Is it possible to insulate gas silicate from the inside? Insulation of a house made of gas silicate blocks. The choice of cellular concrete in housing construction. Materials, methods and systems of insulation. Why insulate walls outside?

A house made of gas silicate blocks is considered one of the best in terms of thermal insulation. This is mainly due to the structure of the material, which is almost 90% air. The rest is a mixture of sand, cement, limestone and water using a certain technology. It is not always necessary to insulate a house made of aerated concrete due to the characteristics of the material, however, in the central zone of our country quite severe winter frosts prevail.

They do not allow you to do without insulating a house made of gas silicate blocks. This is a natural process. How to insulate a house from gas silicate from the outside will be discussed further.

How can you insulate gas silicate?

Insulating a house made of gas silicate blocks involves using a wide variety of materials. Most often, however, two types are used - mineral wool and polystyrene foam. It's worth talking about the advantages and disadvantages of both technologies in more detail.

When insulating a house made of gas silicate blocks with your own hands using polystyrene foam, do not forget about the ease of installation of this material. It can be mounted with ease, and a wide variety of tools can be used to cut it. Some use a regular construction knife for these purposes, while others use a hacksaw.

It all depends on the desires and capabilities of the person. At the same time, foam plastic also has a lot of disadvantages that make this technology less in demand. The fact is that polystyrene foam has low air permeability. At the same time, the main material, namely gas silicate blocks, have a higher indicator of this characteristic.

As for mineral wool, it is more acceptable as insulation for a house made of gas silicate blocks. This is simply an ideal option, which is widely used today. Mineral wool perfectly allows air to pass through and keeps it warm. This material is a little more difficult to install, but the characteristics of the walls will always be at their best.

There are other materials that are widely used for these same purposes, but they are used much less frequently than those discussed above.

Tools and materials

So, now it’s worth talking about what you might need to insulate a house from gas silicate blocks with your own hands. Here you will need to acquire the following:

• thermal insulation material, in this case we will talk about mineral wool;
• dowels;
• glue;
• perforated corners;
• container for diluting glue;
• building level;
• fiberglass mesh;
• perforator;
• putty knife.

Basically, this should be enough to carry out the entire range of events.

Now you can proceed directly to insulating the house from gas silicate blocks. First you have to prepare carefully. The wall is cleaned of various dirt, dust, and all defects are eliminated. This is done in order to improve the adhesion of the mineral wool surface through the use of glue.

If there are large defects on the wall, then they also need to be eliminated. This is done through plaster and primer. Only thorough surface preparation will allow all work to be carried out to the highest possible quality. At the ground floor level, it is worth installing the frame.

It will serve as additional support for the insulation. Beacons should be placed at the corners of the house. Next comes the process of attaching the mineral wool to the wall. First you need to coat the surface itself and the cotton wool with glue. This will improve the properties of the materials to be fastened. During installation, it is imperative to avoid the formation of cross-shaped joints.

Do not forget about additional fastening of the material. For these purposes, special dowels are used. They are umbrellas. They should be placed around the perimeter of the mineral wool slab, and they can also be additionally fastened in the center.

It is worth noting the fact that mineral wool itself is a soft material that needs to be further strengthened.

It is for these purposes that fiberglass mesh is used. Glue is first applied to the surface of the insulation, and then the fiberglass mesh itself is installed. Another layer of glue is additionally applied on top of the mesh.

After the process of reinforcing the insulation is completed, it is imperative to additionally insulate the corners of the building, door and window openings. This is done extremely simply. For these purposes, the same perforated corners that were purchased earlier are used.

If you insulate a house from gas silicate blocks from the outside, you can achieve a very good effect in terms of saving on heating the room. This is not a complicated and not too expensive process that will help you save good money on heating.

Gas silicate blocks: what are they?

Gas silicate blocks are one of the new building materials for the construction of walls. It is characterized by high heat and sound insulation, lightness and large dimensions. They also have a low price. But many companies inflate prices both for them and for their laying, so always find out the prices from different sources, and, when hiring workers, the prices for laying gas silicate blocks. These allow you to quickly erect energy-efficient buildings, but they are not highly durable.

Why insulate a house from gas silicate blocks from the outside?

Many people ask the question: “Why insulate such a house if it will already be warm?” The goal is not only to increase heat saving, but also to provide special protection for gas silicate blocks, which will significantly extend the life of your home.

Gas silicate blocks have low resistance to moisture. They absorb it and, when frozen, can form microcracks, which reduce their effectiveness and strength. On average, this material is designed for 200 freezing cycles. During a winter with unstable weather, more than 20 such cycles can occur, which means that the walls will last you about 10 years. Insulating the outside using materials that absorb moisture helps to avoid these very processes, which will significantly extend the life of the house.

How to insulate a house made of gas silicate blocks from the outside?

Such buildings are best insulated in two layers. The first is an insulating material that can absorb moisture, and the second is an external one that can withstand atmospheric influences.

The best option is to use isover as an insulating material. Isover is a modernized glass wool, which consists of organic fibers, which, in turn, are capable of releasing and absorbing moisture in significant quantities. Its peculiarity is that moisture is retained quite strongly, so that nearby surfaces remain almost dry.

Foreman's advice: some suggest using foam plastic as insulation. This option is not bad, but it is not suitable for such buildings, since the foam plastic does not absorb moisture, but, on the contrary, can lead to its accumulation, which will only speed up the process of destruction of the blocks..

A wide variety of materials can serve as the second layer, all of which are suitable for outdoor use. These can be plastic panels, wood or special plates made from complex polymers. The choice always remains with the consumer. It all depends on desire and financial abilities.

One common option is the use of plastic panels. They have a relatively low cost and look beautiful. There are a large number of colors available, which allows you to decorate the outside of the house to suit the taste of any person.

Foreman's advice: You can save money on external cladding, but in no case should you save on isover, because the effect of insulation and protection of your walls will depend on it.

