How to make a polycarbonate wood canopy. How to make a polycarbonate canopy: setting up a covered area for a summer cottage. Calculation and design of polycarbonate canopies
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Polycarbonate canopies can be used for the most different needs. These are hanging canopies over the balcony and porch; covered parking for passenger cars and agricultural machinery; covered passages between the house and the bathhouse, summer kitchen, sheds, etc.
This article will discuss different types of polycarbonate house canopies, features of the choice of materials for the frame, and calculations of buildings. You will also find here step by step guide for the construction of a structure based on a metal profile.
Types, calculation and design of canopies, choice of frame material
The most popular options for canopies and canopies made of polycarbonate are arched, cascading, single- and double-sloped. They all have their own advantages and disadvantages.
Arched structures
Arched polycarbonate canopies in the yard are considered the most popular today, especially for organizing parking lots and galleries between the house and outbuildings.
- The semicircular shape of the arch prevents snow from accumulating on the roof.
- When it rains, water drains only on two sides.
- Due to the downward facing sides, the likelihood of the canopy being damaged by wind is quite low.
- The arched design is equally suitable for both a small canopy over the porch and a spacious parking lot for several cars.
The arched polycarbonate canopy has one drawback - if you make it yourself, you may face the problem of bending the profiles.
Arched polycarbonate canopy: the photo shows an indoor parking lot
Cascade system
Cascading canopies are, in fact, a system of several arched ones. This design is chosen for installation above flights of stairs, where the roof slope is very large. And there are two reasons for this:
- When it rains, water pours from the solid arched roof, located at a high angle, into the space in front of the first steps, hitting those entering. With a cascade arrangement of roofing elements, water flows to the sides.
- The aesthetic side of the issue. Several cascading arched polycarbonate canopies look much more interesting than one solid one pointing downwards.
The disadvantages of such a system are the complexity of the design, high time and material costs.
Arched polycarbonate canopy attached to the house: photo of a three-stage system
Shed roof
Single-pitch canopy made of polycarbonate - this is the easiest option to build:
- No bending of profiles is required, as is the case with arched roofs.
- No bending of polycarbonate sheets is required. Accordingly, you are not limited in choosing the thickness of the roofing material.
- During construction, you can do without the use of trusses; only longitudinal and transverse beams will be sufficient.
Shed structures are often used when attaching a canopy to the wall of a house or garage. The disadvantage is that the roof has a slight slope; in winter, snow will accumulate on it.
Wooden canopy made of polycarbonate: photo of a lean-to structure
Gable canopy
In construction, it is a little more complicated than a single-slope one, since it requires two slopes to be brought together at a certain angle. However, this construction is also more convenient to use:
- Slopes lowered on both sides provide better protection from wind and precipitation compared to a single slope.
- The angle of the roof is greater here, which means less snow will accumulate on it in winter.
- Frame gable roof It turns out rigid, thanks to which it resists wind loads well.
A gable canopy made of polycarbonate can be used in for different purposes: for parking lots, barbecues, barbecue ovens, porches, pavilions between outbuildings.
Gable roof over barbecue oven
Calculation and design of polycarbonate canopies
Even at the stage of creating a project, before starting to calculate a polycarbonate canopy from a profile pipe, you need to find out the following for yourself:
- Size and location of the future building.
- Wind and snow loads– these parameters affect the shape of the roof structure.
- The design of a private house and outbuildings - the choice of frame design and the color of polycarbonate sheets depends on this.
- Specifications of available/desired building materials.
Armed with this information, we move on to calculating and drawing up a drawing of a polycarbonate canopy. Here we already indicate exactly: the dimensions of the building and the shape of the roof; specifications material of supports, frame and roof; quantity and nature of fastening elements.
Note:when determining the features of the structural frame, it must be taken into account that polycarbonate is produced in sheets standard sizes. Their joints must necessarily fall on the transverse profiles - the sheathing.
How to make a polycarbonate canopy: the width of the purlins between the sheathing profiles depends on the parameters of the roofing material
And now about the height polycarbonate canopies. In principle, it can be anything - it all depends on your needs and wishes. However, for comfortable use of the building, it will be better if the lowest point of its roof is at least 180 cm above the ground.
Options support posts for the manufacture of canopies and canopies made of polycarbonate, it is necessary to calculate based on the following figures:
- The minimum cross-section is 40x40 mm.
- Metal thickness – from 1 mm.
- The thickness of the foundation pillars must exceed the cross-section of the racks by at least 10 mm.
- The recommended depth of foundation pits is from 50 cm.
- For the sidewalls of rafter trusses, a profile with a cross-section of 20 mm is taken, for diagonal gratings - from 15 mm.
How to make a polycarbonate canopy with your own hands: the drawings must be very detailed
Note:It is better to entrust the design of structures with an area of 8 m2 or more to specialists. The roof area here will be large, which means it will be necessary to accurately calculate the level of snow and wind loads. Errors can lead to deformation or collapse of the building.Choosing material for the frame
Typically, the following materials are used to make polycarbonate canopies:
- Metal profile. Durable, easy to install and unpretentious to use. Requires minimal maintenance - only timely treatment with anti-corrosion agents. Flaws - heavy weight designs and high price.
