How to make a homemade drilling machine from a steering rack? Instructions for assembling a drilling machine with your own hands from a steering rack, photo Make an electric drill from a steering rack

Drilling machines are special devices, which are used in working with metals, wood, plastic, etc.

With the help of a drilling machine, workers perform a huge number of functions that would take a huge amount of time to perform with improvised means.

Fortunately, the machine itself is not something too complicated in terms of design or assembly, and therefore it is quite possible to assemble it with your own hands. Moreover, a homemade drilling unit will be little inferior to standard factory models.

1 General information

As the name suggests, a drill press is used primarily for drilling parts. However, this is not its only function. It works by using the power of an electric motor.

The electric motor rotates its shaft that transmits forces to the spindle or the main rotating element of the machine.

Chucks, adapters, bushings and the drills themselves are already attached to the spindle. Thus, the machine is essentially a mechanism fixed in a stable position, which can drill substituted parts with its own hands for a long time.

At the same time, when working with it, a person is only required to place parts in time, adjust their position and the operation of the unit itself. Agree, it is much simpler and more convenient than if you had to work manually. Not only that manual drilling cannot boast of high accuracy.

After all, a person must always choose the right angle for applying effort. Moreover, an error of even a few degrees can be fatal. Yes and long time Even the most experienced worker will not be able to withstand this pace.

It’s a completely different matter when a drilling machine is used. Here you only need to fix the part in a vice (if the vice is not included in the kit, then you should buy one or make one homemade version with your own hands) and then start the machine.

The remaining actions, although they will require close attention from you, will still take much less time and effort.

Consider the fact that it was the invention of full-fledged electric machines that became a real breakthrough in the production of parts and mechanisms. Before this, industrialists could not significantly increase the pace of assembly, so manual labor simply did not provide enough impetus.

1.1 Machine design

The easiest way is to create a homemade drilling machine from available materials. Moreover, you will not need many details in your work. And the parts themselves can be selected from whatever is at hand.

In this article we will consider assembling a machine from a steering rack as one of the most effective examples, if we consider homemade tools.

But first you need to understand the design of the machine, as well as all its components. Without understanding these basic principles you won't be able to get the job done.

So, A standard drilling machine consists of:

• beds;
• main frame guide;
• holder for the working mechanism;
• working mechanism;
• additional elements (cartridges, nuts, bushings, drills);
• a shock absorber or device that is used to manipulate the position of the drill;
• vice (optional);
• power supply (optional);
• handles for rotating mechanisms, force transmitters, etc.

There is also nothing complicated in the design itself. The bed is secured as a base. If we are considering a tabletop model (and a homemade machine in the vast majority of cases is tabletop), then the bed will be both a base, a stabilizing factor, and a mount for devices such as a vice.

The main frame is also attached to the frame, on which the entire mechanism rests. The holder is connected to the frame, everything additional elements and shock absorber. If the shock absorber is adjustable, then a handle is connected to it.

In small machines, the shock absorber can be spring-loaded, but we are considering a more stable sample, where instead of a shock absorber we will consider steering rack from a VAZ car.

The machine engine itself is also attached to the main frame, and the spindle and all adapters are already connected to it. The power supply is only available in models in which the engine is installed separately and cannot take on standard loads from a household network. A vice is also used optionally. Or rather, it is simply necessary to use them, but they are extremely rarely included in the kit even with factory models.

2 Selecting suitable elements

To assemble a homemade machine you have to use the means at hand, so the choice individual parts serious attention must be paid to the design.

First of all, the material for the frame is selected. In light machines, such as units for printed circuit boards, the bed can even be made of durable wood, having previously strengthened it with a steel plate and rubber feet. But since we are considering a much more serious unit, we need to approach its assembly differently.

The bed here can only be selected from metal. Moreover, a heavy plate or something similar will do. It is necessary to drill holes in the plate for future vices and clamping bars.

The ideal option would be if you manage to buy a mobile phone or remove the old frame from an ancient desktop machine. Now look at your capabilities.

The main stabilizing rail is made from an angle or channel. Its thickness must be no less than 3 mm. Only such a part can withstand loads and will not cause vibrations or play.

The holder for the working mechanism is also made of steel. Here the selection is already made depending on the engine itself that they intend to use. We'll look at it a little later.

The main nuance in such a scheme homemade machine consists in the fact that parts from the steering rack of a car are used to assemble it. This is due to its compactness and unique capabilities.

