Interior door design drawing. Designs of interior doors. Tools for making a wooden door

Modern interior doors are distinguished by a large selection of designs, types of construction, materials used and functionality. The choice is taken seriously, since their beauty affects the prestige of the home, and functionality determines the quality of life in it.

With their help, redevelopment and division of space into functional zones is carried out. In addition, guests involuntarily pay attention to truly beautiful doors. Proper installation of interior doors guarantees against drafts and excessive noise. You can install them correctly yourself, or you can trust the professionals.

Types of interior designs

Interior doors differ in the material they are made of:

• Solid wood. The material is traditional for elite-class structures, both double and single-panel. Especially Finnish ones, made from high quality wood.
• Laminated or veneered MDF or chipboard. These doors are distinguished by high performance properties and good appearance at a relatively low cost. Products from Finnish manufacturers are of high quality.
• Glass. The use of glass doors has no restrictions, either operational or installation location. But installation of glass structures requires extreme care and precision.
• Plastic. A good alternative where using wooden ones is not practical.

The following types of structures exist:

• According to the opening method - hinged and sliding. The latter are usually sliding, compartment and folding, which differ in “accordion” and “book”. Particularly popular are compartment doors, which save space. The most traditional installation is swing doors.
• According to the internal structure of the canvas - panel and panel. This applies more to hinged wooden ones, rather than glass and plastic ones.
• In terms of external design - solid and with inserts.

There are options for single- and double-leaf, right-handed and left-handed designs. The choice of double-leaf doors is determined by the width of the opening. Using double doors provides a certain convenience. In addition, the appearance of double structures is always more presentable.

Tools and installation steps

Installation begins with the preparation of the necessary tools and consumables. You will need:

• Drill.
• Screwdriver.
• Hacksaw.
• Roulette.
• Level.
• Plumb.
• Corner.
• Chisels.
• Pencil.
• Fasteners: screws and dowels.
• Polyurethane foam.
• Putty and grouting kit.
• Wedges, spacers.

The correct technology includes the following steps:

• Removing the old door and preparing the doorway. You can dismantle it using a crowbar. If the frame structure will be used, it must be dismantled carefully.

In this case, it is better to dismantle the box using more gentle tools. The hinges can be removed simply by unscrewing the screws. Removing the locks and handles is just as easy. Platbands can also be dismantled without damaging their surfaces.

• The opening is cleared. If necessary, it can be reduced or increased.
• Box installation. In the case of compartment doors it is not required. The box can also be reduced or expanded.
• Installation of canvas. Or two in the case of double-leaf structures.
• Insertion of fittings.
• Doorway trim.
• Installation of extensions and platbands.

Box installation

If the dismantling of the old box is carried out efficiently, you can use it. Replace only if severely worn.

It is correct to begin the installation of wooden products with the assembly and installation of the frame. For this purpose, a scheme is first thought out.

You can replace old doors with new ones by purchasing the latest ones in the store.

It is recommended to purchase products from famous companies, for example, Finnish ones. Ready-made structures do not require assembly. This applies to a greater extent to glass and plastic doors. The coupe also comes fully equipped.

In this case, the diagram is simplified until the dimensions of the doorway are adjusted. Extras are used for this. If the opening needs to be reduced, it is broken up and leveled with plaster. To reduce the size of the box, excess parts of the racks are cut off.

The following assembly options are available: using self-tapping screws or using the tongue-and-groove principle. The methods of connecting the racks also differ depending on the angle of cutting the edges - 45 or 90 degrees.

The installation rules and procedures are as follows:

• The assembled frame must be placed in the opening and secured with wedges and spacers.
• After this, it is leveled in planes.
• Then it is attached to the wall. This is done correctly with anchors or dowels. You can replace them with self-tapping screws. The frame is drilled at three points, and marks are made on the walls for dowels. The walls are drilled, after which the dowels can be inserted. A gap of 1-2 cm is allowed between the wall and the frame.
• The cavities foam. Excess foam is removed, and the cracks are sealed with putty.

Preparing a doorway for a coupe consists only of finishing it. The opening is the supporting structure for the guides along which the compartment doors will “run” on rollers. The length of the guides can be reduced or increased if necessary. Installation and dismantling of glass and plastic boxes is no different from wooden ones.

Installation of the canvas

The installation of single- and double-leaf sashes, wooden, plastic or glass, is the same. The compartment canvas can simply be inserted into the guides.

The scheme, order and rules of operation are as follows:

• Hinges are required at the end of the door and on the frame. To do this, samples are taken of them according to specific sizes. The loops are applied and outlined with a pencil or knife. Recesses are cut out along the resulting contours using a chisel.
• The entry points are marked and holes for fasteners are drilled, after which the hinges are screwed. Double doors use two sets of hinges.
• The canvas is hung.
• The hinges are lubricated and their operation is checked.

The sliding door leaf is hung using the hanging elements supplied in the kit. Installation of glass sheets consists of adjusting the seats on the frame to the hinges mounted at the factory and ready for installation.

Installing plastic doors is even easier. The structure is supplied assembled. The canvas is hung after installation and inspection of the box exhibition.

