How to make a winter change house yourself. Do-it-yourself frame change house for a summer residence - step-by-step manufacturing instructions. How the change house works

When starting construction of a facility, most companies first of all think about where to store inventory and accommodate people for comfortable temporary living. A change house is a real solution to these problems.

What is a change house and its purpose

A change house is a small-sized, inexpensive and comfortable structure that is easily transported or moved. It can be made from different types building materials. The main purpose of the cabin is to store equipment and live in it construction crews. In addition, it can be equipped as a production or office temporary structure.

Metal cabins with one room are designed to accommodate construction crews and store various equipment

Types of modern cabins

Depending on the material used, there are the following types of cabins:

Depending on its purpose, the change house can be used for the device:

1. Wagon-house. This type of mobile structure is equipped with runners in winter, and wheels in summer. This car-house is intended for people working on a rotational basis or film crews. In addition, it can be used as an office, a room for drying work clothes or a rest area.

   A movable car-house on wheels can be attached to a tractor and towed to the desired location

2. Warehouse. This design is made mainly from container blocks, which are equipped with strong bars on the windows and iron doors. The internal equipment of the storage shed is made of plastic panels or fireproof hardboard.

   Inside the storage shed there are racks for convenient storage goods

3. Dining room. The interior of the dining room is being set up required amount seating for eating. In addition, it has not only a dining area, but also a kitchen with various Appliances and even a plumbing system. Sometimes bathrooms, air conditioners and washbasins are installed in the dining room. Such metal constructions often converted into country cafes.

   The canteen can be used for catering at construction sites

4. Office. An office shed is a small container made of metal. It can be part of a multi-room building of the required dimensions. When such blocks are installed one on one, offices of several floors are formed, which in terms of convenience resemble concrete and brick buildings. Office cabins are equipped with everything necessary for comfortable work: electricity, heating, hoods, bathrooms and other equipment.

   Stationary office huts are installed on construction and retail sites, parking lots and other open areas

5. Premises for living. Residential cabins are made of metal or wood and are equipped with electricity, heating devices and a bathroom. They are intended for long-term living, since they not only have durable windows and doorways, but also convenient and comfortable interior rooms. If necessary, a change house for living can be made of several separate modules.

   People can live in specially decorated cabins for a long time

6. Sanitary units. A change house used for medical purposes has locker rooms, bathrooms, showers and other premises. This structure is heated, has a water supply, as well as window and door openings. However, according to sanitary and hygienic standards, not all types of materials for interior decoration can be used in a sanitary unit. Usually the finishing is made from wooden lining or hardboard, which is impregnated with a special substance.

Preparation for construction

In terms of technological processes, building a shed is not very difficult, since there is no need for special training, the use of rare and expensive tools, or extensive knowledge in the field of construction. But you should not hope that all stages of construction of the cabin structure will go smoothly and without problems, especially for novice craftsmen.

Project drawings for standard frame cabins

The most convenient size is a change house measuring 3 x 6 meters, since it is universal in weight, area, as well as the availability of building materials of a suitable size and price. However, for each individual case, a different layout is designed, which is based on a standard frame layout with the addition of the necessary partitions and openings. If the structure is temporary or you need to divide the room into certain zones (kitchen, bathroom, warehouse, etc.), then the internal partitions must be indicated in the drawing.

The traditional configuration of a 3 x 6 meter cabin design implies the presence of the following rooms: a central room 4.5 x 3 meters with amenities and heating, a corridor that prevents the entry of cold air, a bathroom and a storage room with dimensions of 1.5 x 1.5 meters. The roof is made from corrugated sheets, regardless of the model of the cabin.

Photo gallery: various layouts of cabins

Selection of material for the frame and foundation base

On modern market you can find a huge amount of building materials for building a shed: panels, plastic, metal, wood slabs and so on. Therefore, when choosing them, it is worth considering technical properties and design configuration.

The main part of the cabin is the frame. For its construction you can use:

1. A metal profile that is joined by welding. This profile is durable and resistant to various mechanical damage. Change houses with a metal frame are used for frequent moves.

   The welded metal frame has sufficient strength for repeated transportation of the cabin

2. Wooden beam. This is the cheapest option. This design always supports optimal temperature in any season. Wood is durable and quite reliable, but it is susceptible to destruction due to the appearance of bugs, as well as fungi and moisture. When using wooden parts in the construction of a shed, treat them with antiseptic substances, which will make the structure more durable and very reliable.

   The wooden frame of a cabin is usually insulated with one or two layers mineral wool, which is protected by a waterproofing film

3. Steel corners. It is necessary to take into account that the corners must be coated with high-quality powder paints, since they increase the stability of the cabin and also protect it from rust.

   The metal parts of the frame of the cabin must be painted with powder enamel

The foundation of the shed is best made from brick pillars, cinder block supports or concrete blocks. Under heavy metal frames A cast concrete foundation is made.

For external cladding For cabins, it is better to choose galvanized steel sheets. They are quite durable and very convenient to use. You can also use wooden paneling.

Wood-based cabins cost much less wooden structures, but they can highlight different chemical substances, providing Negative influence on human health. Don't chase after cheap materials for construction and subsequent cladding, as you risk wasting your money. When choosing a building material for constructing a shed, proceed primarily from your individual preferences, standards of durability, practicality, ease of design and its reliability.