When rotated, the steering rack can raise or lower the mechanism fixed to it. Moreover, the manipulations are carried out very carefully, down to the millimeter. Plus, on many steering racks there is the possibility of loosening or increasing stresses, which leads to the possibility fine adjustment her work.

It is advisable to remove handles from finished machines, but you can create them yourself. Likewise, if necessary, it is recommended to use production chucks and bushings. Fortunately, they are very easy to get.

2.1 Selection of working mechanism

Interestingly, the working mechanism in a homemade drilling machine can be not only traditional, but also significantly simplified. It's about about replacing the motor and power supply a ready-made drill or unit for concrete drilling, metal, etc. These portable tools have almost the same dimensions as a regular drill. However, their power allows you to drill into metal without any serious resistance.

All that is required of you in such a scheme is to attach the drill with several brackets, having previously fixed it in correct position. It should be directed completely perpendicular to the base of the machine.

If the machine diagram is considered from the steering wheel, then the use of a drill is even preferable. And it will take you much less time to assemble it.

The second option is installation asynchronous motor from some electrical appliance. Here, when assembling it with your own hands, you will have to tinker a little longer. But in general, the technology remains the same.

2.2 Stages of assembling a homemade machine from a steering wheel

Let us turn directly to the machine assembly technology. Let's take as a basis a diagram using a steering wheel from a VAZ car and a ready-made drill, which You just need to fix it and connect it correctly.

Stages of work:

1. We understand the frame and mount it in the correct position.
2. We bore grooves and holes in the frame for future vices.
3. We mount the main rail from a corner or channel.
4. We attach the steering wheel to it.
5. We mount the handlebars on the steering wheel and adjust its travel.
6. We install it on the upper part of the steering mount under the drill.
7. We mount the drill in the correct position and adjust its angle.
8. We finally fix the working mechanism.
9. We connect all the wires, tighten the bolts, and test the system.

As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this matter.

The process is significantly simplified by using already ready-made solutions, such as drill and steering. Basically, all you have to do is put them all together and make sure the assembly is done correctly.

2.3 Differences when assembling a machine with an asynchronous engine

If you are going to use a separate engine, then you will have to think a little here. Although the engine itself creates effort, it still needs to be transferred somehow.

In this case, the engines are often mounted parallel to the steering one, and the mechanism itself is installed on the other side. The force is transmitted through a standard mechanism of two wheels and a belt. The spindle on the shaft can be taken from the factory, the cartridge and all other parts are connected to it.

Also, the engine will probably require a separate power supply, which is located on the frame or near it. And it would be better to hide the entire structure under metal or wooden case. To avoid possible clogging, breakdowns or accidents.

2.4 How to make a drilling machine from a steering rack? (video)

When used at home the required list tools and devices, you can make a whole variety of necessary technological operations. However, often buying a factory copy is extremely illogical.

One of the realistic options is a DIY steering rack drilling machine. This way, you will not only be able to save financial assets, but also learn how to make the right equipment for your specific needs.

List of tools:

• Kit wrenches;
• Welding machine;
• Grinder for metal;
• Grinder (to remove metal burrs);
• Hammer.

Features and nuances of manufacturing

The main task seems correct selection constituent parts. To carry out analysis the best way manufacturing of this machine, you need to know the advantages and disadvantages of factory copies in order to avoid them, if possible, during the manufacturing process own equipment.

One of the biggest drawbacks in the operation of “conveyor” drilling machines is the huge backlash. Because of this reason, it is not possible to make a hole with a diameter of 4 millimeters or less.

This is due to the rather light weight of the entire installation, which does not have the ability to compensate for the vibration that appears during the operating moments of the power unit. Upgrading a machine may result in its incorrect operation and, as a result, its rapid breakdown.

To design a drilling unit, you need to think about the following points:

1. A mechanism for changing the position of the working components of a machine. An alternative solution is to use a steering rack in the design. Also, this component will be very useful if there is a need to apply a strong clamping force to the processed semi-finished product at the time of processing.
2. Support table top and mounting stand working installation. The main characteristic When choosing components for the manufacture of these parts, strength and fairly impressive weight are considered. It is best to use U-shaped channels. Rolled steel sheets are most often used for the base.
3. Power unit. For the design of drilling equipment with my own hands Often the choice falls on electric drills. As an alternative, you can consider a system consisting of several pulleys and an electric motor.

