The main schedule for autumn work in the garden: October and November. The most important work in the garden in October What to do at the dacha in October November

The main schedule for autumn work in the garden: October and November.  The most important work in the garden in October What to do at the dacha in October November
The main schedule for autumn work in the garden: October and November. The most important work in the garden in October What to do at the dacha in October November

October is one of the autumn months, which is very important for residents of the Moscow region and the rest of Russia, for preparing their cottages for wintering. In order to work fruitfully and profitably at this time, you need to know in advance what to do and make a special list of things that you must do at your favorite summer cottage. Of course, few people want to work with soil in cold and sometimes rainy weather - many prefer the warmth and comfort of home.

But on the other hand, the most hardworking and resilient will be rewarded in the spring, when the leaves begin to emerge and it will be possible to plant vegetables. By the way, some crops can and even should be planted in October! What to do at the dacha in October and what to plant in October we will consider in this material, useful for any summer resident.

What to plant at the dacha in October?

From September 20 and (if the weather is good) until October 20 is the most suitable period for planting seedlings of fruit trees and shrubs. This is an excellent time to replant raspberry and currant bushes (for the purpose of renewal).

Sowing vegetables before winter

October is a great time to plant vegetables before winter. During the winter they will sleep well under the snow cover and will emerge together in the spring.






In addition to garlic, you can plant a bed of early carrots so that you can enjoy them with a crunch in the summer. In a greenhouse or under glass you can plant early radishes, radishes, head lettuce and lettuce. Glass will protect the plantings from sudden spring frosts and retain the necessary moisture in the soil.


You can sow winter onions. To do this, select special short-day varieties that form bulbs during short sunny spring days. Currently, there are such hybrids as Radar F1 and Ibis F1.

What should a gardener do at his dacha in October?

Rosemary outdoors must be covered or brought into a warm room for the winter.


Cover perennials and biennial flowers, if necessary, with lutrasil.


Check dahlia tubers overwintering in the house regularly; Throw away wilted, rotten and diseased plants immediately.






It is worth planning the layout of ridges and flower beds, choosing compatible and suitable flowers.


After the first frost, dahlias must be dug up because their stems and leaves will immediately turn black.
To do this, you need to dig around the bushes in a circle, trying not to damage the tubers. Gently shake it off and clean the tubers from the soil. Then we trim the stems at a height of ten centimeters from the base. We make the cut just above the lignified area.


Dahlia tubers are washed with a stream of water and dried in the sun for several hours or a couple of days indoors.





For winter storage of tubers, a room with good ventilation, an air temperature of +3-8 ° C and a humidity of about 60-70% is required. In apartment conditions, dahlias can be stored on a warm glazed balcony. The nest of root tubers should be placed in a bucket and covered with a mixture of sawdust, sand and peat.

What should a gardener do at his dacha in October?

Removing young shoots

We recommend using pruning shears and an ax to remove the wild growth that has formed over the summer near mature fruit trees. If you do not do this, then in the spring it will quickly perk up and absorb many useful substances that adult specimens would need to plant a new crop.


Protect tree trunks by whitewashing so that their bark is not damaged by frost cracks in winter.






In October, leaf fall begins and therefore it is necessary to remove fallen leaves in time and burn them so that pests of apple trees and other trees cannot overwinter in them.

What should a gardener do at his dacha in October?

Leftover vegetables

In October, the first frosts begin and therefore those vegetables that you left to ripen in the garden require additional protection. We recommend covering these beds with film or lutrasil to protect the roots in case of sudden frost.

Harvesting vegetables

Cucumbers and tomatoes are finishing bearing fruit. Beets and carrots have grown. It's time to harvest vegetables. But what vegetables should be removed first?


We harvest, first of all, those vegetables that are afraid of frost. These include cucumbers, tomatoes and beets.


Frost-resistant crops such as horseradish, carrots, pumpkin and cabbage are the last to be removed from fields and dachas.





After the onset of frost, horseradish should be dug up. At this time it contains the maximum amount of nutrients.