- Metal pipes. The advantages are the same as metal profiles. The only thing is round shape cross-section is not so convenient for welding and other types of fasteners.
- Wood – profiled or ordinary timber, rounded log. A beautiful, lively material, suitable if the canopy should be stylized as something. When building a wooden polycarbonate canopy with your own hands, you will need certain carpentry skills.
Wooden frame
DIY polycarbonate canopy construction
The longest part of construction is creating the foundation. The frame itself and the mounting on it roofing sheets It will take at most one and a half working days.
Installation of support pillars and installation of bindings
We install support pillars in the following way:
- We dig foundation holes - 50 cm deep and 30 cm in diameter.
- We install a reinforcement cage inside.
- Fill the holes with a cement-sand (3/1) mixture, cover with cellophane and leave to harden for several days.
- We fasten the supports to the foundation with anchors.
Concreting supports
We tie the supports along the tops with a single beam; the front part of the canopy will then rest on it. This dressing is best done from a profile with a square or rectangular section. The use of a round pipe is undesirable here, since the contact area of the elements when welding work will be too small.
A polycarbonate canopy attached to the house: the photo shows the location of the front supports
Note:The attachment of the canopy to the wall is carried out on a beam attached to the surface with anchor bolts. At the required height, checking with building level, mark a line along which holes for fasteners are then drilled. Next, screw the beam onto the wall, tightening the bolts well.
We make a canopy for the house from polycarbonate: the photo shows the installation stage of the binding
Bend the profile for the roof frame
If the polycarbonate garden canopy has an arched roof, then we will have to think about how to bend the profiled pipe. This can be done in several ways:
- With help pipe bending machine. Such a device is expensive, and it makes no sense to buy it just for the construction of a canopy.
- By cutting (6-8 mm) the pipe and bending it in the opposite direction. The cuts are then covered with metal “patches”.
- Manual bending of a preheated profile. To prevent flattening of the pipe, sand is compacted inside before work.
Manual pipe bending machine
Welding the canopy frame
We begin welding the frame by assembling the trusses. This is done on the ground, with the obligatory use of a building level. We start welding the diagonal slats onto parallel profiles from the edges, gradually moving towards the center. Magnets for welding will greatly facilitate the work - they are good for setting angles between parts.
In the following video you can see how welding magnets are used.
We place the finished polycarbonate trusses for the canopy on the binding and on the support of the front part. We bait it pointwise and then weld it. All elements must stand strictly vertically, so after installation we check the correct installation with a building level. If necessary, we slightly adjust the position using a sledgehammer.
A canopy attached to the house, made of polycarbonate: photo of the installation of roof trusses
Across the trusses we make purlins from a thin profile of rectangular cross-section. The distance between the parts is from 50 to 60 cm.
Installation of purlins
Next, we proceed to the installation of the sidewalls. We weld sections of the profile to the bases of the outer trusses and screw them along the entire length to the walls. From the lower edges of the sections to the ends of the trusses we stretch and weld profiles of the same thickness. we do a couple or three cross lintels. You can see what it looks like in the next photo. The frame is ready, you can begin installing the polycarbonate.
Sidewall work
Fastening cellular polycarbonate to the frame
And now about how to attach polycarbonate to metal frame canopy Installation is carried out using special fasteners - thermal washers. They consist of sealing and plastic washers, as well as a plug for them. All this is tightened with ordinary self-tapping screws. Special attention Three points should be taken into account:
- Strict vertical screwing of self-tapping screws.
- Moderate tightening of fasteners. Insufficient application will not ensure the proper quality of installation, and excessive application can lead to damage to the surface of the material.
- There should be at least 4 cm from the sheet cuts to the boundaries of the hole for the self-tapping screw.
- The hole for the self-tapping screw should be 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the latter.
How to properly attach polycarbonate to a canopy: you need to use special thermal washers
In addition to thermal washers, the following fittings are used during the installation of polycarbonate:
- Detachable profile. Used to join two sheets of material together. It consists of a base and a cover - the base is attached to the frame with self-tapping screws, and the cover is fastened to it using a special lock.
- End profile and punched tape. They are used for finishing cuts on polycarbonate sheets. First, punched paper tape is glued along their entire length, and then the end profile is fixed to it.
Additional accessories
Polycarbonate is one of the types of synthetic plastics (otherwise known as thermoplastics). The unique chemical structure of the material and its inherent physical properties put the material in the line of the most popular ones. Most popular products - arched canopies made of polycarbonate, canopies of other designs, canopies, other lightweight and prefabricated structures for various purposes.
When constructing structures for various purposes, two types of material are used. These are monolithic (less common option) and cellular (another name, cellular) polycarbonate. Let's take a closer look at them.
Cellular polycarbonate
The cross-section of the material is very similar to a triangular or rectangular honeycomb. It is to this that he owes his name. The initial raw material for its production is polycarbonate granules. This polymer material refers to thermosetting plastics and is characterized by a number of properties, thanks to which it has become so popular in the building materials market.
Most often, do-it-yourself arched polycarbonate canopies are built using of this type material.
