When can you plant potatoes in a year? Planting potatoes in May - which days are the most favorable in spring? Effect of planting period on yield

Summer residents are familiar with the following definition: favorable days for planting crops on the site. Some gardeners carry out all actions related to caring for their garden strictly in accordance with the location of the moon. It doesn't matter whether they grow carrots or onions. Is it worth trusting lunar calendar when growing potatoes, let's try to figure it out in the article.

The yield of a crop largely depends from climatic and weather conditions , soil quality, seedlings, soil care and fertilizers, as well as many other factors.

The priority should be weather conditions, not the state of the moon

Among these factors is the location of the moon. However, if you take into account such a calendar, then there are few favorable days.

When to plant in May

In almost all regions, except the southern one, potatoes are planted in May. The soil is already sufficiently warmed up, and warm days allow you to calmly plant the crop without the risk of freezing.

However, in May there are not many favorable days, based on the lunar calendar, on which you can plant potatoes:

In the first decade	May 4, 7, 8, 9
In the second decade	the luckiest day is May 19
In the third decade	two days 24 and 31 May

If you follow the recommendations of astrologers, you need to pre-plan the landing day and prepare the material. To do this, it should be removed from the cellar or storage place in advance, dried, and given time to warm up in the air.

When the tubers sprout, you can start planting. By following all the rules, you can significantly increase productivity.

When can you sow seeds?

Potato seeds can be purchased in specialized stores or collected from your garden in the fall.

Purchased seeds are much easier to obtain than to collect yourself

In the still green potato fruits, which resemble green berries, there are seeds. These seeds are suitable for biological propagation of potatoes.

If you sow seeds in a container, seedlings will appear within a week. It is necessary to prepare seedlings for transplanting into soil for further cultivation.

You need to plant seedlings in the garden at a time when the weather outside has stabilized and the air temperature remains around 15 degrees. Best time planting seedlings from seeds in open ground at the end of May.

If you rely on the lunar calendar, you should select the dates those in the waning moon.

Planting dates in different climate zones

Ural gardeners should take into account that the further north their city is on the map, the later the soil warms up. We need to make sure that the night frosts end. Since Siberia is quite large, each area has its own time for potatoes.

In most places it will not be possible to sow until mid-May. In Irkutsk, it is recommended to plant the plant after May 20. In the conditions of Karelia, planting mid-late and late varieties not advisable.

IN middle lane Russia the most favorable time for landing potatoes 6, 7, 8, 9, 26, 27, 28 May. In the South, it is good to plant early ripening varieties in April. IN southern regions You can get twice the harvest per season.

The beginning of April is suitable for planting mid-season varieties in the south.

Generally accepted planting dates for potatoes

Most people, according to established tradition, plant potatoes in early May. But generally accepted standards are not suitable for every region.

Plant potato need to into warm soil, if planted earlier, the fruit will grow poorly or even freeze. It is also impossible to delay planting potatoes. The soil may dry out and this will also affect the yield.

According to statistics, the deviation from the deadlines should not be more than 10 days in one direction or another.

Unheated soil will negatively affect the success of planting

The influence of the moon on productivity

Not everyone follows the recommendations to garden in phases. Therefore, some people get better harvests, while others get worse. Although it could be neighbors. The lunar location has a direct effect on all living beings, as well as on all plants.

Based on this, it is possible provide for the lunar factor before the dacha work. Referring to the lunar calendar is non-standard approach to obtain a rich and high-quality harvest.

Planting potatoes according to the lunar calendar

Among experienced gardeners There has always been the concept of a “favorable day for planting.” The influence of the moon on planet Earth is primarily taken into account. The condition of all living organisms on the planet depends on these influences.

The lunar calendar for sowing is based on certain long-studied patterns. Namely - effects of phases on growth plant crops.

The basic rule of the calendar is to pay attention to the aging and waxing moon. If it is decreasing, then it is advisable to plant root crops that bear fruit deep in the ground.

It is not possible to scientifically prove the dependence of garden success on the lunar calendar

If there is a new moon or a waxing moon in the sky, it is recommended to plant land plants that grow on open surfaces.

Such factors are explained by the fact that during the waning moon strengthens root system . But the bush itself is not developing very well. And the opposite happens in the mirror period - land plants develop and the growth of root systems is poor.

Potatoes are one of the crops that grow downwards. Therefore, the waning period is most suitable for planting and caring for the plant. Better days You should choose by carefully monitoring the calendar.

Why you shouldn't trust such calendars

The influence of the moon on life processes has long been proven, but one must obey the requirements of this calendar only if this is confirmed by common sense.

If the calendar recommends planting potatoes in early May, but the weather suggests otherwise, then it is better to postpone planting. When the weather conditions match With " favorable days” according to the moon, then you can plan to plant the root crop on this very day.

What time to plant without a calendar

The most important thing when planting is compliance early dates seeding By meeting deadlines, the root system develops, which leads to a good harvest.

Potatoes are planted based on the following principles:

• tubers begin to grow at a soil temperature of +5 at a depth of 10 cm;
• when planting it is very important to determine exact time sowing crops. Sowing is calculated based on the variety: early ripening, mid-early, mid-ripening or late.

