How to solder your own water supply at the dacha. How polypropylene pipes are connected. Ground water supply from polyethylene pipes

Probably not a single person will argue that one of the main factors ensuring a good time in the country, a minimum of work and a rich harvest, is the abundance of clean water, which can be used when watering beds, flower beds, and also fruit plants. Of course, if all the cultivated vegetation on your site is limited to a small flowerbed with an area of ​​two square meters, or if the region experiences heavy rains at least once or twice a week, then there is no need to rack your brains - the plants will grow just fine.

But if it rains much less frequently, and in summer the heat in the shade reaches +30 degrees or higher, then you will have to seriously think about how to make watering easier. After all, carrying water from a well in buckets to water three to four hundred square meters of potatoes, a hundred hundred square meters of cucumbers, tomatoes and cabbage, and even Orchard, too tiring. It is unlikely that it will be possible to cope with such a task in a whole day of hard, continuous labor.

That's why the best way the solution to this problem is summer water supply in the country. Yes, you will have to spend more than one day on installation, as well as a certain amount. But as a result you get easy way water your entire garden in half an hour, and watering itself turns into pure pleasure. In addition, you can forget about the need to carry water into the house manually if there is no working water supply in the area of ​​your dacha.

One of the most important issues The thing you need to decide before purchasing materials is the choice suitable pipes. After all, pipes are one of the main components of a water supply system. AND modern market offers quite big choice suitable materials. Of course, they have both certain advantages and disadvantages.

You need to know about them in order to make an objective choice and not regret it in the future. So, you can make a water supply from several types of pipes

Metal pipes

Time-tested, not too expensive and reliable. Metal pipes will survive shocks, strong compression, falls and any other mechanical impacts without the slightest harm. At proper care a metal water pipe will easily serve you for decades. Alas, metal pipes also have a number of disadvantages. First of all, they are quite heavy, which complicates the process of transportation and installation. In addition, the metal is susceptible to corrosion.

Yes, this problem can be solved for 3-5 years by covering the pipes quality paint for metal. But if you decide to install permanent piping (by laying the pipes underground), you may not want to dig up the pipes every few years to paint them.

And finally, after a few years, even with the most careful care, inner wall will become rusty. This will significantly worsen drinking qualities water - it is possible that it will even cease to be drinkable. Additional complexity– connection of pipes to the water supply system. You have to use gas welding, which increases the cost of installation, since in most cases it forces you to invite specialists.

Metal-plastic pipes

Metallo plastic pipes represent quite complex design. The first layer is plastic. There is an adhesive layer on top of it. Next is aluminum, which carries the main load. Aluminum is covered with another adhesive layer, which, in turn, is protected by a layer of plastic. This is a really good option. The pipes are light, durable, non-corrosive and can withstand quite strong pressure without harm.

But the complexity of manufacturing and high price aluminum lead to the fact that their price is set quite high. Many people who are willing to spend tens of thousands of rubles to equip a summer water supply system in their country house.

Read also

Lawns for summer cottages

Polypropylene pipes

IN last years polypropylene pipes are becoming increasingly popular. They are lightweight, resistant to corrosion, quite cheap and easy to install. Thermal welding is much cheaper than gas welding. You can simply buy a special construction iron - in stores they are usually sold at a price of 2 to 4 thousand rubles. Yes, pipes can be damaged when strong blows or squeezing. But if you bury them in the ground, then nothing can harm them there. They do not rust, which means that after 10 years the same clean water will flow from them as at the time of installation.

As you can see, you can use the most different pipes for summer water supply. Which one should you prefer? Decide for yourself!

Permanent or collapsible water supply

When you have decided on the material, it’s time to think about which water supply system will best meet your requirements - collapsible or permanent? As the name implies, the first one can be assembled in the spring, at the beginning of the summer season, and disassembled in the fall, so as not to become an easy target for thieves in winter.

The permanent one is installed once and for all. What advantages and disadvantages do both of these options have?

Collapsible water supply

Let's start with a collapsible water supply.

Its advantages include the simplicity and speed of installation - there is no need to bury pipes in the ground, carrying out a considerable amount of excavation work.

If any pipe or seam is damaged, the leak will be immediately noticeable and fixing it will not cause you unnecessary trouble.

The main disadvantage is the need to assemble and set up the water supply every spring, and in the fall to disassemble and take it to the city.

In addition, the pipes will lie near the beds all summer. You can easily trip over them or simply step on them, causing serious damage. And, of course, if you leave the dacha for a week or two, the water supply may well simply be stolen.

Constant water supply

- that's a completely different matter.

You will have to spend much more time laying this water supply, but only once. There is no need to carry out disassembly work twice a season. The pipes are buried to a depth of 30 to 50 centimeters, and do not interfere with your walking around the beds. It all consists of simply draining the water from the system so that it does not freeze and damage the pipes. Thieves probably will not dig into the ground, carrying out a huge amount of work in order to steal several tens of meters of pipes.

