Do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw machine. DIY jigsaw machine - simple modifications! Made from a jigsaw

Jigsaws of various designs and types are used for slotted carvings and sawing out small parts from wood, plywood, plexiglass, plastics and other materials. These can be manual (“pioneer”), mechanical and electric jigsaws. Various magazines provided diagrams of homemade jigsaw machines driven by an electric motor and even an electric drill. Read this article on how to make a homemade jigsaw.

Using a tabletop jigsaw you can make furniture, beautiful patterned shelves and much more at home. The mechanism allows you to cut smooth and curved parts from wood, plastic and dense foam materials. In order for a homemade device to fully satisfy the requirements, it is necessary to carefully select a suitable design.

Design and technical characteristics

The device of any model of jigsaw machine necessarily contains:

• saw;
• crank assembly;
• drive unit;
• saw tension device;
• Desktop;
• auxiliary mechanisms.

The material to be processed is placed on the work table. Some models are equipped with a rotating device that changes the inclination of the surface. To make it easier to mark the material with your own hands, graduations are applied to the surface.

The larger the table size, the longer the cut you can make. On average, this figure is 30 - 40 cm.

The drive power for a homemade desktop machine is about 150 W.

The crank assembly converts the rotational motion of the drive into reciprocating motion and transmits it to the saw. On average, the frequency of saw blade vibrations per minute is 800 - 1000. The amplitude of vertical movement is no more than 5 cm. Some models allow you to select the speed of movement depending on the properties of the material.

The file of a manual jigsaw can work with wood and plastic with a thickness of no more than 10 cm, having a length of up to 35 cm. For different types of materials and work, the files vary, their width is 2 - 10 mm.

A manual tension device secures the saw blade for uniform sawing; it consists of screw or leaf springs.

Types of machines

Structurally, all jigsaw devices can be divided:

• with lower support;
• with double support;
• on suspension;
• with degree scale and stops;
• universal.

The most common are models with a lower support. Their frame is divided into two halves: lower and upper. The cutting and cleaning module is located at the top. At the bottom there is a control module, an electric motor, a transmission mechanism and a switch. Allows you to process sheets of material of any size.

Models with double support differ in that there is an additional rail on the upper half of the bed. Such devices are good for creating oversized parts. They are easier to install than the previous option. Both models allow you to process material no thicker than 8 cm. The machine comes with a work table with angle and height adjustment.

Suspended machines are not equipped with a monolithic frame; they are very mobile. During processing, it is the cutting module that moves, not the material. The working module is usually attached to the ceiling with your own hands, so the size of the material is unlimited. The cutting tool is moved by hand independently of the bed, creating very complex patterns.

Machines with a degree scale and stops are good for precise work according to drawings. The design allows you to avoid errors. Universal jigsaw machines can perform several operations associated with cutting: drilling, polishing, grinding.

Making a machine yourself

Drawing of a homemade tabletop jigsaw: 1 - rocker insert (2 pcs.), 2 - earring (2 pcs.), 3 - table, 4.6 - screws, 5 - rod, 7 - eccentric, 8 - base, 9 - earring axes, 10 - upper rocker arm, 11 - rocker arm axis, 12 - wing, 13 - tension screw cross member (2 pcs), 14 - tension screw, 15 - rocker stand, 16 - lower rocker arm, 17 - box, 18 - double-ribbed pulley, 19 - intermediate shaft, 20 - stand bushing, 21 - table plate, 22 - bearing with cover (2 pcs.), 23 - electric motor pulley.

In the drawing of a tabletop machine made by yourself, the number of components must be kept to a minimum, these are: a rocking chair with a fixed saw, a bed and an electric motor. You can take a motor from an old electric machine.

Owners of a manual jigsaw are luckier. You can make a stand from a sheet of plywood and attach a jigsaw to it. To attach the jigsaw with your own hands, you will have to make holes in the base of the tool. The simplest model is ready.

Now about the more complex and functional ones. The frame is made by hand from 12 mm plywood, thick plastic or textolite. It consists of a base, a box for housing the engine and mechanisms, and a work table. On the other side we place a rocking chair with an eccentric. They are connected to each other by a metal plate with bushing bearings. The entire structure is secured with screws. To mount the intermediate shaft, prepare a pair of bearings. A double-strand metal pulley is placed on the shaft as tightly as possible, and the screw connection is secured. You can make an eccentric in the same way.