The only difficulty is how to adjust an interior door of this type. Usually this is done by specialists, and therefore it is better to entrust the installation to them.

The plastic door leaf must be inserted into the hinges, after which the smooth movement of the doors and the operation of the handle are checked. When detecting distortions, sagging and loose fit to the frame, use manuals that provide detailed instructions on how to adjust an interior plastic door.

Hinges of this design are equipped with adjusting bolts, which can be turned with a screwdriver to select the ideal position of the sash. If the handles are loose, remove the decorative trims and check the tightness of the screws. The technology for adjusting glass structures is largely similar.

Installation of fittings and opening design

Ready-made doors are supplied with fittings already installed. It is better to purchase work by Finnish masters. Products from Finnish companies stand out for their better quality.

You can install handles and locks yourself. To cut wooden doors into the leaf, you will need a router or drill with crown attachments. For glass, the technology is somewhat different. It is better to leave this work to specialists.

The operating rules are as follows:

• The lock and handles should be placed at a height of one meter from the floor. Therefore, first the location of their location is marked with boundaries based on actual dimensions.

You can see the rules in the video:

• The door leaf cutouts are being prepared. First, a sample is made from the end part for the latch and the door lock fastening bar. Several holes are made with a drill, which are processed with a chisel to the required size. After this, the front and inner parts of the canvas are drilled. This is done with a crown of smaller diameter so as not to damage the coating. Then the holes for the handle and lock are expanded to the desired size.
• Now you can install the lock body and handles. Holes are made to mount the plate and it can be installed.
• The location of the answer on the frame is determined, and samples are also made under it and the tongue. The strike plate can be inserted and secured, after which decorative trims can be installed.

Next, you need to install extensions and platbands. The methods of fastening the latter may be different. They are nailed or placed on glue. Sometimes all options are used. Finished products are purchased in the store.

Platbands are not used for compartments. The guides and sliding mechanism are covered with special decorative strips. At the final stage, the threshold is set.

Modern interior designs are numerous regarding the materials used and their actual design. The choice of interior buildings for a home or office is made based on a number of conditions: opening system, external data, device reliability.

Types of interior doors by opening method

There are six key interior doors on the market for interior door products according to the opening/closing method: sliding, hinged, book-shaped, folding, rotary, pendulum.

Hinged interior devices - pros and cons

Single-leaf hinged interior model, photo

These are classic door designs with hinge fastening. Depending on the fittings used, the doors open in one or both directions at the same time.

Important! All fittings in such doors are easily replaceable.

To choose the right swing doors, you need to know their design features and types.

Types of swing structures:

• Single-leaf products are easy to use and used everywhere;
• Double doors are often installed in spacious rooms and are equipped with two leaves.

All swing doors are divided into the following types:

• Solid. They have a flat and smooth surface. The canvases are made of wood or using a frame;
• Milled ones are used to create masonite doors. The immediate depth of the cutter affects the thickness of the blade; thanks to this approach, the product acquires a solid appearance;
• Paneled panels are made from binding and frame. The structure is divided into separate parts, each of which has a frame and a unique content. Plywood, wood, glass, fiberboard are used for filling;
• Glass products are used to delimit and visually expand space;
• Metal-plastic interior doors are more often used for office premises. This kind of product is moisture resistant and cuts out noise well.

Advantages of swing systems:

• Fits perfectly into a modern interior;
• Extensive model range;
• Availability;
• Reliability;
• Huge range of materials;
• Wide range of colors;
• Easy to use.

The disadvantages include the following points:

• It is necessary to control that the product does not sag;

Important! To avoid deformation of the floor covering, limiters are installed.

• Takes up space when open.

Sliding interior systems

Interior sliding products

The design of this kind of interior door includes the following components:

• Cloth;
• Box mounted in the opening;
• Guides. This structural element is responsible for the direct movement of the web;
• Accessories.

The building fabric is made whole or from several parts. The number of canvases is determined by the width of the opening.

Important! Despite the variety of models, the mechanisms for opening interior doors are of the same type, and the products themselves differ only in appearance.

The most popular types:

• Sliding doors;
• Cascade;
• Harmonic;
• With several doors;
• Radial.

Regarding the type of swinging, the following types of interior doors are distinguished:

• Sliding buildings consist of a single-leaf leaf, which “rides” on a special roller mechanism in different directions;
• Sliding double doors. The design feature is two doors that move apart in opposite directions when swung open. But the plowing method depends on the type of roller mechanism - coordinated or independent. When using a coordinated mechanism, if you open one door, the second one automatically starts moving. An independent mechanism is not endowed with such abilities;
• Cassette doors. With this device, at the moment of swinging open, the canvas hides into the wall.

Before giving preference to sliding products, let's get to know their strengths and weaknesses.

Positive points:

• Space saving;
• The closing of the valves is not affected by a draft;
• The ability to open the doors without effort;
• It is possible to automate the design;
• No thresholds.

The disadvantages include the following:

• When closed, the doors do not fit tightly to the frame, so sound and heat insulation is reduced;
• There are restrictions regarding the shape of the opening;

Important! If you purchase a device with cheap fittings, this will affect the performance of the product.