There are relatively few downsides to this option.

For example, if a pipeline is damaged, it will be quite difficult to notice a leak, find it and fix it - you will have to dig up the entire trench. Also more important is correct styling pipes - they must go downhill along their entire length so that no water remains in the system in winter. And the longer the pipe, the deeper the trench will have to be dug.

Plant watering options

It is equally important to choose the right irrigation principle. You can use two options - watering the beds by taking water directly from a well or borehole, or watering the beds from a reservoir filled from the main water source.

Direct watering

The first option is simple. All you have to do is open the necessary valves in the pipeline and start the pump. As you walk through the beds, you will close some valves and open others as you water individual areas.

This system is simple and convenient. Unfortunately, there is a serious disadvantage here that you need to be aware of. Experienced summer residents It is not recommended to water the beds ice water, which is usually supplied from wells and wells. This can slow down the growth rate of plants or even cause them to die.

The lack of running water in a dacha causes many problems associated with the inability to take a shower, wash dishes or water the garden. Therefore, a water supply system must be present at the dacha site. Self-installation plumbing will allow you to save money on calling a specialist and will serve as experience for further work in this industry. Let's look at how to make a water supply system in a country house below.

Water supply diagram at the dacha: features of the work

The plumbing system is most often installed during the construction of the building. However, if the house has already been built and there is no water supply, then it is necessary to draw up a design for the location of all the pipes supplying the home with water.

At the design stage, calculations are also made on the amount of materials required for the installation of a water supply system, and a water meter and boiler unit is also installed. For it, you need a room small area up to three square meters. After installing technical devices and a unit that introduces water into the home, the level of convenience and control in the operation of the water supply system increases.

The local water supply system includes the following equipment:

• pipes (steel, plastic, metal-plastic, polypropylene) you should also select fittings and taps for them;
• water lifting mechanisms - submersible pumps or special stations;
• equipment used to regulate the pressure in plumbing system, as well as expansion tanks;
• electrical water supply control equipment and protective elements for it;
• filtration devices that purify water before it is supplied to the house;
• storage boiler providing the building hot water.

Most often, the water supply system is installed at the dacha according to the principle winter water supply. This method installation of pipes involves them additional insulation, to avoid freezing of water in winter time.

When laying a plastic water supply system in a country house, you should initially find a source of water from which the entire system will function. Most often, such a source is a well or a well; it is also possible to run a water supply from a spring chamber.

Each of these sources has certain advantages and disadvantages. Drilling a well requires huge financial investments, but the water from it comes out cleaner than from a well. At the same time, when equipping a well, you will have to invest much less, however, the water quality will be lower.

Used to supply water to the house pump equipment. Among its main options we note:

1. Submersible pumps- They are distinguished by silent operation and pump water well at depth. Such pumps have check valve and hydraulic accumulator. When choosing this equipment, pay special attention to the materials from which the impellers are constructed. If the level of water contamination is high enough, then use a stainless steel wheel.

2. If the water level is below eight meters, then installing a surface pump is sufficient. It is located indoors and pumps water from there, connecting to the well using a pipe.

3. Automated pumping stations - have a hydraulic part and an electric motor. In order to pump water in the system, generators running on diesel or gasoline fuel are used. The pumped storage tank also functions as a reservoir in which water is stored. The cost of pumping stations is quite high compared to conventional pumps; in addition, some of the models are quite noisy. Their installation on a small summer cottage is irrelevant.

When installing water supply at your dacha, pay special attention to the pipes. Reliable and durable materials will make the operation of the water supply system problem-free. Water supply in a country house made of polypropylene pipes is different high level reliability, resistance to temperature changes, easy to install and have excellent performance characteristics.

To connect the pipes together, you will need a soldering iron. Some of the pipes are pre-assembled and then installed in their intended place. Please note that for welding pipes you need to leave a margin of approximately 80 mm. Some pipes are held in place using special holders.

A previously prepared plumbing system project will help determine the installation location of the pipes. Pipes should not interfere with movement around the rooms; it is better if they are hidden in suspended ceiling or plasterboard wall.

In order to regulate the pressure in the system, you will need to install an expansion tank. For standard country house A container of 70 liters of water is sufficient for one floor. Next you should pay attention to the boiler unit. The boiler itself and the expansion tank are installed in this place. Please note that expansion tanks They are painted red, and water pipes are painted blue.

Further work on the water supply system at the dacha involves the installation of a filtration system. In order to not only purify, but also protect water, it is recommended to install special filters when water comes out of a well or well. The type and model of filters in most cases are determined individually and depend on the composition and degree of contamination of water in a particular area.

For example, if the water contains a large amount of iron, then it is enough to install two filters to ensure its purification. The first, an ion-exchange type filter, allows you to get rid of dissolved iron, and the second, a carbon filter, provides mechanical water purification.