To change the amplitude of movement of the rocker, four round through holes with threads are made on the eccentric flange, located at different distances from the axis. By changing the installation location of the screw, the range of movement of the rocking chair is adjusted. It consists of a pair of wooden rocker arms hinged to a stand. The rear ends of the rocker arms contain through cuts; tension screws are inserted into them. A file is attached to the ends at the front and is movable due to metal hinges. Before fastening, the file is inserted into the groove of the working surface of the table.

The mechanism for attaching the file is very important. When making a homemade device with your own hands, you should pay special attention to it. The inserted rocker plates bear constant loads when moving, so they are rigidly fixed and tightened with Grover screws and washers. The fastening earrings should not be strongly compressed by the screws, allowing the hinge axis of the plate to move.

It is advisable to make the rocking stand from a single piece of material. A groove for the rocker arm is made on the upper side, and a rectangular opening is cut out at the lower end for the second rocker arm. To make it easier to cut holes, you can fold the stand into two parts.

Video on how to make a jigsaw with your own hands:

Homemade jigsaw.. Sounds unreal. However, professionals have always been valued and in demand. Carpentry can be both your main income and a pleasant hobby. The hands of a carpenter produce wonderful products, unique and inimitable. In the modern world, with its terrible ecology, every person increasingly strives to surround himself with natural materials. Handmade wooden items can become an exclusive, priceless gift.

A jigsaw is capable of cutting any sheet material lengthwise and crosswise.

But in order to create all this magic, you will need not only high-quality wood, but also tools. A wide variety of wood jigsaws are sold in stores, but a true master will not be satisfied with such a tool. Because they are not suitable for performing truly delicate jewelry work. There is only one way out - to make a jigsaw. If you have hands and a bright head on your shoulders, then you can do this task.

There are several options for making such a tool: upgrading a purchased model or making it from improvised means. There are two types of jigsaws for wood: manual and electric. Hand tools are a classic.

Making from a sewing machine

Necessary materials:

• old-style sewing machine;
• file

Sequencing:

1. After unscrewing the bolts, the needle is carefully removed.
2. The drive shaft is removed.
3. The protective panel is unscrewed.
4. The hole for the needle expands to the size of the prepared file.
5. The length of the file is trimmed to the size of the needle.
6. The top and bottom of the file are ground down.
7. The file is inserted in place of the needle.

Materials for tabletop jigsaw:

• duralumin pipe;
• copper sheet;
• plastic;
• drill;
• clamps

Sequencing:

1. You need to make a frame from a duralumin pipe.
2. When making it, do not forget about the need for a channel in order to subsequently lay the power cord.
3. Making a C-shaped frame from a copper sheet. Next, it is attached with screws to the frame in the place where it connects to the handle of the tool.
4. A gap is cut in the plastic. A file passes through it. You will need a drill to cut the hole.
5. Mounting holes are drilled on the plastic.
6. The jigsaw is attached to a plastic base so that the file passes through the gap.
7. The structure is attached to the table using clamps.

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The jigsaw consists of a motor and a rocker with a saw.

Motors from washing and sewing machines can be used for the motor. The body is made of plywood. It includes the base itself and the table. The box should be located between the base and the table, and on the inside there is a shelf-bracket and an intermediate shaft. And on the reverse side there is a disk and a rocking chair.

The eccentric is connected to the rocker using a rod. The rod is made of steel plate. It's all connected with screws. The intermediate shaft should be installed on several bearings; they are covered with a lid to prevent dirt and sawdust from entering. The double-strand pulley is placed on the shaft and secured with screws. The eccentric of the jigsaw is also installed. Four holes are drilled on the eccentric flange. Thanks to this, the stepped screw will change position. Accordingly, the amplitude of the swing will change. A rocker is a wooden rocker in which you need to install a screw. And on the front side of the structure there are metal plates with hinges, with the help of which the files are attached. The file is placed in the slot of the work table and clamped tightly.

Rocker arms oscillate frequently and violently during operation, and the plates are subjected to excessive heavy loads. Therefore, it is necessary to pay due attention to the correct fastening of the saw. The plates must fit securely into the slots and be tightly tightened. But the earrings that hold the files are installed in such a way that the screws do not clamp the halves too tightly.

The axis should get a little freedom. The screw that tightens the rocker arm must have a small gap for the thrust screw. The rocking stand itself can be made from a block. A groove is made on the upper side of the block for the upper rocker arm. The stand can be made from halves or made into composite parts.

These are the homemade items you can make with your own hands. There are different jigsaws for wood, but you won’t find a better one than the one you make yourself. Such a tool will serve you faithfully for many years. This is a real help for the home craftsman. There is so much you can do using this simple unit. But still, this device can be dangerous, so before you start working, you should familiarize yourself with the rules for using the tool.

