Hip roof calculator online 3d. Calculation of the height of the ridge of a hipped roof. Calculation of a hipped roof: detailed work with numbers

Hip-slope roofing structures not only have a spectacular and attractive appearance, but also have many other advantages. However, the calculation of hipped roofs and their elements, as well as their installation, is a technically complex matter and cannot be carried out without careful familiarization with the features of this process.

Types of hipped roofs

Roofs with four roof slopes have quite a few varieties, the most common of which are the following:

• hip;
• tent;
• half-hip;
• broken

There are other options for hip roofs, but they are much less common.

Hip roofs have two triangular end and two trapezoidal slopes. The end slopes are called hips and extend from the ridge at the top to the cornice at the bottom. This design makes such a roof the best option for quickly draining precipitation from it. At the same time, due to the technological features of the structure, the calculation of a hipped hip roof and the installation work for its installation are the most difficult to perform.

The slopes of hip roofs are four triangles with equal sides. The bases of these triangular slopes form a square. Calculating the area of ​​a hipped roof of this type is also technically quite complex, although somewhat simpler compared to the previous option. Such roofs are often made on gazebos. Before you make a hipped roof for a gazebo, you need to make careful calculations.

Another type of hip roof is also quite widespread - half-hip roofs. They are a cross between a hip and a regular gable roof. You need to know how to calculate a half-hip roof correctly. A design feature of such roofs is the absence of sharp corners, and their pediment is made in the shape of a trapezoid. Knowing how to calculate the area of ​​the pediment, you can immediately order material for cladding the pediment. The functional advantage of half-hip roofs is their high resistance to strong wind loads. Design and installation work here may have some peculiarities, and if we talk about how to correctly calculate a hipped roof of this type, then the weather conditions of the area should be taken into account. Where there is frequent snowfall, steeper slopes and small canopies are installed, and in less snowy regions, vice versa.

Broken hipped roofs are also quite common. Their peculiarity is that geometrically their end sections represent a broken line, which is where the name comes from. The advantage of sloping hipped roofs is that they have an attractive appearance and make it possible to make the most efficient use of living space. Of no small importance is the fact that such roofs have a relatively simple rafter system. At the same time, the question of how to calculate the area of ​​a broken-type hipped roof is quite complex, and is usually done by construction professionals.

In general, the calculation of hipped roofs of any type, and accordingly their installation, is not an easy task, requiring a certain skill and experience in the field of construction work.

Design Features

Due to the inclined position of the pitched surfaces, the design of a hipped roof differs significantly in shape from a rectangular one. It is the non-standard shape that primarily determines the main difficulties in calculations and during the installation process, in particular in how to calculate the area of ​​a hipped roof of a house, calculate the required number of certain elements, how to connect the structural parts of the roof together, how to calculate the volume of a hipped roof roofs, etc.

Roofs with four slopes, depending on the type, may have different structures and components. However, the general principles of their design are largely identical, and they can be considered using the example of hip roofs - as the most typical version of hipped roofs.

When considering the structure of the central part of the hip roof, you can notice the similarity with a conventional gable roof. The process of arranging the central part of such roofs also has much in common. Most often, layered rafter systems are used here; hanging rafter structures are used somewhat less frequently. When arranging the layered variety of rafters, they are supported on a ridge purlin located at the top of the roof, which, in turn, is installed on a purlin frame. The frame for installing the ridge girder consists of racks and a horizontally located bed. A very important point is its support on a solid foundation, which can serve as a load-bearing wall in the center of the structure being built. Sometimes in rafter systems of complex hip roofs there is not one central purlin, but two parallel beams.

If the location of the load-bearing walls does not allow them to be used as a support for the purlin frame, then for this purpose a powerful ceiling is installed, for example from concrete slabs. The strength of the floor must be sufficient to withstand the weight of the rafter system, all components of the roof covering and the resulting external loads.

The reliability of concrete slabs is usually large enough to withstand the load from a roofing system of any type and weight. Therefore, the question of how to calculate a hipped roof in terms of weight indicators is not of great importance in this case. It is only important to correctly make all other measurements, and then carry out the installation process in accordance with them.

Sometimes, instead of concrete slabs, a floor made of wooden beams is used to construct supporting structures. Naturally, this method is noticeably inferior in strength to the previous option. The purlin frame is installed on a thick beam measuring 100-150 by 200 millimeters. The ridge purlin itself is made from a similar material, as well as the bench, if there is a need to use it. The stands are laid under the racks of the purlin frame crosswise with the floor beams. Stands, struts and wind braces are made of timber measuring 100 by 150 millimeters.

