What is needed for heating a greenhouse. Fans and chimney. Water heating device

Having your own land plot, makes you think about its rational use not only in summer, but also in winter period. The most common option is the arrangement of greenhouses and even greenhouse complexes that can provide fresh fruits, vegetables and berries all year round. If you approach the issue of constructing a greenhouse competently and take into account even minor nuances of the operation of such a structure, you can grow a rich harvest of not only local crops, but also tropical ones.

The most popular and suitable for such purposes are greenhouses built from polycarbonate panels. Special condition A good quality building is the presence of heating. Having studied the issue of installing a heating system, it becomes clear that all the work can be easily done with your own hands. The main thing is that the effect of the completed heating system meets expectations, you need to think well in advance about what type of heating should be present in the greenhouse, clarify the features of its installation, and only then start working.

Types of greenhouse heating

There are many ways to make heating in a greenhouse with your own hands; let’s look at the most popular ones in more detail.

Solar heating

Heat from the sun's rays is a simple way to warm a room, which does not require any material costs. Sunlight, penetrating through the transparent coating of the greenhouse walls, heats not only the air inside the room, but also the soil. IN summer time, the hot and bright sun provides enough energy to warm the air in the greenhouse. The main thing is to make the structure in a place protected from the wind, away from the shade of trees.

The disadvantage of this heating method is insufficient heat in winter time, when daylight hours are shortened and the sun no longer provides such light. To ensure the required level of heat in a greenhouse in winter, as a rule, slightly different heating methods are used.

Air heating

This method involves the operation of heating and ventilation devices. They can be purchased either factory-assembled or made with your own hands. For this purpose a small steel pipe installed as follows: one end is located indoors, the second is led outside through the chimney. This method has one minor drawback: in order for warm air to enter the greenhouse in winter, it is heated with fires, which is a very fire hazard.

Use of ovens

This method is the oldest for heating rooms. Various options fuel usage makes it quite economical. The boiler is installed inside the greenhouse, and only the chimney is exposed to the outside. There is one pretty significant drawback Using such a heating system is a risk of fire due to excessive heating of the boiler walls.

Heating with biological fuels

Waste from animals and birds (manure, bird droppings, mullein) rots and decomposes and releases heat. This can be used to heat the room.

Important ! It is worth noting that biological waste in the process of decomposition humidifies the air and creates a very favorable microclimate for plant growth and development.

Gas heating

The trend of constant growth in gas prices makes this method very expensive, and growing vegetables and fruits in such conditions is economically unprofitable. Gas can be supplied to the greenhouse from centralized system, but you can use liquefied gas in cylinders. One of undeniable advantages gas heating is the possibility of continuous heat supply to the greenhouse.

Use of electrical energy

The method is quite simple to use, but today it is losing its popularity due to rising electricity prices. However, a variety of heating devices operating from the network allows you to choose the best option for yourself.

One such device is a convector. It is a device equipped with a heating element in the form of a spiral. Warm air is evenly distributed throughout the greenhouse and mainly warms up the air. Unfortunately, the heat from the convector is not enough to warm the soil.

A heater is a small fan that is equipped with an air heating function. Attracts with its inexpensive price and ease of use. The heater is not only capable of warming up the air, but also ensuring its circulation.

Cable as a heating element. The principle of using a cable to warm up the greenhouse is as follows: it is placed around the perimeter of the greenhouse and the location of the beds. When connected to the network, the cable blocks cold air from passing through the soil, thereby keeping warm air indoors.

Water heating. This method is quite difficult to install and costly. A system of pipes is installed through which heated water circulates. Thus, not only the surface of the pipes heats up, but also the air in the room. It is also worth noting that water system heating system functions effectively, its installation should only be carried out by professionals.

How to choose a heating system

To choose and make heating in a greenhouse correctly, you need to approach the issue wisely and take into account the following factors:

• greenhouse dimensions;
• type of heating used in a residential building;
• the amount of money that makes up the installation budget for the future heating system.

If a greenhouse already exists, then it is necessary to make a future heating system taking into account the already finished structure. Example: it is neither rational nor practical to make an expensive heating system in a small greenhouse.

Important ! Heat consumption must be rationally calculated and distributed over the entire area of ​​the greenhouse.

Installation of water heating

In order to make heating using a water system quickly, and the result meets expectations, you should follow fairly simple instructions for its installation:

1. An old fire extinguisher, which has already served its intended purpose, can be used as a heater. For further use, the top of the fire extinguisher will need to be cut off.
2. Heating elements are installed at the bottom of the flask, the power of which should not exceed 1 kW. Electric heating elements taken from an old samovar are perfect for such purposes.
3. We make a cover for the heater body from any available means.
4. We connect two pipes from the radiator to the base of the heater. To do this, you need to use nuts and special rubber seals that will prevent water leaks.
5. In order for the assembled device to operate in automatic mode, it will be convenient to make a special relay with a voltage of 220 V. This mechanism allows you to block the operation of electric heaters when the water reaches the desired temperature.

Air heating installation

To make heating using air system it is necessary to use the following work algorithm:

1. We select a steel pipe, the length of which is about 25 meters, the diameter is 600mm.
2. One end of the pipe is taken outside the greenhouse, and the other is left inside the room.
3. WITH outside, in the area located under the pipe, a fire is lit, the combustion of which must be constantly maintained. Due to the flame, the air in the pipe heats up and enters the greenhouse.

Attention ! This method is very simple to implement, the only thing is that it requires free time to maintain the strength of the flame in the fire.

Installation of electric heating

This heating system can be made based on the principle of “warm floor” functioning.