To determine the composition of water and its suitability for home use, you should take it to a laboratory for certain tests. If the results are unsatisfactory, certain filters should be added.

Features of the construction of a summer water supply system at the dacha

If the dacha is a place of rest for its owners only in summer time year, then it is enough to install a summer water supply system, with the help of which you can provide water to the area during the warm season. Using this system, you can not only water the beds and vegetable garden, but also bathe in the summer shower and wash the dishes.

To install a summer water supply at your dacha, you will need a flexible hose and adapters. Hose connectors should be made of steel or plastic, as they are susceptible to high pressure from the system. It is preferable to choose galvanized steel adapter options.

Pipes are laid in the country in two ways:

• location of the water supply system directly on the ground - in this case it is easy to install and dismantle, but is under constant influence of mechanical factors and solar radiation;
• installing pipes a few centimeters into the ground, with the taps located outside, this system is more convenient and does not interfere with walking.

Before the start of winter, the water from the pipes is completely drained to avoid damage to the pipes in severe frosts. Among the advantages of a water supply system located in the ground, we note:

• convenient location of pipes;
• carrying out pipe laying work only once;
• hiding pipes from thieves;
• In order to completely drain the water from the system, simply open the tap.

Permanent summer water supply has the following disadvantages:

• increase in material and physical costs compared to an open water supply system;
• the need to maintain a slope, otherwise it will not be possible to remove water from the pipes;
• In this case, repairs become difficult.

Pipes on open version pipelines are above the ground or lie on it. Among the advantages this method arrangement of the water supply system, we note:

• speed of installation and dismantling;
• ease of repair, since all pipes can be visually inspected;
• reducing the cost of digging trenches and installing pipes on a slope.

At the same time, this water supply system has the following disadvantages:

• pipes interfere with free movement around the site;
• the need for constant dismantling and installation.

Initially, you should determine the type of water supply that will be installed at the dacha. Next, you should create a water supply project for your dacha with your own hands from pipes. Please note that when laying pipes, you must maintain a slope in relation to the main water supply point.

In places for draining water outside, pipes laid in the ground come out. The lowest point of such a water supply system is equipped with a valve that allows water to drain, if necessary.

It is better to choose pipes for water supply in the country from plastic or polypropylene. They are easily connected to each other with flexible hoses. It is also possible to connect pipes using fittings or special soldering equipment. In addition, you will need tees, taps and carbon elements.

The depth of the base for laying pipes is from 25 to 40 cm, to prevent their damage mechanically. The layout of the water supply system must be recorded in the project so that, if repairs are necessary, the pipes can be easily removed.

If the system is collapsible, then using the simplest rubber hoses is sufficient. To connect them together, special jumpers or clamps are used.

To provide your garden with summer watering you will need:

• polyethylene pipes;
• compression couplings;
• ball valve;
• tee and corners;
• fumniti.

To assemble such a water supply system, one day is enough; the use of fittings significantly speeds up this process.

If water is supplied to the site from a steel pipe, then to connect a regular hose to it you will need a special tee. It is installed on the pipe and tightened with a bolt. Next, you should install a ball valve, with which you will control the process of turning the water on and off.

If you plan to install a hidden water supply system, then you need to dig trenches up to 20 cm deep on the lawn and 50 cm in the beds. Next, you should lay the pipes, connecting them to each other using fittings. Do not forget to maintain the slope of the pipe installation. In relation to the beds, the places for their watering are determined. Optimal quantity pipeline outlets range from 5 to 10 pieces. An automatic water spray system is installed at the hose outlet.

Water supply in a dacha from a well: installation technology

If there is a well at your dacha, it can be an excellent source of water supply. Among the advantages of building a well in the country, we note:

• independence from electricity and other factors environment, constant water supply;
• water from a well has a lower iron content than running water, however, in any case, it is recommended to purify the water using special filters;
• when using a well, it is recommended to equip it with a submersible pump, which delivers water directly to the house;
• The process of installing a water supply system from a well is much easier and cheaper than from a well.

Initially, a water supply scheme from the well is constructed. It clearly indicates the installation location of each pipe and pumping system, number of filters and water consumption points. You should also determine in advance the installation location of the boiler and expansion tank. Correctly drawing up a water supply project will help you quickly calculate and purchase the materials necessary for the work.

Since submersible pumps are characterized by silent operation, they are used for water supply in the country. The pump is installed in the well at a distance of 80 cm from its bottom. In order to ensure that all water from the system drains into the well, it must be laid at a slope towards it.

In order to lay pipes, first equip trenches. Their depth depends on climatic conditions region in which the work is carried out. If the water supply will be used in winter, then the minimum trench depth will be 200 cm.

