How to properly plaster walls with your own hands for a beginner: step-by-step instructions, video. Proper plastering and plastering of a wall with your own hands Do-it-yourself plastering of walls in an apartment

When starting an apartment renovation, you should understand that you cannot do without plastering the walls, since they are never even. This is not a simple matter and requires certain skills, so you must first become familiar with the rules and technology for carrying out this type of work.

Why are walls plastered?

Plastering is an important process that is necessary not only for leveling walls, but also has a number of other functions:

• reliably protects against moisture and air entrapment;
• increases sound and thermal insulation;
• gives strength to brickwork;
• serves as a decorative covering.

If plastering is carried out correctly, the walls will look aesthetically pleasing and neat.

Preparation of material: what you will need for work

Before starting plastering, it is worth preparing the necessary tools and material. You need to decide on the type of plaster mixture, since today there are a large number of them, it happens:

• cement-sand;
• plaster;
• cement-lime.

When choosing, you need to take into account the type of wall, durability, and when finishing the apartment, do not forget about environmental safety (it is better to choose water-based ones). If you have concrete, aerated concrete or brick walls, a cement-lime mixture is suitable. There is a universal type - cement-sand, it is suitable for plastering different walls. The most popular at present is considered to be gypsum mixture. It is easy to use and the quality of the walls is excellent. But it is expensive and cannot be used in rooms with high humidity.

For work you should stock up:

• dowels, painting beacons, self-tapping screws;
• a screwdriver, a hammer, a grinder, scissors for cutting metal;
• building level, plumb line, tape measure;
• thread and pencil;
• spatulas - narrow and wide;
• brush, roller, iron;
• mortar, putty, primer;
• aluminum rule;
• a hammer drill with a set of drills and a mixer attachment;
• a container for mixing the solution;
• work clothes and gloves.

After preparing everything you need, you can start working.

Plastering walls with cement-sand mortar

The cement-sand mixture is universal and can be used for walls of different types (concrete, brick, wood). It has been used as a repair material for a long time. This mixture is cheap, and the process itself is quite simple and can be done independently. In addition, only this solution is suitable for wet areas. Consists of cement, sand and various additives for strength.

Despite its simplicity, it is heavy and not easy to work with. In addition, when using this mixture it is impossible to create a perfectly flat surface, so it is not suitable for painting. It is most often used when future finishing with ceramic tiles is planned.

If you decide to make the solution yourself, then the proportions are as follows: 3-4 parts of sand are added to 1 part of cement (depending on the brand of cement). Water should be poured little by little until you get a homogeneous mass.

Spraying the walls

Spray is the first layer of coating. It is applied with a thickness of 5-10 mm. The thickness depends on the smoothness of the wall; the smoother it is, the thinner the layer. If plastering occurs on a mesh, then the thickness is 1 cm.

The mixture is applied using two spatulas, wide and narrow. The solution is applied to a wide spatula, take the mixture from it with a narrow one and apply it to the wall using pressing movements. The spray is applied from bottom to top. Since the layer is considered a preparatory layer, it is not leveled and should be laid immediately without major irregularities.

Priming

Primer is a plaster coating that is covered with a second layer. Its composition is denser and has a dough-like consistency. The application thickness is 1 cm, this layer must be well leveled. If this does not work in one layer, apply a second one. Be sure to let the first layer dry completely before applying the next one.

The soil can be spread with a trowel or spread with a spatula. After application, it should be leveled using a plaster rule. It is worth noting that without the use of guide beacons, it is difficult to perfectly level the plaster.

Covering

The last layer is the covering. The solution for this layer must be semi-liquid, applied 5 mm thick with a wide spatula, the surface must be leveled in advance.

When applying the mixture and smoothing it, plaster collects on the tool; it must be removed in time and mixed with fresh composition.

Technology of plastering walls with dry gypsum mixtures

The dry gypsum mixture is simple and easy to apply. Unlike cement mortars, gypsum mortars have some advantages:

• even a thick layer of it dries quickly;
• plastic, therefore less likely to crack;
• has good adhesion, suitable for use on any surface;
• easy to prepare and convenient to use.

Plastering walls with a gypsum mixture includes several stages:

1. Surface preparation – cleaning the walls from dust and dirt, removing uneven surfaces. Then coat with a primer, preferably acrylic. If the wall is new, one coat of primer is enough; with an old surface, two. The primer should dry within 24 hours.
2. Installation of beacons - they are attached to the gypsum mixture perpendicular to the horizon with a distance of 1 m. Using a stretched cord (from one edge of the wall to the other), it is determined how far the beacon protrudes forward and its position is adjusted. After this, the gap between the lighthouse and the wall is filled with mortar.
3. Prepare the mixture according to the instructions. The mixture is poured with cold water and stirred until smooth. The solution will set faster if diluted in hot water. It should be mixed in small volumes (10-15 kg) in order to have time to use the solution before it sets.
4. Applying the mixture - it should be applied at a time to a height of up to a meter. The solution is smoothed from the bottom up; if uneven areas are detected, the mixture is added to them and leveled again.
5. Final layer - after plastering the wall completely, the last layer of mortar is applied. This is done with a spatula, the mass is applied and the excess solution is removed with the next movement.
6. Sanding is done when all layers of the mortar are dry.

Now you can start finishing work.

Sequence of work

In order for the plaster to adhere better and last longer, you should prepare the wall. The surface is cleaned down to the base - old wallpaper and trim are removed. If cracks are found on the walls, they need to be covered, as the plaster applied to them will also crack.

Sealing cracks

There are several ways to seal cracks, which one to choose depends on its thickness and their number:

• If the crack is not wide, then most likely it is deep. Therefore, it is necessary to expand it to free up access inside. The resulting gap is cleaned of dust and treated with a primer. After drying, it is covered with putty, you can use cement or gypsum.
• If there is a very narrow crack that does not go deep, it is sealed with sealant.
• To seal a wide gap, you can use foam.

Now, everything is ready for the next stage of work.

Preparing a brick wall

If the brick wall has old plaster, it should be moistened with water using a sponge, then it will come off easier. Use a spatula and hammer to carefully remove the old finish. After that, using an iron brush or a grinding machine, you need to treat the wall.

At the next stage, recesses are made between the bricks up to 7 mm. They are necessary because the plaster will fit into them and be stronger. The recesses are cleaned with a brush and a damp sponge. The process is completed by treating the wall with a primer; it should be applied in 2 layers.

How to prepare a concrete wall

It is easier to clean a concrete wall of the old finish than a brick wall, because it is smooth. The following methods can be used:

• if there is whitewash, it is moistened with a sponge and cleaned with an iron brush, after which the wall is washed well;
• There is another, dry method - a thick layer of paste is applied to the whitewash and when it dries, it is cleaned off along with the plaster using a spatula.

