How to make a canopy over a porch (61 photos): creating a beautiful entrance to the house. Canopies made of polycarbonate: a variety of shapes and designs Lean canopy made of wood

You can easily create it on your own, armed with simple knowledge about technological processes. What should the canopy be like over the porch?

• A strong defender entrance area from weather surprises.
• Stylish and handsome, creating originality in the style of the porch.

In the manufacture of any interior detail, it is important to take into account not just your own preferences. An entrance canopy requires good durability and practicality. To make a reliable canopy over the porch with your own hands, we will proceed according to plan:

• Let's choose the material of manufacture.
• Let's decide on the shape and design of the canopy.

• We will install the structure taking into account the working nuances.

Material is everything

The construction market pleases with its diversity roofing material, and we just have to study specifications and choose the best offer.

Polycarbonate

Modern buyers most often choose this material. Beautiful, translucent polycarbonate visors have a number of advantages. They:

• Resistant to temperatures (operating range is from -60° C to +110° C).
• Flexible. Polycarbonate is flexible; this feature makes it easy to design any shape of a future canopy.

• Shockproof. Plastic canopies over the porch perfectly withstand falling icicles, lumps of snow, hailstones and heavy rain.
• Fireproof. This visor is not afraid of fire - it is fireproof.

But this beautiful material, produced in a diverse color palette, also has disadvantages. Polycarbonate does not tolerate UV radiation well. If you do not cover it with a protective layer, your canopy will become cloudy after 1.5-2 years and lose its aesthetic qualities.

Metal

Inexpensive, budget option. It’s true that working with metal sheets is more difficult than working with polycarbonate. Not everyone knows how to use welding machine, although welding can be replaced with mounting bolts. The metal canopy over the porch is durable, reliable, but also demanding. It will need to be protected from corrosion and more time spent on maintenance.

Metal tiles

The excellent appearance of this material distinguishes it from its analogues. The canopy over the porch has an unlimited service life. It is easy to install, lightweight, durable and does not require additional maintenance. Metal tiles look great with any type of frame. And from the outside, such a visor will look very representative and chic.

Advice! If you make the canopy structure at the same time as covering the house, all work will be easier and cheaper. After all frame base can be made from residual materials.

But metal tiles also have disadvantages. It does not have sound insulation (if you like the sound of rain, this will only benefit you). IN summer heat such material will become very hot, although this is not significant for the visor located above the heads.

Corrugated sheet

A very popular material that has the same advantages as metal tiles. It is easier to work with it, since the corrugated sheets have large area. The popularity of the material is explained by its affordability and ease of installation. A canopy over a porch made of corrugated sheets is practical and will serve you for a long time without additional painting.

Keep in mind that corrugated sheets are mechanically weak material and even a small impact will remain noticeable on its surface. But you can always choose a thicker one for your favorite porch sheet metal, with a pre-applied polymer protective layer.

Choosing a design

Our front door canopies should combine style and functionality. When choosing a design, consider the size of the canopy and the direction of the drain.

Stylish design of the main entrance to a private house sometimes creates a much stronger impression than the cottage itself. One of the most important tasks when equipping a general architectural style The building has a canopy over the porch. In the same time spectacular design– is far from the only function assigned to the visor. Its main task is to ensure protection of the front entrance from external adverse factors.

Regulatory Requirements

The canopy over the porch is not just part of the roof, it is an architectural component that responsible for a number important conditions comfortable and safe living in the house.

• Helps ensure the greatest comfort when entering living spaces, allowing you to shake off raindrops from clothes and an umbrella or remove snow from your shoes while still on the porch.
• Provides maximum reliability– a properly constructed canopy can withstand not only the weight of falling precipitation, but also all kinds of loaches, for example, wild grapes, which is often used to decorate the main entrance to the house.

• Forms effective drainage. This is very important for preserving the integrity of the entire facade of the building, which is why modern canopies over the porch include special engineering communications - water, flowing down the canopy, is poured into a storage tank and through an equipped liquid outflow system is discharged outside the residential building.
• Performs a decorative function. A stylish canopy of an unusual shape can become the main accent, emphasizing the unique architecture of the building, a bright note that gives the entire design completeness and conceptuality.

So that the canopy over the door serves faithfully long years and did not require repairs after a couple of years, it must meet basic technological requirements:

• the visor must withstand heavy loads and pressure - weight should be taken into account when calculating snow mass, which falls on the canopy from the roof, as well as the dimensions of green spaces, which often wrap around the structure;
• optimally if the structure effectively protects not only the porch itself, but also front door in a buiding;

• A prerequisite for the effectiveness of the design is the equipment of a water drainage system, as a rule, it is carried out in the form storage tank, storm sewer or gutter;
• the design of the canopy must be in harmony with the overall architectural appearance of the building, taking into account the peculiarities of its style and color scheme.

