Decorating the inside of a wooden house: photos of design options and step-by-step finishing with your own hands. What is the best way to sheathe the walls inside a wooden house? Sheathing a log house from the inside

A lot of materials are used for construction, but residential buildings built from wood continue to be popular. The atmosphere in a wooden house is characterized by positive energy and comfort. However, the interior decoration of a wooden house is accompanied by many nuances.

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Start of finishing work

It is worth noting right away that it is not worth starting finishing work from the inside of the house immediately after its construction. The structure is made of wood and must stand for some time and shrink. For houses built from laminated veneer lumber, this period is about a month. Other wooden houses must stand for at least ten months before finishing work begins. The exact timing is determined based on the moisture content of the material, the climatic conditions of the region and the time of year. During this time, the wood that served as the material for construction dries out. Accordingly, the timber or logs are reduced in size, and at the same time the insulation laid between the rows of the log house is compressed. Premature start of finishing work in a wooden house will lead to the fact that the cladding will be distorted or will not stay on the wall at all. In other words, haste in finishing a wooden house will lead to additional costs of time and money.

Log crowns and their tightness

You can ensure the tightness of the wooden walls of the house with the help of tow; jute material is sometimes used with moss. The process of sealing the cracks between the crowns of a log house is called caulking. As a rule, caulk a log house in two approaches. The first time this happens 1-1.5 months after completion of construction, and the second time after 6-8 months. The cracks between the rows of timber or logs are caulked, immediately from the outside and from the inside. Otherwise, the structure may warp. Therefore, in the process, the caulks move along the walls of the house and seal them alternately on both sides. Caulk starts from the lowest crowns.

It is worth noting that after caulking the log house becomes 5-7 centimeters higher. Then, the weight of the walls of the log house makes itself felt and it settles. As a result, insulation laid between rows of timber or logs reliably seals the walls. The temperature in the house depends on the quality of this work. In addition to preserving heat, the second caulk allows you to eliminate small distortions that arose during the process of settling the log house.

Interior decoration of the walls begins only after they are finally caulked and the house itself has settled. The shrinkage process of the building is checked using control measurements of the height of the walls. A wooden house is considered ready for interior decoration if, after the second caulking, the height of its walls has not changed for 90 days.

Sanding walls inside a wooden house

In some cases, finishing work inside a wooden house is not required. This is true for houses built from high-quality materials and, as a result, having a pleasant appearance, both outside and inside. In this case, you can significantly save money. The walls of such a house just need to be sanded and painted. It is better to use a varnish coating to protect the floor from abrasion. Walls and ceilings can be treated with special paints and water-based antiseptics. The surfaces treated with them will not lose their natural appearance, but on the contrary, the texture of wooden walls will become more expressive. The use of antiseptics is necessary in any case, if, of course, you want to maintain the pleasant external design of wooden walls.

A caulking seam between rows of timber or logs can spoil the impression of any wooden walls. Therefore, to refine such a seam, a twisted cord is used. It not only acts as a decorative decoration, but also additionally protects the premises from drafts.

Lathing and its importance in the interior decoration of a wooden house

Sanding the walls of some houses will no longer bring any benefit. This applies to overly old or crooked buildings. For the interior decoration of such houses, options such as plasterboard products, lining, decorative panels, etc. are used.

Installation of any such finishing material involves the use of a frame or sheathing that will help level out the curvature of the walls. In addition, the presence of the lathing will allow air to circulate freely. For a wooden structure, this is an important factor. As a result of natural air movement, the wall material will not change color and will not rot. Only dry wood is not subject to these processes. Circulating air between the walls and finishing materials will allow the wood of the walls to maintain its normal condition.

The distance between the wall and the finish is also used for laying cables and wires for various communications: electricity or household appliances. Electrical wiring, by the way, in wooden houses should only be installed in pipes made of non-flammable material (corrugated stainless steel pipes are the most common). If necessary, a material providing thermal insulation is placed in the gap provided by the sheathing. However, if the house maintains a comfortable temperature, you should not use any additional materials. Wood itself does an excellent job of maintaining the required humidity in a room, and excess materials can do harm rather than good.

However, fixing finishing materials to the sheathing also has its drawbacks. For example, if insects or rodents appear between the wall and the cladding, it will be quite difficult to eliminate them. However, before attaching finishing materials to the wall, it will need to be leveled. An absolutely flat surface of wooden walls can be difficult to achieve, but with the right approach, it is quite possible. In order to seal the gaps and cracks remaining between the wall and the cladding, special mastics are used. Once upon a time, clay was used instead, and in some places it is still used.

Regardless of the finishing materials, it is necessary that a gap of at least 20-40 millimeters be maintained between the cladding and the ceiling. This will play the role of insurance in case of additional shrinkage of the new house. For an old building, the gap will compensate for changes in the wooden walls. A material such as wood “breathes” throughout its entire service life. It changes accordingly: it swells when it takes on water, or it dries out. A gap left under the ceiling in time will allow the metamorphosis of wooden walls to remain without consequences for the facing materials. The absence of such precautions can lead to deformation or the appearance of cracks in finishing materials. To ensure that the gap does not stand out against the general background, a ceiling plinth is used; it is rigidly fixed only to the ceiling.