When the surface is cleaned, you need to make small notches on it; this is quite difficult, but necessary. If you do not want to make notches, you can use another method - priming the walls with a deep-penetrating composition, to which fine quartz sand is added. If you feel roughness after running along the wall, then the plaster will hold tightly.

Wooden walls

Old plaster can be removed from a wooden surface very easily. The wall is tapped with a hammer and the finish crumbles. Therefore, to make it easier to remove debris, place oilcloth under the wall.

In order for the plaster solution to hold better, you should fill the slats with wood (shingles). They are packed diagonally. In addition, they play the role of beacons when leveling the surface.

If there are old slats on the wall, they must be removed, as they could be rotten or there may be insects in them. Therefore, before installing new shingles, the wooden surface should be treated with an antiseptic; this will protect against mold and insects. Having filled the slats, you need to treat them with this composition again. Instead of shingles, you can use a chain-link mesh, which is attached not to the wall itself, but to the slats. The solution can only be applied to dry walls.

Foam concrete walls

The work involved in preparing this type of wall is quite long. At the first stage, the wall is cleaned; a metal brush is needed for this. Cleaning should be done thoroughly and attention should be paid to the presence of greasy stains on the surface. Grease stains must be removed; clay is used for this. It is applied to the oily area and then removed. If this does not help and the stain remains, it is cut out and the hole is sealed with a solution.

The cleaned surface is primed in several stages. After applying the first layer, it is leveled with a spatula and allowed to dry. Then the second layer is applied. Regardless of the unevenness of the wall, the primer should not exceed 2 mm. If there are large differences, they must be eliminated by installing drywall in these areas.

The next step is to install the reinforcing mesh and secure it with dowels. Now you can start plastering.

Ways to level walls

Plaster is a material that lends itself perfectly to leveling. There are two ways to level walls when plastering.

Alignment without beacons

This method is more economical as the solution consumption is reduced. When leveling without beacons:

• putty 3-5 cm thick is applied to the cleaned and primed surface with a spatula, and then partially leveled using the rule;
• when this layer has dried, the rule is to cover the missing areas.

Displaying beacons: metal, plaster, plastic

Leveling in this way ensures uniform application of the solution. Beacons are installed from each other at a distance slightly less than the length of the rule. You should start making the first two markings at a distance of 15-20 cm from the corner. A vertical line is drawn and holes for the dowels are made on it. They are installed on self-tapping screws in the same plane. A small amount of solution is applied to the line between the fastenings, and the beacons are fixed to it. This is done by pressing the rule, the beacons are attached to the heads of the screws. The excess solution that appears is removed. After placing the beacons, you should check the evenness of the installation and, if necessary, their location is adjusted.

There are several types of lighthouses:

• Metal - galvanized iron with holes that serve as stops during plastering. Excess solution is removed as a rule. Their usual length is 300 cm, and depth is 3.6 and 10 mm. They are attached with screws.
• Plaster - using them saves time and plaster, because you will not need to pull out the beacons and seal the holes. The installation process is as follows: dowels are attached, using a level they are installed at the desired height, metal profiles or a block of wood are placed on the caps. A gypsum mixture is placed under the profile. After removing excess solution, the profile is removed. The resulting strip of gypsum is a beacon; such strips must be made over the entire surface.
• Plastic - they are similar to metal ones, but consist of durable plastic. Fixed to the wall with screws. Their only drawback is that they can break if hit hard by the rule.

Plaster application technique

After installing the beacons, you can begin plastering.

Please note that when applying a thick layer, the solution must be thick. If the surface absorbs moisture strongly, it must be moistened.

Plaster is applied by throwing it on the wall. It is leveled from bottom to top. Then, moving the rule from below and holding it at an angle, the excess mixture is removed. If bubbles appear on the surface, then these areas need to be redone. This should be done until the ceiling is reached. Areas near the floor and ceiling are done after the wall has dried.

To check the result, the rule is applied from different angles. If there are metal beacons, they are removed and the holes from them are sealed.

If the wall has large irregularities, then the plaster is done in two layers. First rough, without leveling, and after 2 days the second, finishing.

After applying the plaster, grouting is done. In this case, the plaster used is more liquid and is better if the wall is not completely dry. The solution is applied to the powder and spread in a thin layer. When the wall is dry, you should go over it with a wooden float and finally sand the surface by attaching felt to the float.

How to plaster walls yourself

If you decide to plaster the walls yourself, then you should familiarize yourself with the technology and sequence of work. Study the available compositions and choose the optimal one. When making the solution, you must follow the instructions exactly.

In addition, when starting work, it is necessary to ensure appropriate conditions, there should be no drafts, high temperature. To prevent cracks from appearing, do not apply the solution to a poorly dried previous layer. Do not dilute the solution too much, it dries quickly, and you will work slowly, because you do not have experience.

Who is better to entrust the work to?

The services of a qualified finishing specialist are quite expensive, although if funds are available, the quality will be better and the repair work will be completed faster.

However, if you want to save money and test your strength in this field, then go for it. Of course, the process will take a lot of time and effort, but this type of work can really be done by yourself. In addition, you will gain new skills and be proud of the results of your work.

In any case, you can’t do without plastering the walls when renovating an apartment. And it is important to do this correctly so that the money and labor invested are not in vain. And the result did not disappoint, but delighted you with the new interior.

Plastering walls with your own hands is a procedure that is recommended to be carried out by craftsmen who only have experience in carrying out such types of finishing work. If there is none, you should identify a small area of ​​the working surface and practice on it.

Don't try to save money: sometimes it's easier to hire a professional team to do the job.

Types of coatings

Before you begin finishing work, you should learn more about the accepted standards. This can prevent you from doing the wrong thing. Construction standards SNiP III-21−73 define 3 types of coatings:

Features of the work

Depending on the type of material from which the load-bearing walls were built, as well as where they are located (inside or outside), different types of mixtures and application techniques are used. Before starting finishing work, it is necessary to clarify certain nuances of finishing various surfaces.

Brick wall

This type of wall is usually finished with cement-based mortar. In some cases, lime is added to them to create a higher effect of plasticity and moisture resistance of the solution. The thickness of the plaster layer should not exceed thirty millimeters. It is recommended to use reinforcing materials to strengthen the layer.

In the case of facing bricks, when performing finishing work, an additional number of nuances arise. Its surface is very smooth, so the solution, even when using a reinforcing mesh, can stick very poorly and subsequently fall away. To compensate for this disadvantage, the surface is pre-treated with a special primer. Only after this can you begin the main work.

Concrete wall

Smooth surfaces are initially treated with primer, which contains quartz sand or similar additives. This composition will increase adhesion and ensure better contact of the solution with the wall. For finishing such walls they are also used cement-based mixtures to which gypsum can be added. For walls that are rougher, it is enough ordinary cement plaster without adding any special components.

Aerated concrete blocks

When plastering walls based on gas or foam concrete blocks will not pose any difficulties. At the preliminary stage the surface is only treated with a special impregnation. Regular gypsum plaster or a composition based on concrete and lime is used.