More precise requirements for canopies are established by current GOSTs and SNiPs, namely:

• canopies and canopies must be installed above each entrance, main or secondary, as well as on the doors of bathhouses and outbuildings;
• canopies should be made only from materials that are resistant to combustion;
• as finishing materials it is recommended to use those approved by sanitary authorities;
• canopies must withstand a load of at least 200 kg/m2.

Kinds

Awnings are performed in the most various options, but any configuration requires general compliance with a single stylistic decision exterior, therefore, when developing a canopy project, you should take into account any detail, trifle, nuance. As a rule, one of the following forms is chosen to construct a canopy.

• Flat canopy– most often used when decorating a country house or facade in a rustic or, for example, shabby chic style; to do this, you just need to put together several boards with each other and stylishly decorate them with decorative materials.

• Dome- is different original design, however, this is by no means the only advantage of this configuration. The undoubted advantage of such a coating is its compactness; the surface of such a visor occupies a smaller area than other types of options, however, it covers the same area. This means that much less materials are required for arranging the canopy, which leads to significant savings.

• Arched and semi-arched forms– such canopies are called “awnings”, they are very economical, because very little materials are spent on their arrangement. Such models are distinguished by natural drainage, and in addition they can withstand the pressure of snow masses.
• Gable canopy- the simplest design, which at the same time provides complete drainage.

• Three-slope option– organically combined with multi-pitched roofs, characterized by increased strength and wear resistance.
• Concave visor– a canopy of an unusual shape, which can become a stylish accent of the architectural concept.

Materials

Perhaps there are practically no restrictions on the materials from which the visor can be made. For a stylish canopy, metal, plastic, tiles and many others can be used modern materials. Let's take a closer look at each of them.

Polycarbonate

This material is widely used in the creation of canopies and canopies, as well as for the construction of fences. winter gardens and gazebos.

The use of polycarbonate for arranging a canopy has a number of advantages:

• The material is transparent, diffuses effectively ultraviolet radiation, supporting safe level normal illumination;
• polycarbonate is a durable composition that does not break or crack under powerful gusts of wind and pressure from snow masses;
• the substance is fire-resistant, it does not change its shade under the influence of direct sun rays, does not rot, rust or deform;

• the surface of polycarbonate is considered an environment unfavorable for mold growth, dangerous fungus and insects;
• the material is flexible, so it allows you to mount the visors of the most various forms, including semicircular and corner options;
• The modern market offers a wide selection of polycarbonate of various shades and plate thicknesses, thanks to which everyone can choose exactly the option that will best suit the design and overall style of the house.

The disadvantages of the material include poor resistance to ultraviolet radiation. That is why manufacturers coat it with special compounds, without which the canopy may become cloudy after a short time and deteriorate its performance characteristics.

Plastic

PVC plates are often used to equip an effective canopy over the porch. It should be noted that the consumer properties of plastic are similar to polycarbonate, however, its cost is several times lower. In addition, the material is lightweight, which greatly facilitates its installation. The disadvantage is a rather poor range of colors and fading in the sun, however, this drawback is successfully mitigated by multi-colored films that are sold in any hardware store.

Metal

A stainless steel visor is considered a relatively budget option. However, its construction requires at least minimal welding skills. If similar experience is absent altogether, then you can use nuts and bolts and rivets, although in this case it is necessary to periodically check the strength of the connections.

The stainless steel canopy is durable and highly durable, it is resistant to mechanical damage and temperature changes. Such a canopy can protect the main entrance for for long years. Disadvantages include large dimensions and the need for regular anti-corrosion treatment.

Profiled sheet

This material is considered a good alternative to metal, as it combines its strength and durability with manufacturability modern processing. Such materials are coated on both sides with a layer of special protective polymers, which significantly increase its resistance to adverse external atmospheric factors and have an anti-corrosion effect.

In addition, the profiled sheet is produced in a fairly wide range color scheme and texture. Therefore, home owners can not only choose desired shade, but also, for example, to emphasize the texture of wood or imitate masonry, or structure brick covering. In addition, this material is simpler than steel.

The disadvantages include the following:

• corrugated sheets do not transmit the light of the sun, so such materials should not be used when equipping spherical canopies;
• The corrugated sheet has relatively low impact resistance - in the event of, for example, hail, the integrity of the visor will not be compromised, but marks from impacts will remain.

Forging

Separately, it is worth paying attention to this type of metal visors, such as forged ones. These awnings are always extremely luxurious and elegant. They fit perfectly into exteriors decorated in classic style, demonstrates the taste and status of the owners of the mansion.

Of course, forging is very expensive. However, in order to give the entrance a noble look, it is not at all necessary to build an entirely forged canopy; it is enough to add a few decorative elements that can transform it before your eyes. general form buildings.

