Heating the bathhouse from a boiler in the house. How to heat a bathhouse - choose options Water heating in a bathhouse from a stove

22.04.2020

Maxim Spiker Sudorgin 7th Guards Red Banner Missile Division

Istra district during the Second World War Snegirevsky military memorial

Since ancient times, the heart of the bathhouse has been the stove. But today the heat in modern steam rooms goes along other paths - sometimes the most unimaginable. So, if the steam room and washing steam room are used cyclically, i.e. from time to time, there is no point in organizing overly complex heating in the bathhouse - it will be enough to install a simple stove and stock up on fuel. But, if the bathhouse is used often and not only for its intended purpose (when they do laundry in it, when there is no bathtub in the house, and if it is a bathhouse), then it will not be possible to heat it with a stove alone all day long - it is too expensive. But the Russian peasant, of course, has a solution to all questions - and today’s baths are heated by anyone in any way possible - with heated floors, and radiators, and with the help of heating mains, and with automatic boilers. We’ll try to figure all this out right now.

By the way, according to many bath attendants, the most budget-friendly and optimal option is not to use a stove for baths and heating with huge units of various types - this is one gas pipe and a wall-mounted boiler. But this system is not suitable for every steam room - a lot depends on the material from which the walls are built and on its total area.

Bath heating system with heated floors

Recently, it has become fashionable to have heated floors in bathhouses as an additional source of heat. The pleasure, of course, is not cheap, but for those who use the steam room all year round, this is a good option. It is not suitable for periodic use - pipes, of course, tolerate freezing normally, but concrete mortar does not do well.

Warm floors - water or infrared - in a bathhouse are most often installed in the relaxation room, wash room and steam room. If the coolant is heated with wood, then this will require approximately 45 watts of electricity for two circulation pumps. Making such a floor is not difficult - to do this, you first need to select the correct diameter of the pipes, calculate the resistance of the circuits and the power of the pump. But the fashionable infrared floor also heats the surrounding objects - and this is its advantage.

A couple of important points about warm water floors in a bathhouse:

Be sure to make two separate circuits - one for the relaxation room, the second for the steam room and washing room. Both circuits have taps so that the temperature can be adjusted as needed. Such floors can be heated with a gas boiler, and it will only be used halfway, or with a wood boiler if the pump is installed at three speed positions.
It is advisable to make the length of the pipes in the loops the same - so that later you do not have to install regulators in each loop. If it turns out that the floors do not heat enough, you can install a more powerful circular pump or heat exchanger.
A security system is also necessary - this is a second circuit and an additional one on the porch of the bathhouse, in order to melt the snow in the winter, and in the summer to remove excess heat.
It is advisable to connect the hot water tank for heated floors to the boiler with copper pipes with a diameter of 22 mm - they are smooth and help increase the speed of water circulation in the system.

Some bath attendants pour antifreeze into this floor instead of water - it is much less afraid of frost.

An electric heated floor is very suitable for a relaxation room - according to statistics, it is the one most often chosen by bathhouse attendants

A warm water floor in a bathhouse is non-toxic, cheap and easy to use. But they use it in combination with other types of heating: radiator, electric and air. What does he look like? Here's how: between the base of the floor and its finishing surface there is a pipe distribution through which hot water (or ethylene glycol, or antifreeze, or the same tasol) circulates. And so that the heat does not escape to the bottom, the entire pipe distribution is initially placed on a heat-insulating material - mineral mats or polystyrene foam with aluminum foil. So the heat flow only goes up and heats the bath well. And, although it is impossible to provide full heating of a bathhouse with the floor alone, even a small one, the floors can heat up to 35 degrees, which is a good addition to the main heating and its savings.

How to make heating in a bathhouse using convectors?

The bathhouse is also heated by convectors - gas and electric. This is much simpler than installing heated floors, but also more expensive, of course. Many people do this: during bathing procedures they use an electric heater or oven, and for the rest of the time they leave the convectors in the “anti-defrosting” mode, which will constantly maintain a temperature of +5+10 degrees. In this case, you don’t have to pay much for electricity.

It is only important in such a system to adhere to safety precautions: the convector must have separate wiring, directly from the panel, the cable must be well insulated and located in a non-flammable channel.

Heating main: to decide or not?

Installing a boiler in a bathhouse is always a bit of a hassle. In a good way, we need a project - and an approved project, and this is bureaucracy. But even without it there are enough problems: it’s expensive, proper installation is needed, various safety measures are needed... That’s why some bathhouse attendants are in favor of installing a heating main from the house. But there are some nuances here that you need to be aware of.