Potatoes are one of the staple foods of many nations. Its importance is so great that potatoes are grown not only in agriculture, but also in private gardens and summer cottages - after all, there are potatoes grown with my own hands both more pleasant and tastier. The yield of a crop depends on climatic and weather conditions, the quality of the soil and the method of its cultivation, the quality of planting material, the timeliness of preventive treatment of tubers and soil, the amount of fertilizer applied to the soil, as well as many other factors. We decided to devote our article to growing potatoes in conditions summer cottage and intend to cover the following questions:

• – timing of planting potatoes in different spring months;
• – preparing potatoes for planting;
• – preparing the soil for planting potatoes;
• – planting potatoes with tubers;
• – growing potatoes from seeds;
• – caring for potatoes after planting.

When to plant potatoes in 2018

Planting potatoes in March

Potatoes are planted in the spring, when all frosts have passed and the soil at a depth of 10-12 cm has warmed up to 7-8 ºC. At this time, the leaves of the birch tree begin to bloom, and soon the bird cherry tree begins to bloom. Most often this happens in May: in Siberia - at the end of the month, and in the middle zone, for example, in the Moscow region, potatoes can sometimes be planted already in mid-May, or even at the end of April. IN Leningrad region They start planting a week later than in Moskovskaya. But in Ukraine and the Krasnodar Territory, potatoes are planted in the middle and early April, and planting early potatoes can sometimes take place even in March.

What dates for planting potatoes this spring does the astrological calendar offer us? Favorable days for planting potatoes in March, provided that the soil has warmed up and no more frosts are expected, occur from the 27th to the 29th.

Planting potatoes in April

Favorable days for planting potatoes in April are the 9th, 11th, 22nd, 27th and 28th of the month. It is better, of course, to start planting after Easter, that is, April 22, 27 or 28. Potato tops do not tolerate frost and die at temperatures of -1-3 ºC. The optimal temperature for potato growth is considered to be from 16 to 22 ºC.

Planting potatoes in May

In the last spring month, potatoes can be planted on the following days: 4th, 7th, 9th, 19th, 24th and 31st. Ural gardeners should take into account that the further north their city is on the map, the later the earth will warm up and the night frosts will end. And Siberia is so large that in different parts of it the conditions necessary for planting potatoes occur in different time, and in some places potatoes can only be sown in early June.

Preparing potatoes for planting

Processing potatoes before planting

If you want to receive good harvest potatoes, you need to take the preparation of planting material responsibly. The tubers are sorted out, unproductive and diseased ones are discarded - those affected by rot, forming weak shoots or not forming them at all. Then the tubers need to be treated against diseases and pests. Our website already has an article about what means are used to treat potatoes against diseases, and what means against pests, and which of these means are the least toxic. Let us only recall that to repel the Colorado potato beetle, wireworms, aphids and others harmful insects the drugs used are Maxim, Matador Grand, Cruiser, Tabu, Imidor, Picus, Prestige, Commander and Celeste Top. Treating them with a solution of one teaspoon will help you protect tubers from fungal diseases. copper sulfate in 3 liters of water or fungicides Fitosporin-M, Quadris, Maxim and Kolfug in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

For pest protection purposes, adjacent plantings of potato bushes with dill, basil, calendula, coriander or beans are used. A handful of wood ash thrown into the hole when planting also repels pests and pathogens of fungal diseases from potato tubers. Soaking the tubers for half an hour before planting in this composition protects potatoes well from diseases: dissolve 1 g of potassium permanganate in 10 liters of water, 20 g boric acid and 10 g of copper sulfate. After processing, the tubers need to be dried. There is another way to protect potatoes from fungal infections: dissolve 1 kg of wood ash in a bucket of water and dip the potatoes into the solution directly in the net. This method, moreover, allows the tubers to obtain a supply of potassium.

In order to prepare the tubers for spring planting, you will need from 3 to 30 days - it all depends on which method you choose. However, it is worth remembering that express methods are not always reliable, and it is advisable to use them in parallel with proven methods of preparing, planting and growing potatoes.

Before planting, the tubers need to be germinated - to stimulate the formation of strong, healthy sprouts from the awakened buds on the tubers. Germination can be dry or wet. For dry germination you will need from 20 to 40 days, a certain temperature regime, as well as good lighting for the formation of solanine in the tubers, which gives the potato resistance to diseases, rodents and exposure unfavorable conditions. It is most convenient to germinate tubers on the floor or in boxes, laying them in one or two layers. For the first two weeks, in order to awaken sleeping eyes, the temperature is maintained within 18-20 ºC, but then it is gradually lowered to 10-14 ºC - in such conditions the sprouts will not stretch.

If you prefer to germinate tubers wet method, sprinkle them with moistened peat, humus or sawdust and keep them at a temperature of 12 to 15 ºC, without allowing the substrate to dry out. During the germination process, not only sprouts are formed in the tubers, but also roots, thanks to which, after planting, seedlings appear much faster. Potatoes are germinated using the wet method for no more than 2-3 weeks. However, if for some reason the planting of tubers is postponed, you need to lower the temperature to slow down the development of the seedlings.

You can use dry and wet germination in combination: germinate the tubers in the light for three weeks, and when sprouts appear, transfer the potatoes to moist peat for 10 days to stimulate the regrowth of roots at the base of the sprouts.

