No draft in the chimney: ways to improve draft. Poor draft in the stove - what to do Why there is no draft in the home stove

Often modern stove users are faced with a problem such as lack of draft. It is very easy to determine this condition, since the first signs will be smoke in the house and poor combustion. It is very easy to understand that there is no traction, but to determine real reasons This state of affairs is quite difficult.

All the reasons for the lack of draft in the furnace can be divided into two large groups: the appearance of inconvenience during the first start-up and the lack of draft that appears over time.

“Congenital” causes of lack of traction

After the furnace is built, the first fire is carried out, as a result of which it is clear whether the device is working correctly or not. Smoke and poor draft may in this case be caused by the following reasons.

1. The construction of the chimney was carried out with violations of technology. The horizontal channels in the chimney exceed the required length of 1.5-2 meters. Smoke may also be caused by the fact that the channels themselves are not wide enough. In this case, the chimney does not have time to pull out all the smoke, and if the channel is too wide, the draft becomes too large, which significantly reduces the efficiency. Calculation of channels is carried out taking into account the size of the firebox, as well as depending on the purpose of the structure itself.
2. The exit to the chimney well is not made correctly. In general, the outlet to the well itself should be larger than the size of the gas channel. One more an important condition is that the upper edge of the outlet must be located above the upper edge of the combustion door. If it is not possible to make the edge higher, then an additional wall will be required at the rear of the oven. This additional design helps protect the chimney from large amounts of ash and unburned fuel getting into it.

1. To avoid the formation of smoke, the diameter of the pipes when lining the chimney must be exactly the same.
2. The draft can also be reduced by a blower of insufficient length.
3. The absence of a protective cap at the top of the pipe will result in precipitation constantly getting inside, which can also lead to a decrease in draft.
4. If during the construction of the furnace the sealing of seams or cleaning doors was broken, then a similar problem may also arise.
5. If a multifunctional stove with several fireboxes is installed, then the reason for the lack of draft may be a violation of the formation of the partition.

The craving disappeared over time

Sometimes there are situations when, after creation, the stove works perfectly, but over time the draft begins to weaken or disappear altogether. This condition can be caused various reasons, each of which should be considered separately.

Covered with soot

This is the most common reason for lack of cravings that occurs over time. After all, the formation of soot during fuel combustion is a natural process. Therefore, this is not surprising. As a result of combustion particles remaining on the walls, the diameter of the pipe becomes much narrower, which leads to a decrease in draft. Therefore, regularly removing soot from the chimney is the primary task of every owner. Regular cleaning of the chimney will not only increase draft, but also increase operational efficiency, as well as comply with fire safety regulations. The amount of soot formation on the chimney walls can be reduced by using special fireboxes wood briquettes, since they contain the least moisture and other non-combustible impurities in their composition.

Air pressure from outside

If the temperature drops outside, the draft in the furnace may also decrease. After all cold air much heavier than the warm one, and it begins to press and go down. Very often, the narrowing of the pipe from soot and cold air together cause significant disruption to the operation of the furnace. In this case, the solution to the problem will be a set of actions: cleaning the chimney, insulating it and creating a good inflow fresh air.

Canopy protecting the chimney

Almost every pipe on the street has a special metal canopy that protects the pipes from precipitation. But often it is this that makes it difficult for smoke to escape. In this case, the traction will become worse due to the formation of an air plug. In this case, you will need to remove the visor or place it on an element that will be located higher.

Brick collapse

Often during operation, when there is constant heating of the air inside furnace design, the brick may collapse. In this case, the brick will fall and clog the chimney. To prevent this from happening, it is imperative to take care of the insulation of the chimney. This will solve the problem with cold air.

Depressurization

Often in an old chimney the draft will weaken due to its leakage. The reason for such situations may be the formation of cracks, holes, shifts and other defects. If the seal in the chimney is broken, this can cause another danger. After all, when wood burns in a stove, sparks and ash enter the chimney, and they can cause a fire when they get into such damage.

Taking a break from using the oven

Almost every owner of a private home faces this problem. stove heating, especially after a long break in the use of equipment during the flight period. During periods of downtime, moisture accumulates in the unit, and this, in turn, forms dense layers of air in the oven. They are often called air locks. They are the reason why smoke does not escape outside during combustion. But after a few days the problem disappears on its own.

Conclusion

Thus, when a similar problem arises, the stove owner is faced with the question of how to cope with smoke and return the unit to working condition. Among the main steps that can help correct the situation are:

1. Cleaning the chimney from soot and other combustion residues. You can do this yourself, without involving specialists.
2. Provide sufficient air flow. Before you start lighting the stove, you should open a window in the room to ensure a constant flow of fresh air and facilitate the combustion process and the removal of smoke from the stove.
3. Insulate the chimney if this has not been done previously. This procedure will significantly reduce the cold air pressure on the furnace.

Most often, these are simple steps that can be performed independently, without the help of specialists.

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Home stove owners know that starting a fire can sometimes be very difficult. This may be due to raw fuel or insufficient air flow.