The lack of material is associated with its installation. It is impossible to make such a canopy yourself, and it is better to entrust its fixation to the hands of professionals - otherwise the entire structure may simply collapse in winter under the weight of snow masses.

Tree

A peculiar material that is not suitable for every home. Wood canopies should be used when arranging houses made of natural wood, made of rough stone or brick. The advantages of wood are its environmental friendliness and safety. However, this material is afraid of water and fire, mold and fungi may appear in it, and insects often make their burrows in such structures.

That is why a wood canopy should be regularly treated with special fungicides and fire retardants, which allow the material to withstand all unfavorable factors external environment.

Metal tiles

Many designers do not consider the use of metal tiles a suitable option for arranging a porch, since it is a rather bulky covering.

However, the consumer properties of such canopies are extremely high:

• they are resistant to mechanical damage;
• resistant to temperature changes and exposure to direct sunlight;
• have long term services;
• differ in decorative design.

Very often, metal tiles are replaced with bitumen tiles - they are much lighter, and in addition, they perfectly absorb sounds, which means they create additional sound insulation. This coating is often used in the countryside due to its low cost and ease of installation.

Glass

This material is used very rarely; it is not suitable for every home and not every family. Glass looks harmonious in homes furnished in a minimalist style; in all other cases, preference should be given to other materials. Well, besides, in families, for example, with children, it is better to refrain from using glass visors, since such a product may be damaged during active games with a ball and racket.

Design

General principles porch canopy designs are based on the combination of the canopy with the overall stylistic concept of the building facade, as well as with the tasks that you assign to the canopy. If you need the structure only to effectively protect the porch from wind and precipitation, then it is better to choose the simplest and most inexpensive canopy, as they say, “clean and tidy.” Such coatings are most often made of polycarbonate or metal profiles, however, other materials can also be used. The only thing that matters is the compatibility of color and design style with general finishing facade of the building and its color scheme.

Sometimes there is a need to design the visor in some special design– Russian, classical, hi-tech, half-timbered or chalet. For example, for log house A wooden opaque canopy would be appropriate, fully consistent with the style of a traditional Russian hut. However, a forged visor would be appropriate here.

When implementing high-tech ideas, you can use polycarbonate or glass, metal will emphasize the gothic style, and metal tiles will emphasize the classics.

Since the canopy is a fairly significant component of the entire facade of the building, it should represent a single architectural ensemble with the porch itself, railings and steps. In addition, the canopy can be decorated separately decorative elements, for which lanterns and flowerpots are most often used. Sometimes a closed space is equipped with a canopy, which can be used as a recreation area.

Drawings and projects

Canopy construction required mandatory preparation drawing future design, the calculations are based on:

• the selected material, which should not only fit harmoniously into the overall design of the building, but also have a sufficient degree of strength and stability;
• type of canopy - flat, single-pitched, gable, arched, etc.;
• dimensions of the visor - its length, width and depth;
• location - the design for awnings over the main and emergency exits, as a rule, differs significantly.

Key points to consider when drawing up a drawing:

• the width of the canopy should be 50 cm larger than the doorway;
• The optimal angle of inclination for a pitched canopy is 20 degrees.

A drawing is really necessary when equipping a canopy. It will not only help you correctly perform all the necessary installation work, but will also allow you to calculate the required amount of materials.

How to do it yourself?

At first it may seem that building a canopy is very simple - nail the frame and lay down the main material. In practice, this is far from the case: installation can be done independently, but this requires at least minimal skills and experience in working with construction and facing materials. Of course, if you just want it to “not drip on your head,” then nails and a hammer will be enough. But for the visor to provide effective protection and was a stylish architectural element, you should carefully consider all stages of the work, take care of a strong frame and choose the optimal shape.

The process will be much easier if the master has a ready-made sketch in his hands. Even if it was compiled with your own hands, it will in any case reflect all the pros and cons of the project.

Depending on the material used and working area, you can choose one of the following types fastenings:

• Suspended – fixation is carried out on special suspensions located just above the visor. This option is optimal for lightweight materials, for example, polycarbonate and corrugated sheets.
• Wall-mounted – mounted to the wall using supports.
• Supporting - contains “pillars” that rest against the foundation or the porch itself. This design is suitable for large visors.

At the first stage, a frame is constructed, most often it is made of metal pipe, having a triangular cross-section. To begin with, cut pieces of rolled metal the right size, and then weld them to each other in accordance with the diagram: first I mount the U-shaped base of the frame, and then attach the basic elements.

Most often, the frame is made on the ground; in rare cases, additional components are welded onto the base, which is already suspended from the facade.