Classification by structure and geometry of honeycombs
The internal honeycombs are formed by stiffening ribs (oblique and straight), between which air is contained. This determines the high noise insulation properties of the material and its thermal insulation capabilities. According to this parameter, cellular polycarbonates are divided into:
- Panels “2H” are two-layer, having a honeycomb of rectangular cross-section. With a sheet thickness (h) in the range of (4 – 10) mm, the stiffeners are made in the form of simple perpendicular partitions.
- “3X” - three-layer sheets that have not only straight, but also additional (inclined) stiffeners. The thickness of the latter is determined by the manufacturer.
- “3H” - are also three-layer and have rectangular honeycombs (their length is much greater than the width). Manufactured with h= 6 mm (other sizes: 8 mm or 10 mm). This sheet is best choice to build a canopy in the courtyard of a private house with your own hands;
- “5W” - five-layer sheets with rectangular honeycombs. Produced with h= (16 – 20) mm;
- “5X” - have inclined and straight ribs. Consist of 5 layers. h=25 mm.
Sheet dimensions:
- Thickness – (4 – 32) mm;
- Width - 2100 mm;
- Length - when sold, the material is cut to length into sheets (1 - 9) m or is offered in a standard length of 12 m.
Monolithic polycarbonate
This material belongs to the group of thermoplastics. The most popular brands are those containing aromatic compounds produced by synthesis from bisphenol.
Expert opinion
Sergey Yurievich
Ask a question to an expertThe thickness of the sheets is set in the range of 2 mm – 12 mm. Standard dimensions sheet 2050 x 3050 mm.
Country canopies made of polycarbonate with pitched roof, located separately, it is better to make using this material.
There is a third version of polycarbonate, profiled. But it is practically not used for making canopies.
Advantages of using polycarbonate
The demand for the material in question is explained by its inherent properties:
- Ease. Due to the insignificant weight of the sheet, the structures do not impose a serious additional load on load-bearing elements. Volumetric structures mounted using it (for example, a gable canopy made of polycarbonate) provide an increase in the actual area of light-transmitting surfaces and expansion of spans. At the same time, special lifting mechanisms not required for installation work. Sheet monolithic polycarbonate twice as light as glass, and cellular - almost six times. This reduces the required volumes of materials for arranging load-bearing structures and reduces the cost of work.
- Strength. Despite its lightness, the material is highly durable. The panels confidently withstand high mechanical loads, which is their undoubted advantage compared to glass. This is achieved by the presence of stiffeners and the special molecular structure of the material.
- Transparency. Cellular polycarbonate has a light transmittance of 85%, and monolithic - 90% (for the visible spectrum of radiation).
- High thermal insulation properties, sound insulation characteristics.
- Flexibility. The sheets are easily bent, which allows the installation of arched structures, vaults, canopies and polycarbonate canopies over the door, etc.
- Easy to care for. Natural fabric, water, detergent household products allow you to give the material pristine purity.
- Ease of processing.
- Ease of use.
- Safety.
- Significant resistance to high/low temperatures (-40°C/+120°C) and chemically aggressive substances.
Types of canopies
These designs are usually divided according to a number of parameters.
By configuration
Taking into account the purpose and location of construction, there are the following types awnings:
- Gable awnings;
- Combined type canopies;
- Structures, the construction of which requires installation that is highly complex;
- Semi-arched and arched canopies.
Expert opinion
Sergey Yurievich
Construction of houses, extensions, terraces and verandas.
Ask a question to an expertEach of the above types has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Pitched awnings
Shed options almost always represent a continuation of the existing roof. Capital hanging structures made of polycarbonate, due to its plasticity, are practically not made, except in those rare cases when materials of increased strength are used, supported by a significant number of pillars (supports). A gable canopy made of polycarbonate is quite expensive. This is explained by the many expensive elements that make up such a design.
Combined and complex canopies
Typically, such products are built according to individual design developments and are supplemented with decorative fragments and original architectural details. The design of a combined canopy can organically combine flat and arched areas. Similar designs are made in single copies, exclusively to order.
Semi-arched or arched canopy
In this option, the manufacture of a polycarbonate canopy requires the use of profile pipes bent to the desired radius. All dimensions (arch bend, profile length and cross-section, chord width) are calculated before work begins.
Canopies of these designs differ favorably from other options in that:
- have high rigidity;
- minimize wind loads;
- prevent snow accumulation.
The fact that the manufacture of polycarbonate canopies is most often carried out in an arched version is due to the increased strength of such structures. They are not subject to wind vibrations, are reliable and very durable. Despite the complexity of their construction and the significant cost of performing the work, these canopies are bestsellers.
By purpose
Taking into account the tasks that canopies will solve, they are divided into several groups.
Canopies mounted above the porch or entrance doors
These canopies are a full-fledged element of the architectural decor of the facade, solving a dual problem:
- protect from the effects of atmospheric factors (rain, snow, sun rays);
- increase the visual appeal of the building.
Based on the type of construction, polycarbonate door canopies are divided into:
- monolithic - canopies that create a single whole with the facade of the building. They are characterized by durability and strength;
- modular - have a number of prefabricated elements, are easy to install and are often equipped with side canopies.
The shape of the canopy that we make with our own hands is determined by the project given in the technical specifications and is limited solely by the preferences of the customer.