Lining for interior decoration of a wooden house

Manufacturers offer a variety of options for facing materials for interior decoration. However, to decorate a wooden house they often resort to lining. It allows you to maintain the overall style and atmosphere of a wooden building. This material can be used for both exterior and interior finishing (only the methods of processing differ). Lining comes in a variety of types. Moreover, we are not talking about the wood from which it is made and not about its size. The profile of the lining, depending on the wishes of the customer, can be modified. There are wavy or even design of the material, as well as imitation of timber or logs (block house).

To finish the walls inside a wooden house, lining 15-20 millimeters thick is used. Its cost is less than that of thicker analogues, but such material fulfills its tasks. The lining boards can be placed in any order: horizontally, vertically, at an angle. Those with remarkable patience and hard work are able to create entire paintings from lining.

When fixing the lining to the sheathing or to the walls, do not forget about possible shrinkage of the house. To compensate for possible changes in wooden walls, leave a gap of 20-40 millimeters near the floor and ceiling.

Decorative wall panels

Often, decorative panels are used for interior decoration of houses and apartments. There are claddings made from different materials and imitating a variety of surfaces:

• MDF panels (veneered or laminated).
• Glass panels: smooth, corrugated, colored, matte, transparent.
• Polymer panels.
• Panels made of wood or bamboo.
• Leather panels.

The panels also differ in size; they are produced in the form of slats assembled together or immediately in the form of a shield (sizes vary). The lining, by the way, is the same panels, but it stands apart because this material was used for finishing work long before the appearance of other similar products.

Decorative panels are fixed to the wall, usually using lathing. The thickness and location of the bars, which depends on the type and size of the selected decorative panels. This finishing material is popular among designers and homeowners because the abundance of colors, sizes and materials allows you to create unusual, memorable interiors. Decorative panels also differ in price. For example, panels made of polymers and MDF are significantly cheaper than leather products.

Some types of panels are mounted only with glue (gypsum products), so to fix them to the sheathing, additional gypsum fiber boards or plywood are used. These are called backing panels and are attached to the sheathing first. The main facing panels are already glued to them.

Drywall in a wooden house

The interior decoration of walls with plasterboard is no different from the decoration of rooms made of other materials. Drywall is attached to a pre-assembled frame. True, as in other cases, it is necessary to leave a safety gap.

The main condition under which it is permissible to finish walls with plasterboard is the operation of the house for several years, i.e. the house must be warmed up and undergo final shrinkage. This is due to the fact that plasterboard is fragile, and with significant changes in the geometry of the walls, it will become unusable. Such metamorphoses of wall surfaces can be ignored if the frame is movable. To achieve this, its profiles are not fixed too rigidly to the walls.

When finishing walls with plasterboard, there is one more nuance: all joints and seams, as well as in the corners, must use reinforcing mesh. The use of such a mesh will prevent or slow down the occurrence of cracks in problem areas.

Interior decoration of an old wooden house

If the age of the wooden house in which finishing work is planned is several decades, then the first step is to assess the safety of the wood. To do this, you will need to dismantle all the old cladding. After which, carefully examine all places that differ from the general background of the wall surface in color or texture of the pattern. If necessary, suspicious areas should be checked by trying to damage them with a knife, screwdriver or chisel. If the tree has a dense structure everywhere and has no signs of mold or fungi, then you can begin finishing work. In some cases, it is recommended to treat the wood with special impregnations. When using them, remember that such impregnations are based on chemical elements.

However, if the wall material crumbles due to mechanical stress, then it is necessary to identify the causes of destruction. The most likely options are the appearance of insects, mold and other microorganisms. Sometimes, an outside specialist is invited to determine treatment methods for the infected section of the wall. Damaged areas of wooden walls must be dismantled and replaced; areas adjacent to these elements will need to be intensively treated with special compounds.

After assessing the condition of the walls of the old house, and carrying out repairs if necessary, you can begin interior decoration. Work on decorating the premises of an old wooden house is carried out in the same order as described above. The only difference is that the safety gap should not be left.

When and how is the interior of the walls of a wooden house finished? And in general, is this really necessary, since the tree itself looks good?

These questions are of considerable interest to owners of country cottages and dachas. Indeed, according to statistics, about a third of residential construction projects in rural areas are built from lumber.

So, let's try to figure out why finishing the interior walls of a wooden house is needed.

What caused the need for finishing

As already mentioned, about a third of low-rise buildings outside the city are built using lumber. In this case, it is a rounded log or timber.

According to some lovers of rustic aesthetics, a log wall looks original and attractive. But if you set out to give your living space the appearance of a room in a city apartment, you cannot do without additional finishing.

In addition, high-quality wall finishing inside a wooden house, in addition to aesthetic advantages, guarantees practical benefits. For example, by leveling log walls from the inside with sheet material, a layer of thermal insulation material can be integrated into the resulting gaps and thus reduce the thermal conductivity of the entire structure.

We list the main options for finishing walls in a wooden house and tell you about ways to implement them.

Sheathing with OSB boards

The walls of a log cabin can be easily leveled using oriented strand boards (OSB).

The technology of facing work is as follows:

• Using a water level and a flat plank, we determine the relief on the walls;
• We make a lathing from wooden slats with a step between adjacent slats of 0.6-1 m;
• We place insulating materials, such as stone wool, in the gaps of the sheathing;
• We attach waterproofing materials, such as glassine, on top of the sheathing;
• Next we install oriented strand boards.