How to make a jigsaw with your own hands? A jigsaw is a saw blade that makes a reciprocating motion. Currently, this tool can be motor-driven, hand-driven, or foot-driven. It is difficult to unambiguously classify jigsaws. Let's look at their main varieties.

A jigsaw is designed for cutting out various parts from metal, wood, plastic, and ceramics.

A manual jigsaw consists of a saw blade and an elastic frame (bracket). The frame has special clamping devices for fixing the canvas. The frame has a horseshoe shape.

The advantages of this jigsaw are the accurate and clean cut of the workpiece, the ability to cut out various shapes (multi-beam snowflake). However, such a tool requires high professionalism and a strong hand.

A machine-type jigsaw (desktop) is an evolutionary continuation of a manual jigsaw. It has all the advantages of a manual jigsaw and none of its disadvantages. It allows you to cut complex internal holes without cutting the outline.

The only negative is that such a high-quality tool costs a lot of money. Structurally, it consists of a base (the workpiece is attached to it), and levers are installed at the top and bottom, at the ends of which there is a thin file.

The levers are driven by a pendulum with an electric motor. A manual jigsaw consists of a housing in which a motor, mechanisms, a speed controller and a pendulum mechanism (on some models) are installed.

A motor, a speed controller and a gearbox are installed in the housing to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion.

There are two common types of housing: D-shaped (silhouette similar to an iron) and L-shaped. These tools can be used to cut thick and hard workpieces.

Every master who respects himself and his time has this device in his arsenal. The advantage is that access to the back of the workpiece is not required. The disadvantages include the impossibility of cutting out complex parts of small shapes.

Purpose of the jigsaw

The tool is designed for figure cutting of parts from thin sheet materials, be it wood, plywood, steel, non-ferrous metals or ceramics.

Only a jigsaw can make a curved cut of a complex part. That is why it is so popular among carpenters, furniture makers and model makers. In addition, it is an indispensable tool in the household. A jigsaw is mainly used for sawing wooden products. It makes it easy to embed a sink or electrical panel into a countertop.

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Methods for making a jigsaw

You will need materials and tools:

• engine;
• file;
• chipboard sheet;
• self-tapping screws;
• screws;
• table or workbench;
• clamps.

The most common are three methods of making this instrument. The first is very primitive: you need to attach an electric jigsaw to a flat surface, for example, to a sheet of chipboard, after first making a hole for the file.

The power tool should be secured to the chipboard using self-tapping screws or countersunk screws. It is very important to securely fix the jigsaw to the tabletop.

The finished device is attached to a table or workbench using clamps. This device is made quickly, in about an hour.

But this design is unsuitable for working outdoors or in the absence of a suitable table. Eliminating these shortcomings will lead you to the next model of a homemade electric jigsaw.

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The second method of making a jigsaw

Materials and tools:

• engine;
• box;
• jigsaw;
• additional guide for the file;
• table or workbench.

This option is quite simple. You need a box, a jigsaw, and an additional guide for the file. You can make a box 40 cm wide, 30-40 cm long and 30 cm high. The height of the table will depend on the height of the jigsaw handle. Next, the tool itself is inserted into the structure, and then you can work anywhere. For ease of storage in a small workshop, the box should be made collapsible. This will save some space.

The disadvantage of this design is the uneven cut. This is due to the fact that the blade is secured on only one side. In the process of cutting a thick workpiece, a long blade (up to 40 mm) periodically deviates along the vertical plane. This defect can be eliminated by fixing the saw blade.

You can fix the saw blade using an additional guide, at the end of which a hard plastic with a cut or a ball bearing is installed. In addition, with such a tool it is impossible to make cuts of complex shapes with high quality. This is a consequence of using a standard electric jigsaw blade. This minus is eliminated by improving the machine now.

If you are engaged in carving and make figures or parts from wood, plastic or similar material, you cannot do without a tool whose name is reminiscent of the distant Soviet past: a jigsaw.

Jigsaws are different from jigsaws; now on sale there are both “pioneer” elementary hand models and modern electric tools that only vaguely resemble the usual saws.

You can make a jigsaw yourself: technical literature and the Internet offer many diagrams and drawings of electric jigsaw machines.

Making such a device is not difficult, and you will get significant benefits from it. You will be able to independently produce the furniture you need and realize the most daring creative ideas for the interior.

An example of manufacturing a jigsaw machine.