Material calculation and necessary tools

When calculating the cost of a 6x3 meter wooden cabin, you must take into account the cost of materials, as well as how much their delivery will cost. To erect a temporary structure of the above dimensions, you need to purchase the following materials:

• geotextiles - 30 m2;
• anchors - 9 pcs.;
• sand - from 3 to 6 cubes;
• expanded clay - up to 3 cubes;
• material for pillars or ready-made foundation blocks;
• insulation - 8 m 3 or plates - 81 m 2;
• beam 150x100 mm - 18 linear. m or 0.27 cubic meters;
• timber 100x100 mm - 47 linear m or 0.47 cubic meters;
• lining - 22 linear m;
• edged board 40x150 mm - 0.72 cubes;
• tongue and groove board 30x150 mm - 0.54 cubic meters;
• OSB - 63 m2;
• board 40x100 mm - 40 m or 0.16 cube;
• timber 50x100 mm - 95 meters or 0.47 cubic meters;
• sheathing beam 50x500 - 50 m or 0.125 cubic meters;
• polyethylene - 81 m2;
• waterproofing membrane - 81 m2;
• corrugated sheeting - 21 m2;
• metal corners for fastening;
• self-tapping screws for roofing - 180 pcs.;
• self-tapping screws 70 or 80 mm - as necessary;
• nails 150 mm;
• windows, as well as internal and external doors - in accordance with the drawing.

Additional materials:

• various types of partitions;
• decorative finishing;
• technical and engineering systems.

The final calculation of building materials should be made only according to the drawing.

You will need the following tools for work:

Cabin layout

Today there are quite a lot of traditional layouts of cabins. They differ in the location of windows, the configuration of rooms and other characteristics. However, the main types of layouts are:

1. Construction of 2 rooms. One is workroom, the other is the hallway. There is a door opposite the hallway and one window.
2. Construction of 3 rooms. The peculiarity of such a change house is the separation of two hallway rooms. Each room has one window. Such cabins are called vests.
3. Change house from room and hallway. In this case, the hallway will be larger than the room. The length of the hallway is equal to the width of the entire structure.
4. The simplest option is a one-room change house with one window.
5. A cabin without windows.

There are other layouts of cabins. They differ in the area of ​​the premises, the location of windows and doors. However, traditionally such structures do not provide more than 3 rooms, since the total area of ​​the cabins is very limited.

Step-by-step instructions for making a change house

In order to build a change house, it is necessary to carry out the following types works:

1. Site preparation. The shed must be placed on a horizontal surface. The soil must be hard, otherwise heavy excavation work cannot be avoided.

   To place the change house, it is necessary to prepare a flat area on which drainage bedding will be laid

2. Preliminary work for the foundation. Along the entire perimeter of the structure, 0.3 meters of soil is removed with a protrusion of 50 cm beyond its boundaries. The resulting trench is filled with a layer of sand (about 15–20 cm) and thoroughly compacted. To increase the service life of the cabin, sand is placed on geotextiles.

   To protect the foundation base from groundwater, it is covered with a layer of sand and thoroughly compacted

3. Foundation installation. We lay the pillars strictly along the construction cords to a depth of at least 30 cm. For a structure measuring 3x6 meters, you will need to purchase 15 pillars, which are placed in a certain order at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other.
4. Cutting wood according to the agreed drawing. Prepared wooden elements treated with hydrophobic substances or an antiseptic. Fire-resistant treatment of wooden parts will not protect your structure from open fire, but it may well prevent fire from accidentally thrown cigarette butts.

   The wooden beam is sawn according to specifications and treated with an antiseptic

5. Assembling the lower frame crown. Before installing the crown, a double layer of roofing material is laid on the pillars. The timber is installed with the wide side down according to the developed design drawing. Next, the beams must be leveled and carefully secured to the posts with anchors. The base of the cabin will consist of two transverse and three longitudinal pillars (150x100 mm).

   The lower frame frame is laid on the foundation pillars through a double layer of waterproofing

6. Laying floor joists. We take a 50x100 mm beam and install it edge down with a certain pitch on the longitudinal beams of the crown. At the same time, we insert the timber into the 30 mm slots located in the lower frame of the structure. The step between the lags should be 60 cm.

   Floor joists are laid in 60 cm increments

7. Underfloor arrangement. The gaps between the pillars can be filled, for example, with construction waste. The subfloor is covered with expanded clay. This action will insulate the change house and extend its service life.
8. Installation of corner vertical posts. They are made from 100x100 mm timber. It is necessary to align the racks strictly vertically and plumb to complete their complete installation.
   

   The vertical posts are plumb and temporarily secured with struts until they are connected by the upper frame

9. Installation top harness. For the side and rear beams we use a 100x100 mm beam, which is installed at the level of the rear beams in the same plane. We install the front beam higher.

   The front side of the frame is made higher than the back side to ensure the required roof slope

10. Installation of additional vertical racks. For them we use thick timber 50x100 mm. Every door or window hole needs two racks. In addition, it is necessary to install the beams on the walls in one and a half meter increments.
11. Installation of rafters. According to the drawing, we install the rafters on the front and upper beam located at the back. We use a 100x40 mm board for work.
    

