, when a blackcurrant bush (especially if it has been growing in one place for 10-15 years) has to winter, make sure that the soil under it is thoroughly fertilized. Then you can rest assured that the plant will not only easily overwinter, but will also bring a rich harvest next year.

Black and colored currants respond well to fertilizing. The main thing is to apply fertilizers on time, use different types fertilizing and do not abuse doses. Do not forget also that fertilizers prepared according to folk recipes cannot fully replace mineral fertilizers. It is better to alternate such fertilizers or apply them in combination.

Feeding time for currants

It is recommended to feed black currants 5 times per season. For colored currants, 4 feedings per season are enough. It has a more powerful root system and is less demanding on the soil.

1. For the first time in the season, currants are fed in early spring during the period of active growth.
2. The second feeding is carried out during flowering.
3. The third time you need to feed the currants during the formation of the ovary.
4. A fourth feeding is recommended after harvest.
5. The fifth feeding on black currants is carried out about a month before the onset of persistent cold weather.

Foliar feeding of currants

Foliar feeding - spraying the leaves with weak nutrient solutions - promotes the absorption of fertilizers directly by the currant leaf blades. Thus, food reaches the plants as quickly as possible. In this case, the amount of fertilizer should be reduced by three times to avoid burns of the leaf blades.

Currant root feeding

For root feeding on currants, you can apply both dry fertilizers and those dissolved in water. When applying dry fertilizers, they first dissolve in the soil and, with irrigation water or rain, penetrate to the roots, where they are absorbed in a form accessible to plants. Watering the bite area with fertilizers dissolved in water allows nutrients to quickly penetrate and be absorbed by the roots of currant plants.

You should not use only one type of currant fertilizer. It is better to alternate root and foliar, dry and liquid fertilizers and use them in different time of the year.

• In the spring, when there is a lot of moisture in the soil, currants can be fed with dry fertilizers. For example, when planting currant plants, mix fertilizers with the soil in the planting hole.
• IN summer period You can carry out foliar spraying on the foliage in the morning or evening hours.
• In autumn, when there may be relatively little moisture, it is better to apply fertilizers dissolved in water.

How to feed currants

You can feed any currant with mineral and organic fertilizers.

1. Usually I carry out the very first fertilizing using a complex mineral fertilizer, which must contain nitrogen.
2. The second fertilizing can also be done with fertilizer containing nitrogen. However, there should be little or none of it in the composition.
3. Subsequent fertilizing should be done with fertilizers that do not contain nitrogen. Nitrogen stimulates the growth of shoots, and this can have a negative impact on the harvest - there will be active growth, but there will be few inflorescences - and on winter hardiness, the shoots simply will not have time to ripen and will freeze in winter.

Photo: Bui fertilizers for summer and autumn fertilizing fruits and berries and other crops

Fertilizing currants with mineral fertilizers

1. In spring, for the first feeding, you can use dry nitroammophoska:

• 10-15 g under a blackcurrant bush,
• 8-10 g per cauliflower bush.

2. The second feeding (during the flowering period) can be carried out using phosphorus-potassium fertilizers

• 8-10 g of potassium sulfate or 10-12 g of dissolved superphosphate per bush,
• or by treating the leaf blades, having previously reduced the dose of fertilizer by 3 times.

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Rotted manure for feeding

1. Manure must be diluted 5 times before application. Before this, the manure must rot well (reach).
2. If the manure is fresh, then first you need to fill it with water in an equal volume and let it brew for 3-4 days.
3. Next, it needs to be diluted 10 times with water.

When watering, use 1 bucket per adult bush or 1/2 per young bush.

Bird droppings for feeding

• Bird droppings are a good, but very active fertilizer.
• It must be diluted 12 times with water.
• Consumption: 1 bucket for an adult bush, 1/2 bucket for a young one.

Compost and humus for feeding

• Compost or humus does not contain nitrogen, so they can be used throughout the summer.
• It is convenient to mulch the soil near currant bushes with compost and humus after watering or loosening, in a layer of 1 cm.

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Feeding currants with folk remedies

To feed currants you can also use the so-called. "folk" recipes. They are usually used as an addition to organomineral fertilizers and cannot serve as full-fledged fertilizers.

Feeding currants with potato peelings

The use of starch, of which there is a lot in potato peelings, is acceptable. However, you should not think that starch is especially beneficial for plants. Yes, it is used, but it is poorly absorbed.

How to cook potato peelings for feeding

You can make a simple infusion from potato peelings for starch feeding.

1. Any number of potato peelings must be filled with the same amount of water.
2. Let it brew for 1.5 months.
3. After this period, the infusion must be diluted 10 times with water.

When watering currant infusion, use 1 bucket per bush during the period of berry formation.

Feeding currants with potato peelings (video)

How to prepare starch for feeding

If it is inconvenient to collect potato peelings, it takes a long time and there is nowhere to store it, you can use regular store-bought starch.

1. A 200 g pack of starch should be diluted in 5 liters of water.
2. Boil and cool.
3. Dissolve the resulting “jelly” in 1 bucket of water.

Spend 2 liters per black currant bush and 3 liters per cauliflower bush during the flowering period.

Feeding currants with bread

Very often there are bread crusts left in the house. Few people know that this is an excellent summer fertilizer for currants.

• It is enough to fill the crusts of bread with water in an equal volume.
• Let it brew for 10-12 days.
• Then dilute with water 10 times and strain.

Colored currants are especially fond of bread feeding. But the black one is almost indifferent to her.

The berry season is coming to an end. Juicy and tasty currants and gooseberries are collected and processed into compotes, jams, and preserves. The time has come to take care of the bushes themselves, which during this period lay fruit buds and need balanced diet. We will tell you what fertilizers and in what quantities you need to apply to get a rich harvest next year.