Installation of OSB is carried out with some offset of one row of slabs relative to the other. This is done to give the finish the greatest strength.

After the internal wall cladding is completed, the gaps between the slabs are filled with polymer putties and sanded. Further, walls finished with OSB can be used as a rough base for wallpapering, painting, tiling, etc.

The advantages of the method include the following:

• affordable price of the material;
• ease of finishing work;
• versatility of using finished cladding;
• environmental safety of finishing;
• the possibility of using heat-insulating and sound-proofing materials;
• possibility of laying utilities under the finishing layer.

Sheathing with plasterboard

If you are faced with the question of how to decorate the walls of a wooden house, it’s time to think about using drywall. GVL sheets are a universal solution for covering various surfaces, provided the degree of humidity in the room does not exceed 60% .

Installation of sheets is simple; moreover, due to the use of this finishing material, various complex architectural solutions can be implemented in a wooden house. The technology for installing plasterboard sheets is in many ways similar to installing OSB boards, only an order of magnitude simpler.

To work you will need:

• GVL slabs (standard sizes are determined in accordance with the characteristics of the room and the budget allocated for the project);
• metallic profile;
• self-tapping screws;
• gypsum-based putty;
• screwdriver;
• “glass” nozzle for drilling holes for switches and sockets;
• mounting knife;
• hacksaw;
• water level;
• roulette;
• cord;
• container for diluting putty;
• spatulas (rubber and metal).

The instructions for carrying out the work are as follows:

• We cut the profile into strips of the required length and fasten it to the wall surface with self-tapping screws in increments 60 cm from each other;
• If necessary, we supplement the vertical profiles with horizontal jumpers;
• In the spaces between the profile we immediately place utility lines and a layer of heat and sound insulating material;

Important: The use of sound insulation is mandatory, since the empty space between the walls and the cladding will cause resonances, which will increase the perception of noise in the room.

• Next, we attach the sheets of drywall. We do this so that the screws are recessed flush with the surface, but not too deep so that the finishing material does not crack;
• After the drywall is installed, we drill holes for sockets and switches and route the corresponding cables into them;
• We fill all joints, reliefs and recesses under the heads of self-tapping screws with putty mixture and level them;
• After the putty has dried, carefully sand the surface to a perfectly smooth state.

The advantages of the method include:

• tight deadlines for installation work;
• durability of the finished result;
• the ability to carry out installation work with your own hands from start to finish;
• fire safety of wall cladding;
• environmental safety of the solution due to the zero content of toxins and allergens.

However, there is also a drawback - the finishing material does not tolerate excess moisture, and therefore installation of drywall is advisable only in dry rooms with the obligatory use of high-quality waterproofing.

Installation of wall panels

Wall panels- This is a wide range of finishing materials from which you can choose the best option in relation to the characteristics of the construction site.

The entire range of wall panels can be divided into two categories:

• moisture-resistant modifications– made using natural solid wood, plastic or plywood, laminated on both sides;
• non-moisture resistant modifications– made using cork or chipboard.

Let's look at the main points of installation of the most common ones:

• We place horizontal slats in increments on a wooden wall 60 cm;

Important: You need to make sure that all slats protrude forward the same distance (this is checked by a level beam and a water level).

• We fix the internal corner element in a vertical position in the corner;
• We install horizontal finishing elements at the lower and upper points of the wall;
• The first is in the corner element on the side where the tenon is located, while the groove is fixed with shoe nails or a stapler;
• We continue installation around the perimeter of the room until the desired result is achieved.

When to start finishing work

Undoubtedly, the question of how to decorate the walls in a wooden house is very important, but it is equally important to take into account the optimal timing for the start of finishing work.

A newly erected log house will undergo shrinkage within 1-3 years. If finishing work is carried out earlier than necessary, the wall panels may get caught or bent.

To prevent this from happening, the interior of a wooden house should be clad no sooner than a year and a half after the completion of construction.

Conclusion

Cladding the walls of a wooden house is not difficult. Achieving optimal results will be achieved by following technological requirements and observing the deadlines for the start of finishing work.

Carrying out interior finishing work is the final stage in the construction of private houses. The finishing of a wooden house depends on the material of the walls. That is why, before starting work, all wooden elements should be treated with antiseptic agents. In this article we will tell you in detail how to sheathe the inside of a wooden house and how to choose the right material.

Basic requirements for facing material

Walls in a wooden house should be clad taking into account the shrinkage of the structure. The shrinkage process directly affects the selected material. Before cladding a building, pay attention to the following points:

• Seasonality of residence. The house is not always used for permanent residence. When covering with inexpensive materials, there is a possibility of their deformation or cracking, because... in winter, the temperature inside the house will not be comfortable.
• Design parameters. The weight of supporting structures is of great importance, because... when they shrink, they can significantly deform the decorative coating.
• Environmental standards of the material. Not all products meet environmental standards; even the most expensive product can release toxins or formaldehyde compounds.
• Cost and appearance. Cheap doesn't mean bad. Expensive material is not always able to be of high quality and fit harmoniously into the overall interior.

When choosing a material, consult with experts and study reviews, then you can clearly answer the question of how to cover the walls of a wooden house.