Digging the soil

Since the soil was depleted after the next harvest, it should be fed with potassium fertilizers. They need to be added immediately before digging. Loosened soil in the fall will collect much more moisture and help nourish plant seeds in early spring.





Apply fertilizer and loosen the soil. It is better not to break clods of earth to improve air flow.

What should a winegrower do at his dacha in October?

The grapes are harvested, and therefore it is possible to treat the bushes with drugs against pests and diseases without any problems. The bushes must be trimmed, bent to the ground and covered with fresh spruce branches or peat. Grape bush cuttings must be removed from the dacha or burned.

What should a summer resident do in October?

Work in the greenhouse

In October, after harvesting vegetables, in the greenhouse you can dig up the soil and treat the glass and frames of this structure with phytosporin or copper sulfate. After finishing the cleaning, you can light the FAS sulfur bomb and tightly close all the cracks and doors with vents. This procedure will protect against the spread of dangerous fungal diseases, for example, late blight.

Preparing inventory for storage

After the summer season, it is likely that some of the gardening equipment was scattered around the site and broken. Therefore, it is worth conducting an autumn audit of your instrument. Make a list of missing tools so that you can purchase the necessary things over the winter or spring.


The remaining tools should be cleaned of dirt and stored.

Dig up soil for seedlings

It's literally worth digging the soil into buckets. To have something to grow seedlings in. Many even experienced summer residents forget about such a trifle and then rack their brains about where to get soil for seedlings.

Compost heap care

Collect tops and plant stems into a compost heap. Treat them with urea solution. Cover the top with roofing felt or thick film.

The full moon in October 2018 will occur on the 24th at 19:45 Kyiv time. On this day, according to astrologers, there are many prohibitions.

During this period of the lunar cycle, the celestial body has the most powerful influence on nature and the human body. As a result, the number of accidents increases, the risk of worsening health problems and the commission of crimes increases.

The full moon phase represents a difficult period in which people, on the one hand, can achieve a breakthrough in work or creativity, but on the other hand, suffer from an exacerbation of health problems or an accident.

Astrologer Elena Moldovanova warns that on October 24 you cannot plan affairs and meetings from which you expect development, results and profits in the future.

“The day can generally go stupidly: plans are disrupted, people around you let you down, they are late, they forget or lose something. Equipment breaks down,” the astrologer writes on his Instagram.

“We remember about the increased level of accidents and injuries, we avoid situations involving a risk to life, increased attention on the roads, you should not repair electrical appliances or wiring. We try not to sort things out, it’s better not to communicate at all on Wednesday with those who are unpleasant and annoying - it’s easy run into conflict and a complete break in relations,” Moldovanov noted.

Addition, expansion (@moldovanova_astrolog) 22 Zhov 2018 r. about 9:47 PDT

What not to do on the full moon in October:

Giving and borrowing;

Do not make comments to people who react incorrectly to them;

Shopping;

Do not plan long trips;

Avoid quarrels and conflicts;

You can't be lazy;

You cannot cut your nails and hair;

Sign important documents.

What to do in the garden, flower beds and vegetable garden in October.

List of works at the dacha in October

October is the second month of autumn, and the worries are not getting any less. (We need to have time to harvest the late harvest - the first frosts begin, ice appears on the water. It’s time to prepare for winter.

Signs of October

The leaves of birch and oak begin to fall off at the same time - leading to a harsh winter.

On Pokrov the wind blows from the east - the winter will be cold.

Thunder rumbles in October - the winter will be short, soft, snow-white.

The first snow fell in October - wait for winter in 40 days.

If on October 3 the north wind blows, it will be cold, if the south wind blows, it will be warm, if the west wind blows, it will be wet, if the east wind blows, it will be a bucket.

October 14 - Pokrov, wedding season begins. If the wind is changeable on this day, winter will also be changeable.

Work on the lunar calendar for October

New moon. You cannot plant or replant plants during the new moon, but this time is perfect for foliar feeding of houseplants.

