Account 43 is reflected in the debit. Accounting for finished products in accounting. Wholesale sales of finished products

Account 43 “Finished products” is intended to summarize information about the availability and movement of finished products. This account is used by organizations engaged in industrial, agricultural and other production activities.

Finished products purchased for assembly (the cost of which is not included in the cost of the organization's output) or as goods for sale are accounted for in account 41 “Goods”. The cost of work performed and services provided is not reflected in account 43 “Finished products”, and the actual costs for them as they are sold are written off from the production cost accounts to account 90 “Sales”.

Acceptance for accounting of finished products manufactured for sale, including products partially intended for the organization’s own needs, is reflected in the debit of account 43 “Finished products” in correspondence with accounts for recording production costs or accounts 40 “Output of products (works, services)".

If the finished products are completely sent for use in the organization itself, then they may not be accounted for in account 43 “Finished products”, but are taken into account in account 10 “Materials” and other similar accounts, depending on the purpose of these products.

When revenue from the sale of finished products is recognized in accounting, its value is written off from account 43 “Finished Products” to the debit of account 90 “Sales”.

If revenue from the sale of shipped products cannot be recognized in accounting for a certain time (for example, when exporting products), then until the revenue is recognized, these products are recorded in account 45 “Goods shipped.” When it is actually shipped, it is recorded on the credit of account 43 “Finished products” in correspondence with account 45 “Goods shipped”.

When accounting for finished products in synthetic account 43 “Finished Products” at the actual production cost in analytical accounting, the movement of its individual items can be reflected at accounting prices (planned cost, selling prices, etc.) highlighting deviations of the actual production cost of products from their cost at discounted prices. Such deviations are taken into account for homogeneous groups of finished products, which are formed by the organization based on the level of deviations of the actual production cost from the cost at the accounting prices of individual products.

When writing off finished products from account 43 “Finished Products”, the amount of deviations of the actual production cost related to these products from the cost at prices accepted in analytical accounting is determined by a percentage calculated based on the ratio of deviations to the balance of finished products at the beginning of the reporting period and deviations by products received at the warehouse during the reporting month, to the cost of these products at discount prices.

The amounts of deviations of the actual production cost of finished products from their cost at accounting prices related to shipped and sold products are reflected in the credit of account 43 “Finished Products” and the debit of the corresponding accounts with an additional or reversal entry, depending on whether they represent an overexpenditure or savings .

Analytical accounting for account 43 “Finished products” is carried out by storage locations and individual types of finished products.

Account 43 “Finished products” corresponds with the accounts:

When writing off finished products from account 43, the amount of deviations of the actual production cost related to these products from the cost at prices accepted in analytical accounting is determined by a percentage calculated on the basis of the ratio of deviations for the balance of finished products at the beginning of the reporting period and deviations for products received at warehouse during the reporting month, to the cost of these products at discount prices.

The amounts of deviations of the actual production cost of finished products from their cost at accounting prices related to shipped and sold products are reflected in the credit of account 43 and the debit of the corresponding accounts (45, 76, 79, 90) with an additional or reversal entry, depending on whether they represent whether they are overspending or saving.

In accounting, the production and sale of finished products can be carried out using (or without using) account 40 “Output of products (works, services)”, which is intended to summarize information about manufactured products, completed works and performed services for the reporting period.

Account 40 “Output of products (works, services)” reflects information about manufactured products, works delivered to customers and services provided for the reporting period, and also identifies deviations of the actual production cost of these products, works, services from the standard (planned) cost.

Accounting for finished products using this account is carried out at standard cost. In this case, finished products actually released and delivered to the warehouse during the month are valued at standard (planned) cost and are reflected on the credit of account 40 in correspondence with account 43. Products sold are reflected at standard (planned) cost on the debit of account 90 and the credit of account 43 .

At the end of the month, information on products released from production (works completed, services provided) is generated in account 40 in two estimates:

1) by debit – actual production cost;

2) for a loan – standard (planned) cost.

By comparing the debit and credit turnover on account 40, the deviation of the actual production cost from the standard (planned) cost is revealed.

The excess of the latter over the actual cost is reflected by a reversal entry in the debit of account 90 and the credit of account 40. The excess of the actual cost over the standard (planned) cost is reflected in the debit of account 90 and the credit of account 40 by an additional entry.

Thus, the entire amount of deviations for the sale of finished products will be written off to financial results.

Account 40 “Output of products (works, services)” is closed monthly and has no balance as of the reporting date.

If accounting for finished products is carried out without using account 40, then on account 43 “Finished products” accounting is carried out at actual cost. At the same time, in analytical accounting on account 43 and in storage locations, the presence and movement of finished products are reflected at accounting prices (prices of actual cost or standard prices; other options are possible). If standard prices are applied, then to account for deviations of the actual cost of products from their cost at discount prices, a subaccount “Deviation of the actual cost of finished products from the record price” is opened in account 43 “Finished products”. Such deviations are recorded for homogeneous groups of finished products, which are formed by the organization based on the level of deviations of the actual cost at the prices of individual products accepted for accounting.

The excess of the actual cost over the accounting value is reflected in the debit of the subaccount and the credit of the cost accounting accounts. If the actual cost is lower than the book value, then the difference is reflected in a reversal entry.

This method is more suitable for single and small-scale production or for the production of mass products of a small range. In this case, finished products in the warehouse are reflected based on the cost of raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, energy used in their production, accrued depreciation of equipment, wages of workers, etc. Moreover, the cost of components that are used in the production of products may change, since their prices are constantly rising, so different batches of finished products will be listed in the warehouse at different prices.

Reflection in accounting of transactions for the receipt of finished products from production to warehouse in this case, as a rule, does not cause problems - production costs are written off from account 20 “Main production” to account 43. At the same time, general production and general business expenses are preliminarily written off to account 20. In addition, account 20 includes the cost of work and services of auxiliary production. In some cases, the cost of work and services of service industries and farms recorded on account 29 “Service production and farms” may also be written off to account 20.

The balance of account 20 after the capitalization of finished products corresponds to the volume of work in progress.