To awaken the eyes, you can use the drying procedure. To do this, the tubers are kept for a week or two at a temperature of 16 ºC and above, spread out in one or two layers. During this time, the tubers lose moisture, but at the same time accumulate enzymes that awaken the eyes and accelerate the growth of shoots.

In cases where time is pressing, they resort to this preparatory procedure like warming up. A week before planting, the planting material removed from the cellar is placed for 2-3 days at a temperature of 10-15 ºC, and then for 3-4 days the temperature is raised to 20-22 ºC.

There are cases when potatoes suddenly begin to grow ahead of time, but large sprouts should not be allowed to appear, because they easily break off and take too much strength and nutrition from the tuber. What to do in this case? You can carefully, trying not to damage the eyes, break off the sprouts as early as possible - this way you will delay the germination of the potatoes. However, you can resort to this procedure no more than twice - the third sprout will have to be left. You can also use the sprouts as seedlings: when they reach a length of 4-6 cm, and the beginnings of roots appear, the sprouts are carefully separated from the tuber and planted in a moist substrate - for example, a mixture of seedling soil, peat and sawdust. The planting pattern for the sprouts is 6x4 cm, and they need to be buried 2/3.

Fertilizing potatoes before planting

Potatoes, unlike other garden crops, do not need to be fed during growth, since during the growing season the nutrients are almost not absorbed by the tubers. It is much more important to add fertilizer to the soil when preparing the site or to fertilize the potatoes when planting them in a hole to ensure high quality and a large volume of future harvest. What fertilizers do potatoes prefer? He loves complex compositions, for example, Nitroammofoska, Azofoska or Kemira Potato, which optimally balance the elements necessary for the crop. Potatoes need potassium more than nitrogen, and tubers can be fully supplied with potassium wood ash, potassium chloride or potassium salt. Of the nitrogen fertilizers, carbamide or urea is preferred, which increases yield, but ammonium sulfate or ammonium sulfate can also be used to fertilize potatoes. ammonium nitrate. And from phosphate fertilizers Ammophos, as well as ammoniated or double superphosphate are more suitable for potatoes.

When growing potatoes over large areas, mineral fertilizers will cost you a lot, so it is better to use organic matter, which contains all the substances that potatoes need - nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, calcium and sulfur. In addition, organic fertilizers are a source of easily digestible compounds that allow the accumulation of humus in the soil and improve it physical properties, and in saline soils, organic matter weakens the inhibitory effect of toxic compounds on plant development. It is also important that the decomposition of organic matter contributes to a significant increase in carbon dioxide in the ground layer of air, which allows new tubers to grow healthy and large. From organic fertilizers Bone meal, bird droppings, slurry, humus and compost have proven themselves well. Bird droppings must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1:15 before application. But green manure is the best way to enrich a potato bed with nutrients.

For each type of soil there is its own norm of mineral and organic fertilizers per one hundred square meters of potato bed:

• For fertile soils– 2-2.5 kg of superphosphate and manure/compost and no more than 1.5 kg of potash fertilizers;
• for soils of average fertility, up to 3 kg of manure/compost, the same amount of nitrogen fertilizer, 2.5 kg of potassium and 3-4 kg of phosphorus fertilizers will be required;
• in poor, depleted soil you will need to add 1 kg of ammonium nitrate, 3 kg of superphosphate and a lot of humus.

However, it should be remembered that it is much more dangerous to overfeed potatoes with fertilizers than to underfeed them: on soil overloaded with nutrition, the tubers will grow frail, tasteless, indigestible, and only the tops will be powerful and thick. You need to be especially careful in this regard with potash fertilizers. As for manure, let us remind you once again that it can only be used in its rotted form, otherwise the potatoes will simply burn out. And as humus, manure can provoke potato scab disease.

When planting potatoes, mineral fertilizers are placed directly into the hole, because the roots of the plant develop only in surface layer, but Nitrofoska and Nitroammofoska are applied for spring digging of the site, and compost and manure - for autumn digging. Green manures - vetch, clover, annual lupine or peas - are sown in a potato field before winter. When planting potatoes, you can add potassium sulfate, double superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, ash, humus and complex fertilizers into the holes. After planting, you can water the holes with a solution chicken manure at the rate of 1 liter of solution per 1 well.

How to plant potatoes

The most common among amateurs the folk way is planting potatoes “under a shovel”. Less known is the trench planting method. They also use the Dutch technology (planting potatoes in ridges), the Mittlider method (growing tubers in ridges), the Gülich method (forming a multi-tiered bush), planting potatoes in a barrel, in a bag, in a hole, in a hill, under a black film, under straw and others in original and sometimes witty ways.

Planting potatoes with a hiller

Plowing, planting, weeding, hilling and other garden tasks can be made easier if you use a walk-behind tractor for these works. And for planting potatoes, a walk-behind tractor with a hiller is used. A hiller and lug wheels are mounted on the unit to cut even furrows in the soil into which the tubers are manually placed. Then the lug wheels are replaced with rubber ones corresponding to the track width, the tubers are covered with soil and compacted.

