How to make a bathhouse from a trailer. Do-it-yourself change house: step-by-step instructions for building change houses from different materials. Base and foundation

Very often, after building a house, used cabins remain on the site. The owners can adapt them to store tools or building materials. But not many people realize that this structure can be used to make a small and comfortable bathhouse.

What are the benefits:
- cost savings;
- easy to sell;
- you are not required to maintain standard distances from neighboring plots, because According to the standards, a change house is a temporary structure;
- the bathhouse can be easily moved from one area to another;

1. Location on the site

First of all, it is worth remembering that the bathhouse is perhaps the most fire-hazardous building on your site. Despite the fact that conscientious owners use special impregnations to make wood fire-resistant, saunas made of timber burn like matches. Therefore, the bathhouse building should be located away from the main residential buildings.

According to sanitary standards:

SNiP 30-02-97

6.8 Minimum distances between buildings according to sanitary conditions there should be, m:

• from garden house and the cellar to the restroom - 12;
• to shower, bath and sauna – 8;
• from the well to the latrine and compost device – 8;
• before construction for keeping small livestock and poultry, showers, baths, saunas - 12;
• from a cellar to a composting facility and buildings for keeping small livestock and poultry – 7.

By fire safety standards according to the same SNiP 30-02-97 a distance of 15 meters from buildings in the neighboring area should be maintained. (Clause 6.5.* Fire distances between buildings and structures within the same area are not standardized.) In any case, the change house is a temporary structure and the standards do not apply to it.

2. Foundation

What is the advantage of a change house over a frame or brick bath? No special foundation is required for the cabin. It is enough to place it under the support profile edged boards, timber, cinder block, in general, anything that would provide good support and allow the floor to be leveled at the desired angle. If you are not going to move your building anywhere, then you can fork out for a “capital” foundation in the form of foundation blocks or, for example, very popular now screw piles. However, if there is a strong metal frame, there is no particular need for this.

3. Bathhouse layout

First of all, it is necessary to take into account that it is advisable to separate the steam room from the relaxation room so that steam does not penetrate there, creating excess humidity in the room. Doors, according to standards fire safety, must necessarily open outwards.

Steam room dimensions It is not recommended to make it more than 2.2x2.5 meters, and a height of more than 2.3 m, because in a large room it is more difficult to control the microclimate. In addition, the larger the volume of the room, the more powerful and, accordingly, more expensive the stove will be. This suits us quite well, because... standard size block container 2.45 m along the outer walls, inside, depending on the “pie”, the walls are approximately 2.3 m. For the steam room, it would be best to retreat from end wall change houses - 1.5-2 m and make a partition separating the steam room and washing room.

For interior decoration steam room Linden lining is most often used. But you can save money and get by with pine. Or combine: the bottom, covered with benches, is decorated with pine clapboard (the temperature in the lower part of the steam room still does not rise above 60 C°), and the top is decorated with linden.

Door to the steam room You can make it wooden or glass. Glass door more expensive, but more practical. It is guaranteed not to deform from steam and humidity. But wooden ones hold heat in the room better. There will be no loss of stove power. Optimal size opening 1.93x0.76 m, because The most common size of a sauna door is 1.9 x 0.7 m.

shelves

1. There is no point in making shelves more than two levels

The length of the shelf should be greater than the height of the person. 2.2m-2.3m is an excellent length, but 2m will do in a pinch. It is enough to make the width of the shelf 60-70cm (more is possible, but then it will not be very comfortable to sit on it. But this is not scary)

2. It should be comfortable for the steamer too. The one who soars must have direct “access to the body.” that is, in a good way, there should not be a lower shelf between the steamer and the top shelf, since if there is one, the steamer will have to bend over to reach it - this is an additional load on the steamer’s back. But the steamer receives significantly more stress (both thermal and physical) than the one being steamed. But imagine that you have to stand bending over for 10 minutes - anyone’s back will hurt.

