Building materials for construction interior partitions Quite a lot is offered. But not all of them are suitable for use in multi-storey buildings. Partitions should be as light as possible in order to minimize additional load on the supporting structures of the building. Thus, the choice is narrowed down to masonry materials such as tongue-and-groove slabs and blocks.

The construction of partitions inside already finished housing has certain specifics. It will be necessary not only to accurately mark the location for the construction of the additional wall, but also to prepare a foundation for it, create a vibration-damping layer at the junction points, provide for fastening the blocks to the walls, and properly organize doorways or arches. The ideal geometry and impeccable quality of masonry will be ensured by the masters of the Repair Prestige company. They have to solve the problem of constructing partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs and blocks at almost every facility where redevelopment of premises is planned, and they have mastered the technology to perfection. In favor of concluding an agreement with our company in a short time and excellent quality You can add very affordable prices for this type works

Price list for work on installing partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs

Unlike “flying brigades,” the Repair-Prestige company does not disappear anywhere after the commissioning of the facility. We have been on the market for almost 10 years, and our long-term warranty allows customers not to worry about problems that may arise during the operation of the partitions, which, however, is unlikely.

Blocks or tongue-and-groove slabs?

First of all, it is worth deciding what material to build the partitions from - gypsum blocks or tongue-and-groove slabs. From the point of view of composition, they are identical, but they have different shapes, due to which the technologies for their installation performance characteristics and the cost of partitions vary.

Gypsum block is a regular parallelepiped with smooth edges and right angles. The ideal geometry of products is achieved thanks to a special production technology in which high-temperature treatment is not used. The blocks have high strength characteristics and excellent thermal conductivity.

Tongue-and-groove slab - this is the same block with a thickness of 8 to 10 cm, but equipped with grooves and ridges for joining between structural elements during the installation process. The dimensions of the slabs used for the construction of interior partitions are usually 66.7 x 50 cm. Thanks to the tongue-to-groove joining, the partitions are absolutely even; displacement of the plates relative to each other is an extremely rare phenomenon.

A partition made from blocks will be somewhat cheaper than one made from tongue-and-groove slabs, which cost more. And this is only in the case when the installation is undertaken by professionals who are able to accurately align the blocks along the planes and fix them without distortions and excessive consumption of the adhesive mixture. Such a wall is also thicker, which means the sound insulation will be higher. The downside is that the partition will be heavier due to the thickness of the blocks (hollow blocks can be used as an alternative). A wall made of tongue-and-groove slabs will cost more, but its construction does not require a perfect eye and high professional skills.

Preparing for the construction of a partition

First of all, you need to use laser level mark the walls and floor, marking the boundaries new design. High-quality installation of partitions is possible only on a carefully prepared horizontal surface. Therefore, you should start by cleaning the site where the wall will be erected. Before pouring the area for blocks or slabs, the base is treated with a concrete primer (acrylic, concrete contact or other composition for a similar purpose). It is recommended to apply two layers (the second after the first has dried).

Even with concrete floors their deviation from the horizontal plane is possible. Therefore, the surface is checked by level. Differences of more than 3 mm are leveled with cement mortar. A thin area can be filled with a self-leveling mixture by installing a kind of formwork and using a roller with needles to evenly distribute the composition. Significant differences are eliminated using a semi-dry screed. It is prepared by mixing cement 500 and fine sifted sand in a ratio of 1:3, adding water until a wet mass is obtained. The mass is laid out on the prepared base and checked for level. After drying (1-2 days), the finished site is treated with a primer, just like the floor slab.

To compensate for thermal expansion and vibrations, install cork backing(thickness 4 mm, width 150 mm). This damper tape can be installed with the same adhesive on which the slabs will be mounted.

Photo: electro installation work in the apartment

Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Apartment 1	Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Apartment 2	Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Flat 3
Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Apartment 4	Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Apartment 5	Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Apartment 6

Our profile is QUALITY renovation of apartments, offices, cottages! You can see this for yourself by visiting the Portfolio section. We have created more than 30 photo reports and this is not the limit, our photo gallery is constantly updated.

Laying partitions

The laying of slabs and blocks is carried out staggered, moving away from the coincidence of vertical seams by at least 1/3 of the length of the product. The first row of blocks is placed directly on the prepared site. The slabs are placed with the groove up; before installing the first row, the ridge is sawed off. Using a spatula, glue or mortar is spread onto the tape (for the first row and blocks adjacent to the wall), then onto the block itself. The seating of structural elements is achieved by tapping with a hammer through a block or a special hammer with a rubber pad. The excess adhesive composition squeezed out during this process is removed.

Every second row and every second slab (block) of the first row is attached respectively to the walls and floor using perforated metal corners. Wood screws are used for fastening to blocks and slabs; dowel screws or anchors are used for walls and floors. The gap between the top row and the ceiling is foamed and leveled.

Tongue-and-groove partitions allow you to obtain a stable flat surface. They are a good alternative to plasterboard walls, they are easy to install and low in cost. Thanks to the tongue-and-groove connection system, the joining points of the elements become invisible. Due to this, you can skip the putty step, immediately prime and proceed to finishing.