Material characteristics

A timber house can be sheathed using the following products:

• lining;
• drywall;
• block house;
• PVC panel;
• MDF panel;
• wood material: OSB, chipboard or plywood.

Now let’s look at each cladding material in more detail.

Using lining

The lining consists of simple boards with built-in special grooves, due to which the wood fits tightly together. The photo shows the floor and walls finished with clapboard

The disadvantage of using lining is that it is stereotyped; such an internal design looks good, but it is unlikely to be possible to give some individuality to the premises. The advantages of lining include:

• huge selection of wood species;
• various types of product processing;
• environmental friendliness of the material;
• pleasant aroma inside the house.

For information! Before covering the rooms with clapboard, it is necessary to assemble a frame from wooden or metal bars. This method will help eliminate all kinds of surface irregularities.

Using a block house

If you like rounded logs, but you don’t know how to cover the inside of a house made of timber, a block house would be an ideal option. This material is widely used in the decoration of cottages; wood can not only decorate a room, but also provide maximum comfort and coziness. Among the advantages of this material it is worth noting:

• high environmental friendliness, products are made from natural types of wood that undergo special drying;
• mechanical strength allows the product not to lose its appearance and positive characteristics;
• has an aesthetic appearance and can decorate any home;
• easy way to attach.

For information! Block houses made of coniferous wood allow you to maintain a favorable microclimate inside the building, and products made of hardwood are highly resistant to moisture.

The disadvantages include:

• low vapor permeability;
• high flammability of the material.

Block house looks great inside a wooden house

Using drywall

Recently, plasterboard is often used to decorate wooden buildings. However, experts do not recommend using gypsum, because... it has a number of disadvantages. If you carry out interior work immediately after building a house, drywall may crack or become deformed during shrinkage. It is also worth noting that after attaching the gypsum sheets, they must be plastered and painted. The joints are sealed, which makes the space in the house clogged.

PVC panel

If you want to save money, but don’t know how to cover the inside of a timber house, a plastic panel is the most economical option. The advantages include:

• ease of installation;
• high resistance to moisture;
• large selection of panel color palettes.

The disadvantages of the material include:

• low environmental friendliness;
• the panels are not capable of passing steam and air;
• When ignited, they quickly melt and release dangerous and harmful substances to human health.

According to reviews from home owners, the main area of ​​application for plastic panels is non-residential or utility premises.

Using MDF panels

MDF panels are made from a more environmentally friendly material than plastic. The surface of the product is quite smooth and does not require complex finishing. The panels can be fastened either directly to the wall or using a frame. Manufacturers produce MDF panels of various designs, colors and textures, with their help you can decorate any room in the house.

It is worth noting that the MDF panel can additionally insulate and soundproof the walls.

Important! In rooms where heating is not provided or there is high humidity, it is strictly forbidden to use MDF!

Interesting colors can make rooms unique and stylish. The photo shows a room covered with MDF

Use of wood material

All products made from wood material (OSB, plywood and chipboard) are used to perform rough work, but they are practically not used for final finishing work. In addition, during the production process, wood products are treated with special adhesives and impregnations, which evaporate and negatively affect human health.

For information! Sheet plywood is considered the safest wood product used for finishing work. It is used as a base to level the wall for wallpapering.

We carry out interior cladding of the house

Most often, owners of private wooden houses use clapboard as cladding. As a rule, plastic lining is used for rooms with high humidity, and wooden cladding panels are used for other rooms. Wooden lining perfectly soundproofs, insulates and has a beneficial effect on the microclimate. Before sheathing a house made of timber, the lining is prepared, i.e. treated with a special bioprotective agent. Wood processing allows you to protect the material from rotting, mold and various insects. Next, all products are thoroughly dried. Installation of the lining is carried out on the sheathing. The frame is assembled from ready-made slats and the sheathing is fixed to the wall with self-tapping screws at a distance of 50 cm. A small gap is left between the wall and the cladding, which serves as ventilation. If the structure requires additional insulation, lay a special material and cover it with a vapor barrier. Finally, a sheathing is built on which wooden cladding panels will be mounted.

Installation of the lining is carried out in two ways:

• horizontal;
• vertical.

The horizontal method begins with laying from the ceiling to the floor, with the grooves facing down. This arrangement will prevent debris, dust and other foreign objects from getting into the grooves of the boards. To obtain smooth and high-quality masonry, we recommend checking the evenness of the wall every 10-15 panels.

The vertical method begins with laying the panels from the corner. A clamp is fixed into the groove of the rear wall, which is carefully nailed to the sheathing slats. The first panel is secured with nails, the head of which is covered with a decorative corner. The installation of the lining is carried out as in the horizontal method with the obligatory insertion of the planks into each other. Fasteners carefully press the material, and as a result it is lined up into a single fabric. The last facing panel is also fixed with nails. The final stage will be decorating the internal and external joints using decorative plinths, slats and corners. If desired, the panels can be coated with a special varnish, which will provide protection from moisture and temperature changes. The photo shows the final finishing inside the house

The presented characteristics of materials will allow you to take into account the features of the structure, its interior design, and will also help you to easily answer the question of what is the best way to sheathe your house.