Firstly, there is no guarantee that groundwater will not accumulate at the pipe site at certain times of the year. Secondly, the heating main must be insulated - this is also an expense. Thirdly, if it is necessary to heat a bathhouse in winter in a trench, then all the pipes will have to be laid in a single pipe of a sufficiently large diameter - this is the only way to isolate communications from groundwater. But you can control the heat in the steam room using a simple remote control from home - and this is comfort.

But, no matter what alternative heating method is chosen, the main thing is to calculate everything in advance, and, if possible, invite a specialist: an experienced eye in this matter will not hurt.

The key to a good bath is a properly built stove-stove. This is perhaps the most important attribute of a bathhouse. It is this heating in the bathhouse that will allow you to heat the room, heat the water for bathing and create steam in the steam room. To heat a large sauna, you can install a heating stove. If you don’t know how to heat a bathhouse, but decide to build a steam room, a heater stove would be the best option.

Peculiarities

In summer cottages they build family-type bathhouses for themselves, in which one stove-heater is enough. This type of heating in the bathhouse will take on all the main functions. This is precisely why it is important to observe all the details when building a furnace. It is better to make a small stove-stove. This will save space. At the same time, its heating time will be minimal, and it will give off heat for as long as possible. But the most important thing is what kind of fuel it will be heated with. It's best if the fuel is cheap. Popular - water heating baths.

The steam room is the main room of the bathhouse

High heat capacity will allow you to get good steam for a long time. In addition, dry heat will be used to heat the room and water for washing. To ensure that everything suits you, when heating a bathhouse with your own hands, take into account the ratio of the size of the stove, the room and the purpose of the bathhouse. Make sure that your stay in the bathhouse is as safe as possible for you and your family.

Think through to the smallest detail what materials you will use when building a bathhouse and stove so that they are not flammable. Take a responsible approach to the issue of ventilation. Whether it is gas heating in a bathhouse or electric, this will allow you not to get burned from combustion products.

Operating principle of the furnace

Let's talk a little about how the bathhouse heating system will transfer heat to the outside. If the heat radiation is at its maximum, you risk overheating or getting burned. Also, excess heat negatively affects the condition of the skin. To ensure comfortable conditions in the bathhouse, the stove must release heat using the principle of convection. Hot air comes from the oven and cooled air is supplied.

To achieve this result, the temperature of the furnace walls will be lower. But build the walls of the bathhouse from materials that will reflect infrared rays as much as possible. Heat accumulates well in the wall and in the stone backfill. In order for the stove to give off heat for as long as possible, build its walls thicker.

Types of furnaces

Heater stoves, which are used to heat baths in winter, can be divided according to the type of operation into two categories: continuous and periodic.

A continuous furnace is characterized by a small wall thickness and a small volume of stones. This type of stove has the ability to regulate the temperature both independently and automatically. In this case, the maximum temperature reaches 350 degrees. To heat a stove of this type, it is enough to connect it to electricity. Gas is also suitable as a fuel.

If you decide to use electric heating for the bath, you can adjust the current strength in the heating elements yourself. Do not forget that when installing the stove you are required to install an automatic safety system. If the temperature of the walls exceeds the permissible values, the heating of the bathhouse with electricity will automatically stop supplying electricity.

Also, continuous heater stoves can be heated with coal or wood. Whatever you use to heat your stoves, be it water heating in a bathhouse, remember that it is important to separate the combustion chamber and smoke channels from the backfill.

To do this, you can use a steel sheet or lay cast iron tiles. This way, you will prevent combustion products from entering the bathhouse. It is also an excellent protection for stones from soot deposits. The latter, when in excess, pollutes the air in the bathhouse.

Periodic heater stoves are represented by thick masonry and a large volume of bricks. Thick walls will protect the surfaces of the stove from overheating, and the stove will give off heat for a long time.

This heating in the bath allows you to heat the lower part of the stove to 1100 degrees. Operating at such a high temperature, there is no soot settling as it burns. To save fuel, they use the principle of “black” combustion. In this case, smoke gases pass through the sauna. This heating option is very dangerous. The surface of the stove and walls is covered with soot. As for the “white” version of the firebox, the firebox compartment is covered with a damper. It is allowed to open it after complete combustion of the fuel.

The most ideal fuel for heating a bathhouse can be firewood. It is not advisable to resort to using coal for heating. It is quite difficult to sharply reduce the temperature, which leads to destruction of the internal surfaces in the furnace. And this already violates safety regulations.

To achieve economical use of fuel, it is important that it burns completely.

