How pva glue is made. Starch-based composition and mixed look. Glue for gluing broken donkeys

How pva glue is made. Starch-based composition and mixed look. Glue for gluing broken donkeys
How pva glue is made. Starch-based composition and mixed look. Glue for gluing broken donkeys
12.06.2019

- glue, widely used in various fields, and, without exaggeration, being one of the most popular.

And although you can purchase this product without problems, self-production is also not difficult, which will help out in a situation where you urgently need to glue something, but the funds were not at hand.

Polyvinyl acetate

Polyvinyl acetate, better known as PVA glue, is produced commercially in special equipment. In the mortar mixer, the polyvinyl acetate dispersion and the filler are mixed.

Exist different kinds this glue (stationery, wallpaper, universal, etc.) and, accordingly, manufacturing recipes. It is difficult to accurately follow the PVA recipe at home, but it is not at all difficult to make an analogue that will practically not be inferior in its properties and characteristics.

How can you make PVA glue "with your own hands"?

Recipe

There are many recipes self cooking glue. We offer one of the most easily implemented and affordable recipes, almost all the ingredients of which are sold in a pharmacy (except for photographic gelatin, which you need to look for in a specialized store, as well as flour - if you don’t suddenly find it at home, then you will definitely find it in the nearest grocery store).

So, to prepare PVA, you need to take:

  • 1-1.2 liters of distilled water;
  • 20-25 ml of ethyl alcohol;
  • 4-5 g of glycerin;
  • 5-6 g of photographic gelatin;
  • 100-120 g flour.

Cooking process

Gelatin is soaked for a day in ordinary warm water from the tap according to the instructions, after which it dissolves into steam bath. Flour and distilled water are added, and the mixture is kept on fire until it acquires the density of sour cream. During boiling, the mixture must be constantly stirred.

When the desired consistency is reached, the mixture is removed from the heat and slightly cooled. After that, you need to add alcohol and glycerin and mix everything thoroughly so that there are no lumps. If the formation of lumps still could not be prevented (they may appear even at the boiling stage), then you can pass the glue through a sieve.

When the mass has completely cooled, it can be used for gluing paper, wood and other parts for which PVA is usually used.

Storage of finished glue

You can store a homemade product for no more than six months. The ideal storage temperature is + 10-15 degrees.

Nothing terrible will happen if the glue remains at room temperature, but when the thermometer is minus, the “functionality” of the product drops sharply. It will be usable for no more than one month.

Youtube video about the production of glue

In this video, you can clearly see how PVA is done at home without problems. A very simple recipe, according to which it will be easy to make glue even for those who are homemade " adhesive production is trying for the first time.

Producers of PVA glue in Russia

In Russia, many companies produce PVA glue and dispersions. For most of them, this product is only part of the range. These enterprises specialize mainly in the production of paint and varnish products. In addition, there are companies that produce exclusively PVA products, such as, for example, Polymer Export, Rikol and others. These are large manufacturers exclusively engaged in the production of PVA glue and vinyl acetate dispersions.

When choosing a product, give preference reliable manufacturers, especially if you are going to glue large or expensive items.

Areas of application of the adhesive

PVA glue is used in a wide variety of areas, from paper bonding to various types of industry. This product is widely used in repair work ah (wallpaper sticker, primer, addition to cladding solutions, gluing wood elements, fiberboard, etc.)

This adhesive is used in the printing and packaging industry for gluing paper products. It is also widely used in woodworking and furniture industry, since PVA does not change the color of wood and allows you to save its properties.

In the textile industry, they "strengthen" carpets and connect fabrics. It is also used in the manufacture of glass and paint products, household chemicals, shoes, etc.

Do-it-yourself glue or is it better to buy?

Prices for PVA glue vary depending on the type of glue, manufacturer, product weight, etc. For example, 1 kg of universal PVA glue costs, on average, from 40 to 60 rubles, a five-ten-kilogram container will cost a little less.

In general, this product has a very democratic price, and if any complex or responsible work, then it is better to buy glue made in industrial conditions. But if you already have experience self-manufacturing PVA, or there is no way to purchase it, but something needs to be glued urgently, then you can do it without any problems on your own.

What can replace PVA glue?

The problem with replacing PVA most often occurs among those who live in foreign countries, since this product is sometimes quite difficult to find there. If suddenly there is a need to find a replacement, then you need to focus on the material of the surfaces that must be connected. For wooden parts, you can buy special glue for wood, for wallpapering - “wallpaper”, etc. Paper or cardboard is glued at home using a regular paste (made from flour and / or potato starch. So it’s easy to choose a substitute for PVA , the only negative is that such products are often more expensive than this versatile, inexpensive and sought-after adhesive.