Total number lintels during the construction of the frame largely depend on the material used, so if the canopy is made of corrugated sheets, then the slats should be spaced in increments of 30 cm. At the final stage of arranging the frame, the cornice film is attached, as well as elements of the drainage system (gutters and pipes).

Making straight visors is not particularly difficult. It is much more difficult to create arched structures.

To make wavy canopies, pipes are cut with a very large margin, and then bent with a gas wrench or a special pipe bender. If you don’t have such tools in your home workshop, then we can recommend an ordinary grinder; it makes cuts along the entire surface of the pipe in increments of 30–40 cm, along which the pipe is bent until the required rounding is achieved, and then the cut areas are welded.

If the visor is planned to be mounted from heavy materials, then the frame of the canopy structure should be additionally equipped with stops that stretch from the outer corner of the canopy to the wall at an angle.

The next step is to drill holes with which the frame will be attached to the wall. Usually the visors are fixed at the top and bottom on both sides - that is, there are 4 attachment points. However, if we're talking about O metal canopies, then it is worth increasing the number of fasteners.

• additional bars are attached obliquely to the horizontal beam on both sides, which will become the frame for laying the outer covering;
• if the canopy has large dimensions, then the sheathing is first laid on the beams and only then the main roofing material;
• Let’s immediately make a reservation that on the basis of a wooden frame it is possible to construct canopies with straight, laconic geometry. It is not possible to install wavy and spherical canopy options.

Traditionally, canopies made of metal or corrugated sheets are made by professionals. They can independently install canopies made of corrugated sheets or plastic. The material is attached to the frame using steel screws and thermal washers. To do this, a hole is drilled on the main covering, through which it will be held on the frame. In this case, it is mandatory to make a rubber or silicone layer. Thermal washers should not be screwed in too tightly, as the sheets should be able to move slightly.

It is difficult to imagine that the porch of a house was not protected from rain, snow and sun. Usually a canopy or canopy is built over it, which allows you to open the door without standing on the porch in the pouring rain, eliminates the need to clear snow and decorates the entrance to a private house. Such visors are made from the most different materials, including polycarbonate, known for its wide range of applications. How to make a polycarbonate canopy over a porch?

Which polycarbonate to choose

Polycarbonate is widely used to create roofs, canopies, greenhouses, and translucent structures. The advantages of this material include:

• ease,
• strength,
• ease of installation, processing, maintenance,
• the ability to bend quite easily, arched structures can be built from this material,
• resistance to corrosion, fungi and mold,
• good thermal insulation properties,
• variety of colors and color fastness.

Both cellular and monolithic polycarbonate are suitable for the visor. Cellular is best used for curved, arched structures, monolithic for straight ones. Cellular polycarbonate must be at least 0.6 cm thick.

Monolithic polycarbonate resembles glass in appearance, but is stronger; the light transmittance of transparent monolithic material is higher than that of plexiglass and plexiglass. It is lighter than glass, but heavier than cellular polycarbonate. It can be used for various purposes.

Cellular polycarbonate looks like two or more polymer sheets that are connected by edges, causing voids to form inside the material. This type bends easier, retains heat well, and differs in the shape of the cells. Cellular polycarbonate diffuses light, especially matte versions.

Important! If you want to make an arch-shaped canopy, keep in mind that polycarbonate has a minimum bending radius. The sheets should not be bent more strongly.

Both types of material are produced different colors and with UV protection. Tinted material, as in the photo, will protect not only from precipitation, but also from the hot sun. There are also varieties with anti-abrasive protection that are difficult to scratch. This is important because the UV protection coating of regular polycarbonate is often damaged, for example, when clearing snow.

Types of canopies

The canopy and canopy are similar structures. Traditionally, a canopy is a type that is attached to the wall and does not have additional supports, and a canopy is one that is located on two or four supports. Sometimes these words are used as synonyms, so the canopy can be suspended, as in the photo.

You can also make a canopy with supports attached to the wall. There may also be a canopy over the porch of a private house in the form of a separate extension, supported by columns or pillars - this is already a permanent structure.

There can also be a canopy with more than two supports; this is a strong and reliable structure.

Polycarbonate canopies over the porch for private houses can be:

• single-pitched,
• gable,
• single-pitch with valance,
• arched,
• domed,
• straight,
• concave,
• in the form of a marquise.

The most simple form- This is a single-pitch or double-pitch canopy. The semicircular canopy for a porch made of polycarbonate on two supports, which is attached to the wall with two brackets, is also simple in design. Next you will see a photo with awnings different forms.

Calculation

There are certain requirements for a canopy or canopy: it must withstand its own weight, as well as the weight of precipitation accumulating on it. Therefore, such a design cannot be done “by eye”; it is necessary to calculate permissible load based on SNiPs and other standards. This is the only way a canopy made of polycarbonate will be safe.