Installing a relay will provide required level pressure that is present in the water supply system. If there is no water in the well, then the relay responsible for dry running comes into action. Next, a hydraulic accumulator and tees are installed, which separate the water into drinking and technical. Another tee divides the water into cold and hot.

It is very difficult to build a water supply system in a dacha from a well yourself. The construction of the well itself and the equipment that supplies water from it have special material costs. Therefore, it is better to entrust this process to specialists.

Which pipes for water supply in a country house are best? How to combine them into unified system water supply? Is there any way to prevent this system from defrosting during cold weather?

Let's try to find out.

Choice

First, let's try to understand what we actually have to choose from. So, what materials are used in the construction of a water pipeline?

Description

• Black steel is distinguished by its highest mechanical strength. The main disadvantage is susceptibility to corrosion and, as a result, limited service life. When laying on the ground, the first fistulas on the threads may appear within 3-5 years.
• Cink Steel Not only durable, but also resistant to corrosion. It would be an ideal material if it were not for the high price and labor-intensive installation with the need for welding or hand slicing threads

However: country water supply is often assembled using ordinary garden hoses stretched over the ends of the pipe and secured with clamps.

• Metal-plastic - an aluminum tube between two polymer layers. Decent strength, reasonable cost and easy installation make the material a good choice. The only thing you can find fault with is the rather expensive fittings.

• Polypropylene is even cheaper than metal-plastic, it is light and durable. Alas, low-temperature welding is used for installation, which requires a special soldering iron and, more importantly, electricity, which is not available everywhere. Yes, buying or renting a diesel generator for your dacha will solve the problem; but is it worth creating it?
• Finally, polyethylene pipes differ favorably from polypropylene in that they are assembled on compression fittings. Unlike fittings for metal-plastic, polyethylene ones are extremely cheap and do not require the use of any tools: with a diameter of up to DN32, installation of HDPE pipes for water supply in a country house is done by hand.

The photo shows coils of polyethylene pipes in a warehouse.

Price

We present the average prices for the listed types of pipes for the most common diameter - 20 mm (3/4 inch).

Wow! But country water supply from plastic pipes turns out to be very profitable, and polyethylene looks the most advantageous.

Let's explore another parameter - frost resistance.

Defrosting behavior

What will happen to each of the materials under study if water freezes inside the pipe?

• Suture steel pipes, regardless of the presence or absence of anti-corrosion zinc coating, will burst along the seam and require replacement.

• Metal-polymer ones will remain intact in appearance: only the aluminum core will be torn. Damage to it will mean a sharp drop in the maximum operating pressure of the water supply system.

Besides: brass fittings with a high probability they will also be crushed by ice and become unusable.

• Polypropylene will only be slightly deformed on straight sections. The deformation will partially remain after defrosting.
• Finally, maintaining elasticity when low temperatures the polyethylene will simply stretch and return to its original size after the ice melts.

The conclusions, I think, are obvious. Our choice is polyethylene pipes with compression fittings.

Installation

How to properly install plastic water pipes for the type of dacha we have chosen?

In general, there are few subtleties here.

1. The outer side, cut to fit the pipe, is first chamfered.
2. It is better not to try to insert the pipe into the assembled fitting by loosening the thread, but to completely disassemble it. Then the clamping nut, collet, thrust and o-ring. Finally, the pipe is inserted into the fitting body, after which the rings and collet are tightened with a nut by hand.

We repeat: the tool is not used for pipes with a diameter of up to 32 mm. If you try to tighten the connection further, you are likely to strip the threads on the nut or body.

To connect plastic pipes with steel or brass threads (taps, valves, etc.), the instructions are also not complicated: in this case, adapter fittings with standard pipe thread. The metal part is pre-wound with FUM tape.

Don't forget when planning your location shut-off valves, provide a valve for complete drain water supply As a rule, water is supplied to summer cottages only in the warm season; In winter, despite the elasticity of polyethylene, it is better to dry the pipes.

Cold, cold

In some cases, however, running water has to be used at temperatures below zero ().

Examples? Please.

• In some regions of the country, short-term frosts in summer season- a normal phenomenon. For example, in the Khabarovsk Territory the first cold weather begins in late September - early October.
• In addition, dachas can be used all year round subject to autonomous water supply. A well or a well with a submersible pump will provide the house with water without any problems; The only problem is keeping it from freezing.

The solution to this problem is quite obvious: in the general case, the water supply is buried in the ground below its freezing level.

Sometimes, however, individual sections have to be laid on the surface. If, say, country houses made of block containers installed directly on the ground surface allow water to be brought directly under them, then buried strip foundation on permafrost this will not be possible.

For areas with year-round power supply, the simplest solution is to heat the water supply pipes in the country with a self-regulating heating cable with a power of 16 W/m.

Why self-regulating? For reasons of energy saving. The power consumed by this cable depends on its temperature: when heated electrical resistance the polymer matrix separating its veins increases, and upon cooling it decreases.

