Heating boiler wiring diagram. Gas heating boiler piping diagram and its elements. Closed system with natural coolant movement

Important! In the article we consider piping a heating boiler as work to connect it to a finished heating system. This means: radiators, pipes, underfloor heating circuits - everything is already installed, all that remains is to connect the boiler. When studying the issue, you may come across the fact that the boiler piping also includes the installation of all elements of the heating system. But this is wrong, since it is important to separate the heat generator (boiler) and the heat emitter (battery that gives off heat). Everything between them is the harness.

Boiler piping solves three problems:

1. Uniform heat distribution throughout the system.
2. Protecting the boiler from overheating, which can lead to equipment shutdown (the best option) or an explosion (the worst option).
3. High-quality supply of hot water, if the boiler is .

Based on the type of installation complexity, heating boiler piping can be divided into complex and simple (conditionally). Simple piping includes a minimum set of instruments, devices, units and is performed, as a rule, for expensive boilers, which already have most of the protection elements and coolant distribution units built into them. Complex piping of the boiler (this is the same set of pipes in the photo) is carried out in the case of installing the simplest boiler, which, in fact, plays the role of a gas burner.

Note: In general, it can be argued that the cost of a boiler and its piping is inversely proportional: the more expensive the boiler, the simpler and cheaper its installation; the cheaper the boiler, the more expensive and complex its piping scheme.

But this statement does not apply to industrial facilities, where increased safety standards apply and a complete piping scheme, sometimes duplicating the already built-in functions of the heating boiler, must be carried out in any case to comply with acceptance standards.

This material does not discuss the piping of industrial boilers installed in large boiler houses that supply heat to individual neighborhoods or enterprises.

Wiring a wall-mounted boiler and water heater

What to buy and why

Elements of the heating boiler piping circuit in the maximum configuration include:

1. Expansion tank.
2. Pump.
3. 8 taps (two each for the pump, supply, return, and one each for the cold water supply and the hot water outlet fitting).
4. Fittings (American nuts, couplings, angles, tees).
5. Mechanical filters (2 pieces) and a softener (1 at the cold water inlet to the boiler).
6. Gas tap and reducer (for gas boiler).
7. Relief valve (air vent).
8. Separate electrical input with automatic power cut-off (for any boilers that have an electrical part, as well as for pumps).
9. Measuring instruments.
10. Adapter from the boiler chimney to the house one (except for gas turbocharged ones - they have a chimney included).
11. In some cases, blower fans and smoke exhausters can be installed if required by the project.

Depending on the boiler and the selected heating system design, some elements may not be used.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the choice of pipe material. Plastic pipes are easy to install and are used everywhere. But sometimes project conditions require the use of steel pipes. Today this is due, in most cases, to the requirement of fire safety standards or the fulfillment of technical requirements to ensure uninterrupted operation of heating. If they exist, then you need to clarify where and what pipes you can use according to the project. For example, part of the circuit in the boiler room can be made of metal in the boiler room itself, and in residential/office premises switch to plastic. Or make all the piping metal, if this is heating a workshop or workshop and the project requires it.

Work order:

1. Boiler installation.
2. Plumbing work to connect the boiler to the heating system consists of: connecting the supply and return with installing a filter on the latter, installing a filter and softener for cold water inlet (for refilling the heating system), installing a hot water tap.
3. Installation and testing of pump operation.
4. Connecting a fuel source (gas, electricity)
5. Air valve installation.
6. Installation of expansion tank.
7. Installation of control devices (pressure gauges, thermometers, thermocouples, pyrometers)
8. Modeling situations for the activation of emergency shutdown systems.
9. Full check of the operation of the heating system with installed boiler piping.
10. Acceptance of work.

Let's start tying the boiler

There are two heating schemes: gravity and forced. The first type is called gravitational because it uses simple laws of physics: due to the difference in the density of the heated and spent coolant, movement occurs along the circuit. The coolant returns to the boiler under the influence of its own weight, without the use of a pump. The creation of a gravitational circuit is not only the basis of all foundations, but also the basis on which the entire safety of the system is built. This rule should never be neglected.