How often does it happen that the glue bought in the store turns out to be very Low quality. Therefore, many seek to find alternative solution and try to create an adhesive substance on their own. For a person who is used to constantly making something, experimenting, tips on how to make glue at home will be very useful.

Traditional flour paste recipe

In some cases, this is resorted to when there is an urgent need to perform any work related to the use of glue. For example, if the amount of adhesive is incorrectly calculated, and it ended in full swing. In order not to quit what you started and not rush to the store, you can make homemade glue, the quality of which will be much higher than the purchased one. In addition, using it you can be completely sure that it does not contain substances harmful to humans. It is not difficult to prepare it, and the material is always found in the house. This is wheat flour. Flour glue is prepared at the rate of 1 liter for two or three rolls of wallpaper.

To prepare it you will need:

  • container, the volume of which depends on the required amount of glue,
  • flour - 6 tbsp. spoons per liter of water
  • water - 1 liter.

Cooking method:

  1. Heat water to a boil.
  2. In a separate bowl, dilute the calculated amount of flour in a small amount of cold water until a homogeneous mixture (without lumps) is formed, the density of liquid sour cream.
  3. Pour the resulting mixture into boiling water in a thin stream, stirring constantly.
  4. Bring to a boil again and leave to cool.

When ready, it should have the consistency of a thick jelly. Similarly, you can make glue from starch, which is no different in quality from flour paste. In terms of gluing efficiency, both flour and starch pastes, in some cases, even surpass ready-made industrial adhesives. The wallpaper glued by them perfectly adheres to any wall surface. They can glue all types of paper and cardboard.

PVA glue at home

The most common adhesive, which is popular not only when performing home repairs, but also in large-scale construction, is PVA glue. It is an excellent wallpaper adhesive and is used successfully in the preparation of tile mortars and as a primer for surfaces prior to final finishing. The scope of its use is so wide that it is safe to say that polyvinyl acetate is a kind of lifesaver of a zealous owner who can prepare PVA glue with his own hands.

To do this, he needs to have:

  1. One liter of distilled water,
  2. 5 g photographic gelatin (sold in the shops "Photo goods"),
  3. 4 g pharmacy glycerin,
  4. 100 g wheat flour,
  5. 20 mm of ethyl alcohol (can be bought at a pharmacy).

Glue preparation takes place in two stages:

  1. preparatory, during which gelatin is soaked in a glass of water for a day;
  2. main.

After the gelatin has swollen in water, you can proceed directly to the preparation of PVA glue:

  • A container of distilled water is placed on water bath. Prepared gelatin and flour mixed with a small amount of water (so that there are no lumps) are added to it.
  • The whole mixture is brought to a boil (*do not boil!). It should become like thick sour cream. In order for the mixture to be homogeneous, it must be stirred constantly.
  • Add glycerin and alcohol. To obtain a thick mass of a homogeneous composition, the mixture must be thoroughly mixed. This may take five to ten minutes (depending on the amount of adhesive being prepared). For complete readiness for use, the glue must be cooled.

DIY wood glue

It - best glue for a tree. It effectively glues paper, cardboard and other materials. But it has several features:

  1. it cannot be stored in liquid form for a long time, as it deteriorates very quickly (it becomes covered with mold and gelatinizes),
  2. it has a disgusting, pungent smell.

Therefore, it is pre-boiled and a gelatinous mass is prepared, which has a longer shelf life. If necessary, pieces of the desired size are cut off and dissolved, heating over low heat. There are several ways in which you can prepare high-quality wood glue at home. The following are the most available.

Method number 1. Take ordinary wood glue. Grind and soak it in a container with water until completely swollen. It should become soft, reminiscent of jelly. This jelly is placed in a container for melting, which is called glue. You can make it yourself from an ordinary tin can. An oilcloth with a gelatinous mass is placed in a water bath and placed on a very weak fire. The mass must be constantly stirred with a wooden stick. If it burns, the glue will turn yellow and lose some of its adhesive properties. After the gelatinous mass turns into liquid state, it is diluted with vodka in the ratio: for 720 g of glue - 950 g of vodka. And add for every hundred grams of glue - twelve grams of powdered alum. The joiner's glue obtained in this way provides high strength to the glued surfaces and water-repellent properties.