    The rafters are laid on the beams of the upper frame and form the frame of the future roof

12. Installation of sheathing. According to the drawing, we fasten the sheathing material to the rafters. This part of the work must be done before the wall sheathing is done and the floor is laid.

    The sheathing connects the structure of the rafter joists and serves as the basis for the roofing material

13. Rough floor. Most suitable option- tongue and groove board 150x30 mm, the installation of which is done in a continuous flooring. The subfloor is installed along the lower end of the floor joists.

    Subfloor boards are nailed to the bottom of the floor joists

14. Floor insulation. We install on the subfloor waterproofing membrane. We lay insulation between the joists on the membrane. You can use mineral wool or expanded polystyrene foam. We cover the joists and insulation with a durable polyethylene membrane.

    Between the insulation and the waterproofing film it is necessary to leave ventilation gap to remove moisture

15. Flooring and exterior finishing cabins. The floor is laid from edged boards 150x40 mm. The frame of the structure is sheathed with outside vapor-proof film, then facing material- plywood panels, clapboard or edged boards.

    The finishing material is pressed onto a layer of vapor-proof membrane

16. Installation of doors and windows. You can use both wooden and metal-plastic structures.
17. Installation of necessary engineering systems and insulation of the frame from the inside. The insulation is placed in the spaces between the frame posts. The width of the material should be slightly larger than the dimensions of the seat for it, so that the insulation fits into the cells with a slight interference fit. We do the same with the ceiling surface. We cover the ceiling and walls inside with clapboard or any sheet material.

    The insulation material is placed into the prepared frame with little effort and stays there without additional fastening

18. Installation of partitions. We fix the 50x50 mm beam to three bases: walls, ceiling, and floor. We cover the partitions with sheet material.
19. Decorative Finishing work. You can cover the floor with linoleum, and paint the walls or treat them with some other material.

Video: do-it-yourself summer house

Interior decoration of the cabin

A mobile temporary structure performs a wide variety of functions. And this is achieved thanks to the interior decoration. It is this that makes the cabin suitable for temporary or permanent residence of people. At the moment, the following types of materials are mainly used for finishing the structure:

1. Laminated chipboard is an attractive material that has a dense laminated surface that is resistant to negative temperatures. In addition, the laminated board has different colors, texture and texture. Change houses made from laminated chipboard are practical and quite durable, but more expensive.

   laminated chipboard is one of the the best materials for interior decoration of cabins

2. MDF - the material has average density. It differs from traditional fiberboard in durability, as well as high reliability. However, MDF is an expensive material and comes in a variety of colors and finishes. It is mainly used for finishing cabins for temporary housing or offices.
3. PVC is the most attractive material for cabins. PVC in a white color palette is mainly used. The material is also highly resistant to humidity and water.
4. Lining - made from natural wood, so it is quite attractive and easy to use. The lining can have different front panel configurations and is used for both internal and external exterior finishing cabins

   Lining for interior decoration is most often used when it is necessary to build a change house with a beautiful and inexpensive interior

5. Fiberboard is the most affordable building material. It is easy to use, durable and quite strong, but has a rather tatty appearance. appearance. This material is suitable for office sheds and warehouses.

Photo gallery: interior design of cabins

Video: construction of a change house, part 2 - interior decoration

Construction cabins at the moment are the most inexpensive and comfortable type of temporary housing and accommodation for any necessary equipment. Thanks to their simple design, ease of movement and adaptability to all kinds of weather conditions, they can be used at any time of the year without restrictions.

Almost all publications addressing the issue of the number of repressed people can be classified into two groups. The first of them includes works by denouncers of the “totalitarian regime”, citing astronomical multi-million dollar figures of those executed and imprisoned. Having studied archival documents, such a researcher is surprised to see that the scale of repression that we “know” about thanks to the media is not only at odds with reality, but is inflated tenfold.

After this, he finds himself in a painful dilemma: professional ethics demands to publish the data found, on the other hand - so as not to be branded as a defender of Stalin.

According to this certificate, during this period, in total, 3 people were convicted by the OGPU Collegium, the NKVD “troikas”, the Special Conference, the Military Collegium, courts and military tribunals, including, of them, people were sentenced to death, and to detention in camps and prisons for a term of 25 years and below - 2 people, to exile and deportation - a person. About the allegedly repressed command staff of the Red Army from May of this year to September of this year in the amount of 40 thousand people.

It was precisely this round number that was first named by the magazine Ogonyok (No. 26, Moscow), followed by Moscow News and then by other publications. Where did this figure come from? And here's where it comes from. May 2019, due to mass appeals from citizens, the People's Commissar BERIA was forced to issue order No., defining the procedure for issuing certificates to the relatives of the repressed. People's Commissar of Internal Affairs BERIA Lavrenty Pavlovich. Order of the NKVD of the USSR No. “On the issuance of certificates of the whereabouts of those arrested and convicted” The establishment of this order in the year was motivated by the fact that during the period of mass repressions there was an unfounded conviction a large number of persons, therefore, information about the actual fate of the repressed could negatively affect the situation of their families.

Memo by the USSR Prosecutor General R.A. Rudenko, USSR Minister of Internal Affairs S.N. Kruglov and USSR Minister of Justice K.P. Gorshenin on the number of reports by the Prosecutor General of the USSR R.A.