Waxing Crescent. A favorable time for planting and replanting shrubs and trees, a good time for winter sowing. Disinfect greenhouses, replant plants, and trim bushes.

In the middle of the waxing Moon phase, you should rest for a couple of days - you can neither plant nor sow. And at the end of the phase, you can start planting bulbs and herbs for forcing and winter sowing. This is also a good time for pest control.

Full moon. You cannot plant or arrange plants.

Waning moon. The first few days of the waning Moon are favorable for feeding seedlings and planting winter crops - garlic, onions, hyacinths.

The next few days should be devoted to winter sowing of vegetables and flowers, as well as carrying out sanitation work in the garden by cleaning and trimming unnecessary plant debris. Use this time to water and feed the plants - they will overwinter better, the main thing is not to touch the above-ground part.

At the end of the phase, the remaining crop is harvested, unnecessary branches are trimmed, unnecessary bushes and trees are cut down, and the area is restored to order.

List of works in the garden and vegetable garden

They collect apples and pears that have not yet been picked, sort them out and put the fruits into storage. Bad fruits are collected and burned along with the leaves. Also at this time, root crops of carrots, beets, and radishes are harvested for winter storage.

After the leaves fall, the trees are treated with a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture. It is also good to water the entire depth of the rhizome, which will serve as a good moisture recharge for the tree. It is necessary to insulate the root system of trees with manure, dry leaves and humus.

Early October is a good time to plant fruit trees, a few weeks before the onset of frost. The seedlings are planted in pre-prepared planting holes, where the soil will not be flooded in the spring. The roots are covered with soil, compact the soil, provide watering, and protect against the penetration of rodents.

To scare away hares, mix 300 g of naphthalene, 100 g of copper sulfate, 2 liters of vegetable oil, 3.5 kg of soap and 400 g of turpentine, this mixture is diluted in 10 liters of water. The solution is applied to the bark.

If there are clutches of viburnum leaf beetle and hawthorn on the trunks, it’s time to get rid of them. Infected parts are cleaned or cut off and burned.

Pre-winter sowing of vegetables

To get a good onion harvest next year, you need to plant seed onions with a diameter of 1 cm.

In October, the remaining harvest of white, red, and Brussels sprouts is harvested.

October is a good month for digging up horseradish rhizomes. At the same time, leeks are removed. The onion is dug up, the feathers are cut off, leaving the tip up to 20 cm, the root lobe is trimmed, and the onion is tied into bunches. It is best to store onions in a cool, ventilated, dry, dark place.

Before frost, leftover herbs and perennial onions can be transplanted into pots and brought home, so you'll always have fresh greens throughout the winter.

In October, the time comes to prepare the beds for winter sowing of dill, radishes, carrots, and parsley in the frozen ground. They store soil for sowing seeds and make furrows 1 cm deep.

Although most of the harvest has already been harvested, late cabbage still remains in the beds and continues to grow. Therefore, it needs to be fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and do not forget to water it.

Shrub care in October

This time is suitable for planting shrubs. Black currants are planted at an angle, the roots are buried 8 cm into the ground. Gooseberries are planted without tilting and deepened only 6 cm. In October, they finish pruning raspberries. This year's shoots are carefully bent to the ground, secured and covered so that they overwinter better.

In October, currants and gooseberries are hilled up to 12 cm and covered with material.

Strawberries need protection if the beds with them are located on a hill. It is covered with shavings, sawdust, spruce branches or other covering material with a layer of up to 15 cm.

Workers in a flower garden in October

For flowers with basal leaves (blue aster, heuchera, carnations, gravilate, daylily, lupine, multipetal, primrose, pyrethrum), the leaves and faded stems are cut off low.

In order for evening primrose to grow, it is necessary to cut off the stems, leaving small rosettes with green leaves.

The leaves of the iris must be cut off, leaving a height of 15 cm. The basal green leaves of the oriental poppy are not touched, only the stems are cut, the soil around is loosened and fertilized with compost to a height of 5 cm.