If you need to plant potatoes large area, then use a walk-behind tractor with a potato planter. The lug wheels and potato planter are mounted on the unit, after which the parameters are adjusted for further work. First, prepare the soil: plowing, harrowing and moistening the area. Then the correct ridges are cut. A potato planter, equipped with furrow makers, a device for feeding tubers and a hiller for embedding them, simultaneously makes furrows in the soil, places tubers in them and covers them with soil.

Methods for planting potatoes with tubers

Novice gardeners and vegetable gardeners often come to us with the same question: how to plant potatoes? There are many planting methods, and we will try to introduce you to the most productive of them.

Planting potatoes under a shovel

This is the most common planting method: dig holes 8-10 cm deep with a shovel, place potatoes in the holes, add humus/compost, ash or complex mineral fertilizers, after which the holes are sealed. When planting is completed, the surface of the area is leveled with a rake to prevent moisture loss. The disadvantage of this method is that caring for the bushes will not be very convenient.

Trench method of planting potatoes

This method of growing potatoes is more labor-intensive, but it allows you to grow a crop twice as large as when planting “under a shovel.” They prepare the area for the trench method in the fall: dig a trench along the length of the bed and up to half a meter deep, fill the trench with a mixture of humus, manure, peat and straw and leave it until spring. After the snow melts, the trench is covered with black film so that the soil warms up faster. As soon as they are formed optimal conditions for planting potatoes, prepared tubers are planted in a trench, covered with a mixture of humus/compost and turf land V equal parts and cover again with film. Shoots usually appear after two weeks - they also need to be covered with a mixture of turf and humus and covered again with black film. As soon as the shoots appear again, the procedure is repeated, and only when the shoots grow through the soil for the third time, holes are made in the film for them. This technique allows you to retain moisture in the soil longer, inhibits weeds and frees you from hilling potatoes.

Planting potatoes using Dutch technology

The essence of this method is that the tubers are planted in ridges located at a distance of 75 cm from each other, and the distance between the tubers in the row is kept about 30 cm. This planting is carried out using a walk-behind tractor with a cultivator and a plow. During the growing season, potatoes are watered three times, and hilling is replaced by filling the ridges with soil from the inter-row spaces. Dutch technology allows you to get up to 2 kg of tubers from one potato bush, characterized by excellent taste and good keeping quality.

Planting potatoes using the Mittlider method

The American vegetable grower Mittlider has developed a method in which potatoes are planted in beds about half a meter wide with row spacing of 75-100 cm. With such row spacing, it is very convenient to care for growing potatoes. In order to control weeds and to save water when watering, a shaft of earth is made around the perimeter of the beds. In areas with a slope, potatoes are planted in long boxes filled with fertile soil. During the growing season, potatoes are fed three times and watered regularly, but there is no need to hill up the bushes. Using the Mittlider method, you can reduce the sown area by three times, while increasing the yield - you can get up to 550 kg of potatoes from one hundred square meters.

Planting potatoes using the Gülich method

A special feature of the method is that an area of ​​1 m² is allocated for each bush. The plot for potatoes is divided into squares of 1x1 m, in each square a circular shaft of quail manure is formed, in the center of which loose soil is poured, into which a large tuber is planted, top down. As soon as shoots begin to grow around the tuber, soil is poured into the center of the ring they form. This is done so that the soil rejects the shoots, and they begin to grow to the sides of the tuber, like rays. When leaves appear on the shoots, you need to add soil again to the center - this procedure is repeated several times until a potato bush with several tiers is formed around the tuber. With regular watering and feeding, one plant can produce up to 16 kg of tubers.

Growing potatoes under a hill

Using this method, you can get up to one and a half tons of potatoes from one hundred square meters of land. It was developed by Prokopchik, a potato grower from Belarus. In the fall, mineral fertilizers and rotted manure are applied to the site for digging at the rate of 2-3 buckets per m². In spring, circles with a diameter of 1.5-2 m are marked on the surface and potato tubers are laid out along their perimeter at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other. As sprouts appear on the tubers, use a hoe to hoe a mound of soil 30-40 cm high, and make a funnel at its top so that when watering, the water does not flow down the walls of the mound, but gets inside the cone. With this method of cultivation, plants develop a powerful root layer with many tubers.

Growing potatoes in barrels

This method is suitable for those who have small plot and there is no way to allocate a bed for potatoes. For growing use metal or plastic barrel without a bottom, making a circle in the vessel for different heights small holes for drainage excess water and soil aeration. A 10 cm thick layer of compost mixed in half with soil is placed at the bottom of the barrel, on which potato tubers are laid in a checkerboard pattern. The potatoes are covered with the same layer of compost soil. As soon as the shoots appear, they are sprinkled with soil and compost - and so on until the barrel is filled to a height of 1 m. The potatoes are watered from time to time and fed with complex fertilizer. At proper care from one barrel you can get a bag of potatoes.

Growing potatoes in bags

This method is similar to the previous one: drainage is poured into sugar bags, on which the tubers are laid. As soon as they sprout, they are sprinkled with compost mixed with soil - this is done several times. Potatoes in bags require watering and fertilizing. This method significantly saves space on the site and does not require significant physical effort. Using the same principle, you can grow potatoes in a hole measuring 90x90 cm, about half a meter deep.