Rudenko, USSR Minister of Internal Affairs S.N. Kruglov and USSR Minister of Justice K.P. Gorshenin on the number of people convicted by the OGPU board, NKVD troikas, the Special Meeting, the military board, courts and military tribunals for counter-revolutionary activities in the years. People often think that repression is when a commissar in a leather jacket and a dusty helmet shoots another hundred “political” people at the wall. But in reality everything is a little more complicated. When talking about the time frame of repression, they often take a period of up to a year. That is, from the Revolution until the death of Stalin.

A small question arises for such researchers: How the hell did you calculate the losses of the civil war?!? A small number of repressed people is enough for the rest of the people to live in fear. Is it normal that design bureaus appeared in prison? Why does the history of domestic aviation begin with prison? The figures given in this document are not disputed (openly) even by the Memorial Society. Liberals act differently - they constantly cite vastly inflated figures for those sentenced to capital punishment.

And instead of people executed by court sentences from February 1 of this year, they are everywhere trumpeting about “tens of millions executed.” Now my articles can be read on the Yandex.Zen channel. PERCENTAGE of “repressed” from total number inhabitants of the Gulag: Composition of the NKVD Gulag camps for counter-revolutionary crimes ().

Year number % of the entire composition of the camps. Total, REFERENCE on the number of people convicted of counter-revolutionary crimes and banditry held in camps and colonies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs as of July 1 (26). By nature of the crime In camps In colonies % Total %. Total number convicted "These are documents of the NKVD, and therefore they are falsified. - they say. “Where did the figures given in them come from?” Well, especially for these incredulous gentlemen, I will give a couple of specific examples of where “these numbers” come from. In this case, the total number of “repressed” does not exceed 3 million.

However, to finally clarify this issue, it is necessary extra work with sources. Let’s now see what percentage were “repressed” of the total number of inhabitants of the Gulag. REFERENCE on the number of people convicted of counter-revolutionary crimes and banditry held in camps and colonies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs as of July 1.

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When the plot has already been purchased, and the cottage has yet to be built, its future owners simply need a utility room. A do-it-yourself change house is purchased or built as temporary housing or even as a budget option for a country house. Subsequently it can be used for storage gardening tools, barbecue and furniture from the gazebo. Here you can also place clothes and shoes for working in the garden, or even a bicycle, toys and other items that are used while being outdoors. Depending on what communications will be used in the cabin, it can serve as a bathroom, shower, bathhouse or utility unit.

A container change house has many advantages. It is advisable to buy such a building in order to live in it during the construction of the main house, and then sell it. Such a structure will not fit into the overall design of a dacha, where everything is usually made of wood.

Self-made cabins

Despite the sufficient simplicity of the structure being built, a drawing of the cabin is still needed. It will help to carefully “fit” the change house into the existing space of the site and will orient the builder to the area. Prudence will not be unnecessary. This is especially important if the cabin is to be used in the future as a bathhouse or guest house. The drawing will give you the opportunity to visualize how to build a shed with your own hands: it will help you make the correct calculation of the need for material and tools.

Choosing the optimal location

The location of the shed on the site is determined depending on how the owner wants to dispose of it subsequently. It is necessary to immediately decide whether the change house will remain on the site or will have to be sold as soon as the need for it passes. If the owners of the site do not need a tool shed, a bathhouse, or a guest house, then the shed can be sent to another facility or simply sold. Then the structure should be located so that it would be easier to hook it from the roadway with a crane.

Otherwise, it will be necessary to dismantle the building, which is always undesirable. If the change house will be used as a utility unit, then it is recommended to place it in the middle part of the long side of the site. Converted into a bathhouse, the cabin should be located at the far end of the site, since fire safety standards must be observed for such a building.

Construction of the foundation of the structure

Do-it-yourself construction of a cabin begins with the construction of a foundation. A change house is not considered a heavy structure, so a columnar foundation is usually used for its construction. If the change house is demolished in the future, it will not be difficult to dismantle such a foundation. For a temporary structure, it is better to choose cinder blocks - they are cheaper, and if something happens, they are easy to make yourself.

So, first of all, you need to remove cinder blocks from the surface of the earth at the location where they are located. fertile layer, compact the earth thoroughly and cover it with geotextiles, then cover it with sand and compact it again. We install cinder blocks on the prepared base, placing them in the corners and every 1.5 meters. Cinder blocks must be waterproofed using roofing felt or bitumen mastic, after which the wooden frame of the building is secured using the anchor method.

The foundation for a temporary structure is made simpler than for a permanent one: it can be easily disassembled if the change house has to be dismantled

When planning to make a permanent change house, the master should pay more attention to the foundation. In this case, the fertile layer is removed from the entire surface, covered with geotextiles and 5 cm of sand, which is carefully compacted. Under the foundation pillars you need to dig holes 50 cm deep in the corners and every 1.5 m of the perimeter. However, pillars can be placed more often. We must cover the holes with geotextiles and fill them with 40 cm of well-compacted sand.

It is better to make the foundation from bricks, and it should be 30 cm high (10 cm to the ground surface and 20 cm above). Reinforcement at least a meter high will be driven into the central part of the foundation. It is needed to fix the lag. Therefore, we leave an empty area in the center, which, after placing the rods, is filled with concrete. Don't forget about waterproofing the pillars bitumen mastic or roofing felt. We control the uniform height of the columns by level.

