What is the normal temperature in an apartment in winter? The normal temperature in the apartment is the key to comfort. Recalculation of utility bills for heating
Read also
5/5 (21)
According to GOST R 51617-2000 “Housing and communal services. General technical conditions", standard temperature regime during heating season should be between 18-25°C. Moreover, each individual room has its own standard.
In a living room, this indicator should not be lower than 18°C (deviations from the norm within 3 degrees are permissible only at night from 0.00 to 5.00) and higher than 24°C, and in the bathroom - not lower than 25°C. The minimum temperature in a corner apartment is 20°C. For a staircase landing in the entrance of a residential apartment building, the heat standard is within 14-20°C, and for the inter-apartment corridor - from 16 to 22°C. Temperatures below 4°C are not allowed in attics and basements of apartment buildings.
Indoor temperature standards
Fixed standard temperature conditions for rooms in which people live in winter period time, serves “GOST R 51617 – 2000. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions".
This GOST indicates compliance with temperature conditions in the range from 18 to 25 degrees. According to this range, the temperature regime for the rooms in the living area is fixed.
In other words, the air temperature in the room should be 18 degrees or more, and in the bathroom the thermometer should show at least 25 degrees Celsius. The smaller difference can only be at night (0-00 – 05-00) and no more than 3 degrees Celsius.
SanPiN also enshrines maximum rate temperature. So, in the living room the temperature should not be higher than 24 degrees Celsius. The lowest temperature in an apartment located in the corner of an apartment building should be no lower than 20 degrees.
The temperature in the stairwell of the entrance is fixed in the range from 14 to 20 degrees, and in the corridor between the apartments - from 16 to 22 degrees Celsius.
The most comprehensive temperature indicators for all types of premises are fixed in Sanitary rules and standards.
In production where people work, the indoor air temperature should be from 16 to 24 degrees Celsius in accordance with the energy consumption of work activities.
On technical floors and in basements apartment buildings the air temperature should not be lower than 4 degrees Celsius.
ATTENTION! Look at the completed sample application to the Criminal Code for measuring the temperature in the apartment:
Factors influencing air temperature in housing
The temperature readings in a living room are influenced by various factors, namely external ones.
They vary depending on:
- interruptions in heating supply;
- natural features;
- season;
- apartment location.
The period of the heating season directly depends on the place in which the owners of residential premises live. For example, in northern regions the heating season schedule will differ from southern latitudes.
Even such natural factors as Atmosphere pressure and air humidity can affect the temperature in a living room.
When a different time of year approaches, the temperature regime in residential premises changes. In the cold season, the temperature will be lower, and in the summer – higher.
At the end of the heating season, the heat supply stops and the heating systems become cold, accordingly, the air temperature in residential premises drops.
In central Russia, the normal value in the cold season is 22 degrees Celsius, and in the summer – 25. The difference is only 3 degrees Celsius, but it has great importance for citizens who live in residential premises.
Heating season dates
The beginning of the heating season is determined in the case of individual heating equipment independently, and with central heating local authorities in accordance with certain conditions.
According to established rules, the heating season begins when average temperature air for a separate period of time below 8 degrees Celsius, namely for 5 days in a row, and the heating season ends with an average daily temperature above 8 degrees Celsius.
How to measure the temperature in an apartment during the heating season
Before measuring the air temperature in the room, take some measures to identify negative conditions:
- do not measure the room temperature on a clear sunny day, otherwise the measurement readings will be incorrect due to the fact that the room will be additionally heated by the sun's rays;
- Make sure that the room in which the measurement will be carried out has been thermally insulated and there are no causes of heat leakage.
Be sure to measure the air temperature in at least 2 rooms. One-room apartments do not fall under this criterion, where the window occupies 30% of the wall area.
Measurements must be taken at a distance of 50 centimeters from outer wall and from heating radiators, and the measurement height should correspond to 60 centimeters.
If, as a result of your temperature measurement, it is revealed that the measured temperature differs from the norm, inform the emergency dispatch service about this.
In the event that a deviation in the temperature regime in the heat supply is associated with non-natural events (an accident on the heating main), a dispatch service employee sends a repair team to the call and draws up a measurement report.
The measurement is carried out using a registered device, which must include all the necessary documents:
- date and place of compilation;
- description of the living space;
- officials included in the commission;
- information about the device;
- instrument readings;
- signatures of all commission members.
The executed document must be drawn up in at least two copies, one each for the parties: the owner of the residential premises and for the organization conducting the measurement.
ATTENTION! View the completed sample temperature control report:
Watch the video. What should be the temperature in the apartment during the heating season:
Standard indicators of air exchange rate
Air temperature readings in a residential area are not the only criterion that affects the comfortable and safe stay of citizens in a residential area.
An important factor is the exchange of air in the room, namely the possibility of access to fresh air and ventilation of the room.
Such parameters are also enshrined in the law and are contained in SanPiN. The required air exchange rate in a living space with an area of 18 square meters, will be equal to 3 cubic meters per hour per meter squared, and for the kitchen this parameter should be three times larger.
The air exchange rate is the ratio of the air removed and supplied from a living space per hour to the volume of a given living space.
How to measure coolant
The coolant in the heating system is hot water supplied to the living space. Take a measurement hot water can be done in different ways, but the most common is using a thermometer; to do this, fill a container with hot water from the tap and take a measurement.
Another way is to measure the temperature of the pipes in the heating system. The thermometer readings should correspond to 50-70 degrees.
Responsibility of utilities for violation of temperature standards
It's worth talking about regulations legal documents"Rules and regulations technical operation housing stock,” section two states that the responsibility of public utilities includes maintaining communication systems in residential buildings.
Its activities include carrying out activities aimed at ensuring the satisfactory functioning of the heating system, as well as sewerage and water supply.
This norm is enshrined in Resolution of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation No. 170 dated September 27, 2003. So, if your house is under the control of housing and communal services, then direct questions regarding the satisfactory operation of the heating system there.
The institution that maintains your home is responsible for maintaining the temperature regime for residential premises as set out in SanPiN.
The powers of the housing and communal services authorities also include responsibilities for monitoring the temperature regime in the coolant (hot water outlet - return).
The responsibilities of the housing and communal services service should also include such issues as:
- assessment of the condition of utility networks;
- carrying out work in accordance with the regulations, which are aimed at identifying defects in the common property of an apartment building, established by the standards, etc.
Attention! During the inspection, it is necessary to draw up a report that reflects all technical issues indicating the date and measures taken to eliminate the defects.
According to the inspection reports, the owners of residential premises have the right to make a decision that identifies some problems with thermal communications enshrined in SNiPs, and to submit requirements to eliminate these problems.
The drawn up acts have full legal force and can be used as evidence in various authorities.
