DIY waste paper press with a force of 24 tons. Making a hydraulic press with your own hands: drawings, photos, videos. Video: homemade press for removing bearings and pulleys

23.06.2020

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To perform work that requires using the pressing method, you will need a hydraulic press. For this, it is important for car enthusiasts to know how to make a garage press with their own hands. The best option is a pressure of 10-25 tons.

This value is sufficient to perform basic types of work. A hydraulic press is necessary for working with bushings, crankshafts, sheet metal, and fittings. Let's look at the operating principles and options for using a garage press, and also learn how to make one yourself.

Drawing of a press for a garage.

A hydraulic press generates force from several tens to several thousand tons, depending on its design and purpose. The use of such equipment is practical both in private garages and small workshops, and on an industrial scale.

Main functions of the press:

metalworking;
pressing;
briquetting;
production of steel profiles;
pipe processing;
production of rubber blanks.

You can free yourself from expensive car services and make a garage press yourself. To do this, you will have to invest in component materials and arm yourself with knowledge. The hydraulic jack is used as a basis; it is the main element of the device. Sometimes a screw or pneumohydraulic jack is used.

The physical principles of the device are based on Pascal's law. The press consists of two main cylinders and chambers. In a smaller container, the pressure of the liquid increases and it is transferred to a larger working container.

Options for using a homemade press

A small press with a pressure force of 10-20 tons will greatly facilitate work in a garage or workshop. The range of applications of such a device is wide and varied. The press is also used for repairs - for working with bushings, crankshafts, and in everyday life - pressing cylinders and metal debris.

When performing construction work with a press, you can bend reinforcement or bend metal sheets.

The amount of work that a press can perform depends on the power of the force. To perform standard work, the average car owner will not have enough power of 5 tons, and it is not advisable to use more than 100 tons. The best option is a force of 10-20 tons.

The main advantage of a homemade press is that it is created for personal needs and when creating it, you have the opportunity to independently control all processes.

Design features of a homemade press

Drawing and dimensions of a garage press.

As mentioned above, a press with a capacity of 10-20 tons will be enough, but the rest should be based on your needs.

The main and main element of a homemade garage press is a hydraulic jack. You can make your own built-in pump with hydraulic cylinders. They will work on the principle of transferring oil pressure from a smaller chamber to a larger one.

The two cylinders are connected to each other by channels through which special oil passes and presses on the piston. In this way, the force is transferred to the tool and the workpiece. The installation of the cylinder is carried out vertically, but for narrowly targeted purposes it can be carried out horizontally.

Using a pump, pressure is created in a larger cylinder. The lightest press based on a bottle jack. It is important to think in advance about what work will be performed using the press.

You can adjust the stroke of the jacking rod and the height of the parts being pressed.

There are several ways to do this:

installation at the top of the screw drive frame;
creation of a removable movable mobile table;
use of removable pads;
applying the above methods together.

All listed dimensions are entered in the drawing. It is important to consider the size of the jack, the parts being processed and the rolled metal.

Preparing the press project

Before assembling the garage device, you need to select the correct drawing, or better yet, make it yourself so that the future tool meets all the requirements. The most important design element of a hydraulic press is the bed.

This is a frame along the slats of which a horizontal beam moves. The frame must be strong enough to withstand the forces of the jack, and also have a safety margin.

If the calculation is incorrect, the press design may not withstand the load.

Garage press project.

The base is best made in the form of a platform. The width of the platform opening depends on the size of the materials that are planned to be processed in the future.

To calculate the width and height of the opening, add up the following parameters:

thickness of the movable table and platform;
jack size;
rod stroke value;
dimensions of processed workpieces.

width 800 mm;
height 1780 mm.

Important elements of the drawing are racks, stops, legs, spacer angles and spring locations. The design is supplemented with some elements to ensure the movement of the stop.

What is the press made of?

A homemade press for a garage must be made reliable and with a good margin of safety, since all components are subject to serious pressure and load. Where to begin?

The process is divided into several stages:

First of all, the frame and platform are created.
For this purpose, channels with numerous stiffening ribs are used. A rectangular metal pipe is used as a blank. 4 pieces are cut out of this pipe according to the dimensions of the drawing and welded into one element. The rigidity of the mechanism increases if the seams go on the sides. Vertical posts and a support are made from the same pipes.
The frame consists of a platform, two posts and a lower support.
The main functions of the frame: taking on the force, distributing it and ensuring the stability of the structure. The platform is supplemented with a clamp made of a pipe 15-20 mm long.
To ensure the press moves and create force on the product, a removable stop is made.
The knot is made using steel strips, which should be slightly shorter than the distance between the posts. The thickness of the strips is 10-15 mm. The strips are fixed using holes.
The final step is to place the hydraulic bottle jack into the frame.
During installation, the stops are pulled back and fixed. Fastening is carried out by bolts or welding.

Press assembly tools

When making the device, various tools are used that are found in every garage. First of all, you need a hydraulic bottle jack. To prevent the unit from falling apart under high pressure, you will need a reliable foundation.

To assemble the garage press, you will need the following tools:

welding machine and electrodes;
grinder with a metal disc;
screwdriver;
electric drill;
level;
roulette;
Sheet steel;
hacksaw for metal;
electrodes;
profile corner.

If you are new to working with a welding machine, it is recommended to first practice on inverter-type machines or trust a master. If it is necessary to use tension springs, you can take door springs, springs from the front seats of cars, or any other that meet the specified requirements.

Rolled metal for assembling a homemade press

Dimensions of press elements.