Types of partitions

Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs, depending on the material of manufacture, are divided into:

• Silicate ones are made on the basis of quicklime and water with the addition of quartz sand. The mixture is pressed and kept in an autoclave. They do not burn and have high sound insulation performance. Compared to gypsum types, such structures are more durable and resistant to moisture.
• GGP partitions are made on the basis of gypsum with the addition of plasticizers. They are divided into moisture-resistant (green) and moisture-unresistant. The installation of such partitions can be done in any room, including children's rooms. Gypsum is environmentally friendly, non-flammable, and has good sound insulation.

They are made hollow and monolithic. Hollow material is lightweight, but it will not be possible to hang massive shelves, lamps, etc. on it. Solid ones can withstand heavy loads.

Installation of slabs for partitions is carried out after the construction of all load-bearing structures, but before laying the subfloor and before starting finishing work.

DIY installation

Installation of partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs is done with your own hands or with the involvement of professional builders. The material has high thermal insulation, so it can be installed not only inside the room, but also close to cold walls in contact with the street.

The technology for installing tongue-and-groove partitions is quite simple. The main thing is to install the structure level and secure the elements tightly together.

If it is necessary to hide communications without installing grooves, double partition technology is used. The disadvantage is that they take up 2 times more space.

At sub-zero temperatures, installation is carried out using frost-resistant adhesives.

Tools

All necessary tools and materials must be prepared in advance so that during the work process you are not distracted by a trip to the store for missing copies.

It is necessary to assemble the following devices for installing interior partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs:

• felt seal;
• tongue-and-groove slabs;
• damper tape, twine;
• cement, sand, gypsum for preparing the solution;
• special glue for tongue-and-groove slabs or tile adhesive;
• primer;
• building level, tape measure;
• pencil, ruler;
• fastening elements: screws, anchors, staples;
• rubber mallet, spatula, hacksaw;
• drill, screwdriver, construction mixer.

Consumables should be selected in accordance with the recommendations of the tongue-and-groove slab manufacturer.

Preparatory work

When installing tongue-and-groove partitions in a new house, you need to check the location of the floor and ceiling according to the horizontal level. Protruding parts of the surface are cleaned by grinding. Cracks and depressions are filled with cement-sand mortar.

The floor and ceiling must be prepared so that the tongue-and-groove slabs fit snugly against them. Before installing partitions, all surfaces that will come into contact with them are treated with a primer.

When installing partitions during current repairs Markings are made on the floor, ceiling, and walls. Mark the location of the partition with a line. Remove all finishing materials from surfaces several millimeters wider than the markings indicate. Firmly held ceramic tiles do not need to be dismantled.

At a height of 30 cm from the floor, a string is pulled, which will indicate the level of the partition. Along the line of contact of the partition with the surfaces, a damper seal is glued: felt impregnated with bitumen or a cork backing. The width must correspond to the thickness of the slab.

Construction of the first row

The location of the entire structure will depend on the correct installation of the first row. Here is information on how to make a partition from tongue-and-groove blocks.

Step-by-step installation instructions:

1. For tongue-and-groove slabs that will be located in the first row, the lower ridges are cut off using a hacksaw.
2. Glue is applied to the vertical and horizontal parts of the sealing material.
3. Place a perforated bracket on that part of the slab groove that will be adjacent to the wall, so that the fasteners protrude a few centimeters.
4. Fasten the bracket to the wall using dowels or self-tapping screws.
5. Place the slab with the groove up, press it tightly against the wall and floor, check that it is level, and tap it with a rubber mallet.
6. From the installation side of the next slab, a bracket is inserted into the groove and secured to the floor using dowels.
7. After the adhesive has set, install the next slab and secure it with a bracket to the floor.
8. Each subsequent block is mounted after the glue has set on the previous one.

The adhesive composition is applied to the side joints so that the distance between the plates does not exceed 2 mm. Excess glue that appears is immediately wiped off; after hardening, removing drips will be problematic.

When erecting walls from PGP, maximum attention is paid to the installation of the first row. The quality of its installation will determine the reliability and appearance the entire structure.

Construction of the remaining rows

The second and subsequent rows are mounted with offset seams. The first slab of the second row is sawn in half. The row starts from half a block. Staples are attached to the sections of tongue-and-groove blocks adjacent to the wall.

The adhesive composition is diluted so that it is more liquid than what was used for the first row. Apply the adhesive composition to the bottom and side joints of each slab. Using this technology, the entire wall is assembled.

Be sure to check the horizontal and vertical levels after installing each block.

Installing the last row

According to the technology, there should be a compensation gap of 2 mm between the ceiling and the blocks of the top row.

Staples are attached to the upper grooves of the last row with glue. Install the block and screw the bracket to the ceiling using dowels. If the slab is larger than the remaining distance, it is cut to the required size.

After the glue has hardened, the seam between the ceiling and the wall is blown out polyurethane foam. When it hardens, cut off the excess with a knife.

Technology for installing partitions with doorways

When the partition design includes a doorway, you need to think about how to strengthen the rows that will be located above the opening.

If there is only one row of slabs above an opening up to 800 mm wide, then it is permissible to mount them on top door frame or temporary support.