The shutter is closed during combustion, special attention is paid to the air supply. When it enters, water vapor and carbon dioxide are formed. If there is no air supply, soot deposits will form, resulting in low heat output. The risk of poisoning from combustion products increases. You can also increase the heat transfer coefficient by heating a larger surface. The stove-stove needs to be heated until the walls reach maximum temperature and dry steam begins to be released.

What types of stoves are there? Here are a few of their designs. There are solid fuel stoves that are heated with coal and wood. Liquid fuel, kerosene or fuel oil is suitable as fuel for them. There are models of gaseous fuel stoves. To operate them, you need to have liquefied or natural gas - heating the bathhouse with gas. As well as electric heating ovens.

Warm floors in a bathhouse are a good option for those who use it all year round, who have it at home, and for whom it not only serves its intended purpose, but is also the only bathroom in the house, especially during cold weather. That's when heated floors will make your holiday the sauna is even more enjoyable, especially if you decide to place them also under the main room. Then the warm floors of the steam room will become an excellent additional source of heating.

Advantages of a heated floor for a bath:

The heating system is located inside the floor
Uniform distribution of heat throughout the entire area of the room
At low cost – the ability to heat a large area
Significant savings compared to electric

Warm floors in the bathhouse convenient to use, non-toxic and cheap in cost, but with all this it is necessary to have additional heating sources in the room, such as radiators, since heated floors cannot provide absolute heating of the entire room, especially when severe frosts set in.

What do heated floors look like?? Between the concrete base and its coating itself there is a system of pipes through which water or other heating liquid flows. And in order for all the heat to go upstairs, they are immediately placed on, thus ensuring good sauna heating.

Now we will look at several very important points that you should consider when choosing a stove used to heat a bath. It is advisable to decide in advance what type of fuel the bathhouse will be heated with, it is good if it will be inexpensive, have recently been increasingly used. What kind of sauna stoves are there?:

Permanent action. During the entire use of the steam room, it is necessary to constantly maintain the combustion of fuel.
Periodic action. It is enough to heat them in advance.

Read also: Features of sauna brick stoves

Regardless of the size of the bath, always should be warm enough, and this function is most often performed by the oven, it is it that heats air throughout the room. First, you should decide on the material for the stove, and only then carefully familiarize yourself with the installation technology and rules for operating a sauna stove.

Continuous oven

The main distinguishing feature of the stove permanent action- This is a relatively small layer of masonry and a small number of stones used in masonry. With a stove like this, you will have the ability to regulate the temperature, which can reach up to 360 degrees. To heat such a stove, you only need to ensure its connection to the electrical network. But you can also use gas as fuel.

Batch oven

The main feature of the stove periodic action- this is a thick layer of masonry and a large number of bricks that you will need to lay it out. The large thickness of the walls will protect the surface of the furnace from possible overheating and, due to its high heat capacity, will provide heat for a long time.

This type of heating will allow you to increase the temperature of the lower part of the furnace up to 1000 degrees. Even when such a high temperature is reached, there is no soot settling, since it will all burn out.

The most suitable type of fuel you can use in this type of bath- this is firewood. The use of coal for heating is not encouraged. You should not try to sharply lower the temperature of the oven, as this is dangerous and can cause destruction of the inner surface of the oven due to sudden changes.

Material selection

Think in advance about all the materials that you will use during construction; under no circumstances should they be flammable. Also arrange the necessary room ventilation. There are many materials recommended for the construction of a furnace, but the most popular are brick and steel.

Read also: Stoves for Russian baths with a closed heater

To heat the entire bathhouse, one heater stove is enough for you. Therefore, it can be made small to save space. Typically, periodic brick stoves are used for heating, although there are also those that are adapted for continuous combustion.

The main advantage of a heater stove is that for a long time after heating it will give off heat due to its high heat capacity, despite the fact that its heating time is minimal, it will be able to maintain high temperature in room. To install such a stove, you will need the services of an experienced stove maker, and this will be quite expensive.

Metal stoves mostly work based on the principle of constant action. This material is very thin and therefore cools quite quickly. That is why in such stoves the combustion process is constantly maintained, but it will also warm up much faster than a stone one, all for the same reason. For small baths with a light foundation this perfect option.

Fuel

The next very important point that you should pay attention to is: this is fuel. To fire a sauna, you can use far more than just firewood, as many people think. Of course, burning wood guarantees unique wood aroma and the special warmth of the bathhouse, but making a supply of firewood for the whole winter is not an easy task. Modern technologies can provide us with more convenient energy sources.

To date there are stone ovens, electricity, the same wood, and, of course, liquid fuel. There are also models that combine the use of several types of fuel at once. Of course, you can make a similar oven and with your own hands, but this will require special skills and the necessary experience.

