How to make a concrete blind area around a house? How to make a blind area around the house: do it correctly according to the instructions with your own hands Correctly filling the blind area

A person who is able to hire a team of builders to build a house or purchase ready-made housing construction is unlikely to be aware of all the intricacies construction processes. In its turn, thrifty owner, who independently builds his dream home, understands all the nuances and pitfalls of operating and maintaining the building. Therefore, he knows very well what is meant by a blind area, what it is needed for, what materials it is made from and how to properly build such a structure with your own hands.

The main purpose of the blind area around the house

The foundation blind area means a multifunctional structure that can be made from a variety of building materials. Most often this design made of concrete. Naturally, there are other types of blind areas from slate sheets, metal, asbestos cement or brick. At the same time, all designs allow us to solve a number of the following issues:

The recommended width of the blind area is usually is at least 600 mm. In this case, it must extend beyond the edges of the roof by 200 mm. If concrete screed around the house it is planned to use it as pedestrian path, then it expands to required sizes for convenient movement of housing construction residents. Naturally, get too carried away with expanding the blind area to small area not rational.

It is very important to maintain the slope of the blind area so that water is quickly drained from the walls and foundation of the building, so make a slope of 1.5-2 cm for each meter of width. Water streams should not linger on concrete base. This will not affect the convenience of people moving along the path.

To quickly and efficiently build a blind area around the house with your own hands, you need Stock up on the following supplies:

According to the technology for constructing a blind area, such a design provides creating two-layer pillows using different materials:

• To construct the first layer, a sand compaction pad with the addition of crushed stone and clay is used. All components are taken in equal proportions and mixed, after which they are leveled in an even layer up to 30 cm.
• The second and main layer is a concrete screed. Sometimes asphalt is laid sheet metal, paving slabs or simply compact a mixture of gravel and clay. The main criterion is the moisture resistance of the material used. For strength, the concrete layer must be at least 10 cm.

The operational life of the foundation of a private house, as well as the costs of its maintenance and repair, directly depend on the quality of the blind area. For self-construction there is a concrete screed around the house construction a certain sequence of work which must be adhered to.

If the weather outside is hot and dry, then the concrete screed needs to be watered from time to time several times a day. over 2–3 days. Such water treatments help prevent cracking upper layers blind areas due to uneven drying. After the screed is wetted, it must be covered with a polyethylene film to slow down the evaporation of water.

Insulation of the foundation blind area

In the case of heaving soil, in the place where house construction is being built, cracks may form on the blind area, so it is necessary to perform insulation. The thermal insulation layer significantly extends the service life of a private house and other outbuildings. As insulation extruded polystyrene foam is used or standard slabs polystyrene foam, which are laid on top of the blind area in an even layer, and covered with polyethylene film on top. To strengthen the insulation, a reinforcing mesh is laid on top of it and a cement-sand mixture screed up to 100 mm thick is poured.

Paving slabs, paving stones or clinker

The most attractive from the aesthetic side is the blind area around the house made using paving stones, clinkers or paving slabs. The tiles are laid like others decorative materials to a perfectly flat surface made of crushed stone and sand. In this case, the cushion layer must be at least 50 mm.

After the tiles have been laid, the joints between adjacent elements are filled with further compaction. At the final stage of construction of the blind area, restrictive curbs are installed. Laying such a foundation protection system can be called an artistic undertaking. Such decorative design has many colors and geometric shapes thanks to the variety of tiles on the construction market.

The blind area using clinker fits harmoniously into the overall stylization of the basement of the house, and with a well-chosen design it looks truly magnificent. In addition, this design is completely copes with rainwater drainage from the foundation of house construction. However, to perform such work with your own hands you will have to have certain skills.

Features of concrete blind area repair

If the homeowner has completed all the work on the construction of the foundation, plinth and blind area in compliance with all technologies, then in most cases, problems should not arise during operation for a long time. But nothing is perfect; this also applies to the blind area, on which cracks or other damage may appear, covering a significant area. In such a situation, you can resort for certain repairs.