Internal doors

Interior model in the form of a “book”

These systems differ from classic models in that they do not require much free space when plowing, so they save space. They are designed in such a way that when they swing open, the doors fold.

In most cases, book doors have two leaves, but their number is adjustable. The sashes are made symmetrical or asymmetrical.

The door elements open in one or two directions at the same time. Door transoms can be located at the edge of the opening, along the wall, or extend into it.

The material of manufacture is wood or its processed products. The range of this type of interior doors is extensive. Models with mirror coating or glazing are relevant.

Interior book doors are available in a wide price range.

The advantages of this type of device:

• System security. The doors are equipped with a special mechanism that prevents sudden slamming;
• Space saving;
• Modern design;
• Easy to install.

Among the negative aspects are low sound and heat insulation.

Important! Premium models are equipped with expensive fittings and high-quality seals, which helps prevent noise from penetrating into the room.

Folding interior doors

Folding door products, photo

This type of structure is used for small apartments, but has more negative aspects than positive ones.

Advantages:

• The key advantage is significant space savings;
• Easy to install;
• Availability.

Negative points:

• There is no sound insulation. This point is influenced by the holes that can be seen throughout the structure at the top and bottom of the door, between the elements themselves;
• Does not prevent the penetration of odors; holes in the structure also play a role here;
• The service life is short;
• The abundance of moving elements leads to the door often jamming.

Interior folding doors are limited by the type of materials for manufacturing:

• Plastic. This version of the product does not last long, since all elements are made of plastic. The membranes between the structural elements are made of soft rubber-like material. But during operation they burst, the device becomes unusable and requires repair. Plastic does not withstand exposure to temperatures, and the structure becomes deformed after a short time.
• Tree. This material is preferable to use for folding devices. Since there are no plastic elements, but metal is used.

Rotary doors

Opening diagram for rotary models

A special feature of this type of interior door is the swinging system, which includes a swinging, sliding and pendulum operating principle.

Important! Rotary structures are equipped with a unique mechanism that sets the direct trajectory of the door during operation.

The door is equipped with a modern rotary-sliding mechanism, which consists of three components:

• A guide with a groove installed on top of the box;
• A swivel joint with a roller, which facilitates easy rotation of the device and smooth movement along the guide;
• A lever connected to the upper mechanism, an axis of rotation built into one of the racks of the box. Thanks to this approach, the lever ensures fixation of the canvas in space.

Pros of a rotary door:

• Versatility;
• Simple installation procedure. Since the door device is delivered assembled, the technician only needs to install it into the opening;
• Excellent sound and heat insulation. This moment is achieved thanks to a brush-type seal;
• Ease of operation;
• The originality of the opening.

The disadvantages include the following points:

• Such a mechanism is not suitable for massive doors - the heavy weight of the leaf will affect its service life;
• High price;
• The complexity of the device makes it difficult to make the door yourself.

Pendulum interior systems

This type of interior door is a type of swing system. The key difference between a pendulum device is the ability to swing open in any direction. All pendulum-type structures are equipped with a built-in spring axial mechanism into which the canvas is built.

The axial mechanism can be with or without closers.

Important! For the normal functioning of a door device with a closer, the use of additional spring elements, which are located at the top and bottom of the device, becomes a prerequisite.

Pendulum interior doors are divided into subtypes:

• Glass. The advantage of these products is durability and ease of use;
• Aluminum. These are glass doors placed in an aluminum frame;
• PVC. Classic models equipped with double-glazed windows;
• Wooden.

Advantages of pendulum systems:

• The absence of a box makes installation easier. But at the same time, due to the absence of such a structural element, sound and heat insulation is reduced;
• The lower axial mount, which bears the entire load;
• Possibility of versatile plowing;
• The closing speed of the sash is adjusted thanks to the upper axial fastening.

Negative factors:

• Poor sound insulation;
• Expensive.

Types of interior doors by material and finishing

Among the abundance of varieties of interior doors, you need to choose the right material for the device being manufactured.

Interior doors made of solid wood belong to the highest price category, since valuable types of wood are used for their production. Panel and panel products are produced.

Important! The surface of the product is covered with a special varnish and a paper-based protective film.

Advantages of wood products:

• Attractive appearance;
• Environmental friendliness;
• Moisture resistance.

Negative factors include the high price.

Veneered door products

Veneered canvases, photo

To improve the appearance of panels made from inexpensive wood, various types of coatings are used. The most common technology is gluing the surface of the product with veneer. The base is also made of chipboard, onto which veneer made of valuable wood is attached on both sides.

The use of such a door should be careful. You will have to monitor the temperature and humidity in the room. If operating conditions are violated, the used wood swells, which will lead to peeling of the coating.

Product advantages:

• The outer covering made of valuable wood gives the product an expensive look;
• Resistance to mechanical stress;
• Light weight;
• Availability.

However, due to direct sunlight, faded spots may appear on the surface, which becomes a disadvantage of such products.

Plastic products

Interior plastic sheets

When manufacturing, the surface of plastic panels is given a texture that thoroughly imitates wood of various species.