In this case, instead of the floor, the soil surface in the greenhouse protrudes. Electrical cable or water heating pipes are located deep in the soil, on a previously prepared surface. For this they remove upper layer soil about 30 cm deep. Placed on the bottom heat insulating material, on top of which sand is poured and heating elements are laid.

Advice ! To avoid accidentally damaging them during loosening the soil, a special protective mesh must be made over the pipe or cable. On last stage It is necessary to fill the soil and plant the plants.

Heating a greenhouse using infrared heaters

In the greenhouse, along its length, you can place several infrared heaters that will help warm the plants. For a greenhouse 3 meters wide, 6 meters long and 2 meters high, it will be enough to mount 3 devices. It is imperative to install a temperature sensor and an electrical panel with a thermostat together with the heaters.

Heating a polycarbonate greenhouse

Due to the fact that polycarbonate retains heat better than glass or polyethylene, such designs are widespread among gardeners and gardeners. It is also worth noting that this synthetic material very light and affordable. Installation of a heating system in polycarbonate greenhouses is no different from any other greenhouses.

Conclusion

It is very difficult to answer the question of which heating is the most economically profitable and efficient in terms of the level of heat generated. Each of them known methods has its positive and negative sides. Therefore do right choice heating can only be a consumer who, to the best of his financial capabilities, can choose the ideal option for himself.

What mistakes do gardeners and gardeners make when installing heating in a greenhouse, we will look at in the next video

Heated greenhouse – great way extend the growing season and fruiting of vegetables. There are several ways to set up a heating system; the choice depends on the area of ​​the greenhouse and its purpose, as well as the resources available to you. You can install the heating system yourself.

It is advisable to install heating systems in greenhouses for year-round use or for early spring planting of vegetables, herbs and flowers.

TO effective ways heating greenhouses can be attributed to:

• stove heating, including with air and water circuits;
• water heating based on a solid fuel, gas or electric boiler;
• heating using a gas gun;
• electric heating using convectors or infrared heaters;
• heating the soil with a heating cable or water heating pipes.

The methods can be combined, for example, by installing stove heating as the main heating source and a heating cable as an additional one.

When installing a boiler and installing a water heating system, soil heating is also done with water, connecting the pipes with a separate circuit.

Heating with gas guns is quite effective - the room warms up quickly, and the gas consumption is small. The gun takes up little space and is quite safe to use.

Using electric heating As a main method, it is recommended to use infrared heaters - they heat the soil and the plants themselves without drying out the air. Convectors heat the air, while in the lower part of the greenhouse - in the root zone - the temperature remains low, and at the top - excessively high. For this reason, convectors are usually used only for temporary heating.

Stove heating of a greenhouse

Ovens for greenhouses can be metal or brick. The second option is preferable - the brick takes longer to heat up, but at the same time retains heat well and cools down for a long time, and the temperature in the greenhouse remains stable. When heating with a brick stove, the air does not dry out, the humidity remains within acceptable limits.

Metal stoves heat up quickly, but have a low heat capacity and heat only as long as the wood burns. At the same time, the walls of the devices become very hot and dry the air. For this reason, metal stoves are often equipped with a water circuit with registers or radiators - the heated water in them cools down gradually, smoothing out temperature changes.

Metal stoves for greenhouses

• metal stoves are mobile, they can be installed for several cold months and removed in the summer;
• they do not require a foundation and do not take up much space;
• choosing suitable model, you can connect the water circuit;
• the price of metal stoves is not too high;
• installation and installation can be done with your own hands, even without the knowledge of laying stoves.

Disadvantages of metal stoves:

• the heating process cannot be automated; the stove will have to be heated manually;
• metal stoves dry the air, so it is necessary to install containers with water in the greenhouse to humidify the air.

The stove can be installed either in the greenhouse itself or in a vestibule or utility room by connecting an air or water circuit to the greenhouse. Chimney from metal stove can be placed in the greenhouse space, installing it at an angle of at least 15 degrees - this will provide additional heating. In this case, an uninsulated metal pipe is used. To pass through the roof or wall of the greenhouse, it is necessary to use special heat-insulated boxes.

Long chimney creates additional heating

Note! When installing the stove, it is important to ensure its stability! If the stove tips over, it may cause a fire or damage to the greenhouse!

An overview of popular and inexpensive models of metal furnaces is given in Table 1.

Table 1. Furnaces for heating industrial greenhouses.

Note! The choice of stoves for greenhouses is very large; when choosing, you need to pay attention to thermal power and functionality.

Installing a metal stove in a greenhouse

Step 1. Prepare a solid base from paving slabs, bricks or tightly compacted earth. It is better to place the stove in the center of the greenhouse so that heating is more even. Furnaces with an air or water circuit are installed in any convenient place, observing the fire distances specified in the passport.

Step 2. Install the stove on the prepared surface, check whether it will be convenient to load firewood and remove ash. If there is a main wall, the stove is installed with the back wall facing it.

Step 3. Connect the chimney required diameter to the smoke pipe using heat-resistant sealant. The chimney installation must be carried out in accordance with the diagram. Narrowing of the chimney is not allowed.

Step 4. If necessary, connect a water or air circuit.

Note! Stoves with a water heat exchanger cannot be fired without a filled heating system, as this will lead to damage.

Brick stoves for greenhouses

Brick heating stoves are usually used in year-round greenhouses. A brick stove can effectively heat a greenhouse even in frosty weather. winter months due to their increased heat capacity. Any heating stove is suitable for a greenhouse, the main thing is that thermal power corresponded to the area. Below is a simple masonry technology brick oven.

To build a brick kiln you will need:

• solid ceramic brick – 220 pcs.;
• fireclay brick – 80 pcs.;
• clay masonry mortar – 80 l;
• fireclay masonry mortar – 30 l;
• concrete for the foundation - 0.25 m 3;
• ready cast iron products– grate, combustion, blower and cleaning doors, smoke valve;
• cuttings of roofing felt or glass insulation.

A sectional drawing of the furnace is shown in the figure. The height of the stove to the chimney is 215 cm, the structure can be placed in almost any greenhouse standard sizes. The horizontal dimensions of the oven are 51x77 cm.

Step 1. Construction of the foundation. Any brick oven requires a solid foundation. It is made of reinforced concrete with a thickness of at least 20-30 cm. Under the foundation, soil is removed from an area of ​​70x100 cm to a depth of 35-40 cm. The bottom is leveled with coarse sand with a layer of 20 cm, and formwork made of boards is installed around the perimeter. Reinforcement rods Ø12 mm are laid in the form of two rows of lattice with a pitch of 20 cm. Concrete is mixed and poured into the prepared pit. Dry the foundation for at least three weeks, moistening the surface from time to time.

Step 2. Laying the ash pit and firebox. They begin laying the furnace according to the diagram. The first 4 rows are made of red brick on clay masonry mortar. Install the ash pan door, securing it in the masonry with wire.

Attaching the legs to the frame of the combustion door: 1 - door; 2 - frame; 3 - paws.
Overlapping the combustion door: A - with an overlap; B - “to the castle”; B - wedge-shaped brick

Rows 5 to 12 are laid out of fireclay bricks on refractory mortar. In the 5th row a grate is laid. A fire door is installed in rows 6, 7 and 8. Rows 9 to 12 form the arch of the firebox.

Step 3. Rows 13 to 15 are also laid with fireclay bricks on refractory mortar. Rows 13 and 14 cover the arch of the firebox; in row 15 a cleaning door is installed. From the 16th row, the masonry is again done with red brick. In row 16, the installation of the cleaning door continues. Rows 17 to 21 form smoke channels. The first smoke damper is installed in row 22.

Step 4. Rows 23 to 27 continue the smoke channels. In the 28th row a narrowing of the channel is laid out, in the 29th row a second smoke damper is installed. Rows 30 and 31 form the furnace roof. Starting from the 32nd row, lay a chimney of the required height from 4 bricks with a dressing.

The process of laying the stove is shown in detail in the video.

Video - Laying a small heating stove

Note! For greenhouses of low height, you can build a stove with horizontally located smoke channels.

Water heating in a greenhouse can be done in two ways: by connecting the greenhouse to the heating system of the house or by installing a separate boiler. Connection to common system performed in a separate circuit so that it can be turned off and the water drained.

If a separate heating system is installed, a boiler is installed in the greenhouse.

Depending on the most accessible and cheapest fuel, this may be a boiler:

• gas;
• solid fuel;
• electric;
• universal.

A gas boiler is considered the most economical and convenient to use. It maintains the set mode automatically, while heating the greenhouse is inexpensive. To remove combustion products from gas boilers, they use coaxial chimney, the surface of which practically does not heat up.

Solid fuel boilers, depending on the modification, can operate on wood, coal and pellets. This fuel is also inexpensive, but the level of automation in most solid fuel boilers is low, they require constant monitoring and loading.

Electric boilers have a high level of automation and can maintain temperature in day and night mode. They are compact, silent and completely safe. They have only one drawback - high price electricity.

How to choose a boiler for a greenhouse

The choice of boiler for a greenhouse depends, first of all, on its size and the type of crops grown. If there is gas on the site, it is more profitable and convenient to heat a greenhouse of any size using gas boiler. In non-gasified areas, you have to choose between other types of boilers.

In a year-round greenhouse with an area of ​​more than 50 m2, with available firewood, it is better to install a solid fuel boiler. In this case, the costs of installing it and installing the chimney will pay off in 1-3 years.

In a small greenhouse with periodic use, it is not advisable to install a solid fuel boiler. It is easier to install a low-power electric boiler - it does not require a specially designated area and installation of a chimney, and energy costs in this case will be low.

Winter greenhouses made of polycarbonate have long ceased to be a rarity: modern technologies allow you to create the necessary microclimate in them and grow herbs, vegetables and even berries for your table or for sale. Read more.

Calculation of the number of radiators

To ensure a favorable microclimate in the greenhouse, it is necessary to first determine required quantity radiators. Calculation for greenhouses with a height of less than 3 meters can be carried out according to a simplified scheme - by area.

The area is determined by the formula:

S = a * b,

WhereS – greenhouse area, m2;a andb – length and width of the greenhouse, m.

The estimated thermal power of the greenhouse is determined by the formula:

P = S * 120,

WhereP – design thermal power, W;S – greenhouse area, m2.

Calculation of the number of radiator sections:

n = P: p,

Wheren – number of radiator sections of the selected type;p – thermal power of one radiator section, indicated in the data sheet, W.

The resulting number of sections is evenly distributed throughout the greenhouse, distributing them over several radiators.

Note! It is better to choose radiators for greenhouses minimum height- this way the root space and soil will fully warm up.

Installation of a water heating system

Regardless of the type of boiler chosen, the greenhouse water heating system is installed according to the same scheme.

In addition to the boiler, the system includes:

• pipes and radiators;
• circulation pump;
• expansion tank;
• security group;
• coarse filter;
• balancing valve
• in the case of heating several circuits - a collector unit.

For solid fuel boilers and greenhouses high power It is also recommended to install a heat accumulator. Connection diagram heating circuit shown in the figure.

Step 1. Boiler installation. For installation solid fuel boiler It is better to equip a vestibule or boiler room. Gas and electric boilers are located directly in the greenhouse.

Depending on the type, the unit is installed on the floor or hung on a solid wall. For floor installation, it is necessary to prepare a solid horizontal base - concrete foundation or paving slabs laid on a sand cushion.

Step 2. Connection to the chimney. This step is performed for solid fuel or gas boilers. For solid fuel boilers, a sandwich chimney made of stainless steel is used. It is brought out through the roof or wall in accordance with the diagram.

For gas boilers, a coaxial chimney is used. It is taken out directly through the wall where the boiler is installed. Thanks to complete combustion gas in boilers, the output is water vapor and carbon dioxide with a small content of other elements, so the smoke from gas boilers is not dangerous for the walls of the greenhouse and the respiratory system of people.

Step 3. Connecting radiators to the heating system. Radiators are mounted on the walls, evenly distributing them throughout the greenhouse. Each radiator is installed air valve- Mayevsky tap, as well as valves with which you can shut off the flow of water into the radiator. Radiators are mounted according to the chosen scheme. For the heating system, pipes Ø20-Ø25 mm are used.

Step 4. Installation of expansion tank. For compulsory system circulation usually use a closed expansion tank membrane type. It does not have strict requirements for the installation location. The membrane expansion tank is a sealed cylinder, the internal space of which is divided polymer membrane. One part of the tank is filled with air, the other with coolant. When the coolant heats up excessively and expands, the membrane bends, and the air in the other chamber is compressed. In this case, the pressure in the system is equalized.

The tank is installed in the system anywhere, usually immediately after exiting the boiler or before circulation pump. The connection is made from below through a valve.

Step 5. Installation of a security group. The safety group consists of a pressure gauge, safety valve and an air vent, which are placed on a steel manifold equipped with a coupling for connection to the system. Connect the safety group immediately after the boiler in a place with maximum temperature and pressure.

Step 6. Installation of a circulation pump. A circulation pump is necessary to maintain stable pressure in the system. It is installed on the return pipe before entering the boiler. A coarse filter must be installed in front of the pump.

Step 7 Air pressure testing. It is carried out to identify defects in equipment and installation. After installation is completed, a special compressor is connected to the system, all valves and Mayevsky taps are closed, then the pressure specified in the passport for the boiler and radiators is applied. After the pressure has stabilized, inspect all joints and assemblies and check them soap suds: apply it with a sponge to the joints and make sure that there are no bubbles.

After successful pressure testing, the boiler and system are filled with coolant, and a test run of the boiler is carried out. The air is bled using Mayevsky valves and the system is balanced using balancing valves on the radiators.

Note! Gas and electric boilers with a high level of automation can be equipped with a circulation pump, expansion tank and safety devices. Before installing the system, carefully read the instructions for the boiler.

Electric heating of the greenhouse

Infrared heaters are usually used to heat a greenhouse: they heat the soil and create a feeling of warmth, while objectively the temperature in the greenhouse can be moderate and energy costs can be low. In some cases, other types of heaters are used.

Calculation of the required number of infrared heaters is carried out according to a simplified scheme: for every 10 m 2 of greenhouse, 1 kW of heater power is required. For example, a greenhouse with an area of ​​30 m2 requires heaters with a total power of 3 kW. This power is evenly distributed across several devices.

Infrared heaters are suspended from the frame of the greenhouse on brackets and connected to electrical network. If necessary, you can automate the heating by connecting temperature sensors located at a height of 80-100 cm. Light from the heaters should not fall on the sensors, otherwise measurement errors may occur.

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On any personal plot a greenhouse is needed. It becomes even more valuable when equipped with a heating function. In it you can in early spring already grow vegetables, strawberries, herbs and seedlings. Some crops grow in a heated greenhouse even in winter. In such a warm building it is possible to provide the necessary conditions to grow ornamental and tropical plants. We will tell you further how to independently arrange heating for a greenhouse.

There are several ways to equip heating in a greenhouse, including:

1. Gas.
2. Pechnoye.
3. Steam.
4. On hot water.
5. Heating using electricity.

For example, to make a heated floor, you can install an electrical circuit when building the foundation. One of the main advantages of this type of heating is that it is compact and takes up virtually no space. At the same time, it heats not only the soil, but also the air quite well.

As for heating using a heater, it has the following disadvantage. The greenhouse is heated unevenly, and there is no proper air circulation. As a result, part of the room warms up excessively, while in another part, on the contrary, there is not enough heat. How to make heating in the greenhouse in this case so that the heating is uniform? Sometimes a fan is installed, but its operation can make the air colder. In addition, using a fan increases energy costs.

Sometimes the heating of the greenhouse and the house is carried out adjacently. Before using this method, you need to make sure that the boiler provides the required pressure. In addition, the feasibility of such a step should be calculated. For example, if a greenhouse is built at a distance of 10 meters or more from the house, then you should not use a system that heats the house to heat it. Installing such a system will be unreasonably expensive. In addition, we must not forget that the greenhouse will need continuous heating, especially at night.

How to choose a heating system

The heating system will be selected correctly if the following important factors are taken into account:

1. Greenhouse size.
2. Method of heating a residential building on the site.
3. Own financial capabilities.

In addition, it is important to consider the type of greenhouse you have. It must match the selected heating system. For example, there is no point in installing complex expensive heating systems in greenhouses small area. They are only suitable for industrial premises.

Only competent heating calculations will allow achieving rational heat distribution. To choose suitable option heating, each method should be considered in more detail.

Water heating of a greenhouse

Characteristics of water heating

This heating can run on gas or electricity. The coolant in this case is hot water flowing through laid pipes.

Water heating equipped closed system pipes The coolant circulates in it, which, after giving up heat to the air, goes back into the boiler for the next heating. This process is repeated cyclically until the heating is turned off. The disadvantages of such a system include the following:

1. The pipes warm up very slowly.
2. High price.
3. The need to constantly monitor the heating process.

A mandatory element of a water heating system is a boiler. If the house is heated with gas, then it is most convenient to use gas to heat the greenhouse.

The water heated in the boiler is supplied by a pump to pipes laid along the walls of the greenhouse. They are made from different materials, but the most commonly used are copper, plastic and steel. For greenhouses, the second option is more suitable because plastic pipes cheap, lightweight and not susceptible to rust. This is especially true for heating the soil.

Installation of water heating

Do-it-yourself water heating of a greenhouse is accessible to everyone. Moreover, there are several options for its implementation.

First way:

1. You can make a heater based on an old unnecessary fire extinguisher. To do this, its top will need to be cut off.
2. Then a thermal electric heater is installed at the bottom of the housing, the power of which is approximately 1 kW. It can be taken, for example, from an unnecessary electric samovar.
3. After that, water is poured into the electric heater. For convenience, there is a removable lid at the top.
4. Then to the fire extinguisher body using nuts and rubber seals connects 2 water pipes from the radiator.
5. To automate the operation of the heater, a relay designed for a voltage of 220 volts is used. For example, you can use the MKU-48 relay. This mechanism allows you to turn off the heating when the water temperature reaches a certain level.

Second way:

1. A water heater can also be assembled from tubular electric heaters and old pipes. You will also need an electric welding machine. To install a heating system, you need a 50-liter boiler and an electric heater with a capacity of 2 kilowatts. It works as follows. The water gradually heats up and rises through the riser into the expansion tank.
2. After which the heated water enters the pipes that are laid around the perimeter of the greenhouse. They are located with a slight slope.
3. You can use a pipe as a basis for the boiler large diameter, to the edge of which the bottom is welded. Electric heaters are connected to the plug using an insulated electrical cord.
4. Then it is necessary to carefully seal all joints between the flange and the body.
5. Now you need to make an expansion tank, the volume of which should be up to 28-30 liters. It can be made from pipe scraps.
6. After that, couplings should be welded on both edges. They are needed to connect the boiler and the riser.
7. A hole is cut in the tank and covered with a lid. It will be used later to top up the evaporated water.
8. Now a pipeline is made from metal pipes that have been threaded in advance.
9. The boiler body must be grounded. A three-wire wire with at least 500 volts is suitable for this. Two of the three wires go to the heater phases, and the third to the boiler body. To reduce heat loss in winter, you can use layers of foil or other material that can reflect heat.
10. A solid fuel boiler is usually used as a key heating element. It can be placed both in a greenhouse and in some separate room. If you place it separately, then fuel can be put into the stove without entering the greenhouse. But then you will waste the heat that comes from the working boiler itself. In this case, fuel will need to be added twice a day, no more. The fuel consumption of such a heating system is low. In addition, this boiler is fireproof, so it can not be monitored at night.

Infrared heating of greenhouses

In this case, 2 types of heat sources are used:

1. Infrared lamps.
2. Infrared heaters.

It should be noted that electricity is one of the most expensive coolants. Therefore, other types of heating are becoming more popular today. These include the system heating PLEN. Some of its advantages include:

1. High efficiency.
2. Only the soil and plants are heated, the air is not heated.
3. Saving.

The air in this case is heated due to the fact that the soil and the heated structure give it heat. The heater does not work constantly, so it is quite economical. It turns on only when it is necessary to maintain the required temperature. So, a thermostat can be installed in the system, with the help of which the set temperature is controlled. temperature regime.

It is also important that infrared radiation does not harm people and plants at all. With the help of such heating, it is possible to create climatic conditions and temperature conditions for plants that correspond to their natural place of growth. This makes the landing very comfortable.

Air heating of greenhouses

Characteristics of air heating

In this case, air plays the role of coolant. This system works like this:

1. The air is heated between the boiler and the firebox. It is then spread through the duct system.
2. The soil is heated by warm air coming from perforated polyethylene hoses lined around the perimeter of the greenhouse. This system is able to quickly warm up a room, regardless of its area.

Among the disadvantages, it can be noted that for normal heating it is necessary to constantly monitor the humidity of the greenhouse. After all, an increase in room temperature leads to a rapid decrease in this indicator.

Air heating installation

To create such heating you need to do the following:

1. Take a piece of steel tube with a diameter of 500-600 millimeters and a length of about 2-2.5 meters.
2. Then one end of it should be inserted into a film greenhouse or greenhouse, and a fire should be lit under the other edge. Its combustion should be constantly maintained. This is why this heating method is inconvenient.
3. Due to the fire, the air in the pipe quickly heats up and passes into the greenhouse. The heat will be transferred to the plants that are grown in it. This is very easy way heating

Heating a greenhouse with wood

This is one of budget options. Stoves such as Bullerjan are suitable for this purpose, as they eliminate the need to add firewood at night. Among the advantages of such heating, the following should be noted:

1. The room heats up quickly.
2. The temperature is maintained at the desired level for a long time.
3. Fuel efficiency.

Solar batteries

Solar batteries can be used to heat the greenhouse. The device process is as follows:

1. First, a hole 130-140 millimeters deep is dug in the greenhouse.
2. It is covered on top with a layer of heat insulator (for example, polystyrene).
3. Then you need to lay coarse wet sand on top.
4. After which all this is covered with dug earth.

Thanks to this heating method, solar energy is accumulated and maintains for a long time normal temperature in the greenhouse.