Method number 2. Boil carpenter's glue with water in a 1:1 ratio in an oilcloth. After boiling, when it begins to thicken slightly, pour the mass into a porcelain mortar and grind with a pestle until a gelatinous mass is formed. After that, put this mass on a special plate, cool and cut into pieces. If necessary, dissolve 720 g of the resulting workpiece in a solution consisting of 720 g of water and 360 g of vodka. Bring the mixture to a boil.

Method number 3. In a water bath, boil 1 kg of wood glue and 1 liter of 9% table vinegar in a liter of water until it is completely dissolved, then a liter of vodka is added with constant stirring.

Method number 4. Dilute wood glue with water in a ratio of 1:1. Heat in a water bath until completely thickened. Then add one weight part of glycerin, equal to the originally taken weight part of the adhesive. Heat until the water has completely evaporated. Pour into molds and dry. To use, dilute with water (1:1).

Styrofoam Adhesive

Currently, foam and polystyrene plates are often used for insulation and soundproofing of residential premises. They are glued to bearing wall. When choosing an adhesive for styrofoam, it must be taken into account that solvents, such as acetone, can melt it. Therefore, perfect option for him - the above wood glue.

But, at home, you can make another waterproof glue for polystyrene - from cottage cheese:

  • To do this, mix lime (slaked) with cottage cheese in equal proportions until a homogeneous mass is obtained. It is advisable to use such glue immediately after preparation, as it quickly hardens.

Casein glue for leather, wood and even puzzles

A good option for gluing wood and leather products, as well as other materials, is casein glue. It can be successfully used in surface treatment for puzzles.

Stage 1: isolation of casein from cottage cheese

To make it at home, cottage cheese must go through a degreasing process. To do this, it must be soaked in a soda solution (per liter of water - 1-2 tablespoons of baking soda) for 15-20 minutes. Then it is thoroughly washed running water, squeezed and dried to hardness. Next, a powder is prepared from it. This is dry casein.

Stage 2: preparing glue from dry casein

dry casein

To prepare glue from casein, you need to pour the powder into any dish (preferably flat) and pour water in a thin stream, stirring constantly. Two parts of water are taken to one part of casein powder. You should get a thick mass. The most crucial moment in the preparation of casein glue is its further mixing until a homogeneous state is obtained. The better the mass is mixed, the higher the quality of the adhesive. This procedure will take at least 30 minutes. But the process can be accelerated if you use a conventional mixer. This is a great wood glue. It has excellent adhesion to leather and is well suited for shoe repairs. The disadvantage of this adhesive is that it must be used within two to three hours, after which it hardens and becomes unsuitable for further use.

Glue for needlewomen

Today, needlework is one of the most common women's hobbies. Women are increasingly fond of making flowers, using various types of fabric for this. The most impressive and elegant flowers look, the petals of which are glued to each other. For this, a special fabric glue is used, which can be prepared in several ways.

Method one

Components:

  1. 3 art. spoons of wheat flour
  2. one glass of water.

Cooking:

  • Dilute the flour in a small amount of cold water and pour in a thin stream into a glass of boiling water. Boil.

Method two

Components:

  1. one st. a spoonful of wheat flour
  2. one st. a spoonful of potato starch,
  3. one st. a spoonful of granulated sugar.
  4. one glass of water.

Cooking:

  • Mix all the ingredients thoroughly so that there are no lumps, and bring to a boil.

Method three

Components:

  1. sachet of gelatin
  2. 2 tbsp. spoons of flour
  3. granulated sugar - one tbsp. the spoon,
  4. water - one glass.

Cooking:

  • Soak gelatin overnight, pouring water (1/3 cup). In the morning, in the remaining water (2/3 cup), stir the swollen gelatin, flour and sugar. Boil.

The glue for fabric should be stored in the refrigerator, in a hermetically sealed container.

Excellent dextrin-based paper glue

For origami, quilling, paper applique, dextrin paper glue, which can be prepared at home, is ideal. And for this it is not at all necessary to look for dextrin in stores. It is easily prepared from starch. Gotta take it in required quantity. In a heat-resistant dish, send to a slightly heated oven. After that, gradually increase the temperature to 160ºС and hold in this temperature regime about an hour and a half. Under the influence of hot air, starch is split, and it passes into dextrin. Now you can start preparing the glue.

Ingredients:

  1. dry dextrin - 3 tbsp. spoons,
  2. water - 4-5 tbsp. spoons
  3. glycerin - 1 tbsp. the spoon.