October 5, 2016
Specialization: finishing of facades, interior finishing, construction of dachas, garages. Experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. We also have experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and many other things that I don’t have time for :)

After a difficult journey from laying out the foundation to installing the roof of a wooden house, private builders are faced with the need to finish their future housing. On the one hand, this procedure is simpler than, for example, erecting a box, but on the other hand, it contains a number of nuances that you need to know. To help in this matter, I will further tell you in detail how a wooden house is finished from the outside and inside.

Features of exterior finishing

Wooden houses built from timber or logs look quite attractive even without finishing. Therefore, their walls are often only covered with protective impregnation. However, in some cases it is impossible to do without full finishing.

As a rule, the need for it arises if:

• The house is intended not only for summer, but also for winter holidays or permanent residence. In this case, it must be insulated;
• the house is old, as a result of which it has lost its attractiveness or even its geometry.

It should be noted that not all existing exterior finishing options are suitable for wooden houses. For example, it is better to abandon the “wet facade” technology, since it involves performing “wet” work, which is undesirable for wood. In addition, in this case, condensation may form between the insulation and the wall, which will negatively affect the durability of the structure.

Therefore, it is best to decorate the outside of a wooden house in the following ways:

• using curtain façade technology;
• by brick cladding.

Below we will take a look at each method.

Curtain façade technology

This technology consists of installing a frame on the walls, which is subsequently covered with any facade finishing material. In this case, insulation and vapor barrier can be installed in the space between the sheathing and the wall. Thus, a curtain wall is an excellent solution in cases where it is necessary to insulate a house.

The finishing process in this case includes several stages:

Preparation of materials

So, first of all, it is necessary to prepare materials for exterior finishing. For this you will need:

• protective impregnation for wood;
• interventional insulation;
• construction sealant;
• wooden beams for assembling the frame, as well as adjustable brackets or metal corners;
• vapor barrier membrane;
• thermal insulation material (if the walls will be insulated). The best option is mineral mats.

In addition, you need to decide what to decorate the outside of the walls with. There are quite a lot of options:

• wooden finishing materials - these include lining, block house, imitation timber, etc. In addition, planken finishing of facades has recently become popular. The latter is a finishing strip with beveled ends.

The main advantage of these materials is their environmental friendliness; in addition, they allow you to preserve the natural appearance of wooden housing. The price of these materials starts from 300-350 rubles per m2, and largely depends on the type of wood and its quality;

• vinyl siding is a practical coating that looks like wood. Among the advantages are resistance to moisture and negative atmospheric influences. In addition, vinyl siding is cheaper than its wooden counterparts - from 200 rubles per m2;

• metal siding is an analogue of vinyl siding, but is made of galvanized steel or aluminum. I must say that these panels look quite attractive, since a photograph of the wood texture is applied to the surface.

The disadvantages include the noise of the material during precipitation and wind, as well as high thermal conductivity. Therefore, metal siding is rarely used for cladding residential buildings. The cost of this coating starts from 400-500 rubles 1 per m2;

• facade panels - in terms of performance, they resemble vinyl siding, as they are made of PVC. The difference lies in appearance - their surface can imitate natural stone, brickwork and other materials. The cost of the panels is about the same as for vinyl siding;

• basement siding - consists of panels made of fiber cement or durable plastic. They can imitate various materials, from wood to brickwork. Their main feature is increased strength, which allows the use of panels for finishing the plinth.

The cost of basement siding starts on average from 600 rubles. for 1m2.

Each of these materials is able to decorate walls and protect them from environmental influences. Therefore, everyone must choose for themselves how best to decorate the facade, depending on their own preferences and financial capabilities.

Preparing the walls

Before finishing the exterior of the facade, the walls must be prepared. This work is carried out in the following sequence:

1. if the house has already been used, you need to dismantle the hanging parts. These include visors, ebb tides, antennas, etc.;
2. then the surface of the walls should be treated with impregnation, which will protect the walls from moisture, as well as all kinds of negative biological influences;

1. Next, it is necessary to insulate the inter-crown cracks. For these purposes, tow, special rope, polyurethane cords and other heat-insulating materials can be used. On top of the insulation, the space between the crowns can be filled with construction sealant.

This completes the preparatory work.

Frame installation

The most critical stage of work is the installation of the frame. At the same time, you can easily cope with this task yourself. The main thing is to follow a certain sequence of actions:

1. Before installing the frame posts, you should attach a vapor barrier film to the wall. The canvases must be overlapped.
   To fix the film, use a construction stapler;
2. Next, you need to attach the racks to the walls using metal brackets or corners. In itself, attaching the racks is not difficult; the only thing is that they need to be positioned vertically and in the same plane. Therefore, the process of installing them is somewhat reminiscent of installing guide beacons for plastering walls.

To ensure that the racks are located in the same plane, it is advisable to install the bars outermost from the corners, using a level. Then you need to stretch ropes between them, which will serve as beacons for intermediate posts.

Keep in mind that the distance between the posts must correspond to the width of the insulation. Moreover, in the case of using mineral mats, it is advisable to take a step a few centimeters smaller than the width of the insulation so that it fits tightly into the space;

1. When the frame is assembled, insulation should be laid. Wherein it is necessary to ensure that there are no gaps between the mats that form cold bridges;
2. then another layer of vapor barrier film is attached to the frame;
3. After this, slats are attached to the racks on top of the film, which will serve as a counter-lattice.