4. Insulation and environmental safety

The main purpose of the bathhouse design is to store heat, so thermal insulation cabins - baths should be given Special attention. I do not recommend using materials such as polystyrene foam as thermal insulation for a steam room. The debate about the dangers of expanded polystyrene continues to this day. Our manufacturers do not always comply with the rules and regulations of production, therefore in expanded polystyrene Low quality styrene itself is often present, which is a highly toxic substance. Expanded polystyrene has a fire resistance group of G1 (flammable).

I recommend using non-flammable insulation materials as thermal insulation, for example mineral (ISOVER) or stone wool(ROCKWOOL)(flammability group G4 - non-flammable).
The bathhouse must be insulated along the contour (walls, floor, ceiling). Typically in warm southern conditions Krasnodar region Manufacturers consider floor insulation in a change house unnecessary, since this increases the cost of the structure and additional costs for protecting the floor insulation from moisture by lining the bottom with a galvanized steel sheet.
In a steam room, it is advisable to remove everything from the walls and ceiling. plastic materials– sheathing PVC panels, electrical wiring in cable ducts, switches, etc.

5. Electrical wiring

In a steam room, it is advisable to lay electrical wiring under insulation. Be sure (!) to use heat-resistant wire and lay the cable in a metal hose.
It is advisable to connect the stove through a circuit breaker with differential protection.

6. Waterproofing

For waterproofing the outside of the insulation, it is best to use a windproof three-layer superdiffusion membrane Yutawek or similar. This film will reliably protect the structure of the bathhouse from wind and water, and will also be able to ensure the free exit of excess moisture from the room.

It is usually used as an under-roofing film to protect against rain and snow, but is also suitable for in this case. You need to attach it with the white side to the insulation, dark side out. It is sold in rolls of 1.5x50m.

7. Heat reflector

On top of the insulation, the walls, floor and ceiling in the steam room are finished with foil paper (foil inside the room), it is easily attached to wooden blocks stapler, and the seams are taped with metal tape.

8. Construction of a stove-heater for a bath.

It is better to choose an oven famous manufacturers like Harvia, Ermak, etc. You can buy other analogues, but then, if the oven breaks down, finding spare parts may be a problem for you. The space behind the stove needs to be finished heat-resistant material, galvanized steel sheet is quite suitable for these purposes. If you want to decorate the space behind the stove with tiles, then it is better to use heat-resistant plasterboard as a base for the tiles. The tile next to the stove should be heat-resistant, clinker, and not fixed in the usual way. tile adhesive, and buy glue Litokol or similar.

This glue is diluted not with water, but with a special milk Latexcol.
A special screen made of stainless steel or galvanized steel is useful above the stove. Firstly, thanks to the screen, heat will be better transferred to the shelves, and secondly, the lining above the stove will not darken due to high temperature. The screen should be installed at an angle. You will attach the bottom of the screen to the wall, and the top part to the ceiling of the cabin with long screws through small 30mm bars so that the temperature from the screen is not transferred to the wall.
In order for the heat of the stove to be used not only in the steam room, but also to warm the rest of the rooms, in the partition separating the steam room, closer to the floor at the location of the heater, you can make a hole with a diameter of 100 mm with corrugated metal pipe. WITH reverse side this hole is closed by a ventilation grille.

IN comfortable bathhouse. I propose to go through the main design features that will allow you to use the change house as a bathhouse.

Design revision. All plastic elements The decor of the change house should be replaced with wooden ones. Plastic at operating temperature baths will poison people with harmful toxins.

Ensuring ventilation of the bathhouse. The structure must be installed at a low height from the ground surface. To do this, use a cinder block with an edge length of 25-30 cm. Cinder blocks should be installed in increments of 70-80 cm around the entire perimeter of the bathhouse. This material is inexpensive and if one of the supports is destroyed, it will be quite easy to replace.

Bath house plan 7x2.3. Here the entrance is from the end. Sequentially: locker room, wash room, steam room.