After the first frost, gonia tubers are harvested for winter storage. The begonia is carefully inspected, the damaged above-ground part is cut off, the tubers with roots are placed in boxes and put away in a cool, dry, ventilated room.

They are starting to prepare the roses for winter. They are spudded, the buds and tops of the shoots are cut off. After the first frost, you can start working on late gladioli. The plants are cut off from the leaves and stem, leaving only 1.5 cm, the resulting bulbs are laid out in boxes with ventilation, and set to dry at a temperature of +20-25 ° C. After a couple of days, they are placed for a week in a place where the temperature is about +35 °C. When the bulbs are dry, they are cleaned and dried at a temperature of about +20 ° C for another 1 month.

This time is suitable for working with galtonia. It is necessary to cut the stem at the base, then dry the resulting bulbs for 1-2 weeks in a dry, dark, well-ventilated room. The dried bulbs are placed in a cardboard box and stored at a temperature of up to 12 ° C.

You can also do acidanthera. The stems are cut to the base, the bulbs themselves are dried at a temperature of +20 degrees, then stored in a well-ventilated area.

October is suitable for practicing perennial flowers, which remain in the ground for the winter. In astilbe, aster, cornflower, columbine, gaillardia, gypsophila, delphinium, goldenrod, bellflower, coreopsis, lily of the valley, liatris, lily, lychnis, milkweed, monarda, peony, rudbeckia, scabiosa, yarrow, phlox and echinacea, cut off the leaves and stems, leaving only about 3 cm.

We need to take care of the dahlias. After the first frost, when the flowers are damaged, you can already dig up the tubers for winter storage. Dahlias are unplanted, the stems are cut, leaving 10 cm, a groove is laid around the dahlia, and the tubers are dug out with a pitchfork. The tubers are carefully shaken off, the soil is washed off, and dried a little. When the tubers are dry, they are examined, small roots are cut off, damage and diseased areas are removed, and the sections are sprinkled with crushed charcoal. Then the tubers are placed in a cool place with a temperature of up to +10 ° C for 2-3 weeks. The dried tubers are placed in a box covered with paper, sprinkled with sawdust and dry river sand, and covered with paper on top. The boxes are placed in a cool and dry place with a temperature of +5 ° C and humidity up to 60%.

Clematis are removed and trimmed, leaving only a node from the ground. They also feed with fertilizer and add compost under the flowers.

Bulbous perennial plants (narcissus, lilies and hyacinths), prepared for winter, are covered with dry leaves, opiates and spruce branches, which will protect the bulbs from frost in winter. And the spruce branches will also protect the bulbs from rodents.

Vineyard care in October

After the harvest, the time comes to combat pests and diseases, so the grapes are treated with drugs. Then strong seedlings from the school are planted, since at this time they are better accepted and develop the root system. Young shoots are covered with peat and spruce branches, old bushes are pruned and placed in pre-prepared grooves. Trimmed unusable plant parts of the vineyard are dried and burned.

October

The time has come to clean the site, winter fertilizing and planting. Remember that many fruit trees and shrubs are recommended to be planted in autumn.

October 1 to October 10, October 28 to October 31 - waxing moon. Time for planting, transplanting and dividing perennials. Pre-winter sowing of perennials, fertilizing with mineral fertilizers, and planting seedlings of trees and shrubs are recommended. Harvest leafy vegetables and fruits and berries. A good time for pickling and canning, making wine, and cutting flowers.

from October 11 to October 13 - full moon, exact time - October 12, 05:06. During this period, it is better to limit yourself to weeding, loosening and mulching the soil.

from October 14 to 24 - waning moon. Time for winter sowing of root crops and bulbous crops. It is possible to carry out moisture-recharging irrigation, storing crops, digging up perennial tubers, digging and cleaning the site. Successful destruction of pests and cuttings. Perform sanitary pruning, harvest roots and bulbs, and prepare firewood.

from October 25 to October 27 - new moon, exact time - October 26, 22:56. On the day of the new moon, it is better not to carry out any work, but on the days before and after, start eliminating weeds and pests.