To make a garage press with your own hands, you may need rolled metal:

Channel, product No. 8 and higher.
Pipe of round or rectangular cross-section not less than 4*4 cm.
A corner of at least 5*5 cm. Used when assembling the base of the frame.
Sheet steel from 8 mm thick. Useful for leveling out various types of unevenness.
A strip of steel 1 cm thick for stiffening ribs and guides.
The pipe section is about 10 mm. The diameter is selected depending on the size of the jack rod head.
Inserts-linings made of steel profile.

Press Assembly Guide

The hydraulic press assembly procedure consists of four main steps that must be followed. At each stage of work you need to check the drawing.

Parts are made from rolled metal in accordance with the diagram or drawing.
The necessary holes are made with a drill.
Frame welding.
Strengthening ribs are welded at the corners of the frame. The “U”-shaped frame is bolted to the base to form a frame.
A desktop is created from a metal sheet 10 mm thick.
For vertical movement of the table, guides are made of 10 mm steel strip. The width of the guides corresponds to the width of the frame. A pipe is inserted between the frame posts, steel strips are attached, and the structure is pulled together at the sides.
Fixation of tension springs.
Before installing the jack, you need to pull the work table. Make a thrust socket and weld it to the bottom center of the table. Then the jack head will be securely rested on the movable table.
The homemade press for the garage is ready.
All that remains is sanding and painting to give it a marketable appearance.

Bottom line

It is quite possible to make a press for a garage yourself; for this you need to purchase materials and tools. You can take a ready-made diagram or drawing of a device or create a new one to fit the required dimensions. The finished device will be useful to every car owner who carries out repair work independently.

How often do you use a pressing tool in your garage?

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Any car enthusiast, and even a garage mechanic, is familiar with the situation when it is necessary to press out any part from the shell, be it a bearing or a silent block. Someone needs to lay the cardboard more compactly, and maybe even make fuel briquettes. But the necessary tool or equipment may not always be at hand. Let's try to figure out how difficult it is to make a press with your own hands and whether it is possible. And if possible, what material will be needed and what is the algorithm for such work. First, let's clarify what a press is and what it is intended for.

Factory produced hydraulic press

What is the purpose and functions of the press in everyday life and its varieties

Such devices have a very wide range of applications. This can be not only squeezing out various parts, but also a device for collecting hay and laying it in even rolls. Perhaps the manufacture of some durable concrete products is required, or perhaps a lot of sawdust has accumulated, from which good fuel can be obtained.

Let's look at the main jobs that the press can perform in everyday life. This equipment can be divided into several types. The design of some types is similar, while others have fundamental design differences.

Press for extruding parts from any base or shell

Such equipment will come in handy in garage conditions. It is not profitable for an ordinary motorist to purchase it, because... the cost is quite high, and they rarely perform the work. But making a press for the garage with your own hands at minimal cost is quite acceptable.

You can use a similar press for silent blocks or bearings, i.e. for those parts whose installation and dismantling cannot be done manually. Having spent a little time, you can design and assemble a device, the cost of which in a store can exceed 50,000 rubles.

What is the basic design of the press and its various types

Many may say that there is no point in spending time on design and assembly and that it is much easier to buy a hydraulic press or its mechanical version, but this is fundamentally wrong. Of course, if it is used, for example, in a car service, etc., perhaps the unit will pay for itself after some time. But for home use and one-time work, the purchase will be a very irrational use of funds.

To fully understand the essence of the work, let us consider the design features of some types of such units. And you should start with the possibility of making a vacuum press with your own hands.

The main thing worth saying about this device is that it has practically no use in everyday life. The fact is that a thermal vacuum press is most often used for the manufacture of doors and window frames, as well as various furniture facades. It is with its help that the parts are covered with film (NDF). It is essentially a large laminating machine.

Note! Such a press is very difficult to manufacture. Some craftsmen say that they spent more money on making such a device on their own than would have been spent on purchasing it. Precisely because of its great complexity and small scope of application, we will not dwell on such a press in detail. It would be much more interesting to consider a baler capable of compacting and baling hay or straw.

Design features of the hay pick-up press

This simple installation is assembled from boards and is very useful on the farm, because When stored, compressed straw takes up much less space, and neat “briquettes” will be convenient to store.

Such a mechanical press is a wooden box measuring 80 x 80 cm and 3 m in length. At one end there is a hatch with a lock, and at the other there is a wooden platform with a long lever, through which the hay is pressed. In order to more fully understand the principle of operation and design of such an installation, you can watch the short video below.

Surely, after watching it, it became clear that such a press does not even require preliminary drawings. As for the walk-behind tractor press, there are no fundamental differences between them, the only difference being that the second option does not have a lever. Pressure testing is carried out using the same pressure platform, but through a cable drive, i.e. the second option is just a more mechanized version of the first.

Video: from homemade press for making bales in a hurry

Compact press for everyday small jobs

For home use, a tabletop hand press has proven itself to be very good. Of course, it can also be made in a hydraulic version, but we will look at more complex units a little later. Therefore, now let’s try to understand what the operating principle of a mechanical tabletop press is.

Such an installation is a frame welded from profile iron and reinforced with stiffeners. A manual jack is usually attached to the top in such a way that when the handle is rotated, it moves towards the lower platform. The unit itself is bolted to the workbench.

Thus, it turns out that by placing a part in the lower part of the steel frame, for example, placing a tube under it, you can easily, by rotating the jack handle, squeeze out the middle part. This is how the silent blocks of the car or bearings, etc. are squeezed out, or vice versa, pressed into place. similar parts into their seats. The main thing is to ensure that there is no distortion in the pressure.