Useful: this feature also protects the cable from overheating and failure due to overlaps.

How to install a heating system?

There are two installation methods.

1. The cable is attached to the pipe from the outside with polyethylene clamps or aluminum tape, after which the water supply is thermally insulated - with a foam shell, polyethylene foam, etc.
2. In some cases, it may be more convenient to pass the cable inside the pipe, since the tightness of the end coupling allows this. To seal the cable entry point into the pipe, a special clamping sleeve with a rubber seal is used.

Conclusion

As always, additional topical information can be found in the video in this article. Good luck!

Great article 0

Let us dwell in detail on a country water supply system made by ourselves, which can operate uninterruptedly both in winter and in summer. Before installing a water supply, you need to select a source drinking water. The simplest and cheap way fresh water supply - construction of a conventional well.

The depth of the well depends on how deep the groundwater is in the area.

But the well mainly supplies water in small volumes - 100-200 liters per hour, and well water can have various impurities: heavy metals, nitrates, bacteria.

It is best suited, or with the help of specialists, to a depth of up to 30-40 meters. From such a well you can pump out about 1.5 m 3 of water per hour, which is quite enough for a small country house and plot.

A sand well is drilled using an auger method, that is, the rock is brought to the surface. Drilling a well can take 3-7 days and will require the installation of special filtration equipment to filter the water. The life of a well can be fifty years or more.

The term winter plumbing does not mean that its use is limited only to winter. This means that the water supply is intended for constant off-season operation, and its operation is permitted in both winter and summer.

To get water from a well, . Do-it-yourself installation of a winter water supply system in a dacha involves connecting the pump to a constant power source, so it is possible to combine the laying of cables and water pipes in one casing. Typically, plastic sewer pipes are used for this.

Pipes protect communications from mechanical damage, and from freezing.

For installation, you can connect plastic pipes by soldering or plastic fittings. For soldering pipes, a special electric soldering iron. You don’t have to buy such a soldering iron, but rent it.

Connections on fittings do not require any special tools except for wrenches. For winter water supply, you can use plastic pipes Ø20 mm or Ø25 mm.

Pipe fittings

To install a water supply system with your own hands, you can use or. Installation of the water supply system should be carried out at a depth below the freezing depth of the soil in the area. The simplest solution to avoid determining the freezing depth:

1. A plastic pipe, which is laid to a depth of 60 centimeters, is covered with a layer of insulation made from foam chips, coal slag or expanded clay 20-30 cm thick. The main condition for backfilling is that the insulation must absorb moisture poorly and be strong enough not to compact under soil pressure.
2. The water supply system is insulated with special thermal insulation and a corrugated polyethylene casing. Using such an insulation system, the trench can be made no more than 30 cm deep.
3. , which will allow pipes to be laid directly on the ground. But this method is too financially expensive.

The trench for the water supply should approach the house at an angle of 90°, since digging up the foundation should not cause it to shrink.

To connect the pump, a pit is made near the well with a depth of not less than a meter. The dimensions of the pit are 70x70 cm. The walls need to be strengthened - lined with bricks or boards soaked in antiseptic. The bottom of the pit is filled with concrete or covered with crushed stone.

Out into the pit water pipe with a latch for attaching the hose and electrical cable. The pit is needed in order to quickly and conveniently disconnect the pump in case of repair. The pit needs to be insulated so that the water in the hose does not freeze in winter.

The pump is connected via a waterproof socket. You can also use a sealed contact connector.

Water taps

If you plan to use the water supply in a greenhouse, then you can install cast iron or bronze valves and taps with axle boxes. It is not recommended to use ball valves, as they quickly fail under conditions of prolonged non-use.

The water distribution point is the most complex device in the water supply. It is placed in unheated room or even on the street. They are presented to him increased requirements due to harsh operating conditions in winter.

You can also use a standpipe, but it has two significant shortcomings — complex installation and the high cost of the device.

Simple scheme

The lower part of the water supply is equipped with a drain hole of small diameter - about 1 mm. If the tap is closed, then the water slowly flows through this small hole into the pit, so it does not freeze in winter.

If the tap is open, then a small portion of water also flows into the pit and is absorbed into the ground, but due to the small diameter of the hole, the entire flow of water enters the water supply and passes to the tap.

Such a simplified do-it-yourself water supply scheme for a dacha is not without several drawbacks. The main ones are:

• constant humidity in the pit
• slight loss of water.

But its simplicity and reliability made this design very popular in summer cottages and vegetable gardens.

Installation tools

To install a winter or summer water supply, you will need the following tools:

1. Pipe cutter.
2. Adjustable wrench, gas wrench and spanners Nos. 17,19,22 and 24.
3. Sanding paper.
4. Knife, pencil, tape measure.

To tighten the fittings, you can use either a suitable wrench, or gas key No. 2.