An inspection of the central heating system must be carried out by a specialist who is obliged, if a malfunction is detected, to take measures to eliminate it, and also to prevent cases of excessive heat consumption in an apartment building.
Attention! Our qualified lawyers will assist you free of charge and around the clock on any issues. Find out more
This inspection must be carried out at intervals of once a calendar year. During such an inspection, shortcomings must be identified and appropriate work must be carried out to eliminate them, then the apartment building must be prepared for the heating season.
Based on the previously stated, we can conclude that responsibility for the work carried out in an apartment building and preparatory activities there will be a management company entrusted with these responsibilities.
If there are interruptions in the operation of the heating system, it immediately comes into view energy company, which is responsible for supplying hot water to apartment buildings.
The company that supplies heat to apartment buildings is responsible only for the temperature of the coolant, because it must comply with established standards, and for the corresponding pressure in the heating main.
The energy company is responsible for the operation of thermal backbone networks to the connection point of the apartment building. After the connection point, all responsibility falls on the shoulders of the management company.
There are cases when heating the coolant is not suitable for warming up an apartment building; there may be interruptions in connecting the central heating at the agreed time.
IN in this case The energy company that supplies the coolant to the apartment building will be responsible for such interruptions.
The legislation clearly establishes the right of citizens to reduce payments for supplied heat in the amount of 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance with the temperature regime, which is not observed by the housing and communal services.
If you carefully calculate, then for a month of supplying heat of inadequate quality, payment for it should be less than 10% of the total cost of the service. Of course, if utility employees are against this action, go to court.
What needs to be done and where to send your appeal if the heating system operates intermittently?
Who is responsible for poor quality heating in an apartment building, we already have an idea. So what to do if the complaint does not lead to the expected result, and the heat continues to be supplied intermittently, and the situation changes in better side not expected.
Sequencing:
- find out phone numbers emergency services Housing and communal services of the region, city;
- send a complaint to government bodies Housing Inspectorate;
- file a claim with the local company that supplies the heat;
- send a complaint to Rospotrebnadzor;
- contact local authorities;
- send a complaint to the Antimonopoly Service, which is responsible for the energy company and water utility;
- submit information to the media;
- send statement of claim to court for utility services and a heat and power company.
ATTENTION! View the completed sample application for recalculation of heating fees:
For many Russians, paying utility bills is associated with constant stress, especially in winter. After all, residents of houses often, in most cases old building, complain about the cold in the apartment, but at the same time they have to pay in full for the missing heat.
Insufficient heating of the premises is caused by the fact that the coolant, for some reason, does not warm up as it should. To control this issue, the standard temperature in the apartment during the heating season was introduced. It helps, with the help of government regulations, to prove that the residents are not too heat-loving, and the utility service is not able to fix problems in a timely manner.
Factors affecting temperature
The final temperature in the apartment can depend on many factors. The main and most significant ones are the following:
- Climate in the region;
- Season;
- Human factor: number of residents, their age and subjective preferences;
- The location of the apartment, its technical features and the condition of the coolants.
Since each parameter affects the final result in its own way, we will study them in more detail.
Climatic conditions
Depending on the region in which the consumer’s home is located, the temperature level inside is set. So, in remote regions in the north it is quite cold, and in southern latitudes the home temperature will be noticeably higher. In addition, it is important to take into account the humidity of the street air, atmospheric pressure and the amount of precipitation outside the window.
Season
The time of year has the most direct impact on the climate in the apartment: in summer the temperature will be high, and in winter it will drop significantly. In the spring, utility companies stop the heating season, which also affects the thermometer readings. If autumn turns out to be cold, the apartment can be almost as cold as in winter.
According to GOST R 51617-2000 “Housing and communal services. General technical conditions" the temperature in the apartment should be within 18-25 degrees Celsius
In the majority Russian regions optimal temperature in a residential area is in the following range:
- from 19 to 23 o – in winter months;
- from 24 to 27 o - in the summer months.
Despite the fact that a difference of 3-4 degrees seems insignificant at first glance, in reality these changes are very noticeable. In winter, due to lack of ventilation, the air becomes drier and the temperature seems lower than it actually is.
Housing Features
Several other components of a comfortable atmosphere in the house are the area of the premises, the height of the ceilings, the location of the home and even the presence of furniture. Apartment with high ceilings will warm up worse due to large area. And in the corner apartment it will be a little colder than in the central one - the latter is protected from the wind by neighboring apartments.
Also influence specifications housing. Among them:
- Battery size. The larger the radiator, the higher the room temperature will be. However, experts do not recommend that residents change the number of battery sections on their own. Due to such manipulations, the pressure in the heating system may drop and the radiators will not warm up completely.
- Energy-saving double-glazed windows. The room where such a double-glazed window is installed is much warmer than the rest. This design reliably protects from cold and wind, but at the same time easily lets the sun's rays in.
- Insulation of walls. Walls finished inside or outside thermal insulation material, will help reduce heat loss in the room.
- Additional elements. If you install a heat-reflecting screen next to the battery, the generated heat will be directed inside the apartment, better warming the room. Carpet on the walls or insulated linoleum on the floor will also help maintain a comfortable temperature.
Human factor
Temperature has different effects on people of different genders and ages. For example, men will feel comfortable in lower temperatures than women.
Pets feel warmth and when it gets cold they look for the warmest place
In an apartment where children live, it is very important to regularly check the norm, because children’s bodies are not yet able to independently increase or decrease heat transfer. Children tend to freeze or overheat faster than adults, so the average temperature in the children's room should be kept at +22 degrees. The same applies to older people: they are very sensitive to temperature changes.
Temperature standards in the apartment
Standards for temperature in residential premises during the heating season are legalized, and violation of them may result in administrative or criminal penalties. They are determined by sanitary and building codes and regulations, and are an absolute law for public utilities.
At what temperature do you turn on the heating?
The nuances of the beginning of the heating season are provided for by Decree of the Russian Government No. 354 of May 6, 2011. According to it, the batteries in apartments are turned on when the average daily temperature drops below +8 C o. Moreover, this indicator should not change within 5 days.
According to the rules, the heating season begins when the average daily temperature is below 8 °C for 5 days in a row
For example, if for two days in a row the temperature remained at +6, and then rose to +9, and in the next two days it dropped again to +7, then the heating will not be turned on. The batteries are disconnected according to the same scheme: the temperature outside must remain above +8 C for 5 days in a row.
It is important! As a rule, the heating season in most Russian regions starts in mid-October and ends in April.
Temperature standards
To ensure that residents feel comfortable staying in their apartment, each room and space must have its own temperature settings. According to GOST and SNiP, the most comfortable temperature for humans ranges from 19 to 25 degrees.