The insulation process occurs as follows:

1. Creating a frame outside the house - a frame is made to fix the insulation and plastic panels.
2. Strengthening the insulation in the frame - it is fixed so that it fits snugly against the wall of the house and has no cracks or gaps. Thus, the ingress of moisture onto the wall is almost completely eliminated and the amount of condensation that forms on the walls during temperature changes is minimized.
3. Sewing the frame with external material is carried out so that there are no holes or cracks, which provides additional protection and simply ensures a beautiful appearance.

Some materials for the top layer of insulation require additional finishing. Accordingly, you will need to choose the type of exterior finish to complete.

How much can insulating your home save?

If a house made of gas silicate blocks is 20-25% more economical than conventional houses, then a house whose walls are insulated from the outside gives savings of up to 40%.

Such a house with insulation will help you reduce heating costs by almost 2 times, which is a pretty good indicator today.

How much does it cost to insulate a house like this?

The cost of insulating a house will depend on the choice of materials. When choosing materials, it is worth comparing materials based on their effectiveness in terms of thermal insulation, comparing prices in various stores and on the Internet, because from different suppliers the price can vary up to 20%.

No matter how much it costs you to insulate your home, it's peanuts compared to how much this home improvement can save you.

The popularity of houses made of gas silicate blocks is explained by their high performance characteristics: low price, large volume of blocks and speed of construction. To increase the protective properties of gas silicate buildings, insulation and waterproofing from the outside are required. When finishing blocks with brick, insulating materials are laid between the gas silicate and brick layers. Let's consider how best to insulate a house from gas silicate from the outside, what thermal insulation materials and how.

External thermal insulation of the house

Gas silicate is a porous building material obtained from quartz sand, white lime, aluminum powder and water. The porous structure is formed due to the technology of foaming the material. Porosity is a parameter that makes it inert to external temperatures. Air layers trapped in the pores prevent cold air from entering the room.

A properly insulated house retains more than 50% of the heat lost if it is not insulated or the thermal insulation is laid in violation of the technology

In what cases is insulation necessary?

Gas silicate materials themselves have good thermal insulation properties. Considering this circumstance, the question arises: is it necessary to insulate a house made of gas silicate blocks? According to current standards, under certain conditions, this is an urgent need. Insulation will be needed when the walls are made of blocks no more than 300 mm thick. When the masonry thickness is 400 - 500 mm or more, thermal insulation is not required.

For blocks with a thickness of 300 mm or less, a thermal insulation layer will be required

One more circumstance should be taken into account. If installation is carried out using special glue, a tight fit of the blocks is ensured, in which the total area of ​​cold bridges is significantly reduced. If you use cement mortar instead of glue, the seams will be loose, letting heat out and cold into the middle of the building. Such buildings will require insulation. The need for thermal insulation also depends on the climate zone.

Specifics of insulating walls made of gas silicate

Insulation of a house made of gas silicate blocks is carried out from the outside. The blocks retain heat, are not afraid of temperature changes, but are characterized by high hygroscopicity. Therefore, the insulation must be protected from the negative effects of the external environment. External insulation saves indoor space.

Due to the shift of the dew point into the depth of the material, porous blocks do not freeze. If work is carried out in violation of technology, moisture that destroys the structure will settle on the walls. With proper installation of thermal insulation, you can significantly save on heating costs.

When choosing insulation technology, the following factors are taken into account:

• number of storeys of the future house;
• number of window openings and glazing method;
• general structure design and utilities.

An insufficiently or incorrectly insulated house made of gas silicate loses more than half of the heat.

What materials are used for thermal insulation

To insulate a house made of gas silicate blocks from the outside, different materials are used. Most often, mineral wool slabs, extruded polystyrene foam and plaster facade systems are used for these purposes. Polystyrene foam and rolled mineral wool are used less frequently. In the last few years, aesthetically pleasing thermal panels with excellent thermal insulation characteristics have gained popularity.

Thermal insulation with mineral wool

Vapor-permeable gas silicate is recommended to be insulated with materials that allow steam to pass through. Mineral wool meets this requirement; it will protect the walls, extend their service life and eliminate problems when installing internal thermal insulation. When using vapor-proof material, ventilation will be required. Insulation with mineral wool will also provide additional sound insulation and protect the walls from fire.

Basalt wool is a high-quality and reliable insulation obtained from rock

Thermal insulation work with mineral wool is carried out in several stages:

• installation of vertical sheathing on the facade;
• laying water vapor barrier;
• installation of mineral wool, after which the material needs some time to stand;
• laying the second layer of water vapor barrier;
• installation of reinforcing mesh;
• applying primer and plaster or other finishing materials;
• painting after the plaster layer has completely dried.

The gap between the insulation boards should not exceed 5 mm to prevent cracks from forming.

Mineral wool between layers of water vapor barrier

A level is used to level the slabs when laying the first row. The slabs are laid in the form of brickwork so that the seams do not overlap. To fix it on the wall, use the adhesive indicated on the package. Additionally, at the joints and in the middle of the slab, the insulation is fixed with dowels. Mineral wool absorbs moisture; installing a double-sided vapor barrier will protect against its penetration. The walls can be sheathed with siding on top of the insulation.

For external insulation of gas silicate houses with mineral wool, high-quality dense basalt wool is chosen, since the low density of the insulation will eventually lead to caking and sliding down. The guides should be located from each other at a distance that will be 1-1.5 cm less than the thickness of the slab. This is necessary so that the heat insulator tightly fills the frame. The vapor barrier film is laid with an overlap of 15-20 cm.

Basalt wool is a moisture-resistant insulation that can be used under siding

Expanded polystyrene is a white insulating material, 98% consisting of air filling the cells of foamed polystyrene. This is a good heat insulator at a minimal price. It is characterized by durability, fire safety, environmental friendliness and high energy saving rates. A polystyrene sheet 3 cm thick is equivalent to 5.5 cm of mineral wool.

This is what insulation with polystyrene foam boards looks like in section

When using polystyrene foam as insulation, additional vapor barrier is not required. Expanded polystyrene boards are not afraid of moisture and are attached using special glue. For additional fastening of the insulation, disc dowels are used. Plaster is applied over the foam or the façade is covered with siding.

