How to grow large, tasty, healthy beets. When and how to plant beets in open ground. Optimal planting density

Cabbage juice is a healthy life-giving drink that can give our body many necessary and useful substances. About what beneficial features cabbage juice exists, and how to drink it correctly, we’ll talk in our article. Cabbage is one of the healthiest vegetable crops because it has very valuable properties. This product is tasty and nutritious, moreover, it is an affordable medicine that anyone can grow in their own garden. By eating cabbage, you can eliminate many health problems. Although everyone knows that due to the fiber contained in cabbage, this vegetable is difficult to digest, causing gas formation. To avoid such problems, it is healthier to drink cabbage juice, receiving the same beneficial substances contained in the vegetable.

Freshly squeezed cabbage juice contains vitamin C, which increases the body's resistance to infections. Scientists have calculated that in order to satisfy our body's daily need for vitamin C, you can eat about 200 g of cabbage. In addition, the vegetable contains the vitamin K we need, which is responsible for the full formation of bones, as well as blood clotting. Cabbage, and therefore cabbage juice, contains B vitamins and a very rich set of minerals, including iron, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium and other elements.

What is very nice for people losing weight is that cabbage juice is very low in calories (25 kcal per 100 ml). This is a diet drink that will help you get rid of excess weight. Cabbage juice has wound-healing and hemostatic properties. It is used externally, to treat burns and wounds, and for oral administration (to treat ulcers). Effectively use fresh cabbage juice to treat gastritis and ulcers. The effect is ensured by vitamin U contained in the juice. This vitamin helps regenerate cells in the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines. The juice is used to treat hemorrhoids, colitis and inflammatory processes occurring in the stomach and intestines, as well as bleeding gums.

Cabbage juice is used as an antimicrobial agent that can affect some pathogens of dangerous diseases, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Koch's bacillus and ARVI. Cabbage juice is also used to treat bronchitis; in particular, it can thin and remove mucus. For this treatment, it is recommended to take juice with honey to enhance the healing effect. Cabbage juice is also used to restore tooth enamel, improve the condition of nails, skin and hair. At diabetes mellitus By drinking cabbage juice you can prevent the occurrence of skin diseases.

Cabbage juice should definitely be included in the diet of those wishing to lose excess weight, due to its low calorie content and high biological activity. At the same time, cabbage juice can fill you up very quickly without getting extra calories, and it also prevents the conversion of carbohydrates into fat deposits. Cabbage juice can normalize intestinal function by removing bile that has stagnated in the body, fights constipation and helps remove harmful substances from the body.

Since the juice contains folic acid, which helps conception and full development of the fetus, it is useful for expectant mothers to drink. The vitamins and minerals contained in the juice protect against infections and colds.

When consuming cabbage juice, you should follow the rules. Juice has contraindications and restrictions. The drink is capable of dissolving and decomposing toxins accumulated in the body, causing severe gas formation in the intestines, so you can drink no more than three glasses a day. You should start drinking it starting with one and a half glasses. For the reasons listed above, cabbage juice is not recommended in the postoperative period, if operations were performed in the abdominal cavity, and during breastfeeding, with gastritis with high acidity, with kidney disease and problems with the pancreas.

The world we live in often affects the state of our nervous system, since it is full of various stressful situations, chronic fatigue and systematic stress. However nervous system should be constantly monitored and not overexerted. To do this, you need to streamline your daily worries, for which you need to create and adhere to the correct daily routine, and, if necessary, attend a course of psychotherapy, yoga, auto-training and other activities. But most in a simple way relaxation is a simple cup of herbal tea, fragrant and warm. wonderful natural remedy Soothing, which has a gentle effect on nerves worn out during the day, is evening tea. Teas that relax the nervous system help eliminate irritability, nervous exhaustion and relax before going to bed, overcoming insomnia. We will talk about how tea calms the nervous system in our article.

Tea from a collection of fragrant herbs

To prepare this wonderful tea, you should take plants such as St. John's wort, peppermint, chamomile and hawthorn flowers in equal proportions. Grind the ingredients, then tbsp. l. pour boiling water over the mixture in a cup and leave for 30 minutes, covering with a lid. Strain the cooled infusion and add a small amount of honey. Drink while sleeping. This tea will easily calm your nerves, but it is recommended to drink it for no more than two months.

Lime tea

To prepare tea, mix dry linden and lemon balm flowers in equal parts, add a glass of warm water to the mixture, and boil for about five minutes. The broth is infused for 15 minutes, filtered, a spoonful of honey is added and taken for tea drinking. If you take this tea regularly, your nervous system will react more calmly to various unpleasant stimuli.

Peppermint tea with motherwort

Mix chamomile and motherwort herb 10 g each, add chopped mint 20 g, linden blossom, lemon balm and dried strawberries. Three tablespoons of the mixture should be poured into 1 liter of boiling water and left for up to 12 minutes. You need to drink the infusion throughout the day, adding a little jam or honey if desired. This infusion is designed not to completely suppress the nervous system, but only to gently calm it. This tea should be drunk for a long time, without the risk of adverse reactions that are harmful to health.

Simple soothing teas

Mix 50 g of hop cones and valerian roots, then brew a dessert spoon of the mixture with boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, filter. Drink in small portions throughout the day. It is better to drink a whole glass of this tea at night. The product quickly calms the nerves and helps in the fight against insomnia.

Mix peppermint herb and valerian roots in equal parts, then pour boiling water over a dessert spoon of this mixture, leave for half an hour and filter. We drink this tea in the morning and evening, half a glass. To enhance the effect, it is recommended to add a little anise or dill.

Melissa, valerian root and motherwort are taken in equal proportions and brewed in a cup. Then infuse and filter. You need to drink a dessert spoon of tea before meals.

Drinking half a glass of tea before meals, prepared according to the recipe below, can calm your nerves and improve digestion. To prepare it, you need to place 1 tsp in a half-liter jar. motherwort, hop cones and green tea, pour boiling water, leave for 12 minutes, strain. Add honey to taste.

Complex soothing teas

Mix peppermint, oregano, St. John's wort and chamomile in equal parts. Then brew a dessert spoon of the mixture in a cup, leave, strain and add honey. Drink a glass of this tea in the morning and before bed.

Mix peppermint, valerian root, hop cones, motherwort and ground rose hips in equal proportions. A tablespoon of the mixture should be brewed as tea, steeped and strained. This sedative should be taken throughout the day.

Soothing teas for children

To prepare a soothing tea for children, you need to mix chamomile flowers, peppermint and fennel in equal parts. Then pour boiling water over a dessert spoon of the collection and hold on steam bath about 20 minutes, strain. It is recommended to give this tea to small children in the evening before bedtime, a teaspoon, as it can soothe, relax, and normalize a healthy alternation of sleep and wakefulness.

The teas that were described in our article can calm the nervous system and normalize blood pressure. Such daily tea drinking helps improve sleep and skin condition. The medicinal plants included in these teas help eliminate under-eye dark circles, improve vision, and improve the functioning of the stomach and intestines.

Previously, people could not imagine that a person’s breakfast could consist of various crispy balls with dried fruits, cereals and milk. But these days such food does not surprise anyone, because such a breakfast is very tasty and also easy to prepare. However, such food opens up a lot of controversy and discussion, since it is important for people to know the benefits and harms of breakfast cereals for human health. The very concept of dry food appeared in 1863, and it was introduced by James Jackson. The first food was compressed bran. Even though it wasn't very tasty, it was healthy food. The Kellogg brothers supported the idea of ​​dry food already at the beginning of the twentieth century. At this time, both Americans and Europeans were embraced by the idea of ​​proper and healthy nutrition. At that time, the brothers produced breakfast cereals made from soaked corn kernels passed through rollers. These breakfasts were more like raw dough, torn into pieces. They were helped by an accident in which this body was placed on a hot baking sheet and forgotten about it. Thus, the first breakfast cereals were created. This idea was picked up by many companies, and the cereal was mixed with nuts. Fruits and other products.

What are the benefits of breakfast cereals?

In the last twenty years, ordinary breakfasts, which consisted of sandwiches and cereals, began to be replaced by dry ones. The main advantage of dry food is, first of all, saving time, which is very important in our time. Few people can afford a complete and proper breakfast these days. That is why the main benefit of breakfast cereals is their simple and quick preparation. Such breakfasts are prepared simply. All you have to do is pour milk over the cereal. In addition, milk can be replaced with yogurt or kefir.