If you use electric heating for a bath, you can adjust the current strength in the heating elements yourself. It is also very important not to forget during installation about installing an automatic protection system that will stop further supply of electricity if the temperature in the furnace becomes higher than the permissible norm.

When choosing fuel, you should pay attention to price and availability, in that firewood is significantly inferior in terms of, because they are very difficult to get, electricity is available to everyone, but it will be more expensive. Liquid fuel is not only flammable, but it will also cost you a lot of money. Gas is cheap, is easy to use, but it is not always possible to get it.

To maintain optimal temperature in all bath rooms, it is best to heat the bath using a heater installed in the steam room. For small-sized baths, consisting of a dressing room, a wash room and a steam room, a single stove, as a rule, is installed in such a way that the heater is located in the steam room, the stove firebox is located in the dressing room, and the storage tank for heated water is located in the wash room.

Simplified bath heating systems

The easiest to manufacture, maintain and operate is the system in which the bath is heated from a stove in the steam room. That is, the stove-heater, which provides maximum heating of the surrounding air and the production of heated steam, is located in a steam room, and its combustion part, through which flammable material is loaded, is taken out to the dressing room. At the same time, due to the implementation of such a design, the bath is heated from the sauna stove simultaneously in both the steam room and the dressing room. In this case, the washing compartment of the bathhouse is heated by placing a hot water tank in it, and, if necessary, an additional heating battery.

The storage tank, located in the washing compartment of the bathhouse, is connected by pipes to a heat exchanger heated by a sauna stove. The water in the storage tank is heated using a circulation pump that pumps water through a heat exchanger located either directly in the fuel combustion area or on the chimney pipe of the stove.

A sauna stove with a heat exchanger for heating and obtaining the required amount of hot water is the most effective and simple way to maintain optimal temperature in all rooms of the sauna.

This combined design is quite economical in terms of fuel consumption, generates a large amount of heat and has a relatively short time to reach operating mode.

Bath stoves and their features

If necessary, a sauna stove with a heating circuit can be quite versatile both in terms of operating mode and the fuel used in it. Such a furnace can be used either in a continuous combustion mode, or in a cyclic mode, with periodic loading of combustible material. Natural gas, wood, charcoal or fuel pellets can be used as fuel. In addition, electric stoves of appropriate power can be used to heat the bath and heat the water.

Continuous combustion furnaces are usually made from steel. Such a furnace heats up quickly and cools down quickly when the fuel supply to it is stopped. Sometimes the surface of steel stoves is lined with decorative non-flammable material, which increases its safety and heat capacity.

Stoves used in cyclic mode for heating a room must have a high heat capacity and the ability to retain heat for a long time after the fuel supply has stopped. They are made from refractory bricks, which have a large mass and high heat capacity. Such an oven, after heating, can maintain a high temperature for quite a long time. The disadvantages of such furnaces include a long time to reach the operating mode, that is, a long time for heating the furnace in a cold state.

To organize the supply of hot water to the bathhouse, as well as for heating the premises, stoves equipped with forced circulation systems of hot water, as well as heat exchangers, are used.

Furnaces equipped with heat exchange devices allow you to successfully solve all the problems of heating a room, heating water, and creating steam. Heating a bathhouse from the heat exchanger of a bathhouse stove can include not only the main rooms of the bathhouse, but also auxiliary ones, for example, a shower room, a relaxation room, a swimming pool, a billiard room, etc.

When designing a stove equipped with heat exchange devices, even at the stage of building a bathhouse, the following should be taken into account:

dimensions of the bathhouse and area of heated premises;
dimensions and weight of the furnace;
specific gravity of the heating device;
the number of heat exchange devices included in the furnace kit;
the total volume and composition of the circulating coolant;
diameter and length of the chimney.

Sauna stoves with a heat exchanger can be connected using heat-insulated pipes:

To a remote tank for heating water used in the washing section of the bathhouse.
To heating radiators located in the service areas of the bathhouse - recreation room, billiard room, etc.
To a hot water supply and water heating system, which includes not only the main and service areas of the bathhouse, but also the living areas of the house.

Stoves for heating baths with wood come with an internal or external heat exchanger. The internal heat exchanger is located in the combustion chamber between the body and the casing. It uses heat obtained directly from the combustion of fuel and heating of the furnace.

An external heat exchanger is installed around the chimney pipe. It uses the heat given off by heated gases when they are removed outside. Due to the increased volume of the external heat exchanger, its operating efficiency increases. Using the heat of gases escaping through the chimney allows you to save fuel and increase the efficiency of the furnace by reducing the temperature of the exhaust gases.

