How to pour waterproofing on the floor. How to waterproof a floor with your own hands. The basic principle of pasting and painting waterproofing

Ecology of consumption. Estate: B aquatic environment active formation and development of microorganisms and mold fungi takes place, biological and chemical corrosion occurs faster, pathogenic bacterial cultures and insects appear. It is for this reason that waterproofing floors is necessary measure, especially for wet areas in the apartment.

All people constantly use water in the process of life: for hygiene, for cooking, washing and cleaning. However, building construction in a building, unlike people, they feel much better without water, and some types of building materials are completely afraid of moisture or water. Even structures made of reinforced concrete react very negatively to moisture from dampness, and if such an environment constantly affects them, it can destroy their integrity. The same can be said about finishing materials, wooden structures, floors and partitions, plasterboard and other materials. In the aquatic environment, the active formation and development of microorganisms and mold fungi takes place, biological and chemical corrosion occurs faster, and pathogenic bacterial cultures and insects appear.

It is for this reason that waterproofing floors is a necessary measure, especially for wet areas in the apartment. These, for example, include the kitchen, bathroom, toilet and even the hallway. In areas where there is increased level humidity, waterproofing provides reliable protection both the main floor and the decorative top covering. In addition, it is possible to guarantee comfort and safe operation. Waterproofing can be achieved in several ways, which differ in the materials used and installation technology.

It is especially important to carry out high-quality waterproofing floor to screed on the first floors of private houses that do not have basements. Capillary moisture and water vapor that rise from the ground often have an alkaline or acidic environment; they actively interact with the components of the concrete floor, so after a few years a network of cracks can form on the floor, destroying the floor.

Types of materials for waterproofing floors

There are a large variety of materials available for waterproofing, all of which are difficult to list and classify; only the most popular and effective materials should be highlighted.

Thus, the most popular waterproofing materials are the following;

• mastics and coating compounds;
• pasting and roll materials;
• bulk materials;
• special plasters;
• sprayed polymers, bulk mixers
• penetrating compounds.

If planned independent device waterproofing the floor, it is better to opt for plastering and coating options. Rolled materials are also suitable, but they will be more difficult to work with, and in addition, not everyone can lay and connect such coatings efficiently. It is quite acceptable to apply penetrating waterproofing yourself, but only if you strictly follow the instructions for its application and further care when the coating matures. It is also necessary to perform some related procedures. The use of penetrating compounds also implies that the base must be abundantly moistened, and this is fraught with water leakage to the lower neighbors.

Bulk waterproofing is used under the screed. They are special granules that form a gel-like paste, interacting with water, which prevents its subsequent flow.

It is quite difficult to make polymer self-leveling floors with your own hands, including three-dimensional self-leveling floors, since they are quite demanding and “capricious” regarding the condition of the surface and strict adherence to instructions. Instruction for such a floor may seem very difficult without certain tools and practical skills.

Polymer spray coatings, such as polyurea, for example, must also be applied by specialists who have the appropriate specialized equipment.

Regarding misconceptions in the field of waterproofing, it should be noted that floor tiles do not serve as a waterproofing material, it is intended for finishing. Even if polyurethane or silicone grout is used for the joints, this in any case will not guarantee that water in the event of a plumbing system failure will not flow down to the neighbors. Waterproofing also cannot replace varnish or Oil paint. Such coatings can last no more than five years, and after that they will begin to crack and peel off, especially the paint coating.

It should also be taken into account that in some cases, for example for a bathroom, waterproofing the floor alone will not be enough, since the walls absorb moisture well, which flows to the lower neighbors through internal capillaries. In addition, the walls themselves also deteriorate, as do their finishing and finishing in adjacent premises.

The process of preparing the floor for waterproofing

Before starting waterproofing installation, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work on rough field which consists of performing the following actions:

1. The first step is to remove the old coating on the floor.
2. All debris is carefully collected, and the floor surface is vacuumed to get rid of dust.
3. All cracks and crevices that appear on the base after cleaning are properly sealed.
4. Treatment is carried out using primers to increase the adhesion of materials. You can choose a primer taking into account the recommendations of manufacturers of waterproofing materials.