Reliable waterproofing of the structure. The frame of the structure is covered with a special polymer hydrobarrier. Double-sided tape is used during installation.

Necessary thermal insulation. For this, sheet polystyrene foam is used, which is secured with special foam adhesive. Both internal and external thermal insulation of the structure should be carried out.

Establishment of necessary communications. For aesthetic purposes, it is better to install water supply and sewerage pipes outside the bathhouse. Communications can be hidden in special decorative casings. Pipes and wiring are sometimes hidden under a layer of thermal insulation. This option can be used if there is confidence in the quality of communications. If it breaks, it will be more difficult to repair it.


Facing with a decorative protective layer. Finishing inner surface it is better to make the walls of the bathhouse traditional wooden materials. You can use wooden lining, which has a special antifungal impregnation. More in a practical way will be finished using plasterboard with further cladding ceramic tiles. Ideal option The steam room and the corner with the shower will be tiled, and it is better to decorate the relaxation room with wooden materials.

External cladding. For external cladding For cabins and saunas, an OSB board is ideal. This material is airtight and does not blow through the wind. Then you can finish it with siding.

Complete set of cabin-bath

Of course, there are many options, below is one of them

Materials:

• Frame - timber 75*145mm dry or natural humidity, reinforced with dowels, inter-crown insulation “ECO (Len)”, beam joint angle “warm”
• Construction board 100*40 mm
• Softwood lining (interior finishing), aspen lining in a steam room, vertical
• Floorboard 28*115/32*100mm (in the sink at a slope in the center or in the corner)
• Roofing-Metal tiles, " soft tiles» (for dome roof)

Equipment:

• Stove - wood-burning heater "Ermak" 16 cubic meters.
• Heat-resistant brick screen
• Tank for heating water “On the pipe” 55 l.
• Vertical chimney + umbrella
• Straight bench 1.2 m in the Wash and Locker Room
• Aspen shelf in the steam room 2.2 m, riser 2.2 m
• Opening window 50*50 cm - in Moika, window 40x40cm in the steam room, window 50x50cm blind in the locker room
• Floor made of tongue and groove boards 28x115mm + drain
• Insulated frame doors on hinges with handles 170*70 – 3 pcs.
• External electrical wiring, 3 lamps, two switches, 1 socket
• External antiseptic treatment.

After the purchase land plot pleasant chores begin related to planning the site, choosing a project, purchasing the necessary building material. As you know, construction is not a quick task, and with limited finances it can last for many years. Well, how can you, having a plot of land, not relax, barbecue with friends, or spend a pleasant time on it while construction is going on? Good vacation can be organized on your site with a minimum of necessary buildings.

The first thing that appears on the site and is building number one is the toilet. You can't go anywhere without him. For comfortable stay during the warm season, a regular one will do construction shed. In this article, we will look at how to diversify and complement your holiday with a Russian bathhouse, which you can make with your own hands from a change house or a container.

good wooden sauna made of logs or timber is not cheap, and the construction of such a bathhouse will take at least two years, but you want to take a steam bath with a broom and fragrant steam today.

You can buy a not very expensive change house outside the construction season, that is, in winter, or buy a used one. The change house does not need a powerful foundation. It can be installed on small concrete blocks. The quantity will depend on the size of the cabin possible rooms in the future bathhouse. In a small cabin you can only place a steam room and a relaxation room or washing room, but in a large one you can even place a toilet. When purchasing a change house that is subsequently planned to be converted into a bathhouse, you need to pay attention not only to its size, but also to the insulation of the walls, floor and ceiling. Minimum thickness insulation in the wall should be at least ten centimeters. If the thickness of the insulation is less, then the entire frame of the cabin will have to be redone, since the timber for it is selected based on the thickness of the insulation. To retain heat in the steam room for a longer period of time, it is necessary to additionally lay foil insulation along the walls and seal the joints with foil tape. In inexpensive cabins, the inside walls are usually lined with hardboard, which is not suitable for a bathhouse. In this case, the walls of the change house will have to be redone with your own hands and sewn up wooden clapboard. This will not be very difficult to do, since there is no need to arrange the sheathing. The lining can be fixed directly to the frame of the cabin. To decorate a steam room in a bathhouse, linden lining is usually used. It does not contain resin and does not emit harmful substances when heated.