During the production of breakfast cereals, all the beneficial substances of cereals are preserved. For example, corn flakes are rich in vitamins A and E, while rice flakes contain amino acids important for our body. Oatmeal contains phosphorus and magnesium. But, unfortunately, not all breakfasts are good for the human body; some of them can be harmful.

Dry breakfasts include snacks, muesli, and cereal. Snacks are balls and pads made from rice, corn, barley, oats and rye. different sizes. These grains are steamed under high pressure, in order to preserve the maximum amount of useful microelements and vitamins. However, with additional heat treatment, for example, by frying, the product loses its benefits. When you add nuts, honey, fruits, and chocolate to the flakes, you get muesli. For the production of snacks, ground flakes, as well as various additions to them, are fried. Children often love snacks, so they are produced in the form of different figures. Some manufacturers add various fillings to snacks, including chocolate. However, after adding sugar and various additives to breakfast, it will no longer be very useful. In this regard, to maintain health and figure, it is better to choose unprocessed cereal or muesli with fruit and honey.

Why are breakfast cereals harmful?

The most harmful product is snacks, since their preparation destroys large quantity useful substances. One serving of such breakfasts contains only about two grams of fiber, while our body needs up to 30 grams of dietary fiber per day. It is healthier to eat unprocessed cereals that have not been processed heat treatment. This product will fill the body required quantity fiber. Snacks are harmful due to frying as they become high in calories and fat.

It is necessary to take into account the high calorie content of breakfast cereals. For example, the calorie content of stuffed pillows is about 400 calories, and chocolate balls are 380 calories. Cakes and sweets have a similar calorie content, and this is not healthy. Various additives included in breakfast cereals cause more harm. That is why buy raw cereal for children, without various additives. Add honey, nuts or dried fruits to your breakfast cereal and avoid products that contain sugar substitutes.

Wheat, rice and corn flakes are very easy to digest because they contain simple carbohydrates. This fills the body with energy and provides nutrition to the brain, but excessive consumption of these carbohydrates leads to excess weight.

Heat-treated breakfast cereals are very harmful. During the cooking process, the fat or oil used in the cooking process can lead to cardiovascular problems and increased cholesterol levels. Breakfasts often include flavor enhancers, leavening agents and flavorings. Avoid purchasing products with such additives.

A child can be given flakes from the age of six, not earlier, since coarse fibers are difficult for the child’s intestines to absorb.

Pain that people may periodically feel various reasons, can ruin all your plans for the day, ruin your mood and worsen your quality of life. Pain can be of different nature, but to get rid of it, people resort to using painkillers. However, few people think about the fact that by using painkillers, we can harm our health, since each drug has side effects that can manifest themselves in an individual organism. However, not everyone knows that some products can reduce or relieve pain, while being quite effective and without exposing the body to additional risk. Of course, when any pain appears, it is necessary to determine what it is associated with. Pain is a kind of signal from the body indicating that it has problems. Therefore, you should never ignore pain, and sometimes it is impossible to do so, since it reminds you of itself, sometimes at the most inopportune moment. In our article we will talk about what products can relieve pain, or reduce its manifestation at least for a while.

People with chronic diseases that periodically manifest themselves as pain can be put on some kind of pain-relieving diet to alleviate their condition. So, here are the foods that can soothe the pain:

Turmeric and ginger. Ginger is a proven remedy for many diseases that can effectively cope with pain. For example, in oriental medicine this plant is used to relieve toothache. For this purpose, you need to prepare a decoction of ginger and rinse your mouth with it. Pain resulting from exercise and from intestinal disorders and ulcers can be soothed with ginger and turmeric. In addition, these plants have a positive effect on kidney health.

Parsley. This greenery contains essential oils that can stimulate blood circulation in the human body, including blood supply internal organs. When parsley is consumed, the body's adaptive abilities increase, which speeds up healing.

Chilli. This is another pain reliever. In the course of research, it was revealed that red pepper can increase a person’s pain threshold. The molecules of this product activate the body's immune defense and produce endorphins, which work as a pain reliever. Traditionally, this pepper is included in the menu of peoples living in complex natural conditions and those engaged in heavy physical labor.

bitter chocolate. As mentioned above, the hormone endorphin, which is also called the “hormone of happiness,” is a natural pain reliever. The production of this natural pain reliever is stimulated by eating chocolate. The ability of chocolate to bring pleasure is known to everyone, however, this product not only gives you a good mood, but can relieve painful sensations.

Whole grain products. According to some experts, the ability of foods made from whole grains to relieve pain is excessively high. These products contain a lot of magnesium, which helps relieve muscle pain. In addition, these products help relieve headaches, as they protect the body from dehydration.

Mustard. Mustard can reduce headaches that arise from overwork or other reasons. It is enough to eat a piece of bread spread with fresh mustard.

Cherry. It is very easy to eliminate headaches by eating a few ripe cherries.

Garlic. This is another burning product that can relieve pain, and this also applies to pain resulting from various inflammations.

Citrus. These fruits have pain-relieving properties, just like other foods containing vitamin C. Citrus fruits relieve pain due to various reasons. In addition, these fruits act as a general tonic. Therefore, this is the first product to be given to patients in the hospital.

Cinnamon. Another important remedy used in the fight against various inflammations and pain. Cinnamon reduces the degree negative impact uric acid, high levels of which can trigger the development of many diseases, including arthritis.

Lettuce, as the earliest and most unpretentious green crop, has always been held in high esteem by gardeners. Most gardeners usually start spring planting by sowing lettuce, parsley and radishes. Recently, the desire to healthy eating And big choice greens in supermarkets make gardeners wonder which of these plants can be grown in their beds? In this article we will talk about nine of the most interesting, in our opinion, varieties of salad.

Despite the fact that calendar spring begins in March, you can truly feel the awakening of nature only with the appearance of flowering plants in the garden. Nothing signals the arrival of spring as eloquently as clearings of blooming primroses. Their appearance is always a small celebration, because winter has receded and a new gardening season awaits us. But, besides the spring primroses, there is still something to see and admire in the garden in the month of April.

Carrots come in different colors: orange, white, yellow, purple. Orange carrots are dominated by beta-carotene and lycopene, the yellow color is due to the presence of xanthophylls (lutein); White carrots have a lot of fiber, and purple ones contain anthocyanin, beta and alpha carotenes. But, as a rule, gardeners choose carrot varieties for sowing not by the color of the fruit, but by the timing of their ripening. We will tell you about the best early, middle and late varieties in this article.

Recommended enough easy recipe pie with a delicious filling of chicken and potatoes. Open Pie with chicken and potatoes - this is an excellent hearty dish that is suitable for a hearty snack; it is very convenient to take a couple of pieces of this pastry on the road. The pie is baked in the oven for one hour at 180 degrees. After this, we lay it out on a wooden surface, having first released it from the mold. It is enough to slightly cool the baked goods and you can start tasting.

The long-awaited spring for many indoor plants is the period of the start of active growing season, and for most - the return of their decorative properties. While admiring the young leaves and emerging shoots, you should not forget that spring is also a great stress for all indoor plants. Sensitive to changes in conditions and universal, all indoor crops face much brighter lighting, changes in air humidity and temperature conditions.

You can easily prepare homemade Easter cake with cottage cheese and candied fruits, even without any pastry experience. You can bake Easter cake not only in a special form or in a paper mold. For your first culinary experiences (and more), I advise you to take a small cast-iron frying pan. Easter cake in a frying pan will not turn out as high as in a narrow pan, but it never burns and is always well baked inside! Cottage cheese dough made with yeast turns out airy and aromatic.

It is also interesting because its fruits (pumpkins) are used for food by young, not ripe ones (greens). This means that you don’t have to wait for the harvest to ripen, and from late spring to autumn you can have fresh vegetables on your menu. In your garden beds, it is better to grow varieties and hybrids of zucchini that are resistant to diseases and changes in weather conditions. This eliminates unwanted treatments and allows you to get a harvest in any weather. It is these varieties of zucchini that will be discussed in this article.