In a cast iron stove, water is heated in a heat exchanger by exhaust flue gases and thermal radiation. The heat exchanger body is located in the upper part of the firebox in the area of the chimney.

A brick stove for a bath involves the location of a heat exchanger inside the brickwork in close proximity to the firebox. This somewhat increases the thermal inertia of the heat exchanger, and also reduces the likelihood of its overheating or oxidation of its surface under the influence of open fire.

The heat exchanger that provides heating of the bath from the stove in the steam room must correspond in technical parameters to the effective power of the water heating system, the operating pressure in the system, the volume and composition of the circulating coolant.

Features of a sauna stove with a heat exchanger

A sauna stove equipped with a heat exchanger has certain design features.

These include, in particular:

tube supply system for coolant circulation;
thickened body walls;
increased volume of the heater;
the presence of an air distributor is mandatory;
firebox door made of heat-resistant glass.

The heat exchanger operates due to the constant circulation of water through all devices that make up the heating system in the bathhouse. To effectively use the heat exchanger, the length of each connecting pipe should be a maximum of 3 m. Especially if there is no external thermal insulation of the pipe.

Subject to fire safety rules, as well as the presence of forced ventilation and thermoregulation systems, a universal stove for baths and home heating can be equipped with a heat exchanger. The stove itself can be located in the bathhouse and connected to the living quarters of the house using a thermally insulated heating pipeline and supplying the home with hot water.

To organize water circulation in the central heating system, as well as to supply hot water to the premises of the house and to the washing compartment of the bathhouse, an automated pumping station is used to maintain constant pressure in the line.

The simplest design of a universal stove is an electric stove with separate electric heaters for the stove sections with a heat exchanger and the heater.

Such a furnace can operate in several modes, namely:

In the mode of heating the residential premises of the house and its hot water supply (DHW) while maintaining the minimum required temperature in the bathhouse premises during the cold season.
In heating mode for baths and the entire house with hot water supply during the cold season.
Organization of heating of the bathhouse and heater in the summer.

A similar stove for bathing and heating at the same time can be created in the form of a continuous device using natural gas or fuel pellets. Using charcoal or wood as fuel in this case is difficult and has certain technical difficulties. After all, wood or coal stoves do not provide the ability to automatically adjust the temperature. This can lead to sudden temperature changes in the heating line.

If it is possible to connect to a natural gas main or an industrial voltage electric cable, you can make a sauna stove from a heating boiler operating on gas or electricity, respectively. Such a stove can perform the functions of a heating and water heating system. Together with the heating boiler in the bathhouse, you can also install a small steel wood-burning stove in the steam room.

If the central heating system of the house has sufficient power, the auxiliary rooms of the bathhouse can be heated using it. To do this, heat-insulated pipes are laid from the home heating system to the bathhouse, to which heating radiators for the auxiliary rooms of the bathhouse are connected. In this case, the stove-heater can only be used to heat the steam or washing section of the bath, if necessary.

If the distance from the water heating boiler of a residential building to the bathhouse is small, then heat loss with such a heating system can be minimal. In addition, the presence of an independent external heating system will allow you to maintain the optimal temperature in the bathhouse during the winter. This is required to prevent freezing of water supply and sewerage pipes, as well as the bathhouse itself. The combination of heating systems for a residential building and a bathhouse in this case can be of an auxiliary, backup nature.

Water heating bath

You can equip water heating in a bathhouse yourself, starting from making a homemade boiler, laying out a wood-burning stove from bricks and ending with installing a “warm floor” system. The main thing is to strictly follow the technology at each of these stages. The issue of heat supply to the bathhouse must be addressed after insulation work, before interior finishing. In compact buildings, the easiest way is to build a heater, the power of which is sufficient to heat the steam room, washing compartment and dressing room. In large rooms it is necessary to install full heating using a pipeline.

Types of fuel for a bath with water heating

To simplify the task, you can install water heating in the bathhouse from home. In winter, you can maintain the optimal temperature in the building in this way. However, in this case, a separate circuit is still required to heat it in the summer.
Water heating of a bath can be carried out using different types of fuel:

Gas. In this case, to warm up the boiler, it is necessary to connect to the general gas supply system and install the appropriate equipment. But many settlements nowadays are not gasified. And the use of liquefied fuel in cylinders is a fire hazard.
Electricity. To heat in this way, it is important to correctly calculate the required boiler power. The main advantage is the possibility of installation without a chimney. The disadvantages include the high cost and the need for a three-phase network for a boiler with a power of 12 kW or more.
Firewood. Such a stove is capable of heating all rooms as efficiently as possible. Wood is a traditional fuel for steam rooms. However, the process of collecting firewood and lighting the stove is quite labor-intensive.