Important! When using construction foam, one should take into account its low mechanical strength. Foam boards cannot withstand heavy loads.

The seams between the plates are sealed with polyurethane foam. Covering with siding or plastering with facade putty will protect not only polystyrene foam from damage, but also polyurethane foam from direct exposure to sunlight.

Extruded polystyrene foam has advantages over conventional polystyrene foam, as it is of higher quality and more reliable.

Thermal insulation work is carried out in the following sequence:

• Using glue, the slabs are mounted on blocks and left for a day;
• dowels are driven into the corners and middle of the sheets;
• a reinforcing mesh is attached over the sheets;
• the surface is plastered and then painted or covered with siding.

To ensure that the masonry is level, use a level. For better adhesion to the adhesive, the slabs are lightly pressed against the wall. There is no need for gaps between the slabs; matching seams of each row is not necessary. High-quality reinforcement begins with strengthening the corners of the building, then the entire surface is strengthened from top to bottom.

Note! The thickness of expanded polystyrene for insulating gas silicate blocks is calculated taking into account the climate zone.

Insulation using thermal panels

Thermal panels are a system consisting of insulation, facing tiles and moisture-resistant boards. The insulation can be polystyrene foam or mineral wool, a moisture-resistant board is a structural layer, and facing tiles replace putty and painting at the final stage. The use of thermal panels simplifies the process.

A house insulated with thermal panels does not require additional cladding

How to insulate a gas silicate house from the outside with thermal panels?

• Installation is carried out on a pre-prepared sheathing made of profiles or timber, thanks to which a ventilation gap is formed. The metal lathing is made of galvanized steel. The design consists of U-shaped profiles, hangers and L-shaped strips. To attach the sheathing to the wall you will need a hammer drill, a screwdriver, an angle grinder, a level, self-tapping screws and dowels.
• Upon completion of installation, insulation is laid, then thermal panels are screwed to the profiles.

This method of insulation is simple and does not take much time. Thermal panels reliably protect gas silicate walls from mechanical damage, cold and moisture. They are made with decorative finishing like brick, porcelain stoneware or natural stone.

Video: proper insulation of a house made of gas silicate

If you are planning to build a house from gas silicate blocks, remember that if the material thickness is 300 mm or less, thermal insulation will be required. Insulation work, subject to the recommendations of specialists, can be done independently. This will take more time and effort, but you will gain invaluable experience. If you don’t have the time and desire to master the basics of a new profession, turn to professionals.

Preface. How to properly insulate a house made of gas silicate, how to insulate a house made of gas silicate from the inside - these are the questions that owners of country houses made of gas silicate blocks ask. In this article we will look at the technology of insulating a gas silicate block, show a video of the best way to insulate a house from gas silicate from the outside and a master class on insulating a country house with thermal panels.

Insulation of the facade of a house made of gas silicate blocks- this is a reliable preservation of warmth, coziness and comfort of a country house, but is it necessary to insulate a house made of cellular concrete? According to their intended purpose, cellular concrete is divided into structural, structural and thermal insulating and thermal insulating. According to the production method, concrete is divided into foam concrete, aerated concrete and gas-foam concrete. The cellular structure in blocks is formed using gas, in foam concrete using foam.

Read about the performance characteristics and properties of gas silicate in GOST 25820-83 Lightweight concrete, GOST 25820-2000 Technical conditions. If during construction you choose cellular concrete, then the calculation of the wall thickness is done on the basis of SNiP II-3-79 from 2005 “Building Heat Engineering” and SNiP 23-01-99 from 2003 “Building Climatology”. According to these SNiPs, based on modern standards for central Russia, the thickness of walls made of cellular blocks should be from 640 to 1070 mm.

Manufacturers of gas silicate blocks assure buyers that a wall thickness of 300 - 400 mm is sufficient for a residential building. But whether manufacturers took into account heat loss through “cold bridges” (window lintels, mortar between blocks and reinforced mesh) in their calculations is another question. It is better to calculate and decide for yourself, with the help of designers, what thickness to make walls from blocks based on frost resistance and density of the blocks, how to insulate a house made of aerated concrete in order to maintain coziness and comfort in the house.

What is the best way to insulate a house using gas silicate from the outside?

Gas silicate blocks are widely used in private, low-rise construction. Gas silicate itself is a good heat insulator, but due to cold bridges, absorption of moisture from blocks, and masonry joints, it is additionally necessary to insulate buildings made of gas silicate. This makes the question very relevant: how to independently insulate a house made of gas silicate blocks, what materials to use in the work?

Materials for insulating a gas silicate house outside can be different. Traditional thermal insulation materials are widely used today: mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, polystyrene foam and “thermal insulating” plaster mixtures. In Russia, they also began to use thermal panels (thermal siding, thermal siding) for thermal protection of walls, which combine high thermal insulation and excellent appearance.

Aerated concrete facades can be insulated like any other facade from the outside and inside. We wrote earlier about insulating the facade of a house under siding with polystyrene foam and insulating the facade of a house under plaster with mineral wool. It is better not to insulate a wall made of aerated concrete from the inside with polystyrene foam, since in this case the blocks are not protected from freezing and moisture.

We insulate the gas silicate block with expanded polystyrene and mineral wool

At insulation of a house made of gas silicate blocks with polystyrene foam Do-it-yourself exterior does not require additional vapor barrier. Expanded polystyrene boards are not afraid of moisture and are durable. The insulation is attached to the facade with glue, then additionally secured with disc-shaped dowels. You can apply plaster on top or make a facade of vinyl or metal siding.

To insulate a house made of gas silicate block with mineral wool from the outside yourself, you should first make a vertical sheathing on the facade, lay mineral wool between the bars. Since mineral wool absorbs moisture, it must be protected with a vapor barrier on both sides. Siding can be fixed on top of the insulation or the facade can be plastered for painting.