In the case where the opening is wider than 800 mm or several rows will be laid above it, you will need to install a reliable lintel made of a thick wooden beam with a section of 50 x 50 mm or a metal channel 35.

Partitions made of PGP with the arrangement of a doorway are mounted using a technology similar to the construction of a solid wall. The difference is that when markings are made, the location of the opening is noted, the wall turns out to be divided.

Lintels above the doorway:

1. When the row reaches the upper level of the opening, cutouts about 50 mm deep are made in the blocks on both sides. The width of the cutout is equal to the thickness of the timber or channel.
2. Lubricate the blocks with glue and insert the jumper.
3. After the adhesive composition has hardened, the upper rows of blocks are installed.

If you plan to install in the partition interior door, the box under it can be mounted both at the stage of wall construction and subsequently.

Strengthening corners

To external corners turned out at 90 degrees and did not collapse under mechanical stress, they are strengthened using perforated corner 3 x 3 cm.

Instructions for attaching corners:

1. Using a spatula, apply putty to the surface of the corner and press the steel corner to it. Press it along its entire length.
2. If the length is not enough, take another strip and overlap it by 3 cm.
3. Apply a layer of putty on top using an angle spatula.

By internal corners lay a serpyanka tape. If it does not have a self-adhesive base, it is attached using the same technology as a perforated corner.

From serpyanka to self-adhesive base remove protective layer and glue it along the entire length of the corner.

Electrical wiring in partitions

After the partition is installed, it may be necessary to install sockets or switches. For device hidden wiring mark the location of elements electrical system, make a groove for the wires and holes for the boxes.

Technological cavities inside hollow partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs can be used for laying electrical wiring. To make it more convenient to lay wires in horizontal channels, blind holes are made on the sides.

They stretch wires, connect sockets and switches. Seal the holes with putty.

The distance between the grooves should not be less than 10 cm.

Finishing walls from tongue-and-groove slabs

Like any material, walls made of tongue-and-groove slabs need finishing. Materials for its construction are chosen depending on functional purpose premises.

It is appropriate to lay ceramic tiles in the kitchen and bathroom. For living room and bedrooms will do finishing decorative plaster, wallpaper, painting with water-based paints.

Painting

Before painting, the surface is puttied with fine-grained compounds, allowing you to get a perfect smooth surface. After drying, rub the surface with a fine sanding mesh. Apply two layers of primer.

Prepare the paint desired shade obtained by adding colors.

Start painting. Apply the paint with a roller, making sure that the layer is even. Several coats of paint may be required.

Wallpapering

Cover the surface with a primer and apply a thin layer of plaster or putty.

Wallpapering is done according to the usual pattern. Dilute the glue, cut off a strip of wallpaper to the required length. Apply glue to the wallpaper and wall. Apply the strip and smooth it with a rubber roller, expelling air bubbles.

When decorating with wallpaper, there should be no drafts in the room.

Laying tiles

Finishing ceramic tiles does not require preliminary preparation surfaces.

Instructions for laying tiles:

• the surface of the partition is cleared of construction debris;
• the protrusions are cleaned with sandpaper;
• depressions and cracks are filled with cement mortar;
• for better adhesion of materials, the wall is covered with two layers of primer;
• laying tiles.

Since the gypsum surface absorbs water, the surface after installation of the tiles is not touched for 3-5 days.

You can see how to install tongue-and-groove blocks in the video:

A partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs is very easy to assemble and represents reliable design. Finishing Such a surface can be made with any materials you like.

T technological map for the installation of partitions
from tongue-and-groove slabs

Routing
(TTK)

Explanatory note

2012

1 area of ​​use

The technological map has been developed for the installation of partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs in buildings and structures for various purposes.

The material for the manufacture of tongue-and-groove slabs is gypsum. The surface of partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs is suitable for any finishing and does not require the application of a leveling plaster layer. Application of lime paints and paints based on liquid glass is not allowed.

When linking a technological map to a specific object and construction conditions, the following is specified:

Scope of work performed;

Work schedule and duration;

Quantitative composition of units and means of mechanization.

The technological map has been developed in accordance with current Russian and departmental documents:

Table 1

Permissible deviations of partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs

	Permissible deviations during finishing
	simple	improved	high quality
Surface irregularities (detected when applying a rule or template 2 m long)	No more than 3 mm in depth or convexity up to 5 mm	No more than 2 mm deep or convex up to 3 mm	No more than 2 mm deep or convex up to 2 mm
Vertical surface deviation	15 mm for the entire height of the room	1 mm per 1 m height, but not more than 10 mm over the entire height of the room	1 mm per 1 m height, but not more than 6 mm over the entire height of the room

5. Need for material and technical resources

The need for machines, mechanisms, tools and devices for installing partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs is determined taking into account the volume of work performed, purpose and technical characteristics according to the table.