We create the frame of the premises and roof

When the question of building the foundation is no longer an issue, we proceed to the construction of the structure itself. We form the basis of the building: we place the logs around the perimeter and carefully fix them. After this, we lay the transverse and, finally, longitudinal logs. For the frame of the change house we use 150x100 mm timber, from which we install the floor and support posts in the corners. Reliable connection provide cuts in the logs, in which the beams are inserted into one another and fixed with self-tapping screws. The logs are strung on reinforcement contours. Angles and self-tapping screws are used to fix the vertical joists and the logs attached to them.

The frame of the structure must be built as carefully as possible, because the quality of the structure as a whole and its durability depend on it

The frame of the premises is ready, now you can make the roof frame. For a pitched roof you need 50x100mm bars. Rafters will be inserted into the cuts of the load-bearing beams. Fixation occurs using self-tapping screws. The rafters should extend 30cm beyond the perimeter of the cabin itself. We choose ondulin as a coating, as it does not require special construction skills. The overall roof structure necessarily contains hydro- and vapor barrier and insulation.

A sheathing of boards or wooden blocks is laid on the rafters, since ondulin is lightweight material. We install the ondulin sheets overlapping from the bottom up using special fasteners that are included in the kit. Now you can install doors and windows.

Finishing work

Well, the basis of the change house has already been created and the terrible question of how to make a change house yourself turned out to be not so scary. However, the work is not completed yet. We lay out the subfloor, not forgetting to treat the boards with an antiseptic. Between two layers of waterproofing we place a layer of mineral wool. It is important not to confuse which side of the waterproofing should be facing up. Now let's lay the finished floor.

Such a wonderful shed can be built with your own hands in just a week, if you really want it and try hard

For the internal cladding of the building, we use OSB if the structure is temporary, or lining if it will be on the site for a long time. To fix both materials, it is preferable to use self-tapping screws rather than nails. Don't forget about vapor barrier and insulation. We cover the outside of the change house, for example, with a block house. All that remains is to make a comfortable porch and the construction of the country house can be considered complete.

Any owner of his own home or cottage will agree that it is impossible to do without a place to store tools, fertilizers, hoses, and so on. In addition, not all building materials can be left outside and they also need a “roof”. In any case, there is no way to do without a change house. The topic of this article was a do-it-yourself change house. Types of buildings, stages of creation, choice of materials, you will find all this in this material.

Types of cabins:

Homemade cabins. Perfect for cottages, storage garden tools and similar purposes. The main advantage is the low cost of construction;

Frame cabins. These mainly include buildings made of sandwich panels;

Timber and log cabins. Will fit perfectly into your summer cottage;

Panel cabins. Built for temporary use. For example, during the construction of the main house and for workers’ residence. After which they are quickly disassembled into formwork or firewood.

Do-it-yourself OSB change house

This is one of the cheapest and most common types of cabins that are built on their own. First, let's determine the list of materials and tools needed for construction:

• For grounds we will need crushed stone, reinforcement, cement, sand;
• Walls will be constructed from timber, lining and OSB slabs;
• Roof will also contain elements made of timber. Roofing material at the request of the owner.

Stages of construction of a cabin

The first step is to prepare a place for foundation cabins. Select right place so that you don’t regret it after construction is completed. Usually people choose one of the corners of the plot, since in this location the change house is least likely to interfere.

DIY change house step-by-step instruction. Photo

After choosing a location, you need to clear the area and level it. After marking the area under the foundation, it is necessary to remove approximately 15 cm of soil - this is necessary to better connect the building to the ground. Next comes the multi-layer “ pillow» under the foundation of the cabin - a layer of sand, then a layer of crushed stone. Afterwards the wooden one is exposed formwork, the size of which is calculated based on the future height of the building’s floor.

Next step - filling. Concrete is poured into the formwork evenly and, until it dries, foundation bolts must be installed around the entire perimeter. Without this preparation, installing the walls will be a big headache. As a result, you should end up with a base similar to what is shown in the photo.

Let's move on to construction walls. Remember foundation bolts? Now they are coming to the fore. 4 medium-sized beams are installed along the perimeter of the foundation. Now you can begin installing the vertical beam.

DIY change house step by step instructions. Photo

First of all, they are placed in the corners supports, according to the level. All bars are connected by a cross beam on top of the walls. For stability during construction, supporting beams are installed, which can either be driven into the ground or supported by a wedge, as shown in the photo. By exposing one wall, you will complete the construction of the shed faster, since you already have practice.

Strictly follow the level as one is wrong installed timber will lead to further errors. This in turn will affect the installation of the roof.

How to build a cabin. Instructions with photos

Perfect for use with OSB boards gable roof. The first step is to install beacons for the rafters on both sides of the cabin, as shown in the photo. They are connected to each other by a transverse beam, which can be secured with clamps.

Do-it-yourself country house. Photo

Rafters It is best to fasten using special corners and screws. But if the building is very small, you can use nails. It all depends on the size.

Construction of the roof of the cabin. Photo

Now in front of you stands a full-fledged frame future change house. All that remains is to talk about the sheathing and roofing.