How to insulate a house made of a gas silicate block with thermal panels

Thermal panels will cope with protecting the exterior walls of your home from humidity and mechanical damage. Thermal panels are produced with finishing made of natural stone, porcelain stoneware, clinker and ceramic tiles. There is an opinion among builders that it is better not to insulate gas silicate with thermal panels from the street, as this prevents the blocks from “breathing” and ventilating.

Practice shows that a ventilated facade, ventilation holes in the basement of the building and under the roof canopy allow the wall to breathe normally without accumulating moisture. Insulating gas silicate walls from the outside with thermal panels has a number of advantages: durability, environmental friendliness, resistance to mechanical damage, ease and speed of installation.

To begin with, a lathing made of galvanized profiles or timber is attached to gas silicate walls. Thermal panels are already attached to the sheathing. Expensive work of professional installers is not required. To install thermal panels on the sheathing, you will need a grinder, a jigsaw, a hammer drill, a screwdriver, a building level, a spray foam gun, and a little patience.

Video. Insulation of a house made of gas silicate block with thermal panels

To insulate a house made of gas silicate blocks from the street with thermal panels, we attach a sheathing to the gas silicate house so that there is a ventilated space between the thermal panels and the facade of the house. On the bottom of the wall, mark a horizontal line using a level. We install the starting strip along the line and fasten it with self-tapping screws, using a hammer drill and a screwdriver.

We install hangers above the starting bar. We install U-shaped profile strips (60 mm x 27 mm) into these hangers. We fasten the guide strips with four self-tapping screws. In this way, we sheathe guides around the entire perimeter of the house wall. We install two planks in the corners of the house and on the slopes. This is necessary for fastening corner elements and adjacent thermal panels on slopes.

Along the initial finishing at the bottom of the base, at the level of the starting strip, using a level, we install the ebb. We install mineral wool between the profiles; you can also use polystyrene foam boards. We attach thermal panels to the vertical profiles with self-tapping screws. We seal all mounting gaps at the corners with foam. The seams between the thermal panels are carefully sealed with grout.

pro-insulation.rf

Reasons for insulation

As you know, gas silicate is a porous material, which makes it warm. The thermal conductivity coefficient of cellular concrete (gas silicate) depends on the brand of this product (more details in the table), but in general the thermal conductivity of gas silicate blocks is very low and therefore, in theory, it does not require insulation. But it's not that simple.

Due to their structure, the blocks are very easily saturated with water. This leads to microcracks appearing. As a result, the lifespan and effectiveness of the material is significantly reduced. Insulating a house using gas silicate blocks from the outside solves this problem. External insulation also saves usable space inside the house.

Insulation methods

So, how to insulate a house made of gas silicate blocks? There are several ways:

• "Wet façade"

In this case, the insulation is glued to the walls of the house. This method is quite easy to perform even for those who have little experience in construction.

• "Ventilated facade".

This method involves a ventilated system and is more difficult to implement than the previous method.

Materials

How to insulate a house made of gas silicate blocks? There are several materials that are used as insulation for gas silicate blocks:

• Styrofoam;
• mineral wool;
• thermal panels.

Let's talk more about these materials.

Styrofoam

Foam plastic is one of the most common materials for insulating facades. Gas silicate walls are no exception. Despite its energy saving, it is also environmentally friendly and fireproof. Those who decide to insulate with foam plastic also note that it is quite cheap and easy to install.

What kind of foam should you use for such work? It all depends on your material well-being, but a fairly experienced specialist will say that it is better to make a layer of foam plastic 100 mm thick.

An experienced specialist will say that it is better to make a layer of foam plastic 100 mm thick.

Since the method of insulation for polystyrene foam is a “wet facade,” the wall surface should be cleaned of debris and primed with a deep penetration primer. Experts advise repeating the priming procedure about five times.

Re-priming should only be done when the previous layer has dried.

The next step is to paste the foam directly onto the gas silicate blocks. For this, a dry glue mixture is used. In the instructions on the packaging of this substance you can find all the necessary details for working with the glue.

Typically, country houses use gas silicate blocks of the D200 brand, so do not skimp on foam glue and apply it to the entire surface. Thus, the thermal insulation will fit tightly to the wall, which will have a beneficial effect on the insulation.

Foam sheets should be attached from the bottom up and only when the bottom sheet is already firmly glued. Why? This will help prevent the sheet from slipping, breaking the level. For additional strength, you can install an L-shaped profile below, leveled.

In addition, foam plastic slabs should be fastened in the same way as brick laying is done, that is, with a shift of half a sheet. This will also increase the strength of the structure.

The gaps between the plates should be covered with glue or blown out with foam. You can also do it a little differently. As mentioned above, it is recommended to make a layer of foam 100 mm. However, to achieve this, it is not necessary to buy slabs of such thickness. 50 mm slabs will be sufficient, but glued in two layers so that the joints do not coincide. This will help you to worry less about blowing in seams and the insulation of gas silicate will be of better quality. The downside is that this method will require a little more money.

When the glue has dried and set well, the foam is additionally fixed with plastic umbrella dowels. After this, a layer of glue is applied, into which the reinforcing mesh is embedded, and then, after it dries, another layer of glue is applied.

The finishing touch is the application of plaster and painting or decorative plaster. It all depends on your taste.

Mineral wool

Gas silicate is a vapor-tight material, therefore mineral wool, whose vapor permeability is a well-known fact, is suitable for insulation. It also does not burn and has soundproofing properties.

But there are also disadvantages. For example, cotton wool absorbs water and if there is any serious damage to the plaster layer or a crack, it loses its thermal insulation. Therefore, not all experts agree on whether it is possible to insulate facades with it.

We cannot say directly whether it is possible or not to insulate your house in this way, but in any case, if you nevertheless decide to choose mineral wool as insulation, its algorithm of actions is similar to that of attaching polystyrene foam.

To begin with, it is worth clearing the walls of debris and dust by priming the surface of the walls made of a gas silicate block. And in this case, you shouldn’t limit yourself to just one time. It's better to repeat several times.

Installation of wool slabs is carried out in the same way as for foam plastic. The first row is leveled and attached to the wall using glue and dowels, which are fixed at the joints and in the middle of the slab. The next row is also installed with a half-slab shift so that the seams do not coincide.