If you do not have experience in calculating suspended structures, you can use finished project or contact specialists. To calculate canopies, you can find calculators on the Internet.

Important! Take materials with a 15% reserve. So you'll cover possible mistakes in calculations.

The entire porch should fit under the canopy or canopy. To do this, they are made to protrude beyond the boundaries of the porch by 30 cm on each side. The polycarbonate sheet should protrude beyond the frame by 10-20 cm from the sides and 20 cm from the free edge. In this case, take into account the dimensions of the sheet, they are standard - 2.1 by 6, 3 or 2 m. The guides of the canopy are placed at a distance of no more than 70 cm, and the supports - no more than 200 cm.

It is also necessary to consider a water drainage system, for example, install gutters and pipes through which precipitation will fall into a storage tank or sewer system.

Design

In addition to the practical function of protection from rain, snow, and wind, the porch canopy also has an aesthetic function. The porch is the first thing a person sees when approaching a private house, so its framing should be beautiful. Polycarbonate allows you to create complex shapes, as in the photo.

To do this, you need to make a polycarbonate canopy with your own hands in such a way that it does not get out of general style Houses. Polycarbonate is available in a variety of shades, so you can choose one that is close to the color of the walls, or one that contrasts. Both options are good. In the second case, it is better that the color matches other parts of the house, for example, the roof.

In order for the canopy to become an organic part of the house, you should choose the right frame material. Looks good on a house made of logs or timber wooden frame, on brick - metal.

You can take ideas for a canopy over the porch of a private house from the photo gallery in the video.

Choice of material for the frame

The frame of the hanging structure can be built from metal or wood. For this, aluminum or steel profiles, as well as forged parts, are used. The forged frame is expensive, but such a canopy will look very beautiful and original - see the photo.

Base from steel profile, corner or pipe is strong and durable, but subject to protection from corrosion. To do this, you need to treat the frame with primer and paint. The parts are usually connected by welding. The good thing about steel is that it can be used to make structures complex shape.

The good thing about an aluminum base is that this material is lightweight, durable, flexible, and does not require painting or other coatings.

How to make a canopy

To make a canopy over a polycarbonate porch with your own hands, you will need:

• metal corner or pipes for the frame,
• polycarbonate,
• end strips or special film,
• welding machine,
• drill,
• jigsaw,
• Bulgarian,
• fastening materials (screws, brackets, anchor bolts),
• roulette,
• level,
• stepladder for working at heights,
• design drawing,
• paint, primer and degreaser for metal parts,
• if the canopy is on supports, you will additionally need cement mortar to secure them in the ground.

Important! Self-tapping screws must be special for fastening polycarbonate and have sealing thermal washers.

Polycarbonate is easy to install with your own hands. What is important to know about canopies, or canopies, made of polycarbonate?

To fasten polycarbonate sheets, you must use only special screws, tighten them at right angles to the sheet and in no case tighten them too tightly, otherwise the sheet may crack. First, holes are drilled in the sheet, and they must be larger in diameter than the diameter of the fastening element, and then the screws are tightened.

The sheets are mounted at a distance of 3-5 mm from each other so that they do not deform during thermal expansion. Make the step between the screws no more than 30 cm, and the distance between the guides no more than 70 cm.

Cellular polycarbonate bends easily, making it possible to make arched structures from it. In this case, it is advisable to bend it in such a direction that the bending line is parallel to the stiffening ribs. It is best to bend the polycarbonate together with the frame part to which it is attached.

An example of a simple lean-to canopy made of polycarbonate is presented below.

Canopy on supports

The canopy on two poles, shown in the photo, is more reliable than a suspended one, and its installation is not particularly difficult.

First, two holes for supports are dug about a meter deep and 40*50 cm in size. Sand and crushed stone are poured into them and compacted.

Advice! Screw piles can be used as supports. Then they must be screwed into the ground at least 1.2 m.

Mark on the wall the place where the visor will be attached. This is done using a tape measure and a level in accordance with the drawing.

Then they weld the main part of the frame (the sheathing is installed after the concrete has hardened), grind the welding points, paint and install. Then its support pillars are installed in the pits. Then they are filled with concrete (cement) and the solution is allowed to harden. The part adjacent to the wall is attached to it with anchors. Their type depends on the wall material:

• metal - for concrete;
• plastic - for blocks;
• chemical - for foam concrete.

After the concrete has hardened, the sheathing is installed, and polycarbonate is installed on it. If the canopy is arched shape, then the metal profile must be bent for it.

For installation of polycarbonate in metal profile drill holes with a diameter slightly larger than the thickness of the self-tapping screw and attach the sheets with self-tapping screws with thermal washers. You can close the mounting points with plugs for tightness. The ends of the sheets are covered with special tapes or plugs.

