Forging as a mini business. Production of forged metal products. Cold forging of metal as a business idea Forged products workshop

• Kind of activity: production of forged products
• Capital investments from 230,320 rub.
• Average monthly revenue from 429,000 rub. per month.
• Net profit from 109,800 rub. per month.
• Payback from 2 months.

Over the past two years, the demand for forged products has significantly increased in Russia. Every month, more than 300,000 people on the Internet are interested in elements of artistic forging, and this figure is growing by an average of 7%. The trend is explained by the fact that in the regions there is an active improvement of megacities and the construction of countryside villages.

As a result, there is a high demand for all types of metal structures: from small decorations for a garden plot to massive fences for a cottage. In the next six months, the dynamics will be even more significant. A blacksmith shop, open during the “peak” spring-summer period, is an ideal option for a start and a quick payback.

Who is this business for?

Today, the blacksmithing business is available to beginning entrepreneurs. It does not require large capital investments and is easy to organize and produce. The entire process is automated and carried out on modern machines. Manufacturers are willing to provide assistance in training and business organization. To purchase equipment that even one person can operate, a little more than 200 thousand rubles is enough.

In this case, there is no need to undergo licensing or certification, and production can be established in any technical room, even a garage. Manufacturing forged products is an excellent opportunity to expand an existing business. In Russia, construction and finishing companies, interior design studios, and furnace construction specialists open their own forge workshops.

Competition in the market

This niche is simply empty. Unlike other business models with a low entry barrier, there is little competition. In cities, the number of blacksmith shops number in the dozens, while “popular startups” - retail enterprises, car washes, catering, tire repair - number in the thousands.

Where to look for clients?

The first step in this direction is to create a website. To do this, you can turn to professionals or do the work yourself. Today there are many free editors that will help you create it without programming knowledge. The site will attract its first customers within a month, and their flow can be increased with the help of contextual advertising. It is easy to customize and will allow you to attract your target audience even with minimal budgets.

The second opportunity is cooperation with trade and service companies. Construction stores, utility services, funeral service agencies, interior design studios - these and other organizations actively use forged products in their work.

Word of mouth is another effective way to attract customers. Finished projects are the best advertisement for a workshop, which means that beautifully completed work will attract new customers.

Additional channels for finding clients can also be posting information on websites with advertisements (Avito, “From Hand to Hand”, etc.), placing an open workshop on public streets, or opening your own store of finished products in shopping malls.

How a blacksmith shop can earn money:

• Fences
• Gates
• Chimneys
• Fencing (garden, balcony)
• Window bars
• Braziers
• Interior items, furniture (tables, flower stands, hangers in
  hallway, etc.)
• Other metal structures
• Welding work

Business plan "ECONOMY"

Suitable for those who want to open a blacksmith shop with a minimum investment. Having one universal forging machine “AZHUR-1M”, you can start producing: window grilles, forged fences, gates, gazebos, forged furniture, canopies, stair railings and much more.

Technical characteristics of the machine "AZHUR-1M".

The cost of the machine is 217,670 rubles. To expand the range of products, we recommend purchasing a set of rollers that allows you to produce forged products from profile pipes for 12,650 rubles. Additional equipment you will need to purchase is a welding machine and a grinder.

Calculation of monthly profit of a blacksmith's workshop. Option "ECONOMY".

In brackets are the prices of products made from solid rolled metal.

From the profit, we subtract the costs of maintaining the workshop: rent, advertising, electricity, transportation costs, taxes.

Business plan “OPTIMAL”

Suitable for those who wish to organize large-scale production of forged products. To extract maximum profit, production is organized using a set of machines. Some machines will give workpieces a sophisticated, expensive look, while others will create forged elements from processed workpieces. The resulting products will look expensive and sell faster.

Workshop equipment:

• Machine "Azhur - 1M". Equipment No. 2, costing 307,160 rubles. Additional equipment worth RUB 28,810. In this configuration, the machine allows you to produce the entire range of forged products. For more detailed information, please contact our specialists.
• Machine "Azhur -2" for 262,400 rubles. Additional equipment in the amount of 51,700 rubles. Covers the workshop's needs for metal finishing.
• Hydraulic press "Azhur - 3M" for 335,000 rubles. A set of molds worth RUB 29,900. allows us to produce forged products in large quantities.
• Machine "Azhur-4" for 392,000 rubles. manufactures decorative twisted pipe.
• Cutting machine "OS - 7" for 71,000 rubles. designed to prepare blanks for production.