Liquid fuel is not economically profitable and is very flammable. Requires special precautions. Not recommended for heating a bath.
Once you have decided on the type of fuel, select the appropriate stove. The market offers many production models of varying quality in a wide price range. However, if you wish, you can build it yourself.
The most efficient and high-quality way to heat a bathhouse is with a wood-burning stove. Traditionally, a steel or brick structure is installed. In the first case, due to the high heat transfer and the thickness of the walls, the rooms warm up faster. Firing a brick kiln takes longer, but the heat is stored longer due to the ability of the brick to accumulate it.

Manufacturing a water boiler for heating a bathhouse

For these purposes, you can use conventional cast iron radiators M-140. We will need 12 sections. Each of them has a capacity of 1.5 liters and an area of 0.254 m2. The total volume of the structure will be 18 liters, and the area will be 3 m2.
To use, you need to convert the radiator according to the following instructions:

We take out the cardboard spacers between the sections.
Prepare a mixture of drying oil and graphite. We impregnate the asbestos cord with it and lay it instead of gaskets. This will prevent burning at high temperatures.
We wash each section with a six percent solution of hydrochloric acid, and then with a large amount of ordinary water. This is necessary to remove dirt and rust.
We assemble the individual parts into one structure in the reverse order, using nipples with right and left threads on the sides for fixation. The sections will be attracted by scrolling the nipple.
When the distance between them reaches two centimeters, we wind the cord with impregnation and make the final tightening of the fasteners.

After assembling the structure and waiting for the drying oil to dry completely, you need to apply liquid under pressure and check the tightness of the joints for efficient and durable operation of the structure.

Wood-burning stove for a sauna with water heating

It is advisable to consider the location for installing the stove at the construction stage. Due to the large weight, an additional foundation must be poured under the stone structure.
We carry out work on the construction of a wood-burning stove for a bathhouse with water heating in the following sequence:

We dig a pit about 0.7 meters deep. We fill a sand cushion 15 cm thick, spill it with water and tamp it thoroughly. On top we make a layer of broken brick or crushed stone.
We install wooden formwork along the walls of the pit. We mount the frame from the reinforcement and insert it into the recess.
Pour the concrete, leaving 15 cm to the top.
We dismantle the formwork and fill the resulting space with sand.
We cover the top part with rolled waterproofing in two layers. The best option is roofing felt.
We check the horizontalness of the foundation. Small irregularities can be covered with intermediate dry brickwork.
We make a solution of clay and water, the consistency of thick sour cream. When completely dissolved, add sand in a one to one ratio with clay.
We wet the bricks with water and lay the first row tightly, checking the corners and horizontality.
On the third row, we fix the blower door with galvanized wire or a steel strip.
On the fourth, we set up an ash well.
On the sixth, we finally secure the ash door.
On the seventh, we install grate bars. The size of the firebox must be calculated taking into account the installation of the boiler. On the first row of the firebox we form a special side and install a corner. We leave 2 openings in the side walls for pipes to exit. It is better to choose doors for the fuel compartment from fireproof durable cast iron.
On the eighth row we build a partition to connect to the chimney and continue this installation until the fourteenth, on which it is necessary to install channels.
We place the halves of bricks from the fifteenth to the eighteenth rows at an angle. This will become the basis for the dividing wall.
On the next row we make a door for steam exhaust and lay thin metal strips that connect the twentieth and twenty-first brick rows. After this, close the door frame.
We begin installing the chimney pipe from the 23rd row, forming channels for heat dissipation.

Please note that the wall inside the fuel compartment and chimney should be as flat and smooth as possible. Every five rows you need to wipe the inside surface.

Installation of a boiler for water heating of a bath and pipe routing

The cast iron structure must be placed behind the firebox chamber. It will be heated not by the flame, but by the gas. To install the equipment correctly, we follow this procedure:

We place the radiator on pre-made corners, maintaining a distance to the walls of about 5-6 mm. The gap will compensate for the thermal expansion of the structure.
If the selected pipes for connection to the boiler have seams, then additionally weld them before installation.
We connect the inch water supply and return pipes diagonally. In a place with a right-hand thread, simply screw in the product. On the left, we use a coupling with a squeegee and a nipple for fixation.
We install the water supply pipe perpendicular to the floor at the top point, and install the return pipe in the underground space and connect it from below. This is necessary for improved circulation.
We close the two extra holes of the product with a plug.
When welding pipes together, we remove the chamfer along the cut contour to ensure that the weld seam fills the entire thickness with a high-quality weld and securely fixes the parts. If the steam room does not warm up often in winter, you can add antifreeze to the system instead of water.