Technique for making a gravel and sand cushion

To install a gravel-sand cushion, do the following:

1. The base is prepared by leveling the soil for the future floor and removing from it all the fertile layer, which contains organic impurities. This is usually done at the stage of site preparation for construction.
2. Crushed stone having a fraction of a maximum of 50 millimeters is poured onto the prepared soil. Backfilling is carried out over the entire area of ​​the future floor. The poured gravel is compacted and leveled so that large differences in height do not form. The layer must be at least 20 centimeters thick. in areas where groundwater is close, the layer of gravel backfill should be at least 50 centimeters.
3. Next, coarse sand is poured into a layer 10-40 centimeters thick. The poured sand is spilled with water and compacted properly using a hand roller.
4. Then a cushion of sand and gravel is covered with a layer of geotextile, the strips of which are glued using construction hair dryer. Geotextile material acts as a shock absorber, protecting waterproofing and insulation from damage.
5. Foam insulation, for example, penoplex or polystyrene, is placed end-to-end on top of the geotextile. However, it is not recommended to use polystyrene foam due to the low degree of mechanical strength.
6. Having completed all these steps, you can begin waterproofing the prepared floor using rolled materials or starting to screed the floor.

Technique for laying floor waterproofing using roll materials

Waterproofing the floor with roll materials is carried out as follows:

1. A damper tape is laid along the perimeter of the walls, which is necessary to compensate for expansion concrete screed due to the effects of temperature fluctuations. The damper tape is attached using dowel nails or an adhesive layer.
2. If necessary, the base is leveled, potholes are filled with sand or rubbed with a solution of sand and cement.
3. If waterproofing polymer films are used, then primer treatment concrete slabs need not. Concrete slabs can, if desired, be treated with a solution designed for penetrating waterproofing. When using conventional roofing felt, it is required Preliminary processing floors with primers for bitumen mastic.
4. Roll waterproofing is laid on a pre-prepared floor in strips, forming an overlap on the wall of at least 15 centimeters. The strips are also laid overlapping each other, with the overlap width being at least 10 centimeters. If roofing felt is used, it is glued to the base using bitumen mastic. The joints that form an overlap are also taped.
5. Fused materials, for example, glass insulation, are attached to the base using a gas burner. Polymer films are laid with an overlap, welded together using a construction hair dryer.
6. How many layers the waterproofing will consist of depends on the type of material used. Thus, for example, roofing felt is laid in no less than two layers, polymer materials and fused films - in one layer.
7. Having laid the roll waterproofing, reinforcement and subsequent screeding of the floor are carried out. When the screed hardens, the excess protruding damper tape and roll waterproofing are trimmed flush with the floor.

Technique for waterproofing floors using coating waterproofing materials

To treat the floor with coating waterproofing proceed as follows:

1. The prepared concrete base is cleared of debris, dirt and dust. Particular care must be taken to remove cutting edges, sharp particles and protrusions, stains from solvents, oils and chemicals. active substances, since, interacting with solutions, they can destroy the waterproofing.
2. Most often, coating waterproofing is performed using cold-applied bitumen or bitumen-rubber mastic. Before starting work, it is recommended to treat the floor surface with a primer, namely a primer for this type of mastic. It is advisable to use a primer from the same manufacturer.
3. The primer is applied in one layer using a brush, thoroughly covering all areas. It will reduce dust on the surface, improving the adhesion of the mastic to it. Special attention You need to pay attention to processing the joints with the wall and the space around the pipes. As a rule, the primer dries in no longer than two hours.
4. The mastic is applied using a roller or wide brush in several layers. Each new layer must be applied when the previous one is completely dry. Layers should be applied in different directions roller or brush movements. At the joints with walls and around pipes, mastic is applied using a thin brush, thoroughly covering all areas.
5. As a rule, coating waterproofing dries completely in about two days. After it has dried, you can begin screeding. When laying reinforcement, plastic guides should be used to avoid contact coating waterproofing With metal structures, as they can damage it under load.

Conclusion

Before screeding, several methods can be used simultaneously to reliably waterproof floors. For example, in a private house to waterproof the floor, where there is no basement, you can arrange a cushion of sand and gravel, on top of which a layer of insulation will be laid, waterproofing film, and only then the reinforcement was installed and the screed was poured. For a first floor apartment located above the basement, you can use penetrating waterproofing for the floor, combining it with coating or roll waterproofing. For wet areas in an apartment located on top floor apartment building, in which any leak can lead to forced compensation for damage caused to lower neighbors, it is better to perform double waterproofing. In this case, it will be performed both before the screed and on top of it. IN in this case Rolled materials are used for waterproofing under the screed, and coating waterproofing is performed on top of the screed.