Based on the type of fastening, these structures are divided into:
- hanging;
- complete with supports.
First presented lightweight structures and have small dimensions. They are usually secured using special hangers.
The latter are fixed with special supports (vertical, in the floor, or corner, in the wall).
Canopies can be made to size to suit general sizes structure and customer preferences. In this case, the width of the canopy should be wider than the entrance door, at least 500 mm. And the installed supports should not interfere with the full opening of the door leaves.
Carports for vehicles
When deciding how to make a polycarbonate canopy that protects your car from bad weather, the design is selected taking into account a number of factors:
- Location (canopy adjacent to the house or a separate structure);
- Availability of free space;
- The number of cars that are planned to be covered;
- General design of the building and site.
The greatest demand for free standing canopies is arched shape roofs. This is explained by significant advantages:
- The structure is monolithic, there are no joints or gaps that need to be closed;
- Water and snow do not accumulate on roofs of this configuration;
- The arch and semi-arch look very advantageous.
When attached to a house with your own hands, sheds require less space and time to construct. One side is fixed on the wall of the house, the second rests on two or more columns (supports).
Typically, carports are pre-built with a concrete base designed to support the weight of the car. A polycarbonate canopy frame can have metal or wooden posts (depending on the overall design of the area and the main building). Options for construction from brick, natural stone or concrete are possible.
Shade canopies
These structures are installed when it is necessary to create shade in a specific area. The solution is perfect for gazebos, summer cafes, terraces and walking areas of kindergartens.
For such canopies, polycarbonate is selected, designed for transmittance ≤ 60% sunlight. Light metal or wooden frame structures are considered the optimal materials for them.
Pool covers
In terms of demand among solvent customers, canopies for swimming pools take second place after similar structures for cars. This is explained by a number of significant advantages that their owners receive:
- Water in indoor pools becomes polluted much more slowly, which allows you to significantly save on cleaning them;
- You can use the pool for its intended purpose in bad weather ( strong wind, rain);
- Bathers are protected from direct UV radiation, so they will not get sunburned;
- The cost of heating the water poured into the pool is reduced;
- The intensity of evaporation is reduced, which means that water needs to be added less frequently;
- The structure is protected from bad weather during the cold season.
Modern polycarbonate canopies for swimming pools are divided into:
- Stationary;
- Sliding or telescopic.
In the first case, your pool can safely be classified as indoor. Such structures have reliable foundations, monolithic roof and cover an area larger than the mirror of the pool. In fact, it is a separate building. It perfectly accommodates furniture for relaxation, a bar counter, etc., it can be electrified and supplied with heating.
In the second case, polycarbonate canopies over the pool are made in the form of a mobile structure, which extends only when necessary and can provide both complete and partial coverage of the pool surface.
In addition to these parameters, pool canopies can vary in the height of the roof. With the value of the mentioned characteristic being 1 meter, it plays a role protective structure, which covers communications and the pool mirror if necessary. If the distance to the ceiling exceeds 2 meters, this is already a full-fledged universal pavilion.
The installation of a polycarbonate canopy for these objects provides for giving them various shapes domes:
- Classic (visually represents a half-cylinder assembled from several sections);
- Rectangular;
- Complex shape;
- Trapezoid shape;
- The canopy can be made in an asymmetrical version.
Such polycarbonate buildings represent a metal frame covered with a translucent material, and fit perfectly into landscape design any style.
Canopies for terraces and balconies
Modern materials and technologies have made a polycarbonate canopy for a balcony or terrace one of the most acceptable options. This material is bright, strong and very durable.
Polycarbonate sheets are mounted on a lightweight metal frame. Awnings can be of any size and shape. And made from this material vertical walls visually make the balcony very attractive.
The decision to make a polycarbonate canopy with your own hands allows you to realize any designer’s plan. For example, turn the terrace into an attached winter garden.
conclusions
Both existing types of polycarbonate are the optimal and balanced solution in terms of the cost of the material, its quality and the cost of work for arranging canopies of any purpose and configuration.
Video instructions on how to build a polycarbonate canopy with your own hands
Availability on personal plots awnings testify not only to the good taste of the owners, but also to their desire to improve the comfort of rest and living. with your own hands it looks very original, gives the space an exclusive look, lasts a long time, can be used to create closed areas for various purposes. The appearance of polycarbonate among building materials has made it possible to create original designs with minimal loss of time and money, while the actual performance indicators far exceed previously used materials.
Construction work can be carried out in two ways:
- Installation of a polycarbonate canopy can be done with the help of specialized construction companies. Advantages: proper quality and speed of installation are guaranteed. Professional specialists provide assistance in design and calculations, provide advice on the optimal canopy option, taking into account physical characteristics soils, architectural features of the structure and climatic zone of residence. The disadvantage is that all services must be paid for; in some cases, the price may be equal to the cost of materials for making canopies. The technology can be seen in the video below.
- On one's own. If you have a little construction and installation experience, you can complete the work without involving third-party contractors. Advantages - the total estimated cost of construction is significantly reduced. Disadvantages - you need to have free time and have certain knowledge of how to build it yourself.
Physical and operational characteristics of polycarbonate
The use of modern equipment and innovative additives allows us to create materials with unique properties.