1. CLEANING THE SITE IN OCTOBER

Place the tops and fallen leaves in the compost, treating them with a urea solution. For perennials, remove dying aerial parts. Empty and invert water containers.

2. DIGGING THE GARDEN

Apply fertilizer and loosen the soil. This can be non-moldboard loosening with a flat cutter or digging with formation turnover. It is better not to break clods of earth to improve air flow.

3. PODZIMNY NOW

At the end of the month, sow cold- and frost-resistant crops - carrots, parsley, dill, celery. Their seeds should swell but not germinate. It is recommended to do this in several stages to determine what time period is appropriate for your area.

4. CLEANING AND CARE OF THE GARDEN IN OCTOBER

Check if the berry bushes are well mulched. Trim dry branches on trees, clear trunks and skeletal branches of dead bark, and remove mummified fruits.

5. PROTECTION OF FRUIT TREES

Clear the area of ​​debris. Burn all plant debris and weeds. The trunks of young trees are protected by tying them with roofing felt or roofing felt. In this case, the lower part of the material should be buried 5-10 cm into the ground, and then trampled well around it. Place fishing belts on the trunks of fruit trees.

6. CLEANING AND DIGGING OUT HORSERADISH

After the onset of frost, dig up the horseradish. It is at this time that the plant accumulates the greatest amount of nutrients. Select the roots clean so that the plant does not grow throughout the entire area.

7. CLEANING THE GREENHOUSE

Remove the film from the greenhouse. Delay may result in frame deflection during sudden snowfall. Please note that in early or mid-October you need to end the greenhouse season by removing all plant debris. The greenhouse must be treated for disease prevention with a disinfectant, such as soda ash or chlorine water.

To sow winter onions, choose short-day varieties that form bulbs during the short (albeit rapidly increasing) spring day. Until recently, only one hybrid was popular - “Wolf Fl”, but now others have already appeared - “Radar F1”, “Ibis f1”.

9. DIGGING DAHLIA IN OCTOBER

  1. After the first frost, dahlias must be dug up, as their leaves and stems immediately turn black.
  2. Dig around the bush in a circle, being careful not to damage the tubers. Gently shake it off and clean the tubers from the soil. Now cut the stems to a height of 10-15 cm from the base. The cut is made above the lignified area.
  3. Dahlia tubers are washed with a stream; water and dry in the sun for 2-3 hours or two days indoors.
  4. For winter storage of tubers, use a frost-free room with good ventilation, air temperature +3-8 ° C and humidity 60-70%. In an apartment, dahlias can be stored on a glassed-in balcony. The nest of root tubers should be placed in a container and covered with sawdust, sand or peat.

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10. HARVESTING CABBAGE IN OCTOBER

At the beginning of the month, dig up the cauliflower, its inflorescence is about to burst, and then bury it in the basement or greenhouse. Remove late cabbage. If frozen water and ice are found at the tops of the leaves, remove the covering leaves, dry the heads of cabbage and store them. When laying, select the heads according to their early maturity. Cover the rot spots with a mixture of sand, slaked lime and chalk.

11. PREVENTION OF GARDEN DISEASES

After the first frost, spray the crowns and trunks of apple and pear trees with a 5 percent urea solution (at the rate of 500 g per 10 liters of water). At the end of the month, spray stone fruit trees with a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture (300 g of Bordeaux mixture per 10 liters of water) against coccomycosis and moniliosis in cherries and sweet cherries and cluster-sporiosis and moniliosis in peach and plum.

12. PLANTING TREES IN OCTOBER

To maintain the planting pattern in the garden, plant a new seedling in place of the dead tree. It is better to alternate crops - instead of pome crops (apple trees, pears, quince, rowan), plant stone fruit crops (cherries, cherries, plums, cherry plums, apricots, peach) or berry trees, and vice versa. To avoid soil fatigue, the planting hole is dug no closer than 1.5 m from the trunk of the dead tree. They are usually arranged in rows.