IN middle lane April is the time when the first flowering of plants in gardens and parks begins. The constant soloists of the spring that has come into its own are the bulbous primroses. But also among ornamental shrubs you can find those that will delight you with fragrant flowers, enlivening the still inconspicuous garden. The main riot of beautifully flowering ornamental shrubs occurs in the month of May, and most of them, as a rule, bloom in mid-May.

Salad “Uzbekistan” with green radish, boiled meat and eggs - a classic dish of Uzbek cuisine, known to many since the times of the USSR. In any Uzbek restaurant you could order this simple but very tasty salad with meat and radish as an appetizer. If you have never cooked this dish before, I advise you to try it - you will like it and fall into the category of favorites! You can diversify the taste a little and add finely chopped cilantro, parsley and a pod of red chili pepper.

We are offered such a huge number of different drugs that, at times, even people can get confused about choosing one or another fertilizer. experienced summer resident. In this article, we invite the reader to get acquainted with OMU - a complex granular organomineral fertilizer of prolonged action, which compares favorably with other modern complex fertilizers. Why is WMD the best nutrition you can offer your plants and how does it work?

The group of medicinal plants that have a general calming (sedative) effect includes a large number aromatic herbs and bushes. At correct use teas and infusions from these plants help cope with stressful situations, improve mood, eliminate or reduce nervous overexcitation. In this article we will talk about nine of the most interesting, in our opinion, medicinal plants, which can be grown on the site without much difficulty.

Fragrance is not the most important feature and is not at all associated with orchids. But for some species and individual varieties, the smell is a significant addition to their main “image”. Favorite sweets, confectionery and spicy aromas are not uncommon among orchids. Vanilla aromas or more original spices in the scent notes give a delightful bright flowers even more exotic. And choose spicy ones fragrant orchids possible from both popular and rare species.

Easy pear and nut muffins - sweet, juicy and delicious! The birthplace of muffins is considered to be Great Britain and America. In England, such muffins are made from rich yeast dough, in America from buttery yeast-free dough, which is loosened with baking soda or baking powder, or both at the same time. The basic muffin recipe looks something like this: 200 g flour, 200 ml milk or kefir, 100 g eggs, 100 g butter, baking powder and soda.

What does it take to get a good potato harvest? Many gardeners will say - good seed material, fertile soil, timely watering and fertilizing. But there is one negative factor that can significantly reduce the potato yield, despite the fulfillment of the above conditions - weeds. On plantations overgrown with weeds, it is not possible to obtain a rich potato harvest, and repeated weeding is one of the most labor-intensive procedures in caring for the crop.

Some of the summer residents are lucky and they acquire an estate with several mature spreading trees that create shade and cozy corners. But ours new dacha there were practically no such plantings. And the half-empty area behind the chain-link mesh turned out to be completely open to prying eyes. That's why this interesting design arose, which meets the specific requirements of our family. I think our experience in constructing multifunctional plant supports will be interesting to you too.

A gardener's dream come true that grows in all weather conditions? This is beets, the most useful and vitamin-rich vegetable in the country. Everything about beets is edible, including the leaves. It goes in the salad, as a side dish, and in borscht. This popular root vegetable is good because it can be eaten both raw and boiled. And what’s important is that it’s tasty and appetizing in any size, not to mention a cocktail of a colossal amount of healthy ingredients. Even a novice summer resident can grow a wonderful plant on his site without much hassle, especially if he listens to our advice and recommendations on choosing beet varieties, on the intricacies of planting seeds in open ground and on proper agricultural cultivation techniques.

Choosing a beet variety

According to the timing of ripening, beets can be divided into the following varieties (from the first shoots to the moment of harvesting):

• early-medium early (80-110 days);
• mid-season (110-130);
• late ripening (130-145).

The most popular varieties of early or early ripening beets include: Early Vodan, Carillon, Red Ball, Mona, Egyptian and Gribovskaya Ploskaya, Action, Nastenka.

Mid-season varieties are represented by the following: Bordeaux-237, Sonata, Crimson Ball, Valya, Detroit and Cold-resistant 19.

Among the late-ripening varieties, the following are common: Salad, Matrona and Cylinder.

Beet varieties often differ in that some grow on the surface, while other root crops “sit” exclusively in the ground. So, the first ones are better suited for clay soils.

When and how to plant beets in open ground

Landing dates

Beets are considered a relatively heat-loving vegetable, so they should be planted when the ground temperature warms up to +6-10 degrees. In other words, the timing of sowing beets varies depending on climatic features your place of residence. For example, in the South (Krasnodar, Kuban), root crops can be sown approximately in the second half of March-April. But in the middle zone (Moscow region), the suitable time for planting beets in open ground is in early to mid-May, and in Siberia and the Urals - the second half of May.

Variety also affects planting time. For example, early ones are usually planted early, and late ones - later. The point is, if you plant late varieties early, the root crop will grow too rough.

By the way! The popular reference point for sowing beets is the moment when small leaves the size of a penny appear on the birch tree.

If you want to choose a specific date for planting root crops, then the lunar calendar will always come to your aid. So, most favorable days for sowing beets for seedlings or in open ground lunar calendar in 2018 are:

• February - 20-25 (unless you live in the South and want to plant seedlings first);
• March - 8-10, 19-23, 27;
• April - 5, 7, 9-11, 19-23;
• May - 9-11, 21-23.

Important! If we turn to the lunar calendar, then it is worth knowing that it is even more important not to plant a vegetable in unfavorable days. And this is in 2018: in February - 14-16; in March - 1-3, 16, 30; in April - 15, 17, 29-30; in May - 14-16, 28-30 and in June - 12-14, 29.

Preparing seeds for planting

You can always plant beets with dry seeds, but to improve germination, it is advisable to pre-soak and germinate them.

You can germinate beet seeds before planting different ways:

When using any method of seed germination, the essence is approximately as follows: the seeds are placed on a damp surface, the container with which is placed in a warm place where the temperature fluctuates around +20-22 degrees and make sure that the seeds do not dry out, periodically adding water to the container .

Benefits of germinating beet seeds:

• You can immediately see which seeds have sprouted and which have not. This way you can achieve better germination in open ground.
• When planting with germinated seeds, seedlings appear much faster, usually within 4-6 days.

Bed and soil

Beets grow well in sunlit beds, so they should be planted where there is frequent sun.

You can even plant the root vegetable close to trees on the south side, where the sun will nourish the vegetable for at least half a day.

Advice! If your dacha is located in a lowland and the places are relatively swampy, then it is better to plant beets (and not only them). on high beds. Many gardeners, in principle, love and successfully grow vegetables in such beds.

Excellent precursors for planting beets are: legumes, onions, cabbage, potatoes, tomatoes and cucumbers.

It is advisable to prepare the soil for growing root vegetables in advance, even in the fall, although it’s okay if you start preparing it right in the spring shortly before planting.

Beets, like all other root vegetables, need very good and loose soil, but in clay it is simply difficult for them to grow. It costs about a spade's length to dig up the soil.

If your soil is too sandy, then you can improve it by adding high-quality humus or compost, adding a couple of spoons of superphosphate to it, and then carefully digging and moving everything.

If your soil is too heavy (clayey), then in addition to humus or compost and superphosphate you should add peat and just a little sand to the soil.

Beets do not like acidic soils, so if your soil is highly acidic, you should deacidify it by adding lime or dolomite flour. If you have clay soil, then more. If it’s sandy, then a little smaller.

If you add wood ash to the soil in advance, it will have a very good effect on the vegetable. You can also do this during planting and subsequent fertilizing.

Note! You cannot add fresh manure to the soil for beet beds, even in the fall, especially in the spring. This root vegetable really likes to accumulate nitrates, which we don’t need at all.

Video: the intricacies of planting beets in open ground

Sowing in the garden

Many experienced vegetable growers recommend making furrows along the edge of the bed. With this planting, the root crops will grow large, and the bed itself will be beautiful. Good neighbors for beets can be onions, dill, tomatoes, cabbage and lettuce.

By the way! There is even a saying: “Beets love to rub against the housewife’s hem.”

Step-by-step instructions for planting beet seeds in open ground:

1. Prepare the seeds: soak and germinate.
2. Choose a place for the bed and make grooves.
3. It is good to shed the grooves with water.
4. Spread the seeds. Seeds should be planted at a distance of about 3-4 centimeters from each other. Between the rows - at a distance of 20-30 centimeters.
5. This root vegetable loves wood ash, so it is recommended to sprinkle some immediately after sowing.
6. Then fill the grooves with earth and sprinkle a little ash again.
7. Mulch with sawdust (lightly, thick layer no need to do this).
8. Cover with anti-freeze film for a greenhouse effect. As soon as the shoots appear, the film can be removed.

Video: sowing beets with sprouted seeds

Sowing beet seeds for seedlings

If you want to get more early harvest, then you can plant beet seeds for seedlings. The main specificity of sowing is that the planting capacity must be high enough, because we are planting root crops.

By the way! Beets grown through seedlings will not require thinning in the future for obvious reasons.

The agricultural technology for growing beets through seedlings is quite simple: watering is required as the soil dries, as well as a bright place. When the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, the small root crop can be planted in open ground.

On a note! If you want to tinker a little and try to get an earlier harvest, then sow beets as seedlings. If not, then it grows well without seedlings.

Caring for beets after planting in open ground: agricultural cultivation techniques

If the beets were planted correctly, then friendly shoots will appear within 4-6 days.

Further basic care of beets consists of loosening, timely thinning (the most important thing), watering and fertilizing.

Almost immediately after germination you need to start loosen the bed(especially if it starts to rain) so that air can reach the roots faster. Otherwise, it may start to hurt (if it is flooded with water).

Thinning

On a note! The need for thinning is explained by the fact that 2-4 sprouts most often appear from one beet seed (therefore its seeds are also called glomeruli). If you do not thin it out, then there will simply be no room for it to develop normally, and the root crops will grow small.

Thin out Beets are necessary only after watering (or rain) and preferably in cloudy weather. It is recommended to water the tops so that the foliage also receives moisture.

Beets need several thinnings per season, usually two:

Video: caring for beets at the beginning of growth (first thinning)

Video: mid-growth care (second thinning)

Watering

The first abundant watering of beets is usually carried out after the first thinning. Then you need to water it about once a week.

As you know, beets love water very much, especially since they need to be watered frequently and abundantly during dry periods of summer, for example, in July. The optimal water consumption is 10-15 liters per 1 sq. meter of bed.

It is worth increasing the frequency and quantity of watering as the root crop grows. If it lacks moisture, the fruits will grow small, rough and have no taste.

Watering beets should be stopped approximately 1-2 weeks before harvest.

Top dressing

If you have not fed the soil with enough organic matter and mineral fertilizers, then to successfully grow beets you will need to feed them several times.

As a rule, beets should be fed for the first time the day after the first thinning, for example, herbal infusion. The root crop responds simply wonderful to this fertilizer.

If you want the beets to be sweet, then about a month before harvesting them (often this coincides with the second thinning), you can 1 time pour saline solution(at the rate of 15-20 grams of salt (1 tablespoon) per 10 liters of water) or you can use a solution of sodium nitrate.

Beets also need boron fertilizing, for example, with Mag-Bor fertilizer (1 tablespoon per bucket of water) or using boric acid (1/2 teaspoon per 1 bucket of water). Feeding consumption is 10 liters per 1 sq. meter. Without enough boron, the root crop may develop a hollow center or the core may become dark.

You can feed beets during the season according to the following scheme:

• The first feeding, as a rule, is carried out exclusively with organic matter. A solution of mullein or chicken manure is prepared (take 1 kg per 1 bucket of water). Then it is infused for several days (usually 4-5 days is enough). Now 1 liter of infused solution is diluted in a bucket of water and poured onto the garden bed using a watering can, and then watered with regular water to wash the leaves. As an alternative, you can use an ash solution (1-1.5 cups of ash should be thoroughly mixed in a bucket of water).
• The second feeding should be done after about 12-15 days using phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.
• The third feeding occurs at the time of 2nd thinning. You need to re-apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers of your choice to the garden bed.

Video: the intricacies of growing beets to improve their taste and keeping quality

Harvesting and storing beets

Naturally, you need to have time to harvest the beets before the onset of frost. Moreover, delaying the timing will lead to the accumulation of excessive amounts of nitrates in the root crop, which cannot be allowed.

To prevent the beets from wilting during storage, when harvesting the leaves must be shortened to 2 centimeters; there is no need to tear them out completely; later they will dry out on their own. It is also important to leave the root (tail) at the end of the root vegetable.

Important! Find detailed information about ways to store beets after harvesting you can In this article.

If you care about your future health and are “hooked” on beets, then rest assured that you are quite capable of growing a harvest of juicy and large root crops, which are perfectly stored until the New Year and beyond. To do this, you must follow all sowing rules and proper care: regular loosening of the soil, removal of weeds and timely watering.

Video: how to grow large beets

Beetroot is one of the favorite garden crops; it can be found in almost every garden plot. The secret to a good beet harvest is making the right choice varieties, timely planting and good care.

Growing beets in open ground

Variety selection

There are quite a few varieties of table beets used in cooking. Experienced gardeners recommend planting several varieties different periods maturation. The harvest is harvested in two periods, early varieties for consumption in the summer, mid-season and late varieties for canning and storage.

The most popular varieties:

• early - Libero, Incomparable A 463, Vinaigrette Marmalade;

Beetroot Vinaigrette Marmalade

• mid-season - Dark-skinned, Negro, Larka;

Beet Black

• later - Cylinder, Ataman.

Beet Ataman

In addition, when purchasing, you should pay attention to the purpose of the variety - for fresh consumption and cooking, for canning, for storage. The shape and color of the root vegetable is a matter of taste, but it has been noted that varieties with uniform pulp without rings are juicier.

Varieties with uniform pulp without rings are juicier

Preparing a site for beets

Beets love warmth and bright light, so they need sunny plot with nutritious and loose soil. It grows well on peat soils, sandy loams and loams with high fertility. To ensure a high yield, it is better to prepare the area for beets in the fall.

Good predecessors of this culture are:

• tomatoes and peppers;
• cucumbers, pumpkins and zucchini;
• greens, legumes, grains;
• onion garlic.

• potatoes;
• all types of cabbage, radish;
• carrots, celery and parsnips.

Beetroot grows worst in areas where its closest relatives were grown: chard, fodder, sugar and table beets.

The plot is dug up at the end of the gardening season or in early spring on the bayonet of a shovel with the application of fertilizers indicated in the table.

It is important not to exceed the recommended doses of mineral fertilizers, otherwise the root crops will turn out loose, with voids and cracks. You can replace fertilizers with organic matter: rotted manure that has lain in the herd for at least two years, humus, and ash.

It is better to make beds immediately before planting

It is better to make beds immediately before planting, this way more moisture will be retained in the soil and the seeds will germinate faster. The soil is loosened and leveled with a rake; if it has already dried out, you need to water it well, after which you can start sowing.

Seed treatment

Beet seeds

Beet seeds are wrinkled drupes and are quite large in size, so they are easy to plant at the required intervals. Store-bought seeds are often treated with stimulants and fungicides and are easily recognized by their bright pink or greenish color. Such seeds do not need treatment; it can even be harmful. They are sown dry without preparation in moist soil.

Beet seeds treated with stimulants and fungicides

The color of untreated beet seeds is brownish, sometimes sandy with a greenish tint. It is recommended to prepare them before planting in the manner described below.

1. Soak the seeds in water at room temperature for several hours. The floating seeds are thrown away; they usually germinate late and produce small root crops of irregular shape.
2. Drain the water and immerse the seeds, wrapped in gauze, in a solution of Epin, Zircon or another germination stimulator. Keep them in the solution for half an hour to 4 hours, following the instructions for use of the drug.
3. Remove from the stimulant solution and place in a warm place for 12-24 hours. During this time, the seeds swell, some of them hatch, after which you can begin planting.

Beet seed treatment

Planting beets in open ground

In order for beets to please you with a good harvest, it is important to correctly determine the planting time. Single sprouts appear at a soil temperature of 5-7 degrees, but massive and friendly shoots can only be achieved when the soil warms up to a temperature of 13-16 degrees at a depth of 8-10 cm.

This usually happens no earlier than mid-May. It makes no sense to plant beets in open ground before - being in cold, damp soil, the seeds can rot, and the sprouted plants will then disappear.

Beets are usually planted no earlier than mid-May.

On the prepared beds, grooves with a depth of about 2 cm are marked. It is convenient to make them using a board, pressing its end into the loosened soil - the bed of the grooves will be dense, and the planting depth will be the same. Having chosen a board of the desired width, you can also use it to mark the distance between the rows. It should be:

• 10-15 cm for obtaining small root vegetables intended for summer consumption or pickling;
• 20-30 cm for varieties with large root crops for winter storage.

The grooves are watered from a watering can, preventing erosion, and left until the water is absorbed. The seeds are laid out at the bottom of the furrows, maintaining an interval of 4 to 10 cm, depending on the size and purpose of the selected variety. They are covered with soil or well-rotted humus on top and watered.

Planting beets

For large planting volumes, you can make a template, as in the figure, and the distances between plants will always be the same.

Pattern for sowing beets at the same distance

Video - The subtleties of planting beets in open ground

Beet care

Beets are unpretentious and drought-resistant, but they can produce a high yield only with good care and compliance with agricultural practices.

1. In dry and hot weather, beets are regularly watered from a watering can using the sprinkling method. It is better to use water that has been settled and heated in the sun. At the same time, the leaves are refreshed, the plants accept feeding better, and grow faster.

   In dry and hot weather, beets are regularly watered from a watering can using sprinkling method

2. Beets must be loosened regularly to prevent the formation of a hard soil crust. It is better to do this the morning after watering. The depth of loosening is no more than 3-4 cm, otherwise there is a risk of damaging the root crops.
3. Mulching will help reduce the frequency of watering and loosening, and will also reduce the number of weeds. Sawdust, straw, and humus are used as mulch.

   Mulching will help reduce the frequency of watering and loosening

4. Beets need to be weeded regularly from the emergence of seedlings until the leaves close, after which weeds she is not afraid.
5. In the phase of two true leaves, the plants are thinned out, leaving a gap of 3-5 cm between them. The second thinning is carried out when the root crops reach 1.5-2 cm in diameter, leaving enough space between them for the selected variety. The plucked plants can be used to make soups and salads.

   In the phase of two true leaves, the plants are thinned out

6. Frequent feeding of beets is usually not required if the soil is properly prepared. On poor soils, in the first weeks after germination, you can water the seedlings with an infusion of mullein or chicken droppings.
7. Recommended two to three times per growing season feed the plants with a complex fertilizer containing microelements: potassium, boron, copper, molybdenum. Ash dusting is also useful and will also help in pest control.

Beet diseases and pests

With good care, beets rarely get sick or are affected by pests, but for a full harvest it is important not to miss the first signs of the disease.

Fomoz		Fungal disease, accompanied by the appearance of spots on lower leaves and dry rot of the root core. The reason is a lack of boron, fertilizing with boric acid is necessary
Cercospora	Beet cercospora	It affects plant leaves, impairs the growth and development of root crops. The reason is a lack of potassium; fertilizing with potassium chloride or ash is necessary
False powdery mildew, peronosporosis		They can be identified by a gray-violet coating on the underside of the tops, then they begin to dry out or rot. The plant must be sprayed with fungicides, it is better to do this prophylactically in the phase of 2-3 leaves
Corneater		A disease of infectious nature that affects seedlings. The stem becomes thin, turns black, and soon the plant dies. The disease occurs when there is a lack of aeration on heavy, damp soils.
Fusarium		Occurs in dry weather with insufficient watering. Leaf cuttings darken, roots crack with the formation of a white coating at the site of damage
Brown rot		On the contrary, it appears when high humidity and excess nitrogen. It appears as a brown or gray coating on root crops. When rot appears, the fruits are removed, and the area is not used for growing root crops for 4-5 years.

Video - How to grow beets beautiful, healthy and tasty

Table beet (beetroot) is one of the most popular root crops grown in personal plots. There are two ways to plant beets: seeds and seedlings. There is no fundamental difference between them. The harvest mainly depends on the structure and fertility of the soil, and weather conditions Many beet varieties are quite loyal. If you make a bed correctly, you can get high-quality fruits both in drought and in rainy summers.

Preparing soil and beds

When choosing a place for beets, you should pay attention to what crops occupied the planned area last season. It is categorically not recommended to plant this root vegetable after cabbage, but beet will grow well after potatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkins and greens. Carrots, peas and onions are neutral precursors. When growing beets on an industrial scale, they are planted after winter wheat and rye.

Beetroot is planted in a place that is well and continuously lit. There should be no dense bushes, spreading trees, fences or walls nearby. It is advisable to choose a high part of the site that is not flooded by heavy rains.

It is worth considering the basic soil requirements for beets.

• Acidity is in the range of 6.2-7.5. If there is a lot of rapeseed, wild sorrel and horsetail on the site, then the soil is acidic. Root crops will be small and ugly in shape. It is necessary to add lime or dolomite flour. When preparing a bed for beets, moderate liming is possible even in the year of planting.
• The optimal soil is loose, rich in organic matter (loamy, sandy loam, black soil). Growing beets in too clayey soil without special preparation and adding sand is a waste of time and effort. The fruit will be fibrous, tough and bitter.
• The depth of the arable soil layer is from 25 to 30 cm.

At favorable conditions Root crops develop quickly, and sugar accumulates at an accelerated rate.

Excessive lime content in the soil leads to a decrease in the ability of beets to absorb micro- and macroelements. It is important to follow the dosage.

Fertilizer application

Beets are demanding on the content of micro- and macroelements in the soil. For reference: 1 ton of root vegetables extracts from the ground up to 7 kg of nitrogen, about 3 kg of phosphorus and up to 9 kg of potassium. Bye root system is still weak, the plant especially needs phosphorus, then intensive absorption of other nutrients begins.

It is optimal to prepare a bed for beets in the fall by adding rotted manure, compost (about 15-20 kg per 1 m2) and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers to the soil. Mineral fertilizers can be incorporated into the soil before planting. Complex additives usually use NPK 13-12-19 or CAS.

For winter sowing of beets, the following fertilizer complex is applied to the soil (per 1 m2):

• half a bucket of manure, humus or compost;
• 30 g of potassium chloride (chlorine ions prevent the accumulation of nitrates);
• 30 g superphosphate.

Beets love organic matter, but adding fresh or half-rotted manure before planting will lead to a deterioration in the taste and presentation of the fruit.

In preparation for planting, the soil is carefully dug up to a depth of about 30 cm, all clods are broken, the surface is leveled and slightly compacted. Many gardeners plant beets on ridges - long, high ridges similar to potato ones. Thus, the root crop is better ventilated, receives more sun, and is protected from rot and souring. This is especially true for heavy soil. If the soil is fertile and loose, then you can plant using the carpet method.

Landing dates

Beet seeds can germinate at temperatures of 3-4 °C, but the process will take about 25 days. At 6-7 °C, seedlings will appear within 10-15 days, and if the temperature stabilizes to 11-18 °C, the period will be only a week. There is no point in sowing beets until the soil at a depth of 6 cm warms up to at least 7-8°C, since there is a high probability of seedlings dying from frost (the sprouts will not tolerate -1°C).

Planting beets in spring different regions produced on time:

• Northern Caucasus – 1st decade of April;
• Central Black Earth Region – 3rd decade of April;
• north of the Central Black Earth Region, Non-Black Earth Region, Volga region, Bashkortostan and Altai - 1st ten days of May.

Late beets for long-term storage are sown in the second ten days of May; they can be planted until June 10. These varieties have enough time before frost to fully ripen, and they are stored much better than early and mid-season varieties.

The dates are approximate; for each year they may vary depending on weather conditions.

You can sow beets in a greenhouse or in boxes about a month and a half before planting in open ground. Scheme for embedding into the substrate: 4 x 4 cm. This method is suitable for regions with unstable weather. The ripening period of root crops at seedling method cultivation will speed up by 2-3 weeks.

You can plant beets with seeds in the fall. There are special varieties for this, since ordinary types will begin to bolt and will not produce a harvest. Autumn sowing of beets is beneficial for regions with cool, short summers. The sowing time comes when stable frosts begin and the soil becomes crusty. In the Urals or Siberia, the right time is November. No general recommendations, from what date it is necessary to sow beets before winter. It is important not to miss the last period before the earth “sets” (3-4 °C below zero). According to popular observations optimal time The moment the cherry tree completely sheds its leaves is considered to be the moment.

It should be noted that beets planted in autumn are not suitable for long-term storage.

Seed preparation

Beet seeds are lumps of fruit, in which several seeds are collected (from 2 to 6 pieces). For this reason, many novice gardeners are surprised when, after carefully sowing seed-pods in a schematic manner, bunches of seedlings suddenly appear from the garden bed.

Beet seeds planted in the spring will hatch faster if they are prepared in advance. The easiest way is to soak for a day in a solution of one of the following products (per 1 liter of warm water):

• a quarter teaspoon of boric acid and half a teaspoon of nitrophoska or nitroammophoska;
• 1 teaspoon of superphosphate;
• a teaspoon of baking soda;
• a tablespoon of wood ash.

A day later, the seeds are washed, wrapped in a damp cloth and kept at room temperature for 3-4 days, without allowing the bundle to dry out.

When planting in autumn, there is no need to soak the seeds.

Sowing technique

Immediately before the spring planting of beets, the bed is loosened to about 5 cm deep and leveled. You need to sow or plant seedlings either in cloudy weather or in the evening, so that the soil does not become windy and the seedlings do not die from the hot sun.

Planting beets in open ground with seeds is carried out according to the following rules:

• rows are made at a distance of at least 30 cm;
• on loam, beet fruits are embedded in grooves 2-3 cm deep;
• on sandy and sandy loam soils - 3-4 cm.

In dry weather, the ridge is first spilled with water (an hour or two before); in rainy weather, it is enough to moisten the grooves well. After 3-4 days, it is recommended to loosen the soil with a spring or wire rake. After this procedure, the beets emerge more smoothly.

When seedlings appear, they must be carefully thinned out. This procedure is carried out twice: in the phase of two true leaves, leaving a distance between seedlings of 3-4 cm, then in the phase of 3-4 leaves. The average gap between beet sprouts should ultimately be 10-20 cm. Exactly how much to leave depends on the variety; usually the step is indicated on the package with the seeds.

If you leave too large gaps between plants, the root crops will grow large and difficult to cook.

Excess beet sprouts should not be thrown away. If you spill the soil well before the procedure and pry the seedlings with a special spatula (you can use the handle of a spoon), then the roots will not be damaged. The seedlings will quickly take root in another place, and the shape of the fruit will not be affected in the future, as happens with carrots.

Pre-winter sowing of beets is done in dry soil. The seeds are placed in grooves 4 cm deep and covered with loose substrate (you can mix soil with sand). Then the soil is lightly compacted, the bed is mulched and covered with dry leaves or spruce branches. In the spring, the covers are removed, the soil is watered with nitrogen fertilizer, and a film is laid on top until the first shoots appear.

Care

The main care for young beet sprouts consists of moistening and loosening. Do not allow a crust to form on the soil. Loosening is done carefully while the plants are small; you can do this with a regular old fork. Beets are responsive to this procedure, so it is recommended to carry it out until the tops close.

Feeding

The first feeding of beets with mineral fertilizers (nitrogen) is carried out after thinning, the second (complex) - after closing the tops.

Nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus are the main elements needed by beets. If you don’t have complex mineral fertilizers on hand, you can add ash, pre-mixed with compost, to the soil. Consumption: 3 cups of clean ash per 1m2.

It is better to apply nitrogen fertilizers for beets in several portions and not to overuse them, since their excess contributes to the accumulation of nitrates in root crops. Fractional application reduces the negative effect by 2 times. The best form is urea (10 g per 1 m2).

Second feeding of beets (when the fruit is about Walnut) consists of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. Consumption: 8 g superphosphate, 10 g potassium chloride per 1 m2. Nitrogen is no longer used.

If there is not enough boron in the soil, the beets react by rotting the core. Deficiency of copper and molybdenum also has a negative effect, which can be replenished foliar feeding(in the phase of 10 leaves). For this purpose, liquid microfertilizers are used, which contain boron in organomineral form and manganese in chelated form.

If the beets develop slowly, round yellow spots appear on the tops, then there are signs of potassium deficiency and too much acidic soil. IN in this case Watering with lime milk will help. Recipe: dilute 200 g of fluff lime, 80 g of potassium chloride in 10 liters of water. The solution should be enough for 10 linear meters of planting (along the line).

If the beet tops turn red (sodium deficiency), it is necessary to sprinkle the ridge with ash and sprinkle with salt water (1 glass of salt per 10 liters). This procedure will also increase the sugar content of root vegetables.

Watering

The watering schedule for beets depends on the weather. In the first month and a half of plant development, the soil should not be allowed to dry out. Young beets love evening sprinkling. After this procedure, the tops become fresh and acquire high turgor.

If the summer is not too hot, then growing beets in open ground will not be a hassle. After the tops are closed between the rows, the moisture will erode more slowly, and the root crop is already able to extract nutrition from the deeper layers of the soil.

Watering beets stops about a month before harvesting.

Diseases

Proper agricultural technology minimizes the likelihood of beet diseases caused by soil quality. Increased acidity causes root defects, such as:

• scab in the form of cracks and growths on the fruit;
• phomosis (zonal leaf spot) - the disease can also be a consequence of boron deficiency;
• blackening of the pulp;
• root beetle, “black leg” (at the seedling stage);
• voids in the root crop.

However, all of the above can also occur due to excess nitrogen or unbalanced fertilizing, so fertilizers must be applied correctly.

May develop fungal diseases: peronospora, cercospora, manifested by drying out of the tops. Only treatment with fungicides (CHOM, Fundazol, Carbendazim, copper oxychloride) can help.

Pests

Growing beets in the country may be unsuccessful for years if wheatgrass grows around the bed and the soil is highly acidic. This is the most comfortable habitat for the larvae of the click beetle - wireworms. They are the ones who can literally turn any root vegetable into a sieve.

The number of these beet pests can be reduced only by regularly used control methods:

• select yellow worms manually when digging:
• dig in traps in the form of potato tubers;
• exterminate wheatgrass, liming the soil;
• periodically use special means (for example, Provotox granules).

Beet leaf and root aphids can also cause damage. Regular spraying with a solution of “Green Soap” and Pyrethrum will help destroy the pest.

Beet flea beetles eat the leaf pulp. Ash will be useful in the fight against them, tobacco dust, pollination with Hexachlorane is effective.

If white winding passages appear on beet leaves, it means that the larva of a leaf miner lives in them. With a small scale of damage, the leaves are torn off and destroyed. In case of mass infection, treatment with Fufanon and Bi-58 New is used.

In most cases, growing beets in personal plots does not cause much trouble. If there are few weeds, and the soil is tilled correctly in spring and autumn, then the risk of pest attack is minimal. Crop rotation is also an effective protection measure.

Many gardeners plant both late and early beets on their plots, providing themselves with a fresh harvest and a supply of root crops for the winter. This is an unpretentious plant, the seeds of which germinate quickly enough, the seedlings are patient with unfavorable weather conditions, and to get a good harvest, it is enough to properly prepare the bed.

Beetroot is a widely known and healthy vegetable. It is easy to grow and has a long shelf life. In the rather harsh conditions of our country, it provides us with the necessary vitamins during the harsh winter and during the period of spring vitamin deficiency. If the conditions are met, if you care for and love the plant, planting this vegetable with seeds in open ground is not difficult.

Correct timing of planting beets in open ground

Beets are planted in different ways. It can be planted with seeds or seedlings. This is done in the spring or autumn; it is important to observe the correct timing. Spring planting seeds are carried out into open ground in the 1st-2nd decade of May, after the soil has completely warmed up.

If the seeds are placed in insufficiently warmed soil, the seedlings will begin to bolt and you may not expect a good harvest.

You can plant beet seeds in the fall, late October or November, it depends on your region. Planting is carried out when the air temperature drops to -4 degrees. You should not rush into planting; if the planted seeds wake up under the influence of heat, they will die.

When planting seeds for seedlings, the boxes are stored at home or in a greenhouse

Sometimes beets are planted as seedlings. With this method, the seeds are planted at home in special boxes. You can plant seeds at your dacha in a greenhouse or hothouse.

Seeds for seedlings need to be sown in early April, a month before they can be placed in open ground. Planting beets with seedlings allows you to get an early harvest and save seeds, since you can also plant the sprouts that remain after thinning on the beds.

The most popular varieties for growing in the country house or garden

Beetroot may be sugar, feed or table. Sugar and fodder varieties are usually grown on an industrial scale and are not sown in dachas. It is more common to see table beets in garden beds.

There are a lot of popular varieties; they differ in growth rate and storage duration. All table varieties are distinguished by high taste and bright color. Here are just a few:

1. Detroit. An early variety, the specimens are not very large with excellent taste. Root crops of bright burgundy color without rings on the cut, weighing about 200 g. The variety provides high yields.
2. Cylinder. Mid-season productive root crop. Fully lives up to its name. Red beets, cylindrical up to 16 cm in length. Resistant to diseases, long shelf life.
3. Dark-skinned girl. Mid-season variety with excellent yield. Tasty, does not lose color when cooked. Weight 300-350g. Has good keeping quality.

Some varieties are excellent for the middle zone, others for the Urals and Siberia. When choosing seeds for planting, be sure to take into account the weather conditions of your region.

Varieties to plant in Siberia and the Urals

Particularly popular in Leningrad and other cold regions Merchant's wife, Cold-resistant 19, An ordinary miracle . These varieties are distinguished by excellent resistance to disease and cold, and high yield. The cylinder has also taken root well in these regions.

Cold resistant 19

To plant in the Moscow region

Many varieties are grown in the Moscow region and western regions. Some gardeners prefer juicy early varieties that will not last until spring, but are very tasty and will provide vitamins in the fall and winter. Others plant late varieties, less juicy, but stored for a very long time.

TO early varieties applies Red Ball, Detroit, Mulatto. All of them produce high yields, are distinguished by intense color and good taste.

Bordeaux, Cylinder and Mona, also attracted Muscovites. These are later varieties, with high yield and excellent taste, they are stored for almost a whole year.

Instructions for planting beets with seeds in open ground

Soil preparation

Before planting a vegetable according to step-by-step instructions, you need to prepare a bed for beets, do this in autumn. Select a sunny, open, well-drained place where cucumbers, tomatoes or onions previously grew. The vegetable grows poorly in places where carrots or cabbage used to live. Does not tolerate proximity to celery and garlic.

You can plant vegetables in the same place in 3-4 years. It does not tolerate waterlogging; it is better not to place beds on clay soils. Sunny, well-drained planting areas are what this vegetable needs for good growth.

The selected area is completely cleared of any parts of the plants (roots, seeds, leaves). Humus and a complex of mineral fertilizers are added to the soil and the earth is dug up to the depth of a shovel. To make the soil for beets less dense, the soil is mixed with sand or sawdust. Wood ash is an excellent food for vegetables.

Beets do not tolerate fresh manure at all.

If the soil in the selected area is acidic, add a little lime, changing the pH to neutral or alkaline. The optimal value for beets is 6-7.

In spring, the soil in the garden bed is loosened with a rake and complex mineral fertilizer. The crop requires nitrogen and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, as well as pest control.

Planting seeds in spring

Beet seeds

The seeds are sorted and need to be kept in solution for a day growth stimulant or wood ash. For the preparation of which 2 tbsp. l of ash is poured with a liter of warm water, mix well.

After 2 days, the solution is drained; not only beets, but also the seed material of other vegetables can be soaked in it. Ash provides seeds with a complex of essential minerals. After a day, they are washed and placed in a damp cloth until planting.

In the garden bed, even furrows are made with a depth of 2-3 cm. These grooves are shed with water; some gardeners prefer warm water. When the water has been absorbed, large beet seeds are placed one at a time at a distance of 10 cm from each other and sprinkled with earth.

Beet seeds are multi-sprouting; one beet seed produces from 2 to 6 sprouts. Sprouted seeds are thinned out after the appearance of 2 leaves. The procedure is carried out a second time when the 4th leaf appears.

Autumn landing

Beet seeds are often sown in open ground in the fall, when the air temperature drops. up to -4 degrees. In this case, the soil is prepared in the same way, but the bed is made high, 20-25 cm, so as not to be washed away by melt water. The grooves during autumn planting are deeper, 4 cm.

When planting in autumn, seed material does not need to be soaked and the bed is not watered.

When planting in autumn, dry seeds are planted in dry soil.

Benefits of autumn planting:

• seed material hardens well for the winter;
• early friendly shoots are ensured;
• frees up time for other gardening tasks;
• harvest ripens much earlier.

This method has only one drawback, but it must be taken into account. Beet harvest planted before winter does not keep for long.

To protect the seeds from frost, cover the bed with straw on top and cover it with snow. In the spring, when the air warms up to +7-10 degrees, the straw is removed. This method allows you to get an early harvest, even if spring warmth is delayed.

Planting seedlings at home

Seeds are planted in special boxes or under film in the country, a month before planting in open ground. The distance between rows is 5-8 cm, between seed material 3-5 cm. When 2 leaves appear, the seedlings are thinned out, leaving the most strong shoots, after the appearance of 4 leaves, it is watered abundantly, carefully, together with a lump of earth, transferred to open beds.

Before planting in the ground, seedlings begin to be hardened by removing the film daily and ventilating the sprouts at home. In order for the sprouts to get used to it, they need 7-10 days.

Plant one sprout at a time, after 10 cm. At a tender age, the sprouts take root well in a new place. This successful method allows you to get a high, early harvest and save on seeds, because all the sprouts can be planted.

Beet seedlings are planted in the ground, one sprout every 10 cm.

At what distance and according to what pattern should I plant in the ground?

On narrow and long beds, vegetables are often sown crosswise, with the distance between the seeds 10 cm, and between the rows 20-25 . This method makes it easier to care for crops. This is a one line method.

With the two-line planting method, two even furrows are made at a distance 25 cm from each other, then leave a strip 50 cm wide free. This is how they alternate planting. They also use a three-line scheme, when the vegetable is planted in 3 rows, through 20-25 cm. This is done to facilitate watering, weeding and loosening the soil.

To grow a large harvest, beets need to be regularly watered and the soil in the beds loosened.

Beetroot is an unpretentious vegetable that produces excellent harvests if you follow the tips and secrets described. Gardeners grow it in the southern regions, Belarus, Chelyabinsk region, middle zone and northern regions. It is good in our usual first courses, various salads, and is used to make preparations for the winter.

It stores well, providing us with the necessary minerals and vitamins until the new harvest. It can cleanse the blood and normalize digestion. All these qualities have made beets popular among different nations, and the history of its cultivation dates back many centuries.

Beet– a healthy vegetable, grown and used for preparing various dishes and used in medicine.

Each gardener grows beets on his own plot. To get a good harvest, you must follow the rules for growing beets in open ground.

Today we will talk about growing beets in open ground, caring for beets from sowing seeds, watering, weeding to harvesting and storing the crop. We will also consider main types of beets and conditions for growing this root crop.

Start preparing the site in the fall: you need to remove the remains of other plants, apply fertilizer (wood ash) and then dig up the ground.

The best predecessors for planting beets: cucumbers, peas, onions, beans, eggplants.

The area for beets should be well illuminated by the sun; beets do not like shading. The fruits will take on a rich hue.

Planting beets in open ground

In spring, loosen the planting area with a rake. When the ground warms above +5 degrees, you can sow the seeds. Do not sow seeds in cold soil; the fruits will not form well, which will affect the harvest. The optimal time for planting beets in open ground is considered to be mid-May.

Previously seeds need to be prepared, seedlings will appear faster. To do this, soak them a day before sowing in a growth stimulator or regular warm water. Dry before sowing.

It is advisable to water the area before sowing the seeds. We make rows up to 4 cm deep and a distance between them of 25-30 cm, pour plenty of water into the furrows, as soon as it is absorbed, sow the seeds and sprinkle with soil.

Make sure that a crust does not form on the surface of the soil; it will be difficult for the seeds to break through it. Loosen the soil and remove weeds in a timely manner.

Provide beets with regular watering, especially in the first half of the growing season, during the formation of root crops.

In the first half of summer Water once a week at the rate of 10 liters per 1 m2 of beds (under the root and by sprinkling).

Beginning from mid-July Watering is done 2 times a week with the same amount of water. Don't forget to loosen the soil after watering.

Repeatedly: one month and 2 weeks before harvest When watering, add 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water. table salt. This will add a sweet taste to the beets. Salt can be replaced with sodium nitrate.

10-14 days before harvesting, watering is stopped, allowing the root crops to prepare for storage.

Fertilize after the formation of 3-4 leaves with nitrogen-containing fertilizers (for example, a solution of bird droppings or a solution of mullein).

During the entire growth period, beets need nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. In the first half of the growing season you need nitrogen fertilizers, in the second half are needed potash fertilizers.

Phosphorus fertilizers It is necessary to apply little by little throughout the entire beet growing season.

In the second half of the growing season as a top dressing use ash: Add 1 cup of ash to a bucket of water, let it sit and pour from a watering can.

Beets love ash very much, and even the leaves acquire a healthy green color after feeding. If the beet leaves have lightened, feed the beets with potassium nitrate (3 tablespoons per 10 liters of water).

Beets are sown thickly, and this is done for its normal development. Also, this is a measure against poor seed germination. Therefore it is necessary to carry out thinning. It is most convenient to thin out after watering or heavy rain.

First thinning carried out during the formation of the first 2 full-fledged leaves, leaving a distance between plants of 2-3 cm.

Second thinning carried out when 5-6 leaves have formed on the plants, leaving a gap of 4-6 cm between plants.

Third time thinning must be carried out before August 15, leaving a distance between plants of 8-10 cm. Observe the thinning deadlines, this is an important point for obtaining a high-quality and large harvest.

You can grow beets in open ground from seedlings. A month before planting in open ground, beet seeds begin to be sown in a greenhouse. Make grooves 5 cm apart and sow seeds at a distance of 3 cm, sprinkle with soil.

After some time, sprouts will appear. When 4 leaves grow, the seedlings are ready for transplanting. 10 days before planting in a permanent place, harden the seedlings and ventilate the greenhouse. Just before planting, water the seedlings well.

Video - How to please beets

There is no need to hill up the beets (even when the root crop is peeking out of the ground), this way it will gain more sugar content and be sweeter. Beets must be harvested before frost. Root vegetables are stored in the basement and are well preserved until spring.

Each housewife chooses a variety for sowing, depending on the subsequent use of beets.

Main types of beets: canteen, sugar, feed.

For those gardeners who run a farm, it will be useful fodder beet for feeding animals. This type of beet grows large, so when planting, the distance between rows should be about 30-35 cm.

Table variety great for food. Sugar beets planted to obtain sugar.

By following these simple tips for caring for beets, you can get a good harvest.

Many summer residents grow carrots, beets, cabbage, zucchini, garlic, onions, and potatoes, as these are the most basic vegetables used in preparing various dishes, including canned food. The most interesting thing is that beets are useful to eat not only its roots, but also the leaves themselves.

Beetroot is one of the few crops that is not picky about its habitat, but which requires abundant amounts of organic matter and mineral fertilizers. The appearance of the leaves is similar to.

The most common beet varieties for growing in the country: Gribovskaya, Egyptian flat, Incomparable A-46, Cold-resistant, Podzimnyaya A-474, Renova, Pablo.

You need to care for beets like any other crop, namely timely watering, thinning, weeding and feeding.

Growing beets in the country

Despite her unpretentiousness to the landing site, she still has preferences. This should be a well-lit, drained area; light gives the root crop its color. If the soil is acidic, then when laying the beds, add ash with dolomite flour or lime. However, you should be careful with lime, as its excess will lead to scab disease in the crop.

When preparing beds for beets in May, compost should be added to the soil at the rate of 3 kg per 1 sq.m. If the site is in a damp place, then beets are grown on ridges. If you grow beets before winter, then you need to dig up the soil superficially and add compost or humus ½ bucket with 30 g of potassium chloride and the same amount of superphosphate per 1 sq. m. m. In spring, add 30 g of urea.

It is better to grow beets in the country using seeds. If you sow beets in the spring, then to speed up the germination of the seeds, soak them for a day in warm water. After which the seeds need to be dried and sown in loose soil and roll it in.

If you prepare seeds by bubbling, then sow them only in moist soil! (Bubbling is a very convenient way to prepare seeds for planting, which does not require pre-soaking. The seeds are saturated with oxygen using, for example, an aquarium compressor. Seed germination is 2 times faster.)

Seeds begin to germinate at a temperature of 4-5°C, seedlings can withstand temperatures up to 2°C below zero. If the soil is not heated, flower stalks will form on the beets.

Sowing seeds is usually carried out from May 1 to May 20, at which time the soil is still as moist as possible. The sowing rate for beet seeds is 2g per 1 sq.m. At winter sowing 3g per 1 sq.m (planting depth 3-4cm), do not forget about mulching the soil.

The distance between seeds is 5-8 cm when sowing shallowly in heavy soils 2-3cm, row spacing 18-20cm. At the first shoots, after about 4-5 days, thinning is required, preferably after watering or rain, do not forget about weeding and loosening between the rows.

The first thinning when the first 2 leaves emerge, the second when 4-5 leaves, leaving a distance of 6 cm between plants, the last thinning in August, a distance of up to 8 cm. Note that during the second thinning, the root crops can already be used for their intended purpose, i.e. for food.

Do not forget about watering beets when growing, as this is very moisture-loving plant, approximately 20 liters per 1 sq.m. in dry weather during the period of intensive growth. Such powerful watering is carried out 1-2 times. Water in small portions throughout the season. A month before harvesting, you should not over-moisten the soil; this will affect the quality of the harvest.

Fertilizers for growing beets

Beets need to be fed with nitrogen, boron, phosphorus, potassium, malibdenum, and copper. Beets really need all this. An alternative to these fertilizers can be a mixture of ash (3 cups per 1 sq.m.) with humus or compost.

During the entire beet growing season, you need to fertilize 2 times with mineral fertilizers. The first is carried out after the initial thinning with nitrogen fertilizers (10 g of urea per 1 sq.m.), the second - when the tops in the rows begin to close, with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers (10 g of potassium chloride, 8 g of superphosphate per 1 sq.m.).

To reduce the amount of nitrates in beets, nitrogen fertilizers should be applied in fractional portions; it is best to use urea. And chlorine forms of potassium fertilizers, due to the content of ions in them, will prevent the accumulation of nitrates.

Beets need copper and molybdenum and especially boron. Root feeding in this case it is NOT practical. Apply fertilizers containing these microelements using the foliar method.

• Yellow spots on beet tops will indicate a sign of potassium deficiency; watering with lime milk (200 g of lime with 80 g of potassium chloride per 10 liters of water) will help correct the situation. It is recommended to repeat this feeding after 10 days.
• Red beet tops indicate a lack of sodium and soil acidity. In this case, the beet leaves are watered with salt water, and the beds are sprinkled with ash.
• Light beet leaves will indicate a lack of potassium.

You need to fertilize when the root crop becomes the size of a walnut, it is best to do this with a solution of mullein at a rate of 1:8, but you can also do this: 2 g of nitrogen, 3 g of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers per 1 sq.m.

Harvesting and storing beets

Harvesting begins 70-80 days after sowing and ends before frost begins (mid-September).
For better storage beets and color preservation with all nutrients, you need to cut the leaves at a distance of 3 cm from the root. Store in basements or cellars at a temperature of 1-3°C.

• Plant beets where tomatoes, potatoes, onions and cucumbers previously grew.
• DO NOT plant beets where you grew chard, carrots, cabbage or beets.
• Maintain crop rotation.
• To increase the sugar content of the beets, water them with a solution of table salt (per 10 liters of water, 1 tablespoon per 1 sq.m.), or even better, sodium nitrate, and so on 2-3 times per season.
• It is best to grow beets with seeds, since the seedlings, after transplanting into the ground, get sick for a long time and cannot tolerate low temperatures, they will go into arrows or the fruit will be small.
• You can speed up the germination of beet seeds by covering the crops with vermiculite or peat, then moisture and warmth will remain and a strong crust will not form.
• The most common diseases and pests of beets: downy mildew, leaf spot, rust, root aphids, etc.