Key positive properties of plastic products:

• Resistance to moisture;
• Strength;
• Excellent sound and heat insulation properties.

Important! To achieve tightness of the product, elastic seals are used.

Glass interior panels

Interior glass panels

Transparent interior designs are gaining immense popularity as they help to delimit and visually expand the space. Impact-resistant glass (at least 8 mm thick) is used for manufacturing, which gives the device strength.

Positive properties:

• Visual increase in space;
• Moisture resistance;
• No deformation;
• Easy to maintain.

• Such products are afraid of being hit by sharp objects;
• Expensive;
• Labor intensive installation;
• Considerable weight.

Different models differ in appearance, cost, and functions. When choosing the material for an interior model, rely on your own tastes and preferences.

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Externally, paneled doors resemble a chocolate bar with slices of various shapes and sizes, but they look solid and aesthetically pleasing. Panels are separate elements that are inserted into the frame of the door leaf. Once upon a time, paneled doors were made exclusively from solid wood, and they were installed not only in wall openings, but also as doors on furniture cabinets. Today there are a large number of combined models on the market, the inserts of which are made from a variety of modern materials.

What are panels used for?

Interior doors are part of the interior, so their appearance is treated scrupulously. But in addition to being attractive, they must be reliable, comfortable and durable. All these parameters correspond to door blocks with paneled leaves, the design of which can be matched to many style solutions.

The design of a paneled interior door consists of several individual parts that help maintain the rigidity and geometric stability of the leaf when the humidity or temperature conditions in the room change. The secret is that the panel does not have a rigid fastening with strapping, and the dimensions of the fragments are somewhat smaller compared to the distance between the installation grooves.

Such a movable structure compensates for possible deformations of the manufacturing materials, as a result of which distortions of the door leaf do not occur.

An important point is the fact that interior panel doors are relatively light in weight. At the same time, their noise insulation has quite good indicators.

Paneled panels look much more attractive than flat and milled doors with a simple pattern. Volumetric and shaped inserts with refined lines are additionally decorated with:

• moldings, which are shaped profiles;
• chamfers with artistically hewn edges.

Without a doubt, the presence of panels on the door makes it more aesthetically pleasing and, despite its external massiveness, more elegant. And the possibility of making various forms of panels and a wide selection of manufacturing materials provides a real chance of having an exclusive, presentable model of an interior door in your home. Moreover, modern technologies allow even inexpensive products to look decent.

Panel design

The sash frame is most often made of solid wood or laminated veneer lumber. The side elements of the frame are fastened to the crossbars and mullions using spikes or dowels (chops), depending on the material of manufacture. The trim parts can have different widths and thicknesses, which should be sufficient to accommodate the panels.

Depending on the installation option and the material of the panels, the fragments are mounted into the finished frame in a workshop environment or on site. They are attached in two ways:

• the elements are alternately inserted into grooves previously cut in the sidewalls, mullions and crossbars;
• the inserts are fixed using decorative strips or glazing beads, like glass in window frames. This option allows you to easily replace panels in the door leaf if any fragment is damaged or if the door design is updated.

For a paneled door, inserts are the main decoration. The most popular materials for their manufacture are:

• tree;
• MDF and HDF;
• glass;
• plastic;
• plywood;
• sandwich panels with cellular core.

In the latter case, it becomes possible to purchase a paneled door at a lower price when compared with wooden counterparts. But in the design of the cheapest products, the internal space of the insert parts remains hollow. Quite often there are models of paneled interior doors that combine inserts from different materials in one panel. For example, at the bottom of the sash there may be a solid panel made of wood or MDF, and at the top there may be glass or stained glass.

It is difficult to confuse a paneled door with any other model. The clearly visible frame lining and thinner inserts are the characteristic features of the product that indicate its ownership from afar. It is interesting that the thickness of the volumetric (figare) panels may well be greater than the corresponding size of the skin, but their edges remain thin. Otherwise, the inserts will not be able to be fixed in the frame.

There are so-called “Pressed panel doors” on the market, but apart from the external imitation of the outlines of the inserts, they have nothing in common with real panel doors.

The buyer should remember that low-quality door leaves appear only in case of deviation from the manufacturing and assembly technology of paneled products, as well as when low-grade materials are used. Such products may simply crumble into individual elements over time.

Often, framed doors are mistaken for products with a removable frame grille installed on top of an insert that occupies the entire area of ​​the door leaf. This type of sashes has a completely different name and is only a stylization of panels, since a separate, independent fragment must be inserted into each cell.

In the manufacture of paneled doors, insert fragments are made:

• smooth, having a uniform thickness over the entire area;
• figariform, characterized by a convex middle part and thin edges;
• floating, made from blanks of the same thickness as the frame frame.

Single panels are installed in interior doors, since they do not require additional insulation, although to improve sound insulation, double inserts are used, between which an air gap is left or a layer of sound-proofing material is laid.

Finishing of interior door leaves

Paneled doors provide two main finishing options:

• continuous - with the same design of all elements;
• contrasting - with deliberate highlighting of panels due to color, texture or material.