For repair work better to give preference autumn or spring season of the year. In the summer heat, it is advisable to carry out all work either in the early morning or in the evening when there is no intense heat. Otherwise, under the influence of the scorching sun, the concrete will quickly dry out and cracks will form on its surface again.

As you can see, there is nothing difficult in figuring out how to properly make a blind area around the house. At the same time she has great importance to protect the foundation from destruction under the influence of precipitation. Once correctly making such a protective structure with his own hands, the homeowner a long period will protect the walls of your house from getting wet, and basement or basement rooms from flooding with rainwater.

The basis of any house is the foundation. The durability of the building depends on its strength, so this structural element needs protection. And it can be threatened by moisture entering the soil along with precipitation and flood waters. They are required to protect the foundation of every home. And the blind area can help with this.

Classmates

Markup first

Before making a blind area from concrete, which is the most common building material for these structures, you should mark the area around the house. The minimum width of the blind area is 60 cm. But it is worth remembering that the width of the strip should be greater than the roof overhang. The difference should be 20 cm so that falling drops of water do not fall on open ground, but were extinguished by a concrete blind area and moved further from the foundation.

• Roulette;
• Stakes;
• Lace.

The width is taken from the corner parts of the foundation and pins are driven in at these places, the role of which can be played by metal fittings or wood cutting. As soon as the entire perimeter has been passed, a string is pulled, marking the location of excavation for the device. concrete blind area. And it begins new stage work.

Excavation

Excavation of soil for a concrete blind area is carried out only manually. You need to dig to the depth fertile land. If this layer is small, then at least 40 cm is removed in order to be able to place layers of sand and crushed stone cushions and a concrete strip. The soil should be taken away and distributed around the site, as it will no longer be needed.

The base of the future concrete blind area must be level. A layer of geotextile should be laid on it so that the plant roots remaining in the ground cannot germinate and damage it over time. hydraulic structure. The material is distributed over the entire area of ​​the trench with an overlap onto the foundation and the opposite side.

As soon as the trench is completely prepared, you need to backfill and compact construction sand and granite or limestone crushed stone. It is important to remember that the pillows should not contain any impurities, which can significantly reduce the quality of the work done. The sand is sifted before use, freeing it from any inclusions. But crushed stone is cleaned with normal visual inspection.

The thickness of the bedding ranges from 15 to 20 cm. Materials should be laid in small portions. Wherein Each layer must be compacted. For this purpose an electric professional tool or a simple wooden “block”, that is, a piece of log or timber with a handle.

An alternative option for compacting sandy substrates is to use water. By evenly distributing the flow, you need to thoroughly moisten the pillow. Water will begin to seep into the sand, causing these small particles to adhere more tightly to each other.

After the stage where the sand and crushed stone cushions were backfilled, it is necessary to perform reinforcement so that the concrete blind area around the house with your own hands does not become covered with a huge number of cracks after a couple of years. But fastening with reinforcing rods will avoid troubles. In addition, the metal will add rigidity to the blind area, which will have a positive effect on the durability of the structure.

To work, you will need a metal rod (flat or notched), with a diameter of 8 to 16 mm. Reinforcement mesh is also used, laid in the trench and then filled. If a rod is used, it is distributed perpendicular to each other, forming cells ranging in size from 10 to 20 cm. The reinforcement is fastened using tying wire, previously cut into equal sections of 30 cm.

Once this work has been completed around the entire perimeter of the house, you can proceed to installing the formwork. In order to make the concrete blind area much easier, it is better to use edged board. The width of the material will depend on the height of the pour, since in some cases it is possible to raise the level when it is planned to further work with the landscape of the site. Optimal thickness concrete blind areas 10-15 centimeters.

The boards are installed using wooden stakes to which they can be nailed. When placing the formwork, use building level. It will be required to maintain the horizontal position of the blind area or to install slopes for better water drainage. It is equally important to install special inserts to separate the solid concrete strip blind areas. This is required to eliminate future kinks from temperature changes.