The complexity of the design of a hipped roof makes it difficult to arrange supports for pitched surfaces. For this purpose, the corner zones are connected to the ridge girder by means of diagonal rafter beams (sloping rafter legs). These beams are longer than usual and should have greater strength, since the shortened rafters of pitched structures rest against them.

Installation work becomes even more complicated if a hip roof with additional extensions is installed. In this case, the question of how to calculate the quadrature of a hipped roof and its other parameters is not an easy task, for the solution of which a complex roof structure is conditionally divided into several simple sections, and then for each of them calculations are made separately.

The main stages of installation of a hip roof rafter system

The process of constructing a rafter system for a hip roof consists of the following sequential stages:

1. Installation of the frame for the ridge girder.
2. Installation of first the layered and then the central parts of the rafter structure.
3. Marking with a cord or rope the directions for installing diagonal beams.
4. Installation of diagonal rafter legs in accordance with the markings made.
5. Installation of shortened rafter legs - sprigs - resting on the diagonal rafters.
6. Sheathing with wind boards around the perimeter of the roof.

Shortened rafter legs, called rafters, form a plane for the location of hip roof slopes. The diagonal rafters, against which the frames rest, are most often made of double stitched boards, which helps to increase their load-bearing capacity. This is important because the load on them exceeds the load on conventional rafters by approximately one and a half times. If diagonal rafter beams cover a large area, then to give them additional strength, additional supports are installed: struts, trusses or racks made of timber.

As you can see, the process of arranging a hip roof rafter system has a large number of nuances that must be carefully taken into account when carrying out calculations and installation work.

Attic arrangement

A four-slope roofing can be installed over a finished attic space or over an outbuilding, above which there is no point in equipping a separate attic. If such a roof is installed over a residential building without an attic, then there is usually a need for an attic. Attic hipped roofs are widespread in residential construction.

At the same time, it should be noted that the attic spaces of hipped roofs are usually not intended for active and frequent use, since the bevel of various roof surfaces leads to significant inconvenience in this regard. In order for the attic to be suitable for use as a separate utility room, its height and dimensions will have to be significantly increased. In this case, the consumption of materials will also be significantly greater. All these nuances should be taken into account before calculating the height of the hipped roof so that the attic space meets the requirements and demands of the home owners.

A few words should also be said about how to calculate the height of the ridge of a hipped roof. The ridge structure, as a rule, is the central and most elevated part of the roof structure. The question of what height to install it generally also depends on the intended use of the under-roof space, as well as on the personal preferences of the home owners. A higher roof will provide more efficient use of the attic or loft space. At the same time, a low-height roof is the best option in terms of efficiency, minimal consumption of materials and labor costs.

Parameters that should be calculated when arranging a hipped roof

If we talk about the necessary calculations before carrying out installation work, first of all we should mention how to calculate the roof area of ​​a hipped roof. The correct option here is to count for each of the roof slopes separately, followed by adding up the results. In this case, standard mathematical formulas are used to calculate the area of ​​certain geometric shapes.

So, for example, if the slope has a triangular shape, then from its top, using a rope or cord, a perpendicular line is drawn to the base, called the height. Next, this same height of the triangular slope is multiplied by the length of the base, and the resulting amount is divided in half. The result will be the area of ​​the triangular roof slope.

For trapezoidal slopes, the formula is slightly different: first, the length of the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid is added up, then their sum is divided in half and multiplied by the height of the slope.

Another important point when calculating a hip roof is determining the required distance between the rafters. The size of the gaps depends mainly on the roofing material. So, for example, for metal tiles and corrugated sheets it is 60-90 centimeters, and for bitumen shingles - 100-120 centimeters, since in the latter case the roof is laid on a continuous sheathing of sheet plywood.

Calculation - what and how to calculate

The correct choice of the angle of inclination of the roof slopes is also important, where a number of factors must be taken into account:

• The weight of the roofing - the greater it is, the steeper the roof should be.
• Dimensions of coating elements. If they are small and there are many joint areas between them, then the likelihood of water penetrating between them increases, and therefore the slopes should be located at a higher angle.
• Climate of the area. In areas where frequent snowfalls occur, roof slopes should be positioned steeper, which ensures rapid convergence of precipitation.
• Fire safety rules for attic roofs. In accordance with them, if the attic is large, there must be a through passage through it 160 centimeters high and 120 centimeters wide. If the attic is small (up to 2 meters in length), then the minimum passage dimensions should be 120 and 90 centimeters, respectively.
• Chimney height for fireplace and stove structures. The total height, including the external part extending beyond the roof, must be at least 5 meters. Of course, this heating option is not suitable for small buildings with flat roofs.