You can make a similar press desktop or floor-mounted, if necessary, in larger sizes. But do not forget that in this case you will need a more powerful jack, or install a gearbox to increase the pressure force.

Compacting press or how to assemble a device based on rollers

Sometimes it is necessary to roll out the wire or make a plate thinner. This is where a roller press comes in handy. The principle of its operation is easy to understand for those who remember old washing machines with manual spin. Excess moisture was removed from the laundry by passing the item between two rollers. Rotating the handle caused them to rotate in opposite directions.

This is exactly how a mechanical roller press works, with the only difference being that it is possible to adjust the distance between the shafts, and there is also a gearbox that reduces the rotation speed, increasing power - after all, metal is much stiffer than fabric. Such mechanisms can be manufactured with either a manual, mechanical or electric drive. In this case, instead of a handle through a chain transmission, it is necessary to connect an asynchronous motor. The gearbox with this connection will be slightly different. In addition, it is better to connect the motor through a frequency converter. This ensures a smoother start, energy savings and longer service life of the motor.

Manufacturing of high-strength concrete products - what is needed for this?

Someone may ask what does concrete products have to do with it when we are talking about presses. It turns out that the connection is direct. It is precisely for strengthening products such as cinder blocks, etc. A vibropress is used. Inside such a device, where the mold is located, a mixture of cement, sand, etc. is placed, after which it is pressed with a press and vibration is turned on. As a result, excess air is removed, and the product acquires the necessary strength.

Making such a brick press with your own hands is quite possible, although it will require a lot of time, effort and knowledge. Usually, when it comes to paving slabs or something similar, home craftsmen prefer to make a regular vibrating table. In fact, there will not be much difference if the solution in the molds is not subjected to pressure, but simply loses unnecessary, excess air during vibration.

Hydraulics as the most common type of pressure supply to the press

The most interesting and common type of such units is a hydraulic press with an electric drive. The principle of operation of such a device is as simple as it is complex - and this is true. Low viscosity engine oil passes through a pump driven by an electric motor and enters the cylinder. It creates high pressure, which pushes the piston.

Of course, the drive can also be mechanical, without the participation of an electric motor and an oil pump. This will be the most common type of press, which is made by hand. For work in the garage, such a device, at times, becomes simply irreplaceable. And, besides, following some tips, even a novice craftsman who has basic skills in working with a welding machine or making bolted connections can make it.

What is the structure of a hydraulic press and how to make it

A hydraulic press is absolutely indispensable in rural areas. And it was invented back in 1975. The principle of its operation is to use communicating cylinders with pistons of different diameters. Moreover, the less pressure, i.e. the hydraulic pump and the more receiving hydraulic cylinder, the stronger the pressure will be created with less force. In essence, this can be compared to the movement of a car in a low gear.

The most common form of hydraulic press, as already mentioned, has become a rectangular frame. And the main task in its manufacture is accurate calculations. The first step is, of course, to draw up a diagram of the future press, because Without it, it will be difficult to figure out all the connections. Both the quality and speed of assembly of the unit depend on how detailed it is.

All structural elements must be made of steel, with a thickness of at least 15 mm. This is done so that the frame does not move during operation, because significant force will be applied. The main thing that needs to be considered is the design itself. It is necessary to remember that hydraulic jacks are designed specifically for working in a vertical position and cannot be placed on their side, nor can they be installed with the rod down.

Ideally, you should get the following design. A rectangular, elongated upward frame is fixed to the frame. Inside the frame, vertically along the edges, there are 2 guides along which a horizontal crossbar runs up and down. A hydraulic jack is fixed on top of it, and the transverse beam itself is suspended from the top of the frame by springs, which ensure that the transverse beam is pressed back when the jack is loosened.

The hydraulic press produced in this way will press down when the jack is “pumped up” and rise up when it is loosened using springs. A large nut can be welded to the bottom of the beam, into which various tips necessary for a particular job will subsequently be screwed.

If you have a separate hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic pump at hand, then you can make a more convenient unit. Indeed, in this case, it becomes possible to install a pedal, and during work both hands remain free, which is sometimes extremely necessary.

In general, how to make a hydraulic press is everyone’s business. And the answer to this question is limited only by the imagination and wishes of the master. A little ingenuity and now an exclusive device is ready that meets all the requirements of convenience.

The importance of drawing up drawings of a self-made hydraulic press

The main task in such work is accuracy and attentiveness. And if the dimensions, for example, of the vertical posts do not match, the unit may press slightly to the side, which in some cases can be critical. That’s why drawing up drawings of a manual hydraulic press with your own hands is very important. Moreover, all dimensions on them must be written down and calculated down to the millimeter. And during manufacturing, deviations from the drawing are unacceptable.

A hydraulic press drawing of which is drawn up correctly and will function perfectly. For a typical garage installation, the ideal size would be a supporting frame 50 cm wide and up to 1 m high.

Do-it-yourself hydraulic press - how long will such work take and which connections are better

It is best to assemble the frame for a hydraulic press with your own hands using welding joints. In this case, the seams must be of high quality. Of course, if a 3-ton jack is installed, no extra forces will be applied to the frame, but it’s still better to play it safe.

But what will happen if the weak seams do not hold up and the structure “leads”? Let's look at this with an example. The faulty electric motor bearing needs to be replaced. It is pressed into a duralumin cover, and therefore you need to work with a homemade hydraulic press to remove it. And if, during its extrusion, the frame of the structure is driven, the force on the bearing is applied unevenly in a circle. As a result, the duralumin engine cover breaks. We've arrived. Now, in addition to the bearing, it is necessary to purchase a cover for an asynchronous motor (or a generator, the meaning does not change).