After completing all preparatory work You can start preparing the concrete mixture. To do this, you should use a mortar mixer with an electric motor so that the process goes faster and the resulting solution has high quality. The durability and strength that the concrete blind area around the house will have depends on this.

To prepare the concrete mixture, take sifted construction sand and fine crushed stone. This is exactly what allows you to get smooth surface, along which you can move freely as if on a path. Portland cement grade 400 or 500 is required as a binder. Special attention must be given to the date of manufacture of this building material. The fact is that cement has the ability to reduce its own qualities and characteristics over time. That's why for work, you should choose material from the date of manufacture, which has not passed more than a month.

The mixture for the blind area around the concrete house is mixed using clean water. The temperature of the liquid should be at room temperature, that is, not too warm or cold. First, water is poured into the mixer, then crushed stone is added, and only then cement can be poured. This allows for uniform mixing of the binder, which helps to obtain more quality concrete. When the cement is completely distributed throughout the mixture, sand can be added.

The composition of the mixture is determined by different specialists from the following calculation:

• One part cement;
• Sand three parts;
• Crushed stone five parts.

Water is added until the desired consistency is obtained, which should resemble sour cream. This is the only way to obtain a high-quality mixture that is convenient for leveling and laying. The resulting grade of concrete depends entirely on the cement used. So, to get M250 concrete, you need to use M400 cement. But a binder with the M500 grade allows you to obtain M350 concrete. The proportions of the material should not change.

The prepared concrete is evenly placed in the prepared blind area. This is done using buckets or directly from the mixer, when it is possible to install it directly near the formwork. Each portion of concrete after unloading is subjected to leveling and vibration. This allows all air bubbles to be expelled from the concrete, which will make it much stronger.

An ordinary vibrator can serve as a vibrator. wooden block, which are produced forward movements. Once this is done, you should move on to the process of leveling the concrete. For this you will need metal rule. This tool allows you to get flat surface having smoothness and uniformity. Thanks to it, the same thickness of the concrete blind area is obtained, which is also important.

If the formwork was done correctly, then there will be no problems with the slope of the structure. But you should still check it. The slope of the blind area should not be more than 15 mm per meter of width. This is the only way to get an additional path around the house, along which water will flow freely onto the site. If you want to drain the liquid to one place, a gutter is placed along the perimeter of the blind area. When it rains, water will flow into it and go to storm sewer or into a special ditch.

The laid slats at the formwork stage, which are responsible for the formation of expansion joints, should be pulled out after pouring the concrete. This measure allows you to avoid subsequent rotting of the wood and filling of these technological cavities with various debris. But there is no need to leave them empty either. Therefore, the most effective solution The seams will be filled with a special sealant. It will not interfere with the expansion of the concrete surface, and will also make the technological cavities more attractive in appearance.

The distance between expansion joints is important. It should not be too large, but it is also not recommended to chop it. The optimal distance is 2 meters, which eliminates the formation of cracks with subsequent destruction during the expansion and contraction of the concrete blind area.

Protective measures after concrete placement

When the concrete mixture is finally laid, the blind area should be covered with plywood or chipboard panels. It is allowed to use slate sheets that are leaned against the wall of the house. This measure allows you to save fresh concrete from exposure to precipitation, such as rain. Also, such protection will not allow moisture to quickly leave the solution, which can lead to the formation of cracks.

What is the difference correct blind area made of concrete? The strength and durability of the top layer on which the water collected on the roof of the house falls. To ensure these qualities apply:

• Cement laitance;
• Liquid glass;
• Primers and enamels;
• Ceramic tiles and natural stone.

The most common method of protection is reinforced concrete. For this purpose, dry cement or milk prepared on its basis is used. After the processing process, a the thinnest layer, able to withstand any impact of precipitation and temperature. This makes the blind area hardy and durable.