The video shows how to install a polycarbonate canopy over the porch of a house with your own hands.

Conclusion

A canopy over the porch, mounted using polycarbonate sheets, is practical and at the same time stylish solution to protect against all sorts of natural surprises. At the same time, along with purely practical functions, it also plays an important aesthetic role, as one of the elements decorative design building. The photo shows some amazingly beautiful decorative polycarbonate visors that give a unique look to everything appearance Houses.

Advantages of protective polycarbonate structures over the porch

Polycarbonate canopies installed above the porch have a number of functions that make them important element the entire structure of the house.

Let's take a closer look at all the stages of making such an external canopy on the porch or entrance doors to the house.

Types of polycarbonate

On modern market building materials There are several varieties of this polymer that can be used to construct a visor.

Cellular. The most common and popular variety, widely used on the farm. Structurally consists of two thin sheets, connected to each other by longitudinal jumpers. The result is a structure from the inside that looks like a honeycomb, which is where its name comes from. The main advantage of cellular polycarbonate is its low cost and practicality in use. Standard sizes such sheets can be either 2 x 6 or 2 x 12 m. The thickness of the sheet can range from 4 to 16 mm. Such sheets are painted in the most various colors, which makes them an excellent option for decorative design of the facade of a building.

Monolithic. As the name suggests, such a sheet consists of a solidly molded polymer that does not contain air voids inside. It differs from the previous type by increased strength and resistance to various mechanical damage. At the same time, in terms of transparency it is practically not inferior to glass. Its only disadvantages are more high price and more complex processing.

Wavy. Is a variety monolithic polycarbonate, characterized by a wavy shape. This makes it even more durable due to the waves, which are stiffening ribs. A visor made from such material can easily serve you for decades. But its cost, unfortunately, is even higher than that of a monolithic polymer.

First stage. Design selection

Making a polycarbonate canopy with your own hands is not such a difficult task - the main thing is to take this matter seriously. First of all, you need to decide on the type of structure. You need to decide whether the canopy will be made in the form of a metal or wooden structure. A metal frame is much more durable, and with appropriate craftsmanship it looks much more aesthetically pleasing than a wooden one. However, to create a decorative metal frame with your own hands, you will need to put in much more effort.

However, today it is quite possible to order or purchase ready-made metal frame elements of a wide variety of configurations at a hardware store. If you decide to make a metal frame with your own hands, you need, at a minimum, to be qualified as a welder. But if you want to create something extraordinary, for example, in the Baroque or Empire style, then you will need quite a deep knowledge of blacksmithing.

The simplest option is to make a canopy over the porch from wood. Of course, from the point of view of durability and its decorative qualities, this option is inferior to a metal frame. However, with appropriate skill in handling wood, you can make a structure that is quite strong, durable and beautiful.

In the same way, the size and shape of the frame depends only on your aesthetic preferences: whether it will be a small canopy directly above the entrance, or an extensive canopy along the facade of the house.

Second phase. Visor drawing

The next stage is drawing up a drawing of the future structure. To do this, use a tape measure to remove everything required dimensions porch and transfer them to paper at the scale we need. Using this drawing of the porch, we determine the amount of materials we need - polycarbonate, wood or metal. After this, we purchase everything necessary and proceed directly to the manufacture of the visor.

Third stage. Making a frame with your own hands

After this, again based on the drawing, we begin preparatory work to create a visor. First of all, you need to mark and cut the material according to the prepared dimensions. The metal frame is best made from profiled pipes of square or rectangular cross-section. You can also use forged ready-made frames— they do not require additional supports and are attached directly to the wall of the house. Another option is a frame, one side attached to the house and the other side supported by support pillars. This design is usually used for fairly large canopy sizes.

Installation of supports

If you have taken on the task of installing a canopy over the porch with your own hands, then you will need to choose the type of installation of support pillars. The supports for the canopy over the porch can be made from any material. Will fit wooden poles, metal or asbestos cement pipes. They can be attached either to the surface of the porch or directly mounted on the ground. In the first case, wooden supports can be attached to the porch using anchor bolts. For installation on the porch surface metal poles You will need to weld embedded plates with holes for bolts to the bottom of the pipe, with which they will be secured.

Another option is a structure separate from the porch, resting directly on the ground. To do this, they dig holes 30-50 cm deep, at the bottom of which a gravel cushion 10 cm thick is placed. Then metal or asbestos-cement pipes are installed in them, which are filled with concrete. The canopy frame is mounted on top of the resulting supports using welding or bolts.