A homemade jigsaw allows you to professionally make smooth parts of the most bizarre shapes. First, you need to decide on the design that is most suitable for you.

Technical description and components

The schematic diagram of any jigsaw machine is the same for different models.

It must contain the following parts:

• file;
• drive with a power of about 150 W;
• rocker for tensioning the file;
• working surface with graduation;
• drilling block, etc.

Consumables are fixed on the working surface. In advanced models, there are special devices for rotating movements of the part; in them, the working surface can change the angle of inclination.

The size of the surface will depend on your production and creative plans: the larger the part you are going to cut, the larger your production table should be. Traditional sizes are usually around 30 – 40 cm.

There are a wide variety of types of files. They depend primarily on the consumables. The dimensions of the parts for cutting also matter. Conventional saws for working with wood have a length of about 35–40 cm. They are able to saw parts made of wood or plastic with a thickness of no more than 100 mm.

The files also change with different types of materials; this mainly concerns their width: from 2 to 10 mm. Files can differ in the type of their tails - with or without pins. They are fixed in a special device for tensioning and even sawing. For this purpose, they have springs of a spring type.

Another important one: the crank assembly. Its function is difficult to overestimate: it is it that transmits movement from the drive to the saw, turning rotational motion into translational motion.

Assembly drawing of a jigsaw machine.

Due to this, the file begins to oscillate at a high frequency, the speed of such oscillations is on average about 800 - 1000 revolutions per minute. It is important to remember the amplitude of vertical vibrations; it should not exceed 50 mm.

In advanced modern jigsaw models, the speed varies depending on the type of consumable. Most desktop models operate in two speed modes. Most often these are 600 and 1000 rpm.

Model range of jigsaw machines

Most often, in the power of an electric drive, the range of values ​​is huge: from 90 to 500 W.

These devices are also divided into varieties based on their fundamental design:

• universal;
• on suspension;
• with graduation;
• with the caliper in the lower position;
• with double caliper.

Jigsaws with lower support

Diagram of machine design elements.

The most used and popular models are machines with lower support. Their feature is the division of the working bed into upper and lower parts.

If in the upper section there is only one device for sawing and cleaning, then in the lower section there are many working elements: an electric motor, a switch, a transmission unit and a control unit. This design makes it possible to saw sheets of materials of almost any size.

Double slide machines

A homemade jigsaw with a double support differs from the lower support by the presence in the upper section of a special additional bar and a work table with the ability to change the angle of inclination and overall height.

These models are designed to work with oversized parts. This machine is easier to make than the previous model. There are restrictions on the materials that can be worked with: their thickness should not exceed 80 mm.

Hanging machines

The name speaks for itself: the model is movable, it works without a stand. The fundamental point in this design is the movement of the cutting file, and not the consumables. The module itself is attached to the ceiling, the saw is driven manually.

All this provides serious advantages: in this way you can create the most complex patterns, the surface dimensions are not limited in any way.

Devices with graduation

The presence of stops and a degree scale make it possible to work according to technical drawings, without the slightest error.

Universal machines

Such devices are usually called jigsaws. Their feature is the ability to perform several operations such as grinding, polishing, sawing, etc.

How to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands?

We will not dwell on the manufacture of simple machines: you can easily find this kind of manuals with video support on the Internet. Let's talk about homemade jigsaw machines.

Do-it-yourself machine assembly.

Here is the sequence of work for their manufacture:

• We make the frame from plywood sheet or plastic.
  The main thing is that the thickness is at least 12 mm. The function of the bed is a foundation, a working surface and a place for fixing mechanisms and an electric motor.
• We place a special rocking chair with an eccentric on the opposite side.
  We connect them using a metal strip with bearings. All fastenings in the structure are screw.
• We install the intermediate shaft.
  To do this, you need to prepare two bearings, place the pulley on the shaft as tightly as possible, then carefully secure it with screws. Similar actions are performed with the eccentric.
• On a rocking chair, the range of motion should change.
  To do this, you need to change the mounting location of the screw, for which we drill exactly four threaded holes on the eccentric flange. The holes must be located at different distances from the axis. With a change in the mounting location of the screw, the amplitude of the rocker will change.
• We make a rocking chair: these are nothing more than wooden rocker arms, into whose rear ends the screws that you made in the previous paragraph are inserted, these are tension screws.
  The rocker arms themselves are attached to the rack with hinges. We fix a file to the front ends of the rocker arms. The previous and current stages must be performed with special attention and care. The fact is that attaching the file is a fundamentally important thing. Rocker arms with plates are subject to constant loads during movement due to their rigid connection with screws.
• The rocking chair requires a stand.
  It will be better if it is made from a whole piece of material. We make a groove for the first rocker arm on the top of the rack. At the lower end we place a special rectangular opening for the second rocker arm.