Installation of a water heated floor in a bathhouse with water heating

Although this device will be more expensive, it is capable of heating the room as quickly and efficiently as possible. Heat flows throughout the entire perimeter of the room, rather than from one source. In this case, the heated air rises.
You can install heated floors in a water-heated bathhouse yourself in the following order:

We level the surface and carry out insulation work.
We lay aluminum foil on the rough coating, with the reflective coating facing upwards, overlapping by 15-20 cm. We glue the joints with reinforced tape.
We install the manifold cabinet by cutting a hole of 0.6x0.4x0.12 meters near the surface of the flooring.
We insert supply and return pipes into it, and attach metal shut-off valves to them using compression fittings.
We connect the circulation pump and the splitter. It is better to equip the latter with an automatic air exhaust system and a drain valve.
Along the perimeter we lay metal-plastic pipes with a diameter of 2 cm or more in a parallel or spiral manner with a step of about 0.3 meters. For these purposes we use clips and clamps. Maintain a distance of 7 cm from the nearest wall.
We connect one end of the pipe to the general heating system (supply manifold). We connect the second edge to the return device.
We let in water under pressure one and a half times higher than the working pressure. If the system holds up and the temperature is uniform everywhere, then we proceed to pouring the cement-sand screed.

The assembled manifold cabinet can be purchased at appropriate stores. It is necessary to choose quality pipes from reputable manufacturers.
Watch a video about water heating of a bath:

Water heating in a bathhouse is one of the most effective methods of heat supply. It is popular in large steam rooms. You can equip it yourself, but the process is labor-intensive and requires strict adherence to the rules. And the combination of such a system with the high heat output of a wood-burning heater will allow you to maintain the optimal temperature in the room for a long time. Author: editors of TutKnow.ru

Options for organizing heating in a bathhouse

The bathhouse has always been a special ritual for Russian people. Heating in a bathhouse is one of the most difficult elements, since its task is to simultaneously heat air and water to the desired temperature. Only with the correct selection and installation of a sauna stove can you fully enjoy a unique ritual. Therefore, more and more owners of country cottages are thinking about how to install heating in the bathhouse.

Many connoisseurs choose a stone stove for a bath. Such solutions look great and heat the air perfectly, but are expensive and take up a lot of space. Therefore, metal heating stoves have recently gained popularity. However, they are not suitable for year-round use as they cool down very quickly. Heating a bathhouse in winter using metal stoves requires constant heating of the heat exchanger, that is, in winter you need to constantly be indoors and keep the stove on.

Methods for organizing a heating system in a bathhouse

Regardless of the heating option chosen, the circuit may look as shown in Fig. 1.

Heating a bathhouse with your own hands can be done using the following methods:

Heating via gas boilers

Gas boilers are capable of uninterrupted heating of large rooms, and our blue fuel is not too expensive. This method is very economical and does not harm the environment.

The only drawback of gas heating is that for this it is necessary to have a developed project and monitor its implementation. In addition, gas mains are currently not widespread enough in dachas and villages, so most often it is necessary to look for a way to heat a bathhouse without gas.

Water heating units

The electricity bill will be quite affordable, since in this case the water temperature is controlled automatically and will not rise above the set value. In the winter season, in order to avoid freezing of the heat exchanger, you can set the operating temperature to +5°C, and when visiting the bathhouse, raise it to a comfortable level. If you want to save money, you can install an induction, electrode or heating element boiler. Their performance properties are not very outstanding, but they consume 30% less electricity, which is especially important during times of crisis.

Warming up the air with heated floors and convectors

Convectors are an expensive option in terms of equipment and electricity bills. However, the convection method allows you to automatically regulate the thermal mode of heating the dressing room and the bath itself. Convectors can be used economically by analogy with water heaters: set the temperature to +5°C in winter, thereby avoiding freezing of the system and excessive consumption of electricity.

Another comfortable way to heat the air is with heated electric floors. Unlike the first heated floors, modern models are protected from mechanical damage, and if any track fails, the floor continues to perform its functions. The main disadvantage of this method is that the system must be installed at the construction stage or undergo major repairs.

Advice from the master!

Both methods require carefully thought-out insulation of the bathhouse to save electricity.

Pellet and solid fuel boilers

If you want to save on heating, you can use solid fuel boilers. Coal or firewood is used as a consumable material. The disadvantage is that a large amount of material will be required to achieve the optimal temperature. In addition, in this case, constant access to the fuel loading site is required, and in winter this can be significantly difficult.