An important requirement of PBU 1/98 is the requirement of prudence (in theory it is called the principle of conservatism); According to him, the accountant must be “more willing to recognize expenses and liabilities in accounting than possible income and assets.” This means that if the estimated selling price of finished products falls below the actual cost, then the valuation of finished products must be carried out at sales (current market) prices. When drawing up a balance sheet, a decrease in the cost of finished products is reflected in accounting by accruing a reserve to the debit of account 91 “Other income and expenses” and the credit of account 14 “Reserve for a decrease in the cost of material assets.”

In the future, when finished products are disposed of or when their current market value increases, the corresponding amount of the reserve is applied to the increase in the financial result in the debit of account 14 and the credit of account 91.

Analytical accounting for account 43 is carried out by storage locations and individual types of finished products by brands, articles, models and other distinctive features. In addition, accounting should be kept for enlarged product groups: products of main production, products made from waste, consumer goods, spare parts, etc.

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Finished product accounting

Finished products- these are products and semi-finished products, completely smoked by processing, complying with current standards or approved technical specifications, accepted by the warehouse or by the customer.

According to the Methodological Guidelines for Accounting for Inventories, finished products are part of inventories intended for sale, the technical and quality characteristics of which comply with the terms of the contract or the requirements of other documents in cases established by law.

The movement of finished products consists of two main stages:

• receipt of finished products to the warehouse;
• shipment (sale) of finished products to customers.

Finished products arrive from production to the warehouse on the basis of delivery notes, receipt reports, specifications and other similar documents, which are issued in duplicate. One copy of the document is intended for the deliverer of finished products, the other remains in the warehouse. For the deliverer, all documents for the transfer of finished products to the warehouse are registered in the “Finished Products Release Journal” as they are released (in chronological order).

To store finished products, as a rule, separate finished product warehouses are created. An exception is allowed for large-sized products and other products, the delivery of which to the warehouse is difficult for technical reasons. They can be accepted by a representative of the buyer (customer) at the place of manufacture, kitting or assembly, or shipped directly from these places.

The organization of accounting for finished products should ensure the generation of information about the availability and movement of finished products to storage locations and financially responsible persons. For each type of finished product in the warehouse, a separate card is opened, in which the storekeeper fills in the details characterizing the storage location of the products (racks, cells, bins, etc.). A material label is attached to the storage location.

In warehouses with a small range of finished products, instead of warehouse accounting cards, it is allowed to keep records in sort accounting books prepared in accordance with the established procedure.

The organization's finished products are accounted for by name, with separate accounting for distinctive features. For the correct organization of accounting for the movement of finished products, the development of a nomenclature-price tag - a list of names of types of products produced by a given organization - is of great importance. The basis for its compilation is the classification of finished products according to certain characteristics that make it possible to distinguish one product from another (model, accuracy class, style, article number, brand, grade, etc.). In addition, accounting is carried out for enlarged product groups: products of primary production, consumer goods, products made from waste, etc.

Reception, storage, release and accounting of finished products for each warehouse are assigned to the relevant officials (warehouse manager, storekeeper, etc.). These persons are responsible for the correct receipt, release, accounting and safety of the finished products entrusted to them, as well as for the correct and timely execution of receipt and release operations. Agreements on full financial liability are concluded with these officials in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The release of finished products to the buyer is carried out in accordance with concluded contracts. The supplier organization issues an invoice, which is recorded in the journal of issued invoices, and then in the sales book. An invoice is attached to the invoice, which is the basis for writing off finished products from the organization’s warehouse.

Accounting for the availability and movement of finished products is carried out on the account 43 “Finished products”- active.

Opening balance (by debit) - the availability of finished products at the beginning of the reporting period.

Debit turnover is the acceptance of finished products from production to warehouse.

Credit turnover is the write-off of finished products from the warehouse. Final balance (by debit) - the balance of finished products at the end of the reporting period.

Synthetic accounting register - journal order No. 11.

Analytical accounting register - card (book) of warehouse accounting.

When an organization uses an automated form of accounting using the 1C: Enterprise software product, the registers of synthetic accounting are the turnover of account 43 (General Ledger), analysis of account 43, balance sheet, etc. The analytical accounting registers are the turnover balance sheet for account 43, analysis of account 43 by subconto, turnover between subcontos, account card 43, account card 43 by subconto, etc.

The regulations on accounting and financial reporting in the Russian Federation provide for the possibility of assessing finished products in one of the following ways:

Actual cost determined at the end of the reporting period on the basis of accounting data of the actual costs of production. Planned cost is a cost calculated on the basis of average cost standards (planned indicators) for the production of relevant types of products for the reporting period.

Standard cost represents the cost calculated based on the standards in force in the organization on a certain date.

The method of evaluation of finished products chosen by the organization is subject to enshrinement in the order on accounting policies.

With any method of accounting for finished products, the debit of account 43 “Finished Products” reflects its receipt at the organization’s warehouse.

When accounting for finished products at actual cost, their receipt at the warehouse is reflected in the debit of account 43 “Finished products” and the credit of account 20 “Main production”. In this case, the actual cost can be calculated only at the end of the reporting period (month).

Example

The organization produces lamps. The main production costs for the production of a batch of lamps amounted to 130,000 rubles. The assembly of lamps is carried out by auxiliary production; its costs amounted to 14,000 rubles. The organization's accountant will make the following accounting entries:

Dt 43 Kt 20,144,000 rub.

Finished products were capitalized at actual cost;

Dt 90-2 Kt 43,144,000 rub. — the cost of products sold is written off.

If finished products are accounted for at standard (planned) cost, then two accounting options are possible:

• without using account 40 “Output of products (works, services)”;
• using account 40 “Output of products (works, services)”.

If account 40 “Output of products (works, services)” is not used on synthetic account 43 “Finished products”, finished products will be reflected taking into account deviations of the actual production cost of products from their cost at accounting prices (planned, standard). Deviations are written off at the end of the month to the same accounts to which finished products are written off at accounting prices (planned, standard).