Heating a greenhouse with gas

Gas heating has one significant advantage - it is more stable in terms of supply. The arrangement of this type of heating should be approached depending on current needs. So, if in winter the greenhouse needs to be heated for just a few weeks, then you can use cylinders rather than install expensive pipelines. Only then should the room be well ventilated. After all, plants do not tolerate excess hydrocarbons in the air.

In order to eliminate combustion waste, you can install a special exhaust device. As a result, oxygen will be supplied to required quantities to ensure a complete combustion process. In addition, thanks to the presence of an exhaust hood, gas will not be released into the air. For safety reasons, it is recommended to use heating devices equipped with automatic protection, which will immediately operate when the gas supply to the burner is stopped.

Stove heating

Stove heating does not require as much expense as electric heating. You can easily build a simple greenhouse oven yourself. Moreover, this will not require large financial investments. Let's consider the design principle of one of the furnace options:

1. The greenhouse vestibule is lined with brick. In this case, the chimney is laid along the entire length of the room (including under the beds and shelving). It heats the greenhouse, and carbon monoxide comes out on the other side.
2. The stove should not stand close to the end of the greenhouse. It is recommended that the distance between them be at least 250-270 millimeters. There should be at least 150 millimeters from the bed to the top of the hog.

There are other options for the device stove heating in the greenhouse. Let's talk about one of them:

1. Take a barrel with a capacity of about 3 cubic meters. To prevent it from rusting, we paint it inside in two layers.
2. Then holes are made inside it for the chimney and stove.
3. After which the stove is welded and inserted into the prepared barrel. Holes are cut at the top for the expansion barrel and at the bottom for the drain valve.
4. Now the chimney comes out of the container. A pipe 6 meters high is placed on it from the outside of the greenhouse.
5. Then an expansion tank with a capacity of 20 liters, welded from a sheet of iron, is installed on top of the barrel.
6. Then a 40x20x1.5 profile pipe is taken and the heating is welded from it. To ensure that the soil near the roots warms up well enough, the pipes are laid out on the ground with a distance between them of approximately 1-1.3 meters.
7. The water in the system must circulate. To do this you need to purchase a pump. Any wood can be used as fuel.
8. The drain valve at the bottom of the tank can be used for both drip irrigation and for draining water. In this case, climatic conditions and temperature are controlled remotely using electronic sensors installed in the greenhouse. The temperature value itself is visible on a digital display, which is convenient to install at home.

Combined heating

This method has become quite widespread. It allows you to respond very quickly to changes in operating conditions. So, for example, when there is a power outage, the heating method changes to another.

Heating greenhouses: video

Greenhouse products are sold all year round. If in summer all natural resources exist for growing crops favorable conditions, then in winter in the greenhouse it is necessary to create them using special equipment. This applies not only to additional lighting, but also to the heating of the structure.

Types of greenhouse structures

There are several types of greenhouses:

• winter;
• summer

They differ not only in their functionality, but also with their designs and the quality of the materials used for manufacturing. It is on such factors that the heating system depends.

Which greenhouses can be heated?

There are no restrictions on such actions. The choice of design type depends on the type of plants being grown. Heating a greenhouse with your own hands can be done in both winter and summer structures.

Important. It is worth considering that summer greenhouses can be used not only in the hot season. They are effectively used for growing plants in early spring or late autumn. In this case, it all depends on the material from which they are made.

The winter greenhouse is another matter. The heating in it must function constantly. This is due to the fact that in winter the temperature outside is quite low, which negatively affects the growth of plants and their development. In order for them to exist normally, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for this.

Characteristics of summer greenhouses

Summer structures are lighter and more mobile greenhouses. They can be easily mounted and dismantled. It all depends on their size and functionality.

They are made on the basis of a frame made of wood or metal. As a rule, all elements of such a structure are bolted together, which makes it possible to quickly disassemble the greenhouse.

Light materials are used as coating. Quite often they use polyethylene film, which has excellent technical properties and characteristics. There are a huge number of varieties of film.

Advice. When choosing such material, you need to focus on seasonal indicators. The colder it is outside, the thicker the film should be.

Installing polyethylene is quite simple with the help of available tools.

You can also use polycarbonate as a covering for summer greenhouses. It is more practical and durable.

Characteristics of winter greenhouses

These structures are already more fundamental, as they are used for growing plants in the cold season. Any incorrect installation actions can lead to the death of plants due to the harmful microclimate in the structure.

Such greenhouses are made on the basis of a durable frame. It can be either wooden or metal. There are various parameters for this design.

Advice. For longer use of the greenhouse, it is best to use a metal frame as a basis. It has a long service life and is able to withstand any technical loads.

Any type of plant can be grown in such greenhouses. Polycarbonate is used as a covering for the greenhouse. For these purposes only special type of this material- cell phone. It consists of certain cells.

The main advantage of polycarbonate is its ability to perfectly retain heat inside the structure and dissipate sunlight when it hits the surface of the greenhouse.

Important. If there are some restrictions for heating a summer greenhouse, then polycarbonate can be made in a variety of ways. The most important thing is that the plants feel comfortable in the created conditions.

Methods for manufacturing a heating system

Today, the heating system in any type of greenhouse structure can be homemade or purchased from an official manufacturer. All of these methods of heating a structure have their own specific pros and cons.

Advantages of a homemade heating system

To save a little money, many try to do it themselves. But only in such works there are some nuances. First, you need to know the layout of the heating system. Secondly, understand at least a little about its connection system.

As a rule, heating a greenhouse with your own hands can be installed using special equipment: boilers, heating electrical systems and other things. Boilers can be solid fuel or gas powered.

Important. Gas boilers For heating, greenhouses can only be used in areas where there is a central city gas supply pipe. You should not use standard cylinders, since this method is not economically viable.

