How is heating carried out in vulture houses? Optimal heating systems for houses made of SIP panels. How to heat a house made of sandwich panels
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Is it possible to build a house in two weeks?
Is it possible to heat a house in 1 day?
Is it possible to move into a new house and start living in it in 15 days?
How would you answer these questions?
Let's go in order!
Of course, everyone has heard about the technologies of prefabricated houses: there are quite a lot of them. But, perhaps, the fastest technology today is the construction technology of SIP panels. Full time construction of such 2 storey building with an area of about 150 sq. m using screw piles as a foundation is no more than 14 days. Just think: 14 days and you are the owner of the new home you have been dreaming of. New house in a place where nothing stood 2 weeks ago! Therefore, the answer to the first question is YES!
Wouldn’t it be nice to now have the same fast heating in this house, for example, in 1 day? You say this is impossible? And if possible, then it is probably very expensive? Is it possible: quickly, inexpensively and with low monthly costs? And we are ready to answer this question - YES! But how is this possible? - you ask. Elementary!
Using an Air Heat Pump that produces from 2 to 5 kW of heat for each kW of consumed electricity. This allows you to get closer to the same monthly costs as if you had mains gas. Now the heat generated by a heat pump costs only 20-30% more, but taking into account the growing trend in gas tariffs, it will become equal to it in the next 2-3 years and then become cheaper. Electricity in a heat pump is not spent on producing heat, as in electric heaters, but on the process of transferring heat from outside the house to the inside. This work is performed by freon, circulating in a closed circuit through the work of the compressor, which is the heart of the heat pump. Evaporating in the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit at a low temperature, freon takes heat from the surrounding air, which contains the stored energy of the sun in low-potential form (for example, heat can be taken even from air at a temperature of minus 15? C, as a result of which its temperature will drop to minus 20 ?C, and 5 degrees will go to freon). Moving further along the circuit, the “heated” freon is compressed by a compressor in the indoor unit, as a result of which its temperature rises to +20? C... + 45? C (depending on the degree of compression). This hot freon warms the air circulating through the heat exchanger indoor unit. In turn, this warm air and heats the room. Thus, a heat pump is a device that can take energy even from cold outside air, and then convert it into a high-temperature form that is convenient for use. By transferring hot freon indoors, you can heat the air, which heats the house. The air source heat pump can be installed in 1 day and starts working immediately. Therefore, the answer to the 2nd question is also YES!
Having built a house in two weeks and installed an air source heat pump as a heating system in 1 day, you can move into such a house and live! All that remains is to arrange the furniture!
Now let’s discuss what advantages a heat pump has in SIP houses besides its quick installation.
A house built from SIP panels is energy-saving: heat loss in it is very small. In fact, this house is a thermos. For comfortable stay in the house you need to have a room temperature in the range of +20? C...+25? C. All traditional heating systems are based on burning fuel and creating a source in the house elevated temperature, which, distributed throughout the house, heats it. But the combustion temperature is too high for humans, so it is necessary to use an intermediate agent - a coolant (water, ethylene glycol), which takes on the high-temperature combustion energy and carries it throughout the house, warming the air through water-air heat exchange devices - radiators or batteries. But the water temperature +50? C... + 90? C is still high compared to the required air temperature. That is, using traditional boilers, we are forced to greatly overheat the coolant (water), thereby wasting excess energy. In addition, there is a so-called “TEMPERATURE SAW” (heated - cooled down), because any boiler operates in the “On-Off” mode. This leads to strong fluctuations in water temperature (and, accordingly, air) near the set temperature in the range of 5? C...7? C and additional excessive fuel consumption. Only a house made of solid brick or stone can smooth out these fluctuations.
In contrast to the above, an inverter heat pump heats air or water exactly to the minimum temperature (not higher than +45? C) that is necessary to obtain a comfortable +20? C...+25? C. Maintains the temperature you set with an accuracy of 0.5? C, using a smooth change in its performance.
Nothing burns or explodes in it: it is fireproof. The installation of such heating does not require any approval from supervisory authorities. The heat pump is completely autonomous system, capable of maintaining the air temperature set by the owner even in his absence. In the event of a power failure, it automatically restarts when power is restored. Supports economy mode+8?С...+10?С, saving money and not allowing the house to freeze. Effectively heats the house even at outside temperature air temperature minus 25? C and at the same time costs less than any traditional heating system.