This completes the frame installation process.

Sheathing

The final stage is covering the frame. It must be said that all the materials described above are installed approximately the same, with the exception of some nuances. Therefore, as an example, I will tell you how to cover the outside of a wooden house with vinyl siding:

1. First of all, the starting profile should be attached to the frame from below along the perimeter of the house using self-tapping screws. Keep in mind that it must be positioned strictly horizontally, so during the installation process it is necessary to use a building level;

1. Next, you need to install corners on the internal and external corners;
2. Now you can proceed directly to the plating. This is done very simply - they are inserted into the starting profile from below, after which they are fixed to the frame with self-tapping screws from above. In the corners, before fixing them with self-tapping screws, they should be inserted into the corner profiles;
3. then the second row of panels is installed according to the same principle, with the only difference being that their lower part is connected by a lock to the upper part of the panels of the first row;
4. Before installing the last row of panels, you should secure the finishing profile, having previously marked its position;
5. now the last row of panels is attached, which is attached to the previous row from below, and inserted into the finishing layer from above;
6. Finally, additional elements are installed - slopes, ebbs, etc.

An alternative to a suspended facade are thermal panels, which serve as insulation and at the same time a finishing material. They are attached directly to the wall without a frame using special fasteners. The cost of this material starts from 1000 rubles per square meter.

The same applies to cladding with wooden finishing materials. The only thing is that starting and finishing profiles are not used for their installation. In addition, corners on external and internal corners are installed after covering the walls.

Brick cladding

It is better to clad an old wooden house that has lost its geometry with brick. This finish is the most durable, reliably protecting external walls from external mechanical loads. In addition, such a solution will make the building much more presentable in appearance.

True, brick cladding also has some disadvantages:

• high cost of bricks - starts from 10-15 rubles per piece;
• facing masonry is a complex job that requires highly qualified masons. If you do not have the necessary experience, you will have to seek help from specialists, which will increase costs;
• brick has a lot of weight, as a result of which it is necessary to build a foundation under the facing walls.

If, despite these disadvantages, you decide to decorate the house with brick, the work should be done in this order:

1. It is necessary to begin work by preparing the facade according to the scheme described above. If necessary, you can even fix a vapor barrier on the walls and then cover them with mineral mats. The latter are attached using special umbrella dowels;
2. further along the perimeter of the house it is necessary to make a strip foundation. As a rule, a shallow foundation is sufficient, however, much depends on the characteristics of the soil. Therefore, before completing the foundation, you should consult with specialists.
   As for the process of arranging the foundation itself, you can familiarize yourself with it in detail from other articles on our resource dedicated to the construction of the foundation;
3. Next, you need to waterproof the foundation. As a rule, for this purpose several layers of roofing material are laid on the base;

1. then the first three rows of masonry are erected. In the second row, the seams between the bricks should not be filled with mortar so that vents are formed to ventilate the space, as in the photo below;
2. flexible connections are placed in the seam between the third and fourth rows, which connect the load-bearing wall to the facing wall. The step in one row should be no more than 50 cm;

1. All walls are built according to this principle. In the penultimate row under the visor, ventilation should be done, as in the second row.

This completes the exterior finishing of the wooden housing.

Finishing the house inside

Walls

Decorating the inside of a wooden house is rarely done. Most often, homeowners prefer to see natural wood walls and beams. Therefore, wooden surfaces are only treated with protective impregnation and varnish.

However, in some cases this procedure may still be required, for example, if you want to additionally insulate the house from the inside or decorate the walls with traditional materials. So the shower room, where the level of humidity is often high, is often lined with plastic panels or even ceramic tiles.

In addition, the interior decoration of an old wooden house, the walls of which have lost their natural attractiveness, may be required. In this case, it performs a purely decorative function.

It should be noted that the classic finishing option is plastering over shingles (a wooden lattice made of slats that is nailed to the walls). However, recently plaster is used extremely rarely in wooden houses for a number of reasons. Therefore, next we will consider exclusively “dry” options for interior decoration.

So, regardless of what material the walls will be sheathed with, the first step is to install the frame. Most often it is made from wooden beams.

This work is carried out like this:

1. Before finishing the walls inside the house, they need to be prepared, just like the outside - treated with a protective compound and insulated between the roof spaces;
2. if the walls will be insulated, it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap. To do this, slats are attached to the walls in a horizontal position. Each belt should be located at a distance of about 50 cm;
3. then a vapor barrier film is attached to the slats. As a result, a ventilation gap should form;
4. then vertical racks are attached, according to the same principle as on external walls;
5. if necessary, the space between the racks is filled with insulation, after which another layer of vapor barrier film is stretched;
6. Next, the counter-lattice slats are installed. Keep in mind that their location depends on the location of the finishing material. For example, if the lining will be located vertically, the counter-lattice must be made horizontal.

If further decoration of the rooms will be carried out with finishing materials, for example, lining or plastic panels, then they are simply attached to the counter-lattice with self-tapping screws and connected to each other with a locking connection.

If you plan to decorate the walls with more traditional materials, for example, wallpaper or tiles, then the frame should be sheathed with sheet materials. The best option is GVL (gypsum fiber sheets) and gypsum board (gypsum plasterboard sheets). On our portal you can find detailed information about how these materials differ.