Special electrical equipment can be used in structures small size. Otherwise, you will need a fairly large number of devices to heat the greenhouse, which will negatively affect the costs of doing business.

Varieties of homemade heating systems in a greenhouse

Before you make heating in the greenhouse yourself, you need to study all possible heating connection schemes and the basis of their functioning. On this moment There is:

• using waste (oil).

The principles of such heating systems in greenhouses are similar. It’s just that different raw materials are used for heating.

How to make heating yourself

To do it yourself, you need to think about how the oil or water will heat up. These may be special boilers. Only here you cannot do without an interrupted supply of electricity, since equipment of this type works only from it.

Pipes with water or oil are distributed around the entire perimeter of the structure. It is best if they are cast iron or plain metal. These materials heat up quite well, retain heat and release it.

Advice. All elements of the heating system must be fastened together by welding. Before pouring liquid into the pipes, you need to check them for integrity.

It will be necessary to install a special pumping equipment to circulate fluid throughout the system. This is the only way the water or oil will heat up evenly.

Factory-produced heating systems

At the moment, the greenhouse heating system can be factory-made. It is based on certain ready-made equipment, which is simply and quickly connected according to the prescribed instructions.

Advice. It is not recommended to make all such connections yourself, as you can make a mistake that will cause damage to all equipment. It is best to invite a professional in this field.

Types of factory-produced heating systems

Today, heating systems in a factory-produced greenhouse can be different. The most popular is infrared heating greenhouses This heating method began to be used relatively recently, but has already won its supporters.

Infrared heating of a greenhouse is most often chosen to heat the structure in winter. There is special equipment for this.

At the moment there may be such heating systems:

• intrasoil;
• superficial.

Heating a greenhouse in winter from these types is selected based on what plants are grown in the structure.

Advice. If the crops grown like excessive heat, then you can give preference to subsoil heating. Otherwise, it is best not to take risks, as the crops may dry out and die.

Surface heating of a greenhouse in winter using infrared radiation can be used in any design and for any crop. The most important thing is that there is an optimal temperature and humidity level inside.

How to connect your own subsurface heating system

Many people are interested in the question of how to make heating in a greenhouse on their own. It's quite simple. You need to initially decide on the equipment. It can be block or in the form of plates.

Advice. For subsoil heating of a structure, it is best to give preference to infrared plates. They perform their functions more efficiently.

Need to be done right away preparatory work. These include conducting electricity to the site. It is best to use a separate line for this to protect other equipment and wires from overheating and burning out.

A control panel must be installed on the greenhouse or next to this structure. It allows you to adjust the temperature and turn the system on or off.

All plates are placed inside the soil at a depth that must correspond to the size of the root system of the crop being grown. It is best if they are at a distance of 20-30 cm from it.

The soil is already laid on top of them. Only here it is worth considering that infrared heating cannot be used on soils with elements charcoal. The ground will become very hot, and root system it will simply burn out from such exposure.

Heating systems can not only create a favorable microclimate inside the structure, but also harm the crop being grown. The most difficult thing will be to choose the optimal heating mode.

It should also be taken into account that if the greenhouse has its own heating system, then ventilation should be carried out regularly. Especially if the greenhouse is heated from polycarbonate, since this material reliably holds heated air inside.

Ventilation helps remove heated air from the greenhouse. This can be done using special equipment, which is installed in the structure itself and operates automatically under certain settings, or manual ventilation, which consists of independently ventilating the greenhouse by opening doors and vents.

Advice. There must be windows in the greenhouse, since the heated air rises and can be completely removed from the greenhouse using easy opening the door won't work.

Ventilation can be done automatically. For this there is special equipment. It works from temperature sensors inside the greenhouse. As soon as the set heating mode is reached, the door or window technology is activated and the structure begins to be ventilated.

When manually ventilating, it is worth considering that it is best to do it in warm weather: late morning, lunchtime. In the evening, the structure can be ventilated only when the seedlings or crops are being hardened.

There is one more nuance. If you do not have knowledge in the field of connecting a heating system, then it is better to trust professionals in this field. Only they can give guarantees for their work and will perform it efficiently and in the prescribed manner.

Today, farmers who grow food in all seasons are interested in heating a greenhouse.

Heating the greenhouse in winter and autumn will allow you to grow various plants in any season.

You can do the heating of the greenhouse yourself or invite a specialist, but in any case, you first need to choose suitable look heating.

Possible heating installation projects and instructions on how to make calculations for the work are presented in the article.

Greenhouse heating options

Exists various ways heating of a winter greenhouse: gas, air, water, stove, electric.

All of these methods have certain advantages and disadvantages, so all systems need to be considered.

To select heating, you need to take into account the size of the greenhouse, the type of heating of the residential building on the site, financial capabilities and the type of greenhouse.

For example, there is no need to install complex, expensive heating systems suitable for industrial premises in small greenhouses.

Only correct calculation will allow you to obtain the correct heat distribution.

As already mentioned, only correct calculation will ensure high-quality heating of the winter greenhouse. The calculation is necessary to determine the volume of the heating system, the power of the boilers and the number of radiators.

Heating a polycarbonate greenhouse requires making calculations in advance and carefully.

The calculation is made based on indicators such as design parameters, temperature environment. After making the calculation, you can choose the right way heating

The result will be a heated greenhouse even in winter, when the earth and plants need warmth.

Water heating operates on the basis of electricity or gas. Electric way Suitable for heating polycarbonate greenhouses.

Heating is provided hot water flowing through a pipeline located in the ground.

This heating system is a closed arrangement of pipes in which water circulates until it cools and then enters boilers for heating.