The cross-sectional size of the rafter beams can also be different and depends on the total load falling on the rafter system. The total load is determined by the weight of the roofing pie and the pressure of external factors such as wind and snow. Accordingly, the roofing material and the climate of the area also matter here. It is clear that the greater the load on the rafter structure, the larger cross-section the rafter beams should have.

In addition to the above nuances, there are some other features that should be taken into account when choosing a hip roof for a house:

• The design of the hipped roof allows for large overhangs on all four sides, ensuring protection of the facade and walls from precipitation.
• Although, in general, a hipped roof structure is more expensive than a gable roof structure, however, due to the lack of need for arranging gables, this difference is not so great.
• If a hipped roof is intended for an attic structure, then visually it will look lower, which should be taken into account when designing.
• Installation of any type of hipped roof should begin with a ridge structure. The Mauerlat must be securely fixed and connected at the corner areas, and the racks of the purlin frame must have a solid base.
• To fix various roofing elements, it is recommended to use modern metal fasteners.
• Upon completion of all work, before considering the hipped roof of the house completely ready for use, you should once again inspect all structures, elements and butt joints.
• Since erecting a hipped roof is not an easy task, you can only undertake it if you have sufficient self-confidence. Otherwise, the most correct decision would be to entrust the installation work to specialists.

A hip roof is a type of hip roof, in which two slopes are trapezoidal in shape, and the other two (end ones) are triangular (having the same name “hips”). If the end slopes occupy the entire area from the ridge to the eaves, it is a hip roof; if they do not reach the eaves, it is a half-hip roof.

The roof of a house performs a dual function - on the one hand, it is charged with protecting the building from external influences, and on the other, it is designed to decorate the structure and give it individuality.

Historically, in Russia preference was given to simpler single- and gable roofs, while Europeans prefer a hip or hip roof, which has advantages and disadvantages under certain conditions.

Hip roof - advantages and disadvantages

Pros:

• greater structural rigidity. Achieved by corner ribs connecting near the ridge support beam;

• the possibility of arranging more protruding overhangs, which provides additional protection for the walls of the house;

• aesthetic appeal.

Minuses:

• complexity of calculation and installation;
• higher cost of project implementation;
• reducing the area of ​​the attic (in particular in the area where diagonal supports are installed);
• impossibility of installing an attic;
• natural light is only possible by installing windows in the roofing pie.

Since the shortcomings are not critical, the hip-type hip roof is actively practiced in modern construction of private houses.

Varieties (types and types) of hip roof

When studying the structure of the hip roof rafter system, it should be taken into account that within this type, there are several types of structures. In turn, this makes adjustments to the overall process of constructing the frame of the rafter system.

Classic hip roof

It is distinguished by the support of the diagonal ribs on the ridge support beam and the location of the overhangs at the same height. The individual elements of the hip roof correspond to a triangle (gables) and a trapezoid (slopes).

Hip hip roof

It is distinguished by the absence of a ridge support beam. This leads to the fact that all the diagonal ribs converge at a single point, and ordinary short rafters are already adjacent to them. This type of roof is preferred if the house has a square frame. But forming a reliable ridge assembly is quite difficult.

Half hip roof

It is distinguished by the presence of vertical gables in which windows can be installed. The picture shows the difference between two types of half-hip roofs (Dutch and Danish).

Sloping hip roof or mansard hipped roof

The most complex design in terms of construction is the hip roof truss system, since in this case, all roof slopes have different areas and diverge at different angles. A sloping (attic) roof allows you to more rationally organize the internal roof space and, in addition to additional living space, give the house a spectacular appearance.

Hip roof design

Regardless of the type of roof, all types have the same elements of the hip roof rafter system:

ridge support beam or ridge beam - used for a classic hip roof, serves as a load-bearing element to which diagonal rafters are attached;

diagonal rafter (side, rib, slant or corner rafter) - a longer rafter leg that is attached to the end of the ridge beam at an acute angle, forming one of the sides of the triangle;

central rafter - boards of the same length that adjoin the ridge beam and form the edges of the trapezoidal roof slope. Between them there are intermediate rafters;

intermediate or ordinary rafters - forms the plane of the trapezoidal slope, the distance between them determines the run of the rafter system;

raspnik or short rafter - a structural element that is attached to a diagonal rafter, forming a triangular overhang and corner parts of trapezoids.