Example

The organization produces lamps. The main production costs for the production of a batch of lamps amounted to 130,000 rubles. The assembly of lamps is carried out by auxiliary production; its costs amounted to 14,000 rubles. The planned cost was 1,400 rubles. per unit, 100 units produced. lamps. The organization's accountant will make the following accounting entries:

Dt 20 Kt 70, 69, 10, 60... 130,000 rub. — the costs of the main production for the production of a batch of lamps are reflected;

Dt 23 Kt 70, 69, 10, 60... 14,000 rub. — the costs of auxiliary production for the assembly of lamps are reflected;

Dt 20 Kt 23 14,000 rub. - expenses of auxiliary production for main production are written off;

Dt 43 Kt 20 140 000 rub. (1400 rubles x 100 units) - finished products were capitalized at the planned cost;

Dt 43 Kt 20 4000 rub. — the amount of deviations between the planned and actual costs is determined;

Dt 90-2 Kt 43,140,000 rub. — the cost of products sold is written off;

Dt 90-2 Kt 43 4000 rub. — the amount of deviations is written off.

If finished products are accounted for at standard (planned) cost using account 40, then the accounting procedure has the following features:

• the debit of account 40 takes into account the actual production cost of finished products in correspondence with the production cost accounts (accounts 20, 23, 29);
• the credit of account 40 reflects the standard (planned) cost of finished products in correspondence with account 43.

At the end of the month, by comparing debit and credit turnover, deviations of the actual production cost of products, reflected in the debit of account 40, from the standard (planned) cost, reflected in the credit of account 40, are identified.

The excess of the actual cost over the standard (planned) cost, i.e. overexpenditure, is written off from account 40 to the debit of account 90 “Sales” by an additional entry. The excess of the standard (planned) cost over the actual cost, i.e. savings are reversed to the credit of account 40 and the debit of account 90 “Sales”.

Thus, account 40 is closed monthly and has no balance at the reporting date.

If the finished product is completely sent for use in the organization itself, then it may not be included in account 40 “Finished products” and should be taken into account in account 10 “Materials”.

When accounting for finished products is carried out at standard (planned) cost, an enterprise can use account 40 “Output of products (works, services)”.

Example

Continuing the example, the organization accounts for finished products (lamps) at planned cost using account 40.

Dt 20 Kt 70, 69, 10, 60... 130,000 rub. — the costs of the main production for the production of a batch of lamps are reflected;

Dt 23 Kt 70, 69, 10, 60... 14,000 rub. — the costs of auxiliary production for the assembly of lamps are reflected;

Dt 20 Kt 23 14,000 rub. - expenses of auxiliary production for main production are written off;

Dt 43 Kt 40.140 000 rub. (1400 rubles x 100 units) - finished products were capitalized at the planned cost;

Dt 40 Kt 20 144 000 rub. — at the end of the month the actual cost is reflected;

Dt 90-2 Kt 43,140,000 rub. — the planned cost of products sold is written off;

Dt 90-2 Kt 40 4000 rub. — the amount of excess of the actual cost of finished products over the planned cost was written off (if the planned cost had turned out to be greater than the actual cost, then this entry would have been reflected using the “red reversal” method).

43 account finished products

Account 43 “Finished products” generates generalized information about the availability of stocks of finished products. The concept of finished products includes MPZs that have gone through all stages of production processing and acquired a completed appearance that does not require modifications or additional costs to begin operation.

Characteristics of account 43

Finished products must be taken into account as a separate group from other inventories for sale:

• constant monitoring of production volumes of such products, analysis of the level of their quality and degree of preservation;
• documentary support of products shipped to customers with subsequent monitoring of the status of settlements for concluded transactions;
• verification activities in order to monitor the completeness of deliveries of finished products, compliance of the terms of the contract with the results of activities in practice;
• analysis of account 43 allows you to calculate the total values ​​for revenue from sold finished products, correlate the information received with information about the level of profitability and the actual cost of each unit.

Is count 43 active or passive?

This is an active account, which is debited in accounting when finished products arrive at the company’s warehouses. The ending balance can only be in debit; in the balance sheet, the account results are reflected as assets. In the case of selling a certain amount of finished products or transferring them to another department for the needs of the organization, the account. 43 is credited. Products ready for sale, including semi-finished products of own production, should be accounted for at actual cost.

When organizing analytical accounting, a separate sub-account is created for each product category, which reflects data in cost and physical terms. Subaccounts 43 accounts:

• 43.01, in which it is customary to keep records of products using the planned cost method;
• 43.02, which provides for accounting at actual cost.

Account 43 in accounting: postings

When the finished product accounting account is debited, it is posted to the warehouse. The following may serve as corresponding loan accounts:

• 20, 23 or 29 – if the products arrived from production workshops (a receipt is issued);
• 76 – if the receipt was made within the same enterprise (reflected in the acceptance certificate);
• 80 – such correspondence from account 43 occurs if a contribution to the authorized capital was made with finished products (data is taken from the minutes of the board’s decision);
• 98 – if the product is issued in the form of a discount to the buyer (a delivery note is drawn up);
• 21 – if semi-finished products produced on your own are included.

For loan 43, a posting account is generated upon disposal of finished products from the warehouse in correspondence with the debit of the accounts:

• 45 – when transferred to third parties under a transfer and acceptance certificate;
• 80 – upon transfer under a simple partnership agreement;
• 44 - with it, standard entries for account 43 are drawn up when spent to solve commercial problems;
• 94 – when written off if a shortage is identified;
• 97 – when used to perform certain jobs.

Account 43 “Finished products” in examples

An example taking into account the actual price.

The company produced 60 units of commercial equipment. The main production in terms of costs showed 700,000 rubles, additional assembly work cost 120,000 rubles.

Account 43 in accounting will participate in the following transactions:

• debiting 20 from Kt 10 (69, 70) for a total amount of basic production expenses of 700,000 rubles;
• debiting 23 from Kt 10 (69, 70) to reflect in the accounting of assembly expenses 120,000 rubles;
• debiting 20 from Kt 23 to include the cost of assembly work in the cost of finished products 120,000 rubles;
• account 43 is debited from Kt 20 when moving manufactured products to the warehouse for 820,000 rubles. (700,000 + 120,000).