Advantages:

1. Simplicity, which is the key to reliability.
2. Autonomy at work.
3. One of the cheapest strapping options.

Forced heating is when you insert a pump into your gravity circuit. They do this for a number of reasons:

• they want to save on the boiler and fuel: the boiler is small, the system is large, so the pump ensures pumping of the coolant to the very extreme point of the system, so that all of it evenly releases heat into the room;
• correct the operation of an incorrectly installed heating system - the circuit is not gravitational.

The pump circuit is reliable and provides consumer comfort. But the lack of electricity makes it useless.

Piping of floor-standing boilers for a powerful heating system

Initially: the boiler is installed as low as possible at the highest point of the heating system (therefore, in private houses installation in a pit is required).

Note: The lower the boiler is in relation to the radiators and pipes, the better - the safer.

Simple piping of a solid fuel boiler

The coolant is always saturated with air. It is necessary to allow this air to accumulate and escape - for this purpose an expansion tank is made at the highest point of the system.

Today, many models have their own air vent (or explosion valve). In units without this element, the coolant supply pipe should go strictly vertically upward - this will save you from airing the boiler.

Preparing the boiler piping for finishing operations indoors

If the supply and return pipes come out at the bottom or side of the boiler, then there is an air vent system in the boiler. As a rule, it is found in all models of electric and gas boilers.

On the wiring diagrams (see. photo) you can find a lot of bends, pipe turns, various built-in elements (redundant filters, taps, valves). The master’s task is to reduce their number to the required minimum: there should be fewer bends, and even fewer turns and tees. The principle applies: the simpler the system, the more reliable it is.

Solid fuel boilers are easy to connect, but

The combustion process in these boilers is not regulated. Because of this, a number of emergency situations are possible that need to be mitigated. The most common is a power outage, which can cause the pump to fail or stop. The solution is simple - creating additional emergency schemes, which include:

1. Gravity circuit.
2. Cold water supply.
3. Backup power supply for the pump.
4. Installation of a heat storage tank.
5. Additional emergency circuit.

Installation and piping of a gas boiler for heating a private house must be carried out in accordance with the rules prescribed in the regulatory documentation. Compliance with them is mandatory, since any gas-using equipment is a source of increased danger. The purpose of this article is to explain the essence of these rules, as well as to describe methods of connecting various heat generators and present the corresponding wiring diagrams.

General rules for installing gas equipment

A homeowner planning to install a gas boiler in his home should understand several general rules:

• building codes stipulate that gas-using equipment, including boilers, can only be installed if design documentation is available.
• technical conditions for the implementation of the project are issued by the organization that supplies natural gas, and it also carries out subsequent approval of the documentation;
• you can do the installation of the heating unit, as well as its connection to the heating system and chimney, with your own hands, but in accordance with design solutions;
• It is prohibited to independently supply a gas line to the combustion room and connect it to the boiler. This work must be performed by companies with special permission.

Note. Typically, the gas supply organization undertakes the entire complex of work on design, installation and connection to the main line.

Requirements for the premises for installing a gas boiler in a private house

The homeowner’s task is to decide in which room to place the boiler installation. Users often have questions about whether it is possible to install a gas boiler in a bathroom, toilet or other rooms. In this regard, building codes provide clear instructions according to which installation of a heat generator is allowed in the following places:

• in the kitchen, if the thermal power of the unit does not exceed 60 kW;
• in any separate room located near the outer wall of the building;
• in an external extension to the house;
• in a separate boiler room building.

For reference. In the Russian Federation, all standards regarding the placement of gas boilers are specified in the document MDS 41-2.2000. Other countries of the former USSR have their own regulations, but from the technical side they are practically no different from Russian ones.

It turns out that placing a heat generator in a bathroom or other living room is not allowed. If you plan to install a heating unit in the kitchen, then you must take into account that its height must be at least 2.5 m. Second requirement: the minimum volume of the room must be 15 m3 + 0.2 m3 for each kW of boiler power. For example, to install a 15 kW unit, you need a kitchen with a volume of 15 + 15 x 0.2 = 18 m3. In addition, a window and a supply grille built into the lower part of the entrance door are required. Its flow area is at least 0.025 m2.

Which gas boiler is allowed to be installed in a kitchen or other separate room - floor-mounted or wall-mounted - is not regulated by standards.