How to feed currants

Currants love both organic and mineral fertilizers. Young bushes are not fed for the first 3-4 years if the soil was well fertilized when planting. But when the plants are weak and develop poorly, nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied - urea or ammonium sulfate at the rate of 5-10 g per 1 sq.m.

Mature currant bushes that have already begun to bear fruit are fed 3-4 times per season using organic and mineral fertilizers. During the flowering period, it is necessary to add 25-40 grams of urea to each bush.

During the berry filling period, feed with phosphorus and potassium complex fertilizers. Repeat the application of nitrogen-containing urea in the same proportion.

After harvesting, the bushes are watered with a solution containing phosphorus and potassium. To prepare it, 2 tbsp. superphosphate and the same amount of potassium sulfate are diluted in 10 liters of water. The consumption rate per plant is 25-30 l. If the weather is rainy, fertilizers are applied in dry form.

On soils with increased acidity(pH above 7) phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are replaced with ash - 3 cups per bush. Starting from the 3rd year of life, fruit-bearing currants are additionally fed with organic matter every 3-4 years - an infusion of bird droppings or mullein, adding 3-4 liters for each plant.

Rules for feeding gooseberries

Gooseberries can bear fruit in one place for 8-10 years, taking many minerals from the soil and depleting it. Therefore, compared to other berry growers, it requires more frequent and abundant feeding.

In the first two years of life, young shrubs are fed only with nitrogenous fertilizers - 1 tbsp per 10 liters of water. urea and 2 tbsp. nitrophoska. The solution is applied to a tree trunk circle with a diameter of 80 cm.

Mature shrubs aged 3 to 6 years for good fruiting, are necessary minerals. During the season they are fed 3-4 times: during bud break, before flowering and when fruits begin to set. But the final, August feeding is considered the most important.

After picking the berries, the gooseberry needs to accumulate useful elements in the roots and branches for the formation of fruit buds for the future harvest. For each square meter of planting, add half a bucket of compost, 50 g of superphosphate, 25 g of potassium sulfate and the same amount of ammonium sulfate. For abundantly fruiting bushes, this norm is doubled, or organic matter is added 2-3 liters for each bush.

Fertilizers are incorporated into the soil during loosening. Area outside trunk circle, dig up, trying not to damage the roots. On acidic soils sulfate is replaced with phosphate rock, increasing the rate by 25-30%, since it dissolves less well than superphosphate.

Currants constantly need nutrients, which they mainly consume from the soil. From year to year the number useful substances in the ground decreases and to prolong the life of berry bushes, the quality of the soil must be increased by applying fertilizers. During the season, it is recommended to fertilize currants 4-5 times, using both mineral and organic fertilizers.

1. The very first fertilizing is carried out at the moment the plant awakens and the active growth of green mass;
2. The second feeding is carried out during flowering;
3. The third feeding occurs during the period of fruit formation and ripening;
4. Fourth, after harvest;
5. The fifth can be done when preparing bushes for wintering.

Top dressing can be root or foliar. Foliar feeding carried out by spraying the bush with a weak fertilizer solution.

With this type of feeding, nutrients are absorbed through the leaves and reach the plant faster than with root feeding.
For root feeding Nutrients enter the soil and are absorbed by the plant through the absorption of beneficial elements by the roots. The process of delivering nutrients to the roots takes time, and the bush does not receive them immediately.

To get a healthy harvest with berry bushes, it is recommended to alternate these two types of fertilizing.

How can you feed currant bushes?

On the Internet there are a lot of tips and recipes for various solutions for fertilizing with the percentage and weight content of all the substances necessary for application, depending on the stage of vegetative development of the bush. It is almost impossible to remember everything, and probably not necessary. The most important thing that novice gardeners need to know is:

• The first two fertilizers should contain nitrogen.
• Subsequent feeding should be carried out by eliminating or reducing the level of nitrogen elements (since nitrogen promotes the active growth of green mass, and at the stage of formation and ripening of berries this is no longer necessary, because the bush should direct all its forces to the formation and ripening of fruits, and not active growth of green mass).

The simplest compositions for feeding currant bushes

Specialized mixtures fertilizers for fruit bushes. Purchased granular or liquid fertilizers for feeding fruit bushes (spring-autumn) are convenient to use. On the back of each package there is detailed instructions on application, composition, timing and rates of fertilizer application.

Folk recipes:

• Nitrogen-containing fertilizers (spring);
• Complex feeding (summer - autumn).

Nitrogen is found in manure, compost, and bird droppings.
1. Rotted manure is diluted in water 1:4 and the bushes are watered. Fresh, add water 1:1 and leave for 2-3 days. Dilute the prepared mixture 1:10 and water it at the rate of 1 bucket of solution per bush.

2. Bird droppings are diluted 1:12, the application rate is the same - 1 bucket per bush.
3. It is good to mulch the ground under the bush with humus or compost throughout the spring and summer period.

Complex fertilizing of currants

Complex fertilizers should contain phosphorus, magnesium, potassium and other useful elements. For such fertilizing, you can use ash, starch, and yeast.

All of the listed compositions can be used both for root feeding and for foliar feeding. You just need to be careful with manure and bird droppings; their concentration should be halved.

At first glance, it may seem that preparing infusions is a long and labor-intensive process, but this is not so, we lay necessary ingredients in a bucket of water and place it in the greenhouse. The cooking process will proceed on its own while you go about your business.

Traditional feeding methods should be used in combination with mineral fertilizers, alternating them with each other.

Take care of the currant bushes and then they will definitely thank you with an abundant, juicy and very sweet harvest.