The characteristics of account 43 suggest the possibility of forming the price of finished products using the planned cost method when such a rule is fixed in the accounting policy of the enterprise. It is allowed to keep records in actual production prices, production reduced prices, standard prices, wholesale prices, free selling prices and free market prices.

Materials: http://spmag.ru/articles/43-schet-gotovaya-produkciya

Finished products. Primary production

• In industrial production sectors: The transfer of finished products from the workshop to the warehouse is reflected as products to be sold.
  Carried out according to a) actual (production) or b) accounting (planned, standard) cost, based on invoices and other documents on the internal movement of inventories.
• If finished products are received at the warehouse at accounting prices (planned or standard cost, also known as the Standard-cost method), then this posting reflects the amount of deviations of the actual cost from the planned/standard cost, in case of overexpenditure (in case of savings - the same posting, reversal ).
  It is carried out on the basis of an accounting certificate accompanied by properly prepared justifications.

Wiring diagrams:

Option A. If finished products are delivered to the GP warehouse at actual (production) cost

• Dt 43 Kt 20– finished products are delivered to the finished products warehouse;
  
• – an invoice is presented to the customer;
• Dt 90.3 Kt 68 – VAT
• - financial results.

The cost of finished products at the time of transfer from the workshop to the warehouse is, as a rule, unknown, and, therefore, during mass production, its receipt at the actual cost at this moment is almost impossible.

The posting diagram, reflecting the production and sale of finished products with their capitalization at the actual (production) cost, can be considered acceptable only for the order-based costing method.

Option B. If finished products are delivered to the GP warehouse at standard/planned cost. Scheme without using count 40

• , 05, 10, 68, 69, 70, etc. – direct production costs;
• – write-off of auxiliary production expenses;
• Dt 43 Kt 20– finished products are delivered to the finished products warehouse, where they are capitalized at the accounting (planned or standard) cost;
  Next, at the end of the month, a calculation is made of the deviations of the actual value from the accounting value and the corresponding amount is written off with an additional entry:
• Dt 43 Kt 20– in case of overspending, or the same entry in red reversal in case of savings.
  Balance Dt 20 – products at the WIP stage.
• – write-off of finished products for sale at actual cost;
• – an invoice is presented to the customer;
• Dt 90.3 Kt 68 – VAT
• - financial results.

For information on how to account for products at standard/planned cost using account 40, see the diagram in the commentary to Prov. . For information on how work and services are taken into account at actual cost, see the commentary to Prov. .

Reference. As accounting prices for finished products, in accordance with clause 204 of the Guidelines for accounting of inventories, approved. By Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 28, 2001 N 119n, the following may be applied:

1. actual production cost;
2. standard cost;
3. negotiated prices;
4. other types of prices.

"operations for accounting of finished products were available, the program should be configured accordingly.

In the functionality settings (section “Main” – Settings – Functionality) on the “Production” tab there should be a “Production” checkbox:

In addition, you need to correctly: in the form for setting it up on the “Costs” tab, indicate production as a type of activity, the costs of which are accounted for on account 20 (Main production):

Here you can also set up product accounting. By default, the program takes into account manufactured products at their planned cost in accounting account 43 (Finished products), then during period closure it is produced and the amount is adjusted.

If the accountant wants to use accounting account 40 (Release of finished products), then in the accounting policy form, click the “Advanced” button on the “Costs” tab and check the box “Take into account deviations from the planned cost.” Then the manufactured products will be accounted for at the planned cost on account 40, and then, when closing the period, the program will calculate the actual cost and take it into account at account 43.

Finished products in 1C with examples

Standard documents in 1C 8.3 for reflecting production operations are available in the “Production” section (see the “Product Release” subsection).

Product output is reflected in the “Shift Production Report”. Despite the name, this program object is not a report, but a standard document.

It is first necessary to enter the manufactured products into the directory “”, indicating the type of nomenclature for them - Products. If an organization uses different ones to record its activities, you must also fill out the “Nomenclature group” field (by selecting an item from the directory).

Get 267 video lessons on 1C for free:

An example of accounting for finished products in 1C without account 40

Example 1. A furniture factory produced “Director” tables and “Clerk” tables. The accounting policy prescribes accounting for manufactured products on account 43, without account 40.

1. Output. In order to reflect the release, we will create a standard document “”. In the “header” details we will indicate the warehouse (if the organization maintains warehouse records) and the cost account. On the “Products” tab, in the rows of the table, we indicate the manufactured products and manually enter their planned price. By default, the accounting account is filled in - 43.

Document 1C will generate accounting entries for accounts Dt 43 Kt 20 for the amount of the planned cost of production.

1. Sales of finished products. Registered in the program in a standard way using the standard document “”.

1. Closing the month and adjusting costs. At the end of the period (month), we will perform routine automatic processing “” in the program. It will calculate the cost of production based on the amount of actual costs posted to the debit of account 20 for the item group of products (if item groups are not used, costs are calculated as a whole in account 20). Costs usually include the cost of raw materials, wages of production workers, etc. Then the program will adjust the cost of production. To view the postings of this operation, you need to click on the link “Closing accounts 20, 23, 25, 26” in the month closing form and select “Show postings”:

We see that in 1C an accounting entry has been generated that adjusts the cost of production: Dt 43 Kt 20. Moreover, the amount of the entry can be negative, depending on which cost is greater - planned or actual.

If the manufactured products were sold, then during the closing of the period the program also adjusts the cost of its write-off, creating a debit entry in accounting account 90.02 “Cost of sales”:

The program allows you to generate convenient analytical reports and calculations “Calculation of cost” and “Cost of manufactured products”. They are also available in the month closure form (after the closure has been completed) via the link “Closing accounts 20, 23, 25, 26”.

The “Cost Cost Calculation” reflects the costs incurred for each unit of production:

Another calculation certificate - “Cost of manufactured products” - shows the value of the actual cost, the planned one, as well as the deviation of the “fact” from the “plan”:

Example of product accounting with a score of 40

Example 2. A furniture factory produced “Director” tables and “Clerk” tables. The accounting policy of the enterprise prescribes the use of accounting account 40 “Release of finished products”.