After installation, you should give the insulation time to stand and dry, and only then can you continue work.

The next step is application to mineral wool. A mesh is attached to this glue, which is slightly recessed. You also need to overlap 1 cm at the joints of the mesh. After the glue has dried, apply another layer.

The final stage is, of course, plaster. At the same time, the house “breathes”, since the plaster allows steam to pass through. However, as already mentioned, be careful, since damage to the plaster layer will have a bad effect on the thermal insulation.

uteplix.com

Materials for thermal insulation of gas silicate

For external insulation, mineral wool slabs or mats, polystyrene foam slabs, polyurethane foam in slabs or foam are most often offered. In order to make the right choice, it is worth comparing the technical characteristics of gas silicate and the named insulation materials.

One of the positive qualities of gas silicate is vapor permeability, that is, the ability to let water vapor pass through. To maintain this property, it is necessary that the vapor permeability of the insulation be no less than that of masonry blocks. Let's compare vapor permeability in mg/m h Pa:

• gas silicate - 0.14 - 0.23;
• mineral wool slabs and mats - 0.3 - 0.6;
• polystyrene - 0.013 - 0.05;
• polyurethane foam - 0.0 - 0.05.

When comparing, we see that vapor permeability is higher than that of gas silicate, only for mineral wool. This does not mean that other heat insulators cannot be used to insulate aerated block walls - just in this case, a forced ventilation system will be required, which means additional costs.

Two common methods of external thermal insulation

Builders most often offer one of two insulation methods: a plaster system, also called the “wet method,” and a ventilated facade, also known as a dry insulation method.

Wet facade

The plaster insulation system looks like this:

• outer wall;
• insulation;
• adhesive mixture with embedded reinforcing alkali-resistant plastic mesh;
• facade finishing.

The method is good for independent implementation, since it does not require the construction of a frame and high qualifications of the performer, however, such insulation can only be carried out at positive air temperatures.

Ventilated facade

A ventilated facade is considered more reliable among professionals and provides more opportunities for home decoration. The insulation scheme looks like this:

• outer wall;
• supporting frame;
• insulation;
• wind and moisture protective membrane;
• ventilated gap of at least 40 mm;
• curtain façade.

To perform thermal insulation using this method, it will be necessary to build a frame with precise alignment of the facade surface, otherwise unevenness will be visible on the facade.

A ventilated façade provides more opportunities for exterior finishing; work can be performed at temperatures as low as minus 7°C, but the contractor must have skills in using construction tools.

Choosing a thermal insulation system, what is the best way to insulate gas silicate?

Both methods are suitable for insulating a house made of gas silicate blocks, with one small caveat: if the house is built from high-quality certified blocks.

If you use low-grade handicraft material with low mechanical strength, the supporting frame will be impossible to fix on the wall: the gas silicate will simply crumble when screwing in the dowel screws.

Thermal insulation with mineral wool

For thermal insulation of gas silicate walls using the wet method, slabs with a density of at least 150 kg/m3 are used. To determine the thickness of the heat insulator, a thermal engineering calculation of the external enclosing structures is carried out. For the Moscow region, a wall 400 mm thick needs to be insulated with a layer of 80 mm mineral wool board.

Materials required for work:

• adhesive composition from dry construction mixtures (CCM);
• a plinth with a shelf width equal to the thickness of the mineral wool board layer along the perimeter of the house;
• insulation - basalt slabs;
• alkali-resistant plastic mesh over the area of ​​the facades plus an additional layer to a height of 2 m;
• protective corner mesh or an additional amount of mesh for a width of 600 mm along the height of each wall corner;
• plastic corners to protect the internal corners of openings;
• plaster composition and vapor-permeable acrylic paint for finishing;
• dowel-screws with a metal core and a thermally insulated head (fungi) at the rate of 5–6 pcs./m2.

Warming is carried out in several stages:

1. Preparation of the base - the walls are cleaned of dust, dirt, oil or solvent stains, and excess mortar.
2. Installing a base strip to support the bottom plate and protect the insulation from rodents. The plank is attached so that the shelf is 2 cm below the junction of the wall and the foundation.
3. An adhesive composition from SSS is applied to the back surface of the insulating board along the perimeter with an indentation of 1.5...2 cm from the edge and 2...3 marks in the center. The adhesive composition should not get on the end of the insulation - this forms a cold bridge. The slab is installed in place in the lower left corner of the facade. The operation is repeated over the entire surface of the walls, from bottom to top, placing vertical seams between the slabs at intervals of 300 mm.
4. Glue strips of thermal insulation to the ends of the openings of windows and doors.
5. A day later, the slabs are doweled, placing dowel screws in the corners and in the center of each slab, sinking the dowel head flush with the surface of the insulation. The overlaps of the slabs at the corners are cut off, the seams more than 3 mm wide between the slabs are filled with scraps of insulation.
6. Glue a protective mesh - apply a 3-4 mm layer of adhesive to the surface of the basalt slab, apply a piece of mesh and use a spatula to embed it into the adhesive. Special corner mesh elements or an additional layer of protective mesh are glued to the corners of the house. All façade corners of the openings are reinforced with pieces of 5x10 cm mesh, and special plastic corners are glued to the inner corners of the openings. An additional layer of protective mesh is glued to a height of 2 m.
7. After the adhesive has completely dried for 97 days or according to the manufacturer’s instructions, the surface is primed with an adhesive primer and the finishing is performed.

Thermal insulation with polystyrene foam

To insulate walls with polystyrene foam using the ventilation façade system, you will need the following materials:

• adhesive composition from SSS;
• insulation - extruded polystyrene foam;
• dowel screws;
• base strip;
• lumber for constructing a load-bearing frame and counter-lattice;
• superdiffusion membrane;
• material for the curtain wall - siding, plank, lining.

Before starting work, decide on the direction of the decorative material strips - the supporting frame will be perpendicular to the direction of the cladding strips. To simplify the work, it is advisable to draw the facade, mark the position of the sheathing beam on it - the planks are attached in increments of 600-5 mm, at the corners and edges of the openings of windows and doors.

Carrying out the work in stages:

1. Facade preparation is similar to the wet method.
2. Installation of the plinth strip.
3. Fastening the sheathing beams to dowel screws.
4. Installation of polystyrene foam boards with glue.
5. A day later - doweling.
6. Installation of a superdiffusion membrane - the panels are fastened with an overlap of 10...15 cm using vapor-permeable double-sided tape.
7. Construction of a counter-lattice made of timber with a cross-section of 40x40 mm.
8. Installation of a curtain façade.

Thermal insulation with thermal panels

Thermal panels are a composite material that combines a structural (load-bearing) layer, a layer of insulation (expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam or mineral wool board) and a finishing layer of ceramic or other facing tiles.

The use of this material speeds up the work and is not associated with seasonal restrictions, but due to the large weight of the panels it requires a supporting frame made of metal profiles.

The most commonly used profiles are galvanized roofing steel for fastening drywall. To perform thermal insulation you will need:

• drill;
• dowel screws;
• insulation;
• metallic profile;
• base strip.

The work algorithm repeats the technology of the ventilation facade system with the difference that the frame is not made of timber, but of metal:

1. Prepare the façade surface.
2. Mount the plinth strip.
3. A supporting frame is built from hangers and profiles attached to them.
4. The insulation is mounted on the glue, and after a day it is secured with dowels.
5. Thermal panels are installed.

Internal thermal insulation of the house

Gas silicate walls can also be insulated from the inside of the house, however, such insulation will eat up 10 cm of usable area along each wall, and then require forced ventilation to normalize the microclimate.

Mineral wool slabs or expanded polystyrene can be used as a heat insulator; insulation can be done either wet or dry. As a finishing material, plasterboard, chipboard or OSB is used.

Gas silicate blocks are an excellent masonry material, however, they should be purchased from trusted manufacturers, with a certificate of conformity, so as not to waste money on low-quality handicraft material.

When carrying out work, you should remember that this material has low mechanical and impact strength; the use of a percussion tool is unacceptable.

Since the blocks have high moisture absorption, it is advisable to hydrophobize them with a special primer before gluing the insulation.

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Why is it important to insulate aerated concrete?

Since cellular concrete has such excellent thermal conductivity, the question arises: “Is it necessary to insulate a house made of aerated concrete?” Let's look for the answer together.

Due to its high porosity, aerated concrete has high water absorption. And although moisture does not penetrate deep into the blocks, their outer layer is exposed to moisture and may collapse over time.

On a note! Aerated concrete dries quickly, and the absorbed moisture does not destroy it from the inside when the outside air temperature drops, due to the fact that it is evenly distributed throughout the internal dry pores.

However, this is a matter of time, so the façade of an aerated concrete house must be reliably protected from moisture in order to extend the service life of the building. In addition, in construction regions with harsh winters, aerated concrete walls will have to be insulated in order to reduce their thickness, and therefore the cost of construction as a whole. Is it necessary to insulate a house made of aerated concrete 400? The answer is unequivocal - yes.

Insulating aerated concrete improves its thermal insulation qualities and increases its service life. Most modern insulation materials have soundproofing properties, which increases living comfort.

Important! The material for insulating aerated concrete blocks must be vapor permeable. If you use, for example, expanded polystyrene, then the inside must be sealed to prevent steam from penetrating into the thickness of the walls.

Insulation method

If everything is clear about the need to insulate aerated concrete, then the question arises which insulation option to choose - from the inside or the outside.

With internal insulation, the useful area of ​​the room occupied by the insulation is lost. In such a room it will be necessary to provide a high-quality ventilation system, which will entail additional financial costs. The main disadvantage of such insulation of aerated concrete walls is the high probability of mold and mildew formation in the structure of the insulating material.

A positive quality of this method of insulation is that the work does not require the use of scaffolding. A more practical, and in most cases used, method is external insulation of a house using aerated concrete.

Among the positive qualities of external insulation of a residential building, the following can be noted:

1. The energy efficiency of the building is significantly increased by saving heating costs;
2. The sound insulation qualities of external walls are improved, which increases the comfort of living in the house;
3. The decorative appearance of the facades of the house increases;
4. Thanks to the protection of the load-bearing structures of the house from environmental influences, the service life of the entire structure is significantly increased;
5. External insulation of an aerated concrete house can be done during the construction of a new or long-built house;

Important! Insulating the outside of the house using aerated concrete prevents freezing of the walls and the formation of condensation on the inside.

Types of materials for insulating aerated concrete walls

How to insulate a house made of aerated concrete? There are several types of insulation materials that can be used to insulate walls made of aerated concrete blocks. They differ in cost and installation method.

Aerated concrete walls can be insulated:

1. Foam plastic;
2. Penoplex;
3. Mineral wool;
4. Polyurethane foam;
5. Vermiculite.

Important! When choosing the best way to insulate a house made of aerated concrete, it is necessary to take into account that the insulation must be light in weight so that it can stay on the surface of the wall and not put serious loads on it.

Each of them should be considered in more detail.

Styrofoam

Polystyrene foam is a controversial material for aerated concrete, but, nevertheless, it is often used. It is lightweight, easy to process and install.

The price for this material is lower than for other types of insulation. The work of insulating the facade with this material can be done with your own hands, without having any special construction skills.

Aerated concrete is a type of cellular concrete. Its interior consists of many voids that are filled with gas bubbles. They are formed at the time of production of these blocks. Its technical properties will depend on how the pores are distributed in concrete.

Currently, many buildings - residential and industrial - are built from aerated concrete. Therefore, the question often arises as to whether it is possible to insulate a house made of aerated concrete with polystyrene foam.

• If we talk about houses built of brick or panels, then polystyrene foam will definitely work well. But in houses made of cellular aerated concrete, due to their insulation with foam plastic, problems may arise.
• Proper insulation of a house made of aerated concrete should be carried out according to the principle of multi-layering. On the inside of the room there is a layer of materials that have high heat conductivity and high heat capacity, which prevents steam from penetrating inside.
• This means that the interior of the building must consist of materials that have a thermal capacity, are dull, and cold. And outside they install materials that already have thermal qualities that allow steam to pass through, and also have a small thermal inertia.
• So, all the moisture will come out, and the outer part of the building will dry quietly. Polystyrene foam does not have permeability, so moisture will constantly accumulate in it.

On a note! If the walls are made of aerated concrete, then the moisture in the structure will cause it to become looser and less stable. It will not be able to resist the heat.

As a result, insulating a building made of aerated concrete blocks with polystyrene foam will lead to a change in the dew point, it will go inside. Therefore, condensation may form on the interior walls of the house. Further, mold will form in these places and fungus will appear.

Of course, a person will encounter such problems not immediately after construction, but after some time. This means that it is undesirable to insulate buildings made of aerated concrete with polystyrene foam; mineral wool or vermiculite boards, which are also an excellent fire-retardant material, are better suited.

Note! Of course, in areas where there is a constant humid climate, under no circumstances should aerated concrete structures be insulated with polystyrene foam. This will cause the blocks to rot.

• But in drier regions, in practice, insulating a house made of aerated concrete with polystyrene foam is quite possible. Only for this purpose, the walls are first carefully prepared.
• Then the work is carried out indoors, and the next stage is external insulation. After which finishing of all insulated areas is completed. If aerated concrete blocks are cracked in some places, they must be immediately glued or covered with cement mortar.
• Aerated concrete is an excellent material for construction. A residential building built from it will be durable and warm. But aerated concrete must be insulated so that the building retains its reliability for many years.

When used as internal insulation of walls, polystyrene foam can save heat in a house quite well, and at a relatively low cost.

But insulating aerated concrete walls with it has many disadvantages:

1. The area in the room becomes smaller;
2. It will be necessary to make a good ventilation system so that condensation does not collect on the walls;
3. Polystyrene foam is a flammable material, and it releases toxins;
4. If we compare polystyrene foam with other insulation materials, its thickness is much greater;
5. Polystyrene foam cannot be called a durable material;
6. You will have to put in a lot of effort and incur costs.

Externally, insulating a house with foam plastic has some advantages:

1. The facade of a house made of aerated concrete becomes attractive;
2. Keeps the room warm;
3. The material is light in weight and does not put a load on the wall and foundation;
4. Has soundproofing qualities;
5. The degree of sound insulation becomes better;
6. It is moisture resistant;
7. Foam plastic is resistant to biological influences;
8. There are no temperature differences inside the building.

Polystyrene foam is produced and sold in the form of slabs of tightly compressed foam balls.

Installation of such insulation is carried out in the following sequence:

1. First, prepare the base and, if necessary, level the aerated concrete wall. But basically, leveling may only be necessary if the walls were built from non-autoclaved blocks;

1. The surface is cleaned and primed;
2. Fix the guide profile;

1. The insulation is fixed to the wall using special glue or foam;

Important! The adhesive is applied to the slab and then applied to the wall.

1. After the glue has dried, the foam boards are additionally fixed with plastic dowels;

1. Then it is necessary to carry out decorative finishing of the facade. A primer is applied to the foam walls and a fiberglass mesh is fixed;

1. To form even corners, perforated profiles are fixed on them;

1. Then, the surface of the walls is covered with reinforcing glue;
2. After this, the foam wall can be plastered or finishing with other finishing material. Usually this is warm or decorative plaster.

Important! Due to its moisture resistance, foam plastic reliably protects the wall surface from the effects of precipitation.

Penoplex

In the manufacture of extruded polystyrene foam (penoplex), high temperature and pressure are used.

The positive qualities of this material include the following:

1. Penoplex is produced in the form of slabs that are thinner than polystyrene foam;
2. Has vapor barrier properties;
3. It is a non-flammable material and does not contribute to the spread of fire, which is an important quality when using it for residential buildings.

Among the disadvantages, one can note the high cost. How to insulate an aerated concrete house with penoplex? Installation of this insulation on walls is carried out in the same way as polystyrene foam.

Mineral wool

This is a traditional insulation material. Available in the form of slabs and rolls.

Among the positive qualities of such material, the following can be noted:

1. Mineral wool is a fire-resistant material and melts when ignited;
2. Made from environmentally friendly materials, therefore it does not pose a risk to human health;
3. Possesses vapor permeability;
4. Has soundproofing properties;
5. Has a long service life;
6. Mineral wool is resistant to rot and microorganisms.

Important! Mineral wool must be properly waterproofed, as it allows moisture to pass through, which promotes the formation of condensation. When finishing a facade insulated with mineral wool, you cannot use acrylic plaster, which promotes the formation of condensation.

Sequence of work

Insulation of a house made of aerated concrete from the outside with mineral wool is carried out in the following sequence:

1. The aerated concrete wall is cleaned of dirt and irregularities and seams are sealed using cement mortar;

Important! To improve the thermal insulation qualities of aerated concrete walls, it is recommended to use a special masonry adhesive when laying them, which allows the formation of thin seams between the blocks.

1. In case of significant damage, to eliminate it, it is recommended to use vapor-permeable plaster, which is applied to a previously primed wall;
2. Mineral wool is produced in the form of rectangular mats, so to fix them, a frame structure is installed in the base area;
3. It is necessary to place beacons in the corners of the house;
4. The insulation is fastened with a special glue, which is applied to the slab along its perimeter and to the central part. To apply glue over the entire surface of the slab, you can use a metal spatula with teeth;

1. To avoid displacement of rows of slabs, it is necessary to avoid the formation of cross-shaped joints when laying them;
2. For additional fixation of the insulation, it is necessary to use plastic umbrella dowels, which are located in the corners of the slab and in the center;

Important! The joints of the plates should not have gaps, which will be “cold bridges” and significantly worsen the thermal insulation properties of the material.

