Autumn apples are large burgundy. Varieties of apples: varieties and their description. Summer varieties of apple trees

Of course, apples are red, dessert varieties like Red Delicious literally burn in the sun, and it’s hard to believe that they are not artificial, but inside even such beauties the flesh is still ordinary light green or milky white. What a surprise it is when, having bitten off a ripe, juicy, scarlet apple, you see inside the flesh almost the same color as the skin!

I immediately want to plant something similar on my site, but the lack of knowledge often stops.

Today we will try to lift the veil of secrecy over red meat apples, tell their story, explain how to grow them correctly, and introduce the most interesting varieties.

Origin of "red-meat" apples

With the advent of the new gardening season, nurseries strive to attract buyers and churn out catalogs and brochures with photographs of beautiful fruits and berries. Every year, in almost any price list, you can find some kind of curiosity - either a raspberry tree, or a good old yoshta, which is passed off as something magical and insanely useful, or an ordinary dereza under the loud name "goji".

In the current season, the leading nurseries seem to have decided to “surprise” and “please” with red meat varieties of apples, moreover, they offer foreign cultivars in vying, passing them off as literally a miracle of breeding thought.

Articles about GMO apples have already rained down, in which almost the shrimp gene is introduced in order for the pulp to give off such redness. However, against the backdrop of all this hype, caused by only one goal - to make money, gardeners forget to look into a banal directory, from where you can easily find out that the first varieties of red meat apples were obtained by Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, who did not see anything surprising in these fruits and often called them "marriage."

The very first variety of Michurin is Malinovka (now Suislepskoe or Suisleper). The color of the fruit of this apple is raspberry, the flesh is pink at the skin, and in the center it has scarlet streaks or even the usual milky white color.

The variety is very interesting, the trees are small, one might say, decorative, the apples are delicious, and you can surprise your neighbors. However, there are also disadvantages - the variety is hard to endure winters, often freezes out, its fruits are practically not stored at all and are very poorly transported, and the yield of trees is very weak, so the variety has the honor of "dilute" the gardens of perhaps collectors. But this does not at all prevent these apple trees from decorating various kinds of catalogs, where quite a solid price tag often flaunts under the name of the variety and photo.

Is it all that difficult?

Indeed, was it difficult to get such an apple tree and is there a trace of the controversial GMO? In fact, there is nothing difficult, breeders, including Ivan Vladimirovich, have been helped and are helping nature. Among the wide variety of apple species, there is Nedzwiecki's apple tree, which is literally saturated with anthocyanins, that is, coloring substances, you know, cross different varieties with it and get "red meat" as a dominant, leading trait.

Michurin did not set himself the goal of breeding red-fleshed apple trees, he, given the high winter hardiness

apple trees of Nedzvetsky, tried to develop a dessert and frost-resistant variety, and therefore crossed southern cultivars with it, and the great breeder simply rejected what we are happy about.

Michurin's contemporaries mentioned that the breeder at one time became interested in crossing various kinds of cultivars with Nedzwiecki's apple tree and used even Antonovka in such work. The result was not bad, a new variety was obtained, which Michurin called Yakhontov. The newcomer was very good, the apples are large, tasty, fragrant, and the plant itself turned out to be very winter-hardy. Deciding to improve the result, I.V. Michurin crossed Yakhontovoe and Bellefleur-Chinese, and the result of this was the Bellefleur red apple known throughout Europe.

The uniqueness of this apple was recognized even in the West, where they have always been skeptical about the creations of Russian breeders. The apple was large, tasty, scarlet inside, and the tree itself was winter-hardy and drought-resistant. The variety has become almost the main one for the production of bright marmalade, candied fruit, jam. A lot of time has passed, and Bellefleur red can still be found in the gardens of both amateurs and professionals. Among other things, this variety was also magnificent during the flowering period, since its flowers were not whitish-pink, but deep red, like a peach. Even the leaves at a young age were striking, changing color from deep red to purple.

Caring for red-fleshed apple varieties

Let's start with agricultural technology. In general, red meat apple trees are not demanding, but there is always a risk of death in a harsh winter. As for the attitude to the soil, such apple trees love the soil more nutritious, loose, moisture and breathable, with plenty, but not excess moisture, and they prefer an open, bright place, but reliably protected from the north wind by a wall of a house or a fence. Professional gardeners point out that unusual apple trees grow best on dark gray, gray forest soils and, of course, chernozems.

Before planting, dig the soil deeply, adding 5-6 kg of humus or well-rotted manure, 250-300 g of wood ash and 1 tbsp for digging. a spoonful of nitroammophoska.

It is best to plant apple trees in the spring, but always before bud break. Planting is normal, care is also standard, but these apple trees love watering, and if it's hot, you can spend them at least every week, pouring a couple of buckets under a tree. Top dressing is quite trivial: in the spring -1 tbsp. a spoonful of nitroammofoska, during the flowering period - 200 g of wood ash, and in order to less shed the valuable ovary - 1 teaspoon of superphosphate and potassium salt.

There are few differences from an ordinary, so to speak, apple tree. It can be noted that at first the root system grows more actively than the aerial part, such apple trees grow, so you should not be afraid of weakened growths in the first year or the next season after planting. The second difference is the later flowering, fruiting, ripening than most apple trees, and the third is the early entry into the fruiting season, usually the very next year after planting.

Gardeners also note that flowering spreads through the apple tree like a fire, the lowest flowers bloom first, then those in the center of the crown bloom, and finally, the crown blooms. Apple trees grafted on dwarf rootstocks bloom a little longer than the rest, so if your plans include decorating the site, then you need to buy just such seedlings.

Red meat apple trees are actively gnawed by mice, so it is imperative to provide for the installation of plastic nets in the autumn. The fruits can be affected by the codling moth, given this, do not forget to install trapping belts in early May.

Varieties of apples with red flesh

Well, in conclusion, in order to direct the reader in the right direction, we will give examples of the most successful, in our opinion, foreign varieties, because it is now much more difficult to get domestic varieties. These varieties have been tested, tested, so you can safely purchase them.

Baya Marisa- scarlet fruits with snow-white dots on the skin. The apples themselves with pulp soaked in juice, amazing taste. The fruits lie without problems until the end of winter. The mass of each apple is about 200 g, the apple trees begin to bear fruit the very next year after planting, and the fruits can be harvested in the last days of September. Alas, the variety has drawbacks - it is often affected by powdery mildew and scab, but rarely freezes.

Pink Pearl ("pink pearl")- this variety has apples with an average weight of about 200 g, ripen at the end of August, the skin is light green in color with a slight pink blush on the south side, but inside there is a real anthocyanin explosion, the flesh is rich scarlet in color with a small light rim in the center. When consuming fruits, fragrant juice literally flows out of them, the pulp is so tasty that after eating one apple, you definitely want a second one. Each carefully picked apple will lie for at least 150 days. Of the minuses, the same weak resistance to scab and powdery mildew.

Redlove Odysso is designed for fans of the unusual. Everything is impregnated with anthocyanins - the pulp of fruits, flowers, leaves and even shoots. The apples themselves are without surprises - scarlet both outside and inside, weighing a little more than 200 g, ripening in early October. If you manage to assemble the EU-/m without damage, then they will lie without problems until the beginning of February. The variety is resistant to scab, but powdery mildew is still affected.

redlove era- another miracle with dark crimson flowers and reddish streaks on green leaves. Apples are rounded, dark red in color and have a pleasant taste. The mass of each apple is slightly more than 200 g, they ripen together in mid-September, and are stored until the New Year. It has been noticed that during storage, the scarlet pulp acquires a sugary taste and becomes even tastier.

Vinerpo- apples of this variety have a dark red color of the pulp, on the surface of which purple stripes are visible. The flesh is not very bright, it is rather pale pink in color, very juicy and unusually tasty. Gardeners note one interesting feature of the variety - its fruits can be colored differently on the same tree, more precisely, not the fruits themselves, but their pulp. This is a kind of lottery: you can pick a fruit that will be bright scarlet, pink, pale pink or even the usual white-green inside. The mass of each fruit can also vary greatly - from 120 g to 150 g, but the ripening period is always constant - the last days of the first autumn month, and apples are stored together until the end of winter. Of the undoubted advantages of the variety, it is worth noting its resistance to scab and powdery mildew.

: Immune and disease resistant...

To date, there are many varieties of apple trees: they are summer, autumn and winter. In the first case, fruit ripening occurs around July. You need to eat such apples for 2-3 weeks. Autumn harvest in early September. They are stored in most cases until January. The latter become completely ready for use by the beginning of winter. These are the most recumbent species that can retain all their properties until the beginning of summer.

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summer varieties

These varieties ripen in mid-August. Their main feature is a friendly harvest. This property allows you to almost immediately collect all the apples and eat them or send them for processing. But at the same time, it is necessary to constantly monitor the fruits on the trees to prevent carrion. It is the summer varieties that are prone to rapid crop shedding. If you miss the moment, you will have to select the most suitable fruits from the surface of the earth.