Drilling machine from a steering rack: step-by-step instructions

From the very beginning of design, makes a choice regarding the most optimal type steering rack. Next, depending on its dimensions, it will be arranged technical documentation all equipment. The main thing to pay attention to Special attention, this is so that this critical component is not chipped and big amount superficial flaws.

The most commonly used working surface in terms of dimensions is 300×400 mm. The thrust components are made from two pieces of rolled metal 40×65×40 mm. The base for mounting the steering column is also made using a channel.

In case of use in the role power plant electric drill, you need to make an L-like support.

Mounting the steering column to support post It is done with one’s own hands, using the lugs that are included with the structure. To install the footrest under electric power equipment, you can make a reinforced mount using electric arc welding. The choice of methods fully depends on the specific design features of each individual model.

Practical advice on designing a drilling machine using steering racks with your own hands:

1) A preliminary check of the gearbox used is done. Unsuitable components must be replaced;

2) The height parameter of the rack must be 80...100 mm greater than the steering rack;

3) The stroke of the rod must be taken into account. For example, for a VAZ-2105 car this parameter is 210 mm;

4) To improve comfort during use, it is recommended to equip work equipment separate control unit.

The use of stepper mechanical units is impractical, because they do not have the necessary smooth running for this equipment.

For safety when using this machine, the unit structure must be securely fastened to work surface.

Video: DIY steering rack drilling machine.

Availability of a home professional tool makes it possible to perform work without the involvement of specialists. But will factory quality always be adequate? In some cases, it is much more practical to make the structure yourself. One of the original and practical devices is a homemade drilling machine made from a steering rack.

Basic manufacturing principles

At first glance, it seems that purchasing a ready-made stand for installing a drill would be the best option. However, in most cases, factory models have large backlash, which makes it impossible precision drilling small holes up to 4 mm. This is why professionals prefer to make the frame themselves.

Factory rack

The problem is saving on consumables– the desktop has a small mass, and the stand has insufficient rigidity. As an alternative to an expensive professional drilling machine, it is proposed to make a base from scrap materials, and use a powerful drill (from 1.5 kW) as electrical equipment.

Even at the stage of drawing up a diagram, you may encounter the following problems:

• Making a mechanism for raising (lowering) a drill. The best option– installation of a steering column from a passenger car.
• The base and stand for mounting the column are made of thick-walled rolled metal - channels, corners sheet iron. The greater the mass of the machine, the better it will compensate for vibration.
• If you don’t have a drill, you can make it from any suitable electric motor. Most often, power units from washing machines. Pulleys for creating a belt drive are also selected from scrap materials.

All these issues can be solved if you apply professional approach to each stage of manufacturing a drilling machine from a steering rack. Its design is relatively simple, but to reduce labor intensity and achieve good quality It is recommended to adhere to a certain manufacturing pattern.

Making a machine

Homemade machine

The first step is to find the steering rack. It is best to use a part from a VAZ 2108, since it is characterized by simplicity of design and for a long time repair-free work. Since a new rack will cost quite a lot (up to 3,500 rubles), most often they buy used ones.

Selection of rack and its modernization

After purchasing it, preventive maintenance should be performed. For good operation of the drilling machine, it is necessary to ensure smooth operation. Therefore, in addition to mandatory cleaning of debris, it is often necessary to replace some components:

• Checking the condition of the gearbox. If necessary, replace faulty elements.
• The support sleeve must not have surface damage - chips, cracks, etc. This is controlled before purchase.

Applied to the body protective layer paints. Attention - it should not get inside the column. This may cause it to break or require significant effort when moving the rod.

Manufacturing of the frame and installation

Drill lock

The machine body is made according to the dimensions of the column and drill. Optimal size the working table is 30*20 cm. A platform is attached on top of it, on which the parts for drilling will be located.

Particular attention should be paid to the design for fixing the drill. It is installed on the steering rod in those places where there is mounting bolts. If you couldn’t find (make it yourself) a similar design, you can order it. To do this, it is recommended to draw up at least a simple drawing and give it to the master along with the finished column.

Jack machine

The stand can be made from U-shaped metal profile 30*60*30. It is welded to steel sheet, the thickness of which is at least 2 mm. To increase rigidity, additional ribs can be installed between these elements. Finished design must be stable. It is best to make holes on the sheet for attaching to the desktop.