With standards for residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building can be found in the table below.
| Season | Room | Air temperature, C o | |
| minimum | optimal | ||
| Winter/cold spring | from 18 | 20-22 | |
| Bedroom | from 16 | 18-20 | |
| Living room in regions where the temperature stays below -31C o for 5 days | from 20 | 21-23 | |
| Children's room | from 21 | 22-24 | |
| Kitchen, toilet | from 18 | 19-22 | |
| Bathroom/WC | from 18 | 24-26 | |
| landing | from 14 | 16-18 | |
| Pantry | from 12 | 16-18 | |
| Summer | Living room or any living room | from 20 | 20-25 |
According to SanPin standards, the minimum difference between temperatures in different rooms should not be more than 3 degrees.
It is important! At night, the air temperature outside the windows drops sharply, regardless of the time of year, so dark time Small temperature fluctuations are permissible throughout the day.
The minimum temperature in a corner apartment is 20 °C
Medical component
We found that the optimal temperature for a living room is 22 C o. However, medical standards introduce another very important indicator- air humidity. If it does not exceed 40%, and temperature standards are met, then the person in the room will be comfortable. Otherwise, health problems may begin:
- Irritation of the nasal mucosa;
- Production of mucus in the nasopharynx;
- Decreased immunity to acute respiratory viral infections;
- Psycho-emotional state disorder.
More high humidity only allowed in the bathroom. The bathroom must be protected from mold and excessive dampness, so higher temperatures are permissible here. It neutralizes the harmful effects of water vapor, so there is no threat to health.
Cool bedroom temperatures promote quick relaxation and deep sleep, helping your body get a full night's rest. The kitchen should not be too hot because the stove and other heating elements the temperature will increase in any case.
The increased temperature in the nursery creates an optimal level for regulating heat exchange in small residents. So, in the apartment, where in this moment there is a child, the temperature should be increased by at least 1 degree. During bathing, the temperature in the bathroom should be 28 C o.
How to correctly measure the temperature in an apartment
To ensure that deviations from the norm can be tracked, it is recommended to regularly measure the temperature in living rooms. Moreover, it is important to do it correctly, taking into account everything technical requirements. They look like this:
- The measurement is taken at a level of 1 m from the outer wall and 1.5 m from the floor covering;
- The presence of factors that can affect the temperature in the room is not allowed: cracks, heaters, open windows/doors, direct sunlight;
- The readings are recorded hourly throughout the day, after which the average is calculated;
- The weather on the day of the test should be neutral; extreme heat or abnormal cold is not allowed.
When measuring, a deviation is considered to be a temperature below the standard. In cases where self-measurement shows a deviation from the norm, you must contact the dispatch service. After the call, an emergency team is sent to the resident’s address and draws up an official inspection report. The document contains the following information:
- Technical description of the apartment, including its location (corner, central), area and other data;
- List of persons who took their temperature;
- Description of the device used for measurements;
- Recorded temperature readings;
- Signatures of all participants.
The act is filled out in two copies: one of them remains in the hands of the apartment owners.
It is important! If measurements showed that the water temperature in the radiator was lower by 3 C o during the day, and by 5 C o at night, the management company is obliged to recalculate the cost utilities. The amount by which the cost of housing and communal services will be reduced depends on the area of the premises. How more spacious apartment, the less you will need to pay.
Air exchange rate in residential premises
In addition to temperature and humidity, another important factor influences a person’s comfort in an apartment – air exchange. This is a process during which the already exhausted air in the room is replaced by fresh air partially or completely. To start air exchange, ventilation is carried out regularly.
This indicator indicates how many times per hour the air in the room is completely replaced with clean air. This value depends on the characteristics of the room and its area. So, if in an hour a volume of air equal to the volume of the room is replaced in a room, this is called a single air exchange. And if the volume of air is renewed, similar to only half the volume of the room, this is considered a 0.5-fold air exchange.
Air exchange rates
This parameter, like the others, is controlled by SanPiN standards. According to the document, the standards by type of premises are distributed as follows:
- Living space up to 25 m2 - air exchange of at least 3 m3 / h per m2;
- Kitchen with a gas stove - 9 m 3 / h per m 2, with an electric stove - 9 m 3 / h per m 2;
- Other rooms up to 20 m 2 - 1 m 3 / h per m 2.
As a rule, residents of apartment buildings do not undertake to measure the air exchange rate on their own, since this is a complex procedure that requires additional equipment. Most often, measurements are carried out by professional bureaus and laboratories.
However, if there is no trust in experts or there is a strong desire to record the indicators yourself, then this can be done in two ways:
- Purchase of the “Air door” device. The structure is installed in a door or window opening. A fan in its structure forces air into the room, then the multiplicity index is measured.
- Thermal anemometer and balometer. The first device shows the speed at which the air moves in the room, and the second shows its volume.
Determination of coolant temperature in batteries
The room temperature largely depends on how hot the batteries are in the apartment. For coolant temperature, there are also specific standards and ways to record indicators.
The infrared thermometer is designed for non-contact measurement of the temperature of various objects, including heating radiators
You can measure the temperature of the coolant using several methods:
- An ordinary thermometer. The hot water that flows from the tap in the bathroom is the coolant from the radiator. Therefore, the easiest way is to take hot water into a glass and measure its temperature by lowering a regular thermometer into it.
- Infrared/alcohol thermometer. In this way, the indicator is measured directly on the heating battery. If the procedure is performed with an alcohol thermometer, it is necessary to tightly tape it to the radiator and cover it with thermal insulation on top.
- Electric thermometer. A more complex, but most accurate measuring device. The thermocouples are attached to the battery, after which the “temperature measurement” function is activated and measurements are taken.
Each equipment has permissible deviations: for an alcohol thermometer, a deviation of 2 C o is considered normal, for an infrared thermometer - 0.5 C o.
Central heating
In some situations, after turning on the heating, nothing changes. The apartment is still as cold as before due to the fact that the radiators are not warmed up enough. There may be several reasons for this, and the most common is the entry of a large volume of air into the system.
For most heating systems installed in apartment buildings, there is no minimum temperature norm. The reference point is the air temperature in the room: if it meets the standards, then everything is in order with the degree of heating of the radiators.
Some heating systems it can still be controlled. Thus, the standards existing in regulatory acts can be applied to structures in which the pipe has a lower central supply to the radiator. These standards depend on climatic conditions outside the apartment.
You need to focus on the following indicators:
- Outdoor temperature from +6 C o: water inlet – min. +55 C o, output – no more than +40 C o;
- Temperature 0 ... +6 C o: at the inlet – +66 C o, return – up to +50 C o;
- Temperature outside the window from -5 C o: start – +77 C o, end – no higher than 55 C o.