To decorate the bathroom, it is necessary to use moisture-resistant gypsum fiber board or gypsum plasterboard sheets.

The process of finishing walls using such sheets looks a little different:

1. First of all, the sheets need to be cut and attached to the walls with self-tapping screws. Let me remind you that the latter should be located in increments of about 25 cm. The caps of the screws must be slightly recessed;
2. after covering the walls, it is necessary to prepare the joints of the sheets for further puttying - a chamfer about 5 mm wide must be removed from the ends using a mounting knife, after which it is necessary to stick on a self-adhesive reinforcing mesh;

1. Next, the surface of the walls should be treated with primer, which is applied in two layers using a painter or brushes. During this procedure, make sure that the soil is laid down in an even, thin layer.;
2. now you need to fill the joints of the sheets and the heads of the screws with starting putty;
3. After the composition dries, the entire surface of the walls is puttied. You can find out more about puttying techniques on our portal;

1. Next, the surface is pre-grinded using a special jointer and a mesh that is stretched over it. At this stage, it is necessary to remove all significant surface irregularities;
2. After this, the walls should be wiped with a damp cloth and primed again. If wallpaper or tiles are glued to the surface, the work can be completed;
3. If paint is to be applied to the walls, it is necessary to perform a final putty and carefully sand the surface with a fine mesh to remove even the smallest irregularities and scratches.

This completes the process of finishing the walls from the inside.

Ceiling

There are quite a lot of options for finishing the ceiling. Many people leave the beams exposed altogether. This gives the interior a special flavor, especially if it is decorated in a rustic style.

In this case, finishing the beams consists of treating them with protective compounds or even opening them with varnish. This procedure is not difficult at all.

If the house has a second floor, ceiling finishing may be required to ensure sound insulation. In this case, the easiest way to finish is as follows:

1. From the side of the first floor, lathing should be done. To do this, the slats need to be nailed to the floor beams;
2. Further on the side of the second floor, it is necessary to lay a vapor barrier film on the sheathing;
3. then insulation is laid on the film - this can be mineral mats, ecowool or other suitable thermal insulation material;
4. after this, another layer of waterproofing is laid;
5. then a substrate should be laid on the beams, for example, cork, this will also improve sound insulation;
6. at the end of the work, floor boards are laid, after which the finishing coating is installed;

1. Now you can attach drywall, plastic panels or other finishing material to the bottom of the sheathing. The best way to decorate the ceiling is up to you to decide, taking into account the interior design and your own preferences.

It must be said that the same principle can be used to insulate the attic of a house.

Floor

Finally, I will tell you how to finish the floor in a wooden house. Of course, the installation of materials that are laid using the “dry” method is carried out according to a standard scheme and does not contain any special features. Such materials include laminate, linoleum, carpet, etc.

But performing screeding requires a special approach. The latter may be required in the bathroom or kitchen, for example, for subsequent laying of tiles.

This procedure is carried out as follows:

1. First of all, you need to properly waterproof the floor. To do this, waterproofing is laid on it with a turn on the walls. Moreover The joints must be taped;
2. then the beacons are installed, as when pouring a regular screed;
3. After this, concrete is poured according to the standard scheme. The only thing is that reinforcing fiber should be added to the composition, which is used instead of reinforcing mesh. It is advisable to avoid the latter because it can damage the waterproofing film.

Conclusion

The exterior decoration of a wooden house, like the exterior, contains a number of nuances and can be done in several ways. Above we looked at the most optimal options that allow you to preserve wooden walls and at the same time achieve the desired result. The only thing is that during the work you must strictly adhere to the above recommendations, otherwise it may affect the durability of the entire house.

If you have any questions regarding the finishing or some points are not completely clear, write in the comments and I will be happy to answer you.

October 5, 2016

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Building houses from wood will always be popular. This is due to the unique properties of the material, both operational and aesthetic. But when carrying out construction work with your own hands, you need to take into account many nuances that will affect the durability of the walls and the entire building. One of the issues that needs to be resolved will be the interior decoration of a wooden house.

Finishing features

Do-it-yourself finishing of a wooden house from the inside should be done only after careful study of the technology and methods. It is better to cover the walls with materials that allow air to pass through well. You can also use materials that are completely sealed, but in this case the walls of the house will stop breathing.
The same rule should be taken into account when exterior finishing and insulation. If the wall cladding material does not allow air to pass through, a greenhouse effect is created in the room. In this case, to ensure a normal microclimate, a forced ventilation device will be required. Such activities require additional financial investments.

Also, the interior decoration of a wooden building with your own hands should be made from relatively light materials. In this case, finishing work from the inside will not have a strong impact on the walls and foundations (the load on them will not increase significantly).

When to start

Finishing of a wooden frame can be done only after its active shrinkage has been completed. If we are talking about an old house, then proceed without fear. If the walls were built recently, it is necessary to take into account the material from which they are built:

• laminated veneer lumber - after 3-4 months;
• ordinary timber and logs - at least after 1 year.

The exact rate of completion of shrinkage depends on the climatic characteristics of the area. Air humidity and average temperature have a strong influence. It is allowed to begin finishing the internal walls made of timber and logs only after they have been caulked. Do-it-yourself work is carried out in two stages:

• The first caulking of the walls must be carried out a few weeks after the walls are assembled;
• the second is done after 6-8 months.