When placing heating equipment in other separate rooms or extensions, the same height requirements are imposed on them, and the minimum volume is limited to a fixed figure - 15 m3. In this case, the following distances must be maintained between the body of the floor-standing unit and the walls:

• from the edge of any part protruding from the front side to the wall - 1 m;
• if maintenance is necessary, passages at least 0.6 m wide are required on the sides;
• At the back you need to provide enough space for connecting the chimney and servicing it, that is, at least 0.6 m in width.

When installing a wall-mounted gas boiler, including inside a kitchen cabinet, the intervals shown in the diagram should be observed:

A window opening is needed in the outer wall of the room to provide natural light. The glazing area is taken at the rate of 0.03 m2 for each cubic meter of boiler room volume. The partitions separating it from adjacent rooms must be fireproof and withstand the effects of flame in the event of a fire for 45 minutes.

A few words about supply and exhaust ventilation. Its task is to ensure that the air in the boiler room is replaced three times within 1 hour. In numbers, this is expressed as follows: the volume of the room is multiplied by 3, resulting in air flow in m3/hour. This is sufficient for the operation of gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber. But for heat generators that take combustion air directly from the room (open chamber), the consumption of this air should be added to the threefold exchange. Its meaning can be found in the technical data sheet for the product.

Is it possible to install a gas boiler in an apartment?

The difficulties associated with this event are not at all technical. In fact, the technical requirements for installing a gas boiler in an apartment are no different from the standards for a private house. You need a kitchen of the required volume that meets these requirements, in which supply and exhaust ventilation functions normally. According to these indicators, most kitchens in apartments in multi-storey buildings are suitable for placing boilers.

Another thing is that the installation of individual heating requires obtaining permission from local governments. This can be difficult and sometimes impossible. In addition, the legislation of some countries of the former USSR directly prohibits the installation of individual heating using gas boilers. Hence the conclusion: theoretically it is possible to install a heat generator in an apartment, but in practice you may encounter problems with its legalization and connection to gas networks.

How to wire a heat generator

At their core, gas boilers are high-tech automated devices, so piping them is quite simple, even with your own hands. It consists of the following activities:

• connection to a water heating system;
• organization of removal of combustion products;
• connection to the DHW network if the unit is double-circuit.

Note. We do not consider connecting to the gas main, since it is impossible to do it yourself.

The easiest way to connect a wall-mounted boiler is that it already has a built-in circulation pump, and sometimes it also has an expansion tank. You just need to hang the heat generator on the wall and connect the heating system pipes to it from below. They should be connected using American connections, installing shut-off valves in front of them. It is also necessary to install a strainer (dirt filter) on the return pipeline.

The connection to the chimney depends on the type of boiler. A unit with an open combustion chamber is connected to a vertical chimney pipe brought to the roof level. Turbocharged heat generators take air from outside, so they require a short horizontal chimney, called a coaxial one. It is laid directly through the wall to the street, although no one forbids bringing the pipe to the roof.

Attention! It is prohibited to connect a gas-fired boiler to the ventilation duct.

As for floor heating units that are not equipped with additional equipment, tying them up is somewhat more difficult. You need to buy and install a circulation pump, expansion tank and safety group. How to do this correctly is shown in the diagram:

For a more complex system with several heating circuits, a piping method with a hydraulic separator is used, as shown below:

Piping diagram for a double-circuit gas boiler

It cannot be said that connecting a heat generator to a hot water supply network greatly complicates the entire process. Unlike a conventional boiler, the piping of a double-circuit boiler involves 2 additional pipelines, which must be connected to the corresponding pipes of the unit. So there are no special difficulties, you just need to spend more time. The correct connection of a heater with two heating circuits is shown in the diagram:

Note. It is assumed that the strainer is installed at the entrance of the water supply to the house.

Since double-circuit boilers are not designed for intensive hot water supply, it will be enough to lay a pipe to 2-3 main consumers in the house. In this case, you should not increase the diameter of this pipeline; be guided by the dimensions of the connecting pipe of the heat generator.

Conclusion

When installing and piping a natural gas boiler, you must not deviate from the requirements of regulatory documents. Not only that, the very first inspection of the gas service will reveal violations and give an order to eliminate them. Failure to comply with the rules can endanger the health and life of your loved ones, as it can lead to consequences of varying severity.

The topic of this article is the heating system of a private house. In it I am going to talk about what elements, in addition to the boiler and radiators, the heating circuit should include, how to select them and install them correctly. So, let's go.