table 2

List of requirements for machines, mechanisms, tools and devices

	Name	Type, brand, GOST	Technical specifications	Purpose
	Cord breaker device
	Device "Metrostat"
				Masonry control
				Masonry control
	Rubber hammer			Installing the slab in the design position
				For storing the solution
	Putty knife ( different kinds)			Application adhesive solution, leveling the surface of the partition
	Manual grinding device			Surface grinding
				Slab adjustment
	Roughing plane
	Furrowmaker			Strobe device
	Electric drill
	Attachment for an electric drill for making large-diameter holes
	Metal scissors			Installation management is entrusted to experienced engineering and technical workers who are responsible for the safe organization of installation work. Cranes, lifting mechanisms and auxiliary devices used during installation work must meet the established requirements of the inspection rules of Gosgortekhnadzor. Before the start of installation work and periodically during work, all used rigging and installation devices (slings, traverses, etc.) must be surveyed and inspected in accordance with the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Load-Lifting Cranes. Workers at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination and safety training and have the appropriate certificates are allowed to carry out installation work. Installers, welders and other workers involved in the installation of the main structures of the house must be provided with proven safety belts. In the area (occupancy) where installation work is being carried out, other work and the presence of unauthorized persons are not allowed. During breaks in work, it is not allowed to leave raised structural elements hanging. Unslinging parts during unloading or loading is allowed only after checking their stability. On floors, scaffolding and scaffolding, only assembly, installation and fitting are allowed. Work on the production of missing parts on scaffolding and scaffolding is not allowed. Before performing installation work, it is necessary to establish a procedure for the exchange of conditioned signals between the person supervising the installation and the driver (motor operator). All signals are given by only one person (the foreman of the installation team, the team leader, the rigger-slinger), except for the “Stop” signal, which can be given by any worker who notices an obvious danger. Installation of structures of each subsequent tier (section) of a building or structure should be carried out only after all elements of the previous tier (section) have been securely fastened according to the project. Hanging metal stairs with a height of more than 5 m must be fenced with metal arches with vertical connections and securely attached to the structure or equipment. Raising workers hanging stairs to a height of more than 10 m is allowed if the stairs are equipped with rest areas at least every 10 m in height. 7. Technical and economic indicators The composition of the link for installing partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs is given in the table Bricklayer

The costs of labor and machine time for installing partitions are calculated according to the “Unified Standards and Prices for Construction, Installation and Repair Work”, put into effect in 1987; collection E1 “In-building transport work”, collection E3 “Stone work” and are presented in the table.

To calculate labor costs and machine time, gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs with dimensions of 667×500×100 were used.

The calculation provides for the supply of two-thirds of the blocks and mortar using a jib crane from the ceiling to the workplace. Supplying materials with a lift to the floors with a real map not taken into account.

Table 4

Calculation of labor costs and machine time for the installation of partitions

	Justification (ENiR and other standards)	Name technological processes		Scope of work	Standard time		Labor costs
					workers, person-hours		workers, person-hours	driver, person-hour (machine operation, machine hours)
		Transportation of slabs by hand trucks
		Transportation of solution by hand trucks
		Transportation of slabs
		Transporting the solution onto the scaffolding
		Installation of partitions

Duration of work on installing partitions wall blocks from cellular concrete is determined calendar plan production of work according to the table.

Main technical and economic indicators

Scope of work:

Partitions made of foam concrete blocks made of cellular concrete 100 m 2

Labor costs for the entire scope of work, man-hour 59.72

Output per worker per shift, m 2 12

Table 5

Schedule of work for installing partitions

Prepared by NGO specialistsAbout "Construction Technologies"



Hello to all readers and blog visitors.
Just the other day I was considering the topic of partitions from. This became a reason for discussing other modern options, for example, construction partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Moreover, I myself really like this option, and perhaps I will use it in a house that...

Tongue-and-groove slabs are a convenient, practical, economical building material for the quick construction of partitions

I want to ask you one question. Tell me, can two people install a partition of 20-30 m2 in one day? They can. If gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs were used for the installation of partitions. Yes, perhaps I even thought about 2 people, and one can handle it. Why so sure? With just my own hands I built the walls of a house from expanded clay blocks, and the tongue-and-groove slab weighs a little more, at least hollow - I already held it in my hands while studying it in a construction hypermarket. But this is not the only issue. With my usual pedantry, I studied the issue regarding these slabs, now I will share it, and you will see for yourself. Looking ahead a little, I will say that despite the apparent simplicity of the masonry (due to the magic grooves), nevertheless, the result will be successful only if they correct use.

The most popular material for the device interior partitions in apartments or residential buildings are: brick, slag concrete, expanded clay concrete, gas silicate blocks, drywall, and today the hero of the article is becoming no less popular - plaster tongue-and-groove slabs (GWP). The choice of the most optimal option depends on the specifics of the work. For example, they are more often erected where the structural fencing requires special strength and increased sound insulation. Yes, that's just the construction brick partition, as well as its subsequent finishing and gating is very painstaking work. But you really want to make your task easier and choose the best option, especially when you do everything in your own hands. In general, my motto in this regard is “ minimum body movements, with greater efficiency". And for this you need to choose the right material and technology. And tongue-and-groove slabs fit my motto in the best possible way.