Sheathing

Here we come to main feature of this type of cabin is the cladding OSB boards. This material is suitable for cladding both walls and roofs. The door can also be constructed from OSB boards. The basis for it can be a frame made of beams that were used in the construction of the change house.

How to build a cabin. Wall cladding. Photo

The penultimate stage is roof cladding. Here you can use any materials convenient for you, be it metal tiles, slate, or just the same OSB boards. In the latter case, they will have to be painted and treated with an antiseptic so that the material does not deteriorate.

The last step is painting building. Everything here is at your discretion - you can cover regular paint and antiseptic, can be lined with clapboard, siding and anything else.

Do-it-yourself ready-made change house. Photo

Do-it-yourself cabin with a pitched roof

Let's move on to the instructions for the change house with pitched roof. In some cases where a gable roof is inappropriate (for example, winter time with a lot of snow), this option is suitable. The difference is not only in the roof, but also in the foundation.

Preparation

To begin with, as usual, a place for construction is selected. Afterwards, preparations are carried out - debris is removed and the site is leveled. There is no need to remove the soil layer, because the foundation will stand above the ground. The site is also covered over the entire area with sand mixed with crushed stone. Next are laid out concrete blocks along the perimeter of the future foundation. Don't forget about water drainage. Around the cabin it is necessary to make a slope in opposite directions by one meter with a difference of only a couple of centimeters.

Do-it-yourself frame change house. Photo

The installed concrete blocks are covered with several layers roofing felt. With the help of a beam and a regular level, the perimeter of the future change house is ringed. The beam should be no thinner than 100 mm, otherwise the base can be considered not very reliable. The advantages of such a foundation for construction are as follows:

• The change house is not tied to one place. It can be moved or even transported to another place;
• Guaranteed dryness, which is one of the most important aspects in working with wood. If you additionally treat the timber, the change house will serve you for many years.

Do-it-yourself country house step by step photos

Walls

Construction begins with the installation of corner pillars, which are secured at the base using reinforced corners . All racks are linked by horizontal beams around the perimeter and opposite each other. Since we should have a change house with a pitched roof, one wall should be about 50 cm higher than the opposite one.

Do-it-yourself country house step by step photos

Roof

Next step - rafters. They are installed on the roof in increments of approximately 60 cm. Do not forget about the canopies on both sides of the cabin - make the rafters a little longer than required. It is best to fasten it using special plates, corners and self-tapping screws, as was the case with the previous change house. The roof can be made of absolutely any material.

How to build a change house with your own hands. Photo

Let's take a closer look at the creation gender. It must be done in two layers - rough and finishing floor. The first layer of boards is attached directly to cross beams grounds. Next, the floor is covered with plastic film, after which insulation is laid. A finished floor made of treated boards or OSB sheets is laid on top.

How to build a change house with your own hands. Photo

Thus, we made a change house with a pitched roof with our own hands, which can be moved and transported.

Change house made of sandwich panels

A more expensive and more practical type of buildings are cabins made from sandwich panels. Insulated options are used not only for storing tools, but also as temporary housing. This material is gaining increasing popularity. It is used to build not only temporary living quarters, but also full-fledged houses with summer cottages.

Foundation

Typically, such cabins are sold ready-made in disassembled form and are accompanied by instructions for assembly and installation. But in any case, it requires a foundation. As in the two previous cases, you can make either a poured foundation or concrete blocks. Now let's consider the third option with on piles. To do this, four piles are driven around the perimeter of the future building and filled with concrete. Formwork for the future foundation is installed on top of them and a second pour is made, the third layer is poured with reinforcement. This option is good for a permanent stationary change house. If you plan to constantly disassemble and rearrange it, then it is better to look at the foundation option from point 2.

The walls of the cabin and the roof of the cabin consist entirely of sandwich panels. List of benefits:

• Excellent sound insulation;
• Preservation of heat for a long time;
• Durable and practical to use.

The only disadvantage is high cost such a building. So, if you need a shed only for storing equipment, it is better to take a closer look at the previous options. A change house made from sandwich panels is perfect for those who are just starting to build their own home from scratch - you can spend the night in it and hide tools.

Second step - frame for installation of sandwich panels. Strictly according to the manual included with the purchased cabin. Maintain the level of all elements - otherwise the assembly will not go according to plan and you will not be able to complete the construction. Don't forget to reinforce the walls with transverse stiffeners, taking into account future windows and doorways. If you take the matter seriously, installation work takes 2-3 hours if you have the necessary tools at hand. AND roof change houses, and the walls of the change house are assembled from metal and aluminum parts, as well as from corners and bolts for connections. This approach allows you to quickly disassemble and fold the cabin for storage or prepare it for transportation, which once again confirms its practicality and versatility.

The sheathing of a shed begins with the floor, then the walls are sheathed, and lastly the ceiling. Ready-made change house from bare sandwich panels will do for summer stay only. In any case, she will have to insulate. The last stage is installing windows, doors, conducting electricity, and so on.

Change house container

Making a container with your own hands is also not difficult. Buying such premises ready-made is a very expensive pleasure. In addition, there will be problems with delivery and unloading, because such a change house is not dismountable. The difference from other types of cabins is that the container is sheathed on the outside with metal, and not with panels or an ordinary tree. Let's look at the stages of construction.