Yours. We wish you great ideas and their high-quality implementation.

In the previous article, we told you how you can make it yourself, that is, the cutting element is a thin, flexible file that is tensioned using a spring. This tool is very convenient for making figured cuts - all kinds of curves, radius saws. However, in a carpentry shop the main requirement is to cut straight lines at different angles. For such tasks, the above-mentioned machine will be inconvenient, so we bring to your attention a new design designed specifically for even and straight cuts.

Introduction

Classification

There are two main constructive approaches to solving this problem; they are divided by location in space:

• up;
• down.

The first option will be described by us a little later, since at the time of writing this article it is in development at the prototype and design stage, but the second option will be described in this article.

Purpose

This design is quite universal and has a wide range of applications from domestic (at home) to industrial use (carpentry workshops, furniture workshops, etc.). The versatility is determined by the fact that the machine is built on the base, which is a common hand-held power tool and is owned by almost every master, since it is compact and multifunctional. It can be used to make blanks from various types of materials:

• solid wood;
• plastics

and others.

Advantages

Compared to the standard method of use, this device allows you to achieve one, but very important parameter - evenness of the cut. You can saw off quickly and somehow quite simply by placing the workpiece on a horizontal surface, hanging the part to be sawn off, and sawing off. But there is no need to talk about the quality of the cut, no matter who the master is. Our design allows:

• make a simple, even cut (strictly in a straight line);
• trim the workpiece at a clearly defined angle - 90° and other arbitrarily specified angles;
• make a straight saw at an angle to the plane of the workpiece, when it is not perpendicular to the plane of the workpiece, but has a different, preset angle, for example 45°.

Basic design

The device is not complicated and consists of several basic elements:

• base;
• guide;
• swivel stop.

All structural parts are made of plywood or solid wood.

Here's a little background information that might come in handy.

Making tooling for straight sawing with a jigsaw

This section will describe step-by-step instructions for making the product. The whole process is divided into three stages of manufacturing structural elements:

• base;
• guide;
• swivel stop.

For production we will need the following materials:

• solid coniferous wood;
• various fasteners (mainly wood screws, furniture fittings, pins, etc.)

and the following tool will also be used:

• Milling machine;
• Circular saw or machine from;
• Drilling machine;
• Grinder();
• Jigsaw with ;
• Various hand tools.

Guide

To make a guide you need to take a board of the following sizes:

It must slide along the guide, so the features of the guide plate (in technical slang - “sole”) are very important.

We mark the guide blank.

Then you need to select a groove with a router, which will serve as a guide along which the jigsaw sole will move during the sawing process.

We make end stops. Then they need to be glued to limit the movement of the jigsaw along the guide, as shown in the photo.

We check the smooth movement of the jigsaw along the guide and if there are defects or burrs that impede the movement, remove them.

Next, you need to make cylindrical bushings to prevent the wood from jamming when clamped with fixing screws. The bushings can be made from an aluminum tube with a diameter of 10mm. We drill holes and press bushings into them. This completes the production of the guide.

Base

The base, by and large, is just a box, which is the basis for attaching the guide and the rotary stop, and most importantly, it raises the entire structure above the level () so that it does not get damaged.

The assembly of the box is simple and unpretentious - the top base is made of the same or solid wood and the sides are made of the same wood. So, we cut out the sides.

And we attach them to the base to form a box, as shown in the photo.

Next, screw M6 or M8 furniture fittings into the drilled holes in the base.

We screw the studs into them and install the guide.

We make a cut in the working groove, as shown in the photo.

We cut out an expanded groove to allow sawing at an angle. Please note that when sawing at an angle, you need a fairly long

We fasten the straight stop with screws, make a hole and install an M6 or M8 furniture fitting to attach the rotary stop. See photo below.

At this point, we consider the manufacture of the base complete.

Rotary stop

The design of the stop is simple and unpretentious; it is a guide with a semicircular element glued to it for fixation on the base.

Install the stop using a bolt of the appropriate diameter. The bolt head can be “fitted” into a comfortable handle so you don’t have to use a wrench every time. We also secure the guide using homemade nuts made from mortise wing nuts.

At this point we consider the sawing machine ready.

We hope that the material presented was useful to you.

Conclusion

We have made a universal device for direct cutting based on a household jigsaw, which should rightfully take its rightful place in your workshop among the tools.