To caulk the walls, you will need to prepare sealing and heat-insulating material. Jute or tow is used as it. Sometimes moss can be used. Work must be carried out simultaneously from the outside and from the inside. They start caulking from the bottom. Having insulated the crown on one side, you must immediately move to the other side. Otherwise, the walls may warp.

After completion of the insulation work, the building is raised a few centimeters. Over time, the inter-crown material will become denser and the height will become the same. It is precisely due to the tight fit of jute or tow to the logs (beams) that drafts are prevented and thermal insulation performance is increased.

After the second caulking, it is necessary to periodically measure the height of the walls. If the measurement results do not change within a couple of months, the shrinkage process has stopped. In this case, you can start finishing it yourself.

Preparatory stage

Before starting work, you need to decide whether it makes sense to line the walls from the inside. If they are folded neatly and the inter-crown insulation does not protrude from the joints, sheathing is not required. It would be cheaper and better to use paint and varnish products.

If the walls are uneven and the caulking seam is unattractive, you should think about finishing. Regardless of what materials are used, it is necessary to protect the wood from fungus and mold. For this purpose, antiseptic compounds are used.

Fire retardants are used as additional impregnation; they will increase the material’s resistance to fire.

Finish options

Do-it-yourself finishing of a wooden house can be done in the following ways:

• clapboard (various shapes);
• wall panels;
• drywall.

For all materials, you will need to make a frame along the surface of the walls. It is best to make it from wood. It is also possible to mount without a frame. But in this case, it is necessary to carefully level the base and eliminate all protruding elements. It is worth sheathing on the frame for the following reasons:

• there is no need to level the base;
• providing clearance for air circulation and drying of walls;
• the ability to lay thermal insulation material;
• you can hide the wiring.

The disadvantages of this method include the likelihood that insects or rodents will settle in the gap between the wall and the sheathing. In this case, it will be quite difficult to get rid of unwanted guests.

Cladding a house made of wood with your own hands should be done with a small gap between the ceiling. It is necessary to level out various deformations and shrinkages. The width is assumed to be 2-4 cm. It is easy to cover the space with a ceiling plinth.

Cladding

Wall decoration in this case has the most varied appearance.

Application of lining with decorative impregnation

You can use material of different widths, from different types of wood. There are also types of lining depending on the transverse profile:

• standard;
• blockhouse;
• softline;
• landhouse;
• American;
• and so on..

Attaching the finish to the wall surface with your own hands is done in several ways:

• on nails in the face (now used less and less due to aesthetic reasons);
• on nails or screws at an angle;
• on clasps.

The last two methods are quite labor-intensive. The fasteners are nailed so that there is no damage to the front surface of the lining. Instead of nails and screws, a construction stapler with staples is also used. In this case, staples with long legs and a narrow back are required. Fastening elements are made of stainless steel.

The lining is made of wood, therefore, just like a wall, it can shrink. It is better to buy chamber-drying material, but if this is not possible, the following points must be taken into account:

• Over time, natural drying planks dry out and gaps appear between the finishing elements;
• you can leave the surface as it is;
• for aesthetic reasons, you can remove the lining and re-nail it;
• during the initial fastening, it is necessary to take into account that the cladding will have to be removed; it is important to choose what will be more convenient to work with: nails or self-tapping screws.

When removing material from the base, you must be careful to prevent damage to the walls.

This option allows you to diversify the interior and give the room a unique appearance. Designers are very fond of these types of finishes; the flight of imagination is practically unlimited.

Using wall panels you can create an accent in the interior

Do-it-yourself finishing of a wooden house from wall panels can be of different types:

• wooden;
• bamboo;
• glass;
• plastic;
• leather.

Care must be taken when using glass. Such material is quite massive and can have a strong impact on the supporting structures of the building. It is not recommended to use with small thickness of wall fences.

Fastening is carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The cladding can be attached either directly to the sheathing or to a backing attached to the sheathing. The methods are quite varied depending on the material; before purchasing, it is worth studying the features of each individually. We also recommend that you read articles about interior decoration.

Application of drywall

Finishing a wooden house from plasterboard is a common occurrence. Wall cladding can be done quite easily, but the following rules must be observed:

• Drywall is not a durable material. It is quite easy to damage if broken. For this reason, it is recommended to carry out the cladding 2-3 years after construction. In this case, the building must maintain normal operating conditions (heating must be turned on).
• When installing sheathing within 1-2 years after construction, it is necessary to attach drywall to a floating frame. This will avoid damage: the base and finish will move independently of each other.
• To prevent or slow down the opening of cracks in problem areas, it is necessary to glue them with a reinforcing mesh. For the work, a mesh made of polymer material is used. Main places of reinforcement: joints, seams and corners.

Old wooden house

When performing work inside an old building, it is necessary to first assess the condition of the walls and carry out a set of protective measures. All suspicious areas on the walls are checked for strength. To do this, you can use a screwdriver, knife or chisel. Areas with the following features are considered suspicious:

• darker than the main surface;
• lighter than the main surface;
• different texture;
• different density.

If the wood crumbles, it is recommended to contact a specialist who, depending on the nature and extent of the damage, will advise the further course of action. Even if there are no defects on the surface, it is necessary to treat the base with an antiseptic.