Total: investment in equipment will amount to RUB 1,477,970.

Calculation of monthly profit of a blacksmith's workshop. Option "Optimal".

Let's look at them in more detail.

This small set of tools is designed to make blacksmithing easier; it is supplemented depending on the goals and capabilities of the master, but it is quite enough to start your own business. Experienced forge masters make many of these devices on their own, the reason for this is the low functionality of industrial designs.

As development progresses, it will be possible to take a closer look at more serious CNC equipment to automate the production of forged products.

In addition to the above equipment, for a successful metal forging business, you also need to stock up on stamps.

Hot metal forging.

Metal forging with preheating is used in cases where, in order to shape large enough products, it is necessary to deform without destroying the material. In a heated state, the metal becomes more plastic and allows various manipulations with it without fear of chips, cracks and other troubles.

The manual labor of a hot forging master is highly valued. This labor-intensive process allows you to create real works of art. Metal roses and lilies, striking in their precise repetition of the lines and sizes of natural flowers. Each product that comes out of the hands of such a master is unique. It will not be possible to repeat the plan twice on hot material: in any case, there will be differences.
Hot forging also has its unpopular features. Firstly, the economic side of the issue: the cost of fuel for forge (chamber) furnaces has not been canceled and this increases the cost of the final product. Secondly, there are difficulties with calculations, because due to the thermal expansion of the metal, the released part is in a hot state more than in a cold state. Consequently, in order for the product to comply with the drawings, it is necessary to make allowance for the compression of the metal during cooling, and for inexperienced craftsmen this is a significant difficulty. When producing products with significant mass, it is also necessary to install additional equipment for transportation, usually mechanical or electric hoists.
The main tools for hot forging of metal include pliers, a sledgehammer, a set of hammers of various shapes and weights, all kinds of punches, crimpers and smoothers, chisels and handbrake tools. Everything that can help give ductile metal the desired shape.

The metal forging business, like many other businesses, begins with a simple hobby. After you have given samples of your products to your friends and acquaintances, word of mouth begins to work and the first clients appear. By this point, you already have experience and some confidence in your “new” job. Confidence helps you communicate with strangers. But don’t forget that you need to constantly improve your skills and experiment.

Your first products will be simple and, in a sense, even primitive, but over time, if you understand that metal forging is truly your business, you will learn to do something that many others will not be able to do. It is also worth adding that each forging master has his own characteristics and his own style in his work, which has been developed for many years and is precisely thanks to which new clients are drawn to him.

You should start your business with minimal investment. If you break down the start of a metal forging business step by step, you will probably get the following picture:

• Education
• Writing a business plan
• Search for premises
• Purchase of forging equipment
• Work as self-promotion
• First clients - first orders
• Main job
• Development – ​​expansion

An important point at the very beginning of a business is studying your region, your future competitors and markets.
You know:

• How many companies and individual entrepreneurs are engaged in metal forging in your region?
• What is the demand for forged products?
• Where do your competitors buy material and at what prices?
• Main markets for products?
• Is this production seasonal?
• What advertising works best in your region?
• What is the average check amount?
• What is the average number of clients over different periods?
• Which forged products are in greatest demand?

In general, the better your research, the more accurate your business plan will be, which will be the key document in your business.
In the business plan, you also need to reflect your uniqueness in your work, which is called indicating your individuality.
If you do not have money to purchase equipment, but after drawing up a business plan you have confidence in your business, try contacting the employment center to receive a subsidy. Many small entrepreneurs manage to receive start-up capital free of charge.

When starting a metal forging business, you should understand that the concepts of cold forging and hot forging are absolutely compatible things. Since both cannot exist without each other. It is impossible to make a stamp on a part without first heating it. There are also parts that need and can be shaped without heating them, which is called cold.

Room. Forging workshop.

Compared to the ancient Russian forge, the modern forging workshop has changed a lot. In the old days, a blacksmith made small items. Routine work included horseshoes or rims for cart wheels and all kinds of household utensils. The pinnacle of creativity of blacksmiths of that time were swords and sabers. Some examples of the work of ancient gunsmiths are still pleasing to the eye in museums today. The production of all this does not require large premises, so the forge of that time was not very large. However, the idea of ​​a blacksmith’s workplace was formed precisely during that period. If the conversation turns to it, our imagination draws us a furnace, an anvil, a hammer and a container filled with water to cool the metal.