In addition, sanitary standards provide for permissible temperature indicators for two-pipe and single-pipe heating systems. The regulations allow the following maximum temperatures:
- For two-pipe system– 95 C o;
- For single-pipe – 105 C o.
It is important! If during daytime measurements the average value is below the norm by 4 C o, and during night measurements – by 5 C o, you need to contact utility companies to recalculate the cost of services.
Hot water supply
IN winter time The main indicator of problems in the heating system is the temperature of hot water from the tap. It should be in the range from +64 o to +76 o. To find out the water temperature, the following algorithm is performed:
- Place a deep bowl in the bathtub or sink.
- You must immediately put an alcohol thermometer into the container, then it is filled with hot water.
- The thermometer remains in the water for about 10 minutes, after which you can pour out the liquid and record the temperature.
If the result obtained is 3 degrees less or more than normal, then the temperature is fine.
In winter, the hot water temperature should be in the range from +64 o to +76 o
And if the temperature during the heating season is below normal
If the central heating does not cope with the assigned tasks, and the apartments are not much warmer than outside in the cool season, then the service is not of sufficient quality. The procedure for resolving the situation is regulated by the Rules for the provision of public services.
According to federal documents, both the owner of the apartment and the tenant can contact the management company. The tariff will be recalculated by 0.15% for each hour when the specified standards were not met. The circulation algorithm will be like this:
- The person living in the apartment notifies the utility service about a violation of the temperature regime by calling or writing.
- The dispatcher records the owner’s request and informs the applicant of his full name, time of registration of the request and its number.
- By agreement with the applicant, an inspection date is set. Management specialists come to the site and independently measure the temperature.
It is important! If the applicant has not set a convenient inspection date, utility companies are required to begin measurements before two hours have elapsed from the date of registration of the application.
Based on the results, a report is filled out, where, if any, all violations found are indicated. It should also be recorded which device was used to measure the temperature and at what time. All those present are required to sign the document. If representatives of the management company refuse to confirm low quality services provided, a re-inspection begins under the supervision of representatives of the housing inspection.
Responsibility of utilities for temperature violations
If the utility workers do not carry out the inspection within the agreed time frame, the apartment owner can independently draw up an inspection report with the participation of a representative of the HOA and two neighbors. Witnesses will have to ensure the correctness of the verification and the accuracy of the data entered into the report.
After drawing up the act, the victim has the right to send a claim to the management company with a document attached and demand a recalculation of the cost of the services provided.
It is important! Based on the complaint, representatives of the management organization must eliminate all violations found, after which it is imperative to ensure that the situation improves. After the work has been completed, utility workers inspect the premises again and draw up a report where new data is recorded.
How to file a complaint
In the event that utility workers were unable to completely eliminate the problems or completely ignored the complaint, the homeowner has the right to send a complaint to higher authorities. Representatives of:
- Housing Inspectorate;
- Prosecutor's Office;
- Society for the Protection of Consumer Rights.
A report with recorded temperature readings and a letter describing the problem must be sent to the regulatory authority.
To achieve a solution to the problem through the court, you need to prepare:
- A completed inspection report;
- An application submitted by the dispatch service;
- Copies of all applications;
- Confirmation of serviceability of the device used to measure the temperature (copies of compliance).
By a court decision, a representative of the management company is obliged to eliminate all violations within the period specified in the court order.
Recalculation of heating fees
The recalculation is regulated by the appendix to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 of May 23, 2006. Representatives of the management company have the right to reduce the amount of the account if:
- During the day, the temperature in the rooms in the apartment remains less than 17 C o, in the corner room - up to 21 C o;
- In one calendar month, the total duration of heating outages reached 24 hours;
- At outside temperature less than -30 C o heating standards have not reached +20 C o for an ordinary living room and +22 C o for a corner room.
- There were one-time radiator shutdowns for at least 15 hours at street air temperatures below 11 C o.
If the temperature in the apartment stays below 14 C for several days, citizens have the right not to pay for the service at all. In addition, an application for recalculation is submitted in the event of a breakdown of the heating battery.
According to the law, citizens have the right to demand a recalculation of heat payments by 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance with temperature standards
At the same time, a reduction in the cost of services provided may be refused if:
- Heat loss occurs in the room through cracks or open windows;
- Walls, windows or doors are not insulated;
- Recorded in risers increased content air.
During the year, a one-time recalculation of the cost of utilities is possible. Experts warn that recalculation is a lengthy procedure that requires the collection of a large number of documents. Therefore, before you begin the registration process, you need to carefully prepare.
A utility service is an organization that is required to monitor the level of customer service and respond to the slightest temperature discrepancies. A homeowner who knows exactly what the temperature should be in each room will be able to quickly respond to problems and regain their rights to receive quality services.
Quite often we hear complaints: “It’s cold at home! Why should we pay for barely warm batteries? What should be the temperature in the apartment in winter? Let's look at these issues and find out in which cases it is legal to file a complaint with the Housing Office and in which cases it is not.
Heating season
For every little thing in Russia there are special regulatory documents. Our legislators did not ignore the climate inside homes. They clearly established what temperature should be in the apartment of the average resident of the country. The law states that the period when the premises begin to be heated centrally occurs when the temperature outside has been at “plus eight” for five days. The heating season ends similarly. Again, short frosts in the off-season do not oblige housing offices to anything.
But what if the heating season has begun, but it’s still cold in the house? Residents can write a statement to the Housing Office. However, the concepts of “cold” and “hot” are very subjective. In order not to be unfounded in your complaint, you need to measure the temperature with a thermometer and provide clear figures for the indicators. Thus, the law meticulously establishes minimum standards for different rooms: in the living corner room it should be +20, in the kitchen - +18, and in the bathroom, where we have to strip naked - and everything is +25.
There are also clearly defined standards on this issue. Hot water should be supplied to the taps all year round: not lower than + 50 and not higher (to avoid burns) + 70 degrees. During the heating season, such water should also fill the radiators. How to check if hot water is supplied to your home as required by regulations? Open the tap, place a glass with a thermometer. A deviation of 4 degrees is allowed, but only upward.
Troubleshooting
Perhaps the housing office is not to blame for anything, and your batteries are simply “airy.” In this case, the tenant writes a statement to the DEZ.
Recalculation of heating charges
If you suffer from a systematic deviation of indicators from accepted standards (and they are determined by special Rules, which describe in great detail how services are provided for which utility bills are charged), you can start a lawsuit. As a result, housing and communal services will either fix problems with heating, or you will pay less for it. Even in the event of an accident or other emergency, it is clearly stated how long people can remain without hot water. According to Section VIII of the above Rules, residents must report in writing to the service dealing with accidents (housing office, housing and communal services, etc.) about all problems, including improper indoor climate. A commission comes with an inspection and draws up a report indicating what temperature should be in the apartment, and what it actually is. This document is signed by the complainant himself. If the commission does not appear, a similar act can be drawn up by the tenant, who took neighbors as witnesses. Fee recalculation is set for the entire " glacial period- until the breakdown is fixed and your home becomes warm again.