That is why, before making a press with your own hands, you should think about the connections. If you are not confident in your ability to make high-quality welds, then it is better to either turn to a professional or stick to bolted connections. But you also need to be careful with this type of installation. You should not spend 2-3 small diameter bolts on one connection, this will not make it stronger. The best thing that can be for a garage hydraulic press is a connection with one, but thick bolt.

Article

There are often situations in everyday life when you need to squeeze objects with enormous force. This is precisely what various pressed devices are used for. The most popular and reliable is the hydraulic design. Is it possible to make a press of any complexity with your own hands and use it in everyday life? To answer the question, you need to familiarize yourself in detail with the types of equipment and functions, and choose the right model for yourself.

Read in the article:

Purpose and functions of the press in everyday life and industry

A press is the oldest industrial device, which in many cases cannot be done without. It is used for pressing a huge range of different types of products and structures (from jewelry to airplanes).

Essentially, a press is a device that provides powerful compaction of various substances, as well as:

squeezes out liquid;
lifts and moves heavy objects.

Today there are 4 main types produced:

Wedges.
Lever.
Hydraulic.
Screw.

Types of hydraulic presses

Hydraulic models are divided into vertical and horizontal by type of design.

Vertical includes:

Pressing.
Pressing.
Stamping.

To horizontal:

Edit.
Chopping.
Flexion.

Vertical models can be found in construction and mechanical engineering. They consist of a high-pressure pump, which is used for labor-intensive pressing. To work along the bed guides, a low-pressure pump is used.

Applications of hydraulic press

The popularity of hydraulics is growing every year in various fields. Such irreplaceable equipment, industrial presses, excavators and powerful cranes work efficiently thanks to their unpretentious mechanism. Let's consider presses that operate on the basis of hydraulics and are used both in everyday life and in industry.

Device for silent blocks

Presses for silent blocks are used for pressing in and out of automotive bearings. The equipment performs a wide range of auto maintenance, repair and maintenance work.

Expert opinion

Tool selection consultant at VseInstrumenty.ru LLC

Ask a specialist

“If you are planning your own mini car service or just repairing cars yourself, then you can safely purchase a hydraulic press for silent blocks or make it yourself.”

When developing the unit, you need to consider the following parameters:

Dimensions.
Mass.
Installation of pressure gauge.
Calculate the parameters of the bed.
Piston performance.

There are many parameters to design this press. Some may have a 1-ton passenger car, while others may have a multi-ton truck. A simple press with minimal parameters is not suitable for a truck.

Advice! The simplest device, made independently, is made from a simple hydraulic jack with a conventional hand pump.

Description of the model for waste paper

A waste paper press is a must-have for your home and workshop. Over the years, many homes accumulate a quantity of unnecessary paperwork that needs to be disposed of. The device is manufactured with medium power. And it works from the mains, but does not absorb much electricity.

The compact model is able to recycle a lot of unnecessary waste paper. The equipment is used like a cardboard press, eliminating tin cans and plastic bottles.

When assembling yourself, the following parameters are taken into account:

Piston parameters.
Bed parameters.
Equipment dimensions.

A hydraulic pump (manual or ready-made) is used for pressure. For the simplest model, a conventional hydraulic jack is used.

Briquettes for sawdust

Briquettes are common for heating private homes; they are the simplest and most effective method of fuel. It is for these purposes that a sawdust press is made.

A press for fuel briquettes is a mechanical device that consists of the following elements:

Base.
Table.
Power frame.
Drive (mechanical or manual).

For manual drive, a jack is often used as an addition, and for mechanical drive, an electric motor. The family of briquette presses also includes a roller press.

Hay processing equipment

The device looks like a wooden box, which is mounted on a frame made of reliable timber. Metal profiles can also be used as a frame.

The box itself is made without a roof, but with a gate. To make a homemade hay picker press, you will need some materials:

Pre-finished boards.
Corners.
Metal slats for durability.

First, the treated boards are connected with metal corners using fastening bolts. Then, for strength, we line the box with metal slats. We move on to the door or gate, which is installed on hinges, like a standard door leaf.

To assemble a hay collecting apparatus you will need:

The basis for installing all components.
The main part of the attachment to the front.
For the press box running element.
Transport picker.
Chamber, cylindrical, with a press and gearbox.

Advice! The main attention in the model should be paid to the walk-behind tractor. The more powerful the mechanism, the higher the rotation speed will be.

How to make a garage appliance yourself

If you want to make a press with your own hands in the garage, then it is best to use a manual drive (hydraulic pump). The model consists of chambers with 2 pistons, which are connected to each other by an oil line. A hydraulic press operates according to Pascal's law.

Models based on a pneumatic piston and pneumohydraulic structures are created for the garage.

Device and design of the press. Types of different models and their use in everyday life

The operating principle of, for example, hydraulic equipment resembles a mechanism that, with the help of human effort, can lift a load whose mass exceeds the capabilities of an ordinary person.

Hydraulic energy operates on this principle, based on different mechanisms:

Shock absorber.
Drive unit.
Pump.
Brake.

Today, there are different types of presses, powerful, industrial, and manual, designed for home needs.

Press for the production of furniture facades

The press is used for the manufacture of furniture facades based on wood tiles and PVC. And also for decorative overlays for door panels with your own hands. A vacuum press will become a reliable assistant in performing all these works.

Thermal vacuum press includes:

Camera.
Thermal module.
The chamber is made from a rigid, stable material that is not subject to deformation or compression.