1. The light transmittance of transparent polycarbonate reaches 90%. The value may vary depending on the availability of mineral dyes of different shades. Thanks to greater transparency, it is possible to save electrical energy for lighting. Canopies can be used to arrange flower beds, greenhouses, etc. The development of plants under canopies is no different from development in open areas.
Light transmittance of polycarbonate 90%
2. High levels of mechanical strength. The material is plastic, which allows it to absorb sudden dynamic loads without cracks. It does not have the effect of residual deformation; after removing the load, it completely restores its linear dimensions and geometric shape.
3. Excellent mechanical strength in relation to specific gravity. Polycarbonate has special stiffening ribs, which increases bending resistance. The impact resistance is an order of magnitude higher than glass. It can be standard one- or two-chamber, reinforced, four-chamber.
Single chamber polycarbonate sheet 
Double chamber polycarbonate sheet 
Four chamber polycarbonate sheet
4. Low specific gravity makes it possible to achieve noticeable savings on foundations and load-bearing structures.
5. Innovative additives make it immune to harsh ultraviolet radiation. The strength of intermolecular bonds remains unchanged throughout the entire period of operation - microcracks do not appear, and the values of strength and stability do not deteriorate.
6. High ductility allows the use of materials at temperatures down to -50°C, strength indicators do not deteriorate at temperatures up to +115°C.
7. A wide range of by thickness, slab sizes and color schemes. Enables designers to correctly implement their most daring projects.
8. Service life exceeds 25 years. Polycarbonate has excellent technological characteristics, it is easy to cut and process with ordinary tools. During use, the amount of unproductive waste is minimized.
The following canopies can be made using polycarbonate:
- A canopy over a balcony, loggia or entrance door. Prevents the ingress of precipitation, reliably protects from wind and direct sun rays.
- Carport for one or more cars. By using a canopy, you can avoid construction capital garage, the car is protected from rust, the interior trim does not fade.
- Patio canopy or open gazebo. The comfort of rest increases, and the labor costs for maintaining cleanliness in the building are reduced.
- Canopy over the pool. The time for taking water procedures increases.
Balcony canopy Multi-car canopy Patio canopy Pool canopy
Rules for choosing material for canopies The reliability of the structure depends on the correct choice of material thickness. The thicker the sheets, the more load they can withstand, the simpler the metal supporting structure can be. Which polycarbonate is best for a canopy?
The length of the panels is 6 and 12 m. To connect individual panels together, a special aluminum profile is used, the standard length is 6 meters. The profile can be one-piece (the panels are inserted into the technological grooves on both sides) or detachable. Detachable has a universal purpose and can be used on various types of structures. It consists of upper and lower clamping parts, tightened together with special screws. Used on panels of various thicknesses, it is possible manual adjustment compression forces. If the panels have been reduced in thickness for some reason, the profile can be screwed tighter and leaks in the connections can be eliminated.
The ends must be covered with an end profile; before closing, the honeycombs are sealed with silicone. This prevents the growth of microorganisms, moss and mold in the cavities. Such microorganisms significantly worsen the appearance of the structure. In some cases, they can have a negative impact on the amount of light transmitted, which is one of the disadvantages of polycarbonate canopies.
Canopy not covered with profile 
End profile for polycarbonate
To fix polycarbonate sheets to metal or wooden frames, special self-tapping screws with rubber gaskets are used. How to make a canopy is shown in the video. The heads of the screws can be covered with decorative caps. Support frame for a canopy can be made from square and round pipes, angles, I-beams, channels or wooden beams, sizes are selected taking into account maximum loads, area and type of canopy roof.
Which is better – polycarbonate or corrugated sheeting for a canopy? There is no clear answer. The corrugated sheet is made of sheet steel and can withstand increased loads. But polycarbonate has universal application, installation of a polycarbonate canopy is more economical.
Stages of canopy design Sketch design You need to start building canopies with your own hands by drawing up preliminary design load-bearing structures. To do this, you should have theoretical knowledge of calculating maximum loads in structural units, and calculate each element for bending and compression. The maximum wind and snow loads are taken into account, the types of roof and the angle of inclination of the slopes are determined.
Types of truss system for canopies Depending on the engineering features and specific operating conditions, the canopy can be:
- Single slope inclined. The slope angle is at least 12°, the structures are used for the construction of small structures, the simplest canopy. Model No. 3
- Dome. Round or elongated. Can withstand significant snow loads, has original designer look. During the manufacture of the frame, all dimensions must be accurately maintained; in terms of execution, it is a complex option. Model No. 6
- Arched. The length is selected individually and is used to cover small heights. Model No. 4
- Gable. Universal-purpose structures are used for the construction of large-sized canopies. Model No. 2
After determining the roof types, you need to start designing the foundations
Types of foundations The low weight of the structures allows the use of the simplest and cheapest foundations. Due to this, construction time is significantly reduced and its cost is reduced. Taking into account the physical characteristics of the soil and the possible load for canopies, the following foundations can be used:
Screw piles. Metal piles are screwed into the ground according to the plan of the pile field (watch the video). The depth and diameter are selected individually. The ends of the piles are leveled horizontally and welded to them metal platforms for fastening vertical supports awnings The advantage is that foundations can be completely prepared within one day; they can be used in any climatic zones and on any soil, including swampy ones. They have positive user reviews. It is not necessary to make grillages for awnings.