The wooden surfaces of the canvases are treated with antiseptics and fire retardants, they are tinted and primed, and then painted. Wood boards are laminated or covered with veneer made from valuable wood species, and glass is frosted, decorated with sandblasting patterns or other available methods. There are many options, so the flight of fancy in finishing paneled doors is unlimited.

Stained glass windows look prestigious as a paneled insert in an interior door. An equally impressive decorative painting applied on both sides of the glass will help replace an expensive designer product. It is capable of creating a full-fledged imitation of stained glass.

Repair of panel doors

Even the most reliable interior door may require repair at some point. But now we won’t talk about distortion of the canvases or wear of the hinges. For paneled doors, one of the reasons for restoration is inserted fragments, namely their loosening, cracking or the need for replacement for various reasons. And if you can try to strengthen the loose elements with glazing beads, and putty and paint over small cracks, then you will have to “conjure” the replacement of individual parts.

The repair process largely depends on the design of the door leaf, in particular, on the type of panel fastening.

To replace the fragments inserted into the grooves of the frame frame, the sash will have to be removed from its hinges and disassembled. This should be done carefully, avoiding breaking the connecting pins and destroying the dowels. Experts recommend using old dowels mounted with glue for further assembly of the frame. New fasteners after drying can lead to a violation of the strength characteristics of the frame. After replacing the panels, the canvas is reassembled.

If the inserts on the paneled door leaf are secured with glazing beads or decorative strips, then eliminating defects is much easier. To do this, you don’t even need to remove the sash from its hinges, but you will need:

• remove fasteners from one side of the sash;
• pull out the panel to be replaced;
• insert a new element;
• nail or glue glazing beads, moldings or chamfers.

By the way, in terms of the material of manufacture and finishing, the installed fragments may well differ from the door trim, but only if they are all replaced. When changing only one panel, its appearance will need to be brought as close as possible to the rest of the door elements so as not to disturb the overall harmony.

The modern market offers doors made of various materials, but wooden doors remain the most popular. They are installed in residential premises and outbuildings. There are various options, differing in complexity and manufacturing method. For bathhouses and sheds, ordinary panel panels are suitable, but entrance panels are made with panels.

Homemade doors are available for execution at home. You should have high-quality material and the necessary tools. They make simple drawings and get to work. The process takes place step by step, with instructions to help beginners.

Features of products of different types

A wooden door does not lose its popularity due to the warmth of the material, environmentally friendly cleanliness and amazing natural beauty. Elite specimens and the simplest ones are made from boards, but of varying quality and purity of processing. Each type of wood also has certain properties.

When starting production, it is determined where the product will be installed. Door leaves have different types of construction, each of which is most suitable for specific purposes. You should familiarize yourself with what each type is.

Made from solid wood

The material is thick tongue-and-groove or planed boards, which are connected in one plane, forming a flat surface. The result is a shield, the individual elements of which are fastened together by horizontal or inclined jumpers, making the structure more rigid.

Use wood of uniform quality, taking into account the installation location. For the front door to the house, choose a dense one with a beautiful textured pattern.

It has these qualities:

1. 1. Oak - it produces the strongest, heaviest and most durable products. The material is difficult to process, but is little affected by changes in humidity and temperature.
2. 2. Walnut is an inexpensive wood with a beautiful, unique structure that can be given any shade. It polishes beautifully in a way that no other breed can match.
3. 3. Ash – has a wide range of shades. It is as strong as oak and very elastic.
4. 4. Cherry – much softer and easy to process. The beautiful pinkish-brown color darkens over time.

For interior doors, boards from the same species, as well as less valuable ones, are used. Operating conditions are much easier, so pine is often used. It is affordable, but very sensitive to changes in humidity and temperature. Products made from it often dry out or swell, but in a stable microclimate it is a completely acceptable material.

Alder has excellent qualities. It is resistant to water, but this is not all its advantages - the wood contains many tannins that have a beneficial effect on human health, and there are no resins at all. This has long been appreciated; doors made from it are excellent for baths and in all places where there is high humidity. In addition to the listed breeds, others are also used, but the properties and conditions are always taken into account in order to produce high-quality products.

Paneled models

To make a door with your own hands, you use boards or timber, but in modern conditions, the material obtained by gluing lamellas is often used. After finishing with veneer, it acquires the texture of natural wood. It is quite difficult to visually distinguish it from an array if it is of high quality.

The structure has a rigid frame made of laminated veneer lumber or thick floorboards. Individual elements are fastened with spikes, but now dowels are used more often. When creating a door, take into account important points:

• the strength of the canvas depends on the number of transverse parts;
• panels that are two-thirds thinner are installed in the frames;
• the materials are boards, plastic, MDF, plywood, glass;
• secured with natural or veneered glazing beads, which gives the product a finished aesthetic appearance.

The ways to design paneled doors are practically unlimited. Their designs are very diverse and can decorate any apartment. The main part of the canvas is thin, so the most rational use is installation between rooms.

Durable materials are used for manufacturing; products last no less than those made from solid wood. Of particular value are specimens made from the same natural wood or decorated with the same veneer.