Coating concrete with a primer or enamel is also aimed at achieving protective properties and increasing the performance of the resulting structure. To do this, water repellents are used that penetrate deep into the frozen blind area, providing it with water-repellent properties. Compared to ironing, this method is somewhat more expensive, so it is less common among owners country houses, although quite effective.

An alternative to priming concrete is to coat it with a mixture of liquid glass and cement. This composition is somewhat reminiscent of conventional ironing of the surface, but provides the blind area with higher resistance to water and other precipitation. Responsible for this in the mixture liquid glass, increasing the water-repellent properties of the surface and making it more airtight.

Usage ceramic tiles And natural stone for facing the surface of the blind area allows you to perform two tasks at once:

• Improving protective properties;
• Decorative design of the area around the house.

When planning for the future landscape design plot, this method can perfectly fit the house located on it. Many designers use this solution to create a smooth transition from the structure to the ground. The qualities of ceramics or natural stone make it possible to ensure long-term operation of the blind area, even in cases where there is frequent movement of people living in the house.

The laying of all elements is carried out directly after laying and leveling the concrete. A building level will help check the evenness and horizontality of the resulting cladding layer. The only unpleasant moment is that due to the dense coating concrete base It will take longer to dry, which will delay the start of its operation. Otherwise this decision may be considered the best option designing a blind area around any building.

Step-by-step video review of the construction of a concrete platform

Need to make a blind area around the house? No problem. We will tell you how to install concrete and soft blind areas around the house, how to fill the blind area of ​​the house and how to properly insulate it. Given detailed technology concrete blind area devices.

Contents of the article about concrete and soft blind areas around the house, pouring and insulating the blind area

Types of blind areas around the house

In each individual case, specialists select the type of blind area around the house, taking into account necessary requirements to protect the foundation and the wishes of the customer. The most popular types of blind areas around the house:

• concrete and stone paving stones;
• concrete blind area;
• paving slabs;
• rubble blind area;
• soft blind area.

Concrete blind area around the house

Proper blind area around the house, done with your own hands or by specialists, increases the service life of the foundation. The expenditure of money and time on or the base depends on this. If you want to get rid of additional headaches, make a high-quality blind area. How is a concrete blind area made around a house?

The blind area consists of 2 structural layers:

• underlying, 20 mm thick to create a flat, compacted base. Sand, clay and small crushed stone are used.
• final coating, 100 mm thick to ensure waterproofness. Clay, concrete, asphalt and small cobblestones are used.

Technology for constructing a concrete blind area around the house:

How to fill a blind area at home?

Pouring concrete is the final and, perhaps, the main stage of constructing a blind area. The process is not very complicated, the main thing is to fill it correctly.

When pouring the blind area with concrete, an expansion joint is constructed every 2-3 meters across the blind area. The distance is calculated based on the probability of soil heaving. Thanks to the expansion joint, the concrete blind area is prevented from ruptures, which are possible in winter when low temperatures. Edge-mounted seams are used as demonstration seams. wooden slats. The top surface of the slats should coincide with the surface of the concrete.

Important! Consider the slope of the blind area. Also protect the slats from rotting by treating them with bitumen mastic.

Builders wondering how to properly pour the blind area of ​​a house should take into account that in order to give maximum strength, 15 minutes after pouring the concrete, ironing must be done. Ironing technology involves sprinkling the mortar with fresh cement and smoothing it using a spatula. This creates additional layer to protect the surface from moisture penetration.

After you have filled the blind area around the house, you need to cover concrete surface cloth and periodically moisten it with water. This is done to keep the concrete from drying out.

Soft blind area around the house

The soft blind area around the house looks attractive, but it must be done correctly so that the beauty does not harm the foundation. Features of the soft blind area: upper decorative layer passes water through itself, which is directed to waterproofing film– waterproof layer. IN traditional form blind area this function performs concrete or asphalt.