Greenhouse on screw piles
Columnar. The depth is approximately 60 cm; a sand cushion is poured to compensate for swelling forces. Dimensions around the perimeter are no more than 40x40 cm. They can be made of concrete (reinforced or unreinforced), cement blocks or ready-made factory structures. Advantages - the most low cost, there is no need to level the site. Manufacturing time, taking into account concrete hardening, is no more than 14 days.
Load-bearing support buried 60cm in the ground
Shallow-depth tape. Used for large heavy structures, allow installation for awnings side walls for protection from wind, snow and rain. In terms of cost, they belong to the expensive category; production time is at least three weeks.
Shallow foundation
The choice of foundation can have a significant impact on the cost of the structure; when making a decision, the maximum number of factors should be taken into account.
Load-bearing vertical supports Made from round and square pipes, long products or wooden beams. With their help you can build wooden canopy. They are installed on foundations and serve to fix the canopy rafter system. During manufacturing, height and possible forces are taken into account. The distance between the trusses and supports should take into account the total area of the canopy.
Technology of assembly and installation of the structure The assembly of the structure begins with the installation of vertical supports on ready-made foundations. When pouring concrete, anchor bolts are installed in them; the distance between them must correspond to the distance between the holes in the lower platform of the supports. The vertical position of each pore is constantly monitored; deviation of the vertices in any direction is prohibited. The distance between the supports corresponds to the length of the roof elements. Assembly can be done welded seams(not collapsible version) or using hardware (collapsible version). A dismountable polycarbonate canopy with your own hands allows you, if necessary, to dismantle the structure and install it in a new place. After dismantling, all structures retain their original performance and are ready for re-installation without prior preparation.
Concreting racks 
Fastening racks with anchor bolts 
Fastening arches
If the canopy is made on industrial enterprise, then it has working drawings for installation, each part is numbered, its position in the assembly and the method of fixation are indicated. Self-production metal structures canopy installation requires care and compliance with existing industry requirements and building codes.
After installation, the canopy elements are checked for compliance with their position; the assembly stages involve gradual fastening of the structures. If deformations occur, the cause is determined and eliminated. Before screwing the polycarbonate onto the canopy, stability tests should be performed. During testing, structures are loaded with forces twice as high as designed. Due to this, a safety factor is achieved, long-term and safe operation canopy
How to attach polycarbonate to a metal canopy frame The sheets are cut with an eclectic jigsaw, a grinder with a thin cutting disc or a mounting knife. The specific tool is selected depending on the thickness of the material. Installation of polycarbonate begins on one side; only after the previous sheet has been completely fixed can the next one begin to be fixed. For fastening, special self-tapping screws with rubber washers are used. The washers seal the coating, compensate for differences in changes in the linear dimensions of materials due to thermal expansion, and prevent the appearance of microcracks. The screws should be tightened carefully to avoid damaging the surfaces. If desired, the heads of the screws can be covered with decorative caps.
The voids at the ends of polycarbonate sheets must be sealed. Otherwise, in a few years moss and mold will begin to grow in them, not only their appearance, but also their performance characteristics will deteriorate. When attaching sheets, pay attention to the front and back sides. Laying polycarbonate on a canopy is done only with the front side, it has special protection from the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays, the correct installation is indicated on the packaging of each sheet. During production it is covered with a protective plastic film, which contains instructions and drawings. It is recommended to remove it before installing the sheet on seat. Otherwise, the screws will hold the film, and in these places it will not come off, but will tear. There will be pieces left that are very difficult to remove. Besides, protective film it is much easier to remove when the sheet is on the ground. If it is installed on a canopy, then the work becomes much more complicated.
Practical advice
- It is strictly forbidden to bend the polycarbonate sheet across the honeycomb. Adhere to this rule not only during installation of the canopy, but also during transportation or storage of materials.
- There is no need to specially drill holes for self-tapping screws; this operation is performed simultaneously on the sheet and frame.
- Always consider the safety factor during design. You should not use the most thin sheets. As practice shows, premature repairs are much more expensive than purchasing durable polycarbonate.
- Don't work alone. This is not only difficult and dangerous, but also has a negative impact on the quality of installation.
- Strictly follow safety rules, do not rush, work carefully. Take special care when working with power tools.
Compliance with the recommended rules ensures that the installation will be carried out taking into account building codes, the canopy will be reliable and serve a long period time.
Video instructions for installing a polycarbonate canopy with your own hands
The construction of a residential building on the site does not mean the completion of all work; over time, signs appear around the main building. outbuildings, in most cases built by hand. A lean-to polycarbonate canopy is at the same time a simple and multifunctional structure that can be used as a gazebo, covered parking for a car, a place to store firewood and for various household needs.
Polycarbonate coating allows you to get a structure with a modern appearance at low financial costs.
Features of polycarbonate
Polycarbonate belongs to the group of modern high-tech materials made on the basis of polymer plastic. This material has a cellular structure, transmits light well, and can be colorless, colored or patterned. A polycarbonate canopy is perfect solution for an extension to a house or a separate structure.