Panel structures

This is a budget option with a low price, which is due to the use of low-value wood, fiberboard, and laminate. If made with high quality, the products have a completely acceptable appearance, which depends to a large extent on the cladding. The design comes in three types:

• solid ones are completely filled with timber, which are fastened together;
• hollow ones consist of a frame, crossbars, sheathed with sheet material;
• low-hollow - an intermediate option between the previous two.

The appearance is dramatically improved by the use of linden or alder plywood for covering. Two layers of 24 mm are required. This is a good basis for decorative finishing that does not deform. The cladding is complemented with profile overlays.

The ends are made neat and continuous, using smooth, well-processed timber, the color and texture of which matches the external design. If natural veneer is used, its layers are laid perpendicular to each other. The fibers of decorative plywood are also arranged in a similar way.

Depending on the quality of finishing, panel doors are installed as interior doors, in a wardrobe, bathroom, or utility room. They are easily hacked, so they can only be used temporarily as input.

Preparation for work - materials, tools

At the first stage, suitable wood is selected. It must meet the requirements:

• have no knots at all or very few;
• be well dried, with a residual moisture content of 12–15%;
• flat surface - check the tightness of the sidewalls;
• the optimal thickness is 50 mm for an entrance door, from 25 for an interior door.

The boards are sanded before use. Deciduous and coniferous species are suitable. For front doors they use hard ones - oak, beech, walnut, in other cases - mostly soft ones.

Surface finishing is carried out in various ways: natural, artificial materials, varnishes and paints are used.

Tools you will need:

• Manual frezer. They give a profile look to the elements and make groove connections.
• Portable circular saw. It is used to cut the bars into pieces of the required size.
• Grinder with grinding wheel. You can use a drill with an attachment for this purpose, but the processing will be of less quality.
• Screwdriver for assembling the door leaf.
• Carpenter's hand tools - measuring tools, mallet, hammer, chisel, square, etc.

Making a door from solid wood

At the heart of any model is a shield made of boards, correctly assembled so that it does not move. Various types of harnesses are used: Z- or X-shaped, double, triple. The scope of application is different: entrance door, interior door, for utility rooms. If it is intended for an apartment, use tongue-and-groove boards to achieve a perfectly flat and smooth surface. A design is applied to the canvas, and the relief is cut out with a milling cutter. For the bathhouse and the barn, simply adjust the elements, and attach the crossbars in the back in the form of the letter Z.

When starting work, mark the material and cut the pieces to the required length. Then they are placed in a shield, placed so that the annual rings are directed in one direction. For tongue-and-groove boards, the tenon in the end element is cut off and the end is processed. Connect using wood glue and a lock. The assembled product is clamped with clamps and left to dry. After a few days, sand to a perfectly smooth surface.

If desired, the door is made of several layers of boards, gluing each next one perpendicular to the previous one. In this way, a massive structure is obtained, suitable for the entrance to the house. The thickness allows you to choose a deep relief pattern with a cutter that will decorate the product.

Next you need to fasten the shield with strapping. The simplest type is three crossbars. Cut bars equal in length to the width of the door. On the back side of the canvas, places for the grooves are marked - the finished parts are applied and outlined with a pencil. Mark the depth, which is chosen at ½ or ⅟3 of the thickness of the board. Using the marks, grooves are selected using a router. It makes them perfectly even, the bars will fit into place easily but tightly. They push it in, tapping it with a mallet. Glue is pre-applied.

The front side can be decorated with a relief design if desired. It is applied with a pencil, you can use templates. Knives of various configurations are used, which are alternately installed on the tool, slowly choosing a pattern.

The door leaf is treated with antiseptic agents. If it is installed outdoors, it is additionally used with a water-repellent effect. When it is necessary to change the color or artificially age it, use stain. It is applied to the wood until the desired darkening appears. Additionally coated with transparent varnish.

The finished product is hung on hinges. It's heavy, and you'll need outside help. When installed in a doorway, gaps are left as shown in the figure. The parameters apply to any type of canvas.

Products with panels - an affordable way

These are the most complex designs, but if you use ready-made insert panels made of laminated chipboard, the process will be simplified. It is easy to make such doors with your own hands step by step, following the recommendations. But first, drawings of individual elements are prepared indicating the exact dimensions. Using them, there will be no problems with assembling individual parts into a single whole.

Such models are most suitable as interior ones. They buy boards with a thickness of 25 mm or more, high-quality ones, but the species is not necessarily expensive. Budget pine will serve well indoors, because the climate here is constant.