13. PLANTING BULBS IN OCTOBER

Bulbs can be grown in any soil, but light, nutritious loams with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction are most preferred. Up to 30 kg of sand and 10-15 kilograms of peat are added to heavy soils, and 150-200 g of chalk per 1 m2 is added to acidic soils. 20-30 days before planting, the site must be dug to a depth of 35-40 cm and 25-40 cm added per 1 m2. 30 kg of well-rotted manure, 200 g of ash and 200 g of chicken droppings. These plants are planted at the beginning of the month in sunny or semi-shaded areas where there is no stagnant water. The general rule for planting bulbs is to pour a few millimeters of sand into the planting hole, the depth of which is equal to the height of 3 bulbs. The bulbs are planted at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other. They are installed vertically in the hole, carefully pressed into the sand and covered with soil on top.

Autumn garden cleaning and gardening work

Where to start general cleaning? Of course, from inspecting the territory, preparing equipment and tools, as well as drawing up an action plan. The worst thing to happen to the lawn in winter is the lawn, so it’s best to start preparing for the cold from this area. Now is the best time for the last cutting: before the onset of frost, the grass will have time to grow to a sufficient height.

Therefore, as soon as October brings a day or two of dry weather, mow the lawn, but not too short, leaving the turf 5-8 cm high. Taller grass may freeze and dry out over the winter. If the lawn is “bald” in some places, then you can sprinkle seeds on the “bald patches” (the ants will not take them away, and in the spring they will have time to germinate before the first mowing). And be sure to feed your lawn with potassium fertilizers; they will help you survive even severe frosts.

Fallen leaves, grass felt and debris have no place on the lawn, so first make it beautiful, and then work with the aerator, allowing air and moisture access to the roots. If autumn turns out to be excessively rainy, put the aerator aside and take a pitchfork, pierce the turf to the maximum possible depth to drain water into the lower layers of the soil. Otherwise, as soon as frost hits, the wet lawn will be covered with an ice crust, and by spring - unsightly bald spots. Tip: at the end of autumn, mulch the lawn with a mixture of peat and sand (layer 2-3 cm), pouring it under the roots and not on the blades of grass.

It’s not just the lawn that will have to be mowed in the fall: trees and shrubs also need special sanitary pruning. This necessary procedure should be carried out after the beginning of leaf fall, but before the onset of stable frosts. Important: pruning should not be carried out if the air temperature has dropped to -8 ° C: in such conditions, the wood becomes brittle and when pruning, longitudinal cracks may appear in it, which will become wider and deeper over the winter and ultimately can lead to the death of the tree. First of all, remove diseased, dry, broken branches, as well as “offender” branches: those that grow deep into the crown and thicken it or extend far beyond its limits. In shrubs, it is necessary to remove excess root shoots and shoots, as well as dried branches. Remember: the cuts must be smooth, even, without burrs of the bark. Wounds should not be left untreated - they attract pests and serve as the basis for the formation of cavities and cracks, so immediately after pruning, cover them with garden varnish or a special paste. And before applying the putty, clean the cut from sawdust, remove chips and bark burrs and sprinkle with a 2% solution of copper sulfate. After pruning, carefully free the trunks and branches from mosses and lichens and old dead bark, because it is under their shelter that the enemies of your garden - weevils, moths and scale insects - prefer to overwinter. And be sure to remove wintering butterfly nests and dried fruits from the trees! Having collected all this plant debris, be sure to set it on fire so that the pests do not have a single chance of survival.

You should not put off whitewashing the trees until after the weathering: generously apply lime to the trunks and bases of skeletal branches, this “war paint” will help protect the bark from winter temperature changes and sunburn. For young trees, use freshly slaked lime (2-3 kg per 10 liters of water), adding clay to it (1 kg per specified rate) for better adhesion.

The next object of your concern is. At this time of year, pond and coastal plants gradually begin to die off; in no case do not let this process take its course and remove the plants as they wither so that they do not fall into the pond and do not have time to decompose, poisoning the water.