Hip roof calculation

The calculation of the hip roof truss system is carried out taking into account the following prerequisites:

• wind load in the region. The higher it is, the flatter the slope should be, and the stronger the entire structure. To level out strong winds, the central and diagonal rafters are made thicker;

• amount of precipitation. An inverse relationship is observed. The higher the amount of precipitation, the steeper the slope should be so that snow and rain do not create pressure on the rafter system;

• type of roofing material. Each type of roofing material puts forward its own requirements for the sheathing, and also has a certain weight. These factors must be taken into account at the design stage;

• the need for roof insulation. In this case, the installation pitch of the rafters is calculated taking into account the width of the thermal insulation material. In addition, the distance between the rafters depends on the type and section of the wood.

The calculation of roofing material is carried out using formulas taking into account the angle of inclination of the roof. The optimal roof slope for different types of roofing materials is shown in the table:

The slope of the slope angle determines the position of the rafters. In turn, the position of the intermediate rafter is calculated as follows:

1. first, a center line is applied to the top trim of the end wall;
2. then half the thickness of the ridge beam is calculated, and the placement line of the first of the central intermediate rafters is drawn;
3. then the end of the measuring rod is aligned with the placement line of the central intermediate rafter marked above;
4. a line of the internal contour of the side wall is applied to the opposite end of the measuring rod;
5. the resulting point is the position of the intermediate rafter.

The relationship between the length of the rafters and their position is calculated using a correction factor, the value of which depends on the angle of inclination of the roof slope. The length of the rafter leg is determined by multiplying the laying by the coefficient.

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Formulas for calculating a hip roof

Ridge height
Ridge beam length	The length of the house minus its width
Central length rafters (trapezoid)		Pythagorean theorem
Length of ordinary rafters	Calculated similarly to the length of the central rafters
Rafter extension to form frame overhang
Tilt angle ordinary rafters
Diagonal length hip rafters
Narozhniki (short rafters)	First short rafter
	Second short rafter
Square hip roof

How to calculate the area of ​​a hip roof?

To know how much roofing material to buy, you need to know the total roof area.

To do this, you need to break the entire roof into its component simple geometric shapes and make calculations for each of them.

Calculating the area of ​​a hip roof allows you to determine in advance not only the costs of purchasing roofing materials and installation, but also to determine the requirements for materials, as well as the need for arrangement and the exact configuration of the sheathing.

Drawing of a hip roof rafter system

The result of the project development and calculations will be a diagram-drawing of the hip roof rafter system. There are no similar drawings that are ready for use without taking into account the features of a particular structure and the place where it was built.

You can develop a preliminary design yourself (a simple sketch will help determine the direction of the project). But, it is better to entrust the drawing to specialists or use special programs for calculations. It should be remembered that the more complex the roof structure, the more accurately you need to calculate the rafter system: configuration and materials. This will also affect the cost and duration of installation work.

The hip roof drawing must include an indication of the purpose of the material, its installation location and method of fastening. It is advisable to include the key components of the hip roof rafter system, for example, the connection of diagonal supports to the ridge beam or the installation of rafter legs on the mauerlat, in a separate drawing and describe them in more detail.

Drawing of a hip roof (sloping rafters with emphasis on two purlins)

Drawing of a hip roof rafter system with a bay window

Having a schematic drawing will be a good help in the manufacture of blanks and subsequent installation of the roof.

Tools for building a hip roof

The design of the roof and the methods for arranging the components determine the set of tools that should be prepared before starting work.

To work with wood you will need: a level, a hacksaw, a hammer, a tape measure, a marking cord, and a stapler.

To work with metal structures you will need an electric drill, a riveter, and cutting shears.

Tools and consumables must be prepared in advance, because... The complex installation of a hip roof rafter system requires a large number of cuts and installation of nails.

To simplify measurements and be able to make all parts the same size, craftsmen advise replacing the tape measure with a measuring rod. The measuring rod is made of plywood 50 mm wide, onto which the main dimensions are applied.

Hip roof material

The species and type of wood have a direct impact on the durability and reliability of the roofing structure. Craftsmen advise giving preference to lumber or pine. All workpieces require pre-treatment with fire retardants and antiseptics.

In addition to wood, you will need metal fasteners, nails, screws, and anchor bolts.