The electrical wiring in the part of the cabin where the steam room will be located must be replaced with heat-resistant wiring. The lamp will also need to be replaced with heat-resistant ones. For greater safety and to avoid fire, it is necessary to install switch box with RCD (device protective shutdown) and automatic machines.

Furniture for a bath can also be made with your own hands from wooden boards, which will probably remain superfluous during construction. For a couple of benches and a table you won’t need a lot of them.

You can not touch the outside of the trailer and leave everything as it is, but if you really want to give it the appearance of a real log bathhouse, then you can fork out for the House block. Its installation can also be done by hand. The old finishing (wallpaper, corrugated sheet) will need to be dismantled and the House block attached to the existing frame.

To give a more aesthetic appearance to a bathhouse from a change house, it is better to convert the roof to a gable roof, if there was not one initially. For this old roof You don’t have to disassemble it, but just make rafters on it. Make lathing along the rafters and cover the roof roofing material(profiled sheets, metal tiles). For a more pleasant time on the site and using the bathhouse from the cabin as a gazebo, you can attach a spacious veranda to it with your own hands. To do this, we will need several concrete blocks instead of a foundation and several 100 by 100 mm bars. We make it from bars bottom trim, part of which we attach to the change house. From the same bars we make racks and top harness according to the principle of the bottom. We put up the rafters and cover it with a roof. If you make a gable roof, common with the change house, you will get a completely residential second floor.

The only thing left to do is purchase and install the stove. The choice of stove will depend on the size of the steam room. The larger the steam room, the more powerful and expensive the stove. For a bathhouse from a change house it’s impossible would be better suited a wood-burning stove, the so-called heater.

As you can see, it is inexpensive and useful to make a bathhouse from a change house with your own hands. And if you dream a little with external design, then you may well end up with a masterpiece that will remain on your site forever.

After construction works When completed, traces of this activity usually remain. But not in all cases such “residues” are subject to mandatory removal from the territory. Of course, it’s worth taking out the construction waste, but if a shed was installed on the site, then it can be used. For example, you can make a bathhouse from a change house with your own hands, since it is relatively simple from the point of view of work and very practical. It goes without saying that to successfully complete the task you will need some experience in carrying out such work and the availability of tools, but these are truly impossible for common man no action is required.

Note! The key to the success of any event is its careful planning and consideration of all upcoming actions. In the case of making a bathhouse from a change house, you need to understand that, in principle, converting one room into another is possible, but due to the specifics of their purpose, some effort will have to be made to complete the task.

To make it easier to understand what a person who has started such work will have to face, it is better to divide all actions into several stages.

Foundation

First of all, you need to make a solid foundation. The change house can also stand on several foam blocks, as in fact most often it is, but for the bathhouse it is necessary to make a strong and at the same time ventilated foundation. An example of such a basis is the pile version of manufacturing. If the question arises of how to make such a foundation, then work in general outline are as follows:

• Based on the dimensions of the cabin, an area allocated for the future bathhouse is marked out.
• Along the perimeter of the building, as well as under the dividing walls, at a distance of about 1.5 meters from each other, it is necessary to drill a number of recesses necessary for installing the piles. These can be used as asbestos pipes or their metal analogue, and when drilling you need to start from their diameter.
• The pipes must be dug in so that their upper parts are in the same plane. To install them firmly, the pipes must be covered with medium-dispersed crushed stone and gravel.
• A beam with a cross-section of 20×20 cm is laid and secured on top of the pipes. As a result, a foundation is formed for the installation of the structure.