What temperature should the apartment be? The norm is 21-23 °C, but there are small nuances.
Factors influencing the temperature in the apartment
First of all, let's take into account external factors affecting the temperature in the apartment. Room temperature may vary due to:
- Weather and climate
- Change of seasons
- Homeowners' Personal Preferences
- Features of a specific room.
Depending on the change of season, the temperature in the apartment changes. In winter it will be lower than in summer unless you use strong heating equipment. On average, for the European climate the norm in the cold season is 19-22 °C, and in the hot season - 22-25 °C. The difference is not significant, but it does matter with constant exposure.
Please note that the acceptable temperature depends on gender and age. For example, comfortable temperature differs for men and women by 2-3 degrees. Women are more heat-loving than men.
Temperature in the nursery
It is best for young children to sleep in a cool room, at a temperature of 18 ° C. Ventilate the room before putting your baby to bed.
A newborn baby is inactive, but processes constantly occur in his body associated with the expenditure of energy and work to maintain heat. A newborn is usually fed every one and a half to two hours. At this moment, the child is working intensively gastrointestinal tract and urinary system. As a result of natural processes, it is released internal heat. The child may be hot. And in order to create conditions for normal heat exchange for it, you need to make the air temperature a little cool. A person has a useful property - no matter what air he inhales, he exhales it already heated to body temperature. It turns out that infant, being in a cool room, can independently normalize heat exchange, spending excess energy on warming the air.
Room temperature for older people
Elderly people, on the contrary, often require warmth. For them, it is better to warm the room to 24 ° C. If it's too cold outside, heat the room with an electric heater. But you shouldn’t leave it on all night, as it dries out the air too much. Folk wisdom says that “the heat does not break the bones,” but being permanently warm is harmful. In a hot room, harmful bacteria, including mold, multiply. This threatens a person with lethargy and fatigue, and if overheated, a violation of the water-electrolyte balance.
Bedroom temperature
What temperature should the sleeping room be? The bedroom should be cool. Maintain an air temperature of 16-18 ° C to sleep soundly and peacefully. Better buy a warm blanket, but let the air always be a little cool. Ventilate your bedroom before going to bed. At cool temperatures, the hormone melatonin is produced, and fresh air generally has a positive effect on the physical condition of the body. Melatonin is responsible for sound sleep and promotes the well-coordinated functioning of the immune system. Enjoy pleasant dreams in a cool environment, especially if you have someone nearby to warm you up.
Bathroom temperature
The bathroom should be the warmest room in the house. The optimal temperature here is 25 °C. It is also important to monitor the humidity level. If the bathroom is too humid, mold may appear on the walls and ceiling, which is harmful to health. Therefore, after you take a shower, leave the bathroom door open for at least 30 minutes.
What to do if the apartment is very cold?
The reasons for the low temperature at home may be old communications, errors when designing heat supply systems or during construction, low energy efficiency of the building, illiterate regulation of heat supply. In addition, combinations of these reasons are possible. First of all, contact the housing and communal services, perhaps they will be able to help centrally. If everything goes well, the house will be repaired or the batteries in the apartment will be replaced. If help does not come, you will have to cope on your own. Buy heaters, and if you don’t have enough budget, insulate the windows by sealing them with strips of paper, cotton wool and paste.
Humidity in rooms
But if in the bathroom you have to be afraid of excessive humidity, then in other rooms it’s the opposite - dryness. The optimal relative humidity is considered to be 40–60%. At lower readings, dry skin and mucous membranes may occur. respiratory tract. In winter, when batteries work hard, the problem of air humidity can be especially acute. The best option is to buy a humidifier, especially if you have small children. And if this is not possible, place bowls of water on the windowsills and get swamp plants that consume a large number of water.
How do you control the heat in your home? Tell us in the comments!
I picked up all this CONCERNING THE TEMPERATURE IN THE APARTMENT from the Internet. I had problems with heating in my apartment (a new building), I had to suffer with the HOA, but in the end I know my rights.
“The beginning of the heating period is set when the average daily outside air temperature is below +8 degrees Celsius, and the end of the heating period is set when the average daily outside air temperature is above +8 degrees Celsius for 5 days in a row. The heating period must begin or end on the day following the last day of the specified period.”
What should be the minimum temperature?
Corner room +20; living room +18; kitchen +18; bathroom +25; lobby, staircase+16; elevator room +5; basement +4; attic +4.
In this case, the air temperature is measured at interior wall each room at a distance of one meter from the outer wall and 1.5 meters from the floor. But this is only after the start of the heating season. There are no standards for the off-season - warm up as best you can!
And the temperature of hot water must be ensured year-round - not lower than +50 and not higher than +70 degrees (according to sanitary standards and rules of SNiP 2.08-01-89 “Residential buildings”). This temperature is measured directly at an open tap by immersing a water thermometer in a glass under running water to a special mark.
If the radiators do not heat well or water flows from the tap at a lower temperature, the tenant can write a statement to his DEZ with a request to check them. For this purpose, a technician-supervisor or an engineer from the local DEZ usually comes. After checking the batteries or water supply system, utility workers draw up a report in two copies, one of which remains with the apartment owner.
If the resident’s complaints are confirmed, utility workers are obliged to fix everything on average within one to seven days, depending on the complexity of the work. During the period of non-compliance with water standards, the rent is recalculated at the request of the tenant in the district settlement center, if the temperature of the hot water does not reach the norm by more than 3 (daytime) and more than 5 (at night) degrees. Deviations in air temperature in rooms according to the standards are not allowed at all. That is, the batteries must heat the apartment to the degrees specified in sanitary standards. If this does not happen, then the rent is reduced individually for each “affected” apartment, depending on its square footage.
Strange logic. On the one hand, deviations in air temperature are not allowed, on the other hand, in case of deviations, the rent is reduced. Without a trial, if something happens, you won’t figure it out. Nevertheless, it is useful to know all this.