1. 1. Arm yourself with a grinder with a grinding wheel and carefully polish the material. Only a wide surface is processed; the sidewalls will subsequently be formed by a milling cutter. It is used to cut off the sharp edges of corners, but only slightly, giving a beautiful look.
2. 2. Change the knife and select a groove along the entire length of the board on one side. Its width is equal to the thickness of the chipboard, usually 16 mm. Strictly adhere to the dimensions and center of the end. The optimal depth is 15–20 mm.
3. 3. Using a hand-held circular saw, cut the ends at 45° on all four boards. You should be very careful about two things: strictly adhere to the dimensions and cutting angle. The standard side posts of the frame have a height of 200 cm, and the upper and lower crossbars correspond to the width of the canvas.
4. 4. Cut out the laminated chipboard for the panel. Its dimensions are calculated based on the internal size of the opening, to which double the depth of the groove is added. If desired, intermediate partitions are installed, in which recesses along the entire length are also selected, and small spikes are made at the ends.
5. 5. Assembly is very simple: boards are hammered onto the stove with a mallet, no glue is used. Make sure that everything is in place, there are no gaps, deviations from the parameters, or distortions. Holes are drilled and confirmations are installed - a special metal fastener, which is placed below and above.

The door with panels is ready, you can start finishing. But all the fittings are installed in front of it - locks, handles, hinges, so as not to damage the decorative coating later.

Panel version for various applications

The simplest design can be done by almost anyone who has the necessary material and good tools. The scope of work depends on the chosen model and purpose. If it is a sliding door of the coupe type, special attention is paid to the quality of finishing and material. Work begins with the frame, then the internal space is filled - all or partially. For the frame, blanks are cut from 30x120 mm boards. Their sizes correspond to the future canvas.

To connect, use the simple “half-tree” method. On the edges on each side, mark the width of the parts, make cuts to half the thickness with a hand hacksaw. Using a chisel, carefully select the wood. The work is performed on a flat surface, checking the corners. The grooves are coated with glue and connected, leaving them without moving. After drying, they are fastened with dowels, drilling 8 mm holes.

One side is covered with sheet material. Cheap fiberboard is suitable for the first layer. The frame is laid on it, marked and cut. Remove the frame, apply glue to the panel, press both parts together and leave to dry. For strength, you can insert additional partitions. After drying, the inside is filled with various waste - pieces of wood, MDF and the like. Everything is glued together, a second sheet is installed on the back side.

Decorative finishing is applied taking into account where the door will be used. If it is interior, decorate it with veneer, laminate or use other available options. The cladding cut to size is glued onto the fiberboard. It is advisable to lay a press on top, for example, sandbags or tiles. Sliding structures are made hollow so as not to weigh them down. To install them you will need special fittings.

Another way is to use slats. They are fastened with self-tapping screws, the caps are hidden under sawdust mixed with glue. After drying, polish. Attention is also paid to the ends and corners - they are processed with a milling cutter to give a finished look.

If you need to install handles and locks, think about it in advance. The body of the side frame beam may not be enough. Then a piece of good quality wood is glued to the place where the fittings are inserted.

The market offers a wide range of different doors. But sometimes it is difficult to choose a model that fully meets the owner’s needs. There are plenty of reasons - a significant difference in dimensions (block/opening), low quality products, poor external design, high cost, and so on. For a person who is familiar with household tools, making interior doors with your own hands is not a problem. In many cases, this solution is the most rational.

Preparation stage

Personally designing or assembling something requires careful analysis of many factors and selection of the most appropriate option.

Material

Considering the organization of production at home, the best option is wooden doors. There are interior models on sale made from different materials - plastics, glass, aluminum - but working with them requires not only experience, but also special tools. In addition, wood has an undeniable advantage - it is able to “breathe”, which has a beneficial effect on the microclimate in the house.

Engineering solution

Interior doors are divided into several types - hinged, folding, sliding (compartment). The models also differ in design - single-leaf, double-leaf, and one-and-a-half-leaf. Some of them have an upper extension - a transom. What is it advisable to focus on? Without professional skills, special tools, or machine equipment, you should choose a swing interior door with one leaf.

These are the most popular varieties installed inside apartments and private houses. If you study the step-by-step instructions for constructing doors of all types, then it is the swing “one-room doors” that are easier to manufacture. In addition, preparing the opening for their installation does not require complex technological operations.

Blade type

• Paneled. The advantage of interior doors in this category is their relatively light weight. The canvases consist of a wooden frame and inserts, which differ in size, material, and shape. The difficulty is that the panels will have to be fixed to it, and for this you need to select quarters in the tree. Even with professional tools (equipment) at hand, independent production of interior doors of this type (if we mean quality) is a big question. To achieve the desired result, you will have to spend a lot of time and material, the consumption of which will be significant, since the volume of rejection will increase.

• Shield. This solution is optimal. The only downside is the weight. But this problem can also be solved if you choose boards of small thickness. Since we are talking about interior doors and not entrance doors, the strength of the door leaf is not a primary factor. But there are many more advantages: ease of assembly, the possibility of any finishing (varnishing, tinting, brushing, lining with plastic, decorative film, natural veneer - different design styles are practiced), high maintainability.

In addition, the door dampens noise well and is characterized by low thermal conductivity. There is another factor that many people overlook. Wood is prone to deformation (it “plays” under the influence of changes in humidity and temperature in the house). A solid door is less susceptible to this than a paneled model, especially if the inserts are made of a different material. For example, glass, plastic.