Note. When forming a hip rafter system on a wooden house, which can shrink, craftsmen advise using floating fasteners to connect the rafters to the mauerlat. This method compensates for the movement of the crowns during the natural shrinkage of a house made of timber or logs.

Hip roof rafter system - installation technology

DIY rafter system devices step by step:

1. Preparation of blanks (rafters)

This is the most difficult and time-consuming part of construction, because... associated with:

• the need to ensure a given angle of inclination of the rafter legs;
• different lengths of rafters (short rafters);
• the presence of diagonal rafters (sloping), which receive special attention. Due to their length, slanted rafters carry a greater load than the main rafters, and therefore require the use of higher quality lumber with a larger cross-section. In addition, often the length of the diagonal rafters exceeds the standard length of the boards.

In order not to buy different lumber, in practice the method of splicing (pairing) edged boards is used to obtain a given length.

Advantages of rafter splicing technology:

• obtaining continuous beams of a given length;
• increasing the strength of the diagonal rafters of the hip roof due to the doubled cross-section;
• simplification of calculation and purchase of material (unification of dimensions: length and cross-section);
• the possibility of using boards designed to form ordinary rafters.

2. Mounting the Mauerlat

Mauerlat for a hip roof is a wooden beam of large cross-section (100x100 or 100x150 mm) mounted around the perimeter of the walls. First grade wood is used for the Mauerlat.

The peculiarity of laying the Mauerlat is that the timber is connected along the length only with an overlap, but not end-to-end, using many connection points with the base of the wall. The connecting nodes are additionally reinforced with metal brackets.

Since the purpose of the Mauerlat is to serve as a support for the rafter legs, it needs protection from moisture. For this purpose, a hydraulic barrier is placed between the wall and the beam (for example, roofing felt is used).

Note. Under the mauerlat in brick houses (or made of aerated concrete, foam concrete, wood concrete), a reinforced concrete belt with pre-installed studs for mounting the timber is poured. The pin has a diameter of 10 mm or more and should protrude beyond the plane of the Mauerlat by 20-30 mm. The stud installation pitch is 1000-1200 mm.

3. Purlin installation

A purlin is a beam installed parallel to the sides of the mauerlat. The purlin serves as the basis for installing additional supports under the rafter legs. The installation of a purlin is not a mandatory stage of work and is performed only for hip roofs of a large area or those with a configuration of increased complexity. The location of the purlin is shown in the diagram.

It should be taken into account that the point of maximum load will vary depending on the location - on the ridge of the hip or on the edge of the valley.

Note. The hipped hip roof is mounted without support, and a complex assembly is formed at the junction of the diagonal rafters.

4. Installation of support posts

The posts act as supports when installing the ridge beam (orange color in the picture).

5. Installation of the ridge beam

Installation of the hip roof ridge is accompanied by precise measurements. Since the entire roof structure will rest on the ridge, the correctness of its installation is checked in terms of height and level.

6. Attaching rafter legs

Regarding the sequence of work at this stage, the opinions of the craftsmen differ. This makes it possible to distinguish two directions for performing work:

1. The central rafters are mounted, and then the diagonal ones. This procedure is simpler;
2. diagonal rafters are mounted, and then the rest.

During installation, the lower part of the rafter leg rests on the Mauerlat.

The support of rafters on a hip roof is shown in the diagram. The first option (with a cutout) is simpler, but the second (with a support beam) is preferable, because in this case, the fastening does not weaken the rafter.

Forming a knot on a ridge beam is possible in different ways.

Options for top fastening of diagonal rafters are shown in the diagram.

Advice. For rigidity, it is advisable to reinforce all nodes with metal elements (staples, plates, corners).

Since diagonal rafters bear a significant load, they can be strengthened using such means as:

• installation of the rack. Mounted vertically on the ceiling;
• installation of the strut. Mounted at an angle. The angle of inclination is not decisive. The ability of the brace to strengthen the diagonal rafter is important;
• truss Essentially, this is a T-shaped short beam rotated 180°. It is used on long spans and is installed so that its base is oriented perpendicular to the diagonal rafter.

7. Installation of ordinary rafters

The rows are installed similarly to the installation of the central rafters, which form the edges of the trapezoid. Their lower part rests and is attached to the mauerlat, and the upper part rests on the ridge beam. It is important to maintain the same distance between row rafters.

8. Installation of roof trusses (short rafters)

Spawners are made only from solid lumber. At the junction of the spigot and the long rafter, notches are made or support beams are installed. The installation site is additionally reinforced with metal elements.