GOST R 51617-2000 (temperature standards in rooms)
Room
Indoor air temperature in cold period year, °С
Air exchange rate in 1 hour, m3/h, by exhaust (by inflow) or the amount of air removed from the premises
Living room of an apartment or dormitory
3 m3 per 1 m2 of residential premises
The same, in areas with the coldest five-day temperature (probability 0.92) minus 31 °C and below
Apartment and dormitory kitchen, vat:
a) with electric stoves
Not less than 60 m3/h
b) with gas stoves
Not less than 60 m3/h
with 2-burner stoves, not less than 75 m3/h
with 3-burner stoves, not less than 90 m3/h
with 4-burner stoves
Drying cabinet for clothes and shoes in the apartment
Individual restroom
Combined toilet and bathroom area
The same, with individual heating
Common washroom
Shared shower
Shared restroom
50 m3/h for 1 toilet
and 25 m3/h for 1 urinal
Dressing room for cleaning and ironing clothes, washroom in the dormitory
Lobby, common corridor, hallway in an apartment building, staircase
Lobby, common corridor, staircase in the dormitory
Laundry room
7 (at least 4)
Ironing and drying rooms in dormitories
3 (at least 2)
Storage rooms for storing personal belongings and sports equipment; household and linen in the hostel
Isolation room in a dormitory
Elevator machine room
Not less than 0.5
Garbage collection chamber
1 (through the garbage chute)
Notes
1 In corner rooms of apartments and dormitories, the air temperature should be 2 °C higher than indicated in the table.
2 In the stairwells of houses for climatic region IV and climatic subregion IIIB, as well as houses with apartment heating air temperature is not standardized (SNiP 2.01.01).
3 The air temperature in the elevator machine room during the warm season should not exceed 40 °C.
Dear Yulia!
The situation, if you described it correctly, is wild and strange.
Firstly, the phrase “... IN The HOA suggested dressing warmly...” The HOA provides utility services for you and is fully responsible for their quality, V including for heating. Read carefully standard“Rules for the provision of utility services to citizens”, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 of May 23, 2006. Write a written complaint to the chairman of the HOA, be sure to hand it in on the second copy against receipt. Maximum permissible break V heating – 24 hours. No more than 24 hours temperature may be below 18 degrees. Therefore, in exactly 24 hours (or you can do it right away), demand that they draw up a written act of non-provision of heating services.
After receiving your copy of the act, immediately write a statement V The HOA for repairs, heating adjustments and recalculation of heating payments: reduction for each hour over 24 and for each degree below 18. Demand that the HOA pay a penalty - 1% of the cost of heating services for each hour of delay over 24 hours. Be sure to send written complaints with copies of acts V district prosecutor's office and V State Housing Inspectorate, demand that the chairman of the HOA be brought to administrative responsibility under Article 7.23 “Violation standards provision of public utilities to the population" of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
Secondly, the situation with payment is also unclear: “...the plumber offers to change the batteries - the cost is 21,000 rubles.... IN The homeowners association offered to dress warmer if they couldn’t pay...”
All repair and maintenance work on the ENTIRE heating system ( V including V apartments tenants, it doesn’t matter - tenants or owners; V including replacement of battery radiators and sections of risers, etc.) are carried out V check utility payments for current repairs and maintenance of the common property of the house. If you regularly paid for these services, then you should not pay anyone any more money for heating repairs! They vulgarly extort money from you. If this locksmith is “from the street” - drive him away V
At the end of the Indian summer, on the eve of the onset of cold weather, we begin to impatiently think about how to preserve such fragile and precious warmth in our homes. The cold outside, the uncomfortable microclimate at home due to the lack of heating, the rapidly decreasing daylight hours - these and many other factors become the causes of frequent colds and lack of sleep. Many negative phenomena for our well-being are associated with the usual discrepancy between the air temperature outside and the temperature in living quarters and at work. We try, by looking at the thermometer inside the apartment, to remember what the normal temperature should be in a city apartment when the heating season begins.
Enough low temperature in a house or apartment in the absence of heat outside, a frequent and familiar phenomenon to us, especially in the off-season. This situation is largely explained by the poor thermal efficiency of apartment buildings, which were built in Soviet times and make up the lion's share of the housing stock in almost all populated areas. The issue of saving energy resources was not as pressing then as it is now.
What are the standards for heating in an apartment that exist today? What numbers do we have to rely on today, in what conditions should we live in our apartments? We will try to find an objective answer to these questions.
In theory, according to scientific calculations over many years, the temperature in our apartments should be at around 20-25 0 Celsius. From a medical point of view, it is generally accepted that each person has his own temperature threshold for comfort. Some people like it when the apartment is only +16-18 0 C, another likes it when the apartment is hot and the thermometer shows 23-25 0 C. In order to achieve a comfortable temperature regime inside the apartment, you need to take into account many factors, including how clean technical and technological, as well as social and everyday.
One of the aspects that has a decisive impact on temperature standards inside residential premises is the sick building syndrome. Bad condition engineering communications, unsatisfactory condition of technological premises and basic structural elements buildings can cause a decrease in the level of comfort in an apartment building.
The figure shows the effect achieved by insulating the external walls of a living space.
Important! In order to make your home comfortable, to create a cozy microclimate inside each room, you need to take care of normal operation heating systems in the house, provide yourself with additional heating sources. In order to achieve maximum effect, you need to prepare your apartment accordingly for the onset of cold weather. External insulation of panels, insulation of window and doorways- measures that increase the thermal efficiency of the apartment by 20-25%.
If we talk about factors that influence the temperature in your home, you need to consider the following:
- climatic features of the area in which you live;
- the intensity of the seasons;
- age and personal preferences of apartment residents.
The normal temperature in a living room varies in each region of our country. For the northern regions, SanPiN (sanitary rules and regulations) are the same, for middle zone and southern regions are completely different. The climate is always different and this applies not only to air temperature, but also to the level of humidity in a given area and atmospheric pressure. For example, for more humid southern regions temperature standards are higher.
The temperature in the apartment is influenced by seasonality. For the middle zone of our country, the optimal temperature in a living room in winter is 19-22 0 C, in summer – 22-25 0 C. Despite the fact that the difference does not seem significant, even small changes in temperature affect the condition of our body.
The main task of regulating temperature in residential premises is to create a comfort zone for the inhabitants of a city apartment. Human preferences do not always satisfy the correct, from a medical point of view, temperature regime. Overheated, dry air, as well as excessively cool air in a living room, can negatively affect our condition.
For those families with a small child, the temperature in the apartment in winter should be stable. The optimal temperature regime for any room in this situation is 20-23 0 C. In summer, these standards should be within the same limits. The main reason for this temperature balance is that young children, especially infants, do not naturally self-regulate their body temperature. The child either quickly overheats in a hot room, or quickly cools down in a cool room.
Important! Large differences in temperature balance in different rooms should not be allowed.
The temperature standards in the apartment are established by the Rules for the provision of utility services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011.
On a note: These standards set the lower temperature limit, amounting to +18 0 C, while about upper limit not a word was said. We choose the upper level of acceptable temperature ourselves, focusing on our own preferences and feelings.