Lumber

• The type of wood does not play a big role if subsequent finishing of the canvas and frame is planned. You can partially save on this by choosing inexpensive products. But if you decide to make a door from boards while maintaining their texture, then the answer to the question of what to buy is obvious.
• Degree of wood drying. According to SNiP, lumber with a moisture content exceeding 22% cannot be used in construction. When applied to doors, experts advise focusing on 10 - 12. Wet wood will shrink and the structure will “lead.” If the samples are thoroughly dried, then, firstly, they will cost more, and secondly, there will be difficulties with cutting them. In addition, excessively dry wood easily splits, and this will cause problems with fastening fittings and inserting locking devices.

Varieties and dimensions

• Frame. A beam with a side of 40 - 50 mm is sufficient for the frame of the canvas. It is necessary to take into account the installation location of the door, that is, how intensively it will be used. Plus - the specifics of the room at the entrance to which it is installed; Is the door supposed to be equipped with a lock, and if so, what type. The latter fully applies to canopies.
• Canvas. To reduce the weight of the interior door and facilitate the manufacturing process, it is advisable to use MDF for covering the frame. Another argument in favor of this solution is that the slab material (if it is of high quality and carefully processed) is inert to humidity and temperature. If you want to make a door from solid wood, 10 boards with a width of 150 are suitable.
• Box Rarely does anyone leave an old joint in place. If a new door is being assembled, it must be completely complete. When choosing timber, you need to take into account the thickness of the wall (partition) at the installation site. There is no other recommendation for this item other than sufficient strength of the jamb.

The choice of material is largely determined by the door drawing. The interior door leaf is made in different ways; it can be solid, hollow or “cellular”. The last option is called small-hollow.

Door diagram

• Dimensions. The initial data for calculations are the dimensions of the opening. For accuracy of calculations, its width is measured at 3 levels; similarly with height - at three points (on the sides and in the center). It is worth considering that a technological gap of 4±1 mm is left between it and the box around the perimeter. This is the outer contour of the jamb. Provided that the width of the canvas is of decisive importance, then everything else is calculated based on its required dimensions. In this case, the gap between it and the jamb (within 1 mm) is also taken into account.

In practice, it is difficult to make wooden doors with your own hands, without experience, in exact accordance with the specified values, but it is advisable to adhere to exactly these values. And the main thing is the correct shape (rectangle) of the door frame. The slightest curvatures, distortions - and problems with a tight fit of the canvas are guaranteed.

• The direction of opening the canvas. When determining it, the location of the opening in the room is taken into account; The pictures explain this well.

Manufacturing procedure

The assembly of an interior door is carried out using different methods. But if the meaning of all operations is clear, then developing your own technology is not difficult.

Box

It’s quite simple with it - assemble a rectangular structure, and only then place it in the opening. But installation is recommended only after the fabric has been manufactured. This makes it easier to mark the places where the awnings and latch (lock) are attached. Doing this on a jamb already installed in the opening is much more difficult. In addition, it is necessary to select the grooves for the door. Therefore, after the box is knocked down, you still have to return to it.

Canvas

It all depends on the chosen design, and therefore where to start - with tying or cutting MDF boards - is decided based on the door drawing.

Frame making

The technology is simple - a rectangular shape is assembled according to the size of the sash. But there are options for filling it.

• Stiffening ribs are installed in the form of vertical posts. This solution is advisable if the frame is planned to be sheathed with MDF or plywood - the strength of the coating will be ensured.

• One horizontal jumper in the center. A good solution for insulating an interior door. For example, installed in a passage leading to a cold room (utility room). The canvas is filled with expanded polystyrene, and its slabs are foamed around the perimeter.

• Leave one frame without additional elements (small-hollow design). How to fill it and whether to do it is decided depending on the specifics of the room. But this frame option is only suitable for interior doors that are covered with boards. Otherwise, there can be no talk of strength.

Fabrication

• Its dimensions are known; All that remains is to cut the MDF into 2 - 3 fragments, according to the drawn up drawing.
• The second stage is assembling the harness. That is, the frame is assembled using a ready-made canvas.

Advice. To make work easier, it is recommended to mark all workpieces. On individual samples (according to the diagram), cuts, cuts, and drillings are first made for installing door hardware elements. This is much easier than doing such work on an assembled large structure. The difficulty is that the marking must be extremely accurate.

Door processing

• It is advisable to use the antiseptic again. Since material sampling and drilling were done, certain areas may be “exposed.” Secondary use of the anti-rot composition eliminates this disadvantage.
• Surface design. Options are marked: stain, varnish, veneer, film - depending on the design concept.

Preparation for installation

At this stage, latches, eyes, handles and hinges are installed on the canvas. The box is placed in the opening, aligned and securely fixed.

All that remains is to hang the door, align the second half of the canopy with the mounting holes and secure it with self-tapping screws (included in the kit).

“Finishing chord” - checking the correct operation of the canvas, tightness, absence of distortions; If deficiencies are identified, eliminate them. All further measures - insulation of the opening, installation of platbands, decorative design - are a slightly different topic.

Making an interior door at home is quite possible. Success largely depends on proper work planning, choosing the optimal design scheme and your own diligence. And quality is ensured by a good tool, the purchase of which is not worth regretting.