In the program, you need to configure the use of account 40 in the accounting policy (see the beginning of the article).

This page is an appendix to .

Account 43 “Finished products”

Account 43 “Finished products” is intended to summarize information about the availability and movement of finished products. This account is used by organizations engaged in industrial, agricultural and other production activities.

Finished products purchased for assembly (the cost of which is not included in the cost of the organization's output) or as goods for sale are accounted for in account 41 “Goods”. The cost of work performed and services provided is not reflected in account 43 “Finished products”, and the actual costs for them as they are sold are written off from the production cost accounts to account 90 “Sales”.

Acceptance for accounting of finished products manufactured for sale, including products partially intended for the organization’s own needs, is reflected in the debit of account 43 “Finished products” in correspondence with accounts for recording production costs or accounts 40 “Output of products (works, services)". If the finished products are completely sent for use in the organization itself, then they may not be accounted for in account 43 “Finished products”, but are taken into account in account 10 “Materials” and other similar accounts, depending on the purpose of these products.

When revenue from the sale of finished products is recognized in accounting, its value is written off from account 43 “Finished Products” to the debit of account 90 “Sales”.

If revenue from the sale of shipped products cannot be recognized in accounting for a certain time (for example, when exporting products), then until the revenue is recognized, these products are recorded in account 45 “Goods shipped.” When it is actually shipped, it is recorded on the credit of account 43 “Finished products” in correspondence with account 45 “Goods shipped”.

When accounting for finished products in synthetic account 43 “Finished Products” at the actual production cost in analytical accounting, the movement of its individual items can be reflected at accounting prices (planned cost, selling prices, etc.) highlighting deviations of the actual production cost of products from their cost at discounted prices. Such deviations are taken into account for homogeneous groups of finished products, which are formed by the organization based on the level of deviations of the actual production cost from the cost at the accounting prices of individual products.

When writing off finished products from account 43 “Finished Products”, the amount of deviations of the actual production cost related to these products from the cost at prices accepted in analytical accounting is determined by a percentage calculated based on the ratio of deviations to the balance of finished products at the beginning of the reporting period and deviations by products received at the warehouse during the reporting month, to the cost of these products at discount prices.

The amounts of deviations of the actual production cost of finished products from their cost at accounting prices related to shipped and sold products are reflected in the credit of account 43 “Finished Products” and the debit of the corresponding accounts with an additional or reversal entry, depending on whether they represent an overexpenditure or savings .

Analytical accounting for account 43 “Finished products” is carried out by storage locations and individual types of finished products.

Account 43 “Finished products” corresponds with the accounts:

Accounting for finished products. Receipt of finished products from production.

Sales of finished products. Methods for reflecting sales in accounting.

Accounting for shipped goods. Characteristics of the count. 41 and 43.

Accounting for finished products and their sales.

Finished products are the final product of the production process, delivered to the warehouse and ready for sale.

Accounting for finished products is maintained on active account 43 “Finished Products”. The debit balance of account 43 shows the cost of finished products in the enterprise's warehouses.

“Finished products” has the structure:

Score 43

If revenue from the sale of shipped products cannot be recognized in accounting for a certain time (for example, when exporting products), then until the revenue is recognized, these products are accounted for in account 45 “Goods shipped.” Upon actual shipment, an entry is made to the debit of account 45 and the credit of account 43.

Account 45 “Goods shipped” has the following structure:

When customers are presented with payment documents for shipped products, the products recorded on account 45 are written off to account 90, subaccount 90-2 “Cost of sales”.

Account 45 “Goods shipped” also takes into account products and goods transferred to other enterprises under a commission agreement, since when selling products through an intermediary under a commission agreement, the ownership of the product does not pass to the intermediary.

Delivery of finished products to the warehouse is reflected by postings of the form:

Debit account 43"Finished products"

Account credit 20"Primary production"

or wiring like:

Debit account 43"Finished products"

Credit account 23

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 20"Primary production"

or wiring like:

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Credit account 23 .

Delivery of finished products to the customer is reflected using account 43 or by posting:

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

or wiring:

Debit account 45"Goods shipped"

Account credit 43"Finished products".

The application of the last 2 entries will be explained later.

Example 7.1. at actual cost. In the current month, account 20 “Main production” reflects the actual production cost of finished products - 300,000 rubles. The receipt of all these finished products at the warehouse will be reflected by the posting:

Debit account 43"Finished products"

Account credit 20"Primary production"

300,000 rub.– by the amount of actual production costs.

Example 7.2. At the enterprise, finished products are taken into account at standard cost. Within a month, the enterprise produced and delivered finished products to the warehouse at a standard cost of 300,000 rubles. The actual cost of finished products, calculated at the end of the month, amounted to 320,000 rubles.

Debit account 43"Finished products"

Account credit 20"Primary production"

300,000 rub.

Debit account 43"Finished products"

Account credit 20"Primary production"

20,000 rub.(= 320,000 rubles – 300,000 rubles) – for the difference between the actual and standard costs (in accordance with clause 206 of the Guidelines for accounting for inventories).

Example 7.3. At the enterprise, finished products are taken into account at standard cost. Within a month, the enterprise produced and delivered finished products to the warehouse at a standard cost of 300,000 rubles. The actual cost of finished products, calculated at the end of the month, amounted to 290,000 rubles

Debit account 43"Finished products" subaccount “Finished products at discount prices”

Account credit 20"Primary production"

300,000 rub.– for the amount of standard cost.

Debit account 43"Finished products" subaccount “Deviation of the actual cost of finished products from the book value”

Account credit 20"Primary production"

10,000 rub.(= RUB 300,000 – RUB 290,000) – REVERSE for the difference between standard and actual costs (in accordance with clause 206 of the Methodological Guidelines for Accounting for Inventory and Inventory).

Accounting for sales of finished products.

In accordance with Art. 39 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, under implementation(sale) of goods, works or services by an organization means the transfer on a reimbursable basis of ownership of goods, as well as the results of work or provision of services by one person to another person.