With the first problem everything is very clear, but as for the second one, it is necessary to understand in more detail.

The problem with backdraft is the wrong direction of air flow. That is, the flow of gases emanating from combustion products is directed not directly into the chimney, but back into the room. There is a concept called “thrust reversal”, which describes a process in which the movement of flows is reversed for a short time.

This may be due to trees nearby, or tall buildings, which are nearby, or perhaps the height of the chimney is insufficient. As you can see, there are enough factors.

So what to do if there is no draft in the furnace?

You can see that there is no traction quite simply. When you begin to notice that the glass on the door is covered with soot, the wood burns but emits a large number of smoke and when you open the oven door, the room is literally filled with smoke - which means the draft is very weak. And if you don’t figure it out and fix the problem in time, the traction will worsen and become reversed.

Before you begin any manipulations, you need to know for sure why there is no draft, maybe it is too weak or it is not there at all in the chimney. Most effective method- anemometer. The tool is good, but not everyone has it. If you have the opportunity to ask for such a thing, then take advantage of it.

If there is nowhere to get an anemometer, then go the “folk” way. Light a piece of paper and extinguish it, then bring it to the stove and watch it where will he go smoke. When the smoke slowly goes into the chimney, there is a draft, but it is too small. If smoke goes into the room, there is no draft at all. If the smoke starts to blow in the other direction, there is draft in the chimney, but in the opposite direction.

The amount of thrust can also be determined by the color of the flame. For example, when everything is normal, the color will be golden. If the flame is reddish, there is not enough oxygen for normal combustion. But if you hear a hum when heating the firebox, the hood is too large.

One of the main criteria proper operation The traditional Russian stove is its draft. If the structure of the structure is made without violations, then during operation smoke will flow freely through the chimney.

Otherwise, combustion products will remain in the room, which represents serious danger to people and the building as a whole. Accordingly, this problem cannot be tolerated. It is necessary to determine the causes of weak traction (or lack thereof) and take measures to eliminate this problem.

How does a furnace draft work?

The formation of draft occurs due to natural processes, the prerequisites for which are laid by the design of the furnace itself. Main role The chimney plays a role in this, through which smoke is removed. During combustion, a zone of rarefied air is created due to the difference in height. Thus, a traction force is formed, facilitating the removal of combustion products.

Helps remove smoke and heat in a working oven. However, despite the simplicity of the described process, there are many factors that can complicate it. This is partly external factors, but often the answer to the question of why there is no draft in a Russian stove must be sought in technical parameters furnace design. One way or another, identifying the causes of poor traction is the first step in solving the problem.

Causes of weak traction

Insufficient draft in the furnace is, in most cases, "congenital" defect, which is easy to discover after completion construction work. The main features are smoke in the room and low combustion.

But you can check the draft without direct ignition. To do this, you need to bring a sheet of paper or a lit match to the firebox - if there are signs of deviation of the sheet or flame inward, then the draft is working.

If the brought objects retain their condition, then the following possible causes of poor draft in the stove and, as a consequence, smoke:

Pipe length. The pipe emerging through the roof surface must rise above the roof by at least 50 cm. This is required in order to the pressure on the exhaust smoke exceeded the force of the vortex flows walking along the ridge of the roof. A short pipe can cause a reverse draft process - that is, air will flow through the chimney from the street.

No wind cap. This element must be calculated in the chimney design if the building is operated in conditions strong winds. Lack of wind protection can also be the reason why the traction force is unable to remove combustion products.

Chimney depressurization. This is exactly the case when the draft can weaken on an old chimney that once worked properly. Leaks may be caused by physical damage to the structure resulting in the formation of cracks, holes, shifts and other defects that prevent smoke from being released. But there is another danger. The fact is that in addition to smoke, sparks and ashes also come out of the stove. Their entry through a damaged section of the chimney into an unintended area of ​​the house can also cause a fire.

Insufficient blower dimensions. In this section, gases are initially supplied into the chimney pipe along with oxygen. Blower small size can cause not only a weak convection flow, due to which there will be poor draft in the furnace, but also a deficient combustion process. In such cases smoke comes out directly through the ash pan into the room, unable to cope with the task of delivering exhaust gas through the air duct.

Blockages in the chimney. A considerable percentage of problematic furnaces with insufficient draft can be “cure” by good cleaning of the chimney and internal surfaces of the stove. Routine cleaning procedures usually cover only the straight and most accessible areas of the structure. But soot most often accumulates in bends and turns, where the direction of the smoke changes. These are the areas that should be cleaned first.

Pausing oven use. Any stove owner who does not operate it properly may encounter this problem. summer time. During this period, the heating unit is idle and in it moisture accumulates, which forms dense layers of air in the chimney - the so-called air jams. As a result, they become the reason why gases do not come out. However, within a few days after using the oven, this problem should resolve itself.

Insufficient firebox volume. The answer to the question why there is no draft in the furnace may be modest size combustion chambers. In this case, a simple rule applies - a wide and long chimney does not work with a small firebox, since convection currents cannot effectively remove air cushion. Residents of houses where a heat exchanger is integrated into the combustion chamber may also encounter a similar situation. common system heating.