Cooking:

  • Mix dextrin powder with water. Lightly heat until the dry matter is completely dissolved, stirring constantly. Then add glycerin.

Turbo glue from acetone and old linoleum

There are many more various techniques, which contain tips on how to make glue at home. Among them there are very affordable way preparation of universal glue without special costs, - from acetone and old, already outdated, linoleum.

How to make it:

  • Cut the linoleum into small pieces, which are placed in a container with a hermetically sealed lid.
  • Fill with acetone. In this case, acetone should be twice as much as linoleum.
  • Close the container with a tight lid and put in a dark place for 12 hours.
  • The glue is ready for use when the pieces of linoleum are completely dissolved.

This adhesive is great for bonding metal, porcelain, wooden products, leather, etc.

Moisture resistant universal adhesive

Another recipe for universal glue, which can glue absolutely everything. The main advantage of its use is moisture resistance. It is prepared like this:

  • soak ordinary wood glue in water until completely swollen,
  • then dissolve to the state of a gelatinous mass in a container with linseed oil.

Bonus from builders for cooks: food glue

Now many are fond of homemade cakes and decorating them with sweet figurines, different colors from edible mastic. But in order for all this beauty to keep its shape and stay on the surface of the cake, special food glue is required. Of course, you can buy it in the store, but before you go looking, try making glue at home. There are several recipes for this.

Recipe number 1: based on starch

Components:

  1. starch - 4 tbsp. spoons,
  2. water - 1 glass.

Cooking:

  • Prepare a thick starch jelly and leave it for several hours in a warm place. It should turn into a viscous mass.

Recipe number 2: sugar glue

Components:

  1. 250 g granulated sugar,
  2. Glass of water.

Cooking:

  • Prepare a slightly undercooked caramel toffee. It should remain in the form of a stretching liquid.

Video: do-it-yourself flour paste

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Many people often need to glue or glue some object made of plastic, wood, rubber, etc. Today in stores you can find glue for various purposes. But what to do if you don’t have glue at home, and going to the store is not the right time. In this article, we will tell you how to make your own glue and look at popular glue recipes.

You will need:

casein

This glue is designed for gluing wood, paper, cardboard. Therefore, you can safely use it, or.

Its advantage over other types of glue is that it is not afraid of moisture.

Making casein glue at home is easy:

  • To do this, you will need to pour yellowish or white casein powder into a bowl.
  • Then pour water into it in small portions, constantly stirring the contents of the vessel.

  • Pour water until you get a mass of about the same density as sour cream.
  • It takes about 30 minutes to stir the casein glue, as its quality will depend on this.

You can prepare casein from fat-free cottage cheese:

  • To do this, squeeze it well in gauze.
  • Rinse in water with soda, squeeze hard and dry.

Dextrin

This glue will easily help you glue leather, fabric, paper and cardboard.

To make dextrin glue you need:

  • Dextrin 3 tbsp. l
  • Cold water 4-5 tbsp. l

You will need to stir 3 tablespoons of dextrin in 4-5 tablespoons of cold water. In the process of stirring, the water must be heated and continue to stir, and after a while add a spoonful of glycerin.

Glue is used cold and stored in an airtight container.

Waterproof

To make waterproof glue, use freshly curdled milk or cottage cheese and mix it with slaked lime so that a homogeneous thick mass is obtained.

The resulting mass thin layer Apply to the surface to be bonded, squeeze firmly and dry.

It is best to glue wood materials with this glue.

PVA

To make PVA glue, take:

  • Potato/wheat flour 4 tbsp. l
  • Water 0.5 tbsp.

Combine, stir thoroughly, so that there are no lumps. While the starch is being stirred into cold water you need to boil the water. Quickly pour boiling water into the already mixed solution of starch and water and stir the mixture for 10 minutes. It is not recommended to use iron spoons, as they heat up quickly and can be easily burned.

Put the resulting glue on the stove and boil it until a transparent and jelly-like mass is obtained.

Frequently Asked Questions

    How to cook flour glue for wallpaper?

    After spending a little time, you can get high-quality glue. The basis is wheat flour (2 tablespoons per 1 liter of water). Pour flour into a bowl, add warm water, boil for a few minutes on low heat. The finished composition should drain from the fingers, but you will notice stickiness.

    How to cook glue from starch?

    The process includes the following steps: sift the starch to remove lumps, pour warm water and stir for a long time (thick sour cream should turn out), slowly add boiling water and whisk quickly, filter, heat in a water bath, pass through a sieve again. It is necessary to prepare such glue immediately before use, it is safe, hypoallergenic and very popular.