Implementation may be taken into account:

As products are shipped and payment documents are presented to the buyer;

As the buyer pays the settlement documents (the supply agreement must indicate that the transfer of ownership of the product occurs only after payment for the product by the buyer).

Example 7.4. The company shipped finished products worth 23,600 rubles. The cost of shipped products is 17,000 rubles. Sales are accounted for as products are shipped. The accounting entries will look like:

Debit account 62

Account credit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-1"Revenue"

RUB 23,600

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

17,000 rub.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-3

Credit account 68

3,600 rub.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-9"Profit/loss from sales"

Account credit 99"Profit and loss"

3,000 rub. arrived from the sale of finished products (monthly on the credit balance of account 90 by comparing all turnover on account 90 is formed profit from sales transactions for the current month, which is written off from the debit of account 90 to the credit of account 99 to account for the enterprise’s total profit for the year).

Debit account 51"Current accounts"

Credit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

RUB 23,600

Example 7.5. We use the data from the previous example with the difference that now, according to the contract, ownership of the product passes to the buyer after payment for products. The accounting entries will look like:

Debit account 45"Goods shipped"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

17,000 rub. – .

Debit account 76 subaccount "VAT"

Credit account 68"Calculations for taxes and fees"

3,600 rub.(= 23,600 rubles: 118 * 18) - for the calculated amount of VAT (with VAT 18%).

Debit account 51"Current accounts"

Credit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

RUB 23,600– money received from the buyer.

Debit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

Account credit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-1"Revenue"

RUB 23,600– for the contract price of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-3"Value added tax"

Credit account 76“Settlements with various debtors and creditors” subaccount "VAT"

3,600 rub.– for the amount of VAT.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 45"Goods shipped"

17,000 rub.– on the cost of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-9"Profit/loss from sales"

Account credit 99"Profit and loss"

3,000 rub.(= 23,600 rub. – 17,000 rub. – 3,600 rub.) – in the amount arrived from sale.

Example 7.6. We use the data from example 7.4 with the addition that the company incurred additional costs during shipment - the cost of packaging finished products in the company’s warehouse amounted to 1,200 rubles. The accounting entries will look like (repeating entries are marked italic font):

Debit account 62

Account credit 90 "Sales"subaccount 90-1 "Revenue"

RUB 23,600 – for the contract price of shipped products.

Account debit 90 "Sales"subaccount 90-2 "Cost of sales"

Account credit 43 "Finished products"

17,000 rub. – on the cost of shipped products.

Account debit 90 "Sales"subaccount 90-3 "Value added tax"

Credit account 68 "Calculations for taxes and fees"

3,600 rub. (= 23,600 rubles: 118 * 18) - for the calculated amount of VAT (with VAT 18%).

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 44"Sale expenses"

1,200 rub.– costs of packaging products at the enterprise warehouse.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-9"Profit/loss from sales"

Account credit 99"Profit and loss"

1,800 rub.(= 23,600 rub. – 17,000 rub. – 3,600 rub. – 1,200 rub.) – in the amount arrived

Debit account 51 "Current accounts"

Credit account 62 "Settlements with buyers and customers"

RUB 23,600 – money received from the buyer.

As mentioned above, monthly on the credit balance of account 90 “Sales” by comparing all turnovers on account 90 “Sales” is formed profit from sales transactions for the current month, which is written off from the debit of account 90 “Sales” to the credit of account 99 “Profits and losses” to account for the enterprise’s total profit for the year.

Thus, in general, account 90 “Sales” has no balance at the end of each month. However, all subaccounts of account 90 “Sales” can have a balance during the year - they accumulate from January 1 of each year. In this case, subaccount 90-1 “Revenue” can only have a credit balance during the year. And subaccounts 90-2 “Cost of sales”, 90-3 “Value added tax”, 90-4 “Excise taxes” can only have a debit balance during the year. Subaccount 90-9 “Profit/loss from sales” can have both a debit and a credit balance.

At the end of the reporting year, all subaccounts of account 90 “Sales” (except for subaccount 90-9 “Profit/loss from sales”) are closed with internal entries to subaccount 90-9 “Profit/loss from sales”:

Debit account 90-1 Credit account 90-9– subaccount 90-1 is closed,

Debit account 90-9 Credit account 90-2 (90-3, 90-4)– subaccount 90-2 (90-3, 90-4) is closed.

As a result of these postings, debit and credit turnovers on the subaccounts of account 90 “Sales” will be equal and the balance on account 90 “Sales” as a whole and on all its subaccounts as of January 1 of the next reporting year will be equal to zero.

Write-off of deviations of the actual cost of finished products from the accounting cost when selling products.

Finished products are accounted for in accounting at actual cost. But enterprises often have a situation where it is difficult to establish the actual cost of finished products at the time they arrive at the warehouse, since it can only be calculated at the end of the month. And for the convenience of accounting for the shipment of finished products from the warehouse to the buyer, many enterprises use accounting prices (standard cost).

At the end of the month, the standard cost of finished products that are shipped from the warehouse is added sum of deviations, together with which the actual cost of finished products shipped to customers is obtained.

Sum of deviations, to be written off to the debit of subaccount 90-2 “Cost of sales” from the credit of account 43 “Finished products”, is calculated in 2 steps using the formulas:

[Variance for the balance of finished products in the warehouse at the beginning of the month + Variance for finished products received at the warehouse for the month]

: (divide by)

[Cost of finished products in the warehouse at registration prices at the beginning of the month + Cost of finished products received at the warehouse at registration prices for the month]

* (multiply by)

= (we get)

[Percentage of deviation to be written off]

* (multiply by)

[Cost of finished products at accounting prices, shipped to customers per month]

= (we get)

[Amount of deviations to be written off].

If the actual price turns out to be higher than the accounting price, then an entry is made for the amount of deviations for the shipped products:

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products" subaccount “Deviation of the actual cost of finished products from the accounting value”,

and if the actual price turns out to be less than the accounting price, then a REVERSE entry is made.

Example. The company uses discount prices for finished products.