Note. Installation of hip roof extensions is possible in staggered intervals to simplify installation.

In any case, the frames are installed after the roof’s load-bearing frame has been formed. Their installation completes the work on installing the hip roof rafter system.

DIY hip roof step by step - video

The program shows the process of installing a rafter system for a gable hip roof with a central bay window along a short wall.

Once the rafter system is ready, you can begin installing the roofing covering, the specifics of its fastening determine the need to install the sheathing on the rafter legs.

Installation of a hip roof truss system is a long process that requires attention to every stage of the work - from calculation and selection of material, to installation of parts and strengthening of fastening points. But, if all stages are carried out correctly, the result will be a beautiful and reliable roof for a private home.

An online hip roof calculator will help you calculate the amount of materials needed to build a given type of roof for a given size. Also here you can calculate the required volume of insulating material and sheathing. By entering the initial data, you can find out the permissible maximum load and the corresponding rafter section sizes.

All calculations are performed in accordance with SNiP “Loads and Impacts” and TKP 45-5.05-146-2009.

The hip roof design includes four slopes and four diagonal rafters between them (the so-called ribs). This design gets its name from the triangular shape of the roof ends (hips). The hip roof differs from the usual gable roof in its more complex design.

There is also a half-hip roof design. In it, the slopes do not reach the cornice and are shorter.

Almost all modern roofing materials can be used to construct a hip roof. When choosing them, you should be guided by operational characteristics, the climate of your area and your aesthetic preferences.

While filling out the fields of the calculator, you can check additional information that appears when you hover over the question icon.

At the bottom of this page you can leave your feedback, ask a question to the developers, or suggest an idea to improve the calculator.

Explanation of calculation results

Roof angle

The side and hip rafters of the roof are located at this angle. Their angles are equal, since the option of constructing a classic (symmetrical) hip roof is being considered. The calculator will inform you whether the angle meets the standards for the roofing material you have chosen.

Lifting height

The distance from the roof ridge to the base of the roof.

Ridge beam length

The length of the roof ridge located between the hip slopes.

Roof surface area

Total roof area (including overhangs of the indicated length). This value is used to calculate the required amount of roofing and insulation materials.

Approximate weight of roofing material

Estimated weight of roofing material required to cover the entire roof area.

Number of rolls of overlapping insulation material

The required number of rolls of insulating material, 15x1 meters in size, to cover the roof. 10% overlap is taken into account.

Load on the rafter system

The maximum load on the rafter system. The calculations take into account the total mass of the roofing system, the design features of the roof, as well as the snow and wind loads of the region you have chosen.

Side rafter length

Length of the side rafter leg, including overhang. The length of the hip rafter leg will be the same if the overhangs are equal.

Length of diagonal (sloping) rafters

The length of the diagonal rafter, which is the edge between the side and hip slope. A total of four diagonal rafters will be required.

Number of side and hip rafters

The total number of rafters needed to construct a roof rafter system, with the exception of four diagonal (corner) rafters.

Minimum section of rafters, Weight and Volume of timber for rafters

The tables show the recommended dimensions of rafter sections (according to GOST 24454-80 Softwood lumber). The calculations include roofing material, roof area, its design, and also take into account the loads exerted. The adjacent columns display the total weight and volume of rafters required to construct the entire roof.

Number of rows of sheathing

The number of courses of sheathing required to construct a given roof.

Uniform distance between sheathing boards

To ensure that the sheathing is evenly spaced, use the value shown here.

Number of sheathing boards

This shows the total number of boards needed for the sheathing. For calculations, a standard 6-meter board length is used.

Volume and weight of sheathing boards

The cost of lathing costs is easy to calculate, knowing their volume in cubic meters. This shows the total volume and weight of the sheathing for the entire roof.

The program will allow you to easily obtain all the necessary design parameters for this type of roof. You do not need deep knowledge of how to calculate a hip roof; the algorithm developed by our designers will do this for you. It takes into account all the nuances that may arise during the design and construction of a roof.

The hip roof calculation calculator will allow you to competently plan the process of purchasing and consuming building materials, and resolve all issues related to the reliability of the rafter system and the roof structure as a whole.

Specifics of the program

Our online calculator provides calculations for the rafter system of a hip roof, which has equal angles between the base of the roof and the side and end slopes. It is proposed to fill certain fields with initial sizes:

• Linear characteristics of the house - length, width, walls;
• Roof parameters - width and length of the base, desired height, length of overhangs;
• Data for calculating hip roof rafters and sheathing - width, thickness, and pitch;
• OSB sheet parameters - only for soft type of roofing;
• Roofing sheets and information on vapor barriers - overlap size, etc.