At the same time, it is the early ripe types of fruits that contain the maximum of vitamins. It is believed that due to their small size, summer apples ripen earlier. But there are varieties with large fruits.

Melba

Some fruits reach 200 g in weight. The color is yellow with a slight pink tint. The consistency is fine-grained, the pulp is juicy, white. Despite the fact that the variety is included in the summer category, the fruits are well preserved up to 2 months. This type of apple tree is ideal for making cider. "Welsey" is recognized as the best pollinator for him.




Recently, according to gardeners, Melba has changed somewhat. After the first fruiting, which is usually abundant, the apple tree begins to freeze. This is due to the large expenditure of tree forces for the development of fruits on the branches. For this reason, it does not have time to prepare for wintering. Accordingly, it is necessary to provide optimal care for the culture after the first full fruiting. This period falls on the 5th year of the life of the apple tree. In the next season, the risk of freezing is excluded.



Candy

Sweet-sour variety. Outwardly, the fruits are distinguished by a light yellow color with a reddish dashed blush. The weight of apples reaches 120 g.



Candy

The harvest can hardly be called friendly, since for a long time you can collect fresh fruits directly from the tree. According to the ripening period, this variety belongs to summer, the fruits remain on the tree and do not fall off.



Lungwort

Ideal for conservation and subsequent processing. Fruits, weighing from 100 to 150 g, medium-sized. The pulp is fragrant, juicy. Apples, fully ripe, acquire a yellow tint with a fuzzy red blush. The taste is sweet, honey.




The fruits are suitable for consumption even when unripe. The variety is characterized by resistance to scab and is considered one of the most unpretentious.

Summer striped

The ripening of the variety occurs in July. The tree has a pyramidal crown shape, due to which it is particularly decorative. Sometimes there may be problems with harvesting and storing it. The fruits are very crumbly.




They can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 3 weeks. Fruit weight does not exceed 150 g. The pulp is juicy, loose, the skin is thin. The taste of apples is sour-sweet with a strong aroma. The fruits are green, but covered with a raspberry blush. Fruiting in trees begins at 4 years of age.

Ligol

Depending on the care recommendations, this variety produces fruits weighing up to 350 g. The main color is yellow, slightly diluted with a red blush. The pulp is juicy, grainy, crispy in texture. The presentation of the apples is excellent. The skin is glossy. The grade shows good indicators of transportability.




Fruit can be stored for up to 6 months if the right conditions are provided. For other summer varieties, this is not possible. Fruits are resistant to scab and a number of other diseases, but there is a susceptibility to bark diseases. The best pollinators for this variety: "Champion", "Lobo", "Idared".

Chinese

The fruits are rather small, no more than 40 g. The tree itself bears fruit annually, giving a good harvest. Apples are formed quite early, already in the 3rd year of the culture's life. They are used both fresh and canned.




The fruits tend to crumble strongly. They have a relatively short shelf life, and for this reason, harvesting must be carried out quickly. There are several subspecies that differ in color and size.

Grushovka Moscow

One of the most famous and sought after species. Fruits can be light green or lemon, differ in a flattened shape. Gradually covered with pink or red stripes. The pulp is juicy and friable, has a warm aroma. The variety is early-growing, but does not like heat. For this reason, it can drop fruits.




autumn

It is possible to collect fruits from crops of the autumn ripening period from the end of summer to the beginning of September. If at least a few large healthy fruits are found on the ground, you can start picking apples.

Autumn varieties rarely differ in crop friendliness, so fruit picking occurs in 2-3 approaches.

Apples of autumn varieties are stored longer than summer ones. The terms in this case are on average 3 months. If storage was carried out incorrectly, the pulp becomes loose and loses juiciness. Autumn varieties are suitable for fresh and processed use.

Symphony

Symphony is a late ripening variety. Good resistance to scab. Fruits often reach 170 g, with good care - up to 200 g. Apples have a sour-sweet taste.




Gold autumn

Removable maturity occurs in this species at the end of August. The so-called consumer period of Golden Autumn continues until mid-October.




The fruits are large or larger than average. They are rounded and have a ribbed surface. The pulp is tender, creamy, friable. It has a sweet and sour taste. It largely depends on the weather prevailing throughout the year.

Spartan

The fruits are yellow in color with a maroon blush. The peel is covered with a wax coating, quite dense. The pulp is juicy, has a pleasant aroma. The taste is sweet, with a slight sourness. Productivity is high, increases with the course of the plant's life. Winter hardiness is average, so you need to resort to various methods for protection in the cold months.




In addition to good commercial qualities, the fruits are resistant to various diseases.

Oryol striped

Fruit weight ranges from 120 to 150 g. The color is golden, with a raspberry blush. Apples are sweet and sour, contain a large amount of vitamins and minerals.



Fruiting begins already in the 4th year of the tree's life. The harvest is plentiful. The culture is resistant to scab. The skin is quite thin.

Champion

It has fairly large fruits - from 160 to 180 g. Ripening occurs evenly. The yellow-green apple is covered with a fuzzy orange blush. The skin is very thin. In this regard, the transportability of the fruit is low.




They ripen quickly. The yield is high. Resistance to cold temperatures - average.

autumn striped

The fruits of this variety weigh up to 200 g. The color is yellow-red, the flesh is loose with a bright dessert taste.




The frequency of fruiting is clear - 1 time in 2 years. The tree has a high yield. But for the first time, it begins to bear fruit 7 years after planting.

Zhigulevskoe

Fruit weight varies from 120 to 200 g. Individual specimens can reach 250 g. The fruits are sweet and sour, but not very juicy.



Young apple trees give a good harvest every year. The attitude of gardeners to this variety is neutral, since it has no particularly noteworthy qualities.

Grushevka

The fruits are small in size. Their weight ranges from 80 to 120 g. Apples have a waxy coating and thin skin.




They are distinguished by a light green color with reddish stripes. The pulp is juicy and aromatic. The skin is thin. The variety is considered one of the most winter-hardy.

Glory to the winners

This is an autumn ripening apple tree, if we are talking about a cold climate. In the southern regions, fruiting begins earlier. In any case, there is a tendency to quickly shed the crop. Fruit weight is 150 g.



Their coloration is green with a blurred blush. The taste of apples is sweet. The pulp is fragrant and very juicy, has a creamy color. The tree is vigorous.

Bogatyr

The tree is tall and tall, reaching up to 5 m in height. Has spreading branches. Fruit weight ranges from 120 to 150 g. There are individual specimens reaching 200 g. It is considered an early-growing species and yields as early as five years of age.




Apples are yellowish green with a slight pink blush. The variety is resistant to scab, cold temperatures, gives a bountiful harvest. The fruits do not have outstanding flavor characteristics and are not very juicy.

winter views

Designed for winter storage. They do not have time to ripen during the summer season. If you try such an apple during assembly, it will seem sour and astringent. This is due to the fact that fruits of late ripening will be ready for consumption after storage.

Winter apples begin to ripen in boxes during the storage period. If the gardener chooses such a variety, he will be able to supply juicy sweet fruits for the New Year. After the final ripening, such a fruit becomes varietal, with its characteristic taste and aroma of pulp.

The undoubted advantages of growing winter apples is the possibility of eating them fresh in the cold season. But for this it is necessary to provide sufficient space for placing boxes and create normal storage conditions. It is necessary that the temperature in the cellar be +6 C. Apples must be sorted out from time to time and the damaged fruits should be thrown away. Different varieties should be placed in separate containers.

The timing of the ripening of winter apple trees may vary. They usually fall at the end of September and the beginning of October.

Lobo

The fruits can be large or medium, depending on the care. They are distinguished by a yellowish tint with a slight bright red blush. They have a short stalk, so sometimes it seems as if the fruits are stuck to the branches. The advantage is sweet and sour taste and very juicy texture.

Outwardly, apples are also very attractive. The culture is drought tolerant. But it also has disadvantages - average resistance to cold and a very short shelf life.

Baltic

Winter-hardy variety. The fruits are of high quality. Good resistance to scab and fungal diseases. Removable maturity occurs relatively late.




Apples are round, large, covered with yellow fragrant skin. The mass of fruits reaches 120 g. The pulp is crisp, dense, white. Baltika apples have a pleasant sour taste.

Florina

The mass of fruits is from 100 to 150 g. The pulp is juicy and aromatic. The color is light yellow with a striped red blush.

The culture is characterized by an average degree of winter hardiness. The fruits have a good sweet-sour taste. Apple trees are resistant to various diseases, including scab.

Currency

Columnar variety requiring special care. The fruits are golden in color with a reddish blush. It has a sweet and sour taste.




The pulp is white, juicy. The shelf life is 3 months. Apples can reach a weight of up to 200 g, if you follow all the agrotechnical rules of care.