To dig a shallow trench, a shovel and a crowbar are enough. But first of all, it is necessary to mark the water supply route on the site, take all measurements and calculate the number of taps, valves and fittings.

Do-it-yourself summer plumbing

The summer water supply at the dacha is used for watering plants, for organizing summer shower, and other household needs. In winter, such a water supply system cannot be used.

It can be made permanent or removable.

How is a summer water supply system designed that will only be used in the summer?

The most common design is pipes or hoses that are laid directly on the ground. You can create such a simple water supply using silicone or rubber hoses, which are connected by adapters.

Adapters can be bought, or they can be made from plastic or metal pipes. In summer water supply, you can also use latches that have “ruffs” for putting on the hose on one side and a connector on the other. The latches connect in one motion and provide a secure connection.

It is better to buy a rubber hose with thick walls reinforced with nylon threads. Plastic water pipe at the dacha it is very cheap, but rubber hoses will last longer.

To lay a permanent summer water supply at your dacha with your own hands, the pipes are laid in the ground, and only water points with taps are brought to the surface. This is done for ease of movement around the site.

The main disadvantage is that you need to maintain a slope to the connection point. Installed at the lowest point of the water supply drain valve so that you can drain the water in the fall, otherwise frozen water will simply burst the pipes.

Watch two videos about pipe laying and connections pumping station.

It is unlikely that today anyone will be satisfied with working or relaxing in a country house where there is no water. Neither wash your hands, nor bathe yourself, nor water the garden properly, but it is pointless to talk about ensuring maximum living comfort: a sink in the kitchen, a shower and bath in the house, a toilet, a washing machine and other delights of civilization. Therefore, the first thing every summer resident cares about is autonomous water supply dachas What is the diagram of the water supply system, how to choose the right pump or pumping station, how to install and connect them, as well as laying the external and internal water supply- this is just a rough plan of research and action, and this is what our article is about.

The water supply of a dacha includes several elements that ensure the collection of water from a source, its delivery to the premises, accumulation and purification, heating and delivery to each consumer. Let's look at an approximate diagram of a water supply system for a dacha:

1. Source of water intake (well, borehole or reservoir).
2. A pipeline leading from a water source to a utility room or home. It must be equipped with a tap to drain water back from the system in case of breakdown or departure during the cold season, so that the water in the pipes and appliances does not freeze.
3. A pump or pumping station for drawing water from a source.
4. Filter rough cleaning and a check valve in front of the pumping station.
5. Fittings providing normal work systems. This ball valve, pressure gauge, pressure switch, etc.
6. A hydraulic accumulator is a water container with which you can control the system, turning the pump on and off. In addition, the accumulator always contains a supply of water in case of a power outage.
7. Filters fine cleaning. Equipment for water purification and water treatment. A set of filters is selected after studying the chemical composition of water from the source. This can be done at the sanitary and epidemiological station. By the way, filters can be installed before the hydraulic accumulator so that it contains only clean water. Water for watering the garden, washing a car and other technical needs does not need to be purified, so you can run a discharge pipe bypassing water treatment equipment.
8. Water heaters or boilers for obtaining hot water.
9. Water distribution inside a country house. Can be done different ways: sequentially or using a manifold, when a separate pipe goes to each consumer.

This is just an approximate water supply diagram for a summer residence. It can be supplemented or some elements removed. For example, a hydraulic accumulator is quite expensive, so many people decide not to use it. The sequence of elements in the circuit may also differ slightly depending on the type of pump and the source of water intake.

Which source of water supply for your dacha should you choose?

The water supply system in a country house always starts with a source. It’s good if you purchased a dacha with a ready-made well or borehole good quality. If there is no source of water on your site, then first you will have to think about how to make one.

Before deciding what to build: a well or a borehole, and how deep, talk to your neighbors. Ask what they have, whether they are satisfied, whether there is enough water and what quality it is. Sometimes it is better not to philosophize too much, but to take advantage of the experience of others. You can also take water samples from your neighbors for analysis to ensure its quality.

Well- the oldest artificial source of water supply. If an aquifer with high-quality, edible water in sufficient volume (for a family of 4 people) is located within 4 - 15 m of depth, then it makes sense to equip a well. It will cost less than a well, since you only have to pay for the materials, the rest you can do yourself. It is also more durable than a well (service life up to 50 years). One more thing undeniable advantage that in the absence of electricity, water can be scooped up in it with an ordinary bucket. There is one drawback of wells: high water can get into it, reducing the quality of the water. But this can be avoided by properly waterproofing the joints between the rings and the place where the pipe enters the well.

In some regions, it is customary to drill wells exclusively. They do it by various reasons: either good water is close (underground river or spring), or vice versa - groundwater is too low (more than 15 m).