At the same time, remove leaves from the surrounding trees and other plant debris from the surface. The heat-loving inhabitants of the pond must be transported to “winter apartments” even before frost - these plants must be kept indoors at a temperature of 10-13 "C. Important: if fish also live in the pond, in the fall pamper them with food high in protein, and put them on the bottom several pieces of plastic pipes, they will play the role of a winter house. Important: you can leave fish for wintering in a pond only if its depth is more than 80 cm.

Having finished preparing the most significant objects of your summer cottage for winter, turn your attention to the land, which now especially needs your help. Important procedures are also provided for her in the autumn.

Moisture-recharging irrigation stimulates root growth, prevents shoots from drying out and roots from dying in dry, frozen soil.

It should be carried out towards the end of October, before stable frosts on the soil. The main difficulty here is to correctly determine the amount of water required for such irrigation. The fact is that overmoistening the soil is no less dangerous than underwatering, because in excessively wet soil the roots suffocate from lack of air, their growth and development are inhibited and they begin to die. When watering young trees, water is distributed evenly around the circumference of the trunk circle, and for fruit-bearing trees - along the periphery of the crown. Any plantings should be watered in small portions, 10-20 liters each, with a break of 1-2 hours, so that the water is absorbed into the soil and does not flow away in an unknown direction.

Important: the irrigation rate is at least 50 liters of water per 1 m2 of tree trunk circle. Soil moisture is considered sufficient if, within half an hour after watering, its top layer (no more than 1-2 cm deep) resembles thick sour cream in consistency: it gets your hand dirty, but does not flow. And try not to forget about the “rule of three”:

  • You cannot take water for irrigation from a well or well; it must warm up to the air temperature, and ideally exceed it by 2-3 °C.
  • Do not wash away the soil with a strong stream from a watering can or hose; it can injure thin roots. Keep the spout of the watering can low above the ground, and when watering with a hose, use a divider.
  • Do not wet the tree trunk, as this can lead to cracking of the bark.

Digging the earth is another mandatory autumn procedure.

Although in fairness it should be noted that recently its feasibility is increasingly being questioned. Proponents of organic farming argue that by digging up the soil, we create ideal conditions for the death of beneficial soil microorganisms and for the growth of weed seeds, and by trying to give the roots air, we sometimes get rid of the roots themselves.

In fact, the need for digging is determined by the type of soil. For heavy clay and uncultivated soils, autumn digging is mandatory; for light and loose soils, it should be replaced by deep loosening. In the garden, soil cultivation begins immediately after harvesting, removing weeds and applying the necessary fertilizers. If the weather is dry, you can burn dried vegetable tops and weeds, and mix the ash with fertilizer and add it to the soil. Important: pay special attention to ensuring that the soil remains in large clods in winter; they better retain moisture and retain snow, and by spring, under the influence of wind, rain, frost, they will disintegrate into small lumps.

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At the beginning of October there are several urgent tasks in the garden, the implementation of which is the key to good growth and development of plants next year. Have time to do everything!

Although it has gotten colder, and outside the window it is either raining or windy, the autumn garden is still beautiful - variegated asters and chrysanthemums, scarlet chokeberry, fire marigolds and tender octobers replace the sun in the garden plot. And when the weather gets a little better, the gardener, throwing on his jacket, arms himself with either a pruning shears or a shovel - there is still a lot to do in October.

Before the snow comes, you need to prepare the area for wintering.

Planting trees and shrubs

The best time for planting deciduous trees and shrubs with an open root system is from the end of September to October 15. It is better to plant in holes prepared in advance and filled with fertile soil and fertilizers (preferably 2-3 weeks in advance), since by the time of planting the soil has time to settle and the fertilizers have mixed and dissolved.

Good survival rate of seedlings will be ensured by the use of root or heteroauxin when planting. To protect new plantings from freezing (in case of unexpected severe frosts), it is advisable to mulch the tree trunk circles with peat chips or bark after abundant watering.

Planting tulips

If the second half of September is the time for planting small bulbs, then October is the time for tulips. According to a pre-developed planting plan, they begin to lay out the bulbs in the flower beds, and then plant them. It is better to plant using a scoop or a special planter to a depth of about 10 cm.