The heat pump's indoor unit uses louvers to direct warm air vertically down toward the floor. Warming it, warm air, swirling, fills everything inner space at home, rises up and warms the walls and ceiling. Mixing well due to initial speed and convection, warm air fills the rooms and warms them up. When the house is already warmed up, the heat pump operates in the mode of maintaining the set temperature, while spending a minimum of electricity. A necessary condition Effective heating of all rooms is the possibility of penetration of warm air there. To do this, it is necessary to keep the doors to isolated rooms ajar at least part of the day. Or install several heat pumps in the house, each of which covers its own isolated zone. A thermal power devices are selected based on the size and nature of the room.
Of all the manufacturers present on the air source heat pump market today, two manufacturers have advanced the furthest: Mitsubishi Electric and General-Fujitsu. It's them heat pumps show best characteristics heating performance at low outside air temperatures -25?C..-30?C. On average, for heating season, which is about 7 months in our latitudes, an air heat pump produces 3 times more thermal energy than electric heater, with the same electricity consumption. That is, such a heat pump, on average, produces 3 kW of heat for every kW of consumed electricity. Electricity is spent only on the operation of the compressor and control electronics. With a low initial cost (for example, a 3 kW heat pump costs from 65,000 rubles), it pays off in 2-4 seasons and lasts 15-20 years. For comparison, 1 kW of gas heating heat costs about 70 kopecks, and for a heat pump about 90 kopecks. But it's NOW! And where there is no gas or where it is expensive to supply, there are generally no alternatives to an air source heat pump. Even with a LIMIT of electricity, which is usually 5 kW, you can organize stable, full-fledged heating, because you will receive 3 times more heat! Heat pumps work most efficiently and economically in houses with low heat losses (less than 100 W/m2), namely houses made of SIP panels. Here the heat pump pays for itself even faster. Thus, heating SIP houses using air source heat pumps is optimal, both in terms of initial costs (relatively inexpensive) and monthly costs comparable to mains gas, which allows you to quickly recoup the investment.
And if you are going to become or have already become the happy owner of a house built using SIP technology, then to heat it you should use such “low-temperature”, fireproof heating systems as air source heat pumps. In addition, by installing them, you get another important advantage: in the summer, when it’s hot, they can cool the air in the house, working as air conditioners, keeping the house comfortable and cool. In this case, the street and the house change places: heat is taken inside the house and transferred outside, and this is cooling. Add to this the air purification and disinfection features found in many air-to-air heat pumps, and you have year-round Universal Home Climate System, which heats in winter and cools in summer, creating comfortable conditions for household members. It doesn't matter what the weather is like outside. Inside you always have a comfortable +20?С...+25?С!
Houses made from SIP panels are economical not only at the construction stage, but also during operation. SIP panels have low thermal conductivity, and if there is no draft in the house and there are no cold bridges in the walls, very little energy will be spent on heating.
How and with what can such a house be heated, and what option would be the best solution?
Types of heating systems for houses made from SIP panels
Heating in such a house can be anything:
- steam;
- water;
- electric.
Steam and water systems can be powered by gas, liquid or solid fuel boiler. It is also possible to use an electric boiler, but there is no point in it: it is easier to install infrared heaters.
Manufacturers of SIP panels guarantee a low fire hazard and high fire resistance of materials, but still you should not use stove heating in such a house: it is too dangerous and not convenient enough, and it will be difficult to precisely regulate the temperature with a stove. If you value autonomy, it is better to choose a boiler that runs on solid or liquid fuel.
Electric heating
Strictly speaking, such heating cannot be called a “system”. It is rather a set of devices that just need to be placed in rooms. They will show themselves well infrared heaters. Oil ones will not be as convenient, and air cannons will dry out the air.
The ideal option is a combination of IR screens installed under the ceiling with a “warm floor” system. Warm floors can also be installed using electrical equipment. This will be a convenient solution for a light home.
Main advantages electric heating— no high costs for installing the system, the ability to quickly turn the system off and on, ease of adjustment. There is also a drawback - electrical appliances consume a large number of electricity. However, in an insulated house made of SIP panels, the costs will not be as high as in a brick one.
Water and steam heating
Steam and water heating systems are almost identical, the difference is only in the coolant and some design features. The advantages of such a system are obvious.
These are low fuel costs (gas will be much cheaper than electricity, low costs for solid and liquid fuel) and opportunity autonomous heating. Alas, this is where the real advantages of the classic heating system are ending. The myths begin.
For example, it is believed that water system much more reliable than any electrical appliances and wiring. This is wrong. Damage to wiring occurs much less frequently than in metal pipes. Instead of them, of course, you can put plastic, but what to do with the heating radiator?
The second myth is that a gas boiler will justify over time high costs for installation. Alas, no one knows how much gas will cost in 10-15 years (at least how much it will take to compensate for the initial costs).
Finally, the third myth is comfort. Maybe, water heating and does not dry out the air as much as some heaters do, but in terms of ease of use, this system is not the best choice.
There are only two reasons why it is worth carrying out water or steam heating. The first is the need for hot water(if you buy a double-circuit boiler, you will also solve the issue with DHW). The second is the need for autonomy. Alas, electrical system will never be autonomous, but the water one will be completely independent.
What to choose?
It all depends on your situation. If you have a dacha that you rarely visit in winter, or a private house near the city, in an area where power is never cut off, best option- electrical system. If you live far enough away and have repeatedly suffered inconvenience due to emergency shutdowns, it is better to invest in a boiler. Ideally, solid or liquid fuel.
More information
It is absolutely no different from heating any other buildings. Install at least a Russian stove, at least a solar collector, at least a boiler or fireplace. Still warm canadian house heating is much cheaper than brick or block buildings.
How to heat a Canadian house
You don’t need to have thermodynamic knowledge, understand thermal conductivity coefficients, or calculate changes in temperature gradients to ensure that heating is economical frame house from SIP panels.
! Heating Canadian home costs the owner 5 times less than heating a house of equal size made from any other building material (including wooden beams)!
A frame house is warm in itself. But since we do not live in Africa, already at the project selection stage we need to take into account what the heating system will be like. Moreover, modern capabilities give us a huge choice in this matter.
You can use the energy of the sun and wind for this. But so far, such heating sources, unfortunately, are not very common in Russia. And if you do not belong to the “heating revolutionaries”, then the liberated thermal energy during combustion natural gas, diesel or solid fuel(pallets, coal, firewood) traditional will warm your “family nest”, frame house.
Choosing a boiler
As you know, the burned fuel is in the boiler. Depending on the type of energy carrier, boilers are divided into:
- liquid fuel;
- gas;
- solid fuel;
- electrical;
- combined.
The latter operate on different energy carriers, but their cost is higher than others. A gas boiler is considered the most economical and traditional. But, unfortunately, not all areas have a gas pipeline.
Therefore, an alternative to a gas boiler is most often a solid fuel boiler. The cost of raw materials for its operation is not so high. But the need to load, say, firewood into it every 12 hours does not attract many people.
An electric boiler is an excellent unit. True, the bill for consumed energy is unlikely to please. Although, if you compare the possible costs of gas or firewood, in fact, the numbers will not be much different. Moreover, in this case it is possible to install a heated floor.
This is especially true for homeowners with small children. Although adult uncles and aunts are also always pleased to step on a warm floor when leaving the bathroom stall.
! Count the fireplace effective means heating is hardly possible. 80% of the heat received in it “warms the sky.” That is why you can warm up “by the fireplace” only by sitting next to it in cozy armchair. And after moving two or three meters away, you can safely throw on a padded jacket!
Choosing a coolant in a frame house
Having installed the heating system in a frame house, you need to make an informed decision about what to fill the pipes with. The following options are possible here:
- water;
- antifreeze;
- oil.
It is clear that only air is cheaper than water. Therefore, if you live in a frame house all year round, then this economical option is completely justified.
But if your Canadian home is a summer retreat, and the family lives in it only from the beginning until late autumn, then you will have to pour antifreeze into the pipes. In this case, having arrived after a bitter winter in country house, you probably won’t faint from pipes bursting due to frost. Although, moving to " winter quarters“, you can drain the water from the heating system, and just as calmly come to the dacha in the spring.
Wealthy people allow themselves to pour coolant oil into the heating system of a Canadian home. The thing is so effective, there is no doubt about it. But the oil costs almost as much as red caviar... Therefore, having a warm Canadian “family nest”, choose a method of heating a house from sip panels, focusing only on your wallet. Because any of the above heating systems for a house made of sip panels will still reliably heat your home even in the most severe winter.
In a word, the main thing is to decide to build a frame house from sip panels, and then you will find an effective and low-cost way to heat it!
The heating system of a house made from SIP panels may be no different from the heating system of any other house. There are several heating options, each of them has advantages and disadvantages.