There are combination boilers on the market that allow you to use electricity in the absence of solid fuel. But they can only be used to heat water. In addition, installation of combined systems is very difficult.

A more expensive option is pellet boilers. They are widely used in European countries because the fuel is supplied automatically. Pellet does not produce a lot of soot, so such heating systems need to be serviced once every 1.5 months. As mentioned above, electricity is required to ignite these boilers. But diesel generators and batteries can be used as a source. The only disadvantage of such solutions is the high price of the boiler. But it is more than offset by cost savings during operation, so pellet boilers can be considered the optimal solution.

Connecting a bathhouse to home heating

Heating a bathhouse from home became possible relatively recently. To organize it, you need to lay the heating main yourself. In this case, the correct functioning of the unit is possible if the following conditions are met:

when designing, it is necessary to take into account the location of groundwater, since pipes should not be exposed to excessive moisture;
the pipeline should be insulated and protected from groundwater with a larger diameter pipe;
location of the bathhouse in close proximity to the house.

The last point is especially important.

Advice from the master!

If the sauna is located far enough from the dacha or cottage, you may encounter a problem inherent in modern centralized heating systems: by the time the water reaches its destination, it can cool down so much that it will not affect the temperature in the sauna. If the distance is not too great, then a heating main laid from the house to the bathhouse will be an excellent solution.

Today we will consider a question that has been of great concern to me for the last three months - how to make heating in a bathhouse. The question arises: why is heating required in the bathhouse, since it heats itself?

Heating in a bathhouse is needed in order to provide the most basic amenities together with bathing procedures, namely:

with a water closet and the possibility of draining into a common house or separate sewer.
Water supply in winter, possibility of installing a boiler for preparing hot water supply and shower.
Heating the bathhouse to maintain positive temperatures between the fireboxes, to save firewood for heating the bathhouse.

Of course, you will need all this if your bathhouse is located next to your permanent residence, and not in a country house 200 km from the city. Because, even if you want to provide the “country” version of the bathhouse with heat, there are many force majeure circumstances that may prevent you from doing this.

But first, let's figure out how you can make heating in a bathhouse, on what principle and what are the pros and cons of this.

Autonomous heating of the bathhouse

You can install autonomous heating in the bathhouse. This means that sauna heating will be independent of the house, completely independent.

In what ways can you ensure autonomous heating of a bathhouse:

Electric convectors or an electric boiler with a heating system in the bathhouse.
Gas pipe supply in the bathhouse.

These are two main types that allow you to make separate heating for the bath. As you can see, I did not include solid fuel boilers and air furnaces here. Because they are deprived of the basic convenience of sauna heating - they cannot function automatically.

And going to the bathhouse regularly and adding firewood or looking after the solid fuel boiler or heating stove - only fans of bathing procedures can afford this. And I think they will get bored with it in a couple of weeks, and the bathhouse will again be cold and without water.

What are the advantages of this type of sauna heating? Firstly, they are completely autonomous and operate automatically. Even if the house is not heated, the heating of the bathhouse still works.

Secondly, both the gas boiler and the electric one can be configured so that they maintain a slight plus in the bathhouse. A temperature of +5C will be enough to prevent the water in the bath from freezing, which means you can use it without flushing water from the toilet tank and water seals. This will also allow you to keep a filled electric boiler in the bathhouse without the fear that it will burst.

What are the disadvantages of this option? They lie in its advantages - the system is autonomous, which means you may not even know that it has malfunctioned and the temperature in the bathhouse has dropped below 0C.

To prevent this, it is worth installing a temperature sensor in the bathhouse with a detector output into the house. If the heating system in the bathhouse fails, the detector will sound an alarm.

Heating a bathhouse from home

You can make heating in the bathhouse from the home heating system. To do this, you will have to install radiators in the bathhouse and run a heating main from the house to the bathhouse. What are the advantages of this:

There is no need to bring a gas pipe into the bathhouse or throw a separate cable for installing convectors.
The system operates from house heating; you can control and regulate the heating system of the bathhouse from home.

What are the disadvantages of this option? The most important disadvantage is the heat loss along the heating main from the house to the bathhouse. It's good if. And if not? Each meter of the heating main will have to be buried below the freezing depth or insulated with four layers of penoplex. And just in case, run a heating cable so that in case of any problems with the main heating system, the bath line does not freeze.

If the bathhouse is located at a distance of 3-10 meters from the house, or even at the end of the site, several tens of meters away, for example, near a reservoir, it is better to choose the option of autonomous bathhouse heating.

Vladimir Tolbukhin, 2014.