Plant pruning

There are a number of plants that do not tolerate spring pruning (for example, maple, birch, actinidia). It is better to prune them at the beginning of October, since by this time the plants have stopped sap flow, they are preparing for winter, and there will still be time for wounds to heal before the onset of stable frosts.

After leaf fall, you can trim currants, gooseberries, and raspberries. At this time, they begin to rejuvenate the raspberry bushes, removing the fruit-bearing stems.

Autumn digging of tree trunks

The best time to complete this work is the beginning of yellowing of the leaves, that is, before active root growth in the fall.

The depth of digging under trees is 8 - 10 - 20 cm (to the level of suction roots, which is determined by control excavation according to the projection of the crown), and under bushes - 5 - 8 cm. Digging the soil reduces the number of pests that overwinter in the soil. Once on the surface, they die from frost.

Feeding

As a rule, digging up tree trunk circles is combined with the application of fertilizers. Most often this is done in September and early October. Fertilizer application rates depend on the type of soil, crop, age and condition of the plantings.

Organic fertilizers are applied at the rate of 4 - 8 kg of humus or compost per 1 square meter. meter of area. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are also applied: 30 - 40 g of superphosphate and 15 - 20 g of potassium nitrate or potassium salt.

On acidic soils, lime is added before digging at a rate of 150 - 300 g per square meter. meter or wood ash - 300 - 500 g per square meter. meter.

Pre-winter watering

In autumn, the root system of trees and shrubs begins to grow intensively, and good watering is required for normal root growth. It is carried out, as a rule, in the second ten days of October, taking into account, of course, weather conditions, as well as the proximity of groundwater.

However, when choosing the timing of watering, you need to consider the following. If October is warm, then it is necessary to shift these dates to a later date, since a large amount of moisture in combination with good, warm weather can have the opposite effect - the buds will begin to bloom, the secondary growth of young shoots will begin and the winter hardiness of the plant will sharply decrease.

Watering is especially important if there has been a dry summer and early autumn. Abundant watering is carried out to a depth of 50 - 60 cm, when the average daily temperature drops +5 - +2 C. It is called sub-winter.

Pre-winter watering is of great importance, since a large amount of moisture in the soil prevents it from freezing quickly, thereby improving the wintering conditions of plants, minimizing deformation of the root system and providing a sufficient amount of moisture in the spring.

Autumn spraying of plants

  • if there were fungal diseases on the trees and bushes, and also to prevent them, then it is a good idea to spray them with a 6 - 8% solution of ferrous sulfate;
  • Spraying branches, trunks and soil under trees and bushes with a 1% solution of copper sulfate will also help against fungal diseases;
  • if there was scab on the fruit trees, then they are sprayed after picking the fruits, but before the leaves fall, with a 4% urea solution.

Collecting fallen leaves

Fallen leaves must be removed from both the lawn and the orchard. Leaves should not be left on the lawn, as the grass begins to deteriorate under the leaves with the onset of autumn rains.

If the foliage is healthy, then it can be composted, but if there are signs of fungal diseases, then it is better to burn such leaves. In an orchard, carrion must be destroyed, since it is a source of infections in the area.

Lawn care

As a rule, the last mowing of the lawn is carried out on October 15 - 20, depending on the weather, the mowing height should be 1 - 3 centimeters higher than usual. The grass should not be left unmown in the winter, since during the winter the dead parts of the plants will cause the appearance of rot, mold and other fungal diseases.

However, it is not recommended to mow the grass just before frost to avoid weakening it. After mowing, it is necessary to comb the lawn, thus removing dead felt, which in winter interferes with the growing season of plants.

Garden Decor Ideas for October

A bright pumpkin will be especially noticeable on a garden bench under an empty tree.

Large stones and boulders are mysterious in early spring and late autumn. Trimmed grass around will only emphasize their monumentality.

In a garden gazebo: throw a handful of bright beads or pebbles onto a flat plate, place a couple of apples nearby - a simple still life will lift your spirits on a cloudy day.