    How to weld wallpaper glue?

    Popular options:
    - flour or starch paste (recipes are given above);
    - home PVA: 1 l. water, gelatin - 5 gr., glycerin - 4 gr., flour - 100 gr., alcohol - 20 ml. Pour all gelatin with a glass of water and leave to swell for 24 hours. Flour is also combined with a glass of water. Heat 1 liter of water, pour in gelatin and flour solutions. Bring to a boil, pour in alcohol and glycerin, mix everything and leave to cool.

    How to make styrofoam glue?

    The process of creating glue is absolutely not complicated: find a container, pour solvent into it, lower the material and wait until it is completely dissolved, apply with a brush to selected areas. When the substance dries, it will resemble glass.

    How to make conductive glue with your own hands?

Before puzzling over the question of how to dilute PVA glue with your own hands, decide for what work you need it. Your own prepared composition can only be justified if you are not sure of the quality of the material from the hardware store counter.

It's not news to anyone that the use of PVA glue is very diverse, both for outdoor work and for indoor use. Therefore, further we will talk in more detail about what PVA glue is, how to prepare it at home and for what work it can be used.

Making PVA glue

What is PVA?

Do-it-yourself PVA glue

PVA - polyvinyl acetate, which includes an emulsion and various plasticizers and additives that increase the adhesive properties of the mixture.

Any adhesive solution can be diluted in various proportions with various additives, which can give the adhesive unique features and change its color. If you plan to apply liquid wallpaper to the walls or glue thin-layer paper wallpaper, glue that matches the color will greatly facilitate your work.

To explain why PVA glue is so popular, its properties that kmts glue cannot boast of will help:

  1. Frost resistance

Here we are talking about the resistance to frost of an already applied layer of glue. If the glue complies with GOST y, in liquid form it is afraid low temperatures. Therefore, if you store the substance in a cold place, you can safely throw it away, because all its adhesive abilities will be lost.

  1. High adhesive ability

According to GOST, industrial PVA glue has a rupture strength of the glued joint of about 550 N / m. But, do-it-yourself glue is not inferior in its strength, if all the cooking technology is followed. Therefore, it can be used to glue fiberglass on walls, use the substance as an adhesive for polystyrene foam and as an adhesive for extruded polystyrene foam.

  1. The material is safe to store, manufacture and use

Since the substance does not contain toxic, flammable and other harmful components, it will not harm your skin. One but! Protect your eyes when working, because even a small drop of glue that gets into the eye will not bring anything good. But, even if such a nuisance happened to you - do not panic, it is enough to rinse your eyes thoroughly with running water and your vision will not suffer from this.

  1. The mass is highly soluble in water and easily comes into contact with an organic solvent.

The substance is easily combined with benzene, methanol, acetone and other solvents. But, pay attention, if the glue is diluted with a toxic solvent, the whole mixture will also become dangerous to human health.

  1. After drying, the substance does not shrink and does not form cavities. If in the course of work you have formed excess substances, they can be easily removed with a sponge.
  2. After drying, a sufficiently strong mass is obtained, which can be used to fill various mounting gaps, the size of which is up to 2 mm.

I would also like to note that with the help of glue you can smooth out small errors that formed a joint of different thicknesses.

How to prepare glue for different jobs?

You can talk about what kind of work this or that adhesive solution is intended for immediately after you see the first letter of the abbreviation, which is spelled out in GOST e.

According to GOST, there are such types of glue:

  • PBA-K - substance for clerical work;
  • PBA-B and PBA-O - wallpaper paste (modified clerical);
  • PBA-MB - universal composition, which can work on paper, wood, leather, fabric and metal. Also, the substance can be used to glue extruded polystyrene foam, pvc, osb, osb.
  • PBA-M is a super PVA glue, an improved universal composition that is great for osb boards and is widely used as an adhesive for plastic corners;
  • dispersion - low water base for polyvinyl acetate emulsion.

About what features PVA glue has and specifications stated in the table below.

Please note that pva, like kmts glue, must be used at positive temperatures. But if the substance is in the composition mortars, this restriction is lifted.

In this section, we talked about gluing different materials, but what to glue and how to glue fiberglass? Fiberglass is a kind of cobweb, which is used to align the walls before wallpapering. For gluing such material, you can use both a special substance that is sold complete with a canvas, and ordinary PVA glue.

How to make glue with your own hands?