What is required for do-it-yourself plastering

Naturally, no one will undertake such work with their bare hands. A good tool is needed. To plaster the walls, we will need to stock up on the following consumables and tools:

Finishing work

Plastering walls with your own hands can be done using two methods. In the first of them, at the beginning of work, beacons or threads are installed to mark the required level, and in the second, the solution is simply applied and leveled with a rule. There are many different additions and subtleties when working with both methods.

There are many stages in surface finishing. But only if all of them are observed, you can get a high-quality and even coating that will last the required period.

Preparatory stage

One of the activities during finishing work is surface preparation. It is carried out in several stages. The algorithm is as follows:

Marking

Initially, you need to check the walls with a level for deviations. Measurements must be taken over the entire surface of the wall: both horizontally and vertically. Using the rule, you should find depressions and bumps. All found defects are marked with a marker.

Work begins from the corner of the room, retreating 300 millimeters and drawing straight vertical lines from the ceiling to the floor, in increments of 160 centimeters over the entire length of the prepared surface. Next, at a distance of 150 millimeters from the edge of the wall, you need to mark the places along the line and install dowels with self-tapping screws for the beacons on them.

Then the cord is stretched from corner to corner horizontally. The result is two parallel lines. The cord must intersect all vertical lines, and at the intersection points marks are made and dowels are installed without self-tapping screws. The result is two rows of holes that run strictly along the same line.

Primer coating

This step is mandatory, since the service life of the surface to be finished depends on its implementation. The primer will increase adhesion and ventilation of the surface, and add antiseptic properties.

When covering bricks or foam blocks, deep penetration soil is used; for the rest, any soil for construction work is used.

To cover with primer, you will need a special painting container, which has a cavity into which the primer is poured, and a platform for squeezing the excess from the roller. Work is carried out in layers with an interval of 2-3 hours and with final drying for a day.

Installation of beacons

Without beacons, plastering is difficult, and in some cases impossible. This is the key to quality work. The technology for installing beacons is carried out in the following order:

• First, self-tapping screws are screwed into the prepared upper holes, after which the rule is to check how deeply the lower self-tapping screw needs to be screwed in in order to form a vertical line between them. According to this scheme, all fasteners are checked.
• After this, two diagonal lines are stretched between the caps using a thread, beacons are installed and checked to see if any of them will protrude.
• Now you need to calculate the distance between the upper and lower dowels and cut the beacon profile so that when installed it protrudes 5 centimeters in each direction.
• Then the solution is prepared and applied to the wall along a vertical line, after which the beacon prepared in the step above is pressed into the solution so that it does not protrude beyond the caps.
• After installing all beacons, a control check is carried out at the building level. It ends with the removal of the screws.

How to properly plaster walls with your own hands

Applying plaster to the wall will be considered based on gypsum mortar. Work at this stage begins with preparing the solution and preparing the necessary tools. If the walls are made of brick or foam block, they are wetted before applying the mortar so that the wall material does not absorb the liquid from the applied mortar. This prevents its premature hardening and destruction. It can be applied using two methods: using the cape principle, throwing the solution onto the wall with a spatula and stretching it over the entire surface. There is also a simpler method: the solution is simply applied to the wall and stretched with a trowel.

After applying the main part of the solution, a rule is taken, placed perpendicular to the installed beacons and carried out from bottom to top in a zigzag motion. The sharp edge of this tool will remove excess solution, which can be used to eliminate any noticed imperfections. Then once again you need to go through the treated part as a rule, but this time the movements can be performed simply from bottom to top, achieving a perfectly flat surface.

Sealing corners around the perimeter

Work in this area needs to start from the ceiling. A solution of the same consistency is prepared as for the walls, but narrower spatulas are used. The formation of a small overlap on the main part of the surface is not critical: they can be removed in the future with sandpaper. Using this principle, all corners throughout the entire volume of the room are sealed.

When finishing corners, an already finished surface will serve as an example of a plane, and you can ignore the beacons. In this case, you need to use a square to maintain the perpendicularity of the corners.

At the end of the work, it is necessary to check the surface for the formation of cracks. If they occur, you need to seal them with a more liquid solution. If differences of more than one millimeter are formed, they are removed with the sharp edge of a trowel. Only then can the beacons be finally removed and the resulting gaps sealed with mortar. The final treatment involves sanding. When working with gypsum plaster, no finishing is required. At this point the finishing work is completed. All that remains is to wait until the applied solution dries and gains hardness.

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Sooner or later, the topic of renovation comes up in every home. The final appearance of the room will depend on the quality of the preparatory work carried out. Having once applied effort to a high-quality finish, in the future it will only be possible to periodically re-stick the wallpaper or change the color of the walls. Initially, it may seem that the work cannot be completed by a non-professional craftsman. But you can try to make at least rough sketches. In addition to moral satisfaction, this will also significantly save your personal budget. This review describes in detail the entire technological process, how to plaster walls with your own hands for a beginner. Videos and step-by-step instructions will help you understand the construction nuances.

Start of the process

The main purpose of plaster is to level the geometry of wall and ceiling bases in order to eliminate unevenness or defects. It is used for rough finishing. The application technology allows the mixture to be applied in a thick layer in case of large deviations. By plastering the walls in the apartment, you can get the most even foundations.

According to its composition, plaster is as follows:

• plaster;
• cement.
• limestone;
• lime-cement;
• lime-gypsum;
• gypsum cement.

The most important difference between them is the drying time of the solution. Gypsum mortar requires up to a week to dry completely, cement mortar will take about a month. Therefore, compositions with should be used in cases where it is necessary to achieve maximum durability.

This coating will last for several decades. Modern manufacturers introduce polymer additives into the mortar mixture, which speed up drying by up to two days. The cement mixture is used to level surfaces in basements or to lay tiles.

The process of leveling walls with plaster with your own hands is quite labor-intensive, so gypsum solutions are often used. With gypsum compositions, it is important to maintain humidity conditions. Gypsum plaster can be applied in one layer, which significantly saves the budget. Finishing is carried out both on a brick base and on wooden surfaces. To achieve perfect smoothness, the coating should be puttied after the plaster has dried.

For beginning craftsmen, cement plaster with polymer additives is better suited for walls. Video tutorials will help you understand and painstakingly complete the entire process in compliance with the technological sequence.

Plaster, putty - similarities and differences

A person who is far from understanding construction terms will at first glance decide that these are synonyms for one type of construction work. In fact, these concepts have both similarities and significant differences. Both materials are intended for leveling surfaces, but this is where the similarity ends.

Related article:

Plaster and putty - what is the difference and general features, in what cases they should be used, recommendations from experts - read about this and much more in our review.

putty

Manufacturers offer a dry composition or a ready-made plastic solution. Cement, gypsum and polymers are added as binders. Using putty, you can smooth out small surface defects and make the base smooth after plastering. For cracks up to 10 millimeters in size, a starting composition is used. used for final leveling of surfaces.

You cannot mix starting and finishing putty. Compositions of different homogeneity can form additional defects on the substrates.

Plaster

Using plaster, you can level surfaces with deviations of up to 15 centimeters. In addition, it acts as thermal insulation of surfaces, in some cases additional moisture protection.

Plaster can be ordinary or decorative. The composition contains large grains. It is used as a rough leveling or finishing structural coating.

When applying putty and plaster, different technologies are used. For plaster this happens as follows:

• The first layer is applied using the spray method, which hides large surface defects. In addition, it serves as additional adhesion to subsequent layers;
• the implementation of the middle layer ensures the leveling of surfaces;
• finishing putty or coating – finally smoothes the base.

Apply using individual technology. The plaster composition needs several days to dry completely, the putty is ready the next day.

Advice from an experienced master: how to plaster walls correctly

Before carrying out repair work, it is necessary to study the features of the base of wall surfaces. The method of performing the work will depend on this. For smooth walls, a spatula and a level are enough. Substrates with large defects and deviations can only be leveled using. You may need a large amount of mixture. In this case, additional reinforcement should be performed on the wall.

There are several rules for plastering walls:

• first of all, the wall surfaces are cleaned and primed;
• in the second stage, the bulk of the plaster is applied and distributed;
• At the final stage, the base is covered and cleaned.

A video on how to properly plaster walls will help you complete all the work correctly:

Consumables and tools for plastering walls

• plaster;
• primer for pre-treatment of wall bases;
• beacons in case of large surface deviations;
• the rule for aluminum plaster is 2 m long for drawing out the composition and 2.5 m for installing beacons;
• bubble level at least 2 meters long;
• spatula 15 cm wide;
• construction float;
• trowel;
• bucket;
• roller with tray or brush for priming;
• gloves;
• perforator with a nozzle for stirring the mixture;
• dowels, screws, Phillips screwdriver, metal scissors for cutting beacons;
• hammer;
• metal ironing;
• roulette;
• plumb line

Some tools are already available in every home. Something will have to be purchased or rented. But this is not a tool for one repair; everything will be useful in subsequent repairs. You could say it’s an investment in the future. Now we know what tools are needed for plastering walls, we can start making repairs.

What you need to know to prepare high-quality plaster

To prepare cement plaster, mix cement and sand in a ratio of 1:3. Water is gradually poured into the composition with constant stirring. The result should be a solution with the consistency of sour cream with high fat content. Before mixing, you should read the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. If repair work is carried out in a room with high humidity, experts advise adding lime. It will remove excess moisture and make the microclimate more comfortable.

For surfaces made of concrete and foam concrete blocks, it is recommended to use gypsum-lime plaster. Its plasticity is well maintained on the base. To prepare such a solution, pour gypsum into a bucket of water in a thin stream, then quickly mix everything, adding milk of lime. This mixture is applied quite easily, and will help beginners get their hands on finishing work.

To plaster walls with your own hands, you can buy a ready-made mixture, which is offered in a wide variety in construction hypermarkets and stores. This is the easiest way to prepare.

Preparing walls for plastering

The work process of preparing the surface for plastering begins with cleaning the base from previous coatings. After that, the level of deviations should be determined in order to determine whether additional work is needed or can be done without.

Then you should carefully prime all bases with a brush or roller. It is necessary to choose a deep penetration primer; there is no need to skimp on the composition at this stage, this will help the putty to adhere well to the surfaces. In addition, it will protect the walls from excess moisture and prevent the occurrence of mold and fungus, which can cause corrosion of the material.

Do-it-yourself plastering of walls without beacons, video of step-by-step application

Before applying plaster to the walls with your own hands without beacons, after the primer has dried, you should thoroughly moisten all bases with water.

Photo	Description of work
	Before starting work, we clear the floor of debris so that it is convenient to collect the fallen solution, and all sockets are closed.
	All the walls get wet
	Spread the mixture with a spatula onto a 1 m² base in random order. We perform all actions with the hand. This is important so that the mixture hits the base accurately and does not scatter. It is necessary to simply apply it, then the plaster will penetrate into the hollow areas of the walls, in addition, this method will increase adhesion to the surface.
	Use a grater to smooth out the wall using random movements. Layer thickness is about 5-7 mm. All surfaces are gradually plastered using similar movements. Work should start from the floor to the ceiling. There is no need to perfectly level the base; a rough surface will improve the adhesion of the second layer. The drying time of the first layer should be at least 2 hours.
	After the first layer has dried, you need to go over all surfaces as usual. It will remove all large irregularities. The construction tool should be pressed tightly to the base and all walls should be leveled with arbitrary movements.
	When performing the second layer, the solution is applied to the base with a trowel using a spatula. Leveling should be done with some effort and voluntary movements.
	After setting, it is necessary to check the quality of application. Protruding bumps are removed in a circular motion with a construction float, which should be periodically moistened with water. This will help with quick soaking and better removal of the mixture. To remove depressions, you need to rub a small amount of plaster into these places. The second stage levels the walls as much as possible. Drying time is about 3 hours.
	The third stage is the most painstaking. It is necessary to level the wall surfaces with a thin layer until they are as smooth as possible. The plaster should be diluted with a small amount of water to a more liquid state. Work is carried out from top to bottom. The solution is poured onto the walls with a ladle and smoothed in a circular motion until perfectly smooth. Drying time – up to 8 hours.
	The grout will give the walls a velvety feel. The surfaces are spilled with water, then a construction trowel should be walked over them. This step can be omitted if tiling or stone cladding is planned in the future.
	Excess mortar is removed from the ceiling surface.

Drying time is several days at average temperature and moderate humidity. At elevated temperatures, all surfaces should be periodically moistened with water to avoid the formation of cracks.

If in the instructions on how to level walls without beacons, some points are not clear, watch the video with an accessible description of the entire technological process:

Step-by-step application of plaster on walls with your own hands using beacons: video with detailed description

If the deviations on the base are large enough, plastering should be carried out with additional installation of beacons. After preliminary preparation and treatment of surfaces with a primer, their installation begins. If work is carried out in rooms with high humidity or with large defects in the foundations, you should attach a mesh for additional reinforcement before leveling the walls along the beacons with your own hands. Video tutorials will help you do the work correctly. It is secured using a mixture or dowels.

The sequence of plastering work is similar to the process without installing beacons. The solution is applied in a dense layer between the beacons with a slight extension beyond them. As a rule, using zigzag movements from below towards the top, the plaster is leveled. The excess is removed with a spatula, the voids are filled with new solution. After passing the entire surface, leveling must be repeated from top to bottom.

At the end of the work, you should check the result using the rule. The protruding parts are rubbed down. After which it is necessary to perform leveling with a liquid mixture. Before work, you can watch professional videos of beacon plastering for beginners. This will prevent mistakes in repair work.

Methods for installing beacons - advantages of fastening with screws

Placing beacons under plaster can be done in two ways: using plaster mixture or using self-tapping screws. For non-professional craftsmen, it is better to choose the second fastening method. A reliable and fast method proves the advantages of such fastening, including financial ones.

Photo	Description of work
	The level makes vertical markings at a distance less than the length of the rule by 20 centimeters.
	Using a hammer drill, holes are drilled for beacons around the perimeter.
	Dowels 8x40 mm are driven in with a hammer.
	Screws 40-45 mm long for plaster layers up to 30 mm. In areas with a thicker layer, longer fasteners should be used.
	The heads of the beacon screws should be aligned with a level along the perimeter.
	The fastening elements for the beacons are fixed on the screws.
	Attaching beacons around the perimeter.
	Work is carried out similarly on the entire surface of the walls.
	The wall is checked with a thread for the presence of protrusions. If the base protrudes too much, it can be adjusted by screwing in a screw.
	The template checks and aligns all the caps.
	All elements and beacons are fixed.

This method saves time exactly four times. The video below describes the entire installation process quite clearly:

At the end of the work, professionals recommend removing the beacons and sealing the resulting stripes with a solution so that rust does not appear during operation. This is a controversial opinion. If the beacons were purchased from a branded retailer and they are of good quality, there is no need to remove them.

Plaster mixtures - varieties, advantages, disadvantages

A wide variety of solutions puts an unprofessional craftsman in a difficult position. Before choosing the best way to plaster the walls in an apartment, you should study the manufacturer’s instructions for using the compounds. A properly selected mixture will last for decades.

Plastering walls with your own hands using cement mortar: video tutorials from masters

One of the most durable and labor-intensive solutions, on the one hand, and the longest lasting when applied correctly, on the other. The main disadvantage of the coating is the need for finishing putty. Plastering walls with cement mortar along the beacons allows you to hide large deviations and surface defects. To correctly complete the entire process, you can first watch various videos of professional craftsmen that are posted on the Internet.

The cement mixture behaves well in rooms with high humidity, for example in the kitchen or bathroom. It does not lose its properties in garages, on plinths, in basements.

How to plaster walls with gypsum plaster: video and professional nuances

Gypsum compositions are only suitable for indoor work. The main advantage of this method is that no additional plastering of surfaces is required. Using a plastic compound, you can level the bases to an ideal state. The negative aspects of leveling walls with gypsum plaster include increased humidity in the premises, for the finishing of which other compositions should be used.

A significant difference from other solutions is the drying time. Literally after 10-15 minutes the solution becomes unusable, so you should calculate the speed of work and do not dilute the mixture in large quantities. Gypsum plaster is convenient for working on ceiling surfaces or corners. You can watch a video master class on leveling ceilings and other bases.

Do-it-yourself finishing plaster: video of interesting applications

For finishing, dry mixtures or ready-made compositions are used. The choice should be made depending on the purpose of the room. For internal ones, you can use cement-based plaster. For internal bases, a gypsum composition is suitable. Polymer is a universal mixture; various additives allow it to be used on almost any surface.

To plaster walls for painting, manufacturers offer special compositions with different structures.

Photo	Type of solution
	Structural solution - the composition contains large grains and wood fibers. The final design of surfaces depends on the particle size.
	The relief composition is interspersed with marble elements and artificial fibers.
	A textured mixture - various additives and a heterogeneous structure; you can apply an application that imitates a bark beetle.
	Terrazite composition - glass particles, mica and marble chips are added to the mixture. Grains can be up to 6 mm in size.
	Flock plaster is a composition with acrylic flakes. The final coating can be treated with a varnish composition.

When plastering walls under wallpaper, you don’t need to achieve perfect alignment. Textured wallpaper will partially hide minor irregularities. Absolute gloss is important for painting. The process of finishing putty is quite labor-intensive and can take a lot of time and attention. But the result will delight you with its impeccability.

How to plaster walls with your own hands for a beginner: video and features of application to various surfaces

Modern production offers a wide variety of plaster mixtures. Before plastering walls with your own hands, you should familiarize yourself with the characteristics, composition and recommendations for use. Different surfaces require different approaches.

Brickwork works

Plastering walls can be done with either cement mortar or gypsum mixture. For exterior work, only a cement mixture is suitable. Since this type of work is carried out on the initial masonry, it must be completed flawlessly, avoiding swelling and defects. It is important to consider the execution time. If the construction work was carried out not very long ago, the walls should be allowed to shrink for some time to prevent cracking.

If you need to plaster brick walls with a previously applied finish, it should be completely removed. And only after complete cleansing of dust and dirt should you begin repair work. A brick base requires the installation of beacons, since the walls have quite large defects and deviations. All the following works are similar.

To help you learn how to plaster a brick wall with your own hands, you can familiarize yourself with the step-by-step process in the review, watch this video tutorial:

Work on concrete surfaces

For concrete walls, plastering work should be carried out more carefully. For better adhesion to the previous layer, the plaster should be rubbed in with some force for a more durable connection. Otherwise, the entire application process is no different from performing work on beacons.

Plastering wooden walls

The process of plastering wooden walls inside a house is somewhat different from the previous ones. The main difference is that plaster does not adhere to a clean wooden surface. First, you should make a frame from the lathing, which can be made of wooden slats or metal mesh.

When installing wooden sheathing or shingles, thin slats with dimensions from 3x15 to 5x20 mm are used. When purchasing, it is important to pay attention to the quality of the wood; it should have a light color. When fastening, the nails are not driven in completely, but to the middle, so that the head can be bent and additionally press the rail.

Advice! To prevent deformation of the shingles, all ends of the planks should be well secured.

Under the sheathing, you can install additional thermal insulation from felt, after pre-impregnating it with an antiseptic. The metal mesh is attached in a similar way.

Before plastering a wooden wall, carefully watch the instructional videos. The process is not complicated, but you should know many nuances of the technological sequence. The mixture is applied as usual. You need to be careful when pouring the mortar onto the sheathing; there may be voids behind it. Therefore, work should be performed at an angle of 45° alternately on one side and the other.

Foundation plaster

Before plastering the foundation of a house with your own hands, you must completely clean all surfaces of dirt, dust and greasy deposits. If the concrete base is more than a year old, you can apply notches for better adhesion of the mortar. On a brick foundation, use a spatula to clean all the seams from the old mortar.

In the second stage, all surfaces are generously primed, then deep defects are leveled with cement mortar. The same mixture should be used to fill previously cleaned joints in the brickwork.

To ensure reliable adhesion of the mortar to the foundation, you can pre-tension and secure the metal mesh. After which you can begin the technological sequence of applying cement mortar. All work must be carried out in warm, dry weather.

Good to know! To improve the quality of the cement mortar, you can add PVA glue, thanks to which the mortar will acquire some plasticity and will be easier to work with.