Simirenko

Apples are bright green. Fruit weight ranges from 150 to 200 g. The pulp is dense, crispy. The taste is sweet and sour.




Fruits differ in good transportability and can lie till summer.

Sinap

Fruits weighing up to 120 g develop on a vigorous tree. Winter hardiness is good, as is precocity. Apples have a yellow tint with a brown blush.




The taste is pleasant, sweet and sour. The pulp is white, juicy. Apples keep well, can lie at home until next year. They can be used both fresh and processed.

Welsey

Fruit weight reaches 160 g. The pulp is juicy, sweet and sour, has a pleasant aroma. The best pollinator is Melba.



The fruits keep well. They can lie until the end of February and are intended for fresh consumption. To do this, they need to be fully ripe.

Golden Delicious

The tree only grows up to 3m tall, making harvesting much easier. Fruiting begins early - in the 3rd year of life. As the fruits ripen, they change color from bright green to deep yellow.




The fruits are large and reach 200 g. But this is observed only in the southern regions, and in the middle lane one has to be content with medium-sized apples. Their taste is sweet, but at the same time, sourness is clearly felt. The best pollinators for this crop are Simirenko and Idared. Low winter hardiness and susceptibility to many diseases are considered the key disadvantages of this variety of apple trees.

Orlik

The tree has a compact size, while its fruits ripen quickly. Fruits have a sweet and sour taste.




The pulp is fragrant and juicy, with a lot of vitamins. The disadvantages include the crumbling of the tree. Also fruiting is periodic, which is also a minus.

Antonovka

The variety is one of the most famous. Fruit weight by weight varies from 100 to 140 g. Their color is golden yellow. The pulp is white, juicy.



Harvest can last until February. "White filling" is considered the best pollinator. The winter hardiness of the tree is quite high.

Idared

The weight of fruits reaches 190 g. They are covered with a natural wax coating. The taste of apples is sweet and sour. They have a faint aroma.




They keep up to 6 months, and if they are placed in the refrigerator, they will lie until the summer. They are resistant to a number of diseases. But they do not differ in high winter hardiness.

The sweetest

From them you can prepare juice and puree for baby food, as well as eat fresh. List of the sweetest varieties with a description of their properties.

fuji

Fuji apples are round, crimson in color, with yellowish dots. The skin is matte, smooth. On average, fruits reach a weight of 200 g. The flesh is crisp, with a delicate taste and original aroma.

As for the tree, you can optionally form a rounded crown or give it any other shape. The variety is winter hardy. Apples can be used raw. Jams and juice, jam and preserves are prepared from them.




Korobovka

It resists adverse external conditions and diseases well. Feels great even at low temperatures. But you have to wait quite a long time for the first harvest - about 7 years, and sometimes more. The fruits are also quite small, weighing from 40 to 50 g.




The variety is early, apples ripen in July. They are yellow-green with red veins. The fruits are covered with a thick skin. They keep well on the branches, but are stored for no more than a month.

Nectar

It has a delicate honey aroma. Apples contain up to 13% sugar. The pulp is juicy and tasty. The fruits are conical, yellowish or red in color, weighing from 40 to 45 g.




Fruit ripening occurs in August. The variety is not intended for long-term storage. It tolerates both drought and low temperatures well.

The group of the best winter varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region and central Russia include: Anis gray, Antonovka ordinary, Renet bergamot, Slavyanka, etc.

Winter variety Anis gray in the photo

Anise gray (striped)

The tree develops strongly, forming a powerful wide-pyramidal, fairly dense crown. The main branches and their branches have a strong bond and withstand large yields. Well restores the crown. The most winter-hardy variety. Life expectancy is 60-80 years. There are also centuries old trees.

This one of the best winter varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region and the middle lane is high-yielding and early-growing. Fruiting starts from the 5-6th year. Harvests are annual. During the period of initial fruiting, the yield is moderate, and at the time of full fruiting it gives a high yield: 300-350 kg of apples are often harvested from individual trees. Flowering early.

As you can see in the photo, this variety of apple trees, recommended for the Moscow region, has fruits of medium size, sometimes small (60-75 g), flat-round, slightly conical, with light green fragrant skin, covered with a grayish-red smoky bloom or numerous reddish stripes:

Anise gray apple in the photo
The fruits of apples "Anis" are flat-round, slightly conical (photo)

The pulp is light green, juicy, sweet and sour with a spice taste.

Eat fruits - in the second half of September. They remain in bed until February.

Gray anise is the best variety of apple trees for fresh consumption and for technical processing (dough, jam, juice, confectionery); good for urine.

The main variety in all zones, both in non-irrigated and irrigated gardens. Although it is drought-resistant, when irrigated, the size of the fruits and their yield increase dramatically.

Apple tree "Antonovka ordinary" in the photo

Antonovka ordinary

The tree reaches large sizes, forming a well-developed spherical crown with main branches firmly attached to the trunk. Relatively cold hardy. When describing this winter variety of apple trees recommended for the Moscow region, it is worth noting that it grows better and bears fruit on moderately moist or irrigated soils.

Begins to bear fruit at 7-8 years of age. The yield is high, with a rapid increase during the period of initial fruiting. This necessitates systematic fertilization.

Look at the photo - when describing this winter variety of apple trees, it is especially worth noting large (on average 120-150 g), round-cylindrical or conical with wide ribs, light yellow fruits with a strong aroma:

Winter apple variety "Antonovka vulgaris" in the photo
The fruits of the Antonovka ordinary apple tree are round-cylindrical or conical with wide ribs (photo)

The pulp is white, juicy, tartaric-sweet pleasant taste.

Flowering later. Eat fruits - at the end of September. Ripening in October - November. It is stored in the mat for 3-4 months, a valuable variety for fresh consumption and technical processing: it is used in large quantities for the preparation of marshmallows, candied fruits, marmalade, jelly, apple dough; good for urine.

Apple tree variety "Antonovka-Kamenichka" in the photo
The fruit of the apple tree "Antonovka-kamenichka" in the photo

Antonovka-kamenichka

Apple tree variety "Renette bergamot" in the photo
The fruit of the apple tree "Renette bergamot" in the photo

Renet bergamot

This winter variety of apple trees, grown in the middle lane, was obtained by I. V. Michurin from the seeds of antonovka six hundred grams.

The tree is vigorous, with an oval, medium dense crown, with strong main branches. In the conditions of the region, it tolerates winter well. Begins to bear fruit at 6-7 years of age. Productivity is high: in the conditions of the region it is not lower than that of Anise gray. Flowering is medium early.

It bears fruit mainly at the ends of fruit twigs, which must be taken into account when pruning.

Not resistant enough against scab, especially in rainy years or in low places.

The fruits are large or medium (average weight 120-125 g), onion-shaped, without ribs. The peduncle lacks the usual funnel, and some fruits have a tubercle here, like pears. When harvested, the fruits are green, and when lying, they become yellow in color, often with a pinkish “tan” on the sunny side. The pulp is dense, sweet and sour.

Late winter variety. Eat fruits - at the end of September. The fruits are stored for 6-7 months. Well tolerated long-distance transportation. Consumed fresh.

Here you can see photos of the best varieties of apple trees, the description of which is given above:

Yaloko varieties "Anis striped" in the photo
Apple varieties "Antonovka ordinary" in the photo

What popular winter varieties of apple trees are best planted in the middle lane

Apple tree variety "Slavyanka" in the photo
The fruit of the apple tree "Slavyanka" in the photo

Slav

This popular winter variety of apple trees for the middle lane was obtained by I. V. Michurin by crossing the Antonovka common wed pineapple. The variety is fast-growing, high-yielding. It begins to bear fruit from 4-5 years with a rapid increase in yields over the years.

Tree of moderate development, forms a rounded, medium spreading beautiful crown. Winter hardiness is good. Flowering later.

Fruits of medium or below average size (average weight 60-65 g), onion-rounded, yellowish-green when harvested, turn yellow in maturation. The pulp is juicy, tender, tartaric excellent taste.

Eat fruits - at the end of September; consumer maturity - in mid-November. Stored in bed for 5-6 months; carry long distance transportation. The best dessert variety.

This is one of those varieties of apple trees that are best planted in the Moscow region on fertilized, moderately moist or irrigated soils. With a lack of moisture gives small fruits.

Apple tree variety "Skryzhapel" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Skryzhapel" in the photo

Skryzhapel

The tree is vigorous, with a pyramidal crown. Winter hardiness is good. It enters fruiting at the 5-6th year. Productivity high Blossoming - in average terms.

At the age of initial fruiting, it gives moderate yields, and at the age of full yields, high yields.

The fruits are medium, flat-round, strongly ribbed, yellow-green, with dark red densely arranged continuous and intermittent stripes.