Making PVA glue at home

To dilute or prepare 1 liter of glue with your own hands, you will need the following set of components:

  • 100 g white, well-sifted wheat flour;
  • 20-30 g of ethyl alcohol (technical);
  • 5-10 g of finely dispersed gelatin;
  • 5-10 g of glycerin;
  • if necessary, a light-colored organic dye.

And so, how to cook glue from flour? First of all, you need to dilute the gelatin with water and leave the gruel for 24 hours. If the substance turned out to be too thick, it can be stirred with hot water, breaking all the lumps. All subsequent actions will be foreseen at the end of the day.

To prepare the glue, we need 2 containers (preferably enameled). I would like to immediately note that the glue is boiled in a water bath. For cooking, pre-soaked gelatin is poured into a smaller container, and water is poured into a large one and put on fire.

Bring the gelatin mass to a boil, then add flour a little at a time. The technology for performing work is similar to cooking semolina, so be prepared for constant stirring so that lumps do not form. It will take you about 60 minutes to cook.

When the solution is cooked and you get the desired consistency, you will need to add alcohol, pigments and glycerin to the gruel. After adding these components, the glue is kept in a water bath for about half an hour, stirring all the time.

Upon completion of all manipulations, the agent is cooled and it is checked whether the adhesive properties have been achieved.

If the mass is cooked correctly, it can be stored in liquid form for six months, tightly closing the neck and preventing it from hypothermia.

If cooking glue from flour is unacceptable to you, as it requires a lot of time, check out how to cook glue from starch. For this you do not need any additional components - only hot water and starch, adhesive characteristics from such a small variety of ingredients will not diminish.

If you plan to use the substance only for wallpapering, prepare kmts glue, which is also easy to make at home.

Well, now you know how to make PVA glue at home, and we hope that our tips will help you cope with this task. the main task- observe all proportions and do not forget to mix the mass thoroughly - this is what will help you create a homogeneous and effective substance.

During the implementation of many finishing works glue is a must. With it, wallpaper, tiles are glued, it is added to cement mortar. To save on the purchase of glue, we suggest that you read the instructions on how to make glue with your own hands.

Functional features and chemical composition of the adhesive

Glue is a multicomponent composition based on compounds of substances of an organic or inorganic nature, which easily glue materials of different origin, and in particular:

  • wooden,
  • leather,
  • fabric,
  • paper,
  • glass,
  • metal,
  • plastic,
  • ceramic,
  • rubber products.

The bonding process is the formation of a strong adhesive bond between the adhesive on the two sides of the material to be bonded.

The chemical composition of the adhesive contains materials of artificial or synthetic, organic or inorganic origin. For example, quite popular silicone glue is based on elemental organic compounds. In order for the consistency of the adhesive to become liquid and easily applied to the surface, it contains additives in the form of water and organic liquids.

Most sealants based on organic resins are composed of water and are environmentally friendly.

Organic solvents are aromatic or chlorinated hydrocarbons. Such solvents are quite accessible, evaporate easily, and are non-toxic. The most common are gasoline, acetone or elite alcohol substance.

In order for the adhesive to become elastic, the presence of plasticizers is required. They act as dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, triphenyl phosphate. Fillers are used to reduce the shrinkage of the adhesive, increase its strength and at the same time reduce the cost. The use of kaolin is recommended as a filler, quartz sand, sawdust and other components.

If the adhesive is based on thermosetting resins, special catalyst-type hardeners are required, which are sold separately from the adhesive. They are added to the adhesive immediately before its use. Solutions of acids, amines or bases are used as hardeners. When the hardener begins to react with adhesives, cross-linked polymers are formed, which are accompanied by a sharp increase in the adhesive bond before high or low temperatures.

The difference between catalysts and hardeners is that they are not able to enter into such reactions and do not accelerate the process of curing the adhesive. Salt, peroxide, acid are used as catalysts. The main requirement for the use of a catalyst is a strict dosage. If the amount of catalyst is increased, then the glue will practically not harden and adhesive connection will remain unstable.

Adhesives based on thermosetting resins are characterized by the introduction of catalysts, inhibitors or retarders to adjust the degree of hardening, to accelerate, slow down or stop the process of interaction between the accelerators and the main adhesive element.

To improve the pot life of adhesive based organic compounds, it is recommended to add antiseptics to them. Catalysts are required to be added to adhesives of polymer origin, they help to increase their resistance.

The main types of glue

In accordance with the method of drying, adhesives are divided into:

  • adhesives that are characterized by drying,
  • non-drying type adhesives,
  • polymer compounds.