We study the existing temperature standards for our apartment
Why is it cold in our apartment? The real reasons There may be several such problems; not only a poor heating network is the main reason for insufficiently comfortable indoor temperatures in winter. A cool microclimate in an apartment may arise due to the following aspects:
- discrepancy between the temperature and pressure of the coolant at the entrance to the house and the calculated parameters;
- poor passage of utilities in the house;
- differences in SNiPs, according to which in different years construction of residential apartment buildings was carried out, and utility lines were laid.
In the table you can see the temperature parameters that are approved by the current SNiP 2.1.2 1002-00.
Normal temperature in the apartment
| Type of premises | t air, C | Resulting t, C | Humidity, % | Air movement, m/s |
| Autumn-winter period | ||||
| Living room | 18-24 | 17-23 | 60 | 0,2 |
| The same parameters in regions with the coldest five-day days (-31 0 C and below) | 20-24 | 19-23 | 60 | 0,2 |
| Kitchen | 18-26 | 17-25 | n/n* | 0,2 |
| Bathroom | 18-26 | 17-25 | n/n | 0,2 |
| Bathroom, combined toilet | 18-26 | 17-26 | n/n | 0,2 |
| Area | 16-22 | 15-21 | 60 | 0,2 |
| Flight of stairs, lobby | 14-20 | 13-19 | n/n | 0,2 |
| Storerooms, mezzanines | 12-22 | 11-21 | n/n | n/n |
Evaluating the information obtained from the table, we can draw the following conclusion.
In an ordinary city apartment, in ordinary rooms The minimum temperature threshold in winter is set at 18 0 C. Corner rooms should be heated somewhat better. The temperature in them should not fall below 20 degrees Celsius. For the bathroom the highest parameter is +25 0 C.
To create such a temperature regime in an apartment, heating standards in a city apartment assume the temperature of the radiators district heating at a level: no less than 35 0 C and no more than 95 0 C. Ideally, the batteries in the apartment should have a temperature within 50-70 0 C.
Important! At night, minor temperature fluctuations are allowed due to a sharp drop in ambient air temperature.
SanPiN establishes a time frame during which an apartment may not be heated in winter - no more than 24 hours a month, while a one-time absence of heat in the radiators should not exceed 16 hours in a row.
The official opinion of experts regarding temperature standards for housing facilities that exist today can be seen by watching the proposed video.
The standards that we considered are the starting point for residents of apartment buildings. Based on them, it is being developed best option heating in the apartment, normal operation of residential buildings and premises is maintained. If any of the specified parameters does not correspond to the standard, you can safely contact the management company, the organization that supplies heat resources, the housing office or the housing inspectorate.
The degree of air heating in residential premises is set at the state level. But often responsible persons or organizations violate standards, which leads to deterioration of living conditions. The argument is the unsatisfactory condition of utilities or extreme weather conditions.
In this case, you need to know what temperature should be in your apartment in winter according to all standards. Deviation from current documentation standards is a violation.
Normative base
First you need to familiarize yourself with the content of current acts, GOSTs and SNiPs. These documents indicate the standards for heating air in apartments, stairwells and utility rooms. They can also be used to draw up a reasoned application to the housing office or a similar management structure.
Currently, the following regulatory documents are in force regulating the temperature in apartments in winter:
- GOST 30494-96. It indicates optimal characteristics microclimate for premises of various categories. Main indicator negative change – the occurrence of discomfort.
- SNiPs 23-101-2004, 23-01-99, 31-01-03. They are used in design residential buildings and engineering communications. With their help, the heat supply system and its components are calculated.
- Resolution of the State Construction Committee No. 170. Regulates the maximum possible temperature changes and their duration.
One of the arguments of housing office workers may be the unsatisfactory degree of insulation of external walls or heat loss through window structures. If the coolant temperature is at the required level, other factors affecting air heating are not within the area of responsibility of the Management Company (MC).
Temperature values in apartments in winter
To check the heating of water in the pipes and the temperature in the batteries, it is necessary to invite representatives of the management company. Self-measurement will not have legal force, since for this you need to use verified instruments and follow the methodology. As an alternative, you can hire independent experts with the appropriate SRO clearance.
According to the above standards, the temperature in the apartment in winter should correspond to the following values:
- in residential premises (living room, bedroom) - not lower than +18°C;
- For corner apartment this indicator should be +20°C;
- lobby and staircase – from +16°С and more.
In practice, during the inspection it is not the temperature in the room that is monitored, but the degree of heating of the surface and pipes. The water temperature in the supply and return lines is measured. The normalized degree of heating depends on the outside temperature.
If the actual data does not coincide with the normative data, it is necessary to write a statement to the Criminal Code. She is obliged to give an official response and solve the problem within three working days. If this does not happen, you should contact regulatory organizations.
Amounts of possible compensation
In the event of unsatisfactory heat supply, the accounting department of the management company is obliged to make a recalculation. This is possible if the maximum permissible temperature reduction standards in the batteries have not been met. They are set out in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354.
Interruptions of heat supply in apartments:
- within one month – no more than one day in total;
- no more than 16 hours, at a minimum room temperature of +12°C;
- no more than 8 and 4 hours, if the degree of air heating does not exceed +10°C and +8°C, respectively.
If these standards are violated, the tariff for each hour is reduced by 0.15% of the base rate. The same penalty applies when the degree of heating of water in the batteries decreases by 3°C or more.
To prove a violation, it is necessary to draw up an inspection report of the apartment’s heating system. This can be done by using the services of independent experts or representatives of the management company. In the latter case, it is necessary to monitor the actual readings of the instruments and the data entered into the inspection report.
The amount in payment receipts increases quarterly, especially during a crisis period for the country. But at the same time, the quality of public services leaves much to be desired. Difficult times come for tenants when the heating is turned off. In such a situation, management companies responsible for providing hot water supply to apartment buildings often work in bad faith and try to evade responsibility.
Temperature standards
Of course, a lot depends on the preferences of the residents - some like it colder and are content with a low temperature of 18° C, others prefer cozy warmth and 24-25° C instead of thick sweaters and socks. But you need to know what temperature should be in our apartment according to legislation , since not only the health and well-being of the family, but also the budget depends on this.
The standard temperature in the apartment is contained in “ GOST R 51617-2000. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions". Here are the values needed for the calculation maximum power heating devices. Flights of stairs in residential buildings should have a temperature of 14-20 ° C. This is a space that residents use for a short time, no more than an hour, and are dressed in outerwear.
Medical standards for temperature conditions in residential premises
A little about what the optimal temperature should be in a house according to medical recommendations. The norm in residential premises is 22° C. This temperature provides high thermal comfort with an air humidity of 30%. If room temperature higher, it can cause irritation of the respiratory tract, the appearance of mucus, and increased susceptibility to bacteria and viruses in the nose and throat. The only exception is the bathroom, where water vapor rises and even higher temperatures do not pose a health risk.