Canopy frame

The types of canopies over the porch can be completely different - arched, straight single-pitch or gable. It all depends on the shape of the frame you are going to make. In this case, you need to be guided by both practicality and aesthetics, since the canopy over the porch essentially becomes the “face” of the entire house. In this case, the distance between the rafters should not be made wider than 50 cm. During operation, this is sufficient lightweight material, like cellular polycarbonate, can experience quite heavy loads in the form of snow, which, if the step between the rafters is too large, can lead to its breakage, cracking or bending. After assembly, both wooden and metal frames must be processed by special means, extending their service life.

Roofing device

The most technologically advanced material when constructing a canopy over a porch with your own hands is cellular polycarbonate - it is quite light and can be easily processed. This material can be cut with almost any tool - an angle grinder, a knife, a jigsaw. At the same time, it does not crack or break. And when installing it on a frame, thanks to its flexibility, it easily accepts the required form. At the same time, critical stresses are not created inside the sheet, which could lead to destruction of the material in winter.

The only thing that is recommended to do when working with cellular polycarbonate is to close its ends with special covers after installing the canopy over the porch. The point is that when high humidity air, especially in autumn and spring, condensation accumulates inside the leaf cavities, which freezes when the temperature drops at night, sometimes tearing the thin bridges that hold the plates together. And this, in turn, can significantly reduce the service life of a polycarbonate roof.

Bottom line

As you can see from all of the above, making a visor with your own hands is not so difficult. The most important thing here is to be able to hold an instrument in your hands, and to have some creative skills. First of all, have a penchant for spatial thinking in order to clearly imagine what protective structure you would like to see above your porch. It is also important to be able to draw up drawings and work with them. Otherwise, it all comes down to patience and skill, without which it is impossible to build with your own hands even such a fairly simple structure as a canopy over a porch.

An integral element of each entrance is a visor. Without it, the front door to a private house looks unfinished. In addition, it has an important practical purpose, which is to protective function. The article will discuss the types of designs, as well as the option for making a canopy over the porch yourself.

Requirements for visors

The visor must be not only practical, but also safe, so there are a number of requirements that the design of the visor must meet:

• tightness;
• strength;
• attractiveness;
• sufficient width and length;
• compliance with the general mood of the building.

One of the main functions of the visor is protective. In this case, we are talking about both the residents and guests who will enter the house, and about the front door itself. A good canopy is sealed, that is, rain or melt water does not leak through the cracks in its covering. This extends the life of the material from which the door is made. In addition, the canopy casts a shadow on the porch, which prevents rapid fading paint coating, which is applied to the trim and the door.

The design of the visor must be strong enough. This means that without any particular difficulties it must withstand both its own weight and the wind load, which in some cases can be several times greater than the weight of the canopy structure. In addition, in winter, with heavy snowfalls, some of the precipitation will be retained on the canopy. Its strength should be sufficient for the weight of the snow cover.

The visor is not a module that is made just to be. It should be attractive and set the overall mood. At the same time, the design of the canopy should not contradict the exterior of the building. This is expressed both in the lines of the frame and in the colors. The width of the visor should be such that the projection on each side of the door is at least 50 cm. Only in this case can we speak of a sufficient protective function.

Types of designs

The classification of canopies is most often made according to the method of design of the roofing decking, and the names correspond to the name of a roof of a similar design. It follows that they can be:

• single-pitched;
• gable;
• multi-slope;
• arched;
• domed;
• concave.

The first option requires the least amount of material for manufacturing and has light weight. You can assemble such a structure with your own hands without much effort. It consists of one plane, which is fixed to the wall at the required slope. This design has certain restrictions on the slope, so if the length is long, snow may accumulate on the canopy. The visor with two slopes resembles a triangle. To make such a structure, you will need twice as much material as for a lean-to structure. In this case, the angle of each slope can be increased. This will make it possible to speed up the removal of precipitation from above.

Multi-pitched canopies look great if they are installed on the porch of a house that has a hip or other complex-shaped roof. It is quite difficult to make such a visor, so you will need to draw up a high-quality and thoughtful drawing, as well as the help of a specialist. Arched canopies are semicircular design. It should be chosen if the house design has rounded shapes, with which the visor will be combined. Otherwise, it is better not to take risks with experiments. This also applies to dome visors. They are to a certain extent similar to arched ones, but have an additional bend in the front part of the structure.

Note! Concave structures are a type of single-pitch canopy. Their disadvantage is poor sediment drainage, although in appearance they can be quite attractive.

Roof decking

The choice of roofing decking is important step when designing the structure of the canopy over the entrance. All materials that are suitable for these purposes can be divided into two large groups:

• polymer;
• metal.

From the first group, they most often choose cellular polycarbonate. It's really good material, which has the following advantages:

• light weight;
• ease of installation;
• light transmittance;
• pleasant appearance;
• ease of giving a rounded shape;
• variety of color solutions;
• resistance to chemical influences.