The popularity of the material is ensured by the following advantages:
- A light weight. A sheet of polycarbonate weighs 7-8 times less than a sheet of glass of the same size. This allows it to be used in the construction of structures that do not require a solid foundation.
- Good flexibility. You can bend the material without pre-treatment and without the use of special devices, which makes it possible to create various arched structures, including a round polycarbonate canopy.
- Ability to transmit light. About 90% of natural light passes through polycarbonate, while the material creates reliable protection from ultraviolet rays. Therefore, under such a canopy it is always light and comfortable.
- High strength characteristics. Load bearing capacity and impact resistance of the coating are at a high level, far exceeding similar properties of glass. The cellular structure of the polycarbonate coating allows it to withstand significant snow caps or hail impacts.
In addition, polycarbonate is characterized by excellent sound insulation properties and a long service life, about a quarter of a century.
Do-it-yourself installation of a lean-to canopy
The lean-to canopy has enough simple design, which allows you to do the installation work yourself. The main elements of this type of building are: support pillars, roof trusses, lathing and polycarbonate itself. Construction stores offer ready-made kits for assembly, but you can make a drawing yourself.
However, when drawing up a project for a polycarbonate lean-to canopy with your own hands, it is very important to take into account the following:
- Slope angle. This parameter is determined depending on climatic conditions terrain. In regions where it falls a large number of precipitation, the slope of the canopy should be 35-45 degrees. In this case, the risk of roof destruction from snow mass becomes minimal. In regions where gusty winds prevail, it is better to build canopies with a slope of 20-25 degrees. For central Russia the best option There will be canopies with a slope of 30-35 degrees.
- Material for making sheathing. Elements of the canopy rafter system can be made of wood or profiled pipe. Before installation, it is recommended to protect the wood with an antiseptic solution and paint it with paint, since wood is easily exposed to moisture. Concerning metal sheathing, then in this case the canopy will be lighter and more durable.
- Type of polycarbonate. Polycarbonate can have different colors and structures; construction stores offer sheets in large assortment. When constructing gazebos and canopies, polycarbonate sheets in green or blue colors are used; cool shades make you feel cool and fresh.
- Canopy location. A lean-to structure can be attached to the house, or it can be separate. In the first case, it becomes possible to save some money due to the absence of support posts. In addition, the extension is protected from the wind on one side.
The trusses of a canopy with one slope are made in the shape of a triangle, the base of which corresponds to the width of the canopy, and the hypotenuse corresponds to the length of the slope. Lathing laid in increments of no more than 50 cm helps prevent damage and deflection of polycarbonate. In the same way, you can build a shed for firewood, which will not seem out of place near the house.
Step-by-step installation
You can solve the question of how to cover a canopy with polycarbonate with your own hands within one day, and this can be done by one person or with an assistant. The structure is assembled using standard set tools: screwdriver, welding machine, grinder or hacksaw.
Direct installation of a polycarbonate canopy with your own hands is carried out according to the following scheme:
- They prepare the construction site by removing debris and large vegetation and leveling the surface with sand, soil or gravel.
- Make markings for the future structure, marking with pegs the locations of the supports.
- Next, holes are made for the pillars; if the canopy is of small size, then there should be at least four pillars. A larger structure will require more posts.
- A mixture of sand and gravel is poured into the bottom of the prepared holes, supports are placed and concrete is poured. To ensure the required slope of the slope, the supports on one side must be lower.
- The upper parts of the pillars are connected by piping from a profile pipe. The strapping elements are secured by welding or special brackets.
- Rafter trusses are assembled on the ground, and then they are lifted up and welded to the framing elements.
- The sheathing is fixed to the rafters.
- Polycarbonate is cut into pieces of a certain size, holes for fasteners are drilled using a drill, then attached to the frame using thermal washers.
- A special profile is installed at the joints.
After welding, the seams on the polycarbonate lean-to canopy frame are cleaned and coated with a layer of primer. Metal elements painted with special compounds. The edges of the polycarbonate are glued with reinforced tape.
What is the secret of the popularity of polycarbonate canopies? Why is this material chosen more often than others? Is it really all about the low cost, or are there other features that are worth knowing about? How not to make a mistake when choosing a canopy for your home for the first time? What might this design look like, and why is it needed at all? We have prepared for you all the necessary information about canopies and canopies made of polycarbonate, and also selected 50 of the best photo examples!
Order a canopy?
There are promotional carport prices - turnkey carport 3.6 x 6.3 = 63,000 rubles!!!
turnkey carport for 2 cars 5.7 x 6.3 = 128,000 rubles!!!
The required welding is performed during production using shielding gas, ensuring high quality welded joints.
Painting is also carried out at the factory. High-temperature drying of the painted layer ensures high strength and quality of the protective street coating.
The strength of our structures is ensured by correct load calculations (all calculations comply with the current standard).