There is a great way to grow potatoes that is almost a hundred years old. The authorship belongs to the Russian vegetable grower Rytov. The potato bed is compacted and the tubers are placed on its surface, lightly pressing them into the soil. The potatoes are covered with a layer of damp, crushed straw 15-20 cm thick on top. There is no need to hill up the bushes with this method. And if you make a layer of straw 25 cm thick and cover the area with black film, you can rid the potatoes of weeds and pests. When the shoots grow and begin to come into contact with the film, you need to make slits in it for them.

On clay soils Potatoes are also planted under straw: shallow (10-15 cm) and narrow (the width of a shovel bayonet) holes are made at a distance of 1 m from each other, sprouted potatoes are placed in them and the entire area is covered with a layer of straw. As soon as the potatoes sprout, the field is covered with straw again. The third time, only the potato bushes are sprinkled with straw - instead of hilling. In such a field, the weeds die, and the potatoes grow well.

Planting potatoes under film

The area, filled with fertilizers in the fall, is loosened, watered and covered with black film, sprinkling it around the edges with earth or securing it with pegs. Cross-shaped slits are made in the film with a knife, through which sprouted tubers are planted into the soil to a depth of 5-7 cm, and covered with a mound of earth 6-8 cm high on top. Plants are watered and fed by pouring water or a nutrient solution into the slits in the film. When harvesting potatoes, the tops are cut off, the film is removed, and then the tubers are collected almost from the surface of the plot.

Growing potatoes from seeds

Some gardeners prefer to grow potatoes from seeds. Why are they attracted to the seed method of propagation? Firstly, seeds are much cheaper than elite tubers, especially since when purchasing it is almost impossible to distinguish ordinary seed tubers from elite ones, and by paying for the elite, you can get the third, fifth or tenth reproduction. Secondly, the seeds do not require keeping in a cold cellar, take up little space and remain viable for 6 to 10 years. Thirdly, bushes and tubers grown from seeds are not exposed to bacterial and viral diseases. Fourthly, the yield of potatoes grown from seeds is much higher. Well, in the end, tubers grown from seeds produce good yields for 5-7 years: in the first year, the seeds produce mini-tubers, in the second and third years - super-elite, in the fourth year - elite, in the fifth - the first reproduction and etc.

At seed propagation For potatoes, the seedling method is usually used. You will need soil, containers and a place on the windowsill. The soil should be loose and fertile: to one part of the soil you need to add four parts of peat and the biological product Trichodermin (5 grams per 5 liters of soil mixture). Potato seeds are sown for seedlings in late February or early March. Before sowing, seeds are germinated by wrapping them in a damp cloth and placing them in a plastic container. On the fifth to seventh day they will sprout small sprouts, but before that you need to ventilate them daily and make sure that the fabric does not dry out. The sprouted seeds are carefully placed on compacted, moist soil, covered with a 1 cm thick layer of sand, sprayed with a spray bottle, covered with film and placed on a well-lit windowsill. Some gardeners prefer to grow seedlings not in the ground, but in wet sawdust.

Potato seedlings are much more capricious than tomato and eggplant seedlings - they need a lot of light, nutrients and very loose soil, in addition, it is easily affected by blackleg, so the seedlings are watered moderately. From time to time, seedlings are treated with Epin solution, and once a month they are fed with complex mineral fertilizer and, if possible, arrange additional lighting. After three to four weeks, the seedlings are planted in separate large pots, deepening them along the cotyledon, and by the end of April, when it gets warmer, the seedlings can be moved to the balcony.

In general, it is better to plant seedlings in a greenhouse or hotbed, and only in the second year will the tubers be ready for planting in open ground, but since not everyone has the opportunity to grow potatoes in a greenhouse, in mid-May potato seedlings are planted in a garden bed, choosing a cloudy day for this. day. The holes are placed at a distance of 40 cm from each other, filled with humus and ash and watered. The seedlings are placed so that the stems are horizontal and covered with soil so that only the tops of the plants remain above the surface. After planting, the bed is mulched with last year’s leaves or straw, metal arches are installed and covering material is pulled over them, which can only be removed in June, when summer finally arrives.

In areas with a southern climate, you can grow potatoes from seeds without seedling method: in a bed with loose soil, and even better in warm bed make holes 10-12 cm deep at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other, place 2-3 sprouted seeds in them and sprinkle with a layer coconut substrate, sand or loose soil half a centimeter thick. As the seedlings grow, soil is poured into the holes, then the plants are hilled up twice. Otherwise, caring for potatoes from seeds is the same as caring for those growing from tubers.

How to care for potatoes in open ground? Care begins even before germination. Since the tubers need access to air, it is provided by loosening the soil, while simultaneously removing emerging weeds. It is advisable to loosen the soil on the site after each watering and rain, so that a crust does not form on the surface. Potatoes are earthed up when the seedlings reach a height of 15-18 cm.

The potatoes are fed with mineral complex fertilizers, ash or organic matter - slurry or fermented bird droppings. As soon as the nutrient solution goes into the soil, it is necessary to loosen the area and hill up the bushes. From the beginning of the formation of buds, you need to constantly monitor the soil moisture and water it when it dries 6-8 cm deep. Moisten the soil in the evening, water consumption - 2-3 liters of water for each bush. In dry summers, it will be necessary to carry out 3 to 5 waterings, mainly during the formation of buds and tubers. The day after watering, the soil on the site is loosened. And, of course, if necessary, you need to treat potatoes against diseases and pests.