The cycle with the boiler is repeated until the system turns off.

The water method has its drawbacks: slow heating of pipes, expensive boilers, constant monitoring.

The main component of a water system is a boiler, in which water is heated and then pumped into the pipes. Pipes are installed in plastic, copper and steel.

The best option is plastic pipes, as they are lightweight, do not rust, and are also inexpensive.

Plastic pipes are ideal for heating the soil.

With infrared heating of a winter greenhouse, heating can be carried out infrared lamp and an infrared heater.

Heating a greenhouse with an infrared heater has the following advantages:

• High heat transfer intensity;
• Only the soil and plants are heated, but the air is not heated;
• Economical, since the heater does not work constantly - it turns on at the moment when you need to maintain a certain temperature. To do this, you can install a thermostat that will control the desired temperature.

An additional advantage is the safety of infrared rays for people and plants, since natural climatic conditions are created for growing plants.

In this case important point is a competent calculation required power heating

The next type of heating is air heating, which is based on boilers. The coolant here is air.

The work is carried out according to the following principle: the air is heated between the boiler and the firebox and then distributed through the air ducts. Such heating is also suitable for industrial scale.

The soil is heated warm air, which comes from polyethylene sleeves lined around the perimeter of the greenhouse structure.

This type of heating has high speed heating, regardless of area.

However, when using such heating, you must constantly monitor the humidity level of the greenhouse. As the temperature rises, this figure decreases.

Heating a winter greenhouse with wood is considered one of the inexpensive options.

Heating a greenhouse with wood has the following advantages: quick heating of the room, maintaining the temperature at the required level for a long time, and cost-effectiveness.

Heating with solar batteries is often used, which accumulates solar energy capable of maintaining the required temperature.

The gas heating system has a stable supply, but the disadvantage is the production of hydrocarbons, which harms the plants, so it is recommended to ventilate the greenhouse.

The design of a gas heating system depends on the frequency of use.

So, for example, if the heating is turned on for a short time, then you can use cylinders without pipelines.

To eliminate combustion waste, an exhaust hood is installed, which also prevents the release of gas into the air.

When heating with gas, for safety, you need to install heating devices with automatic protection that is triggered when the gas supply to the burner is stopped.

You can organize stove heating of a winter greenhouse, which is more economical compared to electric heating. Using a stove is great for heating a polycarbonate greenhouse.

The stove can be fired with wood. The construction of the furnace can be done with your own hands without significant financial costs. The choice of stove should be made based on the scale of the greenhouse.

With a pyrolysis boiler, the heating system will be more advanced.

Installation of heating systems

Having decided on the choice of heating system, you can proceed to installation work. Below we will look at how to make heating in a greenhouse.

Water system

There are two ways to make water heating. Let's look at the first one.

As a heater, you can use an old fire extinguisher, the top of which is cut off. At the bottom you need to install an electric heater with a power of 1 kW, for example, from an electric samovar.

Then the electric heater is filled with water, and two water pipes are connected to the fire extinguisher using nuts and rubber seals.

Now let's look at the second method, which requires a 40-liter boiler and a 2 kW electric heater.

The operating principle is as follows: the water, gradually heating up, rises through the pipe into the expansion tank, then passes through a pipeline located along the perimeter of the greenhouse structure at a slope.

The boiler can be a large-diameter pipe, to the end of which the bottom must be welded.

The electric heater must be connected to the plug with an insulated electrical wire. All joints must be properly sealed.

The expansion tank can be made from pipe scraps. Tank volume – no more than 30 liters. In order to connect the boiler and riser, you need to weld couplings on both sides of the tank.

You also need to make a hole in the tank through which water will be added.

The boiler must be grounded, for which a three-core wire of at least 500 V is used. Two wires are intended for the heater phase, one for the boiler.

The key point of water heating is the ability to use solid fuel boilers, which can be located in a greenhouse or in another separate room.

If boilers are placed separately, then a significant part of the heat emanating directly from the boiler is lost.

Such boilers are economical and fireproof; they are often used in industrial greenhouses.

Air system

Organize air heating easy for a greenhouse.

To do this, you will need a metal pipe with a diameter of 55 cm and a length of 2 m, one end of which is inserted into the greenhouse, and a fire is built under the other.

It is the constant maintenance of the fire that is a big disadvantage.

Due to the fire, the air in the pipe is quickly heated, which penetrates into the structure.

Heating with solar batteries

For this system you need to do solar battery, the power of which is calculated in advance.

To do this, you need to dig a hole 13-14 cm deep in the greenhouse and cover it thermal insulation material, for example, polystyrene or other material with good thermal insulation properties.

Then you need to lay polyethylene for waterproofing, and cover it with wet sand on top. Finally, the hole is filled in on the ground.

Such a system will provide round-the-clock heating of the greenhouse, but still cannot be the main method of heating due to the small number of sunny days.

Furnace system

To build a stove, the vestibule of the greenhouse must be lined with bricks, and the chimney must be laid along the entire length of the structure. The location of the stove should be 30 cm from the end of the greenhouse.

There is another way to construct a furnace. The calculation for it is as follows: you need a barrel with a volume of at least 3 cubic meters, in which you need to make holes for the chimney and stove. The oven base is then inserted into the hole.

Now you need to remove the chimney from the container and place a 5.5 m high pipe on it outside the greenhouse.

Then an expansion tank is installed on the barrel, and from profile pipe It is necessary to make heating by welding and lay the pipes on the ground in increments of one meter.

If you follow the instructions, there will be no difficulties during installation of the stove.

Thus, you can do any greenhouse heating with your own hands, having projects in front of you to work on. The main thing is to strictly follow the instructions and observe safety precautions.