Construction of a partition from PGP

Structures made of expanded clay concrete, slag concrete and are inexpensive. And by the way, due to their size, gas silicate blocks are also laid quite quickly, plus they are even lighter than tongue-and-groove slabs (but at the same time less durable). But they however require plastering. And expanded clay and slag concrete are also not ideal in terms of environmental friendliness. In addition, all of the listed options do not have these magical grooves due to which the masonry turns out to be perfectly even. In general, when speed and ease of construction are paramount for us and there is neither the desire nor the means for it, and with the condition that in the future there are no plans to hang heavily on the walls heavy elements interior (for example, a 100-liter boiler), then a tongue-and-groove plate would be a very good option.

Characteristics of tongue-and-groove slabs

So what is tongue-and-groove gypsum board and what is the technology for its production? The PGP is a monolithic block with dimensions of 667 x 500 mm and a thickness of 80/100 mm with ridges and grooves along the joining and supporting surfaces. Its weight may vary from 20 to 37 kg, it depends on the type of product and thickness. The technology for producing GGP is quite simple. A solution of gypsum and water of a certain thickness is poured into a special “gypsum cooker”, where the water gradually evaporates and the solution thickens. Next, the resulting mass is poured into molds and sent to the drying chamber, where the material hardens through the hydration reaction of the gypsum binder.

The tongue-and-groove slabs are dried. They are all so white and slender, I just want to take them to my place, to my house)

Then ready-made slabs stand for at least another day. The result is an environmentally friendly product that is not hazardous to health. Which is odorless, does not contain any toxic compounds, is characterized by increased vapor permeability and is, as it were, a regulator of the humidity regime in the room, like all products made from pure gypsum.

Gypsum tongue-and-groove boards are fire-resistant. Their soundproofing characteristics meet all GOST standards for interior partitions (41 dBA). Among other things, on the smooth and even surface of walls made of tongue-and-groove slabs, after the joints have been erected and puttyed, you can immediately glue wallpaper, and after complete puttying, paint it.

Bathroom partitions made of plaster PGP slabs

Manufacturers, price

GGPs are produced by many companies, the leaders of which are considered to be the well-known, good old one, as well as "BelGIPS", "Volma" And Peshelansky gypsum plant. One of the important factors of these slabs compared to other wall building materials is their relatively low high price – 150-260 rub. a piece. Full-bodied ones are more expensive. In order not to be unfounded, I’ll visit my favorite online right now Leroy Merlin(by the way, there is also a favorite Baucenter, but since it is not in all cities, so I’m citing Leroy), you can see the prices in the screenshot (2019).

The price of tongue-and-groove slabs on the Leroy online storefront

And by the way, they are all quite positive reviews, however, some people complain a little about the geometry (slabs from the Angarsk plant). But here, as elsewhere, it depends on the manufacturer, so pay attention to this when purchasing. But everyone unanimously declares - speed and ease of construction of partitions! What else do you need, strength? They are quite durable, at least stronger than the gas silicate slabs that are also fashionable today. But they are inferior to brick, yes. But we know that construction options that are ideal in all respects do not exist in nature, there are only optimal options in relation to a given situation. But now it’s time to discuss the pros and cons of these plates.

Pros and cons of tongue-and-groove slabs

Like any building material, these slabs have their pros and cons, let's see what's more.

Pros:

1. Do not contain toxic substances and components.
2. Not flammable, fireproof.
3. They have increased gas and vapor permeability.
4. Partitions made from these slabs are easy and quick to erect.
5. Easy processing(easily planed, drilled, sawn).
6. The front side does not need additional. plastering.
7. After finishing the seams, the surface can be immediately tiled, wallpapered and, in some cases, painted.
8. Small price.

Minuses:

1. Not suitable for load-bearing walls/partitions.
2. Manufacturers suggest using it only in buildings where all shrinkage processes have already completed (in principle, this is also true for other materials).

Have you considered the pros and cons? Draw your own conclusions.

Types of tongue-and-groove slabs

On Russian markets There are two main types of GLP: standard and moisture resistant(hydrophobized), which include special additives that reduce moisture absorption (not higher than 5%). The former are used in rooms with a normal and dry climate (no higher than 60% humidity), the latter are preferably in toilets, bathrooms and other “wet” rooms where the humidity exceeds 60%.

Note: in rooms with high humidity Manufacturers recommend using moisture-resistant tongue-and-groove boards. Finished partitions made of PGP are covered with ceramic tiles, and waterproofing is applied to the area of ​​foreseeable exposure to moisture.

It is worth noting here that some manufacturers paint moisture-resistant boards in the manufacturing process. green color, while others apply markings confirming this. But one way or another, there is an easy way to find out which slab in front of you is moisture resistant or not. Of course, just spray water on it. If drops roll off the surface (display of water-repellent properties) and are not absorbed, this is a water-repellent board.

Among other things, both standard and moisture-resistant GGP can be full and hollow. The latter are practically in no way inferior to the full-bodied ones in terms of strength, but they are 25% lighter, and in addition, they are lower in price. For example, the mass of a solid block from Volma, 667 x 500 x 80 mm, weighs 26-28 kg, while the mass of an identical but hollow block is 20-22 kg. Or mass Peshelanskaya a solid slab of the same dimensions weighs 28-30 kg, and a hollow slab weighs 24-26.

Installation of partitions from hollow tongue-and-groove slabs

Knowing this feature and using lightweight slabs, you can increase productivity by reducing the labor intensity of work, and at the same time reduce the load on the floor, or save, for example, on transportation by increasing the number of GWP blocks in one machine.