Well "on sand" affects the upper layers of the sandy horizon. This is the very first edible underground layer. It is located after dense loam, which filters groundwater, melt and rainwater. Due to the fact that in different regions Since this layer is located at different depths, the depth of the well “for sand” can be from 10 m to 50 m. The water reserve in such a well is 500 liters. The service life is about 5 years, since the filters become clogged with sand and silt. But this is very individual, because depending on the area, at a depth of even 15 m you can get to an underground river, and the source is inexhaustible, and the filters do not clog. The service life can reach 20 years or more. It is best to drill a well “into the sand” manually, and look for a place using old-fashioned methods. As practice has shown, it is more likely to find an aquifer with high-quality water. If you use machine drilling, such a layer can simply be “slipped through.”

Artesian well uses water from a limestone layer, which can be located at different depths, from 35 to 1000 meters or more. In limestone rocks the water is of high quality, its minimum stock 1500 l, and the maximum is practically unlimited. Most often, such wells are rarely constructed for personal needs and are up to a maximum of 135 m deep. Firstly, it is necessary to obtain permission for an artesian well and register it, since this aquifer is considered the property of the state. Secondly, its construction is much more expensive than a sand well and lasts from several days to a month. The possibility of perched water entering the artesian well is excluded. groundwater, and its service life is close to that of a well, i.e. 50 years. Artesian well It makes sense to chip in with other neighbors.

If you decide to install a well at your dacha rather than a well, be sure to ask for calculations of its debit. This is necessary in order to select the right pump or pumping station.

Pumps and pumping stations for water supply - how to choose

Choosing the right pump for country water supply is one of the most important tasks.

There are pumps submersible And superficial. Submersible pumps are also called deep pumps; they can pump water from a depth of 10 to 150 m. They are located in deep wells or boreholes. Surface pumps are installed in a house or utility room; they pump from a depth of up to 9 m.

To arrange a water supply at your dacha, it makes sense to purchase a pumping station, which already includes a pump, a hydraulic accumulator, a pressure switch and a supply hose. Often such a station can be purchased everywhere.

The most common is pumping station with centrifugal self-priming pump with built-in ejector. Such a pump can suck up water from a depth of up to 9 m and supply it up to 40 m. Putting the pump into operation is very simple: open the lid of the filler hole, pour water into it so that it flows over the edge, close and turn on the pump. It will first pump air and then supply water to the system. The advantage of such a station is its low sensitivity to air in the system; it is enough to open the tap/valve on the pump to bleed it out. Such a unit is suitable for drawing water from a well or shallow well. It can be installed in a pit or caisson directly above a water source and supply water with a pressure of up to 40 m, or it can be installed in a house if the well or well is very close.

Pumping stations with a centrifugal self-priming pump with an external ejector used for pumping water from deep wells or boreholes (up to 45m), or located far from home. The stations themselves are installed in a house or utility room; two pipes lead from it, at the end of which an ejector is attached, and are lowered into a water source. One pipe supplies water to the ejector to create suction, and the second pipe supplies water to the house. The disadvantage of such a station is its sensitivity to air in the system. The advantage is that the station can be placed inside the house, and the ejector at the water intake source at a distance of 20 - 40 m from the house.

When choosing a pump, pay attention to the extreme important characteristic - suction height. Some indicate a height of 8 m, and others 20 - 45 m. Please note that the suction height of a pump of 8 m does not mean that it cannot be used for a well 15 m deep. The fact is that the water even in a deep well is much higher, at a depth of 2 - 6 m. This is due to the fact that the depth of groundwater is higher than the depth of the well, and according to the rule of communicating vessels, the water in the well rises upward.

Before making a water supply at your dacha and buying a pumping station, calculate the productivity of your water source, check the mirror level, pressure in the system and the volume of water consumption. For uninterrupted supply of water to your home pumping station productivity value should be lower than the productivity of the water source (well or well), but greater than the possible consumption/consumption of water. To calculate water consumption, you can use the data from the table by simply summing up the water consumption of several consumers that can operate simultaneously. Next, it is necessary to calculate the pressure loss depending on the length and diameter of the pipeline.

Important! You can find out the productivity of a well or well empirically, pumping it out with a motor pump and ordinary surface pump water and measuring its quantity. The mirror of water can be recognized by lowering a nut on a string into a source of water and then measuring the length.

After receiving the necessary data, you can begin selecting a pumping station; all parameters will be indicated in the passport. Please note that there is a check valve and an inlet filter.

Do-it-yourself water supply for a dacha

Arranging a water supply for a dacha with your own hands is not so difficult task, as it may seem. Let's accept that we already have a source of water supply, either it was inherited from the previous owners, or you yourself dug a well or drilled a well. All that remains is to complete all the work on installing the pump, pipeline and other equipment.

Installation of external water supply at the dacha

For a well. The first step is to dig a trench from the foundation of the house to the well, preferably without bends. Since the pipeline can freeze in winter, it must be located at a depth of 1.5 - 2 m (the depth of soil freezing in the Russian Federation). You can lay the pipe higher, but then it should be carefully insulated, for example, wrapped with an electric heating cable.