Installation of a soft blind area around the house

1. A bottom layer consisting of clay is laid over the entire width of the blind area. It is necessary to make a slope of 5-10 cm over the entire width of the blind area. It is important that the clay does not contain sand impurities, since when moisture enters the layer and the entire blind area swells. The clay is laid to a thickness of 100 mm, after which it is carefully compacted and the surface is leveled.

2. A special film for arrangement is laid on top of the clay. It is fixed directly to the surface of the foundation. The waterproofing is laid with a small margin; for this, a fold of 30-40 mm remains along the entire length of the insulation. If the blind area suddenly moves away from the foundation walls, the reserve will serve as a kind of compensator. It is forbidden to use roofing felt, as it is a short-lived material.

3. Waterproofing is protected. To do this, sand 50 mm thick is poured over it.

4. Geotextiles are spread across the width of the blind area. This material consists of propylene thread. It allows water to pass through and prevents sand from filling the voids between the crushed stone layer, which is laid on top of the sand.

5. A layer of crushed stone of 120-150 mm is poured on top of the geotextile. This is necessary so that the water reaches the waterproofing layer and moves away from the foundation.

6. Geotextiles are again laid on top of the crushed stone. After this, a blind area is made from the materials you have chosen. The soft blind area around the house is beautiful and is not afraid of floods and frosts.

Technology for insulating blind areas around the house and materials used

Insulation of the blind area around the house with polyurethane foam

The technology consists of mixing the components and spraying the material using special equipment. The material has low water absorption, and is applied immediately before pouring concrete (concrete blind area around the house) or laying another coating.

Blind area around the house video

Video: How to make a concrete blind area?

The blind area plays an important and key role for the comfortable use of every home. This part finished design aimed at fulfilling protective function and preventing erosion of the foundation from precipitation and melt water. It is water that is the root cause of the destruction and deformation of the foundation. If you decide to build a defense without the help of specialists, we advise you to find out how to make a blind area around the house with your own hands.

The role of the blind area in the structure

Foundation protection plays an aesthetic and decorative function. It prevents the entry of sedimentary moisture and uneven erosion of the foundation of the house. If your site has constantly wet soil, then winter period it will begin to put pressure on the foundation of the house and will cause planting and cracks to appear on it. If the soil is heaving, then it is recommended to insulate the base protection.

Important! It is extremely dangerous to leave a house without a blind area in the winter.

Preparatory work to create a protective structure around the house

In order for the foundation of the house to be reliably protected, you need to know how to make a blind area. To build it, use only quality materials and carry out the entire work process correctly. When constructing a blind area, determine its width and, if possible, make it as wide as possible. The wider the structure, the less likely it is to absorb moisture into the soil and damage the foundation. The minimum width is 80 cm throughout the entire house. It is worth considering that the blind area also serves as a sidewalk, so for comfortable use, take a width of 2 m. It is necessary to build foundation protection taking into account the slope, which will ensure water flows away from the wall of the building. According to building codes there is an approved slope size of 50-100 mm per 1 m of width, i.e. the width of the structure is 1 m in height and will be 50-100 mm near the walls of the house, and its second end will lie in the same plane with the ground. If there is this slope, the water will drain freely and without stagnation on the plane.

Foundation protection device

• Level . The height of the base plays a big role. For example, if crushed stone or gravel is used, then the height can be raised by 30 cm. If tiles or concrete are used, then the height should be at least 50 cm.
• The width is set depending on the soil type and length eaves overhang roofs. With a normal type of soil, the width is 20 cm greater than the cornice; this is necessary so that water flows smoothly and does not stagnate near the house. If the soil allows planting, the width is taken to be 30 cm beyond the boundary of the pit.
• Slope. When using cobblestones or crushed stone, the slope is made at a distance of 5-10 cm per 1 m of the width of the building. For asphalt - 3-5 cm. If the slope is too steep, water drainage is better, but it is inconvenient to use such a structure as a sidewalk.
• Gap between the wall. Protects from frost and from destruction of the waterproofing of basement walls.
• Drainage. Performs the function of drainage along the external line of the blind area.