Preparation

As with any construction, here, again, a level platform and preparation in the form of foundation. There is no need to describe the methods of building a foundation once again - they can be found above.

After this it is built base along the perimeter of metal corner or channel. Four corner beams are welded into vertical position at right angles and then tied with horizontal jumpers on top. Thus, we have a simple “box”. Now you can plan the location of doors and windows. Their openings are also welded out of metal. Container cabins are also called timber frames. However, it was from metal buildings that this name came.

Sheathing

The principle is the same as with sandwich panels, only the change house is finished professional sheet or any other metal. Inside, the walls are insulated (if the cabin is intended for living) and sheathed with chipboard, fiberboard or any other material. Chipboard or fiberboard sheets look more attractive in terms of construction speed.

Verdict on cabin containers

It is possible to build a change house container with your own hands, but it is not always justified. Firstly, construction will take much longer than a building made of sandwich panels or a panel shed. Just building a foundation with a frame will take a couple of days, not to mention the sheathing. It is best to buy such buildings ready-made. The advantages include good heat retention indoors, which makes this a good option for temporary housing.

Log cabins

Too expensive and beautiful - this is how this material can be characterized. A log structure will serve you for a very long time if you take good care of protecting the wood. To do this, you need to cover the entire area of ​​the walls of the shed with an antiseptic, and then paint it in the color you like or varnish it. These measures will help prevent the logs from turning black quickly.

The basis of such a change house is made of beams or strip foundation, optional. It is rare for log buildings to have concrete foundations poured.

This change house will not only be useful and practical on your site, but will also perfectly complement the appearance of a private house or garden plot. It makes no sense to build such beauty for temporary or construction needs.

Examples of do-it-yourself cabin projects

Let's look at a few different cabins, which you can build yourself and in the shortest possible time:

First option - classic frame cabin with a pitched roof. One small window for daylight access and a door. External cladding- lining coated with antiseptic for durability. The roof is covered with ordinary corrugated sheets. The foundation is not poured - the cabin stands on beams or concrete blocks.

Change house with porch- a more exotic option. It makes sense to put such a building for permanent use. A spacious room with two windows, a small vestibule and two doors to a small porch with a canopy that will protect from the rain.

Third project- a similar option. It is worth noting the main difference - here the roof is gable, unlike the previous change house. A similar porch and two doors with windows. The cladding of the building is clapboard. The base is made of timber.

A more expensive cabin option. Material - coniferous wood. On either side of the door there are two large windows. The total area is 13 square meters for three small rooms inside. The base is made of timber. The roof is pitched.

Project of a change house. Blueprints

Utility room with porch and balusters. Insulated option. The walls provide protection from wind and moisture, so the change house can be used as a living space. The porch has a small side with balusters. If properly finished with clapboard or imitation wood, this building will perfectly decorate your garden plot.

Project of a change house. Blueprints

Large change house, built according to frame principle from timber. The lining is clapboard, the corners are highlighted with platbands. Gable roof covered with metal tiles. The cabin stands on a foundation made of concrete blocks, which reliably protects it from wet soil and the rainy season.

Small timber cabin. Includes one room, one window and door. The roof is pitched. The basis is the bars. Cladding made of clapboard. Great for small plots. Due to the small area, it is unlikely to be suitable for temporary living.

Something in between between previous version and a change house with a porch. IN in this case you only get an awning over the door. The structure also has one window and common area. The roof is pitched, the foundation is strip. A budget option roofs - two-layer roofing felt.

Project of a change house. Blueprints

Large insulated cabin. The walls are made of OSB boards, as is the floor. The outer cladding is clapboard. The roof is pitched, covered with roofing felt.

And these are just a few examples of how you can make a change house with your own hands. In this case, you do not limit yourself to the quality of material, area, height and design, which is specified in standard models by the manufacturer.

Bottom line

Let’s define the main rules for building a cabin on a site:

1. Choose your location carefully. You are unlikely to want to rearrange the structure. And if the change house is transportable, then make sure that in the future the crane will easily gain access to it and be able to take it away;
2. Take responsibility for preparing the base and foundation, especially if you are going to use wood and other materials in your work. natural materials. Also take care to handle these materials;
3. If you are building a shed for permanent use, decide on the type of roof so that winter period you are not covered in snow;
4. For residential cabins it is best to use frame type buildings made of sandwich panels or OB slabs, which will be insulated inside.

The variability of building a cabin with your own hands is simply enormous. You can build such a utility unit from almost any materials. The main thing is to know the order of construction stages, technology and some nuances that are worth remembering. But after reading of this material, you are completely ready to build a change house with your own hands.

The first thing you should start with is to determine for what purposes the change house will be used. It is usually erected directly on the site before the construction of the main house begins. You definitely need to have a place to store tools, cook food, protect from the weather, etc. Perhaps workers will live in it in the winter, or perhaps boards or other bulky material will have to be stored there; all this must be taken into account at the construction planning stage.

Where is the best location? If we proceed from the fact that a change house is still a temporary building, then it can, in principle, be installed anywhere on the plot of land. Naturally, it is necessary to build at some distance from the future construction site, the passage of construction equipment and storage areas for building materials. You should also avoid utility lines and the future location of the well drilling. If, after construction is completed, you intend to transport construction trailer to another location, provide access roads for a manipulator or crane.

What size should I make the change house?