1. Many people believe that mineral wool insulation does not have sufficient rigidity and is only suitable for insulating ventilated facades. However, mineral wool, like aerated concrete itself, has different rigidity categories. For example, the density of PZh-175 slabs is much higher than that of the same foam, and they also serve as an excellent base for plaster;

1. An adhesive solution is applied to the insulation using a spatula, then a mesh is laid and covered with another adhesive layer;
2. The corners of walls, window and door openings are strengthened with perforated corners;
3. Finished walls can be plastered, previously primed, or covered with putty and painted.

Polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is the most suitable material for insulating aerated concrete walls. It is applied to the base using special equipment that sprays the material under pressure.

The positive qualities of this material include the following:

1. Due to the fact that the material is sprayed onto the wall surface, there is no need to store insulation and organize its storage;
2. Polyurethane foam can be applied to uneven walls, as it effectively fills depressions and cracks, forming a durable monolithic seamless coating;
3. Thanks to spraying, such insulation covers even hard-to-reach places;
4. Polyurethane foam has good adhesion;
5. Facade insulation work is completed faster, since there is no need to construct a frame.

Attention! But if you choose this method of insulation, then, as in the case of polystyrene foam and extruded polystyrene foam, you need to make sure that the interior decoration can prevent steam from penetrating into the walls. This could be: cement plaster, vinyl wallpaper, ceramic tiles, alkyd paints,

How to insulate a house made of aerated concrete using different methods of attaching insulation will be described below.

Methods for attaching insulation to the wall

There are several ways to attach insulation to a wall made of aerated concrete blocks:

1. When installing a curtain façade, a frame made of a metal profile or wood is fixed to the wall surface in increments equal to the width of the insulation. Thermal insulation material is laid in the spaces between the guides;

1. The “Wet Facade” technology is carried out in such a way that the material is fastened using glue and plastic dowels, followed by plastering the wall twice over the reinforcing mesh;

1. There is another way to insulate and cladding the facade of an aerated concrete house, when the insulating material is attached to hooks. Then the wall is reinforced with mesh and plastered. When the plaster is completely dry, the facade is faced with natural stone or brick.

The video in this article, which gives instructions on how to insulate a house made of aerated concrete, will help you decide on the choice of insulation. High-quality insulation of a house made of aerated concrete blocks improves the quality of living in it, increases energy efficiency and allows you to save money on heating.

How to insulate a house made of aerated concrete, what thermal insulation material to choose? These questions concern many who decide to build a house from cellular materials. Since the distinctive property of aerated concrete is vapor permeability, this property must be preserved.

For thermal insulation materials, this coefficient should be slightly lower than that of the material from which the walls are built. If this parameter is higher, there is a possibility of moisture accumulation.

Is it possible to use foam plastic, a material that is very popular, for insulation? How to properly insulate gas silicate walls of a house?

Properties of foam plastic

Like aerated concrete, polystyrene foam has positive and negative qualities

Advantages of the material

• Polyfoam is environmentally friendly and does not emit toxic substances.
• Durable, does not decompose.
• Low thermal conductivity.
• High vapor barrier properties.
• Fireproof, fire-resistant, self-extinguishing.
• Low specific gravity, does not weigh down the structure.
• Relatively inexpensive material.

Properties of foam plastic - thermal conductivity, long service life and relatively good vapor permeability

Disadvantages of the material

• Fragility, foam crumbles easily.
• Destroys upon contact with nitro paints, enamels, varnishes.
• Does not allow air to pass through.
• The material can be damaged by rodents and therefore needs protection.

When choosing foam plastic as aerated concrete insulation on the outside, it is necessary to take into account all its qualities. The vapor permeability coefficient of the material is lower than that of aerated concrete blocks. This problem can be solved by providing additional ventilation.

Insulating walls made of aerated concrete with polystyrene foam will increase the degree of sound insulation, eliminate temperature changes in the house, and reduce heating costs

Sequence of work on installing foam plastic from the outside

To insulate the facade of a building, you must adhere to the following sequence

1. Surface preparation. The aerated concrete surface must be cleaned of dirt, glue, and dents and other irregularities must be leveled;
2. External application of primer for porous materials;
3. It is recommended to reinforce the perimeter of the windows with fiberglass mesh. Its size should be such that 10 cm extends under the insulation;
4. Gluing foam boards. A special one is used for this. Using a notched trowel, the adhesive is evenly distributed over a small area of ​​the wall outside the house or onto a sheet of insulation. The foam is pressed against the wall with light movements. All joints are treated with glue;
5. For additional external fastening, long plastic dowels with a cap are used - an umbrella in the middle of the sheet and at its corners;
6. The sheets will be glued correctly with an offset, just like when laying blocks;
7. Applying the first layer of plaster on the foam plastic, followed by gluing the reinforcing mesh. The joints of the mesh must be overlapped, so cracks will not form subsequently;
8. Applying a second layer of plaster;
9. Painting the facade.

Key points when working

In construction there is such a concept as “dew point”. The formation of condensate will depend on its location. When constructing walls, the point is located in the blocks themselves, but when they begin to insulate, a gradual shift occurs, moreover, towards the heat-insulating material.

High-quality insulation is the key to comfortable indoor conditions

We take into account the following points

• The house must have proper ventilation.
• It is necessary to select the correct thickness of the foam, taking into account the heat engineering indicators. It is possible to insulate the walls from the outside with thin sheets of 2 - 4 cm, but this would be a big mistake. The temperature in aerated concrete should always be positive. The central regions of Russia are characterized by low winter temperatures, sheets 10 cm thick are the best solution, then the house will be warmer.

Let us emphasize once again that polystyrene foam is less permeable to vapor, so the humidity of aerated concrete walls increases by an average of 6 - 7%. Humidity can be reduced with a good ventilation system. , lightweight waterproof material. It has poor vapor permeability. Other materials for façade insulation, such as expanded polystyrene foam and foam glass, are not so popular in use.

How important it is for the house to “breathe” depends only on you. You can make a house “breathable” if you provide both good exhaust and air supply.

Today, facade insulation with foam plastic is one of the most inexpensive methods, and is very popular, since the main purpose of insulation is to preserve heat. A material such as polystyrene copes well with this problem.