Note! Screw and pile foundation do not require a blind area; for these structures it is enough to make a durable protective coating in the water drainage areas.

DIY blind area around the house

• consider the width of the structure;
• set the tilt angle correctly;
• use high-quality building materials;
• follow the entire work process;
• don't break technology.

Tools you will need:

• shovel;
• manual rammer;
• wheelbarrow for transporting bulk goods;
• hydraulic level;
• insulation material;
• sand;
• crushed stone;
• clay;
• reinforced mesh or reinforcing bars.

Expert advice! Construction material should be selected only taking into account the type of soil.

Instructions for carrying out work

For getting durable protection foundation, we propose to analyze the most common blind area options. So, do-it-yourself blind area, step-by-step instructions.

Classic defense

• It is necessary to mark the entire area of ​​the building for future protection. We measure the required width at the corners of all walls, hammer in pegs, and pull on a strong thread or cord.
• We remove a layer of soil by 0.25 m.
• Along the edges of the trench we place and secure removable formwork.
• Place the first layer of sand (10 cm) on the bottom and fill it with water so that it shrinks.
• Lay a layer of crushed stone (5-8 cm).
• We fix everything on top of the crushed stone reinforced mesh. When joining the edges, we place the mesh sheet on top of each other by 15 cm.
• Take the wood and saturate it with a water-repellent mixture. Fix every 1.5 m wooden planks, so that their upper edges coincide with the future protection. It will be additional protection from cracks in winter.
• The entire plane is filled cement mortar, the resulting irregularities are leveled.
• As soon as the solution has dried, take dry cement, sprinkle it over the entire surface and rub it in.

Soft blind area

The construction of such foundation protection is carried out in several stages of work.

• It is necessary to remove a layer of soil at a depth of 30 cm and dig a trench 60-80 cm wide.
• We place a layer of clay (10 cm) on the bottom and compact everything well, maintaining a slight slope from the building.
• We lay a waterproof film on top of the clay, and attach the upper edge to the base of the house.
• We lay a layer of sand on top of the film, which will serve as protection against mechanical damage.
• We lay geotextiles on the sand. This is necessary so that moisture can pass through without mixing sand with crushed stone.
• We pour a layer of crushed stone (12 cm) onto the geotextile.
• Next is a layer of geotextile.
• Everything is covered with a layer of sand and a blind area is laid out.

Blind area made of asphalt concrete

• We dig a trench up to 30 cm deep and carefully compact the soil.
• We pour sand and clay onto the bottom, this is necessary so that the material does not sink into the ground under the influence of water.
• We lay out borders along the outer line.
• Cover everything with crushed stone (15 cm).
• Asphalt 5 cm high is laid on top.

Protection of foundations made of paving stones or tiles

• Dig a trench 50 cm deep.
• Make a slope at the level of 5-10% of the structure.
• A layer of drainage (pebbles, crushed stone) is laid in it, and sand (30 cm) is poured on top.
• We leave a gap of 2-3 cm between the base and the protection. During periods of severe frost, the tiles tend to increase in size; if a gap is not left, they will begin to put pressure on the foundation. The gap can be covered with roofing felt or filled with sand.
• Next, a layer of reinforced concrete is laid, leveled and thoroughly compacted.
• The final stage is laying the tiles.

Expert advice! When laying slabs, plan in advance the blind area according to the width of the slab itself, this will save you from trimming the material. To avoid the tiles sliding down the slope of the foundation, they are rested against the curb stone. For a strong hold curb stone he is placed on a concrete castle. This type The blind area is easy to install, and if the slab is damaged, it is easy to replace.

Concrete blind area

This type of base protection is the most common. The first thing to start with is to mark the borders and make an indent of 100 cm in width.