The first option, in turn, is divided into:

  • PVA glue,
  • silicate adhesive,
  • carpentry glue,
  • starch glue.

1. Let's start considering the types of glue from the most popular PVA glue, which is an emulsion of polyvinyl etal and water, in a small amount of plasticizers and additives. The smell is practically not expressed, it is used for gluing various substances.

There are such types of PVA glue:

  • household or wallpaper purposes - glues paper products, used for wall decoration with wallpaper, looks like a white homogeneous mass, has a white or beige color, able to defrost and freeze six times;
  • clerical type - glues products made of paper, photographic paper, cardboard, looks like a viscous liquid, color - white with yellow tint, unstable to water and frost;
  • universal purpose - used for gluing wooden, paper, cardboard, leather, glass substances, is part of putty, primer, concrete mortar, has the appearance of a white slightly yellowish viscous mass, is characterized by the presence of six cycles of frost resistance;
  • PVA super glue glues wood, paper, glass, porcelain, leather, fabric, linoleum, tile products, frost-resistant;
  • PVA dispersion - appears in the form of an aqueous solution of polymers, which is stabilized with a protective colloid, such as polyvinyl alcohol, has a high adhesive ability, there are two types of dispersion: plasticized and non-plasticized.

Scope of use of PVA glue:

  • as an additive in mortars;
  • in industrial establishments of textile, shoe, leather, printing origin;
  • in the manufacturing process of such products as: cigarettes, paints, industrial fabrics, household chemicals;
  • in the process of gluing paper, cardboard, wooden parts.

Characteristics of PVA glue:

  • high level of frost resistance;
  • high adhesive ability;
  • environmental safety, non-toxicity, fire safety;
  • lends itself to most solvents of organic origin;
  • if you apply the glue thinly, then it is almost invisible after drying;
  • has no shrinkage.

2. Silicate glue is also called liquid glass, given material actively used both in everyday life and in industry, for gluing any parts.

Scope of use:

  • production of spraying for electrodes that are used in a welding machine;
  • in the engineering industry with a delicate connection of parts;
  • in the pulp or paper industry;
  • in ferrous metallurgy and chemical industry;
  • is integral component most laundry detergents.

Peculiarities:

  • fire safety,
  • water resistance,
  • frost resistance,
  • resistance to acid solutions.

3. Carpentry glue is used when gluing wood parts. There are three types:

  • tiled,
  • chip,
  • granulated.

In relation to the composition, glue is isolated:

  • vile,
  • bone type.

The first is stronger than bone, characterized by a greenish tint. Bone glue has an orange-brown color. Joiner's glue provides for its cooking. Chip glue is boiled immediately, and tile glue is pre-crushed.

4. Starch-based glue is called paste, its production is quite simple, you need to mix starch with water and heat to the state of glue. Best Quality has glue based on corn starch, and the worst ones are potato starch. It is recommended to apply it during the day.

Materials that will be required in the process of making PVA glue:

  • half a liter of purified water,
  • 2.5 grams of photographic gelatin,
  • 2 grams of glycerin,
  • 50 grams of wheat flour,
  • 10 mg of ethyl alcohol.

Soak the gelatin in water for a day, it should swell. Gelatin must be photographic.

When the gelatin is ready to use, you need to build a water bath. To do this, take a pot of water and put it on the stove. Find a bowl that fits the diameter of the pan and place it on the surface so that it does not come into contact with boiling water.

Put in a bowl a mixture of water, flour and gelatin and cook until it becomes thick, like sour cream. It requires constant stirring. Remove the mass from the heat and add alcohol and glycerin to it. Be sure to stir the mixture so that it becomes homogeneous. When the glue has cooled, it is ready for use.

Before using it, the surface should be thoroughly cleaned from dirt and dust. If there are pores on it, prime them first. Stir the adhesive before applying it to the surface. Then, using a brush or roller, apply glue, and glue the two parts together.

Such glue is used for a maximum of six months, at a temperature of at least +10 degrees.

How to make your own flour glue

Materials for work:

  • wheat or rye flour - 3 tablespoons,
  • purified water - 500 ml.

Flour glue will do an excellent job of gluing paper products or wallpaper. Its production is a fairly quick process that will take no more than half an hour. Therefore, in a situation, for example, when wallpaper paste runs out, and the store is far away - great option there will be recommendations on how to make glue with your own hands.