1) At discount prices, the balance of finished products in the warehouse at the beginning of the month is 100,000 rubles. The actual cost of this balance is 120,000 rubles. That is, there is an overexpenditure of 20,000 rubles.

2) Within a month, the warehouse received finished products at discount prices for 300,000 rubles. The actual cost of received products is 340,000 rubles. That is, there is an overexpenditure of 40,000 rubles.

3) Within a month, the enterprise shipped finished products to buyers at discount prices for 250,000 rubles.

The accounting entries will look like:

Debit account 43"Finished products" subaccount “Finished products at discount prices”

Account credit 20"Primary production"

300,000 rub.– arrived at the finished goods warehouse in a month for the amount of standard cost.

Debit account 43"Finished products" subaccount “Deviation of the actual cost of finished products from the book value”

Account credit 20"Primary production"

40,000 rub.– the difference between actual and standard costs.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products" subaccount “Finished products at discount prices”

250,000 rub. - the cost of finished products at accounting prices, shipped to customers per month.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products" subaccount “Deviation of the actual cost of finished products from the book value”

RUB 37,500– the amount of deviation attributable to shipped products.

In the example considered, revenue from the sale of products was recognized at the time of shipment products to the buyer.

If revenue from the sale of products were recognized after payment by the buyer (which should be specified in the contract, for example, when exporting products), that is, some time after shipment, then at the time of actual shipment the following posting would be made:

Debit account 45"Goods shipped"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

300,000 rub.– for the planned cost of shipped products,

After payment for the products, the following posting would be made:

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 45"Goods shipped"

300,000 rub.– for the planned cost of products sold

and finally, at the end of the month, additional entries would be made to bring the written-off cost to the actual value:

Debit account 45"Goods shipped"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

RUB 37,500– the amount of deviation attributable to shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 45"Goods shipped"

RUB 37,500– the amount of variance attributable to the products sold.

Accounting for finished products at standard (planned) cost - using account 40.

When accounting for finished products at standard (planned) cost, active account 40 “Output of products (works, services)” can be used. Account 40 is closed monthly, that is, it has no balance as of the reporting date and, therefore, is not reflected in the balance sheet.

The debit of account 40 reflects the actual production cost of finished products delivered to the enterprise's warehouse. Postings are made like:

Account debit 40“Release of products (works, services)”

Account credit 20"Primary production", Credit account 23"Auxiliary production" Account credit 29"Service industries and farms"

For the amount of actual cost.

The credit of account 40 reflects the standard (planned) cost of products delivered to the enterprise's warehouse, work delivered and services rendered. Postings are made like:

Debit account 43"Finished products"

Account credit 40“Release of products (works, services)”

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 40“Release of products (works, services)”

For the amount of work completed and services provided at standard cost.

On the last day of the reporting month, the turnover in account 40 is compared and the resulting balance in account 40 is written off to account 90:

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 40“Release of products (works, services)”

By the amount of overexpenditure, that is, by the amount of excess of the actual cost above the standard

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 40“Release of products (works, services)”

REVERSE the amount of savings, that is, the amount of excess of the standard cost over the actual cost.

Example 7.8. Within a month, the company produced (delivered to the warehouse) finished products at standard cost in the amount of 250,000 rubles. The actual production cost of this product is 280,000 rubles. The accounting entries will look like:

Debit account 43"Finished products"

Account credit 40“Release of products (works, services)”

250,000 rub.- for the amount of finished products delivered to the warehouse at standard cost,

Account debit 40“Release of products (works, services)”

Account credit 20"Primary production"

280,000 rub. - for the amount of the actual cost of products delivered to the warehouse.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 40“Release of products (works, services)”

30,000 rub.(= 280,000 rubles – 250,000 rubles) - by the amount of overruns, that is, by the amount of excess of the actual cost over the standard cost.

Accounting for sales expenses.

Selling expenses are commercial (non-production) expenses for the sale of products, which are paid by the selling organization (supplier).

To account for these expenses, active account 44 “Sales expenses” is used.

In the debit of account 44 the following expenses can be taken into account:

To participate in the exhibition,

To hold prize draws, etc.

Other sales expenses.

Depending on the accounting policy of the enterprise, the amounts of sales expenses accumulated during the month in the debit of account 44 are written off from the credit of account 44 to the debit of account 90 “Sales” subaccount 90-2 “Cost of sales”:

Either completely (all selling expenses are included in the cost of products sold),

Or partially (sales costs are distributed between products sold and products remaining in the warehouse).

Example The company shipped finished products worth 236,000 rubles. The cost of shipped products is 150,000 rubles. Sales records are maintained as products are shipped. The enterprise incurred costs for packaging finished products in the warehouse: packaging material was consumed for 2,000 rubles, the salary of packaging warehouse workers amounted to 5,000 rubles, social contributions from this salary amounted to 1,300 rubles. The accounting entries will look like:

Formation of sales expenses:

Debit account 44"Sale expenses"

Account credit 10"Materials"

2,000 rub.– materials have been consumed for packaging products in the warehouse.

Debit account 44"Sale expenses"

Account credit 70"Settlements with personnel for wages"

5,000 rub.– the wages of workers for packaging products have been spent.

Debit account 44"Sale expenses"

Credit account 69“Calculations for social insurance and security”

1,300 rub.– social contributions from the mentioned salary are taken into account.

Product sales accounting:

Debit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

Account credit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-1"Revenue"

RUB 236,000– for the contract price of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

150,000 rub.– on the cost of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-3"Value added tax"

Credit account 68"Calculations for taxes and fees"

36,000 rub.(= 236,000 rubles: 118 * 18) - for the calculated amount of VAT (with VAT 18%).

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 44"Sale expenses"

8,300 rub.(= RUB 2,000 + RUB 5,000 + RUB 1,300) – costs of packaging products at the enterprise warehouse.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-9"Profit/loss from sales"

Account credit 99"Profit and loss"

RUB 41,700(= 236,000 rub. – 150,000 rub. – 36,000 rub. – 8,300 rub.) – in the amount arrived from the sale of finished products.