Polycarbonate is capable of partially transmitting light, which can be useful for a visor. Before purchasing polycarbonate, you need to make sure that it has protective film, which minimizes the impact ultraviolet rays. If there is no such film, then the material will quickly dry out and crack. Among the disadvantages of polycarbonate, its fragility may be critical. If hail is not uncommon in the area where you plan to install the canopy, then it is better to choose a different type of flooring, since the first precipitation will cause the polycarbonate to be completely damaged.

The most common metal roofing sheets are corrugated sheet metal and metal tiles. They have similar properties, but metal tiles look more attractive. From positive qualities These materials are worth highlighting:

• mechanical strength;
• light weight;
• long service life;
• possibility of self-installation;
• possibility of giving a round shape;
• affordable price;
• wide choice of colors.

In terms of mechanical strength, metal flooring is superior to polycarbonate. They can also be bent to a certain radius to obtain the desired shape of the visor. Metal tiles and corrugated sheets are more resistant to wind loads. Strong hail can leave dents, but will not penetrate a metal sheet. One of the disadvantages of the material is its noise. Even a little rain will drum well on the visor.

Self-production

Any work begins with planning. It will help to correctly calculate forces, means and take into account possible difficulties upon reaching the goal. This is also true when making a visor, so the first step will be its design.

Design

To make the design process easier for yourself, it is better to take a photo of the entrance first. In the photograph it is easier to select the required dimensions and shape of the future structure. This can be done either manually or in a graphic editor. When drawing up a drawing, you need to consider several points:

• width of the structure;
• extension length of the structure;
• number of supports;
• slope angle.

It was already said above that the canopy should be 50 cm wider than the entrance on each side, but this rule is not valid if there is a porch with large sizes. In this case, you need to make sure that the canopy covers the sides of the porch. The length of the stem can be adjusted depending on your wishes. If the visor is too long, then additional supports are simply installed. The number of supports will depend on the complexity of the structure and its weight. Usually a wall mount and two supports are sufficient. The angle of inclination is selected in the same way as for the roof that is on the house.

Preparatory work

The preparatory process consists of purchasing necessary materials and missing tools. Materials you will need:

• selected roofing decking;
• metal profile pipe with dimensions 50×30 and 40×20 mm;
• fastening consumables;
• cement;
• sand.

You can't do without a tool:

• Bulgarians;
• screwdriver;
• hammer drill;
• roulette;
• marker;
• welding machine.

Don't forget about items personal protection, for example, about glasses, gloves and clothing made from natural fibers.

Installation

First of all from profile pipe 40×20 mm it is necessary to prepare the frame of the future structure. Depending on the selected dimensions, blanks are cut. Two of them must correspond to the height of the porch, the other two must correspond to its length. The size of two more blanks is selected in the process. These components should form a right triangle. First of all, parts whose dimensions are known are welded together in pairs. They should be located at right angles.

This can be achieved with a special clamp or vice. The entire seam should not be welded in one pass, as the angle will be broken. It is better to make small tacks, level the workpiece, and then completely boil it. When everything is ready, you can measure the length of the hypotenuse. Two more elements are cut out with a grinder, and they are welded into place. Now you need to combine the triangles into the overall design of the visor. To do this, they are connected by strips at the corners. To increase the rigidity of the canopy frame in the resulting rectangle, which will be adjacent to the wall, it is necessary to weld several transverse strips.

The next step is to install metal elements under the sheathing on which the porch roofing will be attached. Once the porch frame is ready, it can be installed on the wall. This will make it easier to secure it. Several holes are drilled in the legs of the triangle that will be adjacent to the wall. Their diameter must match the diameter of the anchor with which the fastening will be made. The porch frame is leaned against the installation site and the location of the holes is transferred to the wall. Holes are drilled in the wall using a hammer drill.

Now you can strip the porch frame. All rust must be removed from it. The easiest way to do this is with a grinder or grinder with an appropriate attachment. After this, the porch frame is painted. When it dries, you can install the roofing material. If it is corrugated sheeting or metal tiles, then they should be secured roofing screws With rubber seals. Polycarbonate can also be secured with them, but you should not overdo it with polycarbonate. If you tighten the screws too much, they will simply crush the flooring. Next, the visor rises and locks in place.

After installation, it is necessary to seal the junction of the canopy to the wall. This can be done using various mastics or a piece of roofing material. If the visor extends too far, racks are mounted. They must first be welded to the frame. Two holes 50 cm deep are dug under them. The part of the canopy posts that will be in the ground is covered bitumen mastic which will protect them from rusting. The racks are lowered into place and the space around them is filled concrete mortar. Another visor option for self-assembly is in the video.

Summary

As you can see, make simplest option installation of a single-pitch canopy will not pose any problems even for an inexperienced craftsman. The main requirement is to have the ability to work with various power tools.