In the second ring of the well we make a hole for the pipe. By the way, you can use plastic pipes, PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene, steel and others. It is advisable to choose those that do not crack from frost. We connect pipes with a diameter of 32 mm to each other. Place a 15 cm layer of sand at the bottom of the trench.

Important! Installing a water supply at a dacha implies that it is necessary to slope the pipeline towards the water source. If the dacha will not be used in winter, then all water from the system must be drained. To do this, install a drain valve at the turn of the pipe in the well.

We insert a section of pipe into the hole in the ring, bend the pipe and lower it down to the surface of the water. We insert it inside the pipe strainer. We place the pipe at a height of 30 - 40 cm from the bottom of the well. To secure the pipe, pump out all the water from the well, drive a pin into the bottom and screw the pipe to it.

Then it is necessary to carefully waterproof the hole in the ring so that water does not get through it. We fill the pipes in the trench with a 15 cm layer of sand, then with soil, and around the well at a distance of 1.5 m with a depth of 40 cm we make a clay castle.

For well. All trench digging and pipe laying work is no different. It’s just that above the well itself it is necessary to install either a pit or a caisson so that the pipes and pump do not freeze if it is supposed to be installed directly above the well.

Consider installing a caisson. We dig the well pipe to a depth of 2.5 m and a width 2 times the diameter of the caisson. We compact the bottom of the pit and fill it with a 20 cm layer of concrete, it will support the weight of the caisson. We install a caisson in the pit. We cut the well pipe at a height of 50 cm above the bottom of the caisson. At the same depth we make a hole in the caisson for laying the pipeline. Next you need to connect the pumping station.

We fill the outside of the caisson with concrete in a layer of 30 - 40 cm, then fill it with sand and cement mixed, and the remaining 50 cm with soil.

Connecting the pumping station to the well

If the pump is remote, then it can be installed directly in the caisson. If the water is close, and the well is also close, then you can install a pumping station in the house, and only insert a supply pipe into the caisson or pit and connect it to the well pipe. A tap should also be provided here to drain the system down.

As an example, we install a pump in a caisson, connect it to the well pipe, and connect the pipe leading into the house to the pump itself. But the rest of the equipment: a hydraulic accumulator, a control relay, filters are installed in a house or outbuilding.

Connecting the pumping station to the well

For wells located close to the house and with a high water level, you can use a pumping station with a suction height of up to 9 m. It can be installed in the house itself, in the utility room or in the well itself. But for deep or distant wells, you can use a pump with a remote ejector, then the station itself can be installed in the house, and the ejector can be lowered into the well.

The room where the pumping station for the well will be located must be insulated or heated, the temperature must not be lower than +2 °C.

Before entering the pump, we install a water drain tap, a coarse filter and a check valve. Then comes the pump, followed by a fine filter with shut-off valves on both sides. This is necessary to replace the cartridge in the filter. Then the hydraulic accumulator, and after it you can install a water purification and water treatment system.

After all the elements of the pumping station, water treatment, etc., we lead a 32 mm pipe to the cold water supply collector. We install in the collector Ball Valves and connect 25 mm pipes leading to consumers or groups of consumers (as suggested by the internal water supply diagram).

For internal wiring, you can use steel pipes, metal-plastic, polypropylene and corrugated stainless steel. The latter are the most expensive, but also extremely easy to install. In terms of price and quality, water supply made from polypropylene pipes will be optimal. They are connected to each other and to fittings using an electric soldering iron, which is very easy to use and can be rented.

Important! The difficulty of installing a water supply system in a dacha lies in the fact that winter period When the room is not heated, it is necessary to drain the water from the system. To do this, the entire pipeline must be installed with a slope.

Hot water supply at the dacha can be provided using a boiler or boiler. If main gas is supplied, it makes sense to install gas water heater. If not, then you can use electric boiler. By the way, for an uninterrupted supply of hot water in the proper volume, subject to use gas boiler you also need to purchase a boiler indirect heating. For a family of 4 people, the boiler volume should be from 100 to 200 liters.

WITH reverse side From the cold water supply collector, we divert the pipe to the water heater. Let's connect here. We lead the hot water pipe coming out of the water heater into the hot water collector, where we also install ball valves and a water drain valve.

In this article, we looked at the option of a stationary water supply in the country, which can be used both in summer and winter. But if the house is not heated in winter, and its heating is turned on only when someone arrives, for example, once a week, then before the onset of frost and before each departure in winter, it is necessary to drain water not only from the system, but also from each consumer. Even from the toilet tank, washing machine etc. For summer water supply, such difficulties are not needed. It can be made from garden hoses connected to each other and laid out on the surface of the ground. After the end of the season, the water is drained from the hoses, they are twisted and put away in the utility room until the next season.