10.03.2017
2814
Pechnik (Moscow)

In some cases, the fireplace installation may not work correctly. You can learn from this article how to understand that there is no draft in the chimney, what to do and how to fix this problem.

Checking the traction

Important: the chimney draft limiter may be a consequence of poor ventilation.

If you don’t know how to check the chimney draft and find out whether it is working properly or not, pay attention to the following features:

• Combustion products do not come out of the chimney during ignition and during the heating process;
• Smoke and large amounts of soot come out from reverse side;
• The stove or fireplace unit does not heat up well;
• The device does not heat the room well.

Important: if you are not sure about the serviceability of the stove, it is recommended to call a specialist who will not only name the exact cause of the malfunction, but also eliminate it at a professional level.

Why is there no traction?

If you want to find the answer to the question: why is there no draft in the chimney? - We recommend paying attention to a number of the most common and common reasons:

Advice: if you know the reason why the draft in the chimney disappears, you can try to solve this problem yourself, using the tips and recommendations posted in this article.

Detailed photos will help you solve traction problems and find the optimal solution.

Cleaning the chimney

If you don’t know why there is poor draft in the chimney, at the first stage, you need to clean the pipe (How to clean a chimney: remedies and tips), which quite possibly will help you quickly solve this problem on your own.

Methods for cleaning a chimney:

1. Usage potato peelings. In order to use this method, you need to prepare about 500-600 grams of potato peelings, which we recommend drying a little first. Then light the fireplace or stove and add this product in small portions;
2. Logs. The most effective cleaning option is to use aspen firewood, which, when burned, allows you to achieve maximum heat and temperature. As a result, all soot and other contaminants begin to move away from inner surface the walls of the chimney pipe and go outside on their own;
3. If the contamination is minor, you can use ordinary coarse salt, which is also added to the fire in small portions during the combustion process and the fireplace is melted. The price of salt is one of the most affordable, with proven effectiveness in untreated cases.

Advice: if you want to clean the chimney yourself and don’t trust traditional methods, you can use such specialized and adapted chemical cleaning agents and compositions as: “Komichek”, “Chimney Sweep”.

Chemicals can be produced in the form of powder, logs, capsules. Each of which has its own advantages and method of application, which will help you get acquainted with special instructions With important tips and recommendations from the manufacturer.

Mechanical cleaning methods

If you know why the draft in the chimney disappeared and this reason is not due weather events or design flaws, cleaning can be done independently and using mechanical methods.

Cleaning rules:

• Using a special brush. Cleaning can be done both from the side of the house and from the roof. Cleaning the chimney from the roof side is carried out if polygonal sandwich pipes are used. You can either buy a brush at any specialized store or make it yourself. Special attention at self-production, it is necessary to pay attention to the handle, which must exactly follow all the bends of the chimney;
• Cleaning should be carried out exclusively in dry and favorable weather. This is necessary for safety;
• Before this manipulation, it is necessary to close all dampers and latches tightly and well, if they are missing, combustion chamber must self-isolate;
• Any work on the roof must be carried out exclusively using a safety rope;
• The soot must be pushed down, and then removed independently through special channels or holes.

To learn more about the cleaning process, we recommend watching the video in this article.

Other ways and reasons for lack of traction

Now you know what the chimney draft depends on and how you can improve it yourself. If all the previous methods do not help you, we recommend that you pay attention to other points:

1. Check the height of the pipe above the roof level. Its height from the ridge must be at least 60 centimeters. If the indicator is lower, due to the presence of trees and other buildings, you will have to raise it. To do this, you simply need to insert the missing element of a smaller diameter inside and seal it;
2. If the cause of the malfunction is the presence of poor channel geometry, it is recommended to replace the pipe with a simpler one with round, which will significantly improve permeability and ventilation;
3. Increased influx. Provide indoors at home good ventilation. Set to plastic windows fans or valves. The optimal air flow in the living room should be at least 1-2 meters per second;
4. Installation of the deflector. Install a special tip on the top of the chimney pipe. It will improve air circulation and ventilation, both inside and outside the house;
5. We install the turbine. Such a device, in the presence of wind, allows the installation to swing and thus the air is well and constantly blown out of the pipe into the street;
6. Use of electric fans. Such elements allow you to automatically control air flow and ventilation. If necessary, such a fan can be turned on and off. The installation allows for pressure differences, which allows the pipe to warm up completely, quickly and evenly.

Dedicated service and assistance

Carry out any installation and other work to improve traction (

Chimney cleaning with special equipment and cable

If you have no draft in the chimney and the reason is unknown to you, you must definitely contact to a professional master. Before solving a problem, a specialist must carefully assess the condition of the furnace installation, identify the cause, and only then begin work. When choosing a specialist, give preference exclusively to proven companies and organizations with experience, positive reviews and a large staff of professional employees.

Now you know about the most common causes of traction and ventilation problems, and using the above tips and recommendations you can find correct solution and fix the problem.