Debit account 51"Current accounts"

Credit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

RUB 236,000– money received from the buyer.

Transportation of finished products.

The company’s costs for transporting finished products using its own transport to the buyer’s location can:

To be paid by the buyer separately,

To be paid by the buyer not separately, but as part of the total payment for products.

Example The company shipped products worth RUB 118,000 to the buyer. The cost of shipped products is 80,000 rubles. The company also provides additional services to the buyer in the amount of 5,900 rubles. for transportation of products. The cost of transport services is 4,000 rubles. Transport services are paid by the buyer separately, that is, above the price of shipped products. The accounting entries will look like:

For shipped products:

Debit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

Account credit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-1"Revenue"

118,000 rub.– for the contract price of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

80,000 rub.– on the cost of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-3"Value added tax"

Credit account 68"Calculations for taxes and fees"

18,000 rub.

For transport services:

Debit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

Account credit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-1"Revenue"

5,900 rub.– for the negotiated cost of transport services.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Credit account 23"Auxiliary production"

4,000 rub. – .

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-3"Value added tax"

Credit account 68"Calculations for taxes and fees"

900 rub.(= 5,900 rubles: 118 * 18) - for the calculated amount of VAT (with VAT 18%).

General postings for shipment and transportation:

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-9"Profit/loss from sales"

Account credit 99"Profit and loss"

21,000 rub.(= 118,000 rub. – 80,000 rub. – 18,000 rub. + 5,900 rub. – 4,000 rub. – 900 rub.) – in the amount arrived

Debit account 51"Current accounts"

Credit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

RUB 123,900(= 118,000 rubles + 5,900 rubles) – money received from the buyer.

Example 7.11. The company shipped products worth RUB 118,000 to the buyer. The cost of shipped products is 80,000 rubles. The company also provides services to the buyer for transporting products, the cost of which is 4,000 rubles. Transport services are paid by the buyer not separately

Debit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

Account credit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-1"Revenue"

118,000 rub.– for the contract price of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

80,000 rub.– on the cost of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-3"Value added tax"

Credit account 68"Calculations for taxes and fees"

18,000 rub.(= 118,000 rubles: 118 * 18) – for the calculated amount of VAT (at 18% VAT).

Debit account 44"Sale expenses"

Credit account 23"Auxiliary production"

4,000 rub.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 44"Sale expenses"

4,000 rub.– for the cost of transport services.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-9"Profit/loss from sales"

Account credit 99"Profit and loss"

16,000 rub.(= 118,000 rub. – 80,000 rub. – 18,000 rub. – 4,000 rub.) – in the amount arrived from the sale and transportation of finished products.

Debit account 51"Current accounts"

Credit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

118,000 rub.– money received from the buyer.

Example 7.12. The company shipped products worth RUB 118,000 to the buyer. The cost of shipped products is 80,000 rubles. With the consent of the buyer, the company pays for the services of a third-party transport organization for delivering the products to the buyer - 2,360 rubles. The buyer reimburses the company for payment for third-party services transport organization – 2,360 rubles. The accounting entries will look like:

Debit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

Account credit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-1"Revenue"

118,000 rub.– for the contract price of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

80,000 rub.– on the cost of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-3"Value added tax"

Credit account 68"Calculations for taxes and fees"

18,000 rub.(= 118,000 rubles: 118 * 18) – for the calculated amount of VAT (at 18% VAT).

Account debit 60

Credit account 51"Current accounts"

RUB 2,360– paid for the services of a third-party transport organization.

Debit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

Account credit 60"Settlements with suppliers and contractors"

RUB 2,360– for the amount of payment for the service of a third-party transport organization, which is subject to reimbursement by the buyer.

Debit account 51"Current accounts"

Credit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

RUB 2,360– money was received from the buyer as compensation for payment for the services of a third-party transport company.

Debit account 51"Current accounts"

Credit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

118,000 rub.– received money from the buyer for the products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-9"Profit/loss from sales"

Account credit 99"Profit and loss"

20,000 rub.(= 118,000 rub. – 80,000 rub. – 18,000 rub.) – in the amount arrived from the sale of products.

Example The company shipped products worth RUB 118,000 to the buyer. The cost of shipped products is 80,000 rubles. The company pays for the services of a third-party transport organization for the delivery of products to the buyer - 2,360 rubles. (including “input” VAT – 360 rubles). Transport services are paid by the buyer not separately, but as part of the total payment for products. That is, the company sells products on the terms of their delivery to the buyer. The accounting entries will look like:

Debit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

Account credit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-1"Revenue"

118,000 rub.– for the contract price of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

Account credit 43"Finished products"

80,000 rub.– on the cost of shipped products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-3"Value added tax"

Credit account 68"Calculations for taxes and fees"

18,000 rub.(= 118,000 rubles: 118 * 18) – for the calculated amount of VAT (at 18% VAT).

Debit account 44"Sale expenses"

Account credit 60"Settlements with suppliers and contractors"

2,000 rub.– for the cost of services of a third-party transport organization without “input” VAT.

• Debit account 19

  Account credit 60"Settlements with suppliers and contractors"

  360 rub.– for the amount of “input” VAT on transport services.

• Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-2"Cost of sales"

  Account credit 44"Sale expenses"

  2,000 rub.– for the cost of services of a third-party transport organization.

• Account debit 60"Settlements with suppliers and contractors"

  Credit account 51"Current accounts"

  RUB 2,360– paid for the services of the transport organization.

• Debit account 68"Calculations for taxes and fees"

  Credit account 19“Value added tax on acquired assets”

  360 rub.- the amount of VAT paid (the amount of “input” VAT) is shown as part of tax deductions.

Debit account 51"Current accounts"

Credit account 62"Settlements with buyers and customers"

118,000 rub.– received money from the buyer for delivered products.

Account debit 90"Sales" subaccount 90-9"Profit/loss from sales"

Account credit 99"Profit and loss"

18,000 rub.(= 118,000 rub. – 80,000 rub. – 18,000 rub. – 2,000 rub.) – in the amount arrived from the sale of products.

Table of accounting entries for accounting of finished products.