The choice of one or another waterproofing method and materials is a matter of taste and financial capabilities of each home or premises owner. The only thing that is certain is that it is not acceptable not to carry out waterproofing in the hope that the pipes will not leak. Firstly, water has the ability to evaporate and settle on ceilings, walls and floors. It also drains to the floor due to gravity. Secondly, apartment residents often dry clothes from which water flows. There is also water after taking a shower or using a washbasin. Thirdly, it happens that in kitchen sink The drain is clogged or the bathtub is overflowing. What can we say about the hallway room, which is in winter time turns into a huge continuous puddle of mud and slush.

The most reliable materials are considered to be self-leveling and sprayed waterproofing, but they high price works and materials, but if possible, it is better to do it at an expensive price, but once and for sure. Penetrating waterproofing has also proven itself to be very good, capable of stopping moisture quite well, lasting as long as the structure itself. At the same time, it is quite quickly and easily applied both under the screed and on top of it, on the floor and even on the walls. At the same time, the materials are much cheaper than bulk and sprayed compounds.

Considering that there are many sources of moisture in the house, it is better to take care of your health and comfort in advance, preventing the neighbors below from being forced to pay for repairs by installing high-quality floor waterproofing. You can do it yourself or entrust these procedures to experienced specialists who will be able to select the most appropriate material and perform all the work quickly and efficiently. published

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How to waterproof a floor yourself? Answers to your questions in our article: a description of the three main methods of waterproofing a floor with instructions, pros and cons of each method, as well as useful tips for anyone who wants to protect their concrete floor from moisture.

Waterproofing a concrete floor: basic methods

DIY floor waterproofing

Floor waterproofing occupies a special place among waterproofing works, because the floor is directly involved in the transfer of moisture. High humidity in the room causes mold to appear and contributes to the destruction decorative coatings and reduces the strength of supporting structures. To prevent moisture from entering, waterproofing is used - a set of measures and means developed for internal and external protection walls, floors and roofs. It can prevent both the flow of water from outside and the flooding of lower apartments when water pipes break.

IN modern construction Various types of floors are used - wooden, cement-sand, concrete and combined. For each of them, there are optimal approaches to waterproofing, differing in efficiency, cost and durability.

When choosing a waterproofing method, you should pay attention to the following:

• total humidity in the room, depending on the groundwater level;
• the presence of a floor heating system that is susceptible to corrosion at high humidity;
• possibility of flooding during heavy rains and emergency situations.

How more difficult conditions operation of a building or apartment, the more reliable their protection should be. Let's look at the most common approaches to waterproofing floors to prevent moisture from getting inside and outside the room.

1. Waterproofing concrete floors with penetrating compounds

   Waterproofing concrete floors of basements and bathrooms requires a special approach that can maintain their internal cleanliness. In a number of buildings located in areas with high level groundwater, groundwater may enter the basement and become flooded. In addition to deteriorating sanitary conditions and the inability to use the premises for their intended purpose, this leads to a decrease in the durability of the entire building.

   

   The only means that can withstand the harsh effects of groundwater, floods, rain and the results of a pipeline break is penetrating waterproofing. It is realized through surface treatment chemical compounds, the components of which penetrate deep into building material and crystallize after contact with water. The resulting structures are not exposed to moisture and prevent its movement through the porous structure of the concrete slab. The crystallization process does not occur immediately, which allows the use of aqueous solutions of the waterproofing mixture for maximum penetration through the thickness of concrete.

   Crystallization time for various compositions differs significantly and ranges from several days to a month. Thus, products such as Penecrit and Admix protect concrete surfaces well from moisture, but their setting time is not optimal. Most effective means are varieties of Penetrat waterproofing systems that provide protection within a couple of days after application. The setting time of the top layer of the mortar does not exceed one and a half hours, and you can start pouring the screed or laying the floor covering after two days.

   Waterproofing a concrete floor with the “Penetrat” system: stages

   1. Preparation of joints at the point of contact between the floor and the walls consists of expanding them with a hammer drill, increasing the penetration area of ​​the protective composition.
   2. Cleaning up leftovers cement mortar and dust. Thorough cleaning of the surface is not necessary, just vacuuming once is enough.
   3. Impregnation of concrete floor with water. Up to five liters of water are consumed per 1 m2.
   4. Preparation of a penetrating waterproofing solution. Approximate consumption components is 1 kg of GS “Penetrat” and 1.5 liters of water per 1 m2 of surface. After mixing the components, the resulting mass should be mixed with a drill with a special attachment, then let it sit for 5 minutes and mix again.
   5. Apply the mixture to the floor with a spatula, maintaining the same layer thickness over the entire surface. Spraying the solution is rarely used, since it becomes difficult to control the thickness of the coating. You can walk on the waterproofing layer two days after application.

   Advice: GS "Penetrat" ​​will help increase the depth of penetration mechanical restoration concrete slab with metal brushes (nozzles on a grinder or drill). This will open the capillary system of the concrete and increase the thickness of the waterproofing layer.

   Advantages of penetrating floor waterproofing:

   • ease of use;
   • service life is comparable to the service life concrete structure;
   • resistance to abrasion and mechanical stress;
   • the tightness of the waterproofing does not depend on the hydrostatic pressure of groundwater;
   • Frequent temperature changes do not affect the effectiveness of protection;
   • Possibility of application to any geometric surface profile.

   Disadvantages of this method:

   • wooden floors cannot be treated

   Waterproofing floors with coating compounds

   Waterproofing the floor using flowable mastics allows you to effectively plug microcracks and completely cover the concrete surface, leaving no untreated areas. The composition is applied in several layers, creating a protective hydrophobic surface several millimeters thick. After hardening, you can start pouring cement screed.

   

   Stages of waterproofing a concrete floor with bitumen mastics:

   1. Thoroughly clean the floor from dirt and debris. Floor treatment is carried out after the main construction work, so it is recommended to clean not only the floor, but also the walls. Dust falling from them can reduce the adhesion and strength of the mastic layer.
   2. Drying the room using fan heaters, convectors or infrared heaters. Dry especially carefully wet basements, which were not initially well waterproofed. Any remaining dust can be quickly removed with a vacuum cleaner.
   3. Apply the first layer of mastic using a wide brush or roller. After one layer has hardened, apply the next one, working with a brush in a perpendicular direction. Depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, the final coating thickness should be from 3 to 5 mm. Mastic consumption ranges from 0.8 to 2.2 kg per 1 m2.

   Advice: In order for the concrete floor to be maximally protected, the waterproofing layer should rise 10-15 cm up the wall. This will create a pocket that retains moisture from the inside and prevents it from entering from the outside as the water level rises.

   Disadvantages of this method:

   • weak mechanical strength of the mastic layer;
   • short service life compared to reinforced adhesive or penetrating waterproofing;
   • work is carried out using toxic non-aqueous solvents;
   • the need to cover the bitumen layer with cement screed and plaster to avoid harmful effects bitumen;
   • high requirements for preliminary preparation surfaces;
   • flammability of bitumen mixtures.

   Advantages of the method:

   • relatively low cost materials;
   • no strict leveling of the base is required;
   • uniform coverage with complex surface topography.

   Waterproofing floors with adhesive coatings

   Waterproofing of a concrete floor can be carried out with solid moisture-proof sheets made on the basis of a bitumen binder and rubber filler. To impart mechanical strength, reinforcing meshes made of polymer materials. Pasted waterproofing is used to protect bathrooms of apartments, balconies and basements of houses, being equally effective for concrete and wooden floors.

   

   Do-it-yourself floor waterproofing: stages

   1. Leveling the surface by pouring cement-sand screed. The smoother the floor, the longer the adhesive coating will last.
   2. Cleaning the room from solution residues and large dust. Pieces of building material will be mechanically deformed sheet covering and will lead to its premature failure.
   3. Drying the floor surface, providing high adhesion adhesive.
   4. Laying waterproofing sheets with glue. It can be bitumen mastics or compositions based on polymer binders. Depending on the type of material, the sheets are laid end-to-end or overlapping.
   5. Processing of joints, carried out by welding or gluing them.
   6. Installation of the second and subsequent layers of coating. Their number depends on the specified reliability of waterproofing and operating conditions of the room.
   7. Filling the cement screed, which is done after the adhesive of the top layer has hardened.

   Advice: when installing waterproofing on “cold” mastics, it is necessary to wait 12 hours before laying the second layer (to evaporate the solvent).

   Disadvantages of the approach:

   • requirement for mandatory floor leveling;
   • flammability of the material;
   • the need to create protective coating(screeds);
   • for some sheet materials additional priming of the surface is required;
   • time and money spent on drying and cleaning before installation.

   Advantages adhesive waterproofing gender:

   • ductility and resistance to cracking does not decrease over time (in the presence of a screed);
   • long term service (up to 20 years).

   Among existing methods For floor waterproofing, the most effective and durable treatment is treatment with GS “Penetrat” penetrating compounds. The dense crystalline structure that penetrates the concrete slab prevents the passage of moisture in both directions and is used in conjunction with load-bearing structure. Pasting and coating types of waterproofing are less durable and are susceptible to influence external factors.

General waterproofing tasks

Do-it-yourself floor waterproofing is required for:

A) protection of materials that lose their properties from water (for example, insulation) or are destroyed;

b) protection of adjacent premises from water ingress, incl. in case of an accident.

Why do you need floor waterproofing?

Waterproofing floors in bathrooms and similar rooms has a dual purpose:

• Protection from moisture in structures, subfloors (screeds), or ceilings (if the room is located in a multi-story building).
• Protection of the premises below, both from impact high humidity, and from water ingress in the event of an accident.

The concrete of the ceiling or subfloor resists the effects of water quite well, which cannot be said about the reinforcement laid in its thickness, so the question of how to waterproof the floor before the screed is quite serious.

When exposed to moisture, the metal begins to become covered with rust, gradually reducing its bearing capacity In addition, the adhesion of the reinforcement to the concrete is lost, and the concrete itself begins to collapse.

Types of floor waterproofing, what materials and tools are needed

Waterproofing a floor with your own hands, of course, cannot be done without insulating materials and tools for their application.

There are two main types of waterproofing coatings.

It is represented by various types of mastics, compositions based on cement, magnesium or bitumen binders, as well as the “Penetron” type.

Each material has its own characteristics and although, in most cases, waterproofing of a concrete floor can be performed by any type of coating material, their combinations give the best effect.

They use enough at work harmful substances based on bitumen, various types of synthetics, this first of all requires ensuring good ventilation, especially in small rooms without windows.

The use of burners and even a relatively safe hair dryer requires the mandatory use of products personal protection: long sleeves, protective gloves, glasses.

Treat this responsibly, and the work will bring you pleasure from the result, and not from injury and poisoning.

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Every second a private house resists the action of external factors, the most destructive of which is dampness. Ground water, seeping inside, is capable of changing the microclimate in the premises; salts dissolved in water change the structure of concrete and wood. The entire structure, including floors, must be protected from high humidity. Reliable waterproofing for the floor will allow you to avoid many troubles, among which a damaged carpet will be the most minor problem.

A more serious symptom may be the appearance unpleasant odor, indicating the development of fungus and the onset of rotting. A frivolous attitude will lead to the need to replace floors. Concrete floors can also be subject to corrosion.

Waterproofing the floor is essential in wet areas

What is floor waterproofing (sealing)

Waterproofing is usually called a set of measures that protect rooms and surfaces from the influence of dampness. They significantly extend the service life of materials and protect the health of the family living in the house. An urgent measure is to lay a waterproofing layer on the floors; this is especially necessary where humidity often exceeds the norm (in bathrooms, saunas). In force majeure situations, properly sealed floors will protect adjoining rooms from damage.

Requirements for floor waterproofing

The waterproofing strategy is regulated by many regulatory documents. During work, it is necessary to be guided by the requirements of SNiP 3.04.01-87 (section 4, which talks about the construction of floors) and SNiP 2.03.13-88 (about floors). In accordance with these documents, the floor design wet rooms(bathrooms, bathrooms, saunas) waterproofing must be installed.

It would also be useful to become familiar with Instruction VSN-9-94 DS (installation of floors in residential and public buildings) and specifications of the materials used. According to building standards, floors in wet rooms are installed a few centimeters below the main level of other rooms. This technique allows you to retain water in a limited space and quickly eliminate the consequences. A step or border is placed at the entrance.

Properly organized threshold to the bathroom

Types of insulating materials

All types of waterproofing materials can be divided according to the place of application - for external or internal. Division by composition is also valid. Then they are called bitumen, polymer, mixed (bitumen-polymer) and including mineral components.

In most cases, it is convenient to distinguish waterproofing materials by the method of application. The most effective and therefore popular are:

Roll, film (membrane, lining) materials; including painting, coating, plastering compounds and mastics. These options are optimal for those who want to carry out the work themselves. Difficulties may arise with high-quality styling and connecting parts of the roll coating.

Roll materials - reliable way floor protection

Penetrating waterproofing. Its use is accompanied by a number of conditions, and when applying it is important to strictly follow the instructions.

Bulk waterproofing. A labor-intensive option used under screed. Upon contact with water, the granules form a gel (paste), stopping its further spread.

Self-leveling polymer floors (3D floors). Capricious and unpredictable material for waterproofing the floor, if not practical experience and devices.

Sprayed polymer coatings (polyurea). For high-quality application, experience, special clothing and appropriate equipment are required.

On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer house design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Nuances of choosing insulating material and technology

Waterproofing the floor in an apartment or private house is responsible not only for sealing, but also partially for ventilation of the room. Attention to the selection of materials (as with any work) will help to further increase energy efficiency private home with corresponding savings.

Different methods of applying coating waterproofing

When choosing various options evaluate future consumption(based on the area and nature of the premises) and the final cost. The opinion of a specialist with experience in arranging various types of insulation will be extremely useful.

For different rooms may be required custom technology styling To pick up the best way, take into account the characteristics of the surface and the time frame within which the work must be completed.

Preparatory work performed before waterproofing

Proper waterproofing of the floor wooden house or brick starts with preparation. Preparatory activities include the following:

During large-scale renovations with redevelopment, partitions and other unnecessary elements are first dismantled.

Old flooring removed to the concrete base. In order not to reduce the quality of waterproofing, rusty and greasy areas are cleaned, and construction debris is carefully removed.

Waterproofing a floor using self-adhesive bitumen-polymer roll material on video:

Features of popular waterproofing methods

Floors can be protected from moisture different ways. After arranging the waterproofing, in most cases the floor is screeded, after which tiles, laminate or other covering are laid. There are several ways to carry out protective work:

Waterproofing the bathroom using the pasting method

The material (roofing felt, glass roofing felt, roofing felt, polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC film) is cut to the size of the room. Then the prepared parts are glued to the primed plane, overlapping or end-to-end; in the latter case, the seams must be welded or glued. Polymer multilayer membranes, which also have thermal insulation properties, are used. Which waterproofing is best for the floor is decided in each case individually.

Coating (painting) waterproofing

Coating waterproofing of a wooden floor in a private house is the most affordable and therefore widespread method. Bitumen is used as a waterproofing agent, plaster mixtures, mastics (bitumen-polymer and bitumen-rubber), sealants and polymer varnishes. The base, cleared of debris and contaminants, is moistened and then treated with a primer to ensure better adhesion. Following the manufacturer's instructions, the mixture is prepared.

Floor waterproofing material is applied with a brush, roller or spatula; after 4-6 hours, lay the second layer; the final thickness does not exceed 2-20 mm. After finishing the work, the seams are sealed (places where the floor meets other surfaces and where pipes enter); Screeding and laying tiles can begin within a day.

Completed paint insulation of bathroom

Coating waterproofing is applied to any surface and is easy to process. hard to reach places. She is considered quick method; but over time on the surface of bitumen or polymer coating cracks may occur.

Backfill waterproofing

This method is suitable for protecting the floor of wet rooms. Formwork is mounted on the base. Are being added bulk materials(concrete, hydrophobic powders, perlite sand or ash, asphalt insulation).

Under the influence of water loose mixture is evenly distributed and acquires the consistency of a gel, becoming a barrier to further spread of moisture. The thickness of such waterproofing can reach up to 50 cm.

Plaster waterproofing

Plaster materials for floor waterproofing have an important advantage - at 0⁰C they do not lose their properties and do not form cracks (like bitumen, for example). Plaster waterproofing is easy to use and environmentally friendly. The mixtures contain cement, gypsum, mineral and polymer additives, which make the elastic layer resistant to strong temperature fluctuations (from -20 ° C to +50 ° C).

Preparing the floor for applying waterproofing

The surface is treated by applying 2 (less often 3) layers. The layers are applied in directions perpendicular to each other.

Molded floor waterproofing

For filling, solutions and waterproof mastics are used, consisting of a plastic base with additives. Polymers, bitumen, resins, liquid rubber, plasticizers.

An unusual protection option - 3D self-leveling floor on video:

The material is distributed over the primed concrete base in two ways - hot or cold, in several stages. Then the surface is dried with hot air ( gas-burner, IR radiation). For additional reliability, the layer is reinforced with fiberglass or metal mesh. The thickness of the finished film is from 5 to 15 cm.

Impregnating (penetrating) waterproofing

For protection, solutions of concrete, concrete-polymer or cement composition with chemical active additives(polymers, salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals). This composition is capable of penetrating deep into concrete surface(some 50-60 cm), making it waterproof. You can immediately lay ceramic tiles on top of the waterproofing.

Waterproofing of wooden floors, joists (beams for flooring)

Wood is a naturally porous material that easily absorbs moisture. Due to this feature, unprotected wooden surface inevitably begins to deform, crack and rot.

To protect the wooden floor from harmful influences, a subfloor waterproofing technology has been developed. Ventilation must be installed between the rough and finished floors. This design will provide natural circulation air, maintaining a comfortable microclimate in the house.

Waterproofing the subfloor in a wooden house is mandatory element. For concrete slabs, moisture-proof materials are used (roofing felt, polyethylene film). For a wooden subfloor, choose a treatment construction compounds(varnishes with polymers or bitumen based). Sometimes, due to the characteristics of the house, the coating is installed on joists.

What to pay attention to when performing work

It is typical for new buildings high humidity. Such a microclimate in the house can not only ruin repairs, but also damage the load-bearing parts of the building. Waterproofing a house is carried out in the following order: foundation, basement (if any), floors. This way you can protect wooden structures from rotting, and metal ones from corrosion.

One of the types of decorative self-leveling flooring with protective properties

Due to poor-quality waterproofing of the floor of the first floor of a house, doors often suffer. Moisture rises up the wall, saturates unprotected parts wooden box. The structure loses strength, becomes deformed, becomes loose and begins to rot.

Oil paint or varnish is not waterproofing. Their service life is limited to 4-5 years, after which they begin to crack and crumble. Also as hydro insulating material can not use floor tiles- This is a finishing material.

Conclusion

By following the rules for waterproofing the floor, you can avoid large quantity problems in the future, both with the structure losing strength and with the health of loved ones (exacerbations of allergies, rheumatism, diseases are possible respiratory tract). The method of waterproofing the floor is selected based on the allocated finances and the type of premises. In any case, following the technology will make the protection high-quality and complete.

The effect of moisture on a floor without installed waterproofing has the most negative and destructive effects, which is why waterproofing the floor is so necessary. In this article we will look at the types of waterproofing and get tips on how to waterproof a floor with your own hands.

Let's consider different kinds floor waterproofing:

This type of waterproofing of a wooden floor is carried out using polymer or bitumen varnish. This type of floor waterproofing is not durable. Average term her service is 5 years.

To install waterproofing, first of all you will need to level the floor surface, clean and apply 2 layers of primer (non-viscous bitumen mastic). After which the floor can be painted.

Plaster waterproofing is a floor covering consisting of several layers polymer additives and cement mortar. The reliability of plaster waterproofing depends on the rigidity of the structure. For wooden floors, plaster waterproofing is often used because the installation process is quite simple.

In order for the plastering waterproofing of the floor to be successful, the following must be done. Prepare a cement-sand mortar (in a ratio of 1:2). After this, the first layer of solution is applied to a dry and cleaned base. You need to wait 15 minutes and let the first layer dry. Next, you need to repeat the process until 3-4 layers of solution have been applied. During the first day, the floor waterproofing must be moistened every 3 hours. After this, the waterproofing must dry, so the waterproofing should not be subjected to mechanical stress for two days.

Pasted waterproofing implies a whole multi-layer carpet of sheet and roll materials. This waterproofing wooden flooring is divided into 3 types: polymer, bitumen-polymer and bitumen-roll.

Installation of a glued waterproofing floor begins with applying a layer of mastic to the floor. After this, the materials used are installed in layers (the number of layers is determined independently). The final stage of installing a waterproofing floor is puttying the edges of the rolls.

Cast waterproofing is the waterproofing of a wooden floor, carried out using solutions and mastics. There are two types of floor waterproofing: hot and cold. A limiting feature of this waterproofing is the mandatory presence of a monolithic base.

The process of installing cast floor waterproofing occurs as follows. First you need to clean the base and level out uneven floors with plaster. After this, the floor surface must be dried and a primer applied. After this, you need to install the formwork around the perimeter of the entire floor and fill it with mastic heated to 140 ° C with the mixture. After this, the floor waterproofing is leveled using wide spatulas.

Video

This video talks about the technology of applying waterproofing to the floor: