How to grow vegetables in the garden. Planting vegetables: the right “neighborhood” and types of beds. Choosing a growing location

The most popular way to obtain garden crops in personal plots is to arrange your own beds. You can cultivate many vegetables in open ground: potatoes, cabbage, root vegetables, zucchini, cucumbers, tomatoes, herbs and much more. But to get a rich harvest, you need not only to properly care for the plants, but also to carefully select the site and prepare it.

You will learn how to do this correctly from our article. We have prepared a detailed overview of methods and means of growing popular garden crops, and selected photos and videos for you that will facilitate the process of growing vegetables in open ground.

Growing vegetables in open ground

Choosing a bed for sowing a particular vegetable should take into account fertility, lighting, humidity level and other parameters necessary for each type of crop. For example, cucumbers are afraid of drafts, so they are placed in areas protected from winds, but at the same time sufficiently moist. For cabbage, choose fertile and moist areas, well-lit and protected from the wind. Tomato beds should be located in areas with sufficient lighting, but without excess moisture.

Figure 1. Preparing the soil for planting vegetables: digging, loosening and fertilizing

After harvesting, the beds must be dug up and fertilized (Figure 1). For this, you can use organic substances (manure, bird droppings or compost), mineral fertilizers or green manure - green plants that make the soil looser, prevent the growth of weeds and saturate it with useful substances.

A prerequisite for choosing a site for vegetables is compliance with crop rotation. Not all cultures get along well with each other. For example, cabbage greatly depletes the soil, so after it it is better to plant vegetables that are undemanding in terms of fertility.

The video shows how to make a universal warm breast for growing vegetables.

Preparing seeds for planting

A high yield of vegetables is ensured not only by the correct selection of location, but also by the preparation of seeds. Regardless of the type of crop, it is necessary to select only the best seeds and treat them before sowing. An example of processing is shown in Figure 2.

Note: Before use, the seeds are heated, hardened and germinated. This ensures the appearance of friendly shoots and high yields.

Preparing vegetable seeds includes:

• Soaking - the raw materials are immersed in clean water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate for several hours. This helps destroy pathogenic bacteria and saturate the seeds with nutrients.
• Hardening - the change is wrapped in a damp cloth and placed on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator for 4-6 hours. After this, transfer to a room at room temperature for another 12 hours.
• Germination - Before planting, bean or corn seeds are dipped in a plate of water, then wrapped in a damp cloth and kept at room temperature until small roots appear. This procedure significantly increases germination and yield.

Figure 2. Treatment of vegetable seeds before planting

Early and heat-loving crops are grown not only by sowing in open ground, but also by seedlings. This is the only opportunity to get a harvest in regions with a harsh or unstable climate (for example, in Siberia). With the help of seedlings you can get not only cucumbers, tomatoes or cabbage, but also beets, zucchini and corn.

Features of growing vegetables

Since each vegetable has its own growing technology, it is necessary to dwell in more detail on the main aspects of cultivating common crops in open ground.

Cabbage

Fertile soils with a slight moist slope and the ability to retain moisture are excellent for cabbage.

Note: Good beds for cabbage will be those where potatoes, cucumbers or onions used to grow.

You can grow cabbage without seedlings only in warm climates. In other regions, an early harvest of cabbage can only be obtained by pre-breeding seedlings (Figure 3). Seeds are planted at the end of winter in containers with a nutritious earthen mixture. After the formation of several leaves, the seedlings are planted in separate containers.

Figure 3. Planting and growing cabbage

Cabbage seedlings are transplanted in May, but it is advisable to prepare the bed in advance: fertilize it with manure and dig it thoroughly. Cabbage is planted in rows, at a distance of 50 cm from each other. The soil in the hole is moistened and fertilized with humus and ash.

Note: If the threat of frost has not yet passed, the seedlings can be covered with film, but when the temperature stabilizes, the cover is removed.

Cabbage is very sensitive to watering. In the absence of natural precipitation, the soil is moistened every 3 days, and additional loosening is carried out to prevent the formation of a crust on the surface. Hilling will help retain moisture and prevent weed growth. Cabbage can also be fertilized by adding mineral and organic fertilizers (10 days after planting the seedlings and again a month later).

Roots

Well-lit areas are selected for root crops. The most popular crops of this type are carrots and beets. But while carrots tolerate frost and drought well, beets require more stable climatic conditions.

Note: Despite the resistance of root crops to temperature changes, it is recommended to carry out pre-sowing seed treatment to accelerate their germination.

Beets can be sown either directly in open ground or grown using seedlings. The seeds are sown in small containers, and after two or three leaves appear, they are planted (planted in separate pots or cups).

Figure 4. Growing carrots and beets in beds

Sowing directly into the soil is carried out when the soil at a depth of 5 cm has warmed up. Cold soil can cause seeds to germinate slowly or stop growing altogether. Beets may begin to throw out side shoots. Sowing and caring for root crops in open ground is shown in Figure 4.

When growing carrots and beets, you need to properly care for the plants. First of all, this concerns loosening row spacing and applying fertilizers. Loosening the soil is necessary to remove the crust that forms on the surface of the earth after watering or rain. In addition, it helps eliminate weeds and saturate the plant roots with moisture.

Fertilizers are mainly organic (diluted cow manure or bird droppings), but special mineral supplements for root crops can also be used. It is also recommended to periodically thin out the seedlings so that only the strongest plants remain in the garden bed. Thickened plantings also provoke the development of diseases.

From the video you will learn how to properly grow carrots in open ground.

Pumpkin

The most common pumpkin crops in our country's gardens are pumpkin, cucumbers, zucchini and squash. The main requirements for their cultivation are a sufficient amount of air, sunlight and water (Figure 5). At the same time, pumpkin plants are not too demanding on soil fertility; for them, soil moisture is much more important.

Figure 5. Growing pumpkins, cucumbers and zucchini

Despite the fact that cucumbers, zucchini, tomatoes and pumpkins belong to the same class of plants, the requirements for growing them in garden beds are slightly different:

1. Grow pumpkin better in areas previously fertilized with humus or mullein. In order for the seeds to germinate faster, it is recommended to sow them in warm soil and cover them with film before the first shoots appear.
2. For squash the soil can be fertilized with minerals, but with proper care the crop produces a good harvest without additional fertilizing. Squash can be grown as seedlings, but it is much easier to sow directly into open ground, since the vegetable is highly resistant to frost.
3. Zucchini- fairly unpretentious vegetables that do not require special conditions. But to obtain a rich harvest, it is recommended to fertilize the soil with organic and mineral additives and observe crop rotation. In addition, zucchini loves well-lit areas and frequent watering. You can plant directly into the ground, but for regions with a harsh climate and short summers, preference should be given to the seedling method.
4. Cucumbers and their cultivation in open ground It is also quite simple. To do this, simply select a well-lit area with well-drained soil. Vegetables are planted directly in the ground and covered with film to protect the seedlings from frost. Such covering material also prevents the soil from drying out and stops the growth of weeds.

All pumpkin crops have one common requirement for cultivation: they are very sensitive to lack of moisture, so the beds should be watered regularly (every 3-4 days, provided there is no natural precipitation). Lack of water can lead to a decrease in the yield and taste of vegetables.

Peppers and tomatoes

It is possible to grow peppers and tomatoes in open ground only with the help of seedlings, since these crops are heat-loving (Figure 6). The bed is placed in a well-lit place protected from cold winds. In addition, it is necessary to fertilize the soil with organic and mineral fertilizers in the fall.

Figure 6. Growing seedlings of peppers and tomatoes in beds

In warm climates, peppers can still be grown without seedlings. To do this, the seeds are sown in prepared soil around the end of May and covered with film. After the first shoots appear, the shelter is removed. Tomato seedlings are also transferred to the soil at the end of May. After planting, you need to properly care for the plants, in particular, regularly loosen the soil to remove weeds, apply fertilizing during flowering and the beginning of fruiting, and also provide the crops with a sufficient amount of liquid.

Legumes

The most popular legumes are beans and corn. These are heat-loving plants, for which they select areas protected from the winds and well-lit (Figure 7).

When growing legumes in open ground, it is necessary to strictly observe crop rotation and carry out pre-sowing seed treatment. This will help not only improve the quality and quantity of seedlings, but also strengthen the seedlings during the development period.

Figure 7. Sowing and growing beans and corn

Since both corn and beans are very sensitive to frost, they are planted in open ground after the weather becomes consistently warm. In addition, before planting, it is recommended to germinate the seeds in a damp cloth until small roots appear.

Potato

Potatoes are the most common vegetable in the gardens of our country. This crop is undemanding in terms of soil fertility, but a rich harvest is still easier to obtain if sufficient amounts of organic and mineral fertilizers are applied.

Figure 8. Growing potatoes in open ground

Medium-sized tubers are suitable for planting. Longitudinal rows with holes are made in the garden bed at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other (Figure 8).

Note: Before planting, the tubers should produce small “eyes”, which indicate that the first shoots will soon appear.

Throughout the entire growing period, potatoes are weeded and hilled several times to remove weeds. If necessary, fertilize or use chemicals to combat diseases and pests. In general, growing potatoes in open ground is quite simple, and even novice gardeners can cope with the cultivation of this vegetable.

From the video you will learn how to properly grow potatoes and care for them.

Greenery

Green crops are divided into salad crops (intended for fresh consumption) and spinach crops (used for further processing). Salad greens also include spicy crops (basil, dill, cilantro), which are added to dishes fresh or dried. The greenery planting scheme is shown in Figure 9.

The most popular greens for fresh consumption are leaf lettuce. This is a cold-resistant crop that grows well in any soil, but it is better to obtain a bountiful harvest on loose soils.

Note: To keep the lettuce leaves large and juicy, the beds need to be watered regularly.

Figure 9. Planting scheme and growing greens in open ground

Another popular herb is dill, which is also resistant to cold and disease and does not require careful care. In the wild, dill grows freely, and often it does not even need to be specially planted, since it is sown independently in the garden beds. Dill can be harvested both for greens and for seeds (umbels), which are used as a seasoning.

Regardless of the type of crop, vegetables require careful care. Key activities include (Figure 10):

• Loosening - Using this procedure, the top crust that covers the ground after rain or watering is broken. Loosening helps improve the penetration of air and moisture into the deep layers of the soil. In addition, this allows you to remove roots and young weeds.
• Watering - Most vegetable crops and herbs require regular watering. But the amount and frequency of water application is different. For example, cucumbers and zucchini require more moisture for abundant fruiting, and excessive watering of tomatoes can provoke late blight.
• Feeding - The application of organic and mineral fertilizers at different stages of cultivation allows you to accelerate the growth of crops, make flowering more intense or improve the quality of fruits.
• Hilling - During the hilling process, the bushes are sprinkled with dry soil or peat. This helps retain moisture and prevents weed growth.
• Mulching- This is covering the space around the bushes with a layer of sawdust, straw or a special film. Using mulch helps retain moisture, slow weed growth and protect young seedlings from frost.

Figure 10. Vegetable care: loosening, watering, fertilizing and mulching

In addition, the growing process may require the use of special chemicals (herbicides and insecticides) to prevent disease and control pests.

The great advantage of a home garden is that the plants are under our daily control. But there are a number of features for such gardening. Vegetables can even be grown year-round. But the expected result will not always be obtained; you will have to work hard and even spend money. What points need to be taken into account?

Varieties of vegetables for growing in an apartment

Selection and seed companies have created special series of seeds for home gardening - the “Four Summers” series, for example. But you can choose varieties and hybrids yourself, taking into account some features. Choose early-ripening, small-fruited, high-yielding hybrids and varieties with a compact plant shape.

From tomatoes perform well at home Ramblin Gold Stripe, Yellow Riding Hood, Megabyte And Red scattering. From cucumbers parthenocarpics are successful Gift F1, Matilda F1, Santana F1. Bell pepper grows from seeds of the variety Subject And Kuzya- very productive. From basilicas It's worth trying small-leaved forms Naughty, Fresh, Bush.

Optimal timing for sowing seeds

Difficulties do not stop passionate plant growers, and hydroponic technologies and modern phytotrons with a controlled microclimate specifically for the plants being grown take root at home for a long time.

To ensure a guaranteed harvest, it is recommended to sow seeds at the same traditional times as when growing vegetables in a summer cottage. Firstly, it is completely consistent with plant biology. Secondly, you don’t have to set up long additional settings to maintain the desired temperature and use a large number of plants.

So, in the middle zone you can sow from the end of March to the end of August. Tomato, pepper and eggplant - at the end of January, cucumber and root vegetables - from the end of March.

Container size and soil

For tomatoes and cucumbers, a 5 liter pot is enough, beans - 2-3 liters, zucchini - 5 liters, greens - any container with a height of 7 cm. Ampelous tomatoes and some greens look great in hanging flowerpots.

It is advisable to use a ready-made, universal one for vegetable crops. It excludes the presence of fungal and bacterial diseases. It is often already filled with a complex of fertilizers, which is important at the initial stage of growth. If you want to use “garden” soil, then it must be taken from an area where similar crops have not been grown before. And it is better to disinfect it in one of the following ways: heat it in the oven, pour boiling water over it, and disinfect it with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. It is important for each plant to provide drainage in the container so that the root system does not rot from excess moisture.

Choosing a growing location

The best lighting will be on a balcony or window located in the south or east.

Further, not every crop prefers direct sunlight. To ensure comfortable conditions, you need to shade the balcony windows so that the leaves do not get burned.

If you have a balcony on the north side and you want to grow vegetables and herbs with your own hands, then you can’t do without additional lighting. This is especially necessary during the period when seedlings are grown. There are several solutions: use home lamps, purchase specialized ones. For good growth, plants need illumination of 8000 lux. Today, such a number of lux can be achieved by lamps of the type "Reflex".

Watering and fertilizing plants

Plants need water at room temperature (+20...+22 °C) and make sure that the soil does not dry out. Due to the drying out of the soil, the development of the plant will be uneven; during flowering, it may shed flowers and buds, and sometimes even leaves. As necessary, you need to loosen the soil crust if watering is carried out on top of the soil.

As a rule, fertilizing is not carried out on green crops. They are needed more for tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers and watermelons. The main thing here is not to overfeed: due to excessive supply of mineral fertilizers, the roots may suffer and the plant will die. It is better to “underfeed” your charges. Fertilizing is carried out with any complex fertilizers once every 20 days, 2-3 weeks after transplanting the seedlings to a permanent place. The norm indicated in the instructions can be safely divided by 2 times. At the moment of budding, it is necessary to feed with fertilizers containing calcium, magnesium and boron, then fruiting will be abundant.

Formation of plants

Considering that plants from special seed series are often compact, there is no need to shape them. But a number of cultures have their own characteristics. So, as basil grows, it needs to pinch the shoots; due to this technique, it will acquire a spherical shape. Cucumber and tall tomatoes are formed into 1 stem, removing all side shoots. All vines of melon and watermelon are tied up, pollination is carried out by hand, and 1-2 fruits set are left on each lash. Low-growing tomatoes, peppers and eggplants do not need shaping.

Love what you do

The correct choice of variety and timely care is half the battle. Without love and creativity, success cannot be achieved.

May you enjoy delicious and healthy harvests all year round!

Photos: Olga Petina, Shutterstock/TASS.

Already, many gardeners grow onions through seedlings, receiving a good harvest of onions from seeds per season. To do this, you need to grow strong seedlings and plant onion sprouts in the beds in mid-May with a formed root system and the first bunch of leaves.

When and how to sow onions for seedlings was described here.

When growing onion seedlings at home, problems often arise - the plants become elongated, thin, weak, easily lie down, bend or turn yellow, and the tips of the leaves dry out. To avoid problems, you need to know what conditions are favorable for this crop and what mistakes in care should be avoided.

13 Mar 2020

In order for eggplant seedlings to be successful, strong and healthy, you need to know what kind of care this crop likes and create favorable conditions for the plants to grow.

What eggplant seedlings like and dislike:

1. Eggplants love warmth. . Seedlings of this crop grow quickly at air temperatures above +20 degrees; when the temperature drops to +16 degrees, plant growth stops. It is necessary to control not only the temperature of the air where the seedlings are located, but also the temperature of the soil in the seedling containers, since if boxes or cups are placed on a cold windowsill, this can inhibit the growth of seedlings.

02 Mar 2020

When growing flower and vegetable seedlings at home, the problem of plants stretching often arises. You need to combat the pulling of seedlings immediately after emergence.

There are only five reasons that cause seedlings to stretch; by eliminating them, you will get strong, stocky plants for planting in the ground.

1. Lack of light causes plants to drag . It is important to provide the crops with lighting for about 12 hours a day immediately after the first shoots appear.

28 Feb 2020

When sowing vegetable and flower seeds for seedlings, in order to prevent misgrading and remember what is growing in a particular container, gardeners use various methods of marking crops. If seedlings are planted in cups, then you need to label each cup, since when rearranging or planting in the ground, the plants will be mixed and confused; only the labels on the cups will help prevent the plants from being mis-sorted.

What labels are convenient to use for marking seedlings? These can be either homemade or purchased flags and signs, but since you always need to label a large number of seedlings, it is better to save money and make labels for the seedlings yourself.

21 Feb 2020

The most exciting period of growing eggplant seedlings is waiting for the emergence of seedlings.

Most gardeners consider eggplant seeds to be difficult to germinate. Due to the long germination of seeds, eggplant seedlings are sown early - from mid-February.

Eggplants can sprout after 1 week and after 3-4 weeks. When there are no shoots a week after sowing, we consider that the seeds are of poor quality or the moon has influenced them, but we do not take into account the mistakes made when sowing this crop.

The germination rate of eggplant seeds is influenced by two factors - temperature and sufficient humidity.

14 Feb 2020

First of all, everyone has a problem - there is not enough space on the windowsills to accommodate everything that you want to sow.

09 Feb 2020

When growing vegetable seedlings, you must strictly follow all the rules of agricultural technology from sowing to planting in the ground. Even a small mistake, for example, an incorrectly chosen time for sowing seeds, leads to a decrease in the quality of seedlings, which can cause a decrease in plant productivity.

I will list the 5 main mistakes that kill seedlings:

29 Jan 2020

Growing vegetable seedlings begins with preparing the seeds for sowing. The first stage is that the seeds must undergo disinfection or preventive cleansing from fungal and bacterial diseases. Disease infections can persist on seed coats for a long time, and after sowing infected seeds, plants become diseased already at the seedling stage.

It is imperative to disinfect the seeds collected yourself. If the manufacturer assures that the seeds have passed all stages of preparation for sowing, then you can immediately begin sowing, bypassing the stages of disinfection and soaking of the seeds.

24 Jan 2020

Any gardener wants to consume vitamin products as early as possible. Greens, radishes, onions - all these healthy vegetables grown in open ground can delight caring summer residents with an early harvest in the second half of April.

The main thing is to know the necessary agricultural techniques. Early vegetables need to be sown in time, covered, and suitable quickly ripening crops and early ripening varieties must be selected.

There are several effective techniques for obtaining an early harvest of vegetables.

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1. Growing perennial crops (most often onions), which are the first to begin to grow in the spring and delight with an early harvest. Perennial vegetable crops are a valuable source of the earliest harvest. All perennial vegetables reproduce by dividing the bush. They can also be propagated by seeds. Among perennial vegetables, onions, asparagus and rhubarb produce an early harvest.

2. To get an early harvest you need to select crops with a short growing season And early ripening varieties . Early vegetables with a short growing season include crops in which the period from germination to the start of harvesting a commercial crop is 20-80 days. Also, when purchasing seeds, pay attention to the ripening period of the variety.

3. The use of special agrotechnical recommendations allows you to get the harvest much earlier. Of the known agricultural techniques, the most effective have been shown use of greenhouses and temporary film shelters , winter crops And growing vegetables on beds and ridges .

4. It also helps to obtain an earlier harvest. selecting a site for growing early vegetables . An area with a light textured soil, not flooded, sheltered from northern winds, and with a southern slope is more favorable for producing early vegetables.

Early vegetables in the greenhouse
To speed up harvesting, you can use various types of unheated greenhouses, greenhouses and covering material. Glass, polycarbonate, and film 100-180 microns thick are used as shelter.

In greenhouses, you can grow seedlings of many vegetable crops for open ground, which will speed up the production of a marketable harvest. Greenhouses can also be used for direct harvesting, especially heat-loving crops (watermelon, melon, eggplant, pepper, tomato, etc.).

Growing early vegetables under cover
Film (40-60 microns thick) and non-woven material (such as lutrasil, agrotex, etc.) can also be used as a covering material. You can cover both the soil (mulching) and the plants themselves (tunnel covers). Mulching increases the soil temperature in the root system zone and fights weeds.

When making tunnels, arcs made of metal, plastic, and willow shoots are used. A film or non-woven material is stretched over the arcs. The use of tunnels is especially effective on heat-loving crops such as watermelon and melon. Cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, zucchini and a number of other vegetables can be grown under tunnels to speed up their development.

Early planting of vegetables
The earliest possible harvest will be achieved by sowing vegetables before winter. Winter sowing is especially effective for carrots, parsley, nigella onions, lettuce, radishes, and dill. The seeds are sown in such a way that they swell, but do not begin to germinate (in the conditions of Primorye, this is the first five days of November).

In the spring, seeds ready for germination determine favorable conditions themselves and sprout. This agricultural technique accelerates the harvest by 2-3 weeks. When sowing, the seeding rate increases by 20-30%.

Early vegetables in the garden
Accelerates the emergence of seedlings and soil profiling - arranging ridges and beds for growing early vegetables. The ridges and ridges are better warmed up by the sun, which means seedlings will appear earlier and plants will develop faster.

Early varieties of vegetables
In addition to the fact that there are early ripening vegetables that, in any weather, produce a harvest within a month, you can also select special early varieties. Then even heat-loving cucumbers, peppers and tomatoes will delight gardeners with early fruits.

Early bow
First of all, these are perennial onions. Onion – one of the earliest vegetable crops that retains its marketable appearance for a long time. U onion-slime tasty juicy leaves, edible until the flowering phase. Also chives The leaves are tender at the beginning of the growing season and then become coarser. Multi-tiered onions - early regrowth and early consumption. Cheremsha - an early perennial crop, collected both in the wild and grown in the country.

Early root vegetables
U asparagus juicy thick shoots that grow in the spring are used for food. Both green and bleached shoots are used. Bleached shoots are obtained by hilling the seedlings. When the ridge reaches a height of 20-25 cm and shoots appear, it is raked and the succulent white shoots are removed.

Radish (spring radish) is traditionally considered the earliest root vegetable. The growing season ranges from 20 to 40 days. Early varieties are grown in the Far East Heat , 18 days , French breakfast , Yakhont and etc.

Early greens
Salads - These are mainly leafy and semi-headed crops from the Asteraceae and Cruciferous families. Lettuce and its various forms have a growing season of 40-50 days.

Beijing cabbage, Chinese cabbage, mustard lettuce have a growing season of 50-60 days. Using several dates for sowing lettuces allows you to create a conveyor for the supply of vitamin products, because lettuces can be sown in open ground from the end of March to the end of May.

Dill on greens. Agricultural technology differs from umbrella dill by 2-2.5 times increased seeding rates. When sowing in the 1st or 2nd decade of April, vitamin products can be harvested already at the end of June (beginning of July). Bushy dill varieties are best suited for growing greens: Kibray , Umbrella , Uzbek 243 , Superducat and others.

Early zucchini
Zucchini, squash, crooknecks are crops with a growing season of 45-55 days. When sowing in the third ten days of May, products begin to arrive in the second half of July. From zucchini For early production, you can grow varieties (hybrids) - Belogor F1 , Gribovskie 37 , Yellowfruited , Kaveli F1 , Video clip , Anchor , Whale (variety of Far Eastern selection) and others.

Of the early varieties of squash, the most common Disk , Umbrella , UFO white .

Early beans
Vegetable beans are an early-ripening, high-protein crop. Unripe beans (scapula) are eaten when the seed reaches a diameter of 2-3 mm. From germination (June 1-5) to the start of bean harvesting (July 15-25) it takes 45-55 days.

Common varieties bred in the central regions of Russia: Welt , Second , Option , Saxa without fiber 615 etc. Among the varieties bred by Primorskaya OOS, the most famous are Fedoseevna , Emerald , Solar .

Early peas
Early varieties of vegetable peas include Alpha , Inexhaustible 195 , Golden eagle , Early 301 , Yurga , Sprinter etc. They are often found in vegetable gardens and have a growing season (from germination to the achievement of technical ripeness of the blade) of 40-45 days. Peas are a long-day crop, so the further south the variety is grown, the longer the growing season.

Early cucumbers
For open ground in Primorye, we can recommend early-ripening cucumber varieties of Far Eastern selection Swag , Lotus , Cascade , Amurchonok , Surazhevsky . When sowing in the third ten days of May (seedlings appear on June 1-5), harvesting begins in the second ten days of July (growing season 45-55 days).

In the monsoon climate of the Far East, it is the cultivation of varieties of Far Eastern selection that guarantees the harvest, since they are relatively resistant to downy mildew and bacteriosis.

Early varieties of cabbage
The earliest varieties of white cabbage are considered to be those whose growing season lasts 70-80 days: F1 athlete, June , Malachite F1 , Number one Gribovsky 147 , Pandion F1 , Solo F1 , Surprise F1 , Chessma F1 , Express F1 and etc.

Early varieties of tomatoes
For tomatoes, the growing season ranges from 70-80 days ( Primorets , Summit , Iogen , Pearl etc.) up to 120-130 days.