Installation of partitions from KNAUF tongue-and-groove slabs

The entire technology of laying/installing the PGP is presented step by step as follows (taking into account the recommendations of the manufacturers themselves):

Installation gypsum boards KNAUF

Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs are used not only for the construction of interior partitions, but also For interior decoration external walls. In both cases, work with them begins only after the construction of all enclosing and load-bearing structures of the building, but before laying the finished floor.

In winter, installation of slabs can be carried out even in unheated rooms, provided that the temperature is not lower than 5 o C. Please note that the slabs require acclimatization, so they must lie in the room being repaired for at least 4 hours.

The construction of partitions from PGP is somewhat reminiscent of the assembly children's construction set Lego. Important condition installation means correctly combining each element and strictly observing the vertical and horizontal position of the rows of blocks. Confidence in the strength of the structure is guaranteed by assembly adhesive prepared from mixtures recommended by the manufacturer of the boards.

Note: for fastening various kinds Items placed on tongue-and-groove partitions must comply with a number of requirements. When hanging hanging shelves, sanitary and other appliances (weight load from 30 to 100 kg), special corrosion-resistant anchors are used that pass through the entire thickness of the walls. When hanging pictures, mirrors, small shelves with a weight load of up to 30 kg, you can use ordinary plastic anchor dowels. If necessary, place different engineering communications on partitions made of PGP, or in order to increase sound insulation, it is preferable to erect a double partition. In this case, the first to be erected is the partition to which the engineering equipment or soundproofing material.

To improve your understanding of the installation of tongue-and-groove slabs, you can watch this video from the manufacturer himself, everything is very detailed and clear:

Installation errors

If a partition made of these slabs “rattles” or allows sounds to pass through when struck lightly, this indicates that some mistakes were made during their installation. For example, exceeded to the limit permissible dimensions partitions. They should be: 4.5 x 6 m for slabs with a thickness of 100 mm and 3.6 x 6 m for slabs with a thickness of 80 mm.

Another one of possible errors – rigid connection of the partition with the adjacent structure(should only be using mounting adhesive), which is only possible in those rooms where there are no standard conditions for sound insulation.

And finally, there may be such an option - the partition is poorly attached when the slabs are elastically connected (through the gasket). The technology for installing tongue-and-groove blocks suggests using, in addition to glue, special staples– 100 x 120 x 20 mm. It is worth noting here that the density of the elastic cork gasket must be at least 250 kg/m3, thickness - 5 mm. Instead of cork, you can use a pad made of bumized felt with a density of at least 300 kg/m 3, also 5 mm thick. And if you did everything strictly according to the instructions, then installation errors are excluded.

Video of installation of partitions from PGP

For many it is easier to see once than to read 10 times. One video is good, but two or three are better in order to better understand the material.

This video shows the process of laying slabs on glue:

And in this video there are details on sawing:

And finally, applying putty on the surface of the slabs:

“I worked in many places, mastered a lot of skills. From construction to programming. And by profession I am an ecologist. A few years ago I took a plot of land and began to actively study the construction business in theory and practice. Now the house is standing, and I write articles :)”

When remodeling an apartment or building a private house, you have to install new partitions. Selecting material for them is not so easy. It should not create excessive load on the floor, must be reliable and have good bearing capacity. It is also desirable that the installation be simple and quick, and the price low. There are not many materials and technologies that meet these requirements. These are tongue-and-groove slabs. In this article we will talk about tongue-and-groove ridges.

What kind of material is this and its types

Tongue-and-groove slabs (abbreviated as GGP) or blocks are a large-format building material for the construction of partitions in the form of a slab, at the ends of which a ridge (tenon) and groove are formed. Hence the name - tongue-and-groove slabs. They are:

Plasticizers and hydrophobic (water-repellent) additives are added to the solution to improve properties. Gypsum gypsum boards have another name - gypsum boards. It is understandable: the gypsum solution is poured into molds. Here is the “source” of this variant of the name.

Moisture resistance and hollowness

Depending on the area of ​​use, tongue-and-groove slabs can be intended for normal operating conditions (ordinary, standard) or for wet rooms (moisture-resistant). Moisture-resistant ones are tinted greenish for better identification.

Both gypsum and silicate tongue-and-groove slabs are either solid or hollow. Solid ones are more durable; hollow ones, due to their lower weight, create less load on the floors. The choice between solid and hollow must be made based on several factors:

• Soundproofing characteristics. Monolithic material without voids conducts sounds better, so it is used if sound insulation will be made in a separate layer (the best option) or if it is not so important.
• Loads on partitions. If you need to hang shelves, furniture, or attach any heavy objects, it is better to use a monolith.
. On wooden floors or on old ones wooden floors It is better to install less heavy (hollow) blocks.

If several factors need to be taken into account, sound insulation is considered last. You can increase noise protection by using a special installation technology (on vibration-damping pads), as well as by adding an additional layer of sound-proofing materials.

Specifications

If we compare conventional and moisture-resistant tongue-and-groove slabs, the differences in characteristics are only in water absorption and strength. Moisture resistant due to more hydrophobic additives, they almost do not absorb moisture. Because of large number These additives are more expensive, since these additives are expensive. At the same time, they increase strength (M50 compared to M35).

By the way, you can check “without leaving the checkout” whether what you have in front of you is really moisture-resistant PGP or just standard ones painted green. Just pour some water on the surface. Standard slabs will quickly absorb it, but on water-repellent slabs it will remain in a puddle for a long time.

If we compare gypsum and silicate partition blocks, the increased strength of the latter immediately catches the eye - M150 compared to M50 and M35. That is, the strength of silicate slabs is comparable to concrete of a good grade. If you are going to hang something very heavy on the partition, it is better to use silicate. Manufacturers also produce blocks 115 mm thick, which are called inter-apartment blocks.

How else do silicate slabs differ from their gypsum counterparts? Because the standard version does not have such a high absorbency. It is not as low as that of moisture-resistant blocks, but this material can be used in any wet areas(13% compared to 26-32%). The disadvantages of this material are greater weight (with equal dimensions) and lower thermal insulation characteristics.

Silicate or gypsum?

If we compare the soundproofing characteristics of gypsum blocks and silicate ones, the latter, with equal parameters, conduct sounds worse (40-43 dB for gypsum and 48-52 dB for silicate). So for better sound insulation choose silicate.

But silicate blocks of the same size have greater weight and higher thermal conductivity (they conduct heat better). Weight is key in the choice, since sound and thermal insulation can be improved with additional layers special materials, but there is no way to reduce the weight of the partition. And if its mass is critical for the overlap, nothing good can be expected.

How to build with tongue-and-groove slabs

In order for a partition made of tongue-and-groove blocks to be reliable and stable, certain conditions must be met:

In general, it is necessary to strictly follow all recommendations and strictly follow the technology. Then tongue-and-groove partitions do not differ in strength and reliability from brick ones, but are erected many times faster.

Marking

The laying of the tongue-and-groove wall begins with markings. If you have a laser plane builder, everything is simple: unfold the plane, draw lines on the floor, walls, ceiling. If there is no such tool, you will have to spend more time. A plumb line will be required. The one that won't fit in a smartphone is not measuring tool. It's better to buy from hardware store or make it from twine and a centered weight.

We draw the first line on the ceiling and use a plumb line to transfer it to the floor. By connecting the points on the floor and ceiling, we get lines on the walls. As a result, a closed marking was formed to align the partition.

We inspect the base on which we will place the blocks. It should be perfectly aligned when viewed along the partition line, and should not fall forward or backward when viewed across.

If there are door or window openings in the partition, they must also be marked. With doors everything is simple - we mark them on the floor. It’s more difficult with windows - you need beacons on the walls and ceiling.

Preparing the base

As already said, the base must be perfectly level without tilting in any direction. If there are deviations, fill the concrete floor with a leveling screed (not lower than M150). To do this, you will have to assemble the formwork into which the solution is poured. Minimum thickness layer - 3 cm. To get a guaranteed high-quality result, use a self-leveling composition. Just keep in mind that the errors “correct themselves” are not too large. You still need to distribute the composition manually. Simply run a spatula, dispersing the solution along the entire length, and small irregularities are leveled out due to the increased fluidity of the material.

Cover the poured concrete with polyethylene and leave it for about a week. This is if the room temperature does not drop below +20°, during which time it will gain 50% strength. This means that you can work with it. If the temperature is lower, the period increases. At a temperature of 17°C and slightly lower, it takes 2 weeks... Flat base We coat it with concrete contact - it will improve the adhesion of the base to the adhesive composition on which we will place the PGP.

If tongue-and-groove blocks We will place it on a wooden floor, the partition should go over the beam - this is it. Second, we level the base using dry timber. It must be secured so that it is also horizontally aligned in all directions. We fasten the timber to the floor with nails or self-tapping screws. If there is a joint, we connect it into half a tree, additionally coating the joint with wood glue and fastening it with nails.

To improve sound insulation

The main disadvantage of gypsum tongue-and-groove partitions is that the sound insulation is not very high. The situation with silicate blocks is better, but also not ideal. Therefore, we recommend laying vibration-absorbing tape around the perimeter of the partition. It is no secret that most sounds are transmitted through vibrations through the floor, ceiling and adjacent walls and elastic gaskets significantly improve the situation.

Under tongue-and-groove slabs, you can use a strip of bituminized felt or cork with a density of 250-300 kg/m³. The width of the strip is slightly less than the width of the blocks. It is laid on a leveled base using the same binder that you will use to seal the seams between the slabs. The solution is applied to the surface treated with concrete contact (after drying) in a layer of 2-3 mm. Lay the tape by rolling it with a roller, expelling air bubbles. The protruding solution is removed with a spatula. In this way, the tape is glued to the floor, walls, and ceiling. Levelness is checked using a bubble level.

Preparing slabs for installation

If silicate tongue-and-groove slabs are used, no preparation is required - their upper and lower surfaces do not have a groove/ridge. They are absolutely smooth (as in the photo below).

When working with a gypsum tongue-and-groove, first you need to decide whether you will place the blocks with the tongue or groove facing up. It is more convenient to work when the groove is directed upward, but the reverse position is not a mistake.

If you decide to lay the PGP with the groove up, you need to cut off the tenon on all blocks of the first row. The most convenient way to do this is with a hacksaw. The resulting cut is uneven. We level it using a plane.

Note! The cut of the slab must be absolutely even. This determines how firmly the wall of tongue-and-groove slabs will stand. And the cut tongue-and-groove slabs must be the same height.

The seam between the blocks does not exceed 2 mm, so it is almost impossible to correct even small deviations. Therefore, we align carefully and carefully. After leveling, the dust is swept away with a brush and you can begin to build the wall.

First row

The sequence of actions when laying a wall made of tongue-and-groove slabs is simple and very similar to a brick one. There are only some features. Since the partition is usually adjacent to the wall, if a tenon is turned towards it, it is cut off with a saw, the surface is leveled with a plane, and the dust is removed. The next procedure is as follows:

In this way the entire row is lined up. The last slab usually has to be trimmed. This could be the beginning of a doorway or simply the last slab in a row. Its length should be 3-4 mm less than the remaining gap - the seam gap. You should not increase the gap - stability will decrease. For greater confidence, the joint can be reinforced with a metal corner. Two or three corners for each row. It's enough.

Second and subsequent

Tongue-and-groove slabs are laid with staggered seams - like bricks. The shift of the second row can be half or a third of the length. The best option is half. We cut half of the whole slab, cut off the tenon if necessary, and install it. Further masonry is no different. The third row again starts with a whole block, the fourth with a half, etc.

After laying each block, check whether it is positioned correctly. With such block sizes, the error accumulates very quickly. Therefore, we first check each installed block with a level for verticality/horizontalness. and then, placing the bar horizontally, grabbing the adjacent blocks and moving them from top to bottom, make sure there are no gaps. We also check that there are no deviations in the vertical plane.

Control of verticality and horizontality is one of the main tasks

Corner

If the wall being built from tongue-and-groove blocks has outside corner, we start laying from there. To make the work easier, we create a corner support. This could be a corner with fairly wide shelves or two boards connected at 90°C. We put the structure in place, check the correct installation, and temporarily fix it to the ceiling and floor.

We cut off the side tenon of one of the slabs, rest its edge against the installed stop, level it, using a mallet to set the direction. We also cut off the side tenon of the second slab, apply glue to this edge, and join it to the side surface installed slab, tap until there is tight contact (diagram in the figure above).

To install the second row, you need to make a cut in the already installed slab for the lower tenon of the next block. We take a hacksaw for metal and make cuts. Then, using a wall chaser (a tool for working with foam concrete, but it is also useful for laying wiring in the PGP) or any hard tool, we remove the excess, align the groove, making it the same size and shape as the groove. Using a brush or construction vacuum cleaner remove dust.

We place the second row starting from the other side - so that the seam is on the other side of the corner. Apply the solution to the end of the lower block. We take half of the block, cut off the side tenon, and install the bottom one in the prepared groove (far right diagram in the figure below). He must also rest against installed corner. We carefully align the installed tongue-and-groove slabs, checking for verticality and the absence of even the slightest deviation.

Branch

We also need to consider the branch from the partition at a right angle. The partitions will be more reliable if they are made with ligation (middle diagram in the figure). All three slabs that are being installed have the side tenon cut off. The joints are coated with adhesive, and the three blocks are driven close to each other with a mallet. In this case, it is also necessary to ensure that the partition is perpendicular - that is, the angle is 90°.

We line up the second row so that the middle of the block is above the junction. To install it, you will also need to make a groove in the protrusions of the lower block. These rows are then alternated.

There is another way to install a T-shaped partition from a tongue-and-groove - without ligation. To do this, simply lay out the wall (which in the letter T is the top crossbar). Attach a second partition to the finished wall, end-to-end (left diagram in the figure above). To increase the reliability of the connection, metal reinforced perforated corners are installed at the junction.

Doorway

A doorway in a wall made of tongue-and-groove slabs can be made with or without a reinforcing beam. It can be done without a reinforcing beam if the width of the opening does not exceed half the length of the block. Thus, a doorway 900 mm wide can be made without a beam if the ceiling is made of 900 mm long PGP. Moreover, the joint of the plates should be located almost in the middle. A slight shift is allowed (by 10 mm), but so that the length of the entire part of the block to the right and left of the opening is not less than 445 mm.

During installation, before the glue sets, the lintel above the door is reinforced with a stop (a board supported by a pole resting on the floor) or a structure assembled from boards as in right diagram. In this case, first assemble a U-shaped lintel from boards and secure it with self-tapping screws to the blocks located below (check the horizontality of the lintel). Apply a block and mark how it needs to be cut. It turns out two L-shaped blocks of the same or almost identical sizes. Applying in in the right places solution, they are installed.

If we use tongue-and-groove slabs 667 mm long, a reinforcing beam must be installed under an opening larger than 660 mm. To make a beam, you can use a metal corner, channel, reinforcement, or strips of metal of considerable thickness. It is possible to use dry wooden beams with a thickness of 50 mm or more (pre-treat with an antiseptic). The beam should protrude 400-450 mm beyond the doorway.