• Remove and compact the soil layer, the depth should be 25 cm.
• Delete root system plants and remove debris.
• Let's do wooden formwork, the width of the wood must be at least 20 mm.
• Pour a layer of clay onto dense soil, level it and compact it.
• Pour sand (10 cm) on top of the clay, compact it thoroughly and fill it with water.
• Next, lay a layer of crushed stone (7 cm).
• To increase the load, we reinforce the blind area.
• We make an expansion joint at the junction of the protection and the base. This is an important component of the entire structure, which helps protect it from ground subsidence. The seam width is 1.5 cm, fill the gaps with sand. You can also use sealant instead of sand.
• During the process of pouring concrete, it is necessary to make expansion joints at a distance of 2-3 m; they will help protect the foundation of the house from ruptures and deep cracks during severe frosts in winter. To do this, take wooden slats; when fastening, their tops should be together with the concrete surface. To prevent wood rotting, they can be treated with waste oil or used bitumen mastic. Expansion joint installed in the corner of the house.
• Then we lay and compact the concrete. We align it using the previously installed wooden slats.
• We carry out ironing of the blind area. Ironing has 2 methods: wet and dry. With the dry method, dry cement is poured onto an even layer of concrete. Dry cement pulls out excess moisture and forms additional strength throughout the entire plane.

With the wet method, cement is mixed with water until a slurry forms and spread over the entire surface using a spatula. Instead of cement, you can use ceresite or liquid glass. Each ironing method gives the structure additional strength and increases the service life of the blind area.

• Upon completion of all work, cover the entire surface with a cloth, which we periodically moisten with water. This procedure will prevent the concrete from drying out.
• After 7 days the blind area is ready.
• The concrete structure can be decorated with pebbles or stones.

Important! Concrete must have frost-resistant characteristics.

When choosing any type of protection for the foundation around the house, consider not only the financial side, but also the type of soil, location of the site and quality drainage system buildings.

Blind area - horizontal wide band made of concrete, stone, asphalt or other material, which runs around the house at an angle. It is needed to remove precipitation, because rain or melting snow negatively affects the condition of the foundation and walls of the building, especially wooden ones. Due to regular exposure to moisture, a log or timber darkens over time, rots and molds, the foundation sags and cracks, and the basement or basement begins to flood. To avoid these problems, blind areas are used.

Why are blind areas needed?

Note that pile and screw foundations do not need blind areas. IN in this case you just need to install protective coatings in places where water drains from the roof. Other types of foundation require the organization of blind areas, which perform a number of important functions:

• Drain rain and melt water from the walls and foundation of the house;
• Prevents the appearance of mold, mildew and rot;
• Prevents the foundation from subsiding too much and protects against cracks and splits;
• Minimize the risk of flooding in the basement, underground or ground floor;
• Reduce soil freezing under the building and increase thermal insulation;
• Preserve the original appearance of the house;
• Increase the service life of the foundation and the structure as a whole;
• They complete the facade of the house, making the building complete and attractive.

Making a blind area around the house with your own hands is not difficult. The process begins after construction is completed. If you haven't chosen a project yet country cottage or dachas, a lot interesting options you will find in the “MariSrub” catalogue. And in the article we will look at how to properly make and fill a blind area around the house.

Design specifics

The blind area is made according to certain dimensions. Main role width and angle of inclination play a role. To determine the minimum width for a house, add 30 centimeters to the roof overhang. But in any case, the width of the blind area around the house should not be less than 60 centimeters. One meter is considered a suitable size. The wider the blind area, the more functional it is.

The slope of the structure is made away from the house; due to this slope, water drains and leaves the walls of the building. Most suitable angle the tilt is 3-10 degrees, but in some cases 1.5-2 is sufficient. The markings are made not from the edge of the roof, but from the walls. The seams between the building and the blind area are additionally filled with sand. For pouring, choose only high-quality reliable concrete of at least grade M 250; in rare cases, you can use M 200.

To make a blind area choose various materials. Today the market offers wide choose concrete and stone pavers, which vary in color, shape, size and design. Stone materials They look natural and aesthetically pleasing, but are more complex to install. The suitable thickness of the paving stone blind area is 5-6 meters.