Production and delivery times for ordered structures are within 2 weeks. Installation of the structure takes one to two days.
| Canopy No. | roof canopy size, w*d | size according to outer pillars, w*d | 3d sketch with dimensions | covered area | canopy price, including installation and delivery (turnkey) | |
| the width of the canopies is 3.4 m. | ||||||
| 3 | 3,4 * 5,3 | 3,0 * 5,0 | 18 | 61 490 | ||
| 4 | 3,4 * 6,3 | 3,0 * 6,0 | 21,6 | 69 190 | ||
| 5 | 3,4 * 7,4 | 3,0 * 7,1 | 25,2 | 77 990 | ||
| 6 | 3,4 * 8,5 | 3,0 * 8,2 | 28,8 | 82 390 | ||
| 7 | 3,4 * 9,5 | 3,0 * 9,0 | 32,5 | 92 290 | ||
| the width of the canopies is 4.4 m. | ||||||
| 16 | 4,4 * 3,2 | 4,0 * 2,9 | 14 | 46 090 | ||
| 17 | 4,4 * 4,2 | 4,0 * 3,9 | 18,5 | 60 390 | ||
| 18 | 4,4 * 5,3 | 4,0 * 5,0 | 23,2 | 71 390 | ||
| 19 | 4,4 * 6,3 | 4,0 * 6,0 | 27,7 | 80 190 | ||
| 20 | 4,4 * 7,4 | 4,0 * 7,1 | 32,4 | 92 290 | ||
| 21 | 4,4 * 8,5 | 4,0 * 8,2 | 37 | 104 390 | ||
| 22 | 4,4 * 9,5 | 4,0 * 9,0 | 41,7 | 115 390 | ||
| 23 | 4,4 * 10,6 | 4,0 * 10,0 | 46,3 | 120 890 | ||
Why people choose polycarbonate
Let's figure out what this material is. Polycarbonate is a hard polymer plastic. It is widely used not only in construction, but also for the production of lenses, compact discs, and computer parts.
May be:
Cellular polycarbonate is several thin plates connected to each other by jumpers. In cross section, the sheet is divided into cells, and the air in them provides good thermal insulation properties material.
Monolithic polycarbonate is a continuous sheet of polymer without voids or cells. It's universal construction material, which has excellent light transmittance and can replace ordinary glass.
Among the advantages of the material it is worth highlighting:
- Affordable price. Polycarbonate is cheaper than metal, glass and wood.
- Light weight for easy installation. Cellular polycarbonate is 16 times lighter than glass.
- Fire safety. Does not ignite and does not contribute to the spread of fire.
- Resistant to temperature changes. Polycarbonate tolerates operation well in the temperature range from -40 to +120 degrees Celsius.
- Reliability and durability. A properly made canopy from this material will serve you for decades.
- Flexibility and plasticity. You can create designs of various design shapes.
- Variety of colors. Polycarbonate is available in all possible colors, which makes it possible to choose a material that fits perfectly into the style of the building.
- Easy to care for. To clean the cover of the canopy from dirt, you do not need expensive detergents. It washes well with regular soapy water.
It is not surprising that with such a quantity useful properties, polycarbonate is so popular as a material for building sheds. Let's figure out what a canopy for a house can be like?
Canopy over the entrance
The canopy above the entrance serves to protect the porch from rain, snow and other unfavorable factors. It can be attached to the building on suspensions or installed on additional supports. The frame material is wood, steel or aluminum.
Polycarbonate canopies on a forged frame look very beautiful and interesting. Floral motifs, complex geometric shapes forged elements give the appearance of the visor luxury and chic. Such designs fit well into the style of ancient buildings and classic private houses.
A polycarbonate canopy over the entrance not only perfectly fulfills its main function, but also serves as a harmonious addition to the exterior, and in some cases - bright accent, which can completely change the visual perception of the appearance of the house. Thanks to the variety of colors, the material can be perfectly matched to the color of the building.
Carport
The advantages of building a carport for a house are obvious:
When designing such a structure, the dimensions of your car are taken into account, and a part of the building is selected that is convenient to drive up to.
Cozy terrace
A common option for installing a polycarbonate canopy to a house is to create a terrace for summer holiday. It can be placed directly in front of the main entrance or on the side of the building. Tables and chairs are installed, the high fire safety of the material allows you to place a barbecue on such a terrace.
And this is another example of how a variety of colors allows you to make perfect design to your taste. It is very pleasant to be under a completely transparent roof during warm summer rain. They say that you can watch the flowing drops of water endlessly. The tinted coating will protect from bright sunlight and ultraviolet radiation. Interesting effect illumination is created by bright sheets of colored polycarbonate.
Wood is environmentally friendly natural material which has a pleasant smell
Where to order a canopy?
There are people who do not trust masters in anything, believing that doing it yourself is easier and cheaper. But this option is only good for those who are professional in construction, clearly know all the technology of the process, and besides, can buy materials from friends cheaper than in hardware store or on the market. What are others at risk:
This is why you should trust professionals! The company Canopy Master has been engaged in canopies, canopies, gazebos and greenhouses for 12 years. Our arsenal includes hundreds of successfully completed projects, the quality of which is confirmed by their service life.
The best craftsmen, who not only know and love their work, but also treat it with the utmost responsibility, will make you a canopy according to individual order in just 2-4 weeks. You will be pleasantly surprised by the daily help of a competent person who will answer all your questions.
Don't waste your time and energy. By ordering the product today, you can enjoy a great vacation in the near future.
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