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After this article they usually read

When to plant potatoes in 2019 according to the lunar calendar? A common question asked by almost every summer resident who wants to grow his own crops.
Planting has already become a tradition in the country, and potatoes are the most popular crop.
Usually the gardener looks to see if his neighbor's plot has been dug up and asks his friends when they plan to plant. Everyone wants to grow this unpretentious vegetable, even if there is no need to plant an entire field. Large, tasty fruits will definitely appear if planted in a timely manner.

Effect of planting period on yield

Most summer residents will choose the same days for planting potatoes in 2019 as usual. The opening of the dacha season occurs on the May holidays, when workers have free time. Following this rule does not always guarantee success. Of course, no one will take time off from work to plant root crops, but the process requires more responsibility than it seems.

By burying potatoes in the ground on certain days, the farmer will receive a good harvest. Not every period is suitable for planting a crop. The plant is unpretentious, but certain temperature changes will not do it any good. Late planting runs the risk that the fruits will not have time to grow due to autumn frosts. Potatoes react to lack of rain or severe dampness.

If you plant potatoes in early spring, then the tubers will freeze because the soil has not yet warmed up. In conditions high humidity the plant has every chance of dying from a disease, including a fungal one. Planting material, thrown into a puddle, will begin to rot. On some days the soil will be too dry, which will significantly reduce the harvest from each bush.

For these reasons, one cannot ignore favorable days for planting potatoes, which are calculated by scientists, astrologers and have long been determined folk calendar. Statistics say that the deviation from the optimal period for planting potatoes can be no more than 10 calendar days, otherwise fruiting will decrease significantly.

Lunar calendar for planting potatoes

The moon influences important processes, taking place on Earth, it is useless to argue with this. The satellite, like a magnet, attracts water, causing ebbs and flows. Plants and living organisms are dependent on moisture and absorb it. Long-term observation made it possible to establish the timing of planting potatoes according to the lunar calendar.

The basic rules for planting say that when the Moon is waxing, plants form well and quickly become strong and stocky. The waning moon takes all the strength of the cutting and shoot. If potatoes are planted during this period, they may not sprout. Good seed will still sprout, but you won’t see the fruit. It is not recommended to bury the root crop during the new moon and full moon. Nothing good will grow from crops that were germinated or soaked at unfavorable periods of time.

The moon moves across the sky, passing through the constellations. Being in each zodiac sign affects the germination and yield of crops. This also affects when to plant potatoes in 2019. A good period for planting begins with the arrival of the Moon in the constellation Cancer; vegetables planted on this day are stored well. When the Moon passes through the signs of Aries and Taurus, potatoes sprout quickly and do not get sick.

On each of these days you can work in the garden. There are days when the result shows itself the best way. Specific dates have been determined when it is better to plant potatoes according to the lunar calendar. If you can't come to garden plot at this time, you can make small deviations. This year, every month from March to July has several favorable days for landing. Successful periods for planting potatoes:

• March 27-29;
• April 9, 18, 22, 27, 29;
• May 4, 7, 9, 19, 24, 31;
• June 1, 6, 7, 15, 16;
• July 15, 18, 19.

The day of disembarkation depends on many factors. Potatoes should be planted in open ground later than under film cover. You can work in the beds in June and July only with early ripening potato varieties. Much depends on the climate. The summer resident must determine optimal time, based on the weather characteristics of the region of residence.

When to plant potatoes in different climate zones?

The main condition for planting potatoes is soil temperature. It should warm up to 7°C, so average daily temperature means that the night frosts are behind us. You can find out the weather forecast for the week, and then start planting. According to the folk calendar, it is believed that it is time to bury potatoes when the leaves of the birch tree appear or the dandelions begin to bloom.

In outskirts of Moscow good period starts at the end of April. Sometimes frosts occur in early May. From the middle of the month, sunny days become more frequent, and the air gets warmer. After the holidays, in May 2019, you can go to the garden. Some regions are remote from Moscow, but landing in them takes place at the same time. In Bashkiria, you can grow potatoes in early or mid-May. Farmers from St. Petersburg should also rely on this period. The climate here is a little colder, so you can wait another week to plant potatoes in the Leningrad region.

In the south the situation is different; warm days come earlier. Krasnodar region and the sun is already burning Ukraine in April. Residents of these territories can safely dig a potato bed after Easter. In April 2019, root crops can be planted after the 16th. In Voronezh summer season will open in a couple of weeks.

In Siberia, farmers can only envy the inhabitants of the south. The end of May is suitable for summer cottage work. In some years in Omsk, the weather forced the planting of root crops in early June. The territory of Siberia is large, no a certain day, opening the summer season. Potato planting in the Urals occurs in waves - the higher the city is on the map, the later it is.

In what month should I plant potato seeds?

Breeders have developed varieties for the cold regions of the country, but they do not have time to ripen. In open ground, early potatoes will not bear fruit in some cities of Siberia, so residents plant seedlings. This is a costly and difficult task, because the seedlings arrive on the windowsill several months before being transplanted into the ground.

In March 2019, you can start planting potato seedlings. It is mandatory to pick, after which the vegetable will gain strength and will be ready for planting in the garden. In the southern republics, such as Bashkortostan, beds are laid out in open ground. To the north, it is practiced to plant potatoes in a greenhouse in April.

Gardeners from the Moscow region can use the same method. Greenhouse work has been carried out since February, this will allow you to get the most early harvest, especially in combination with the seedling method of cultivation. Thanks to this trick, the potatoes can already be cooked in April, because they will have time to ripen.

It is not worth planting root crop seedlings in open ground in mid-June; the plant will not have time to bear fruit. In order not to think until what date you can plant potatoes, you need to take care of a good greenhouse. Then you can forget about the landing dates! Your harvest is not afraid of frost.

Potatoes are delicious and useful product, which today is included in the daily diet of many people. It is used both as a main dish and as a side dish. Potatoes are also an integral part of many popular salads.

Potatoes are currently grown in more than 100 countries in temperate, subtropical and tropical regions. climatic conditions. Therefore, it is very important to know where and when to plant potatoes in order to get a rich and high-quality harvest.

Sputnik Georgia decided to find out what signs you need to know when and how best to plant potatoes according to the lunar calendar.

How and when to plant

The quantity and quality of the harvest largely depends on the time of planting potatoes. Therefore it is very important to comply optimal timing planting crops. You cannot start planting too early or delay it, as both are fraught with a decrease in yield.

If the work is carried out too early, the vegetable will take a very long time to germinate, and if there are frosts at night, which often happen in the spring northern regions, may even die.

In the old days, people tied the days of annual potato planting to certain dates (for example, Easter), and followed nature, seeing folk signs, which modern man over time I forgot.

Early Easter indicated early spring, which means that potatoes could be planted earlier than during late spring. In 2017 Bright Resurrection We celebrated Christ's day on April 16 and it is believed that spring is relatively early, although judging by the weather, this cannot be said.

In general, in different climatic zones, this “rule” works differently: in some places you can plant potatoes already in March, in others in April, and in others, preferably in the first half of May.

Experienced gardeners say that traditionally it is customary to plant potatoes with sprouted roots in open ground at the end of April and complete all work in early May, but in last years The weather is unstable, so you should mainly focus on whether the ground has warmed up.

In particular, potatoes can be planted if the soil at a depth of 8-10 centimeters (the depth of planting tubers) has warmed up to at least 6-8 degrees Celsius.

It can be measured with a regular thermometer to determine the air temperature. But, in order not to run around with a thermometer and measure the soil temperature yourself, you can turn to folk signs.

Among the folk signs that are used as a guide when planting potatoes are also called the beginning of flowering of apricot, bird cherry or dandelion. But in a spring like this one, signs can fail, so it’s better to plant potatoes according to the weather.

Most often, when planting potatoes, they focus on the air temperature, which should be at least 15 degrees Celsius.

It must be remembered that a plant in conditions of high humidity can die from various diseases, including fungal ones. Planting material, once in a puddle, will begin to rot. On some days the soil will be too dry, which will significantly reduce the harvest from each bush.

For these reasons, one cannot ignore favorable days for planting potatoes, which are calculated by scientists, astrologers and have long been determined by the folk calendar. According to statistics, the deviation from the optimal period for planting potatoes can be no more than 10 calendar days, otherwise fruiting will decrease several times.

Modern gardeners honor traditions and adhere to the calendar dates for sowing this vegetable crop, including according to the lunar calendar.

Moon influence

The Moon influences important processes occurring on Earth - long-term observations made it possible to establish the planting dates for potatoes according to the lunar calendar.

An experienced gardener knows that it is impossible to plant potatoes during the new moon or full moon. With the waxing Moon, plants are well formed, quickly becoming strong and stocky. The waning moon takes all the strength of the cutting and shoot. Therefore, if potatoes are planted during this period, they may not sprout.

So, an incorrectly chosen day or period for sowing seeds or planting potatoes can negatively affect both seedlings and growth, as well as further development, and subsequently the formation and timely ripening.

To avoid such problems, you need to correctly determine the favorable days and periods for planting potatoes, as well as watering, processing, weeding, and so on. This is the only way you can get a rich and high-quality harvest.

There are few such days left in April - April 27-29. In May you can sow and plant - May 4, 7, 9, 19,24, 31. There are also favorable days for sowing and planting in June - the 1st, 6th, 7th, 15th and 16th. In July you can sow or plant on the 15th, 18th and 19th.

Knowing favorable days is already half the battle. But the day of disembarkation depends on many factors. Potatoes should be planted in open ground later than under film cover.

An amateur gardener must determine the optimal time, based on the weather conditions of the region of residence, since much depends on the climate of a particular area.

You can work in the beds in June and July only with early ripening potato varieties. Potato varieties are divided depending on how many days after planting you can start digging up tubers: early - after 50-65 days; mid-early - after 65-80 days; mid-season - after 80-95 days; medium-late - after 95-110 days; late - after 110 days or more.

Early ripening potato varieties are less productive, not as resistant to diseases, their tubers gain less starch, but these shortcomings are compensated by earlier ripening.

Story

The birthplace of potatoes, whose history goes back thousands of years, is considered to be South America, more precisely Peru, where you can still find wild species potatoes.