Heating schemes

I'll start with a small lyrical digression.

Heating systems with water as a coolant are divided into:

• Open and closed;
• With forced circulation and gravity.

What does this division mean?

Open and closed

An open expansion tank is installed at the top point of the open circuit.

It combines three functions:

1. Allows you to add water, compensating for its leakage and evaporation;
2. Accommodates excess water during its expansion accompanying heating;
3. Serves to remove air pockets.

For the air vent to work through an open tank, the bottling must be laid with a constant slope from the tank to the boiler heat exchanger.

A closed system does not communicate with the atmosphere and operates with excess pressure. Its main problem is that when heated, the coolant increases in volume and may well rupture pipes and heating devices.

Gravitational and forced

The operation of a heating system with forced circulation is ensured by a circulation pump - a low-power device with a screw or centrifugal impeller mounted on the shaft of an electric motor. It provides a sufficiently high flow rate in the pipes and, accordingly, fast and uniform heating of heating devices.

The Achilles heel of forced circulation is the energy dependence of the pump. In conditions of short-term outages, the situation can be saved by an uninterruptible power supply, but in the event of a prolonged absence of electricity, the heating will cease to perform its functions.

A system with natural circulation, which is ensured by the difference in the density of cold and hot water, does not have this drawback.

The principle of its operation is extremely simple:

• Water heated in the heat exchanger of a heating boiler (usually solid fuel) is displaced through the accelerating manifold into the upper part of the circuit by colder coolant masses;
• From there it moves by gravity along the circuit, gradually releasing heat through the radiators;
• The cooled water is returned to the heat exchanger, and after it is heated, the cycle repeats.

Introduction to the theory is completed. Let's move on to practice.

Gravity open system

Elements

In a gravity open system, the piping of a pellet heating boiler or other solid fuel heat source includes:

• Acceleration manifold. In essence, it is just a short vertical bottling section immediately after the kettle;
• Open expansion tank. As a rule, its volume is taken approximately equal to 10% of the coolant volume in the circuit.

The easiest way to find out the capacity of the circuit is by filling the heating system with water and draining it into a bucket of known volume or any other measuring container.

In addition, shut-off valves are installed at the inlet and outlet of the boiler. They allow you to turn off the heat exchanger for repairs or maintenance without dumping the entire volume of coolant.

Such taps are installed in any system, regardless of its type and heat source.

Scheme

It is extremely simple: the expansion tank is mounted at the top filling point after the accelerating manifold. Optionally, it is equipped with a tap for filling the circuit with water. A tap is installed at the lowest point of the system to completely drain the coolant: it will be useful if the house is left without heating in cold weather.

The boiler is installed at the lowest point of the circuit (usually in a basement or pit). The height difference between its heat exchanger and the radiators, in fact, ensures stable circulation: thanks to this difference, the cooled water continues to move by gravity.

Open system with forced circulation

Elements

For obvious reasons, an accelerating collector is not needed in this case. Its functions are performed by a circulation pump.

When choosing a pump, you should pay attention to its performance. It is selected depending on the thermal load on the circuit (read: boiler power) according to the following table:

You can ignore the pressure created by the pump when choosing it; its minimum values ​​are quite sufficient for a private house of any reasonable size. For reference: the heating system of an apartment building forces a pressure of only 2 meters to circulate (which corresponds to an excess pressure of 0.2 kgf/cm2).

Scheme

The circulation pump is installed, as a rule, in front of the boiler in the direction of the coolant flow: in this section of the circuit the coolant temperature is minimal.

A slight change in the configuration of the circuit will allow it to work with both forced and natural circulation:

• The pump does not cut into the filling gap, but parallel to its section;
• A ball valve or check valve with minimal hydraulic resistance (usually a ball valve) is installed between the taps.

When the pump is running, the bypass between the taps is closed. When the power supply is interrupted, the tap or check valve opens and the heating system continues to operate as a gravity system.

Closed system

Elements

Piping a boiler room in a private house with a closed heating system includes:

• Diaphragm expansion tank. It is a container divided by a rubber membrane into compartments for air and coolant. Unlike liquids, air compresses perfectly and compensates for the increase in volume of water or antifreeze;

The volume of the tank in this case is taken equal to approximately 10% of the volume of the coolant. That, in turn, in a balanced system is approximately equal to 15 liters per kilowatt of boiler power.