Electric heating
IN SIP houses heat is retained like in a thermos, because such houses are airtight and reduce heat loss to a minimum. Therefore, a heating system that can be adjusted, turning on and off as needed, is more relevant for them. SIP houses are considered energy efficient; they can significantly reduce the cost of heating a house.
Electric heating can be different:
- oil electric heaters;
- convectors;
- warm floor.
Optimal for home small area are . They allow you to heat the room evenly, while they are completely invisible.
Gas heating
This option is more suitable for brick house. Supplying gas and obtaining all necessary permitting documents can be very burdensome. The cost of gas is also not cheap. In addition, gas heating is good when constant heating is required. In SIP houses, such heating is often excessive.
Stove (fireplace) heating
This type of heating is the most traditional for our country, but placing a Russian stove in modern house, at least strange, and fireplace heating can hardly be called full-fledged. It is more for beauty than for warmth. Heating with wood or coal is expensive and harmful to health.
Heating of SIP houses is carried out using a unique Canadian technology.
Today, houses that have been insulated using this method are considered the warmest, and this figure is six times higher than that inherent in brick buildings.
However, Canadian technology provides a number of features that should be taken into account when choosing heating.
If the choice is not made correctly, it may turn out that living in such a house will not be very economical and comfortable.
Heating of houses from SIP panels
SIP at home can be compared to a thermos. This comparison comes from the fact that such houses do not allow heat to escape from the house. As a consequence of this, accordingly, fresh air also becomes minimal in the SIP panel houses.
In order for the microclimate in the house to be favorable, it is necessary to choose the right heating for SIP houses.
The heating system in houses made of Sip panels must be equipped with ventilation system. With its help, the house will be able to fulfill its energy-saving properties and provide you with heat and air flow. fresh air simultaneously.
The most effective is air heating of SIP houses, but you can also use:
- electric heating;
- gas;
- stove
Air heating of SIP houses
This SIP panel also consumes electricity, but it needs to be discussed separately.
It is difficult to install air heating in a SIP house yourself, so you will need to call a specialist.
However, this option saves resources well, and temperature regime It is possible to set it yourself, just as in the case of using an air conditioner.
Air heating of SIP houses and ventilation with an area of more than 250 sq. meters will cost you less than installing water heating.
Advantages air heating in SIP houses:
- absence of drafts;
- purifying the air from dust, mold, smoke and unpleasant odors;
- will provide the necessary air humidity;
- receive dosed heating flows in SIP scraps;
- the ability to set the desired air temperature;
- efficiency.
Electric heating in SIP houses
Heating of houses from SIP panels can be done different ways, but one of the most suitable is the application electrical devices:
- warm floor;
- radiators;
- convectors.
Sip houses retain warm air in the same way as water that is poured into a thermos.
So, great solution there will be a purchase of the “” system, but it needs to be designed during the construction phase. Warm floors are appropriate in homes where heat is retained for a long time and heating occurs quickly.
One of the advantages of underfloor heating is that it radiates heat from below, rather than from the walls. Wall-mounted radiators are not convenient because the heat is directed straight up.
Radiators will become the next good option for electric heating of SIP houses.
They are good because you can save on resources without installing a device in each room. If some rooms are not in use, they can be temporarily unheated without affecting the temperature in other rooms.
The radiator is easy to control; you can turn the device on or off at any time when the house has already warmed up. Electric heating lasts for a long time, and frequent switching off the device from the network will not affect wear and tear and will not consume a lot of electricity.
Another suitable option electric heating for vulture houses - purchase of convector equipment.
This type is useful because it can also be hidden under flooring, however, when , you need to take this into account so that the space under the floor matches the size of the equipment.
The convector consists of a grille and the device itself, consisting of heating element. When the device is working, it is silent, moreover, appearance the heating will not be damaged since it will be located inside the floor.
Gas heating
Speakers, gas boilers and other powerful equipment suitable for brick houses, it is designed for large heat losses.
In addition, gas heating in SIP houses can become burdensome in terms of gasification of the house.
The cost of gas heating is not cheap, especially since gas heating SIP houses require constant heating.
Due to the above characteristics, it is neither practical nor profitable to install this type in SIP panel houses.
Stove heating in houses made of SIP panels
Stove heating cannot be called unprofitable, but it can only be used for beauty, since it will be difficult to heat the entire house with a stove.
Stove or has already become obsolete and is of little use in modern times.
Heating houses made from SIP panels with a stove is very expensive and harmful to health.