It is advantageous to choose paving slabs, as they are suitable for repair. If necessary, you can quickly and easily replace damaged tiles. You can see square and rectangular tiles different textures and flowers.

The most economical and quick option— use of concrete and/or crushed stone. The thickness of the concrete blind area is 7-10 centimeters, of crushed stone - at least ten. Instead of crushed stone, you can use expanded clay, gravel or pebbles. The result is a strong and reliable blind area, which is closed from above decorative tiles, stones or leave rubble. We will consider the manufacture of a concrete blind area, since such a structure can be made independently without professional training.

How to make a blind area correctly: step-by-step instructions

• Prepare and compact the ground where the blind area is planned;
• Mark up future design using pegs placed in the corners of the house, rope or boundary boards;
• Dig a hole 20-25 centimeters down;
• Install formwork along the outer perimeter of the trench. Formwork is made of boards, wooden blocks or slats, which are installed vertically and fixed;
• Pour sand in a layer five to ten centimeters high. Then pour the sand generously with water and compact it;
• Pour a layer of gravel or crushed stone on top and level it;
• After preparing the sand cushion and gravel layer, a compensating (deformation and temperature) seam is made, i.e. between the blind area and the walls/basement of the building, a layer of sand (gravel) is poured or roofing felt is laid solidly or every two meters;
• Then the concrete mixture is poured into the formwork. For self-made solution, take sand, crushed stone and cement in a parts ratio of 3:5:1. Add water to the composition in a volume of 60% of the taken cement and mix the mixture thoroughly;
• Concrete is poured carefully and gradually in several layers, taking into account the slope in an approximate ratio of 15 mm per meter of width;
• Cover the poured surface plastic film and leave until completely dry, dry and hot weather the surface is watered with cool water;
• Subsequently, the joints between the house and the blind area are filled with sealant;
• You can leave the concrete surface in this form or give it an aesthetic appearance. appearance using tiles, bricks or paving stones, install a border. But if the design is done correctly, there is no need for a curb.

Final work

The appearance of cracks and crevices is the main problem of blind areas that arises during operation. This occurs due to frost, temperature changes and soil subsidence. To reduce the number of defects, additional insulation, expansion joints and installation of a drainage system with gutters (storm drainage) are used.

If you want to insulate the structure, add concrete mortar expanded clay during mixing. Insulation reduces soil freezing, which will reduce the number of cracks that appear during operation. In addition, for additional insulation concrete is poured in two layers, between which a special insulation is laid.

To make an expansion joint, the gap between the foundation walls and the structure is covered with gravel or sand, filled with mastic, or two or three layers of roofing material are laid. This layer will preserve the blind area during soil subsidence and prevent cracking and splitting.

If cracks do form, a liquid cement solution will help eliminate the defect. To repair, you need to cut out the splits completely and clean them of dirt, then pour them inside cement composition. Fill the hole with mastic and pour sand on top. Large and deep cracks or splits are filled with fresh concrete.

Storm drain

In order for blind areas to be as effective as possible, you need to install a storm sewer or drainage system on summer cottage. A suitable option There will be an open or linear design, which involves the placement of gutters along the surface of the site. Water from roofs, decks, sidewalks and walkways flows through pipes into these gutters and is then sent to a reservoir or sewer system. The gutters are covered with gratings to protect from debris and provide an aesthetic appearance.

An open storm drain is easy to install and use and covers a large area, which is why many summer residents and owners of suburban areas choose this type of drainage system. A more complex, but also more aesthetic option is a closed or point storm design. In this case, gutters and channels are installed underground. Such a system should be developed at the design stage country house. There is also mixed type storm drains, which includes both surface and underground gutters.

If installed incorrectly storm system, pouring a blind area or using low-quality materials the design will be ineffective and will not last even five years. Trust the work to experts and professionals! The builders of “MariSrub” will select durable, high-quality materials, calculate correctly, reliably and in short time They will make a blind area, install gutters and a drainage system. We build quality wooden houses from timber and logs on a turnkey basis or for shrinkage inexpensively!