• Safety valve. The valve releases the coolant when the upper limit of the permissible pressure is reached;

Constant activation of the safety valve indicates insufficient volume of the expansion tank.

• Automatic air vent. It helps get rid of air pockets that impede circulation;

• Pressure gauge for visual pressure monitoring.

In the case of a forced circulation circuit, the boiler piping circuit predictably includes a circulation pump.

Scheme

Both the safety group (air vent, pressure gauge and valve) and the expansion tank, in theory, can be mounted at any point in a closed circuit. In practice, when installing a heating system with your own hands, the tank is usually placed in front of the boiler, at a distance of at least 8 filling diameters after the pump or at least two filling diameters in front of the pump.

Why is this so?

• The minimum coolant temperature increases the service life of the tank membrane;
• The absence of turbulence from the pump impeller also has a beneficial effect on the service life of the membrane.

The safety group is most often installed at the boiler outlet.

Optional elements

What other elements can be included in the piping of a floor-standing or wall-mounted boiler?

Thermal accumulator

This is the name of a metal or polymer tank with thermally insulated walls. As the name suggests, it serves to store thermal energy.

This is useful in two cases:

1. When using a solid fuel boiler. Heat accumulation allows you to increase the period of time between lighting and operate the boiler at rated power (and, accordingly, with maximum efficiency);
2. When heating the house with an electric boiler and having a two-tariff meter. At night, when the price of a kilowatt-hour of electricity is minimal, the boiler heats water in the heat storage tank, and during the day the accumulated heat is used to heat the home.

The use of a heat accumulator implies the presence of two circuits, at least one of which operates with forced circulation. The first ring connects the boiler heat exchanger and the tank, the second - the heat accumulator and heating devices.

Hydroarrow

In essence, it is just a thick pipe with several inlets and outlets. The function of the hydraulic arrow is to synchronize the operation of several circuits with different temperatures (for example, radiators and heated floors).

The water temperature in the heated floor pipes is no more than 40 degrees.

Each circuit is equipped with its own pump and (in the case of a low-temperature circuit) a three-way valve that recirculates the coolant.

In some cases, the function of a hydraulic arrow is performed by a heat accumulator.

How is this possible?

Inside the tank, slowly circulating water is divided by temperature: the hottest (and least dense) coolant collects in the upper part of the tank, the coldest in the lower part.

By drawing water from pipes located at different heights, you can obtain any temperature in the range from boiler supply temperature to room temperature.

The photo shows the connection of the heat accumulator to multi-temperature hot water systems and heated floors.

Collector

One of the problems with connecting heating devices in series is the temperature variation between them. The supply radiators are always hotter than the return radiators, which leads to uneven heating of the rooms in the house.

The collector allows you to connect several convectors, radiators or circuits in parallel. Each collector outlet is equipped with its own tap or throttle, allowing independent shutdown and adjustment of devices.

Indirect heating boiler

Typically, to heat hot water, it is practiced to use a double-circuit boiler with a flow-through heat exchanger.

However, this solution has a couple of unpleasant drawbacks:

• Simultaneous operation of heating and instantaneous water heater requires a large power reserve. If you have an electric boiler and a power of 10 kW is allocated to your house, you will have to choose between warm rooms and a hot shower;
• Most instantaneous heaters do not allow precise control of the outlet water temperature. Trying to take a shower or wash the dishes becomes a constant battle with the taps.

An indirect heating boiler is a typical storage water heater without both problems. It connects to the heating circuit and takes some of the heat from the coolant.

In summer, circulation occurs in a small circle - between the boiler and the boiler.

Conclusion

Of course, in a short article we have not considered all possible schemes for connecting boilers and their piping. The video in this article will help you learn more about the design of boiler rooms. I look forward to your additions and comments. Good luck, comrades!

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The purpose of any heating system is to create a comfortable environment in the home. A favorable microclimate cannot be achieved if the heating boiler is connected incorrectly. Piping diagrams for gas heating boilers help connect this device to the water supply system and distribution networks, in accordance with established rules and technical requirements.

What does boiler piping mean?

If a person has never before encountered the need to arrange a heating system, he is not familiar with the term “piping”. This concept means the use of a specific installation scheme that will protect the equipment from possible overheating.