Instructions for making flour paste:

  • Put the water on the fire and wait for it to boil;
  • separately dilute the flour in a small amount of water;
  • pour the flour into boiling water and stir the liquid constantly;
  • wait for it to boil and remove the glue from the stove;
  • wait for the glue to cool completely;
  • now it's ready to use.

Ready flour glue looks like thick jelly. As you can see in the answer to the question of how to make glue quickly - making this glue is the best option.

How to make glue from starch

The proportions of starch glue are the same as for flour glue:

  • for half a liter of water
  • 3 tablespoons of cornstarch.

It is better to prepare glue in enameled or galvanized dishes. Put a container of water on the fire, wait for it to boil. Separately dissolve the starch and pour it into the liquid. Wait until the glue boils and remove it from the heat.

The main advantage of starch glue is that it is more transparent and leaves no residue. It is recommended to use such glue all without residue, because after a while it loses its ability. To improve the quality of starch glue, it is recommended to add 50-100 grams of PVA glue to it.

If you add carpentry glue to such glue, then it will do an excellent job of priming the walls before wallpapering.

How to make glue using acetone and old linoleum

This method allows you to prepare a universal adhesive material that has high level gluing.

To make glue at home using this method First of all, you need to prepare materials.

Linoleum should be cut into pieces 3x3 cm in size. Then put it in a container that can be hermetically sealed. Take acetone, its amount should be twice the amount of linoleum. Pour acetone into a container with linoleum and place in a place protected from direct sun rays for twelve hours.

If, during this time, the entire linoleum has had time to dissolve, use the glue for its intended purpose, otherwise, wait until the linoleum is completely dissolved.

Scope of use - gluing:

  • wooden,
  • porcelain,
  • metal,
  • leather details.

How to make paper glue

If you are fond of origami, quilling or appliqués for gluing wood parts, this glue recipe is ideal. It is based on the use of dextrin, which is also easy to prepare at home.

This requires:

  • take a few tablespoons of starch,
  • put it in a heat-resistant dish,
  • gradually heat up in the oven
  • bring the temperature up to 150 degrees,
  • leave for 90 minutes.

To prepare the glue, you must have:

  • three tablespoons of dextrin,
  • five tablespoons of water
  • one tablespoon of glycerin.

The first step is mixing dextrin with water. The mixture is heated until the dextrin is completely dissolved, requiring constant stirring. At the end of cooking, glycerin is added. After cooling, the adhesive is ready for use.

how to make titanium glue

To prepare such an adhesive, you will need chemical vinyl acetate copolymers. It is very difficult to get it, so it is quite difficult to prepare such glue at home.

Consider the advantages and features of titanium glue of industrial origin:

  • seemingly clear liquid
  • frost-resistant
  • waterproof,
  • heat resistant
  • used in the process of gluing ceiling tiles,
  • convenient to use.

Making wood glue with your own hands

The process of preparing wood glue is simple, and allows you to make glue that can easily glue any wooden details. But at the same time, such glue has its drawbacks:

  • fast expiration date,
  • the presence of a disgusting, pungent odor.

Therefore, in the process of its cooking, a special mass is produced, which has a higher shelf life. This mass is solid and cut into pieces, which are boiled for their further use in the form of glue.

Consider the four most popular ways to cook wood glue:

1. Take standard carpentry glue. Cut it up and leave it in the water. Wait until it swells up. When the mixture becomes soft, place it in an oilcloth. This is the name of the tank in which the melting process is carried out. Take tin can and pour liquid into it. Place it in a water bath, stir constantly until the glue becomes liquid. For 360 grams of glue, take 475 grams of vodka and combine them. Then 100 grams of powdered alum should be added. Such glue has water-repellent properties and is characterized by a high level of strength.

2. Dilute the same amount of adhesive and purified water in a metal container. When the mixture thickens, put it in a mortar and grind. Pour the mixture into a bowl and wait for it to thicken completely. This mass, after cooling, is cut into pieces and used in portions. For 350 grams of glue, you should take 360 ​​grams of water and 180 grams of vodka. Bring all the ingredients to a boil and use the glue after cooling.

3. Prepare a water bath. For half a liter of water, take half a kilogram of glue and half a spoonful of vinegar. Boil until the glue dissolves, then add half a liter of vodka.

4. For 250 grams of glue, take 250 grams of water, bring to a thickening. At the end of cooking, add 250 grams of glycerin. Wait for the water to evaporate. Pour the glue into the mold and use as needed. To use such glue, you need to dilute it with water, in a ratio of one to one.

Video how to make glue: