How to plant cedar: secrets of planting and growing in a garden plot. How to grow a cedar from a nut at home How to grow a seedling from a pine nut

How to plant cedar: secrets of planting and growing in a garden plot.  How to grow a cedar from a nut at home How to grow a seedling from a pine nut
How to plant cedar: secrets of planting and growing in a garden plot. How to grow a cedar from a nut at home How to grow a seedling from a pine nut

Powerful and a big tree cedar! Planting and caring for it, despite its parameters, is not at all difficult. The main thing is to find a place for this beauty. Nowadays, the cedar tree has become very popular due to the benefits it brings to humans. When asked how to grow cedar, for example, on summer cottage, the answer is found: breeders bred dwarf varieties this tree. Ordinary cedars can reach a height of 30 meters or more, while dwarf cedars barely grow to 1 meter. They look beautiful both in single plantings and in group plantings. has proven itself perfectly as a hedge; it tolerates cutting perfectly, which allows you to give free rein to your imagination and create a variety of green shapes. In addition to giving beauty, this tree also provides health benefits.

Since ancient times, it has been believed that cedar is the elixir of youth, it is a symbol of power. Its action is especially important for men's health and power. It has also been established that this plant is a source of healing energy. If you relax for an hour every day near the evergreen miracle of nature, you can completely get rid of many diseases. So cedar, planting and caring for which will not cause you much trouble, can take its rightful place on your site. This article will help you learn how to grow beautiful and healthy ones at home.

Description of cedar

Cedar looks great in the country. This evergreen tree all year round will please his beautiful view. It belongs to the pine family and can live up to 800-1000 years. As it grows, this long-lived plant acquires several peaks and a dense crown.

Old cedars are distinguished by brown, with a grayish tint, cracked bark in the form of rough scales. Young shoots are dark Brown with a huge amount of long red hairs. The needles are dark green, soft, grow in bunches of 5 needles, triangular with small notches, reaching a length of 5 to 15 cm.

Cedar is a monoecious plant; both female and male cones grow on it. The female cedar cone is located at the end of the shoot, and the male cone is at the base. Pollination occurs thanks to the wind. Conical buds up to 10 mm long. A mature cone reaches 15 cm in length and 5-10 cm in width. They are diamond-shaped and have brown tint. Young cones are ovoid in shape and purple tint. Full maturation occurs within 15-16 months. Cedar begins to bear fruit, planting and caring for it according to all the rules, at the age of fifty years.

The seeds of the evergreen beauty are large, dark brown, ovoid in shape. One cone can ripen from 50 to 150 seeds.

Types of cedar trees

Before you learn how to plant cedar, you need to familiarize yourself with what types exist in nature and how each of them is characterized so that you can choose for yourself best option. In total, the genus of cedar trees includes 4 tall species:

  1. Lebanese - distinguished by its powerful and spreading branches that grow horizontally. Lebanese cedar looks very unusual; planting and caring for this species is very simple, since it is completely unpretentious to its growing conditions. This tree is slow growing and by the age of 10 years it barely reaches 2 meters.
  2. Atlas - This species will require a lot of space to grow as it is extremely powerful. By the age of 10 it reaches 3 m in height. After planting, the seedling needs staking. The branches of the plant are raised upward.
  3. Himalayan - by the age of 10 it grows up to 3 m. The branches are drooping, drooping type, the apex sticks out.
  4. Cyprian - originally from the island of Cyprus. The crown at the beginning of growth is cone-shaped, then develops into a wide-spreading one, and in old age it becomes umbrella-shaped. In adulthood it reaches a height of 40 m.

Landing place

Growing cedar begins with selecting a suitable location for the plant. recommended where the soil is not too dry and rich in nutrients. Plants in the neighborhood should be lower than the cedar because it requires high levels of light as it grows. Trees that have reached the age of 7-8 years can already develop normally further in partial shade.

How to plant cedar

The very first thing you need to know is that cedar seedlings should be located at a distance of 7-8 m from each other. Marking the area when planting is very important stage work. It is necessary to ensure that the distance from the tree to the house and nearby buildings is at least 3 m. These distances must be maintained in order for the powerful root system the plants did not destroy the foundations of buildings over time.

When you are done with the markings, you can start planting; this is not a difficult process at all. Cedar is not too picky about soil and does not require additional bedding. In hard soil, it is recommended to fill in a drainage layer (15-20 cm) consisting of coarse sand or broken bricks.

Watering and spraying

Cedar trees usually do not need watering when grown in the garden. Young trees and cedar seedlings are an exception; in dry and hot summers they need to be watered. Moderate watering is required to avoid moisture stagnation.

Evergreens also tolerate dry air calmly. But at the same time, young cedars need to be periodically sprayed summer days. This way you will provide the needles with a rich color.

Cedar care

How to grow cedar so that it is strong, beautiful and healthy? The answer to this question is simple - you need to properly care for it. While the plant is still young, it grows very slowly, giving way to other conifers and deciduous trees. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that small and still weak cedar seedlings do not disappear in the shade and thickets of their faster neighbors. It is necessary to remove self-sowing foreign plants in a timely manner.

Feeding

The tree will grow best in open sun rays territories. The evergreen beauty does not tolerate an excess of nitrogen, this can lead to poor development of the root system. At the same time, it requires potassium.

Seedlings need mulching, it will keep the roots in winter time from frostbite in severe frosts. Every year it is recommended to increase the layer of mulch, this will promote the formation of adventitious roots.

In spring and autumn, the circle of soil around the trunk can be mulched with organic matter. IN summer period It is recommended to feed cedar twice a month with complex

Propagation by seedlings

You need to choose cedar seedlings very carefully. It is better to purchase those that are sold in containers or with big lump soil on the roots. This condition increases the chances that the plant will tolerate transplantation well. It is recommended to buy 2-3 year old seedlings. If the planting material shows exposed roots and yellow withered needles, then it is better to refuse such a purchase.

Having selected seedlings, you can begin planting, adhering to the following recommendations:

  1. Dig up the soil within a 3 meter radius around the planting hole.
  2. The planting hole should be 40 percent larger than the seedling's earthen ball.
  3. Before planting, dip the roots of the seedling in a creamy clay solution.
  4. First secure a peg in the hole, only then can you place the seedling there. Cover everything together with soil.
  5. Tie the seedling to the support with twine.
  6. Water the plant moderately. If there is no rain for 14 days, then you need to continue watering every 2 days.

How to grow cedar from a nut

To grow cedar from a nut, you first need to choose the right seeds. Make sure that the planting material does not have unpleasant odor and not covered in mold. Now that the material has been selected, you can begin sowing.

Before sowing, so that the seedlings are not damaged by the fungus, the seeds must be pickled in a weak solution of manganese for two hours.

The seeds do not germinate immediately, they pass first long preparation which lasts about 5 months. The first step of preparation is soaking the seeds in water for 3 days; you need to change the water daily. After this, the nuts are mixed with sand, moistened and placed in a fabric bag. Now you need to place them in a wooden box with holes on the sides and put them in the refrigerator. Planting material should be checked periodically and moistened as needed. If mold is noticed on a nut, it is immediately thrown away and the sand is changed.

After six months, the nuts are thoroughly washed and planted in pots to a depth of 1 cm. Sandy soil is used for this. At room temperature, the seeds will germinate in 30 days. Now the seedlings can be placed in a lighted place, but not in direct sunlight.

With the onset of summer, the pots can be taken outside so that the plants gradually get used to the air and sun. After some time, small seedlings can be transplanted into loose soil.

How to grow cedar in the country

When coniferous forests are far from your home, you really want to settle in a plant that will envelop your yard with intoxicating and healing properties. pine aroma. Cedar is perfect for this purpose. Due to its large size, it is often used for landscaping large parks and squares. In a suburban area, a tall, handsome tree will also look great, especially paired with a birch tree, but what to do if you have small dacha and the site is not characterized by endless open spaces? You can find a way out by planting a dwarf cedar in your dacha.

Here are some varieties of dwarf cedar:

  • Nana varieties;
  • Atlas cedar Aurea variety;
  • cedar of Lebanon variety Sargentii;
  • Himalayan cedar variety Golden Horizon.

Benefits of cedar for humans

What benefits does cedar bring to humanity, why, especially recently, has interest in this evergreen plant increased so much? This is explained by the fact that the tree has extraordinary properties:

  1. Throughout the year, cedar looks very decorative, especially in winter, when green needles are combined with white sparkling snow.
  2. Healthy and tasty pine nuts widely used in cosmetology, medicine and cooking.
  3. Resin resin due to its unique healing properties is one of the best means for wound healing.
  4. Cedar needles are also useful; for centuries it has been successfully used to treat many diseases.
  5. Your area will be filled with the amazing coniferous aroma inherent in cedar, as a result of which the air will be filled with useful substances and freshness.
  6. Cedar wood is highly valued in construction and furniture making. Simply priceless in this case, the Canadian of this tree has the most high price, since they are extremely durable, they can easily withstand changes in high and low temperatures, environmentally friendly and have antiseptic properties. So Canadian cedar can be considered a leader among trees used by builders and furniture makers.

Coniferous trees are known not only for their longevity and beauty, but also for their benefits to human health. Phytoncides are volatile substances released by needles. They strengthen the immune system, ward off diseases and help stay in good shape. Cedar is considered one of the most valuable and useful varieties of coniferous trees. It produces strong wood, a lush shady canopy and edible nuts. If you live far from a cedar forest, we will show you how to grow cedar at home and create your own arboretum in your backyard.

Cedar pine is very valuable in many ways, but for human health it has special meaning. If you have pine nuts in your diet, you will never have a shortage of vitamins A and E. They contain B vitamins, which are so beneficial for women, especially during pregnancy.

Cedar seeds improve cardiovascular activity, have a beneficial effect on nervous system and reproductive function. Not long ago, doctors proved that eating pine nuts improves blood composition and prevents anemia and tuberculosis.

Not only the kernels themselves are useful, but also the shell - alcohol tinctures are made from it for colds, sore throat, runny nose and bronchitis.

Cedar resin is called resin because it has unique embalming properties. The indigenous people of Siberia and the Urals know that if you anoint a purulent wound, abrasion, cut or burn with resin, the skin will heal several times faster. During the Second World War, this resin was actively used to treat the wounded in hospitals.

Interesting fact: cedar forests are home to small funny birds called crossbills. They have a very unusual curved beak shape, which is ideal for pulling nuts out of fir cones. The crossbill feeds on resinous pine nuts all its life, and as a result, the concentration of resin in its body does not allow the tissues to decompose after death. So, while walking through the cedar thicket, you can stumble upon a small embalmed bird.

Cedar needles contain a high concentration of vitamin C, so it can be brewed with tea and added to compote. In addition, it contains calcium, phosphorus, manganese, iron and copper, so pine needles are also a valuable source of benefits.

Wood has a powerful bactericidal effect. In a house built from cedar logs, people practically do not get sick from the common cold or flu, and cedar cabinets will never harbor moths. In general, all wood has antimicrobial properties. It has been scientifically proven that the air deep in the cedar forest is practically sterile.

Growing from seeds

Growing cedar is not such a difficult task, so even an inexperienced gardener can easily cope with it. As you know, cedar reproduces by seed - by those very tasty nuts from cones. Therefore, first you need to get high-quality nuts from which strong and healthy trees will grow.

Cedar seeds can be ordered from a store online or collected yourself. Stores will offer you already stratified seeds, but you can get by with a cheaper option - buy raw nuts on the market and stratify them yourself.

Buying seeds

If you are planning to buy cedar seeds at the market, it is better to do this at the beginning of winter, when the nuts are fully ripe. In early and mid-autumn, pine nuts still contain too little nutrients, and the shoots from them are rare and weak.

Before buying, bite into a couple of nuts to taste them - if the pulp is juicy and has a pronounced taste, then you got a quality product. It is better not to buy small grains with a weak taste, since, most likely, they are not very ripe. If the nuts are too hard and difficult to crack, then they are too old and also not suitable for growing cedar pine.

Make sure that they are not trying to sell you roasted nuts, otherwise you will never receive entries. Properly roasted grains are distinguished by their dark brown color and the characteristic roasted taste of the kernel. But slightly roasted seeds are not so easy to distinguish. Sprouts even appear from them, but such trees will never grow strong and full-fledged. Why are they heated? If you dry a pine cone for a short time at high temperature, the seeds easily fall out of it, and the harvesting process is accelerated several times.

Raw nuts are very easy to distinguish - there are remnants of unmelted resin on the shell, they do not look as clean and neat as calcined ones, and such seeds are much heavier in weight than processed ones.

Buying buds

You don’t have to worry about the seeds and buy a whole cone at once - there are definitely no roasted nuts there! But there are some nuances here too. So, cones are much more expensive, and the nuts in them may be unripe. To begin with, it is better to buy one cone and check the seeds for suitability.

If you see a beautiful brown shiny bud on the counter, don't rush to buy it! Such attractive pine cones are completely unsuitable for growing trees, since they have been heat-treated - they were dipped in boiling water and then dried with hot air. As a result, the resin melted, became more transparent and turned into a seductive varnish glaze.

Look for resinous gray-brown cones with stuck needles and small forest debris - it is from these cones that the healthiest cedars grow!

Seed stratification

We have already mentioned above that stores sell already stratified seeds, but you can carry out this procedure yourself.

How does cedar nut stratification occur:

  1. Soak the seeds in warm water 25-30C for 4-6 days.
  2. Change the water every 2 days.
  3. Mix the seeds with thoroughly washed fine river sand or crushed peat.
  4. Leave at room temperature, stirring and moistening the mixture occasionally.
  5. After 50-60 days, the seeds will hatch and sprouts will appear. Then they should be taken out into the cold and stored until sowing at almost zero temperature (about 1-3C).

There is another, simpler way to stratify seeds. This and how to plant cedar are described in detail in the video below:

Landing in the ground

In spring, stratified seeds are planted in open ground. Sowing is carried out when the weather is already consistently warm - at the end of April or beginning of May. On square meter area can accommodate up to 300 grams of grains.

The main problem with young cedar sprouts is birds and pests. As soon as juicy green stems appear above the ground, animals eat them with pleasure after a long winter diet. Therefore, the seedlings must be covered with thick light plastic film. It can be removed only after the shell is completely separated from the established seedlings.

When the sprouts grow a little and look like a leg bent at the knee, they should be dug up and sorted by size. Then the roots are cut and planted at the same depth, tied to a peg. For each sprout you need to allocate an area of ​​at least 20x10 cm.

The next transplant will be carried out only in the second year, and after 2-3 years you will receive excellent planting material with strong and developed roots. Then the small trees can be transplanted to any place where they will decorate the landscape for many years. Planting a cedar is a fairly simple and almost always successful undertaking. The main thing is to properly stratify the seeds and provide the sprouts with proper care in the first few months of life.

Growing from a seedling

How to grow cedar from a nut is more or less clear, but you can avoid a long preparatory process and plant the finished seedling immediately. Where can I get suitable planting material?

It is clear that cedar trees are sold in almost all large gardening stores, but you can save money here too. Try going to the nearest forestry department and asking them to dig up a few cedar seedlings. We remind you that cedar is considered very valuable breed, and if you dig up young trees without asking, you may be fined.

Warning: under no circumstances should you dig up seedlings in burnt areas, from under the forest canopy, or in arboretums. Such actions are regarded as poaching.

After carefully digging up the cedar, plant it in the ground on the same day. Be careful not to damage or dry out the roots. If you can’t plant the tree on the same day, dig it down lightly and moisten the ground with water.

Most common mistake is damage tap roots or their drying out.

The second most popular mistake is planting single cedars. Because the coniferous trees are pollinated by the wind, then there must be at least one tree of the opposite sex nearby in order for the ovary to form and fruits to appear. Otherwise, the tree will not bear fruit or will produce small inedible cones with undeveloped nuts.

Cedar care

Try to immediately determine seats for seedlings, so as not to replant the trees later and not put them at risk. The place should be quite light, the soil mixed with sand. Cedars should be planted in groups of 4-6 trees 5-8 meters apart. They will look great in between fruit bushes, berries and small deciduous trees. An excellent solution would be to sow lupine under cedars - this plant is a natural fertilizer and will have a beneficial effect on the growth and development of young pines for several years.

Watering is carried out along the perimeter of the tree crown. Do not forget to add minerals and minerals to the water from time to time. organic fertilizers. Growing cedar from seeds is much easier than it seems, and not only you, but your children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren will benefit from this idea in the future.

Many people want to plant cedar in their summer cottage, but seedlings of this tree are expensive. They often die in the first months after transplantation due to significant damage to the root system. You can grow cedar in another way. It is less expensive, but labor intensive. Not many people know how to germinate pine nuts from seeds. By sprouting nuts you can get a strong, healthy plant.

Growing pine nuts from seeds takes a long time

How to obtain material for germination

In many ways, the positive result of growing pine nuts depends on the chosen planting material. Nuts must be clean, without a musty smell or traces of mold. Poor quality pine nuts will not germinate.

To extract pine nuts from a cone use special device, which carefully breaks the cone without damaging the seeds.

There is another way: the cones are laid out nearby heating devices for several days. When dry, the shell opens and the nuts spill out. Before drying, you should not soak the pine cones in a salt solution, as this will destroy the buds of the nuts.

Removing nuts from pine cones should be done with caution.

Preparing nuts for germination

Before germinating pine nuts, it must be carefully prepared. In nature, nuts germinate without outside help, but their germination rate is 30%, which is normal, considering the volume of seeds that fall into the ground. When germinated at home, low germination will make it impossible to grow cedar from seed. To increase the germination percentage it is recommended:

These simple manipulations can increase the germination rate of pine nuts up to 70–80% and prevent the development of mold and other fungal diseases. After stratification and soaking in manganese, the seeds must be planted immediately, otherwise they will become blocked and will not germinate.

Potassium permanganate is suitable for disinfection and germination of pine nuts

Soil preparation

You need to pay attention to preparing the soil for germinating cedar pine seeds Special attention, because the germination of nuts directly depends on its quality. To plant pine nuts at home, take two parts sand and one part fine gravel chips.

The substrate must be calcined in the oven at a temperature of 200 °C for 20–25 minutes. This is necessary to disinfect the substrate. Afterwards, the substrate is cooled and a container for germinating seeds is filled with it.

Sprouting pine nuts

Sprouting pine nuts at home is not an easy task, but it can be done. It is important to comply with all conditions for soil preparation and germination. The nuts are placed in the substrate, but not to a great depth, otherwise they will take much longer to germinate. The seed placement depth is 0.5–1 cm.

When the seed is planted, it is watered with water at room temperature. The soil should be well moistened and water should not come to the surface. Afterwards the container is tightened from above cling film or a plastic bag and put on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator for the second stage of stratification, which will last much longer.

After 3 months, the container with the planted pine nuts is taken out of the refrigerator and placed on the windowsill on the south side of the house. After stratification, seeds germinate in 2–3 weeks.

It is important not to forget to water the pine nuts while they are in the refrigerator, no more than once every 1.5–2 weeks, and less often if the sand remains wet. It is better to use melted snow for watering. This brings the conditions for cedar germination as close as possible to natural ones.

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Siberian cedar is the shortened name for Siberian cedar pine. In nature, this powerful plant reaches a height of 35–40 meters, having a spreading tiered crown and trunk diameter up to 2 meters. The tree can rightfully be proud of its frost resistance; it can withstand cold temperatures down to -55 degrees. In comfortable favorable conditions When grown, the plant lives up to 600–800 years and grows well in the area central strip Russia and Siberia.

To land on suburban areas seeds and seedlings are most often used low-growing varieties– they are no less decorative, and the aroma of their needles is as useful as essential oils tall ancestors. The most popular of them: Recordist - with a dense crown in the shape of a ball, and Icarus, which has a pyramidal crown.

Collection of cones and preparation of planting material

Siberian cedar has inflorescences of both sexes on one tree: shoots of male cones are located at the base of the growth in the central part, and female shoots are located at the top of the crown. Flowering time: May-June. From the moment the buds form until the seeds fully ripen, a year and a half passes.

The ripening of cedar nuts consists of several stages:

  1. 1. At the end of spring - beginning of June, ovules form on the tree, flowering and pollination occur. During the summer, seeds form.
  2. 2. Throughout the year, the ovules store pollen and gradually become a pine cone.
  3. 3. Overwintered winter cones actively develop from the beginning of the next warm season and by mid-July they grow to 6–8 centimeters in length, the yellow color changes to brown-brown.
  4. 4. In September, the ripening period comes to an end, the brown cones with an oily kernel become dry, and the seeds are easily separated from the scales with the intention of finding a place to grow. Ripe specimens fall to the ground at the slightest blow to the tree trunk.

Ripening dates may shift by a couple of weeks depending on the region, climatic conditions and the condition of the tree.

The seed method of propagating cedar is a very labor-intensive and very long process. To germinate nuts and successfully grow them into new ones capable of independent life under open air seedlings will take several years.

You can collect cones for further planting of seeds in the fall or in the spring, when the collection of waterfalls that have independently fallen from the tree takes place. After this, shake the nuts out of the cones, place them in a container and pour hot water(not boiling water).

After an hour and a half, the seeds will need to be gently rubbed in your hands to wash off the resin and substances that prevent germination. The liquid after such a procedure will become very dark and must be drained. These steps: pouring and washing the nuts are repeated until the water stops taking on a dirty tint - about a day.

The next day, the seeds will be sufficiently saturated with moisture, and the most mature of them will sink to the bottom of the container. They are the ones who will serve well planting material further. If planned spring planting, then the nuts, without drying, need to be placed in glass jar with wet moss or river sand, filling it no more than 2/3. Holes must be made in the lid for oxygen access. In this form, the seeds are ready for stratification - cold treatment, by placing them in a cellar or refrigerator for 2-3 months.

After this period, the pine nuts should hatch - their shells crack and a small white root appears, then they can be sprouted. Some experienced specialists It is advised to soak the seeds for 30 minutes in a weak solution of potassium permanganate before sowing in order to protect them from fungal infection and stimulate the appearance of sprouts.

Planting and growing cedar at home from seed

In order to grow cedar at home, it is important to follow step by step instructions, describing the stages of development of young plants of this species. B prepared flower pot or the container is filled with a pre-steamed substrate: either peat and clean river sand in a 1:1 ratio, or soil for coniferous species. The seeds are buried so deep that the top of the shell is at ground level. Plantings are well watered and covered with glass or plastic film to create greenhouse conditions.

Nuts can be planted either in separate small pots or cups, or in a common spacious pot - cedar grows for quite a long time, and transplanting into individual containers plants will need it only after 3-4 years, when they reach a height of 15-18 centimeters.

On average, if the seed preparation was carried out in accordance with the recommendations, the seeds germinate within a few days. It is very interesting to watch the seedlings of cedars: the sprout gradually straightens and throws off the shell that it no longer needs, turning into a miniature “palm tree”. It is important to understand that cedar seeds never germinate all at the same time; the percentage of germination can be judged after a month. Usually about 25–30% of the planting material germinates.

The cover in the form of film or glass is removed from the pot after about 7–10 days, watering is done as the surface of the substrate dries.

Another equally popular and well-proven planting method cedar seeds- this is the germination of nuts in wooden box or a box with sawdust and pine needles. The height of the container should be about 25 centimeters; there must be holes at the bottom for excess moisture.

Cedar pine seeds go deep into the substrate by 5–10 millimeters at intervals of 10–15 centimeters from each other. Stacked on top thin layer peat to maintain moisture. For the winter, the box is placed on the balcony or outside.

Caring for seedlings and their subsequent transplantation

Cedar sprouts do not require much attention; they only need to moisten the substrate and maintain temperature regime: room temperature air in summer time and cool in winter. It is useful to feed one-year-old seedlings with natural immunostimulating agents - nettle infusion, for example.