According to experts, correctly installed piping of a gas heating boiler or an appliance operating on a different type of fuel allows the heating system to operate more economically and efficiently.

Heating boiler piping elements

Knowing what elements a gas heating boiler piping diagram contains will help you connect heating equipment to the system without any problems:

1. Heating boiler. It is one of the main components of the heating structure; its choice largely determines the method of connection and. The heating boiler must not be placed at the top of the pipeline distribution. The heating circuit rod must be capable of venting air. To avoid air pockets, if the boiler does not have an air vent, the pipe should be positioned vertically.
2. Pipes. This element has gas wall-mounted and electric appliances designed for heating liquid coolant (read also: " "). The presence of pipes means that the boiler is equipped with an automatic air vent.
3. Expansion tank. This membrane element is used when piping a wall-mounted gas boiler, as well as a floor heating device. Thanks to its presence, the heating generator is reliably protected from water hammer. The expansion tank consists of two cavities that are separated by a special membrane.This design controls possible pressure drops in the heating boiler. The device functions as follows: the coolant moves through one of the cavities, and at the same time the other cavity is filled with air.
4. Heating radiators. These devices provide heat exchange between the air in the room and the coolant liquid (read also: " ").

Features of gas boiler piping

There are several ways to tie a gas boiler. The most popular option is . Working with pipes made of this material is low cost and simple. Plaque and solid particles do not collect on the walls of polypropylene products. When such pipes are used, piping a gas boiler with your own hands is not difficult; any property owner can handle such work.

Piping of boilers, including double-circuit models, is carried out by soldering. This method allows you to avoid leaks during operation, in contrast to the use of fittings, when, if they are not fastened accurately, there are places through which the coolant liquid flows (read also: " ").

The polypropylene pipeline allows you to create a contour of any shape. Welding of this material is carried out in different ways, the main thing is not to allow a large number of pipe connections, which must be made smooth and uniform. The exception concerns the gas supply point to the heating boiler. The connection is made by using a rigid threaded connection, called “American” (squeeze).

Paronite serves as a gasket. It is prohibited to use tow, fum tape or components made of rubber. The fact is that rubber gaskets under the influence of high temperatures can narrow and, as a result, practically block the passage in the pipeline, and tow is easily flammable.

A pipeline tied with polypropylene pipes, such as the one in the photo, can withstand pressures of up to 25 bar; high temperatures reaching 95 degrees Celsius are also not dangerous for it.

Connecting double-circuit gas boilers

A double-circuit boiler, unlike a single-circuit heating device, has a universal purpose. Such a unit for domestic needs heats water and at the same time maintains the required temperature conditions.

The peculiarity of double-circuit boilers is that in the process of consuming hot water, parallel operation of both circuits does not occur. This means that the piping of a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler does not depend on the type of heating and is always the same. Due to the large size of the pipes, radiators and coolant take quite a long time to cool.

There is one more feature: if you are piping a double-circuit gas boiler, then natural circulation of water cannot be used. Many models are equipped with a special pump, because without it, after the generator stops heating, the movement of the coolant stops and the installation begins to reheat, which takes much longer and, as a result, the radiators begin to unevenly heat the room (read: "").

Gas boiler wiring diagrams

If the gas boiler is piped in the classical way, the coolant moves up the supply pipeline. Then the water is directed into risers, which have special devices that do not allow them to be opened.

The heating level is regulated by radiators equipped with a throttle and jumpers (read also: " "). It is mandatory to install a shut-off valve on the second supply line, and an air vent is placed in the upper part of the expansion tank. The coolant returns to the boiler along the lower supply line.

When the piping of a double-circuit gas boiler is carried out by the house owner himself, you need to prepare the following tools and components for the work:

Forced-type devices are easy to operate and are considered more comfortable to use.

The heating unit is controlled automatically. Among the advantages, it should be noted that a certain temperature can be set for individual rooms, thanks to the presence of sensors that control the heating process.

At the same time, the piping scheme of a wall-mounted gas boiler has negative aspects, including:

• high price for components;
• the difficulty of implementing the strapping, which can only be done by a professional;
• the need for constant balancing of parts;
• high cost of service.

If the house has a complex heating system, for example, there is a “warm floor” and radiators, then you may notice some inconsistency in the movement of the coolant. Therefore, to solve the problem, a hydraulic decoupling is included in the piping circuit, forming several circuits for the movement of coolants - a common circuit and a boiler circuit.