The height of the stand should be 5-7 cm greater than the length of the column. The stroke of the rod must be taken into account. For the VAZ-2108 model it is 210 mm.

For greater comfort when working with a drilling machine, you should consider a system for turning on (off) the drill. The circuit may consist of a socket and a switch. To do this, the design of the drill must include a mechanism for fixing the start button. Otherwise, you will have to fix the button all the time, which will be extremely inconvenient.

In addition to the steering column, a mechanical jack can be used as a mechanism for lowering the drill. But similar design has an uneven move, which affects the quality of work.

Can be used in any workshop. The craftsman has the opportunity to assemble the device from a car steering rack with his own hands. Using the machine it is possible to drill metal, wood and plastic products. For example, a drilling machine correctly assembled from a steering rack meets all technical parameters mass-produced units.

Any self-made drilling machine is assembled from available funds. The device includes the following elements:

• bed;
• working head;
• a shock absorber that allows the head to return to its original position;
• power unit;
• a guide along which the frame moves;
• handles transmitting torque;
• bushings;
• vice;
• work head holder;
• a device that fixes a part on a table.

The bed serves as the base of the apparatus. Additionally, its role in the design of the machine is reduced to:

• balancing all structural elements;
• use as a workbench for working with a vice;
• fixing the main frame on which the working head of the unit is mounted.

Not only the head of the device is attached to the frame, but also a holder with a shock absorber. A spring mechanism is often used as a shock absorber. With absence spring mechanism alternative option will be the steering rack, which is an integral component of all domestic cars. If it is taken from a car, then there are a number of advantages regarding a spring shock absorber:

• provides stable work lifting device;
• promotes smooth running working head and frame.

The holder is attached to the main frame Electrical engine machine A clamping chuck is selected for the engine. A power supply must be selected for it if the device is not designed to operate from a 220 V network.

Machine engine

The vice plays a role in the unit clamping device. They are characterized by reliability and versatility of use.

Selection of elements for the future mechanism

Primary attention is paid to the choice of bed. It is recommended to use a metal frame for the future mechanism. Often a mobile frame or a frame removed from an old unit is used as the basis for a new one.

Particular attention is paid to the choice of slats. They are made from or corner. In order for the product to withstand vibrations, it is recommended to select channels and angles with a thickness of 3 mm or more. It is also recommended to choose a holder made of steel.

The working mechanism of a homemade drilling machine can be improved. In such cases, the power supply with the motor is replaced with a drill or a device that drills through concrete. It is important to properly attach the drill to the machine. It is directed perpendicular to its base, secured by brackets.

An alternative is to use an asynchronous type motor taken from some electrical appliance. The master will need to make significant efforts to assemble such a unit.

Stages of device assembly

Assembling the steering rack drill press starts with the stand. Taken for her profile pipe size 150*150 mm. The one-handed assembly process contains the following steps:

1. manufacturing a frame with legs welded to it so that the structure is securely fixed on the workbench;
2. holes are drilled in the frame for fastening clamping devices;
3. a pre-prepared stand is welded to the bed base;
4. the stand is strengthened at the attachment point with stiffening ribs;
5. a car rack is fixed on the rack, on which the rotation handle is mounted;
6. fastenings for a drill are made in the upper rack part;
7. the drill is connected to the steering rack;
8. the angle of inclination of the drill and the correctness of its position relative to the work table are adjusted;
9. the entire working mechanism is completely fixed, the correctness and reliability of fastening of all elements is checked;
10. bolts are tightened, wires are brought in;
11. The operation of the device is checked in test mode.

Features of assembling a mechanism with an asynchronous motor

There is an option for manufacturing a unit with an asynchronous type motor. This option is more complicated than using a drill. The drive engine requires the manufacture of a special platform on which the steering rack is mounted on the other side. The craftsman will be required to make an additional frame on which the machine spindle will be fixed.

The complexity of the design is in the transmission of rotation from the engine to the spindle assembly located with reverse side slats. The problem is solved by using a belt drive, with the help of which two pulleys (one on the spindle assembly, the other on the engine shaft) are connected to each other. For such devices, it is recommended to select factory-made spindles.

A unit with an asynchronous engine has many open and unprotected elements that rotate during its operation. Special covers allow you to protect the craftsman’s hands from damage and structural elements from clogging.

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