The Indians began growing potatoes about 14 thousand years ago. South America. Portuguese and Spanish navigators discovered potatoes in the Indian village of Sorocota (Peru) in 1537. They called the tubers they found truffles because of their resemblance to mushrooms.

In 1565, potatoes were brought to Spain, although initially the Spaniards, who ate raw potatoes, I didn’t like the root vegetable. Later they learned to cook it. So potatoes gradually spread throughout Europe.

Potatoes were brought to Russia by Peter the Great, who brought a bag of root vegetables from Holland. Potato farming in Russia began with this bag. In Rus', at first, potatoes were considered an outlandish vegetable, but gradually people learned to cook them and learned about their benefits.

The population of Russia greeted the new culture with distrust. The Old Believers were ardent opponents of potatoes in Russia. They called potatoes “the devil’s apple” and considered it a great sin not only to eat its tubers, but also to grow them in their gardens. On this basis, peasant unrest, called potato riots, arose more than once.

However, most of the people resigned themselves to the inevitable and got down to business. By the end of the 18th century, potato planting was widespread in the northwestern provinces of Russia and the Baltic states. The new culture took root and soon began its victorious march across the country. By the end of the 19th century, potatoes became common garden crops everywhere.

Potatoes in Georgia

According to some information, potatoes were brought to Georgia in 1820 by German colonists who were mainly engaged in viticulture and livestock farming.

In 1913, the area under potato cultivation in Georgia was 6.8 thousand hectares, and in 1975 it exceeded 28 thousand hectares. Thus, after going through a long and thorny path, potatoes have won a place of honor at our dinner table.

© photo: Sputnik / Vitaly Ankov

People began to cultivate potatoes and bred more and more new varieties of potatoes, which we enjoy tasting.

Potatoes are a nutritious product that is rich in carbohydrates, proteins; proteins contain amino acids and mineral salts. Potatoes are also rich in vitamins C, P, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, K, potassium, choline, selenium, iron, phosphorus, calcium, and sodium.

For example, about 200 grams of potatoes boiled in their jackets contains daily norm vitamin C for humans. Only by spring the content of this vitamin in potatoes usually decreases.

The material was prepared based on open sources

Potatoes are perhaps the most important crop for cultivation in Russia. It's not just a vegetable, it's a tradition. Even if now there is no severe need to grow potatoes in bags, it is still more pleasant and tastier to eat your potatoes. Many people plant and grow potatoes, considering it an interesting and easy activity. And indeed, caring for it is quite simple - planting, weeding, hilling, and new varieties resistant to diseases appear every year.

Of course, the main advantage of planting and growing potatoes yourself is getting a tasty and environmentally friendly product that almost everyone loves and eats. Therefore, having once been fired up with the desire to eat his young potatoes, he enters into constancy and a hundred or two acres of country land goes under this wonderful vegetable. They plant potatoes in the garden, relying on various kinds recommendations, from “grandfather’s rules” and the lunar calendar to scientific layouts of “leading agronomists” from institutes, who use complex methods to calculate a favorable day for planting potatoes.

Our ancestors tied the days for planting potatoes not only to certain dates every year (for example: Easter), but followed nature, seeing folk signs that modern man had lost. Early Easter means - early spring, which means planting potatoes may be earlier than in a late spring. This year - Easter is in early May, which means “when to plant potatoes in 2017”? That's right, early. In different climatic zones, this concept is also different: in some places you can plant potatoes in March, in others you can plant potatoes in April, and in others, preferably by mid-May.

When thinking about the best time to plant potatoes, we want to learn about new ways to grow them. Requests can be very different: let’s say we want to get very early potatoes or place them on the territory in a more convenient way, or we want to improve the harvest, spending less time and physical labor, or we no longer have the opportunity to water as abundantly as before, the issue can be resolved by reading the methods of planting potatoes.

There are many ways to plant potatoes:

• seedling method in pots - to obtain an early harvest,
• in barrels- suitable for small garden plots,
• in trenches and ridges.

Potato planting dates in 2017

Whatever planting method you choose, it will be useful to know the days favorable for germinating and planting potato seeds according to the lunar calendar. So when should you plant potatoes this year?

• You can plant potatoes and other root crops in the greenhouse as early as February 5th.
• March 26, 2017 start laying early potato tubers for germination.
• On March 31, place the potato seed tubers in the light at a temperature of 16 degrees for 30-35 days.
• Favorable days for planting potatoes in April 2017: April 1 and 20.
• When to plant potatoes in May - traditionally we plant potatoes in May on the May holidays, the most favorable days for planting: May 7 and 18, 2017.

The general rule is to start planting potatoes at the end of April and finish at the beginning of May. Planting time depends on spring and whether the soil has warmed up. Boarding days for potatoes in April they can shift towards the middle of the month and even towards the beginning, it all depends on the period in which there are no longer frosts on the soil.

True, if you plant potatoes early, in cold soil, the vegetable will take a long time to germinate, and in case of unexpected night frosts it may even die. IN When choosing planting dates, it is better to focus not on calendar dates, but on the soil temperature: at a depth of 8–10 cm, it should warm up to 6–8 °C. In order not to measure the soil temperature yourself, pay attention to the trees - thanks to their deep roots, they “know” exactly how warm the soil is at a given depth.