Explanations of hip roof calculation results

1. Calculation of the hip roof truss system with a detailed drawing of the entire structure in general (with symbols) and final data:

• Dimensions of all hip roof rafters individually (sloping, diagonal, etc.);
• Calculation of lathing and counter-lattice;
• Calculation of the Mauerlat with a detailed final drawing;
• Calculation of the hip roof area.

The total volume of wood for rafters and sheathing (volume of lumber);

Drawings of all types of rafter legs separately;

Layout of rafters on the future roof with a mark for each type;

Drawings of the finished roof truss system from different sides;

Of course, an interactive 3D model of a hip roof for clarity.

The lengths of the side and hip rafters in the results and drawings are indicated taking into account the overhangs.

Now you don’t need to think about how to calculate the area of ​​a hip roof to purchase the necessary building materials; all the necessary information is available on our website calculator. Bookmark it and share it with friends so that you always have a useful tool at hand.

Calculating a hip roof online will save time and money on purchasing the necessary building materials, and get a detailed list of the sizes of the main components and elements for arranging the roof of your home.

The first thing to do before starting roof construction is to make accurate calculations. A detailed description of all connections and assemblies, an accurate drawing of the entire rafter system and approval of all this by an experienced person are necessary.

It sounds complicated, but in reality everything is simpler - no more complicated than a children's construction set, it is only important to do everything correctly. And, if you are looking for how to calculate a hip roof truss system, you will find all the necessary information here!

So, what is a hip roof truss system? This is a hipped structure, i.e. one that has four planes. Such a roof is much more complex than a gable roof, but stronger and more reliable in operation. And her appearance is recognized all over the world as one of the most successful and aesthetic.

Here are the main advantages of this design:

• Due to the presence of triangular end slopes in the hip roof, it is possible to install ordinary roof windows.
• Due to the absence of a sharp protrusion, a hip roof has a higher resistance to various atmospheric phenomena.
• The hip roof is considered economical - due to the fact that it does not have gables.
• Temporary deformations of such a roof are reduced to zero - all thanks to its special design.
• Insulating such a roof is much simpler than a gable roof (there are no such problematic gables).
• Greater resistance to wind loads of the area - due to low angles of inclination.
• The ability to more easily and easily convert an attic space into a comfortable attic. And this is already a valuable increase in the living space of the house.

Among the disadvantages, we highlight the main one: the rafter system of a hip roof is more complex than that of a conventional one, and therefore its installation will cost you more, although you will save on brickwork.

Types of hip roof construction

So, let's figure out what types and subtypes of hip roofs are being built today:

• Hip. This is a traditional hipped roof with triangular slopes on all end sides.
• A roof in which the hip does not reach the eaves is called half-hipped.
• A hip roof is a hip roof in which identical triangles are connected together by one upper point. By the way, once upon a time in Rus' they built just such roofs.
• The cross-shaped hip roof is a rarer type due to the high cost of execution and the high labor intensity of the work. Usually it is built on houses with complex layouts or separately just above the entrance doors.

Our diagram will help you understand in more detail:

As we have already said, if the hip does not reach the eaves, the roof is called half-hip. It is in these places that dormer windows are installed, which completely solves the problem of the need for inclined roof windows. But in terms of complexity and cost of construction, the half-hip roof is higher than others.

The simplest example of a hip roof (quite aesthetically pleasing, mind you) is a triangular-shaped roof. All slopes here are the same size, and all angles are equal. If this height and design suits you, then give preference to this option - you will avoid many pitfalls and nuances!

The only point: the hip roof in its classic version is bad because it does not have vertical planes and dormer or attic windows have to be placed on sloping walls. As a result, such elements become the most vulnerable in terms of leaks during rain.

Hip roof architecture in detail

To construct a hip roof specifically, experienced builders recommend taking rectangular beams made of coniferous wood, and strengthening the stability of the entire system with additional steel elements. After all, in addition to the rafters themselves, you will in any case need the following building elements:

• Mauerlat is the lower support for the rafters.
• A purlin is a beam that needs to be placed parallel to the Mauerlat as another additional support.
• Racks and struts are supporting elements for a so-called multi-span structure.
• Crossbars are special elements that help cope with spacers (a common occurrence when installed incorrectly).
• Sprengel is another additional element of the rafter support.
• A bench is a special support for racks and struts.