To waterproof each circuit, an additional heat exchanger is installed. This will be required to combine open and closed systems. Installations belonging to the separate type must be equipped with circular pumps, a safety system and taps (drain and feed).

How to connect a gas boiler, see details in the video:

Wiring diagrams for wall-mounted boilers

The piping of a floor-standing gas boiler and other types of heating devices can be simplified if you use primary-secondary rings. There will be fewer all kinds of devices designed to control the operation of the system if you make several rings of the heating system and install its own circulation pump for each of them. Thanks to such measures, a uniform supply of hot coolant to the end consumer is ensured.

The wiring diagram for a dual-circuit device is complex. A reasonable solution is to contact a specialized gas organization. Its employees will quickly connect the equipment to the gas supply system.

Heating equipment is designed to make life easier and make living in the house comfortable. Why carry firewood and buy coal? It is much more convenient to connect a gas boiler to a common line. It can be mounted both on the wall and on the floor. But how to properly organize heating so that the coolant is distributed evenly throughout the system? How can you save on fuel consumption? Gas boiler piping diagrams will help you.

What does the harness include?

How does the system usually work? It is based on a heating boiler, from which the coolant is distributed through pipes and radiators. Trimming is an installation scheme that protects against overheating and guarantees efficient operation. It includes elements that are located between the radiators and the boiler:

• Pipes, divided into two circuits: supply and return lines.
• Shut-off valves, fittings.
• Expansion tank. Its volume is equal to 10% of the total amount of coolant in the system. When heated, water expands and pressure increases. To ensure that the value does not exceed the critical level, excess liquid is taken into a membrane tank. After cooling, the water returns to the circuit again.
• Safety valve. Has the same function as the expansion tank. Discharges excess water into the sewer, preventing an explosion when pressure increases.
• Air vent. Air pockets interfere with coolant circulation. The air vent automatically bleeds air from the system.
• Pressure gauge- a device for measuring and monitoring pressure.
• Circulation pump. Responsible for the forced movement of liquid through pipes. The pressure and productivity depend on its power.
• Hydroarrow- these are pipes that are combined into a common container. With a hydraulic arrow, you can connect several circuits at the same time, avoiding their influence on each other.
• Coarse filter. Fine mesh detail. Detains debris that comes with tap water (sand, rust).

Automation is installed to control the operation of gas and electric boilers. This is a set of sensors for ionization, draft, ignition, temperature. Each of them controls the operation of a separate node.

The more complex the piping scheme, the more the efficiency of a boiler for a private house or apartment increases.

Strapping schemes

To understand how to make the connection correctly, pay attention to the type of boiler. The connection of a single-circuit and double-circuit unit will be different. The simplest piping does not include a pump. The design uses only shut-off valves and a filter. This is a financially economical approach, but it does not ensure uniform distribution of the coolant.

It’s easier to make the connection with polypropylene with your own hands. Pipes made from this material are inexpensive and easy to install. In addition, plaque and scale do not accumulate on their walls. You can assemble a circuit of any shape; the connections are made using an “American” fit. Paronite is used as gaskets.

Single-pipe (simple) circuit

The instructions are suitable for single-circuit boilers “”, “”, “” and other brands. The design provides for one pipe, which extends from the body along the floor level. The batteries are connected in series, which reduces the heating efficiency (especially since the combination does not turn on the pump).

Advantages of installation with natural circulation:

• Easy installation.
• Independence of heating from the availability of electricity (the pump requires a connection to the network to operate).
• Minimum costs for materials and equipment.

The picture below shows the connection already with a pump and forced circulation.

Two-pipe installation

How to tie a double-circuit boiler? It includes a supply line that goes up (riser) and turns at the ceiling. This is the main pipe, from which a fork diverges separately to each radiator. The outlet pipe is located at the floor line. Each battery is connected to it by a pipe. It is this organization that allows the coolant to be evenly distributed, which means that the room can be heated effectively.

In one-story houses, you can install a heating system with natural circulation. But in multi-storey buildings only the option with a pump is used. What you will need during installation:

• pump (usually included with the boiler);
• distribution valve;
• membrane tank;
• shut-off valves;
• filters;
• check valve;
• adapters, tee.