Conclusion

Now we know all the features and capabilities of wall plastering and can independently complete the entire process, from rough wall finishing to decoration. The knowledge gained will help you approach the choice of material and technological process responsibly. And additional physical activity will only be useful.

Plastering walls is a painstaking and complex job. To perform this, special compounds are usually used, most often gypsum-based. In addition, for a high-quality result, it is very important to follow the correct sequence of the process: it is performed in several stages.

Plastering walls is a task that requires special knowledge, skills and abilities from the performer. Correctly leveling the walls will make the gluing process easier and will significantly improve the appearance of the room. This kind of work can be done independently, but more often it is still trusted to the masters. In any case, when carrying out this procedure you will have to take into account some nuances.

To get a high-quality result (perfectly smooth walls), you need 4 components of success:

• experienced master plasterer;
• high-quality plaster mixture (you need to carefully familiarize yourself with its composition and the manufacturer);
• proper preparation of the solution;
• proper storage conditions for the plaster mixture before starting work (no moisture allowed).

In addition, you need to clearly understand the purpose for which the walls of a given room are finished with plaster. Plastering walls under wallpaper is a slightly different situation than plastering bathroom walls under tiles. In this case, you need to properly plaster the walls with gypsum plaster so that the main decor (tiles or wallpaper) sticks.

The best way to plaster walls depends on the home owner’s wallet, as well as on the characteristics of the room in which repairs need to be made. In addition, it is important to understand why you should plaster walls - for wallpaper, tiles or just painting.

Which plaster is better to use? First, you need to know that plaster can be dry or wet. Secondly, both dry and wet plaster exist three types:

• ordinary (actually the composition for leveling the walls);
• decorative (colored, terrazite or stone);
• special.

The cheapest option is lime plaster. But this option, unfortunately, is short-lived and is only suitable for plastering walls inside the building. The outer part is plastered with a different composition. In addition, lime is absolutely not suitable for the bathroom. The fact is that lime is afraid of moisture.

The main advantages of gypsum plasters are good sound and heat insulation. This is a plastic material in which cracks rarely form. This plaster dries quickly and hardens. A few hours are enough for this.

Unfortunately, such mixtures are not sufficiently resistant to moisture and mechanical damage. Before plastering the walls with gypsum plaster, you need to study all the features of the room. At the same time, you can decorate the walls with Rotband (popular gypsum plaster) even in the bathroom.

Cement is a universal option for plastering walls both inside and outside. The main advantages of the material are resistance to moisture and temperature changes. It can also be used to plaster bathroom walls before laying tiles. It is recommended to choose it if the owners do not know which dry or wet plaster is best for finishing internal or external walls.

Also, many users are interested in how quickly the applied plaster will dry. From this point of view, cement and gypsum mixtures are practical. In addition, you need to read on the bag or bucket with the mixture at what temperature the mixture dries fastest.

Types of dry plaster

Dry plaster May be:

• simple;
• improved;
• high quality

The quality of dry plaster is determined by differences. Normal - with differences of no more than 3 mm, improved - with differences of no more than 2 mm. In high-quality, differences of a maximum of 1 mm are allowed.

The simple one is usually finished in warehouses, basements and other premises for utility purposes; the second one is used in public institutions - hospitals and schools. But the walls of residential buildings are finished with high quality.

To know how to plaster walls with your own hands, you can read a lot of tips on the Internet.

However, it all comes down to two options: plastering with beacons and without beacons. Anyone can learn how to plaster walls, although it will be more difficult for a beginner than for a professional plasterer.

When deciding how and with what to plaster the walls in the bathroom under tiles or the walls of living rooms before wallpapering, it is important to correctly assess the quality of the existing surface.

To plaster the walls yourself, you will need to apply the solution in three layers. The resulting excess is removed with a trapezoidal spatula. You will have to buy it before plastering walls of any material with your own hands.

In any case, the solution must be applied extremely carefully.

Plastering on a plane (using a rule) is a good option if the walls are relatively flat. If there are serious unevenness on the walls, the contractor has no other choice but to plaster the walls according to the beacons. Thanks to beacon profiles, unevenness is eliminated with an accuracy of 1 mm/m2.

Typically, metal beacons are used for this, although artificial plaster beacons can also be created. In the second case, you can save the plaster mixture (the layer with iron beacons will be at least 6 mm).

Before plastering aerated concrete walls, you need to make sure that the plaster mixture is ideal for them. This material is environmentally friendly, it allows oxygen in and removes carbon dioxide from the room, so the choice of plaster should be taken responsibly.

The technologies of how to plaster walls made of foam block, foam concrete, as well as how to plaster concrete walls, differ little from each other. It is important to choose only the right mixture. The technologies for plastering wooden walls are also similar.

How to plaster brick walls depends on the location of the surface to be finished. Concrete and other moisture-resistant materials are suitable from the outside, but plastering brick walls inside the house is also permissible with gypsum mixtures.

The method of plastering walls with cement-sand mortar is similar to the methods of working with any other means for wall finishing. The main thing is to add the required amount of water.

How to plaster walls using beacons?

Many users are looking for tips on how to plaster walls without beacons. Here you have to determine the layer thickness and surface quality by eye. This method is suitable for relatively flat surfaces. This way minor imperfections are smoothed out.

Plastered walls are already finished with the chosen paint, wallpaper or tiles - it depends on the purpose of the room and the desires of the owner.

Mother of two children. I have been housekeeping for over 7 years - this is my main job. I like to experiment, I constantly try different means, methods, techniques that can make our life easier, more modern, more fulfilling. I love my family.

Using mortars, decorative and protective surfaces are created and walls are leveled. They are used for various reasons, and... The correct use of universal technologies allows you to successfully solve various functional and aesthetic problems. This article talks about how to plaster walls with your own hands as a beginner. Videos, step-by-step instructions, comments and other materials will help you learn the nuances of professional techniques.

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What is plaster: learning general information

The purpose of using this technique is to create a durable layer that eliminates unevenness and other defects of the original surface.

Homogeneous solid plaster provides good protection from wind and other adverse external influences. It performs full-fledged work and improves economic performance during the operation of the property.

This is a suitable base for pasting. In the process of work, they create high-quality external and internal corners, connections with frames, floors and ceilings. On such surfaces it will not be difficult to attach other parts later without the formation of cracks.

This photo shows an example of a spectacular one. The unique appearance was created based on techniques that are discussed in detail in this article.

Related article:

Composition and types of coating, manufacturers, examples of using decorative mixtures, how to prepare them yourself, instructions for application - in this material.

From the examples above, it is not difficult to understand the basic requirements for a suitable mixture:

• To securely adhere to a variety of surfaces, it must have good, but not excessive, adhesive characteristics. Otherwise, the composition will stick to the tools, which makes it difficult to accurately perform work operations.
• The appropriate consistency is determined in the same way. As a rule, they prefer to use a thickness similar to that of full-fat sour cream.
• After hardening, it is desirable to obtain a surface that is resistant to mechanical stress. This will prevent damage due to careless handling.
• Health safety is a must. Wall plaster is used inside residential premises, so maximum attention is paid to environmental friendliness.
• Washable, color, antiseptic properties can be provided with appropriate additives. But in any case, the durability of the layer will come in handy. Its creation involves labor-intensive wet processes, so it will be beneficial for any owner to increase the interval between.

The listed criteria meet a mixture of sand, water,... It is supplemented with lime and gypsum to improve ductility and adhesion to a certain surface. Below are popular "recipes". With their use, high-quality wall plaster will be created. Video lessons along with written step-by-step instructions will help you independently understand the important nuances of technological processes.

What is the difference between plaster and putty: the correct use of construction technologies

Not only the composition, but also the application features are similar. What is the difference is described in this part of the article. In both versions, the main components are sand, cement and water. However, on large areas it is more convenient to work with relatively large fractions of fillers. Putty is used for sealing small cracks, joining elements from, and other “delicate” operations. In this case, small components that form a smooth surface are useful.

The plaster is applied sequentially, in layers up to 10 mm. For thicknesses greater than 30 mm, reinforcement is used. As noted above, this technology can provide good insulation from external influences.

This tool is most often used for masonry. However, it is also used for plastering walls. Stir with a trowel, scoop up and throw the solution onto the wall. Using the narrowed part, work operations are performed in corners and cracks are sealed.

The narrowed trapezoid shape is well suited for neatly filling seams with the mixture. In particular, such a tool is used when forming surfaces from sheets. It is also convenient for them to separate old plaster and remove dirt from cracks.

This tool is used to work with figured pilasters and other complex elements. The tapered front part of the blade is well suited for dosing and distributing solution in hard-to-reach places and on curved surfaces.

This tool received this name from the name of the special technology of decorative finishing. walls are made using plastic mortars. Apply thin layers with careful leveling of the smallest irregularities. For high-quality and fairly quick reproduction of work operations, a perfectly smooth large work surface is useful. The rounded corners of the trowel prevent scratches.

For your information! Experienced craftsmen purchase identical blades in several sizes. Large ones are used for stirring and spreading, creating the first plaster coating. To apply subsequent layers and perform “jewelry” work, compact tools are used.

From this photo it is not difficult to understand the principle of working with the tool. It is moved with support from the beacons to form a flat surface.

This tool removes uneven surfaces. The photo shows a grater with a replaceable blade.

Use specialized mechanization tools

To perform certain operations, in addition to gloves, you will need a respirator. Other personal protective equipment. The list of necessary purchases is compiled after selecting a specific technology, taking into account the characteristics of the property and other important factors.

How to prepare a solution for plastering walls

• When plastering walls with your own hands using factory mixtures, use the official instructions of the manufacturer.
• The created solution should be well fixed on a vertical surface.
• It is necessary to obtain such a consistency that there are no difficulties when smoothing with the rule.
• A mixture that is too dry will form lumps and uneven surfaces. If the moisture concentration is excessive, the solution flows down.
• Be sure to specify the period within which the finished composition must be completely used. If you lack qualifications, it is better to prepare a small amount for the work cycle.

If there are no special instructions for creating a solution, use the following algorithm of actions:

• Prepare a container of the required size. A light plastic bucket is suitable, which is not damaged by a construction mixer and can be quickly cleaned of dirt. Unlike metal analogues, it does not produce loud sounds when in contact with metal working tools.
• First, pour in clean water. There is no need to boil it, but it is necessary to exclude colored impurities and strong odors.
• Dry ingredients are added gradually, mixing thoroughly.
• When the lumps are eliminated, leave the solution for 3-4 minutes. Next, check the viscosity, add water and other components in the correct proportions until the desired consistency is obtained.

For your information! For standard cement-based formulations, wall plastering in one batch should be completed in 45-60 minutes. If the composition contains gypsum, the work will have to be completed twice as fast.

The most important stage of finishing work: preparing walls for plastering

• The base for applying a new layer must be strong, so the old and other coatings are removed.
• Check the condition of the walls. If detected, cracks are sealed and elements to strengthen the load-bearing frame are installed.
• If dampness is detected, eliminate the source of its occurrence. They repair and install high-quality equipment.
• Next, you need to prevent the walls from absorbing moisture from the plaster mortar. For this purpose, they are used depending on the wall material.
• Special compounds improve the adhesive properties of the surface. If mechanical processing is used for this, the final stage is to remove contamination from the working area.

How to plaster walls without beacons with your own hands: video and useful tips

This technology is used in basements, technical rooms, attics and other objects where it is not necessary to create an ideal surface.

Photo	How to level walls without beacons: step-by-step instructions with expert comments
	If you do everything correctly, you can ensure high quality with economical consumption of building mixture. It should be noted that such techniques are indispensable when working in cramped conditions, when it is necessary to plaster walls behind pipes and.
	Pre-remove the solution build-up and seal large holes. The brick is old, so the standard solution (wetting with water) will not work. Careful processing required.
	There are corners in the design. They will need to be covered with plastic or metal covers.
	To create the first layer, no casting is used. Use sequential treatment of small areas, rubbing small doses of the solution into the wall. It is at this stage that all voids in the masonry can be filled. A wide spatula makes leveling the surface easier. When performing smooth movements, it is not difficult to notice and eliminate depressions and bumps.
	Next, the rule is to check the evenness of the wall section and install the corners. Mark the places (recesses) where unevenness needs to be removed.
	Start applying the second layer. After fixing the plaster on the wall, they again use the rule to control the surface. They can also use excess solution.
	After 30-40 minutes the finishing layer is applied. At this stage, small doses of the solution are used, since in fact only corrective actions are needed. On a fairly flat surface, the material consumption is small. It is especially important here that there are no lumps or foreign bodies in the mixture. In a real situation, the time is set taking into account the characteristics of a certain recipe.

At the final stage, after hardening, the top layer is treated with a grater. Experienced craftsmen remove small defects with a spatula. When plastering walls with your own hands without beacons, you can save consumables. But here you will have to spend more effort and time to get good results. But in some cases, perfect quality is simply not necessary.

Video of siten plastering without beacons using gypsum mortar:

What are the differences between plastering walls with your own hands using beacons: video with professional comments

Photo	Plastering walls using homemade beacons: step-by-step instructions
	After removing old decorative and insufficiently durable coatings, construction defects are eliminated. Next, apply the primer with a paint roller.
	Mark the installation location of the beacons in such a way that when performing work operations, the rule rests on two reference lines simultaneously.
	Marks are made at a distance of 5 cm from each edge of the instrument. If the 250 cm long rule is selected, the distance between the beacons should be 240 cm or slightly less.
	Holes are drilled according to the marked marks. Plastic dowels are driven into them with a hammer.
	Screw in self-tapping screws with wire rings. Similar operations are performed on the other side of the wall.
	To accurately set the desired level, wooden pegs are used. The dimensions of these elements and the corresponding position of the string are selected taking into account the position and geometric features of the wall.
	Use a bubble level to control the vertical. If necessary, change the position of the strings. When suitable pegs are selected, screw the screws until they stop to tighten the wire tightly.
	Mix the solution in accordance with the manufacturer's official recommendations. This procedure does not require the ideal state of the finished mixture, but it is more convenient to work with high-quality consumables, without lumps.
	Using a plaster spatula, apply the solution near the string. Remove excess parts from the surface of the tensioned wire. After hardening, remove small irregularities from the surface of the created beacons with a spatula.
	Start mixing the ingredients. Dry ingredients are poured into water. Next, use a construction mixer. At this stage, you should create a high-quality solution with a uniform structure and optimal density.
	Apply the mixture using trowels (trapezoidal trowel). For preliminary smoothing, use a wide spatula.
	Next, apply the rule. They use it to pull the solution to the side. Lighthouses serve as longitudinal supports. Small movements up and down make this operation easier.
	Continue plastering the walls in the same way. After completing the treatment of the entire area, wait 10-15 minutes until the top layer “sets.” Afterwards, remove small irregularities with a grater or a wide spatula.

Watch this video of lighthouse plastering for beginners:

It shows how this technology creates a high-quality, flat surface. It can be painted and wallpapered without additional processing after drying.

In this video, leveling the wall using beacons with your own hands is done with preliminary reinforcement:

This technique can be used instead of creating special irregularities. The mesh will also provide increased resistance of the layer to mechanical stress.

Additional consultation: setting beacons without errors

A drawing of the premises will help to accurately establish the placement lines of vertical beacons.

The locations of their installation are marked in the figure, taking into account the length of the rule. As with the strings, here you need to make the distance less than this leveling tool. It is necessary to leave a sufficient distance to internal corners and other obstacles.

This figure shows the principle of field construction. Instead of nails, it is more convenient to use self-tapping screws that are screwed in to the required depth. First, screws are installed at points 1 and 3. A cord is pulled between them and elements 7 and 8 are installed. Verticals (1-2; 3-6-4) and others are controlled using a plumb line. If necessary, change the position of the screws to obtain a clear line.

Diagram (1) shows installation using specialized fasteners. Bubble (2) and laser (3) tools are used to check surfaces. Using a stretched string (4), the exact level of one line is established.

Correct selection and use of different materials

It will be possible to find out in the apartment after a detailed familiarization with the features of different recipes. It is quite convenient to work with ready-made building mixtures. They are sold dry, so subsequent dilution with water and mixing will be required. The main advantage is the carefully selected composition. The disadvantage is the relatively high cost. With the right choice of ingredients, you can create a professional-grade solution.

Features of plastering walls with your own hands with cement mortar: video and written instructions

The first layer of wall plaster is called “spray”. It is applied with a liquid solution to fill the smallest pores and cracks as evenly as possible. When setting occurs (but before it dries completely), apply a second, thicker one. A rough surface is created on it. The mixture for the next layer is created from fine sand with the addition of lime. This will increase ductility. The following table shows the technical parameters and quantities of ingredients. Knowing the proportions, you can change the parameters taking into account the characteristics of a particular project.

The video shows an example of plastering walls with cement mortar using beacons:

How to plaster walls with gypsum plaster: video, important nuances

When using mixtures on this basis, rapid hardening must be taken into account. It should also be noted that it is slightly less resistant to moisture without special additives. In this case, a more dense structure without pores is obtained, which worsens the insulating characteristics. However, the surface is smooth. It should be noted that it is easy to apply to different surfaces.

The accompanying documentation for factory dry mixes indicates:

• Minimum and maximum layer thickness.
• Operating temperature to which individual parameters correspond.
• Consumption per 1 sq. m.
• The amount of solution that is obtained from one package;
• Time:

1. maturation and life of the solution in an open container;
2. drying a layer of a certain thickness;
3. set of nominal strength.

• Density and strength of the finished layer.
• Grain.
• Color and shelf life of plaster in original packaging.

For interior work, you can use homemade plaster with an increased setting time. Create two separate solutions from water and one/three parts of gypsum/lime, respectively. Then they are mixed and used for their intended purpose.

In this video, the master talks about leveling walls with gypsum plaster:

How to make finishing plaster on walls with your own hands: video, basics of quality work

For high-quality plastering of walls, you need to create an ideal, flat surface. At the same time, good adhesion is needed for reliable fixation of the finishing decorative coating. You can solve this problem using the following recipe:

• For 5 kg of gypsum take 15 kg of chalk (powder). The ingredients are mixed.
• Next, a solution (5%) of wood glue is added to the container.
• The required amount of liquid is determined experimentally by stirring the mixture until smooth with the consistency of very thick sour cream.

Important! Without sufficient experience, it is better to work with a small amount of solution, as it sets very quickly.

Lime is added to them if outdoor work is planned. Similar solutions are used for other rooms with high humidity. Plastering brick walls is often preceded by removing the old coating. Such surfaces have a lot of unevenness, so you should count on a relatively large consumption of materials. When creating thick layers, mesh reinforcement is used.

How to plaster a brick wall indoors with your own hands is described in this video:

Concrete walls: smooth, durable surfaces are not always good

When preparing such coatings, the joints between the slabs are carefully sealed. Smooth factory products have low adhesion, so you will have to use a special tool (bush hammers, hammer drill bits) to create special damage. The necessary adhesion is ensured using primers, and gypsum is added to the solution. The listed operations increase the cost of plastering walls. However, it should be noted the high strength of the corresponding building structures and the absence of deformations during operation.

Preparation and high-quality plastering of wooden walls

In this case, removing old plaster is not difficult. To secure the mortar, a lattice structure of slats is used. Such a base does not provide high strength. The entire structure is quickly destroyed. The only inconvenience is a large amount of dust.

Instead of slats, use a chain-link net with a wire thickness of 2.5 mm or more. Pre-clean the surface freed from outer layers. Wooden parts are treated with preparations that protect against rotting.

For your information! Pay attention to the fiberglass mesh. This material provides the necessary reinforcement strength, but is not damaged by corrosion processes, like metal products.

Using this video, you can quickly figure out how to plaster a house with your own hands:

No matter how accurate the theoretical knowledge is, in this case practical experience is necessary. In order not to waste time and money on correcting deficiencies, it is better to practice in small areas in advance. Separate experiments are carried out before plastering the walls with your own hands on new (complex in shape) surfaces.

Do not use instructions for the composition of building mixtures as immutable dogmas. Of course, there are certain general limitations. However, it is impossible to provide for various humidity and temperature conditions and the technical parameters of individual components. The skill of the performer and personal preferences for the consistency of the solution also matter.

Taking into account the creative component, it makes sense to get more data on plastering walls. Use the comments on the article to communicate and share experiences. Ask questions. This mechanism for obtaining information will help eliminate errors.