So, have the building materials been purchased? Now put all the parts in a stack or dry them further. The main thing is to think about protection from rain.

How to avoid errors in calculations?

Now let's avoid the very first and most annoying mistake of designing a hip roof - the lack of measurements of the house itself. The problem is that even trained craftsmen manage to start work by drawing up a plan and drawing of the roof, but do not work with the base - the walls. But only at first glance it seems that the walls are perfectly straight, everything is parallel to each other and the like, but in reality even a completely new house is far from ideal. And then, only during the construction process are certain errors discovered that prevent the first supports from being installed correctly.

Therefore, first of all, before making any calculations on the hip roof, we arm ourselves with a ruler and level. We check elevations, parallelism of walls, diagonals (correctness of rectangular walls) and draw up a measured plan of the house. Let's say you will be surprised by some of the inaccuracies. And now we decide how we will fix it:

• We correct a minor error in parallelism with a Mauerlat.
• Minor differences in the heights of different walls are corrected with spacers.
• We correct significant differences with additional elements of the rafter system, which we must include in the calculations.

Additionally, we recommend that rather than just a simple 2D roof drawing, you create a 3D model that will give you a clear picture of your hip roof. At first glance you will be able to understand whether you like the result or not. Remaking something is quite difficult. And modern computer programs, of which there are quite a lot, will help you with this.

If you are looking for a ready-made roof drawing that fits the required parameters, do not take too detailed drawings with Latin abbreviations and formulas: they are needed only by the master who can read them. And so that you have an idea of ​​what exactly awaits you, we offer you a simple master class on building a hip roof, where all the elements are clearly visible:

What data is needed for construction?

Here are the parameters of the future roof you should know before you start building it:

1. The angle of inclination of the roof, on each side of the hip slopes.
2. The angle of the roof from the sides.
3. The exact area of ​​the entire roof surface
4. The weight of the future roof and the exact load of the roofing material on the roof rafter system.
5. Length of diagonal rafters.
6. The cross section of the rafters takes into account regional wind and snow loads, the pitch of the rafters and the weight of the roofing material.
7. The required volume of all rafters in cubic meters.

You will need to know the area of ​​the entire surface in order to purchase the required amount of roofing material and calculate its future weight in advance:

Next are the rafters. On hip roofs, rafters are placed directed towards the corners of the walls - internal and external, and are called slanted or diagonal. The second ones are longer than ordinary rafters, and the shortened rafters rest on them - the rafts. As a result, such rafters carry a load 1.5 times greater than usual.

The length of the diagonal rafters is longer than the standard length, so they are made in pairs. Their advantage is that the double cross-section is designed for increased load and ultimately represents a solid, uncut board. As a result, the design solutions for such a roof are quite simple. And in order to ensure the multi-span of the hip roof, one or two supports will need to be placed under the sloped leg.

If you have already purchased scaffolding for the construction of the roof, then calculate the pitch of the rafters based on the cross-section of the finished boards. If you haven’t purchased it yet, look now, before drawing up a project. After all, there is often a situation when a project is ready, but it turns out to get good wood that does not have the parameters that were planned.

We bring to your attention a special free one.

What should be taken into account when calculating?

The hip roof project is one of the most difficult. Here it is extremely important not to make mistakes in the calculations, because the hip roof consists of a large number of very different elements, and each of them has an important function.

So, the slope of a hip roof usually varies from 5 to 60°. Based on this, the roofing material is chosen: roll coverings for small slopes and tiles for steep planes. But immediately expect that the greater the angle of inclination of such a roof, the more roofing material you will end up using. And the smaller the angle, the stronger the frame will have to be built, because it will now bear a considerable load.

To make your final decision, you will have to consider all these factors:

• The total weight of the planned roofing material.
• Additional weight of waterproofing and insulation.
• Local climate features (check with your neighbors).
• The type of rafters and the presence of additional elements to maintain the strength of the roof.
• All devices and equipment that you are going to install on the roof.

It is important to take into account wind and snow loads so that your roof is not broken through by tons of snow or torn off by a stormy wind, and the weather conditions of a particular area will indicate what possible deformations of the rafter system over the years (for example, dampness, sea air, etc. .).

Note that a hip roof usually has no problems with wind loads, but almost always with a snow roof. The reason is that a hip roof has all inclined planes. Bad for wind, but good for snow.

Have you decided on the project? Have you done all the necessary calculations? Then get started!