To determine the size of your shed, decide whether you plan to stay in it overnight, store large building materials or house workers, and heat the space in the winter. In this case, a size of 2.4 meters wide by 6 meters long will be optimal. If you plan to use the building only for storing tools and clothes, as well as shelter from the rain, then you can get by with a smaller size, for example 2 by 4 meters.

Basically, you can build a shed of any size based on your needs. However, it must be borne in mind that if you are going to sell or simply transport the change house to another place in the future, then it is advisable to keep within certain dimensions. On Russian roads, without special escort, it is allowed to transport goods with a width of no more than 2.55 m and a height of no more than 4 m (from the road surface). Thus, you should not make a change house more than 2.5 meters in height, 2.4 meters in width, no more than 6 meters in length and weighing no more than 5 tons. Then a regular manipulator can handle the transportation.

Choosing a foundation for a cabin

You don't need to make a strong foundation out of monolithic concrete or use piles. the main task- this is the protection of a temporary building from moisture coming from the ground. The most economical option will use old sleepers, cinder blocks, or asbestos-cement glasses as a foundation.

Laying is done as follows. Clear the area where the shed will be built of grass and debris. Remove the fertile layer of soil in the corners and those places where the supports will be installed (6-8 points are enough). Make a cushion of crushed stone, screenings or sand, lightly moisten and compact the material with improvised objects. If you use asbestos-cement glasses, you can lay them under paving slabs to increase the support area. Set the cinder blocks or sleepers to the same level using a spirit level or water level. To better protect the wooden frame, roofing felt can be laid on top of the supports.

It is quite easy to lay such a foundation yourself in a few hours. And when you get ready to dismantle the shed, dismantling such structures will not be difficult.

Columnar foundation for permanent cabins

You can also build a more solid, columnar foundation. For it, in addition to crushed stone, you will need bricks, concrete and reinforcement. The sequence of work will be as follows:

Walls and decoration

After constructing the foundation, we begin to install the walls of the cabin. If you used cement mortar to build the foundation, give it at least 3 days to gain strength. When the concrete hardens, we attach the timber bottom trim. You can use a board with a cross section of 100×150 mm. We fix the beam to the base using anchors.

We install corner posts on the beam of the lower frame, and then the remaining posts and beams of the upper frame. In doing so, consider the following points:

• You can use a board with a section of 50x150 mm. Fastenings can be made using nails, screw nails and self-tapping screws.
  
• It is better to make knots using notches and secure them with reinforced corners.
  
• Once the post is level, secure it with two long temporary jibs.
  

Please note: In frame construction vertical posts must be strengthened with diagonal braces - permanent jibs. You don’t have to do them when building a cabin. In this case, additional stability of the structure will be provided by sheathing sheets well secured to the racks.




• Install the floor joists on the bottom trim beam. If you insulate the floor, you will need to make another floor lining on the underside of the joists, on which the insulation will lie.
  
• Choose the distance between the racks so that it is several centimeters less than the width of the insulation boards. This will greatly facilitate further installation of mineral wool. In places where windows and doors are installed, the required space should be left.
  
  

  

• Immediately plan and, if necessary, cut out those places where communications will pass (electricity, water, sewerage)
After installing the frame, sheathe the outer wall with OSB sheets, fill the internal cavities with a heat insulator such as URSA, Isover, Rockwool or others. Seal the cotton wool with a vapor barrier film. After which you can install the internal cladding (boards, drywall, plywood and the same OSB sheets). Finishing make the outside and inside according to your taste and based on your budget. Least, external walls It is imperative to protect it from precipitation; for example, a galvanized sheet is suitable for this.

Roof

After the frame is assembled, logs and rafters are installed. For this, the same board that was used in the frame, with a cross-section of 50x150mm, is suitable. The ceiling lining is nailed to the joists from below, for example an inch board, plywood, OSB sheets etc. Placed on the surface of the filing vapor barrier film, and it is insulated with mineral wool. As a rule, in cabins they use single-slope structure roofs.

Sheathing boards are fastened flat across the rafters, and the roofing covering is mounted on them. From economical materials, you can choose slate or galvanized corrugated sheet. Metal tiles look more attractive, but will cost more.

Windows and doors

Wooden windows are quite suitable for a change house, although for good thermal insulation of the room, it is better to choose plastic windows With double-glazed window. You can install metal or wooden door. For reliable protection from the cold, you can equip a small vestibule with a second door. If Entrance door located high above the ground, make several steps from boards or other building materials from what you have at hand.

Heating

If you are going to use the cabin in winter, think in advance about how the cabin will be heated, with electricity or wood. More complex systems it is inappropriate to use. When choosing a heating system, take care, first of all, about the safety of the room. Special attention should be given to places of contact with open fire, structures exposed to strong heat, as well as correct installation suitable electrical wiring.

The cost of building a cabin with your own hands

In order to save money, it would be a good idea to use the remains of old building structures that may be available on your site. If you build it yourself, completely from new materials, then your amount of expenses will start from 20 thousand rubles, which is double less price for a new ready-made change house from construction company. In the Moscow region, for example, for 20 thousand you can buy 16 OSB sheets, 3 packs of insulation, 1 pack of roofing felt and half a cube of timber 50×50 mm.

Video reports on the construction of a cabin