Today the forging workshop is a technologically advanced and largely automated production. Sledgehammer blows replaced mechanical hammers. Manual work was given over to programmable machines. The small space expanded to huge areas, divided between assembly, painting, and element creation workshops. The variety of premises varies depending on the type of production. Heating the metal to the deformation temperature was no longer necessary: ​​the hot cutting was replaced by threading using industrial shears.

Large production is unthinkable without significant progressive changes. However, with the increase in the volume of output, its individuality was lost somewhere. The same type of railings and stairs, bars and fences filled everything around. And it was precisely thanks to this that the craft work of the blacksmith began to be revived. Exclusive things have always been in price, and now, when everything around is the same, standing out against the background of monotonous hedges, a hand-forged fence elevates the status of its owner above the rest. Unique forged products are in demand more than ever before. This creates favorable soil for the development of small businesses in the field of artistic metal forging.

To start your own business in metal forging, a room in the form of a garage measuring 6x4 meters, which equals 24 sq.m., will be enough.

The following zones must be located in the room:

Slipway - approximate size 200x200 cm
Desk – 200x80 cm
Procurement zone – 350x40 cm
Rack for metal – 250x50 cm
Ventilation area – 150x100 cm

Process and technology for the production of forged products.

The algorithm for creating a forged product is in most cases very similar. It can be divided into certain stages.

Stage one or what we will actually do. This is the period of searching for drawings, drawings or simply prototypes for a future creation. There are no difficulties with this - fortunately, the Internet and print media have devoted a lot to this issue, and city streets are often full of forged jewelry. Especially talented individuals can independently develop the design of their product.

Stage two – purchase of metal. The standard metal profile has a length of 6 meters. The quantity of material should be planned in such a way that there is no need for a second visit to the supplier or warehouse later. It's better to make some reserve. There are quite a few cases of its application in practice. From a simple error when calculating the material, to accidentally damaged elements during the production process.

After the delivery of metal raw materials, stage number three often arises: pre-processing of raw materials or simply cleaning from rust and dirt. The material could get dirty during transportation, and its surface becomes covered with corrosion due to the fact that most metal depots do not bother to build a covered warehouse or even a canopy over rolled metal products.

The fourth stage is already carried out at the blacksmith’s main workplace and involves the manufacture of a frame. For some products it may not be needed, but it is still worth pointing out the features of its production. The frame must have perfectly even corners and match the dimensions. In artistic forging, the frame size is measured along the outer sides.

Stage five. Drawing. Image of the product in a one-to-one scale on a handy surface for subsequent measurements and cutting of metal raw materials. Measuring the length due to the figured shape of the elements is most easily done with a rope: we lay it on top of the drawn line, then, in an unfolded form, apply it to the rod. After this, the required part of the metal is cut off. Everyone understands about maintaining accuracy in all the above-described manipulations.

When assembling products, the production of small elements is always required. The sixth stage will be their creation. Smooth workpieces are given the shape conceived by the master by deformation using the devices described above. If the assembly of the final product requires many similar parts, it is necessary to make them as identical as possible.

By all rules, the seventh stage should imply the collection of all elements into a single creation. Here it is almost never possible to do without adjusting the parts to each other. Trim here, tweak here, the main thing is not to get carried away and not distort the originally intended product. To do this, you need to check the drawing each time. When you are sure that all the parts have been assembled correctly, secure them in place with light welding.

Stage eight. Final welding of all elements together. If it is a lattice or fence, then after boiling all the elements on one side, you need to turn it over and repeat the procedure on the other side. It should be remembered that after the final welding of the elements, it will be impossible to change the type of product. Before you start welding, you should check everything carefully again.

After the product has acquired its almost final appearance, it is necessary to remove all excess. This is the ninth stage. Welding scales do not in any way decorate products for interior or facade decoration, nor do rough welds. The former must be removed, and the latter must be cleaned until the desired smooth shape is formed.

The tenth stage is often associated with decoration products. This is the time to decorate the product. There is a large selection of welding elements available for wrought iron products. When choosing, you should give preference only to options that are similar in style. Different styles of decorating elements can ultimately ruin all the efforts of the master.

The eleventh stage is necessary due to the metal's susceptibility to corrosion. The finished product should be primed and painted. The primer for these purposes should be chosen in an inverse color both in relation to the metal and in relation to the paint. This will make it easier to see flaws in the application. This type of product coating is required for outdoor elements, but if the forged element is located indoors, to save money, you can limit yourself to just a layer of paint.

Stage twelve or how to increase the cost of the finished product. It consists of performing additional activities to decorate the product. Examples include giving the effect of aging or gilding of individual elements. It all depends on the taste of the master or the requirements of the customer, the main thing here is not to overdo it. As they say: the best is the enemy of the good.

Sales of products.

To organize your own good product market, you need to decide on the demographic for which this product is actually suitable and make sure that this potential client wants to buy it here. So for standard products produced by cold forging, such as stairs, railings, gratings, the choice of buyers is very, very wide. However, a business limited only to the production of such products will not always be able to overcome the competition of large factories and industrial associations that have devoted many decades to this issue.

Buyers for artistic forging are more difficult to find, but competition for this item is quite acceptable. Decorative metal products are often needed by people with good or moderate incomes who want to decorate their homes, as well as wealthy offices for decorating office facades. The experience of cooperation with construction teams engaged in the construction of individual houses, cottages, estates or administrative buildings will also be positive. They will take upon themselves the coordination of product sketches with clients, and all you have to do is complete your work on time and with high quality.

It’s good if the work is done to order, but this also needs to be earned. A person usually trusts either something that someone has already tried and given personal positive recommendations, or a well-known brand that will not fail to maintain their own reputation. Any company, even the smallest one, can make its brand popular through advertising. The main thing is not to miss when choosing funds.

The following PR moves are suitable for artistic forging:
- personal contact with the consumer. A face-to-face conversation always gives better results than empty chatter on the phone. The buyer will be more likely to be interested in you if he personally sees your work and is convinced of your professionalism.
- advertising in the media. The cheapest and most expensive type of advertising at the same time. It all depends on the choice of location. The most affordable option is free. This is an advertisement on the Internet on popular sites that have a suitable contingent of visitors. The most expensive is television. The roller will hit your pocket hard at the most opportune time.
- outdoor types of advertising in “suitable” places, for example, a billboard near the entrance to a new cottage community, the construction of which is in full swing.

In any case, you can find a bunch of options both for a well-earning business and for beginners, for whom advertising is a necessary event, but due to the low turnover it is low budget. For industries that have not yet reached full strength, advertising on the Internet or simply submitting an ad in a newspaper is suitable. At the initial stage, you should not shell out money for expensive television or radio commercials; the effect of them is not always immediately visible, and the cost is not always reasonable. Remember, your money should not be wasted.

Costs and profit per unit of production:

This calculation shows that having spent 9,905 rubles on production and sold for 29,700 rubles, you get a pretty good profit.

Investments in a metal forging business.

Equipment:

Necessary elements for the production of forged products - 200,000 rubles.
Grinding machine – 2,000 rub.
Welding machine – 10,000 rubles.
Compressor – 15,000 rub.
Welder's table - 20,000 rubles.
Rack – 10,000 rub.
Slipway – 15,000 rub.
Cutting machine - abrasive - 15,000 rubles.
Ventilation – 15,000 rub.

Total for equipment: RUB 302,000.

Premises:
Rent of premises – 30,000 rubles. per month

Grand total: RUB 412,000.

If the business plan is implemented correctly, the payback period for the business should not exceed 6 months.

Options for manufacturing forged products.

Artistic forging— production of decorative and household items from metal using forging methods. After such processing, the products receive a final appearance that has not only practicality, but also artistic value and functional decoration. Metal art products have always been valued. In the 21st century, the production of forged products is a highly profitable business with an inexpensive cost of entry into the business. Let's look at the details of opening a business and a blacksmith shop.

Modern blacksmithing usually produces gates, fences, architectural elements of buildings, garden furniture and decorative elements, forged stairs and railings, furniture and interior items. And the list is not complete. Modern technologies make it possible to realize almost any fantasy in metal.

In everyday classification, forging is divided into two types - hot and cold forging.

Hot forging- a classic type of forging metal processing by heating products to high temperatures and giving them a finished shape using mechanical action - under a press, hammer, hammer and other tool. It is used for the manufacture of piece, unique, complex and very individual products.

Cold forging— the main processes of this approach are bending of finished rolled metal and its forming. A modern type of metal processing, where, using various types of mechanical action, the metal is stamped, bent, and takes on its final shape. So-called forged elements are manufactured, which are then assembled into the final product. Used for mass production of standard metal products. Suitable for products for which increased requirements for reliability and individuality are not applied.

Since we want to open a highly profitable forging business with a low opening cost, a cold forging workshop will be the most preferable. Let's consider the moments of such blacksmithing.

We are opening a blacksmith shop for artistic forging. Business plan

Cold forging imposes a number of restrictions. The production of forged elements occurs from standardized rolled metal - round and square pipes of certain cross-sections, sheet metal, metal rods and strips, therefore, the equipment used for cold forging can only work with the specified range of rolled metal on standard templates. Consequently, the range of products obtained is limited by the capabilities of the equipment. But don’t worry, you can combine standard complex and simple forging forms with each other as you wish, which means you can easily create a completely original product.

The advantages of such forging are also obvious - the availability and low cost of the range of finished metal products, equipment from different manufacturers is interchangeable for finished products and there is no need to stop the workshop for re-equipment. A wide selection of ready-made equipment in terms of price and operating principle allows you to “assemble” a workshop gradually, based on financial capabilities.

So, for example, equipping a workshop with manual mechanical machines (equipment) will cost you 100-200 thousand. Such a workshop, due to physical limitations, will not be able to produce products en masse, but the business will already be working - you can serve 5-10 orders per month .

And equipping the workshop with similar but semi-automatic electromechanical or hydraulic machines will allow you to produce forged products in large quantities, up to 500 pieces per shift, which will expand the number of orders served to 50-100 per month. However, the cost of equipping such a workshop will cost you 1.5-3 million rubles.

To open a production workshop you will need a production space of about 80 m². The workshop must comply with fire safety standards, since it will involve working with welding and hot metal.

Mandatory equipment for the workshop are:

• Racks for rolled metal and finished forged products,
• Cutting machine or scissors. Allowing you to cut the required length of rolled metal and form a cutting angle.
• Pipe bending machine. Allows radius bending of pipes of various profiles and diameters.
• Bending machine. Essential for the production of basic bent forged products.
• Rolling machine. Allows you to apply a relief pattern to metal and process the edges of the product.
• Twisted Pipe Machine. Allows you to produce a “twisted” pipe or rod.
• Presses. For the production of small, uniform forged design elements.
• Horn. The forming of some elements such as metal balusters, peaks, etc. requires preheating the metal.
• Assembly table with welding machine. Welding of finished forged elements into a single structure according to the order sketch. The device is standard for MMA or TIG welding.
• Spray booth. Where the finished products are painted and dried.

As a rule, sellers of equipment for a forging shop provide free advice and provide the necessary support (necessary documents, business plan) for opening a cold forging shop.

We invite you to watch a video showing manual equipment for cold forging

Also, you can watch a video showing the operation of a universal cold forging machine

The profitability of a forge shop easily reaches 300% of the cost of the rolled metal used. Since it has traditionally been the case that the cost of a forged product is measured in square meters, and starts from 2,000 rubles per square meter. Thus, a forged grille for a window measuring 2 square meters will cost the customer at least 4 thousand rubles, and the set of rolled metal necessary for the manufacture of such a grille will cost a maximum of 400 rubles (a linear meter of rolled metal starts from 30 rubles). The “blacksmith” takes the rest of the cost for the work and consumables - paint, welding, work on machines.

Artistic metal forging is not very expensive, but quite a profitable business idea. This project can be implemented in any city and district, village and regional center.

What it is?

Artistic forging products have recently become quite widespread. These are textured gates and fences made of metal, balcony frames and gratings. These beautiful products are also used for front gardens and as fences in cemeteries.

In former times, the artistic forging method was used to produce all these items. This required special equipment and tools. A workshop was also needed where the forging process itself took place. However, over time, everything changed.

The old technology was replaced with a new, more improved one. It's called cold. At the same time, products are produced whose appearance resembles ancient ones, but forging in a forge is not used in their production.

First steps

In order for the planned project to be successful, you will need to have at least the minimum necessary equipment, have ingenuity and good physical strength. An idea can become a reality and allow you to make money only if a competent business plan is drawn up.

Artistic forging will bring the desired profit if all points of this document are strictly observed. The business plan should consider all the details of the future project, including the location where the workshop will be located and the choice of necessary equipment.

Stages of business development

The choice of location where the workshop will be located is of great importance. Currently, a large number of elite class villages are being built. The houses in them will belong to successful entrepreneurs, officials, and the Russian elite. The location of the workshop on the way to these places should be included in the business plan being drawn up. In this case, artistic forging will quickly become in demand.

However, it is not always possible to achieve our plans. Therefore, you will need to provide for the costs of conducting an advertising campaign on the Internet. They should also be taken into account during the period when a business plan is being drawn up. Art forging can be advertised through advertisements on street billboards, on television and in local media. Only in this case will the business idea begin to take on real shape.

Selecting a room

The next stage in business development will be finding a place for a future workshop. In this case, the premises must have an area of ​​at least one hundred square meters and be equipped with sewerage, water supply, and electricity supply. If the scale of the future project is small, then a garage will be enough.

Equipment

The clause that provides for the purchase of a small universal machine should also contain a business plan being drawn up. Artistic forging does not require the purchase of expensive equipment produced by a foreign manufacturer. A domestic machine designed for the production of “crow’s feet”, “peaks” and “baskets” can be purchased. The resulting blanks, then brought to marketable condition, will help you get your first money.

An artistic forging machine from a domestic manufacturer can perform spirals, curling, and longitudinal twisting. This universal equipment will need to be supplemented with the following:

Drilling machine;

Welding machine;

Bulgarian;

Other small improvised tools.

Purchasing good equipment will increase the profitability of your business to impressive heights. Ideally, it is advisable to equip the workshop with machines designed for twisting, bending and applying designs to the strip. It is also advisable to have equipment for forming, sizing, pressing, stamping and straightening.

Products in the creation of which artistic forging was used will be of high quality if you use such specialized equipment as a semi-automatic vertical press with a force of up to one hundred tons, saws designed for cutting metal, a lathe and milling machine. Spray guns will be required for painting finished products, and shelving will be required for storing tools and workpieces. All this equipment can be purchased for 3-4 million rubles.

Required material

After equipping the workshop with equipment, you will need to invest money in the purchase of consumable raw materials and hardware. First of all, these should be metal rods with a diameter of eight to twenty millimeters. Such consumables will be required for the manufacture of spiral curling and longitudinal twisting to obtain a “basket”.

Do-it-yourself artistic forging will require squares and corners, sheets and pipes. As a rule, the range of procured raw materials directly depends on the type of order. As for the characteristics of the metal, experienced blacksmiths recommend purchasing low-carbon steel marked “St0”, “St1”, and also “St2”. This material is best suited for artistic forging.

The list of consumables includes paint intended for anti-corrosion protection. You can even buy a car. Two or three layers of such paint will highly reliably protect products from exposure to adverse factors.

Cleaning and cutting wheels, primer and electrodes, as well as solvents must be purchased as consumables.

Assortment list of products

If you are organizing a workshop where you will produce artistic forging with your own hands, samples should be displayed in the room to demonstrate the products to clients. For clarity, an advertising colorful booklet with finished products or a photo album can be issued. It is advisable to place high-quality photographs of products on your own website on the Internet.

The finished product will look good even before entering the workshop itself. You can place garden benches and window bars there.

A workshop for the production of artistic forged products can produce gates and fences, iron furniture and fireplace accessories, exclusive lamps and benches, awnings and window grilles, as well as much more.

Features of the technology

The production process in which artistic forging is performed has its own characteristics. First of all, it is characterized by minimal costs for purchasing equipment, which makes it possible to make the price of finished products affordable.

In addition, artistic forging, the equipment for which in the form of a press, hammer and hydraulic apparatus is made independently, will pay for itself within a short period - from one week to a month. Such machines can, if necessary, be transported to another room.

Artistic forging, done with your own hands, does not require special skills and knowledge, because mastering a hammer, press and other necessary equipment cannot be called a complex process.

At its core, cold forging is a process in which a fairly thin sheet of metal is bent. The material does not require preheating. The purchased rod is cleaned of rust with a metal brush, which is put on the grinder. Next, the frame of the future product is assembled on any flat surface (table, workbench, etc.).

The corners are welded. Then the future pattern is applied to the asphalt or chipboard, its elements are measured, and the rod is cut according to their sizes. In order to deform the workpieces, a special device is created, which consists of two pins welded to a flat surface at a distance of two to three centimeters from each other.

After this, the rods are bent with a hammer. During the production process, the workpiece must be constantly compared with the stencil. The next stage is assembly, and after that – welding. The elements are laid out on the stencil in such a way as to assemble the required pattern. Excess pieces of rods must be cut off. The product is welded first on one side and then on the other.

Shutdown

The next step is cleaning and welding ready-made forging elements, which are purchased in advance, to the product. The metal is then coated with white primer and painted. To make the product more attractive, it can be aged and gilded, and it will practically not differ from what was forged in a forge.