This is one of the best varieties of apple trees for the middle lane with a dense, juicy, light green flesh of a sweetish taste, with a slight acidity. Eat fruits - at the end of September. Stored in bed for 6-7 months. Transport is well tolerated. Often affected by scab.

The variety is found in several forms, differing in yield, size of fruits and their color. When propagating, it is necessary to take cuttings from trees that are more productive, with large and better colored fruits.

Apple tree variety "Borsdorf-Chinese" in the photo
The fruits of the Borsdorf-Chinese apple tree in the photo

Borsdorf the Chinese

The variety was bred by I. V. Michurin by crossing bulbous borsdorf with Chinese.

Trees of average development. Winter hardiness is average. They begin fruiting at 5-6 years of age with a rapid increase in yields over the years. The yield is high: at the age of 12 it gives up to 130 kg per tree. Fruits are medium or below average size (average weight 60-70 g), rounded, smooth, greenish, yellow-green in maturation with whitish, barely noticeable subcutaneous dots, sometimes with a blush on the sunny side. The pulp is dense, juicy, sweet and sour, excellent taste with a slight spice.

Eat fruits - at the end of September. Consumer maturity in November - December. Stored up to 10 months. This is one of those varieties of apple trees that are best planted in the Moscow region, the fruits tolerate transportation well.

Higher yields and fruits of better commercial quality are obtained in irrigated orchards.

This selection contains photos of winter varieties of apple trees recommended for the Moscow region of central Russia:

Apple tree variety "Winter Dessert" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Winter Dessert" in the photo

winter dessert

The variety was bred by S.P. Kedrin in 1935 by crossing Antonovka saffron with Pepin London. The tree is winter-hardy, of medium vigor, with a flat-rounded crown. The variety is winter, its productivity is high - in the 3rd year of fruiting, the tree gave 21 kg of fruit.

The fruits are round-conical, medium size, weighing about 100 g (larger than anises), covered with a bright speckled-striped blush over the main yellow color of the skin in the form of shiny carmine stripes and wide strokes with a strong bluish bloom.

The pulp is light yellow, juicy fine-grained, dense, tender, excellent sweet-sour taste. Removable fruit maturity occurs in the first half of September. The keeping quality and consumer period are longer than those of anises and antonovka ordinary (from October to March). Recommended for testing in all areas of the middle band.

Apple tree variety "Yellow ribbed" in the photo
The fruit of the apple tree "Yellow ribbed" in the photo

yellow ribbed

The variety was bred by S.P. Kedrin in 1935 by crossing Antonovka saffron with Pepin of London. The tree is winter-hardy, medium-sized, with a rounded crown. The variety is typically winter. Yield is high, annual. In the 3rd year of fruiting, the tree produces 19 kg of fruit.

Fruits of medium size (larger than anises), conical in shape, with pronounced ribbing in the upper part of the fruit. The description of this variety of apple trees, recommended for the Moscow region, is consistent with the name: its fruits are yellow, with an orange-red tan on the sunny side.

The pulp is light yellow, juicy, dense, fine-grained, excellent sweet and sour taste. Removable maturity - in the second half of September. The fruits ripen in October-November and are stored for a long time without losing high dessert qualities, having advantages over local varieties in this respect.

"Winter dessert" in the photo
"Yellow ribbed" in the photo

Apple tree variety "Anis scarlet" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Anis scarlet" in the photo

Anise scarlet (velvet, red, morocco)

An old variety, widespread in the middle lane.

Trees grow strongly, forming a broad-pyramidal crown with dense branching. The main branches are firmly attached to the trunk and can withstand large yields. They are distinguished by durability, high frost resistance (but somewhat less than Anise gray) and drought resistance. The yield is high. During the period of initial fruiting (5-10 years) it gives moderate yields, during the period of the highest yields (20-50 years) - high. Individual trees produce up to 200-300 kg of fruit. They begin to bear fruit from the 5-6th year. Flowering early.

This autumn variety of apple trees for the middle lane has medium-sized fruits (60-70 g), very beautiful, flat-round, slightly conical, with a blurred red blush and a bluish bloom, fragrant. The flesh is greenish-white, sometimes with a pink tint, dense, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour, spicy.

Eat fruits - in late August - early September. Stored in bed for 3-4 months. Well tolerated long-distance transportation. Consumed fresh; good for technical processing (jam, marshmallow, etc.) and lobes.

Fruits in the maturation are sometimes affected by bitter rot (pepper), so they should be checked more often during storage. With high drought resistance, the variety in irrigated orchards gives higher yields of the best commercial qualities of fruits.

Apple tree variety "Malt cross" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Malt cross" in the photo

Malt cross

The trees are vigorous, with an elongated oval-rounded medium dense crown and straight main branches. In mature trees, under the weight of the crop, the crown becomes spreading. The variety is winter-hardy. The yield is high. Fruiting starts from the 6-7th year. Flowering is medium early. At the age of initial fruiting it gives moderate yields, and at the time of full fruiting - high, surpassing many local varieties. Individual trees produce 250-350 kg of fruit.

This one of the best autumn varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region has large fruits (average weight 120 g), flat-rounded, slightly conical in the upper part, wide-ribbed.

The skin is yellow, matte, thick; on the sunny side it is covered with a solid blush, along which red stripes pass. Large subcutaneous dots are scattered throughout the fetus, giving it "marbling".

The pulp is yellowish-white, medium firm, moderately juicy, with a good sweet and sour taste.

Eat fruits - in late August - early September. In the bed, they remain 2-2.5 months. They tolerate transportation well. They are consumed fresh and for technical processing. Good for urine.

Apple tree "Borovinka" in the photo

Borovinka

Central Russian variety, ubiquitous in the middle lane.

Trees of medium development with a spherical, medium-dense crown covered with dark green foliage. The main branches under the weight of the fruit sometimes break off. Therefore, by the time of full fruiting, they should be fixed by binding. The variety is winter-hardy. Productivity is high, annual. They begin to bear fruit from the 5-6th year, sometimes earlier, with a rapid increase in yield. During the period of the highest yields, 300-350 kg of fruits are often removed from individual trees. Flowering early. A good pollinator for many varieties.

Responds well to fertilizers and irrigation.

In low places, as well as in rainy years, the fruits are affected by scab.

Pay attention to the photo - this variety of apple trees, recommended for the Moscow region, has medium-sized or large fruits (average weight 80-100 g), rounded or flat-rounded, smooth or with slight ribbing:

The fruits of the apple tree "Borovinka" in the photo
The fruit is round or flat-round, smooth or slightly ribbed (photo)

The skin is yellow-green, smooth, shiny, covered with pale red or carmine wide stripes all over the fruit. Subcutaneous points are clearly visible. The pulp is yellow-white, juicy, with a pleasant tartaric-sweet taste.

Eating fruits - the end of August. They are consumed fresh and for technical processing. Transportation is well tolerated. Stored in storage for about 2 months.

Below you will find out what other varieties of autumn apple trees can be planted on the site.

Apple tree variety "White Skrut" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "White Skrut" in the photo

Skrut white

The trees of this variety of autumn apple trees for the Moscow region are vigorous, durable, with a wide-spreading medium-dense or sparse crown. The variety is highly winter-hardy, fruitful.

Fruiting begins from the 6-7th year. Flowering is medium early. At the age of initial and increasing fruiting (7 - 20 years) they give moderate yields, and at the age of the largest yields they are high, almost like Anise and Malta cross.

Fruits of medium size (average weight 75-100 g), flat-round or rounded, smooth, with a slight depression for the stalk, sometimes without it. The skin is snow-white, shiny, covered with faint pink stripes, strokes or continuous washouts. The flesh is white, juicy, sweet and sour, slightly astringent, mediocre in taste. Fruits are often affected by scab and fruit rot.

Eat fruits - in late August - early September.

Consumed fresh and for technical processing (gives good quality dough); suitable for urine. Keeps for about a month and a half. Not suitable for long distance transportation.

Apple tree variety "Antonovka six hundred grams" in the photo

Antonovka six hundred grams

The trees are powerfully developed, with an oval-rounded, medium-dense crown covered with large leaves.

The variety is winter-hardy, high yield. Flowering later. At the age of 24-30 years, it gives an average of 100-150 kg of fruit from a tree, and 300-500 kg are removed from individual adult trees. Fruiting from the 7-8th year.

The photo shows that this autumn variety of apple trees for the Moscow region has very large fruits (average weight 250-300 g), onion-oval, ribbed, yellowish-white:

Autumn variety "Antonovka six hundred grams" in the photo
Fruits are onion-oval, ribbed, yellowish-white (photo)

The pulp is juicy, white, fine-grained, tender. The taste is sweet and sour.

Eating fruits - in mid-September. The fruits are consumed fresh and for technical processing. Not suitable for long distance transportation. Stored in storage for about 2 months.

Apple tree variety "Bellefleur-Chinese" in the photo

Bellefleur Chinese

The trees are vigorous, with an oval-rounded medium dense crown. Winter hardiness is average, productivity is good. Fruiting begins from the 7-8th year.

In the period of initial and increasing fruiting, the yield is moderate, and in the time of full fruiting it is high. Flowering - in the middle terms.

As you can see in the photo, this autumn variety of apple trees for the middle lane has large fruits (average weight 150 - 200 g), rounded, slightly ribbed:

Autumn variety "Bellefleur-Chinese" in the photo
The fruits are large, rounded, slightly ribbed in the photo

The skin is golden yellow, shiny, with bright red stripes. The pulp is white, juicy, fine-grained, tender, aromatic, excellent, with a slight acidity and spice taste.

Eat fruits - in the first half of September. The fruits are stored in bed until December. They tolerate transportation well. The best dessert variety.

Apple tree variety "Kitayka Sanina" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Kitayka Sanina" in the photo

Kitayka Sanina (Ranette Sanina)

Volga region variety of large-fruited Chinese. Distributed throughout the middle lane.

Trees grow strongly, forming a fairly dense oval-rounded crown. Winter hardiness and productivity are high. Drought-resistant. They begin to bear fruit from the 5-8th year (later than other Chinese women). During the period of initial and increasing fruiting, it gives moderate yields, and during the period of full fruiting - high.

The fruits are larger than many varieties of Chinese (average weight 25-30 g), have an elongated oval or ovoid shape. The skin is green-yellow, covered almost over the entire surface with a red blurred blush. The pulp is dense, hard, sweet-sour taste.

Eat fruits - at the end of August. Can be stored for 2-2.5 months. They tolerate transportation well.

The fruits are mainly used for technical processing (confectionery, jam, juice, wine, etc.).

There are trees with a rounded, slightly spreading crown and more pyramidal. The former usually bear fruit earlier and their yield is higher. When propagating varieties, cuttings should be taken from productive trees.

Look at the photos of the varieties of apple trees, the description of which is given above:

Apple variety "Bellefleur-Chinese" in the photo
Apple variety "Kitayka Sanina" in the photo

Apple tree variety "Chinese Volga" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Chinese Volga" in the photo

Chinese Volga No. 1 (ranetka)

The most common variety in the middle lane is Kitayki, found in all gardens in the region.

Trees develop strongly, forming an oval-rounded, somewhat spreading crown. They are characterized by high winter hardiness and good annual yield. Fruiting begins from the 3-4th year.

The fruits are medium (for Chinese women), round or oval, with yellow skin, covered almost over the entire surface with a blurred blush, with a non-falling calyx. The pulp is dense, juicy, sour taste. Go to technical processing. When processed in a cold way, they give the best seeds for obtaining rootstocks.

This variety of autumn apple trees for the middle lane is the best representative of the Volga Chinese group, similar to it in morphological and biological features.

Apple tree variety "Rosemary Russian" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Rosemary Russian" in the photo

Rosemary Russian

The trees are strongly developed, with a medium dense oval-rounded crown. Winter hardiness is average. The yield is good. Fruiting - from the 6-7th year Flowering - in the middle terms. Flowers are frost resistant.

The fruits are large (average weight 120-150 g), round or oval-round, smooth, light yellow, with a slight blush on the sunny side. The pulp is juicy, medium-dense, granular, with a slight aroma. The fruits of this one of the best varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region taste sweet and sour, slightly spicy.

Eating fruits - in mid-September. In the bed, they remain 2-2.5 months. Transportation is well tolerated. The best dessert variety. Recommended for production testing.

Spartacus. The tree is vigorous with a wide pyramidal crown. Highly winter-hardy and productive: in the 3rd year of fruiting, 15 kg per tree was obtained. The fruits are large, reaching a weight of 200 g with an average weight of 110-120 g, round or flat-round shape, obtusely ribbed. The color is yellowish, with a pink-red striped blush. The pulp is cream-colored, juicy, medium density, excellent sweet-sour taste, aromatic. Eat fruits - in the first half of September. Late autumn variety. Zoned in all zones.

Apple tree variety "Zhigulevskoe" in the photo

Zhigulevskoe

The tree is vigorous, winter-hardy and more productive. The fruits are very large, the average weight is 150, the largest is 250 g, flat-round shape.

Look at the photo - in this one of the best varieties of apple trees, the main color of the skin is bright golden yellow, the integumentary is bright carmine red, blurry-striped, sharply outlined and prominently distinguished from the main background:

The Zhigulevskoe apple tree is vigorous, winter-hardy and more productive (photo)
The color of the skin is bright golden yellow in the photo

The pulp is creamy yellow, juicy, medium density, excellent sweet-sour taste. Removable maturity occurs in late August - early September, with a period of consumption - September - November. Recommended for testing in all areas.

Apple tree variety "Kutuzovets" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Kutuzovets" in the photo

Kutuzovets

Trees of medium vigor, with a rounded medium dense crown. Their winter hardiness is high. The variety is typically winter, fruitful, with a weakly pronounced periodicity of fruiting. The main crop is located mainly on kolchatka. The yield of the mother tree in the second year of fruiting was 10 kg, and in the next 2-4 years - up to 20 kg.

Flowering takes place in the middle terms and coincides with Anise gray, Renet bergamot and Borovinka. The flowers of this variety of apple trees for central Russia are relatively resistant to frost.

The fruits hold firmly on the branches, are more resistant to scab and codling moth than Skryzhapel. They are also more resistant to putrefactive diseases both in the garden and during winter storage compared to other varieties. Fruits of medium or above-average size, average weight 100-110 g, are covered with a striped merging blush over the main yellow field, with numerous fairly large subcutaneous dots, giving the fruits a kind of "marbling".

The pulp is whitish, dense, juicy, fine-grained, sweet-sour, with a slightly pronounced spice of excellent taste (higher than that of Skryzhapel). Removable fruit ripeness - at the end of September. They ripen well in maturation in November - December, acquiring by this time their characteristic qualities. They can remain in bed until spring.

Apple tree variety "Volga saffron" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Volga saffron" in the photo

Volga saffron

Bred by S.P. Kedrin in 1935 by crossing Antonovka saffron with Pepin of London. The tree is medium. The winter hardiness of the variety is high, not lower than that of standard varieties - anises and Borovinka. Productivity is good, annual.

The fruits are medium in size, with an average weight of about 100 g, and the largest of about 130 g, flatly rounded, with noticeable ribbing and tubercles at the calyx, like in calvilles. According to their main yellow coloration, a bright speckled striped blush with prominent strokes is blurred, which gives them an attractive appearance. This is one of the best varieties of apple trees for central Russia with creamy yellow, juicy, dense, not rough pulp, sweet and sour, excellent taste.

Eat fruits - in the first half of September. The keeping quality is longer than that of Antonovka vulgaris and anises.

The best summer varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region and the middle lane

Apple tree variety "Grushovka Moscow" in the photo
The fruit of the apple tree "Moscow Pear" in the photo

Grushovka Moscow (Skorospelka)

An old Russian variety, ubiquitous.

Trees reach large sizes, form an elongated oval crown with strong and thick main branches of medium density, covered with light green long leaves. Frost resistance high Productive are durable. The variety is early-growing - it begins to bear fruit from the 5-6th year with a rapid increase in yield; at the age of full fruiting (20-50 years), yields of 200-250 kg per tree per year are not uncommon. Flowering early.

The fruits are small, flat-conical, with a thin shiny skin covered with pink-red stripes. The pulp of this one of the best summer varieties of apple trees for the middle lane is yellow-white, juicy, soft, with a pleasant sweet and sour taste. The fruits begin to ripen in early August. Their maturation is uneven.

Fruit removal - in 2-3 doses, in order to avoid shedding.

Not suitable for long haul. Can be stored for 1-1.5 months. Consumption - fresh and for technical processing.

Apple tree variety "Pouring white" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Pouring white" in the photo

Pouring white (Pudovshchina, Dolgostebelka)

Trees of moderate growth, form a spherical medium dense crown with light green foliage. The variety is winter-hardy and productive, especially on strong soils. It is strongly affected by scab, especially in low places. Fruiting starts from the 5-6th year. Flowering is medium early.

The fruits of this summer variety of apple trees, recommended for the Moscow region, are of medium or below average size, round-conical shape, light yellow. The pulp is white, fine-grained, sweet and sour taste. Ripens in the second half of August. The fruits keep for about a month, but quickly deteriorate in taste. Transportation is not well tolerated. They are consumed fresh, they can also be used for technical processing.

Apple tree variety "Alabaster" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Alabaster" in the photo

Alabaster (Papirovka)

The distribution is small. The trees are vigorous, with an oval-rounded crown covered with light green leaves. Winter hardiness is average. More resistant to scab Bulk white. Productivity is good, almost annual. The variety is fast-growing, early summer. It bears fruit from the 4-5th year. Blooms in medium time.

Fruits of medium size (about 80 g), round-conical or oval, with wide ribs, one of which has a seam (a fold is the main distinguishing feature), light yellow, with bloom and green subcutaneous dots. The pulp is white, juicy, excellent tartaric-sweet taste.

Harvest fruits - in early August. Consumption - fresh. They keep for about a month. This is one of those varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region that are recommended to be grown for quick consumption, since the fruits are not transportable. Good dessert variety.

Apple tree variety "Malt Bagaevsky" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Malt Bagaevsky" in the photo

Malt Bagaevsky

The trees are vigorous, with a wide-spreading medium-dense crown. Their winter hardiness is good, not lower than Anise scarlet and other winter-hardy varieties. Begins to bear fruit at 6-7 years of age. Productivity is high: in the period of full fruiting it gives an average of about 80 kg per tree, and from individual trees - 150-200 kg or more.

Fruits of medium size, but larger than Scarlet Anise, flat-round, with white skin, covered with a bright raspberry-red blush and light bloom, very beautiful.

The pulp is juicy, tender, white, of good sweet and sour taste. Fruit ripening - in mid-August. Handle transportation well. They keep for about 40 days. Consumed fresh.

Below is a description of what other varieties of apple trees are best planted for the summer harvest.

Apple tree variety "Chinese golden early" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Chinese golden early" in the photo

Chinese gold early

Trees of medium development, with a pyramidal crown. Differ in high winter hardiness. The variety is early summer and fast-growing. You enter fruiting in the 4-5th year. Yields are growing rapidly. In the time of full fruiting gives average or good yields. The flowering of this summer variety of apple trees for the middle lane is early. The fruits are small (average weight 30-40 g), rounded, golden yellow. Often poured. The taste is sweet, pleasant.

Eat fruits - in late July - early August. Remain 2-3 weeks. They are consumed fresh and for technical processing.

Apple tree variety "Turnip Kopylova" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Turnip Kopylova" in the photo

Turnip Kopylova(Red turnip). Trees of moderate growth, with long main branches, forming a broom-shaped crown, spreading out in old age (need support). Winter hardiness is average. Fairly resistant to scab. Begins to bear fruit at the age of 5. Productivity is average or good, almost annual. Flowering early.

Fruits of medium size, onion-shaped, with a dense dark purple solid blush and a bluish bloom, through which vague white subcutaneous dots shine through. The pulp is greenish-white, juicy, mediocre sweet-sour (fresh) taste.

Fruit picking - in mid-August. They keep for about 20 days. Non-transportable. Consumed fresh.

Apple tree variety "Arcade sugar" in the photo

Arkad sugar (smoky)

Slightly distributed. The trees are vigorous, forming an oval-rounded crown with strong main branches.

Frost resistant. The yield is average. It starts fruiting from the 6-7th year.

Look at the photo - this variety of apple trees for central Russia has fruits below the average size, round-conical or round-cylindrical, yellow-green with an orange-reddish tan:

The fruits of the apple tree "Arcade Sugar" in the photo
Fruits are round-conical or round-cylindrical in the photo

The pulp is whitish, friable, juicy, sweet honey taste.

Eat fruits - in late July - early August; but the fruits become fit for consumption long before ripening. Can be stored for about 3 weeks. Non-transportable. Fresh consumption.

Apple tree variety "Daughter of Papirovka" in the photo
The fruits of the apple tree "Daughter of Papirovki" in the photo

Daughter of Papirovka (Pouring Volga)

The tree is medium. Winter hardiness is not lower than that of local standard anise varieties, etc. Productivity is good, annual. The mother tree in the 3rd year of fruiting produces about 15 kg of fruit.

Fruits of medium size, the size of Alabaster, with an average weight of about 80 g, round or flat-round shape, weak wide ribbing, sometimes with a "seam", like in Alabaster. The color of the skin is greenish-yellow, with a golden tan and noticeable large subcutaneous dots.

The pulp is creamy, tender, juicy, sweet and sour, excellent taste. Ripening - in the first half of August. This is one of the best varieties of summer apple trees recommended for the Moscow region, resistant to scab.

It is difficult to imagine a summer cottage without an apple tree - this crop is grown widely and everywhere throughout Russia, and its fruits are familiar to everyone since childhood. These fruit trees are able to grow and bear fruit for many years, but even such plantings need to be updated sometimes. Therefore, if it was decided to plant a new apple tree, then you need to approach this issue with particular meticulousness:

• firstly, you need to know which varieties are suitable for growing in the region where the site is located. When purchasing an apple tree seedling, you should always take into account the climatic zone of your garden, otherwise the apple tree will freeze and the money will be wasted;
• secondly, it is necessary to determine the ripening period of the crop, because it greatly affects the various qualities of the fruits themselves, for example, keeping quality and their shelf life. It is important to know this before buying an apple tree, so as not to throw away the resulting crop.

All apple trees are conditionally divided into summer, autumn and winter according to the ripening time. It is clear that the former can be called precocious, and the latter patiently wait for their maturation until mid-autumn. On the one hand, it is, but it is better to consider the features of summer, autumn and winter varieties separately.

Apple tree Summer striped

Summer varieties of apple trees ripen in the second half of August. Basically, varieties belonging to this group are characterized by a friendly harvest. On the one hand, this is good, because one or two times you can collect all the apples and eat, process or put up for sale.

On the other hand, it is necessary to constantly monitor and inspect the fruits on the tree in order to prevent carrion: it is the summer varieties of apple trees that are prone to rapid crop shedding, and if the moment of harvest was missed, then you will have to choose the most healthy fruits from the ground.

The shelf life of apples, even with timely harvesting, leaves much to be desired - up to one month.

But at the same time, it is in fruits with an early ripening period that contains the most vitamins and substances useful to humans. It is generally accepted that summer apples are small because they ripen earlier. In fact, this is not so, there are also large-fruited summer varieties.

Individual fruits ripen up to 200 g in weight and are yellow in color with a slight pink blush. The consistency of the pulp is fine-grained, juicy, has a white color. Despite the fact that the variety belongs to summer, the fruits of "Melba" are well stored for up to two months.

The best pollinator is "Welsey".

Recently, the Melba variety, according to gardeners, has changed. After the first abundant fruiting, the apple tree is prone to freezing. The fact is that she gives all her strength to the development of fruits and does not have time to prepare for winter. Therefore, it is recommended to pay attention and provide it with proper care after the first true fruiting (comes in the fifth year of life), and the next year the risk of freezing will disappear.

By taste, the fruits are classified as sweet-sour. Outwardly, they have a rather interesting light yellow color with a dashed red blush. Apples ripen in weight up to 120 g. The harvest can hardly be called friendly, so it is possible to eat fresh apples directly from the tree for a long time. Despite the fact that the variety belongs to the summer ripening period, the fruits hold on the tree quite firmly and do not fall off.

An excellent variety for processing and conservation. The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 100 ... 150 g, have a very juicy fragrant pulp. Fully ripened apples are yellow with a washed out red blush and have a sweet honey taste. It is also noteworthy that the fruits can be consumed and not quite ripe. The variety is resistant to scab and is one of the most unpretentious.

The variety ripens one of the earliest, already at the end of July. The crown of the tree (rare pyramidal) gives the apple tree a special decorative effect. However, there are problems with harvesting and storage: the fruits crumble heavily, and they are stored in the refrigerator for only up to three weeks. Fruit weight is average - up to 150 g. The skin is thin, the flesh is loose, but juicy. The taste of apples is sweet and sour with a pronounced aroma. The color of the fruit is green, but richly covered with a raspberry-red blush. The tree begins to bear fruit in the fourth year.

Depending on the observance of the conditions of agricultural technology, "Ligol" produces fruits weighing from 150 to 350 g. The main color of apples is yellow, diluted with a red blush. The consistency of the pulp is granular, juicy, crispy. Apples have an excellent presentation: the peel is glossy, transportability is excellent. The variety is notable for its high dessert taste rating.

And under the right storage conditions, the crop can be stored for six months, which is simply unrealistic for other summer varieties. the fruits themselves are resistant to scab and some other diseases, but there is a susceptibility of the tree to bark diseases.

The best pollinators for this variety are Idared, Spartan, Lobo, Champion.

It is distinguished by very small fruits weighing 30 ... 40 g. At the same time, the tree bears fruit every year and gives abundant harvests. Fruiting begins early, already in the third year. Apples are consumed both fresh and canned. In addition, they are used to make compotes, jams, juices, wines, etc. Apples crumble heavily and have a short shelf life, so picking is carried out quickly. Variety "Kitayki" is divided into several sub-varieties, differing mainly only in the size of apples and their color.

Early summer varieties of apple trees, a brief description, fruiting: video

Autumn variety of apple tree Uralets

Fruits from autumn ripening trees can be harvested from late August to early September. In this case, such a friendly apple drop will not be observed, and the picking time can be determined as follows: if there are at least a few pieces of large healthy apples on the ground, you can start picking.

Autumn varieties do not differ in a special harvest friendliness, therefore they are harvested in 2-3 runs.

The shelf life of harvested apples, unlike summer varieties, is longer and averages three months.

But over time and with improper storage, the pulp becomes juicy and loose. Most autumn varieties of apples are excellent not only for fresh consumption, but also for processing.

The color of the fruit has a basic yellow color, covered with a dark burgundy blush. The peel is quite dense with a wax coating. The consistency of the pulp is dense and juicy, fragrant. The taste is sweet with a pleasant subtle sourness. The yield of the apple tree is high, increasing with age. However, one should take into account the fact that the winter hardiness of this variety is average, therefore, for its successful cultivation, it will be necessary to periodically resort to agricultural practices to ensure protection in harsh winters.

The advantages of the variety, in addition to the high commercial qualities of apples, include their keeping quality and resistance to a complex of diseases.

Fruits weighing 120 ... 150 g are golden in color and covered with a bright crimson blush. The taste of apples is sweet and sour, since the acid is felt quite strongly, while the vitamin content in such apples is very high. The tree begins to bear fruit already in the fourth year of life, gives abundant crops, and is resistant to scab. The peel of the fruit is very thin, so when collecting and transporting, special care should be taken so as not to damage it.

Apples of this variety are considered quite large, as they reach a weight of 160 ... 180 g and ripen evenly. A blurred orange blush covers a yellow-green apple, the peel is very thin, and therefore the fruits have average transportability and keeping quality. The advantages of the variety include precocity, high yield, the possibility of fresh consumption or use in processing. Winter hardiness is average.

The fruits of the apple tree of this variety reach 200 g. Their color is yellow-red, the flesh of a loose texture has an excellent dessert taste. a feature of the variety is a clear frequency of fruiting - once every two years. The yield of the tree is very high, but it will take a long time to bear fruit: the first apples will appear at the age of seven.

Fruits can weigh from 120 to 200 g, some can ripen up to 250 g. The fruits are not very juicy, sweet and sour, ripen unfriendly. At a young age, it bears fruit annually. This variety does not have any special distinctive qualities, and gardeners treat it quite neutrally.

The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 80 ... 120 g with a thin skin and a wax coating, have a light green color with a red striped tan. The pulp is juicy, at the same time friable, fragrant, has a sweet and sour taste. The peel of the apple itself is thin. The variety is very winter hardy.

Fruits are formed medium - from 100 to 150 g. The apple itself is yellow, but an orange-red blush covers almost the entire surface of the fruit. The taste is close to sour with sweet notes. The harvested crop is stored on average up to two months, and in a refrigerator - up to 5-6 months. The winter hardiness of the tree is average.

In areas with a cold climate, it is considered an autumn ripening apple tree, in more southern regions it bears fruit earlier. But the ability to quickly shed the crop in this case remains. Fruits weighing 150 g are green in color with a blurred blush and a pleasant sweet and sour taste. The creamy flesh is very juicy and aromatic. The tree belongs to the vigorous.

The tree is vigorous, tall (up to 5 m), sprawling with fruits weighing 120 ... 150 g (some can reach 200 g) is an early-growing variety and yields a crop in five years. The apples are yellow-green in color with a slight pink blush. The variety is considered productive, resistant to scab and winter-hardy, but at the same time the fruits are not very juicy, they cannot boast of any outstanding taste features either.

Autumn varieties of apple trees, a brief description, fruiting: video

They are intended for winter storage. During the summer season, they do not have time to ripen to the end, and if you try to bite a winter apple while picking, it will be terribly astringent and sour, which will not fit in your head with the chosen variety.

And all because the fruits of the winter ripening period will be ready for use only when ripened in boxes during storage. Therefore, a gardener who grows a winter apple variety will be able to put juicy and sweet fruits from his plot on the table for the New Year. At the final ripening, the apple becomes varietal, has a characteristic aroma and taste of pulp.

The undoubted advantages of growing winter varieties of apples include the possibility of eating them fresh in winter, however, for this it is necessary to have a place to ripen the crop in boxes and ensure normal storage conditions.

1. sharp temperature changes should not be allowed in the cellar (the place where apples are stored), the recommended temperature in it is about +6 0 С;
2. you need to periodically sort out the apples and eliminate the damaged ones (only you need to do this also in the basement, without taking the boxes out of the storage place);
3. different varieties must be stored separately;
4. you need to pick apples in a timely manner (to determine the timing of the collection, they usually pay attention to the stalk: if it is easily separated from the branch, then apples can be picked).

The ripening period of winter apple trees, depending on the variety and growing region, falls on the end of September - the beginning of October.

The fruits are medium or large, depending on the care of the apple tree, have a yellowish color, diluted with a bright red blush. The stalk is very short, so at first glance it may seem that the apples are “stuck” to the branches.

The advantages of the variety include a wonderful sweet and sour taste of apples with an incredibly juicy texture, an attractive appearance and resistance to dry conditions.

But there are also disadvantages: the average winter hardiness of the tree and an extremely short shelf life compared to other winter varieties of apple trees.

The fruits are medium - from 100 to 150 g with juicy aromatic pulp, have a light yellow color with a red striped blush. Winter hardiness of the tree is average, the taste of fruits is good sweet-sour. This variety is distinguished by resistance to scab and a complex of other diseases.

The variety belongs to the columnar and therefore requires special care. The fruits are golden with a red blush, have a sweet and sour taste, the flesh is juicy white. Stored up to 3 months. Apples reach a weight of 200 g, subject to all the rules of agricultural technology.

Apples are bright green, weighing from 150 to 200 g, have crispy dense flesh. The taste is sweet and sour. Fruits are perfectly transported and stored under storage conditions until summer, so this variety is very popular among gardeners.

Sinap North

A vigorous tree with fruits weighing 120 g is characterized by high winter hardiness and early maturity. Yellow apples with a brown blush have a pleasant sweet and sour taste and juicy white flesh. The keeping quality of apples is excellent, until May next year. In addition to fresh consumption, the fruits are also suitable for various types of processing.

Fruits grow weighing up to 160 g of an unusually orange color. The pulp is sweet and sour, juicy, has a pleasant aroma. The best pollinator for "Welsey" is "Melba". The fruits are characterized by high keeping quality until the end of February and are mainly intended for storage and fresh consumption when they are fully ripe.

The tree of this variety is low - it grows only up to 3 m, which simplifies harvesting. Enters fruiting relatively early, already in the third year. As the fruits ripen, they change color from bright green to golden yellow.

The size of one fruit can reach up to 200 g when grown in the southern regions, of course, in the conditions of the middle lane, you will have to be content with the average size of apples. The taste of dessert apples is sweet with a noticeable sourness.

The best pollinators for Golden Delicious are Idared and Semerenko. The main disadvantages of the variety are low winter hardiness and susceptibility to a complex of diseases.

The tree is very compact, at the same time fruitful and early-growing. The taste of the fruit is very good sweet and sour, the pulp is juicy and aromatic, contains a large amount of vitamins. The disadvantages of the variety include the shedding of fruits and the frequency of fruiting.

The variety is old and has long been known to gardeners. Fruits weigh 100-140 g, have a golden yellow color and juicy white flesh. Harvest can be stored until February. The best pollinator is the White Filling apple tree. The tree is characterized by very high winter hardiness.

Fruits ripen weighing up to 190 g, covered with a natural wax coating. Apples of sweet and sour taste have a weak aroma and excellent keeping quality for up to six months, and when stored in the refrigerator - until summer. Despite the high resistance to a complex of diseases, Idared cannot boast of high winter hardiness.

Winter varieties of apple trees, a brief description, fruiting: video

Apple varieties suitable for growing in cold climates

If the purpose of growing apples has been determined, you can start looking for a variety that will successfully grow and bear fruit in the region in which the site is located. It is necessary to proceed from the fact that not all varieties grown in areas with a warm southern climate are suitable for the conditions of the Moscow region, to say nothing of more severe zones, such as the Urals or Siberia.

Of course, it will be a shame to choose a seedling, plant it, take care of it, and never wait for fruiting. Therefore, varieties of apple trees suitable for growing in areas with an unfavorable cold climate will be listed below. They are especially winter hardy and at the same time give a good harvest of apples.

Varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region: Zhigulevskoye, Medunitsa, Lobo, Grushevka, Orlik, Bogatyr, Semerenko, Gala, etc.

Varieties of apple trees for the Middle lane: "Spartan", "Orlovskoye", "Sinap", "Champion", "Idared", "Florina", "Golden Delicious", "Glory to the Winners", etc.

Varieties of apple trees for the Urals and Siberia:"White filling", "Summer striped", "Autumn striped", "Krasa Sverdlovsk", "Ural bulk", "Anis Sverdlovsky", "Ligol", "Antonovka", "Candy", "Melba", "Welsey", "Chinese", "Currency", etc.

After a list of apple varieties suitable for cultivation in the region in which the site is located has been compiled, you can get to know their features and characteristics more closely by choosing the most suitable variety.

When choosing a variety for a site, they are usually guided by:

• external features of the fruit (color, presence of plaque, size),
• taste (dessert assessment of taste, aroma),
• pulp consistency (dense / loose, juicy / non-juicy, granular),
• as well as some properties of trees (their height in adulthood, spreading, precocity, resistance to diseases, arid conditions, etc.).

Taking into account the winter hardiness and ripening time of the apple tree, you can choose the ideal variety suitable for a particular site. A reasonable analysis of these criteria, and not the pursuit of the largest and most beautiful apples, will allow you to get a high yield of apples in any climatic zone of Russia. In addition, when choosing one or another seedling for a garden plot, it is recommended to be guided by the parameters of the tree in its adult state, especially for gardeners with small plots.

Winter is the best time to calmly plan the planting of the next summer season. And if next spring you are going to start one or more on your site and are still at a loss, choosing the right variety, this article is for you.

Lovers of refreshing sour apples will not find anything interesting here. But those who like honey fruits melting in their mouths will surely be able to make their choice. In my review, I included 9 of the sweetest varieties - both the good old "grandmother's" apples come from childhood, and new modern ones.

"Lungwort"

It is certainly worth noting the popular summer variety 'Lungwort', which brought the famous Soviet breeder Sergei Ivanovich Isaev. The tree is harvested in the second half of summer. Apples have an incredibly sweet taste.

Variety "Medunitsa". Photo from sadpolyanka.ru

The tree grows large, with a pyramidal sparse crown. The apple tree will give its first honey harvest already in the 4th year of life. The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 110-140 g, with yellow skin and a beautiful scarlet speckled blush, especially bright in the sun. Rounded apples ‘Lungwort’ are characterized by fine-grained juicy cream-colored flesh and delicious aroma.

This is an excellent hardy variety that survives frosty winters well. High yield and resistance to scab are two other important characteristics that speak in favor of this variety.

"Candy"

Among the huge varietal assortment, another summer variety of Isaev's selection leads in the sweetness of its fruits - ‘Candy’. You will get the first fruits from a 4-5-year-old tree.

Variety "Candy". Photo from allgardening.ru

Its crown is spreading, powerful. ‘Candy’ grows up to 4-5 m in height. Rounded fruits weigh on average 100-130 g, have a delicate peel of a rich yellow color with a beautiful orange-red blush. In terms of sweetness, this variety can compete with ‘Medunitsa’: apples have dense juicy flesh with a honey flavor and caramel aroma. But they are stored only 2-3 weeks.

The yield of ‘Candy’ is not very high, but you will not suffer from periodicity in fruiting: you will have apples every year. In rainy seasons, the tree can be affected by scab, however, this disadvantage is more than compensated by good winter hardiness and delicious sweet taste.

"Golden Delicious"

Complements the line of sweet varieties American ‘Golden Delicious’. This is a variety for real sweet tooth. Beautiful yellow fruits are harvested in late September - early October.

Grade "Golden Delicious". Photo from the site semenauspeha.ru

Tree of medium vigor with a wide-round dense crown. It will delight you with the first harvest already in the 2-3rd year of life. Apples with a recognizable golden, slightly rough skin with a slightly pronounced pinkish blush of a rounded conical shape. The flesh is light yellow. Subject to all storage conditions, apples can lie right up to April.

The variety tolerates frost well, has an enviable yield and excellent fruit quality. But he also has disadvantages. These include weak drought resistance, irregular fruiting. At home, in the USA, the ‘Golden Delicious’ variety is considered the official symbol of the state of Virginia.

"Belarusian sweet"

Undoubtedly, the winter variety is in our top ten sweetest varieties. ‘Belarusian sweet’. The tree grows to medium size with a rounded conical crown. Young apple trees bear fruit already for 2-3 years of their life.

Sort "Belarusian sweet". Photo from nizovo-sad.ru

Rounded apples weighing 150-200 g, when ripe, are first yellow, and then poured with a solid red blush. The flesh is beautiful, white. The grade is good, thanks to high frost resistance and productivity. The tree is genetically resistant to scab. Bears fruit annually. The harvest taken from the tree in time is perfectly preserved until February.

"Orlovim"

I would like to mention the apple tree ‘Orlovim’- another Soviet variety. One of his parents was ‘Antonovka ordinary’. The apple tree gives very sweet fragrant apples. Tree of medium height with a beautiful rounded crown. Fruits in the 3rd year of life.

Variety "Orlovim" 2 weeks before ripening. A photo

Having planted this variety several years ago in my summer cottage, I never cease to admire its merits. ‘Orlovim’ is not affected by diseases, bears fruit annually and abundantly. It does not cause problems when pruning - its branches depart from the conductor at almost a right angle, so a beautiful crown is formed naturally.

The apples are slightly flattened, weighing 150-170 g. The skin is pale yellow with a plentiful blurred watercolor blush of pink-red tones. Under the spectacular shell hides no less impressive content: the pulp is creamy, juicy, with an incomparable taste and a pleasant caramel aroma.

The variety should be planted for food, as the fruits are not suitable for long-term storage. Like other summer varieties, Orlovim apples will last no more than a month.

"Christmas"

The variety under the beautiful name does not lag behind ‘Orlovim’ in terms of the sweetness of the fruit ‘Christmas’ early winter ripening. On this medium-sized tree with a wide pyramidal crown, even in the most unfavorable seasons, I also never noticed signs of scab - the apple tree is resistant to this disease at the genetic level.

Variety "Christmas". A photo

The average weight of an apple is 140-180 g, but more significant specimens often ripen on my tree (weighing 230-250 g). Apples are distinguished by a greenish-yellow color of the peel and, at the stage of ripeness, are covered with a bright red, almost continuous blush. The pulp is dense, juicy, snow-white - it looks great in contrast with the red skin.

The tree will delight with the first apples already at the age of 3 years and will bring the harvest annually. And the variety is named so not by chance: these delicious sweet apples can lie in a vegetable store until the middle of winter.

"Pepin Saffron"

It is certainly worth noting the old winter variety ‘Pepin saffron’, bred by Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin. It still does not lose its relevance and is often found in amateur gardens.

Variety "Pepin Saffron". Photo from romashkino.ru

The first harvest will have to wait quite a long time, since only 4-5-year-old trees come into fruition. But the long-awaited apples will not disappoint you: they are medium-sized (80-140 g), but fragrant, juicy and with a dessert taste. It's impossible to break away! Their skin is yellowish-green, covered with a dark red blush, the flesh is creamy.

Collected "Pepin saffron" in the first half of October, apples ripen already in storage. It is there that they get their famous spicy aroma and become honey. Under proper conditions, the harvest is perfectly preserved until April.

The variety stands out for its high yield, excellent quality and good keeping quality of fruits. It does not suffer from periodicity in fruiting, however, in severe winters it freezes strongly, and in rainy summers it is quickly affected by scab.

"Riga Dove"

The Latvian variety stands out with especially sweet and tasty fruits of early autumn ripening. ‘Riga dove’. Beautiful greenish-white apples with the thinnest skin reach a mass of 110-130 g. A delicate pinkish blush may appear on the barrels. Ripe fruits are translucent, as if filled with juice. The taste of apples is pleasant, sweet and sour. They are distinguished by good keeping quality: subject to all storage conditions, they will last until December.

Variety "Riga dove". Photo from moysadovnik.ru

The tree itself is medium-sized, with a spreading crown. The variety is prone to periodicity in fruiting, and the first harvest will have to wait (the first apples are obtained in the 4th year). But its winter hardiness is good, so it is also grown in Russia. Scab and fruit rot is not affected.

"Delight"

The variety name speaks for itself. ‘Delight’. The tree of this variety is characterized by medium growth vigor, has a wide oval dense crown, begins to bear fruit in the 4th-5th year.

Variety "Delight". Photo from mctula.ru

Apples of early autumn ripening, weighing 120-160 g. They are almost perfectly round in shape, and you just want them in a vase, but on the table. The skin of the fruit is greenish-yellow, but it is hidden under the abundant watercolor-pink blush that ripe apples cover. The pulp may have pinkish blotches. Juicy, sweet, they smell like raspberries - these are the special apples of the ‘Delight’ variety.

They will lie without problems until December. The variety is high-yielding, winter-hardy, resistant to all typical diseases of the apple tree. The disadvantages include the strong thickening of the crown, so the tree needs to be looked after and pruned regularly, otherwise the yield will melt before our eyes.

Sweet apples of the varieties described above undoubtedly deserve the highest praise for their taste characteristics and always become the main dessert on any table.