The outer part is covered with PVC film with sealed edges.

Harvesting unit

The baler is an indispensable and reliable design for cases when it is necessary to completely remove hay and straw from the fields.

The unit itself is useful for the agricultural part. There are 2 types of cleaners, they are qualified for both large industrial units and small models:

Rolled.
Bale.

Industrial special equipment is an independent unit, and small models are attached to a walk-behind tractor.

Each type has its own characteristics, so before creating a model with your own hands, we recommend that you learn more about each model in more detail, watch the video:

Types of tabletop hydraulic presses by functionality

The table press is divided into two main types:

Universal.
Specialized.

Specialized models perform one specific operation, with ready-made equipment for this action.

Universal presses have huge functional differences. Tabletop designs are designed for different operations and equipped with different technologies for each function.

Mechanical press

The tabletop manual press can operate both automatically and manually. The design gained its popularity due to its small size. The equipment is reliable and has great resources.

Thanks to the manual press you can process:

foam;
cardboard;
polymers;
rubber;
skin;
various types of metals.

Most often, this model can be seen in the metalwork industry. Thanks to the press, craftsmen significantly save time on the manufacture of bearings and pressing.

Vibropress and its application

This is an indispensable device for the construction of country houses:

Concrete blocks.
Expanded clay concrete blocks.
Pavement tiles.

If you make a home model of a brick press with your own hands for your home, you can stamp blocks in unlimited quantities, ensuring, at a minimum, your own construction, and at maximum your own business.

Electro-hydraulic press

Equipment such as a hydraulic press with an electric drive is used not only in large industrial enterprises, but also in ordinary workshops.

It is thanks to the electric drive that a significant part of the problems can be solved:

many types of work with metal products;
work with bearings and shafts (production, pressing);
pressing of products from wood shavings.

You can buy a hydraulic press with an electric drive, but not every ordinary person can afford such a luxury. We invite you to watch a video on how you can make the equipment yourself:

Construction of a hydraulic press for a garage, drawings, assembly

Experienced motorists make this kind of model on their own from available raw materials, which will subsequently allow them to carry out a number of free repairs and maintenance work on the car.

Note! In the independent production of hydraulic presses for the garage, it is often possible to use a manual drive.

We will need a hydraulic pump.
Select a model: tabletop or floor-standing.
Drawing with dimensions.

Before we make a hydraulic press, we will need to develop a drawing with dimensions and some instructions.

Designing drawings of a hydraulic press with your own hands

Before making an individual model, you need to decide exactly what type of activity the device will be used for and what power it should be.

The next and important stage is to develop a drawing of a hydraulic press with your own hands; consider several models:

Models	Description
Complex hydraulic model	A general schematic drawing requires time and the necessary specialized equipment.
Simple manual	Automotive, simple. You can do it yourself by reading the instructions.
Conventional tire changing machine	Two-speed with hand pump. There is a self-return system to the starting position. Mobile piston.
Floor model	There is an overload valve. Floor installation, two speeds, manual pump drive.
The model is assembled in simple conditions	When creating, a thick-walled pipe is used. For the floor structure you will need channels or corners with thick walls.

Advice! Before developing the drawing, we determine the layout and installation of the jack.

In most cases, the jack is installed from below at the base. The development of the drawing includes such an important detail as the structure of the bed. This is a very important point, because it bears the entire load, so you need to take care of the strength even before production.

How to make a hydraulic press with your own hands for the garage?

A small step-by-step instruction:

For the workbench you need a channel or metal pipe.
The cutting strips will be used for the table guides. The length of the guides and the width of the bed must be the same.
After the work is completed, the equipment is assembled and bolted.
A do-it-yourself hydraulic press involves making an adjustable, removable stop, which is made in the same way, but we make holes for fixing in the strips opposite the racks.

Installation of spring elements and a jack is the final stage in the construction of a hydraulic press for a garage. There are cases when a jack is not needed; it can be easily removed from the equipment.

1 (support beam on top);

2 (fastening elements);

3 (jack up to 20 t);

4 (spring mechanism);

5 (movable structure);

6 (stopper);

7 (adjustment device);

8 (transverse design);

9 (support legs).

Everything is securely fastenedThere are two options: using, which is more reliable. Bolt-on mounting available

Do-it-yourself hydraulic press from a jack, drawing with a bolted connectionHere it is necessary to accurately calculate the press force

Installation of the beam will be needed for greater rigidityYou can come up with a supporting element yourself, depending on your imagination. The presence of a crossbar at the bottom is mandatory for rigidity.

Advice! When producing a hydraulic press from a jack, first of all, you need to ensure the strength of the frame; it is on it that the load will be placed.

Which jack is suitable for our design?

Today, the glass jack is most often used for the production of hydraulic presses. There are inexpensive devices that can squeeze more than twenty tons.

Note! But there is a problem in using such equipment; they are not able to function upside down.

It seems logical to fix the jack on the upper beam and use the lower one as a support, but in this case the jack will have to be modified.

Design modification:

Option 1: install the tank and connect it to the hole for filling the jack using a silicone tube.
Option 2: will require a new development of the jack itself.

Operation of the clamping system

To make a press from a hydraulic jack with your own hands, a rod is formed. Many craftsmen claim that it is not convenient to use. A large area is needed to develop various, large molds and large-sized parts.

In the role of blocks, you can use ingots, in which blind holes are made to strengthen them with the main structure of the press. If you don’t have the financial means, you can make the units yourself. You need to make a hole in the beam where the heel of the jack should fit, with virtually no gap. Then we make several holes for the return mechanism.

Then at the top of the assembly we weld a piece of pipe to fit the jack. We weld the lower part using corners.

The role of the adjustable support beam

To attach a portable beam, massive steel fingers are suitable. On the vertical part of the frame we make a series of round cuts at different heights. The diameter of the notches must match the cross-section of all bolts.

Installation of the return mechanism

The last detail in the design of a hydraulic press is the return or spring mechanism. Here you can insert regular door springs. The task can become much more difficult when using a top headstock, since its own weight may prevent the spring mechanism from compressing.

Advice! One option is to increase the number of springs to 6 or use more powerful parts.

What you need to know when creating a hydraulic structure

To create the necessary pressure, either a built-in or removable hydraulic device is used. It all depends on the equipment used for the homemade press.
Before you start your small production, you need to know exactly what this model will be used for.
Depending on the effort, you need to select the degree of reliability of the jack.
Before work, you need to make a small plan and create a drawing for your future design.

Video review: DIY hydraulic press

In conclusion

A self-made hydraulic press has a number of undeniable advantages:

The simple and inexpensive design will please you for a long time.
The model does not have various types of safety devices for rebooting, which simplifies the model.
The operation of the device is not affected by the position of the work table.
You can safely change the parameters of the height and length of the working stroke.

Today it is impossible to imagine a garage or car service without hydraulic equipment. By making the press yourself, you will receive exactly the device that will serve you for a long time. In conclusion, we would like to offer you a video to clearly see the intricacies of home production of a hydraulic press.

For some operations, a home craftsman may need a press with significant compression force, but purchasing equipment of this class will be completely unjustified. Today we will tell you how to assemble a reliable press based on a hydraulic car jack in a few hours.

What and how to assemble a frame for the press?

The material for the frame, its structural strength and the method of assembly should be determined by the pressure that the jack is capable of delivering. For accurate calculations, it is important to understand in which direction the loads act during operation.

The base of the press is a rectangular U-shaped frame made of a channel or a paired steel angle. The main acting force is the resistance to compression, expressed in concentrated load. The main force is concentrated in the centers of the horizontal crossbars. The forces that stretch the vertical racks of the press and the phenomena of deformation in compressed parts can be completely neglected.

1 - upper thrust beam; 2 - bolts; 3 - jack 20 t; 4 — return springs; 5 - movable beam; 6 — locking pin; 7 - adjustable support beam; 8 - transverse beam; 9 - legs from corners

For installation with a compressive force of up to 5 tons, you can safely use:

Channel according to GOST 8240-89, standard size 8P.
A pair of hot-rolled angles according to GOST 8509-93, size 50x5 mm, connected with 10 mm rods every 20-25 cm, or with a solid weld.

Let us immediately make a reservation that we provide approximate data on rolled metal for a frame with an internal window no wider than 100 cm. By analogy, when using a jack with a force of up to 10 tons, the frame should be made from:

Channel size 10P.
Twin angle steel 63x7 mm, solid seam connection with internal inserts of nominal cross-section.

If the required compression force reaches 15 tons or higher, then the frame should be made of:

Channel size 14P.
Twin angle 75x8 mm, connection similar to the previous one.

The above proposal for rolled metal products implies a tenfold safety margin, which completely eliminates exceeding the limit of elastic deformation and is normal for installations of this kind. All frame joints must be welded with solid double-sided seams and butt cut. If the connection is not made by welding, assembly with bolts or cotter pins is allowed. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the maximum permissible shear load.

With a bolted connection, the main load becomes dispersed and the compression force of the press must be divided by the number of bolts or pins. The destructive shear force of bolts made of the most common steel ST-3 is:

M10 - about 2500-3000 kg.
M12 - 4000-4500 kg.
M14 - 5500-6000 kg.

To ensure the required safety margin, each fastening element must experience a load five times less than the destructive load. For steel fingers, the force can be taken 10-15% higher than the specified values. If the required number of fasteners cannot be placed in a corner unit, you should increase the strength with gussets, for which it is preferable to use corner steel instead of sheet steel. The same applies to the welded frame structure, which also helps to avoid the use of excessively massive rolled steel.

In addition to the loaded upper part, the frame includes two racks with legs that provide the press with sufficient stability, and a cross beam that can be adjusted when processing parts of different sizes. The cross-section of the upper and lower beams must be equivalent, as well as the cross-section of their fastening elements. Everyone is free to implement the legs and support according to their own considerations; they do not experience work loads in addition to the own weight of the press. The only requirement is the presence of a bottom crossbar, which gives the structure additional rigidity.

Which jack to use and how to modify it

The most affordable and suitable for making a home press would be a glass-type hydraulic car jack. As mentioned above, you have the right to choose the working force to suit your tasks; there are relatively inexpensive devices on sale that can squeeze up to 20 tons or even more.

The main problem with using these jacks is their inability to work in an upside-down position. It seems most logical to mount the jack permanently on the upper beam and use the lower one as a support for the part. However, this will require modification of the hydraulic mechanism.

The first option for modifying the jack is to install an additional expansion tank with a capacity of about 300 ml. The tank is connected to the filler hole of the jack with a regular silicone tube. To ensure a tight fit, you can use threaded fittings for the oxygen hose, which are available in any auto parts store.

Another modification option will require disassembling the jack. It is necessary to completely drain the oil and pump the plunger, then tighten the upper clamping nut, holding it in a vice. After this, the outer glass is loosened with a rubber mallet; it should come out of the seat ring at the base of the jack. Immediately next to the plunger lever there is a hole for collecting the working fluid. The whole problem lies here: the glass is not completely filled and therefore, when upside down, the hole does not come into contact with the oil. To eliminate this, you need to tightly press a tube into it, almost the entire height of the glass.

If you do not redo the jack, you will have to implement a more complex mechanism with an additional third beam. It should slide along the side guide posts and have a tight enough fit so that the jack does not move when pressure is pumped up. In our case, the jack is simply attached in an inverted position to the center of the upper beam. There is no need for massive bolts here; it is enough to make a couple of holes in the jack’s support plate and provide fixation with M10 or M8 bolts that can withstand the weight of the jack itself and a slight shear force at the initial stage of compression.

Manufacturing of clamping pads

The jack rod is not very convenient to use; it usually requires an increased area of the compression headstocks to use a wide range of molds and work with large parts. In this case, the force must be distributed evenly over the entire area of the compressed surfaces, without causing deformation.

In the simplest case, short, solid ingots can act as clamping blocks. It is enough to simply make blind holes with threads for fixing them to the main structure of the press. But these kinds of parts are not always available to the average person, so we offer the option of making our own headstocks that can withstand significant compression forces without harm.

The top headstock must have the ability to be integrally fastened with the jack rod, preventing shifting during operation. Simply put, a blind hole should be made in the headstock into which the heel of the jack will fit with minimal clearance. You will also need a pair of holes for attaching the return mechanism springs.

Both headstocks can be made from two sections of channel or four pieces of angle, forming a parallelepiped with open side edges. Seams on the planes through which the axis of the main working force passes should be welded with a continuous seam from the inside, the rest - from the outside. One of the faces is blanked with a square insert, after which the internal cavity is filled with sand concrete grade 500. After hardening, the headstock is welded on the other side, so two incompressible blocks are obtained.

To fit it on the jack, it is enough to weld a piece of pipe of the appropriate diameter in the upper part of the headstock, which will act as a casing for the glass. For even greater reliability, a washer with a hole for the heel of the rod is attached to the bottom of the sleeve. The headstock can simply be placed on an adjustable beam, but it is better to weld a couple of corners or steel rods to limit the shift.

Adjustable support beam

As you already know, the lower beam must have a cross-section no smaller than that of the upper one, but it differs in design. The support table is made of two channels, with the ribs facing outwards, which are placed on opposite sides of the racks and welded in the central part with inserts from angle or thick reinforcement. There is free space along the center of the beam, which explains the need to make a lower support block. The latter should rest on at least half the width of each shelf; the shear stops are welded in the center of the lower part.

The best option for fixing the beam to the racks is with the help of massive steel pins. To do this, a series of round notches at different heights with a parallel arrangement should be made in the vertical channels of the frame. As you understand, the diameter of the pins cannot be less than the total cross-section of all the bolts used to fasten the upper part of the frame.

Return mechanism

The last part of the homemade press design is a spring mechanism that will fold the jack when the bypass valve is open. For this purpose, ordinary springs for finishing doors are suitable, which can be purchased in unlimited quantities at any hardware store.

The task is complicated when using an upper headstock, the significant dead weight of which will not allow the springs to compress. Alternatively, you can increase the number of springs to four or six, or use more powerful extension springs for the gate.

If there is no upper block, it is necessary to secure the springs to the jack rod. To do this, you will need a washer, the internal hole of which is larger than the rod adjusting screw, but smaller than the diameter of the piston. The spring is attached to it through two small holes along the edges and fixed to the upper beam in the same way or on welded hooks. It is not necessary to position the spring strictly vertically; you can compensate for the excess length with an inclined position.

A waste paper compactor can help you convert mountains of papers, boxes and other paper waste into compact bags that save space.

This is especially necessary for large stores, cafes, and enterprises that have a lot of paper waste. In order not to expand the utility rooms, it is easier to make compressed waste paper.

Types of presses

Presses for waste paper come in a wide variety of sizes, performance, and operating principles. There are mini-installations, medium-sized equipment and large industrial models, mobile or stationary.

Based on the design and method of pressing, the following types of presses are distinguished:

mechanical;
hydraulic;
hydromechanical;
baling

Mechanical press for waste paper

This installation operates using a screw drive, which can be electromechanical or manual. The press force is in the range of 4–32 tons.

The manual screw press operates using the energy of a large flywheel, which is accelerated by hand. The maximum pressing force in such presses is determined by the diameter of the flywheel and its height. The thread on the screw is self-locking and multi-pass.

The screw press is made vertically with a cast iron frame and a nut made of antifriction bronze.

In a mechanically driven screw press, the nut rotates using an electric motor and a gear or V-belt drive.

The disadvantage of such designs is the need to install torque overload protection. At the end of pressing the fuse should trip.

The advantages are small size and weight. Some models can be installed outdoors.

Hydraulic paper press

The installation has become more widespread, despite the fact that it is larger than the mechanical one. The equipment includes a pumping unit, an ejection mechanism and a control system. The working part is sliders and hydraulic cylinders. The working fluid is distilled from the lower cavity of the cylinder to the upper.

Pressing is carried out with a force of 2.5–3 atmospheres according to the pressure gauge.

Hydraulic presses are:

with manual control;
semi-automatic;
automatic.

The devices consist of a hydraulic cylinder and a lever mechanism. They are distinguished by the fact that at the end of the movement of the plate, the speed decreases, and the press force increases many times, as well as by economical energy consumption.

The automatic press has a horizontal layout. The unit pushes the finished package out of the working area and creates a knot for dressing.

Volumes of processed raw materials

The simplest presses, which compact only light materials such as paper and cardboard, create a pressure force of 4 to 10 tons.

Presses with an average pressure of 10 to 15 tons can process thermoplastic products.

Presses with high pressure forces of up to 30 tons even compact sheet metal products. Their cost is high, so an economic justification is necessary when purchasing such a unit.

Equipment dimensions

The size of the presses directly depends on the volume of waste paper or other waste that needs to be processed. By size, the equipment is divided into the following formats:

mini;
standard;
professional.

Mini. Such presses do not require attachment to a surface; they are easy to move and easy to operate. The volume of waste paper in such a unit is reduced by only 3 times, its productivity is low. It is quite suitable for home use by individuals, small offices, and trade market pavilions.

Standard. Intended for:

warehouses;
points accepting waste paper;
shops;
companies working with large volumes of papers.

These units require strong attachment to a horizontal surface. The pressure they create makes it possible to reduce the volume of waste paper by five times.

Professional. Designed for printing enterprises, complexes of large warehouses with a huge flow of paper and cardboard waste. After pressing, this waste is reduced in volume by 10 times or more. The applied force is 30 tons. Installation of such an industrial press and its maintenance are carried out only by qualified personnel. Installation requires a room with certain dimensions, spacious and high.

Classification of equipment according to the method of loading raw materials

Methods for loading waste vary between different types of presses and can be:

vertical;
horizontal;
corner.

Mini and Standard equipment mainly includes vertical presses.

Professional presses include horizontal hydraulic presses for waste. They can compress not only paper waste, but also compress recyclables: solid household waste, plastic bottles, etc.

Waste paper press control

The waste pressing process is controlled using a special lever. The lever drives the pressing slides. They can be stopped at any time by blocking. The pressure is controlled by readings from pressure gauges.

Management is carried out by one person and does not require special knowledge and skills.

Unit parts require constant lubrication, especially during frequent operation.

How to choose a press

When choosing a waste paper press, you need to keep in mind that its price directly depends on its productivity, pressure and other technical characteristics.

You need to focus, first of all, on the volume of required processing. Based on this, the required productivity and capacity of the working chamber are selected.

The power consumption and dimensions of the installation are of no small importance.

For small needs, compact models are preferred. They can be installed in a small room and even in a waste paper removal machine.

Some installations can compress textile and plastic products into bales: disposable tableware, bottles. Such equipment will help to recycle and remove waste much faster and easier.

The most popular equipment models

A wide range of hydraulic presses for waste paper are produced at the Arzamas plant "Gidropress".

The offered models are equipped with systems for automatic unloading of finished compressed bales. Individual elements of these systems are developed in Italy, and precision automation elements are produced in France.

This equipment works reliably in any conditions, even in the absence of heating in the room in which it is installed and at sub-zero temperatures.

Vertical presses produce bales with the following mass:

up to 200 kg on small presses;
up to 350 kg on medium presses;
up to 600 kg on large presses.

This suggests that any consumer can make a choice for themselves.

Horizontal hydraulic presses have significantly higher productivity. In addition to paper waste, they are used for compacting municipal solid waste, plastic, and aluminum cans. They are characterized by fast and efficient loading from above, there is no need to level the layer. The bale is formed after 5–6 loads and has a high density.

Horizontal hydraulic presses of the Mega series with a conveyor installation have the following characteristics:

weight of the compressed bale - 200–650 kg;
package size - from 1000x800 to 2100x800 mm;
the working stroke of the traverse is from 1600 to 3300 mm.

Popular models are the following:

Top loading. Dimensions: 200x64x42 cm. The size of the finished briquettes is 50x40x35 cm, processes up to 500 kg of raw materials per day, applied force is 2 tons.

Barinel 1500LP6 with vertical loading. Dimensions: 160x56x67 cm. The size of the finished briquettes is 50x50x50 cm, the applied force is 6 tons, produces up to 5 briquettes per hour weighing up to 30 kg each.

DIY waste paper press

You can make the simplest equipment for making briquettes from paper waste yourself, using device drawings that are easy to find on the Internet. For design, it is necessary to specify the dimensions of the installation, the desired stroke of the traverse and the permissible pressure force.

Based on the size of the chamber for pressing waste paper and the desired press force, a conventional hydraulic jack is selected, which will serve as a pressure device. The traverse will move in a direction depending on the location of the jack. More convenient is the upper layout of the jack, in which the traverse moves downwards.

Manufacturing of bed and jack

To construct the frame, thick sheet material is used from high-quality construction steel 12 GS, manufactured in accordance with GOST 19282. Frame elements made from such steel are better welded. The bed is a rectangular closed frame.

The capabilities of the jack are determined by the dimensions of the frame and traverse. The traverse must have free idling. This is necessary so that waste can be loaded. After creating a package of waste paper, the traverse should return to its original position. To do this, the design includes two springs, which are arranged symmetrically.

Control system installation

At the last stage, the electrical drive control system is installed. Most often it consists of two buttons, as the simplest option.

In terms of the level of force developed (up to 120 kN), homemade waste paper presses are not inferior to purchased ready-made models of such equipment.

Advantages of a waste paper press

Beginning entrepreneurs and businessmen need to think in a timely manner about what they will do with paper waste, which literally “eats up” the useful space of offices and warehouses.

A waste paper press will help solve the waste problem, because its main function is to compress waste paper into dense bales, which are more convenient to store and transport.

Choosing a suitable installation is not difficult; the choice is very large. And if over time the unit turns out to be unnecessary for some reason, it can be rented out or sold at a profit.