When the child is at home, the temperature in the apartment should be raised by at least 1 degree, and in the bathroom or other room where he bathes, up to 28 degrees. In adult bedrooms, the temperature can be slightly cooler than in the living room - around 20° C. This indicator guarantees deeper sleep and, therefore, better rest.
Heat rate control
In order to maintain the above recommendations and to minimize heating costs, it is necessary to properly control heat standards, taking care of the thermal insulation of the house. Window and door frames need to be sealed. In the room, do not cover the radiators, do not paint them with a thick layer of paint and do not hang thick window curtains(heaters are usually installed under windows). Place furniture and equipment on minimum distance– 1 meter from the radiators.
It is recommended to regulate the temperature schedule of the heating system using manual or electronic thermostats. When installed even on an old heater, the electronic head can be adjusted to a temperature of up to 0.5 degrees, and programmed thermal power for a whole week, taking into account the time of day and habits of local residents.
Modern thermostats will also adjust heating output according to external conditions– warming or cooling outside, sunlight, etc. You don’t need to turn off the heat completely, all you have to do is lower the temperature, for example by setting the economy mode to 15° C. Lowering the temperature even by 1° C increases savings heat by 5-7.5%.
Factors affecting temperature
The temperature readings in the apartment are influenced by many factors, primarily external. They fluctuate due to the following conditions:
- heating off;
- climatic features of the place;
- change of seasons;
- individual characteristics of individual apartments.
The heating temperature schedule also depends on the place where the property owners live. For example, in northern latitude it will be different from the southern climate. The influence of factors such as atmospheric pressure and outdoor air humidity also affect the normal value of the heating system in any month.
When the seasons change, the microclimate in living rooms also varies. For example, in the winter months the temperature will be lower, and in the hot season it will be higher. When in the spring they stop supplying heat to the radiators, following the shutdown schedule, the temperature in the apartment also drops. For mid latitudes optimal value in winter - about 22 degrees, and in summer - 25 degrees. Although at first glance the difference of three degrees is insignificant, it affects the well-being of everyone living in an apartment or private building.
Regulating the indoor climate
When heating outages occur, the temperature in the apartment must be controlled for the comfort of all citizens living in it. There are people who feel comfortable and well during the hot months; they do not require the installation of climate control equipment. Also, some people constantly ventilate their rooms during the winter cold. But all the requirements of the average person are reflected by the current standards for any heat supply company for which a central shutdown schedule has been established heating devices. After all, hypothermia, like overheating, has a negative effect on human health.
Among other things, norms also depend on gender. Women require higher temperatures than men. You need to be extremely careful about the temperature conditions in the apartment where children live. They cannot yet regulate their temperature, so they are susceptible to overheating and freezing faster than adults. Consequently thermal norm for them it should be stable and be about 22 degrees.
In accordance with current sanitary standards, central temperature control systems must maintain values of no less than and no more than 22 degrees, and all deviations from this value have a bad effect on well-being.
To maintain normal temperature, certain conditions must be observed. Previously, the temperature was regulated using radiators, and in order to warm the room more, they used additional heat sources - various electric heaters, convectors, etc. To cool the room, they opened transoms and windows, thus solving the problem.
Today, scientific progress has made it possible to choose any climate control equipment that will provide comfortable conditions in apartments. For example, modern air conditioners not only cool air flows coming from the street, but are also equipped with a heating function. They also have dehumidification functions when the room is too humid, and purify the air from harmful compounds.
Current sanitary standards do not set the temperature of radiators. It is only important that the temperature in the home corresponds to certain indicators, which is influenced by differences in climatic conditions of the corresponding region. Indicators in the winter months should not be lower than 20 degrees. If this value is less, then the services heat supply organization are of poor quality.
In this case, property owners need:
- seek to eliminate poor performance in the provision of public services;
- demand from the management company when the heating is turned off unscheduled;
- carefully seal all cracks in windows and doors;
- buy optional equipment for heating the room;
- install autonomous heating appliances.
How to increase or decrease the temperature
By GOST the minimum indicator in the apartment should correspond to 15 degrees. With such a value, although life is quite difficult and uncomfortable, management companies believe that all standards are met. Because of this, the population independently regulates the temperature regime, and when cold weather sets in or mass heating outages occur, double-glazed windows are installed or the windows are sealed. At worst, they turn on electric heaters or convectors.
What to do when the constant temperature in the home reaches 28 degrees, which happens when the batteries are too hot. The highest value in the standard is 24 degrees, to which an error of 4 degrees is added. When thermostats are installed on the radiator, there are no questions, you just need to adjust it to the required number.
When there are no such devices on the battery, it is not very convenient to constantly open the windows due to drafts in the room. If the apartment has Small child, then such actions are not a way out of the situation; this is completely contraindicated for older people. To correct the situation you can:
- turn on the tap in front of the radiator;
- install an air recuperator.
When overlapping ball valve before the battery, you will reduce the amount of hot water supplied. The recuperator will allow circulation air flows correctly, and the air flow will enter the home already warmed up.
Optimal temperature during the heating season
It is clear from the above that the comfortable value in the apartment is established SNIP at 20-22 degrees. Possible indicators are defined within the range of 18-26 degrees, in accordance with the purpose of the housing. Kitchen, living rooms and the bathroom have different standards. The errors correspond to 3 degrees of decrease and 4 degrees of increase in indicators. Unfortunately, according to current legislative acts, when the apartment is 15 degrees above zero, no claims can be made against management companies. Also at a temperature of 30 degrees, when in winter the batteries heat up to their maximum. Here, as they say, if you want to live, know how to move around and contact the relevant authorities.
Responsibility of utilities for violations of standards
According to the law, tenants and homeowners have the right to apply for recalculation to management companies, which are obliged to reduce by 0.15 percent for each hour of violation of standards. If you do the math, for 28 days of improper provision of the service, the payment is reduced by up to 90 percent. Naturally, utility services themselves will not perform such a recalculation, so you will have to turn to the courts.
There are many cases where residents of apartment buildings have sued utility companies for money for services that were not provided in full or poor quality services. For example, three years ago, a Perm resident managed to recover 136 thousand rubles from the management company for violating their obligations to provide heat to the apartment. Therefore, you should defend your rights and contact.
Conclusion
The management company at the place of residence is obliged to provide temperature in accordance with current standards and regulations. As a result, if cases of non-compliance with the quality of heating services are identified, this organization must be reported and, if required, a report must be drawn up.
If it comes to a private residential building, then it is necessary to control the supplied heating devices, increasing the efficiency of the batteries or using modern efficient devices.