Preparing the frame of the cabin

The next stage of work will be preparing the frame of the cabin for installation on the base. The point is that the operating conditions of the bathhouse are quite extreme and, in connection with this, they must be selected and Decoration Materials. To put it simply, the way the cabin is finished is not suitable for a bathhouse. In this regard, all finishing, both external and internal, must be dismantled. In fact, only one frame of the building should remain. This is important not only because a number of works remain, but also due to the fact that the change house also needs to be installed on a prepared base, and the less weight, the easier it will be to complete the task.

Installation

In order to install the frame of the future bathhouse on the base, you will have to hire crane. This, of course, will require some material investments, but it will simply not be possible without a crane. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the frame is installed accurately on the base. Among other things, the requirements of safety regulations must not be neglected. After the technician finishes the work, the frame must be secured to the base. For this you can, for example, use pins of a suitable diameter.

Finishing

Once the frame is installed, you can proceed to finishing works. They can be divided into several stages:

• Isolation of the room. This includes styling heat-insulating materials, and installation of water vapor barrier. It is worth recalling that the best option The insulation will be polystyrene foam. The material is impervious to moisture and has excellent insulating properties.
• Finishing work. We are talking about internal and exterior decoration premises, now baths (if this was not done in advance). It should be noted that if for external surfaces you can use any suitable material, but for interior work Traditionally, wood is chosen, and it is better to take hardwoods. One of the most accessible and quality options is a wooden lining, for example, linden.
• Installation of equipment. The final stage of work on building a bathhouse from a cabin can be considered the installation of equipment. This means installation heating equipment, installation of electrical wiring and water supply and sewerage systems. It is worth noting here that a bathhouse rebuilt from a cabin is not very suitable for the construction of a classic sauna stove, so it is better to use, for example, electrical equipment.

On this general description The work on rebuilding the cabin into a bathhouse can be considered completed. As an additional source of information you can use themed photos. Despite the fact that the work may seem somewhat complicated, in fact, with due diligence, it is quite doable.

Video

This video shows a mobile frame bath, made from a change house:

Photo

The question of how to make a bathhouse out of a change house is relevant among many compatriots. And this is not surprising, since cabins are relatively inexpensive and available to most people, especially if used buildings are purchased.

So, what is the technology for converting a cabin into a bathhouse?

Initially, it is necessary to insulate the roof, floor and walls in order to reduce their thermal conductivity to a minimum.

The interior space is lined with wooden clapboard. Next, the lining is processed antiseptics in order to subsequently eliminate the possibility of mold formation and, as a consequence, destruction of the wood.

The total area of ​​the room is divided into 3 equal parts: a steam room, a dressing room and a washing area.

After this it is installed sewage pipe, which is diverted to the drainage pit or to the septic tank. This pipe will drain water from washing department out.

Electrical wiring is well insulated to prevent the possibility of short circuit due to high humidity.

A wood-burning or electric stove-stove is installed.

Water and electricity are supplied.

It is important to take into account the small dimensions of the bathhouse based on the change house and therefore make the doorway of all doors as tight as possible in order to prevent the penetration of excess moisture from the washing compartment and steam room into the dressing room. In addition, the bathhouse is a potentially fire-hazardous structure, and therefore all doors must open towards the exit, that is, outward.

How safe is a sauna from a cabin?

It is advisable to insulate a cabin using mineral wool, but not polystyrene foam. Mineral wool, as well as insulation based on it, is an environmentally friendly, fireproof material, which cannot be said about polystyrene foam. In order to comply with fire safety rules in the steam room, it is necessary to dismantle all plastic parts without exception.

For safe operation of the bathhouse, electrical wiring must be laid under a layer of insulation. Pay attention to high temperatures In the bathhouse, it is advisable to use wires that are resistant to overheating. If as the main heating element an electric oven is used; it should be connected through a circuit breaker with differential protection.

However, there is a simpler and effective method make a bathhouse out of a change house. Order such a design from our company. Your new bathhouse will be of high quality, safe and assembled in a short time.