Artistic decor and stucco molding - history and modernity. Decorative stucco molding Decorative stucco molding made of polyurethane

Mass production products belong to this class - polystyrene decor, polyurethane or polyurethane foam stucco molding specified sizes. Manufacturing technology - machine stamping in metal molds. Sold through retail chains in the form of an assortment of products of given sizes. Product circulation: hundreds of thousands and millions. Products unified according to the technological limitations of mass production and the tastes of the mass consumer. The product range is limited due to the high cost of metal molds for manufacturers. Technological limitations leave a certain and easily recognizable imprint on all products of the mass decor class. The relief of polyurethane stucco is simplified, monotonous, superficial, devoid of individual features and artistic expressiveness. Due to these characteristics, polyurethane stucco does not pretend to be historically plausible to the styles of classical architecture and is a mass-produced product along with other mass-produced finishing materials. According to the range of polyurethane stucco molding, the possibility of decoration is limited to the surface decoration of the premises. Like other types of decorative products of mass mass production, polyurethane (polyurethane foam) stucco molding is designed for external effect and short-term perspective. Polyurethane stucco molding goes well with materials, types of finishes and interior items economy class- laminate, inexpensive wallpaper, mass-produced chipboard furniture, etc. The use of polyurethane stucco in higher-end homes can end up giving the impression of downgrading the home's status. The effect of cheapness will be more striking the higher the real status of the room and the higher class the other types of decoration and interior items are. Economy class stucco also includes products presented in the form of stucco moldings made of gypsum, but copied from mass-produced polyurethane productsseries. These products are distributed in Moscow and the regions, excluding St. Petersburg, and are passed off as stucco of a higher class.

2. Standard stucco.

Plaster stucco and stucco molding from any polymeric materials (including plastics, polyurethane, etc.). It is made in stucco workshops using handicraft techniques. Not available in retail chains. It is selected from the assortment of “ready-made products”, “from what is available”, or more precisely, from the assortment of models of given sizes, which one or another stucco workshop has at its disposal. Product circulation: hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands. In stucco workshops, during their work, a certain set of decorative models accumulates, consisting of previously restored products from apartments of historical apartment buildings, mansions, or from products once made to individual orders. Despite the fact that the range of models of each workshop is heterogeneous, often the same models are found in the assortment of many workshops. There may also be rare models that are only available in this workshop. The manufacturing technology of standard products differs significantly from the manufacturing technology of mass-produced decor. The products are designed not for mass demand, but for group demand. The circulation of standard products is an order of magnitude smaller. Since there are no restrictions and unification inherent in mass production, the products are made with attention and taking into account nuances that are completely absent in economy class decor. Casting is done by hand in flexible rather than metal molds. To one degree or another, standard stucco models have plastically complex, expressive reliefs and compositions. In some products you can find signs of historical authenticity. The impression of “real” stucco is produced by the typical decor of those workshops that in one way or another took part in the restoration of historical architectural cultural monuments. In Russia, the highest quality standard stucco molding is localized in the workshops of St. Petersburg, since this city has the most developed and extensive restoration activities, ensuring the reconstruction and maintenance of historical architectural objects. Typical stucco molding is integrated into the interior of a room or the facade of a building to a greater extent than mass-produced decor. Standard decoration technology allows the use of various and complex decoration methods that are not available or are significantly limited in serial decoration. For example, in the assortment of standard stucco moldings, a larger number of mortise elements (ceiling rosettes, corners, etc.) have been preserved than in the assortment of serial decor, which consists mainly of overhead products. Mortise elements fit more naturally and harmoniously into the interior than overhead elements. One more example. Stucco cornices and moldings of typical decor are type-set. This allows, in addition to a wide variety of variations of elements, to achieve the same and correct pattern of joining corners in the room. When using cornices and moldings of serial polyurethane stucco molding, this task is practically unattainable, since they are solid cast.

A characteristic feature of standard stucco molding is that, like serial decor, it is selected from an assortment of “ready-made” products of given sizes. This limitation certainly affects the final result. It is difficult to achieve integrity and harmony by limiting ourselves only to finished products. The result depends not only on a successful choice from the diverse assortment of the workshop, but also on the literacy and professionalism of using this assortment by the designer, architect or the client himself. Interiors or facades made using standard stucco molding are more expressive than when using serial decor, provided that the assortment is selected successfully and correctly applied. But as a product of compromise, it rarely makes a complete impression. Typical stucco molding integrates well into the interior, provided that the range of products is used correctly. You should not try to achieve individual expressiveness using standard decor. The very principle of the “make it out of the box” approach will not allow this to be achieved. The more persistent this attempt, the more the result will be a compromise. Typical decor is designed for discreet use. It is appropriate to use it in cases where stucco molding does not play any significant role, but is used only as a pleasant but secondary addition. When standard decor takes its place, the compromise will be least noticeable. Or in other words, the less importance stucco molding has in decorating a house, the more advantageous it will look in it.

3. Stucco molding to order. Elite stucco.

And from any polymeric materials (including plastics, polyurethane, etc.) made in stucco workshops using craft technologies to order , i.e. specifically and usually according to an architectural design project for a specific house. Not available in retail chains. Product circulation: single. The production principle changes dramatically compared to serial and standard stucco molding. If the two previous classes are strictly tied to the assortment of finished products of given sizes, made in accordance with the tastes of the mass consumer or, at best, for other houses, then here the house itself and the individual preferences of the client become the primary source. Stucco molding is not selected from an assortment, but is manufactured comprehensively, purposefully for a specific home and a specific client. It is not the dimensions of the products, but their proportions, consistent with each other and with the geometry of the premises of a given house, that become the principle of architectural decoration. All the advantages that are present with certain limitations in standard stucco molding are revealed in their entirety in custom-made stucco molding. The products are not heterogeneous, but designed in a given style. In a single proportionate ensemble for each specific room, according to the size and geometry of the given room, taking into account all the features and based on the preferences of a particular client. This technology returns stucco to its original meaning - to express and concretize the individual character of the house and its owners in architectural language. The selection of ready-made molded products of given sizes is similar to the selection of ready-made clothing for a person. The range of ready-made clothing is varied, but for the most part corresponds to the tastes of the mass consumer. It is not easy for a demanding client with developed taste to choose something suitable from all this apparent diversity. There’s a lot he simply doesn’t like and doesn’t suit his taste. It also happens that a certain thing can impress a person and please him in general, but it does not suit him specifically or even spoils his figure. Often the model you like does not fit in size. And even if it is his size, the clothes do not fit perfectly. Because sizes are unified, and the human body is individual. A house in this sense is no different from a person. The client faces the same problems - choosing the right one from a ready-made range of products of given sizes for his home is often very difficult and almost always a compromise. Only, unlike clothes, the assortment is less varied, and replacing home decoration with a more suitable one is much more difficult than changing an outfit from your wardrobe. Custom-made stucco reveals and specifies the client’s preferences. It allows you to reveal the personal character of the house in its entirety. The designer and performers are tasked with professionally realizing these preferences. This means not only revealing the motives that are often in a rudimentary, vague state in the client’s mind, but also avoiding the implementation of inappropriate and erroneous solutions that may seem attractive at first glance.

The quality of custom-made stucco molding is higher, the more professionally the designer and performers work with stucco molding. Often, following the client’s superficial ideas and immediate desires, a designer can make a deliberate mistake. But his professionalism lies, among other things, in reasonably explaining to the client what exactly the mistake is and what solution would be most appropriate in this case.

The higher the class of decor, like the class of the house itself, the more exceptional it is. The more nuances matter. Starting from the features of the project and ending with the painting of stucco, which is rarely monochromatic and is often used in combination with gilding, patination and other types of decorative finishing. The most harmonious use of stucco decoration can be achieved when developed as part of a house project even before construction begins. Bespoke stucco is produced in a comprehensive manner for a specific home and for a specific client. Taking into account all the features of this house and the client’s preferences. This degree of specification and accuracy is unattainable using serial or standard stucco molding. Every detail of this ensemble of products works 100%, because it is tied to a specific place and performs a given role. The epithets can rightfully be applied to such stucco decoration exclusive and elite. With the help of custom-made stucco it is possible to embody expressive architectural styles - Baroque, Rococo, Renaissance, Art Nouveau, palace and castle styles - in all their completeness and realistic historical authenticity. By and large, making any memorable impression in the house was always made individually and specifically for this house. Elite stucco is designed to provide a long-lasting “multi-layered” aesthetic impression. You can look at it for a long time and many times. Hidden behind the first impression, the observant eye will find deeper and more subtle aesthetic impressions of the second and third plane. The consistency of individual elements, compositional coherence, artistic plasticity, numerous nuances of detailing - all that are signs of a harmonious, skillful work - will give corresponding rich impressions that are so difficult to describe and express in formal language.

Careful elaboration of products made with artistic taste and applied with architectural sense, taking into account numerous nuances - all this produces an effect similar to that of a good wine, leaving a long aftertaste in which a certain balanced bouquet of certain aromas is felt. Custom-made stucco molding withstands repeated attention and does not get boring, revealing new, previously unnoticed facets the next time. This stucco is designed to last for the long term.

P.S. As you can see, this classification of stucco is based on 2 initial obvious principles.
1. Degree of individualization. From mass to individual, personal. The higher the class of stucco, the more limited its circulation and the more individual and specific this stucco is. And vice versa, the lower its class, the more widespread and serial it becomes. Moreover, it is generalized and superficial, losing individuality and acquiring utilitarianism characteristic of any mass-produced product. The final product inevitably expresses the methods of production.
2. Degree of professionalism. From profanity to professionalism. The higher the class of stucco, the more professionally it is made and, just as important, the more professionally it is applied. The more nuances matter. The quality of stucco molding will not become significantly higher just because this stucco molding is made to order. If the performers or decorator have only a superficial knowledge of this highly specialized area, the result may be dubious or even disastrous. The likelihood of making significant mistakes increases, and taking into account important circumstances and details decreases. The custom-made work, which at first produced a certain external effect on the client, will subsequently appear in an objective light. After all, the client will have to spend a lot of time in this house. Errors made in a design project or production will sooner or later make themselves felt. Serial stucco is not professional by definition. Because it is utilitarian, superficial and designed for the largest possible number of buyers. Professionalism and high-quality execution become appropriate only in quantitatively limited products - standard and made to order. The most likely professionals in this field are highly specialized craftsmen, both performers and designers and architects, who have long experience working with stucco, and especially experience in the restoration of historical palaces, mansions, etc. In top-class stucco, in addition to professionalism in execution, a developed and subtle architectural and artistic taste is always noticeable.

Whatever the finish of your building, it will look unkempt and unfinished if the window and door openings remain standard. Why not decorate them with façade stucco? This is an affordable way to transform in a short time. Stucco molding looks perfect on any building without exception. A variety of styles will allow you to choose what you like.

Columns, half-columns, plinths, moldings, bas-reliefs, balusters, slopes, arches, pilasters, decorative locks and cornices, bassages. This is not the entire list of stucco parts that are manufactured by manufacturers. Every day the assortment increases, bringing to life all the designer’s plans.

When choosing facade stucco, pay attention not only to beauty or style, but also to the material from which the structure is made. The price depends on the quality of the material used in production. Artificial stucco is several times more expensive than natural stucco.

Stucco molding additionally “loads” the wall. Before installation, be sure to evaluate the weight of the “future beauty”. It is possible to fasten structures that are too heavy, just strengthen the wall first to avoid deformation and collapse.

Types of facade stucco molding:

Stucco molding made of polyurethane and foam plastic

Easy to install using special glue or liquid nails. You can work with light materials alone. This way you will save on workers and heavy construction equipment.

Polyurethane is a synthetic material made from isocyanate and polyol. They contain components that react, which leads to the formation of the final product. By adjusting the level of components in the composition, you can obtain products of varying densities and states, from liquid to solid.

Polyurethane stucco molding:

Polystyrene foam is a product produced by saturating a polymer with gas. As a result of improving technology, you can find polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, etc. on sale. Stucco foam is susceptible to punctures and cuts.

Stucco parts are cut out from blanks (bars) on machines.

• Ease of use
• Comparatively cheap materials
• Savings on construction crew and equipment

• Parts are subject to mechanical damage
• Even minor scratches are visible and require replacement
• Restoration of a small area is impossible (the seams will be visible later). The entire part needs to be replaced.

Foam molding:

Plaster stucco molding

The ancestor of stucco molding made from modern materials was plaster molding(natural material). Gypsum powder is mixed with water until thick as sour cream and poured into a mold. After hardening, remove and polish. Along with the newest representatives, it remains in a leading position. Gypsum products are fragile and heavy, but the processing possibilities are endless. Most often they are made by hand, which allows you to “draw” the smallest details.

When fastening gypsum parts, glue and self-tapping screws are used.

• Natural material
• It is possible to manufacture the entire fragment at the factory or “on site”
• Products are “poured” into molds and then finished by hand.
• Can be restored by sanding (minor scratches)

• fragile
• Bulky and heavy, which means you can’t do without a crane
• Additional costs for crew and equipment
• Parts are sensitive to moisture and require coating with a protective substance

Polymer concrete stucco molding

Externally it resembles marble. Polymer concrete is a mixture of polymer and concrete (sand, cement, water, crushed stone, plasticizers). If we compare a product made of polymer concrete and gypsum, then durability is still on the side of the former. Manufacturers guarantee excellent condition of stucco even after 100 years.

During production it is possible to achieve any color and texture. Reinforcement is used for strength. Unlike gypsum, polymer concrete products are many times lighter, which facilitates further processing and installation.

• The most durable
• Production is possible “on site” and at the factory
• Any texture and color can be achieved

• Very heavy
• Requires the presence of “heavy” equipment
• Artificial material present
• Difficult to install

Polystyrene stucco molding

It is made of polymerized styrene, very similar to foam plastic. The parts are cut out from ready-made blocks. The external difference is visible only to a specialist. Here it's all about the size of the bubbles, they are smaller. Some manufacturers have already achieved perfectly smooth surfaces.

• Flexibility
• Ease

• Artificial material
• May turn yellow over time

Concrete stucco

Famous for its durability. Large products also have reinforcement, which adds strength to the structure. For concrete, mix sand, cement and water, add a little crushed stone. When installing bulky parts, you cannot do without construction equipment. Even a small area of ​​stucco requires the presence of at least two people.

• Natural material
• Durable
• Lasting
• Has no processing restrictions

• Heavy
• Problematic in installation

Stucco molding made of polystyrene foam

Made from foamed polymerized styrene. Lightweight and practically no different in appearance from polystyrene. The only difference is in the production technology of the material. Facade elements are cut from blanks on machines. It is advisable not to use stucco of this type at the bottom of the building, where there is a high probability of moisture ingress.

• Easy to use

• High hygroscopicity
• Artificial material
• Fragile

Take into account the possibility of restoration work. Elements made of gypsum and concrete are easier to repair. Options made from lightweight materials are almost impossible to repair. If damaged, they must be replaced entirely.

The market offers types of stucco molding made from lightweight materials with and without a protective coating. In the second case, the application of a reinforcing layer will be required. If you decide to make custom molding, you can provide sketches or pictures to the manufacturer and wait for the individual decoration. You can also take measurements from windows and doors and make adjustments from the supplier. They will bring you ready-made parts that do not need to be cut, all you have to do is attach them.

The best and most reliable option is to hire specialists who will inspect the wall on which the stucco molding needs to be mounted, take measurements, manufacture elements and install. That is, from the beginning to the end of the project they will do everything themselves. In this case, you will be provided with a guarantee; the contractors will be responsible for defects and durability incurred during installation. If cracks or collapse occur, the company is obliged to correct the defects at its own expense.

Installation of facade stucco molding from foam plastic

1. Surface preparation

• We remove the old finish (paint, whitewash) before plaster. She must hold on tight.
• Check for strength (knock). Remove all suspicious areas and patch them with a new solution.
• After drying, clean the wall and stucco from dust.
• Work can only be carried out at temperatures not lower than +5 degrees in dry weather. Humidity negatively affects the durability of the fastener.

2. Fastening stucco molding

• Using a level, apply markings to the wall and, if necessary, to the stucco molding (window sill).
• We trim the corners of the molding using a miter box.
• Thermal insulating mixtures for facades, for example from the CeresitCT85, CT84, CT83 series, are suitable for gluing. Apply a layer of glue to the stucco molding and press it.
• Remove the remaining glue.
• For reliability, we fasten with anchors or self-tapping screws.
• We “mask” the fastening holes.

3. Finish coating

• Finally, we protect the structure from seasonal exposure. We cover it with a primer suitable for your stucco molding (it is better to check the match when purchasing (ordering) stucco molding).
• Apply the final coat of paint.

If you need minor adjustments to “problem areas”, remove old fastening material, dirt, and wipe off dust. Apply a new layer of glue to a clean, dry surface.

Window installation stucco moldings look at the video:

How to make a room noble, sophisticated, but one of a kind? One way is to decorate the interior with decorative stucco. Stucco molding is made from gypsum, clay, cement, polystyrene, polyurethane. Among them, polyurethane is the most affordable, flexible and practical. By studying photos of polyurethane stucco molding in the interior, you can easily find ideas on the basis of which you can create your own original design.

Associations: stucco decoration is associated with luxury, aristocracy, and solemnity. Isn't it too pompous? Not necessary. Having successfully played with this nostalgic decoration, they achieve an impression of lightness, grace, and festivity. And at the same time comfort.

Historical reference

Decorations in the form of stucco have been known since ancient times, so ancient that it is not possible to establish a more or less exact date. The most ancient images of stucco decorations found by archaeologists were created in 5000 BC. e. They were made from plaster by hand, were very expensive and only available to the nobility. Polyurethane has been used for the manufacture of interior decor since the 70s of the 20th century. The first stucco elements made from this material appeared in the USA, then they gained popularity in Europe.

Technological nuances

Thanks to the special behavior of the two components (polyol, isocyanate), which react with each other, the foaming process starts. Thus, the foam completely fills the selected shape. If there is no limiter, the foam will be loose. To further compact the mass, polyurethane foam is poured into molds under pressure. The mold must withstand high compression, so it is used from heavy metal. The density of the resulting material corresponds to the hardness of coniferous wood. The foam is also easy to process without the risk of cracks or breaks. You can even drive nails into polyurethane stucco. This material is not only dense and plastic, but also lightweight, not susceptible to rotting and damage by insects.

Note to buyers: the technological process of creating high-quality decor is complex. The chain for the production of even one of a kind involves artists, designers, technologists, and highly qualified workers. Errors during production lead to a grainy surface and an unclear blurred pattern (typical of manufacturers from China).

Stucco manufacturing technology

1. Making a model if the product is complex.
2. Making the mold.
3. Painting and mold processing.
4. Pouring the polyurethane foam.
5. Sanding and painting the finished product. Sanding is necessary to give the surface a flawless smoothness. Painting means covering a product with a protective layer that protects the surface from exposure to UV rays.

Polyurethane and others

What materials are used for interior stucco? What are the advantages and disadvantages of polyurethane compared to them? Let's leave aside clay and fiberglass, which can also be used to make moldings - these materials are rare. There are three pillars on which modern production of stucco decoration rests: gypsum, polystyrene foam and polyurethane foam.

Natural material – gypsum– durable, helps create a favorable microclimate in the room, thanks to its ability to absorb and release moisture. It is durable and hardly changes over time. One of the disadvantages is the fear of humidity.

Expanded polystyrene It is lightweight and moisture resistant. It is flexible and can be mounted perfectly even on imperfectly smooth surfaces. Even a beginner can handle its installation, but the appearance of such decorations leaves much to be desired. The texture is a bit cheap. In addition, over time it turns yellow. Expanded polystyrene is best suited for painting.

Polyurethane foam- heavier than the previous material, and more noble in appearance. Its surface is smooth, clean, rich. Durable (withstands strong impacts well, does not crack) and resistant to moisture, it is almost as good in appearance as natural stucco. In addition, unlike gypsum, it is indifferent to odors, does not absorb them, is not susceptible to mold or mildew, and does not attract dust. Polyurethane foam is easy to clean (which gypsum cannot tolerate). Easy to install, lightweight, adheres well to glue.

Types of polyurethane moldings

A non-specialist may be surprised by the variety of jewelry that is made from polyurethane. Judge for yourself:

• Decorative rosettes on the walls, including when they replace photographs or illustrations.
• Columns and pedestals.
• Pilasters.
• Balusters.
• Moldings.
• Skirting boards, borders.
• Caissons.
• Fireplace portals.
• Platbands of windows, doors, mirrors.
• Frames of paintings, panels, shelving.
• Arches.
• Decorative fencing.
• Statues, cameos.

In addition, stucco decoration disguises communications and technological pipes, uneven walls or seams, ventilation, cables, and curtain fastenings.

Stucco molding can fit into any style, including modern ones. Traditionally, decorations are made in classic patterns (swirls, rosettes, floral and floral elements), which are not appropriate in the high-tech or minimalist style, but nothing prevents you from making a cornice in strict geometric lines.

Stucco in the interior

The stucco complexes look grandiose - the stucco decor becomes the main highlight of the room, the rest is subordinate to it. An excellent option for a spacious living room. In romantic interiors, two or three details are enough.

Rustic, Provence, Scandinavian, country, ethnic styles do not accept stucco decorations. High-tech, loft, minimalism also do not harmonize with this type of decor. However, their use is also possible here. Details that seem to have been forgotten by the previous owner, or as if they accidentally came here from another era - original half-columns, rosette lamps - can look especially luxurious. For country and Scandinavian style - coffered ceilings. Also: moldings, decorations on doors or ceilings, on furniture or accessories (vases, flower containers). Any stucco decoration can be painted; oil paints, acrylic-based or water-based paints are suitable for polyurethane foam.

Tip: gilding the stucco elements will help make the interior more expensive.

Styles in which stucco decor looks most appropriate:

1. Roman– stucco elements create this style. Don't be afraid to go overboard, everything is appropriate. Cornices, niches, decorations, rosettes, pilasters. It is only important to choose the right ornaments.
2. Art Deco– a style for bright people who like to combine incongruous things. Any stucco elements will be appropriate here, the main thing is that the room looks elegant and creative, like the creation of a modern artist who has taken the best from each era.
3. Empire style– it is characterized by thoroughness, fundamentality, and the desire to emphasize status. Hence the monumentality in decoration. Columns and arches, heavy cornices, and elegant rich stucco decorations are appropriate.
4. Baroque and Rococo. A paradise for molding enthusiasts. Both styles are characterized by pomp, lightness, and light grace. In Baroque, the emphasis is on volume, twisted elements, and asymmetry. Jewelry made from polyurethane foam is decorated in such a way as to achieve the effect of wear, gold, and patina. For Rococo - antique elements, ornaments with military paraphernalia or animals.
5. Classicism– stucco elements look great in classic interiors. The main condition is to maintain symmetry, thoughtfulness, and no pretentiousness. Ceilings, fireplaces, door and window openings, and walls are decorated with stucco details.
6. Renaissance (rebirth)- for this style, cornices covered with ornaments, niches in the walls, decorated with frescoes or figurines, multi-level ceilings. Elements that form the space are also actively used.
7. Romanticism– a refined, light style created to express your own individuality. Any stucco elements are possible, but they are delicate and unobtrusive. For example, the frame of the fireplace area and the mirror frame.
8. Gothic– stucco elements are acceptable, but only in moderation. Stands (consoles), columns, coffers on the ceiling - all with restrained decor that does not interrupt the gloomy pomp inherent in the style.

In search of style: eclecticism, modern, ultra-baroque, Egyptian and Greek styles also “receive stucco elements with a bang.”

Where does polyurethane shine?

Here are some original solutions for premises.

1. Multi-level cornices. Beautiful in itself and convenient for decorating the ceiling with LED lighting. Another non-trivial move is to divide the wall into horizontal tiers using cornices. Cornices with relief will support or even create the style of the room.
2. Patterns on ceilings, ceiling rosettes. Perform masking and decorative functions. An original ceiling is rare; this way it’s easy to stand out.
3. Frieze over the doorway. A frieze is a horizontal ribbon with an ornament. Walls and facades are usually decorated with such tape.
4. Moldings are not the most obvious type of decor, but they can give the entire room the appearance of a carefully thought out work of art. Smooth lines of planks on walls, ceilings, and fireplaces give them completeness. Moldings can be used to decorate platbands, wall medallions, mirrors, or highlight part of the wall. In addition, it is an effective tool for expanding space. Moldings without ornament will be appropriate in any style room.
5. Balusters - curly columns in the form of columns are suitable for original zoning of a room.
6. Capitals, brackets, pilasters are a rare type of decoration in living rooms, since their functionality is limited. As a rule, they are used only for decorative purposes, although capitals can serve as support for light objects. One capital will give the room an antique spirit. And pilasters allow you to divide the space without cluttering the room.

Polyurethane stucco molding in the interior 53 photo ideas:

Anton Tsugunov

Reading time: 5 minutes

Stucco molding in the interior today is not considered something unusual - it is a fairly common decorative element that successfully complements the design of apartments in classical and neoclassical styles, and is also very appropriate in such areas as. But in order not to turn this elegant beauty into something bulky and tasteless, you need to know the secret of the correct selection of elements, which we will now reveal.

Polyurethane stucco molding: a modern version

In modern interiors, polyurethane stucco molding has become extremely popular, which undoubtedly has its advantages.

• This material is resistant to high humidity, which means it can be used in the interior of a bathroom or kitchen.
• Polyurethane decor is easy to care for, easy to clean, dust does not settle on such stucco molding, and it does not absorb odors.
• Light weight, greatly simplifying installation. You can install such stucco molding with your own hands using industrial glue such as “liquid nails”, without resorting to the help of professionals.
• Resistance to mechanical stress, high impact resistance. Over time, the stucco molding does not crumble, does not change its original color, or even crack. If desired, it can be artificially aged or simply painted.
• Polyurethane stucco in the interior is resistant to temperature changes.

All these properties are relevant for a high-quality product, which does not include Chinese consumer goods. Therefore, when choosing stucco molding, you should definitely pay attention to the manufacturer.

The major disadvantages of polyurethane stucco molding include the following:

• synthetic origin of the material;
• flammability;
• surface grain;
• different batches of the same model may differ slightly when joining, so you should try to purchase products from the same batch.

Timeless classic

Polyurethane stucco is a trend of modernity, while classic stucco in the interior has always been made of plaster.

The main advantage of gypsum stucco in the interior is the naturalness of the material. Gypsum is non-toxic and does not contain harmful impurities, is not flammable, and therefore fireproof. Among the disadvantages, it is worth noting the large weight of the parts and their fragility; it is extremely difficult to install gypsum stucco molding with your own hands.

For what and why

Stucco molding in the interior can be used for:

1. Decorations, adding personality to the room.
2. Hiding communications and service structures (risers, hoods, pipes).

The most common area of ​​application for stucco remains wall decoration. Stucco on the walls is a classic. The next place is the ceiling; in some cases, stucco molding can be used on stairs and cornices.

Types of decor

There are many different types of stucco, some of them are quite popular and can be used in the interior of modern houses and apartments, others are more suitable for palaces, villas and luxury hotels.

Molding

Moldings are decorative strips of various widths. This wall decoration is used in the interior to divide a room into zones or to highlight a section of the wall. Products of this type are also used:

• to mark boundaries;
• highlighting inserts;
• masking joints;
• giving visual volume to the room.

It is worth remembering that when using plaster molding, it is better to choose a product no more than 6 cm wide, otherwise it will look bulky and pretentious in the interior.

The molding can be placed around the perimeter of the room, ten centimeters below the ceiling level. This will give the interior a special zest and a finished look.

Cornice

This is decor that is located at the junction of the wall and ceiling. Cornices imitating stucco come in any strength and flexibility, various sizes, smooth, convex, with or without a pattern. If you choose the right cornice, you can:

• visually enlarge or reduce the room;
• hide various irregularities, as well as edges.

A wide cornice or ceiling molding can visually raise the ceiling, and correctly selected tinting will enhance the desired effect. If the room is very small, it is best to abandon the classic white cornice that matches the ceiling, and make it the same color as the walls.

Floor plinth

Performs almost the same functions as the cornice, only in relation to the floor. When choosing a plinth, you need to take into account the features of the interior, the texture and color of the floor covering. Polyurethane plinth with imitation stucco molding can be painted with your own hands in almost any color shade.

With the help of moldings, cornices, and baseboards, you can not only improve the interior, but also hide the wires.

Socket

One of the most common types of stucco.

• Sockets help to hide or disguise the fastening elements of chandeliers or ceiling lamps.
• They have different configurations and shapes, different types of ornaments.
• You can choose stucco molding in the form of a rosette to suit any design.

The remaining elements are less popular and are rarely used in modern interiors. These include:

• friezes;
• capitals;
• brackets;
• pilasters.

Unique individuality: do-it-yourself stucco molding

An invited professional master can decorate the room with stucco, creating a unique and inimitable interior. If you want to plunge into the world of fantasy and creativity yourself, then you can make the design and decor with your own hands.

Stages of self-made stucco molding:

• Sketch. You can first draw it, and then make it from plasticine or modify a polyurethane model.
• Making the mold. At home, it is best to make a mold from silicone. Liquid silicone and silicone oil are mixed, and the resulting composition is applied with a brush in smooth strokes to the model, which has been previously lubricated with a separating agent. After this, the form is strengthened, most often gauze is used for this - it is, as it were, imprinted into the silicone. After drying, the procedure is repeated several times, achieving a mold thickness of at least 3 mm. When the last applied layer has dried, the mold is removed from the model.
• Making gypsum mortar with your own hands. When working with plaster, remember that it hardens quickly. The composition of the gypsum solution is as follows: 10 parts of dry gypsum (powder), 7 parts of water and a little PVA glue diluted with water (it will prevent cracking of the finished product). The solution is quickly mixed and its consistency should resemble liquid sour cream.

• Manufacturing of the product. The resulting gypsum mixture is poured into a mold lubricated with a release agent. The composition is poured smoothly, the form is shaken periodically. Shaking and vibration help prevent air bubbles from forming. Then the surface is leveled and time is given to dry.
• After half an hour, it can be removed from the mold and left for another day for final drying.
• If desired or necessary, you can fine-tune the future interior element, sand it, and fill in minor irregularities.

HELPFUL INFORMATION: How to properly glue wallpaper (video)

Your handmade decorative element is ready! You can use it in the interior and show it to guests.

One of the oldest elements of interior decoration inside houses and external facades is decorative stucco. If earlier it decorated the houses of wealthy nobles and was made mainly of marble and other natural stones in the form of monumental columns with intricate patterns, now these are completely different products, presented in a variety of shapes, purposes and materials. If you are interested in these decorative elements and are at a loss as to which decorative stucco to choose, read the information provided in this article. We hope it will help you make your choice.

Modern stucco molding and materials for its production

As in changing fashion, which periodically brings back old long-forgotten clothing styles, today interest in interior decoration of the interior of homes with decorative stucco has returned. It represents three-dimensional elements of repeating patterns or different shapes that make up ensembles of different interior styles. Classically, the main material for making stucco was plaster or gypsum. This decor was used mainly for finishing walls and ceilings indoors, since gypsum stucco molding requires constant care and is susceptible to moisture. To decorate facades, stucco molding is made from special concrete and covered with a protective polymer film, after applying a primer to the surface. Such products can be used not only outside the room, but also to decorate wet rooms: showers, swimming pools, bathrooms, etc.

Over time, the process of making stucco has improved. Special molds began to be used to produce individual elements of patterns, which were then combined into a single decorative product. The use of modern technologies in the manufacture of stucco elements has made it possible not only to simplify the work of artistic craftsmen, to expand the range of products, but also to lighten their weight. Now decorative stucco is made from the following materials:

• gypsum;
• polystyrene;
• polyurethane;
• duropolymer.

Polystyrene stucco molding

Stucco elements, the material of which is polystyrene, are produced by extrusion, which involves pressing a hot viscous mass into a form-forming hole. In this way, a shape is created according to the given parameters and dimensions, so it is possible to produce many identical elements of decorative stucco molding. These products are light in weight, flexible and resistant to moisture. They can be easily mounted on any surface and have a long service life without losing their visual appeal.

Plaster stucco

Gypsum is a natural material obtained from rock by crushing it. Its variety is alabaster, which has a smaller fraction. By adding water, fillers and pigment dye to gypsum powder or alabaster, dough is prepared, which is the raw material for stucco. Decorative gypsum stucco is produced by casting in special molds. They have significant weight and are distinguished by their fragility. Considering the simplicity of the technology and low cost, such elements are widespread in different interior styles.

Decorative stucco molding made of polyurethane

The environmental friendliness and good technological qualities of polyurethane have attracted the attention of manufacturers of decorative products. The high density of this material is achieved thanks to production technology, which includes placing components foamed as a result of the reaction under high pressure in special molds. Decorative stucco molding made of polyurethane is lighter than gypsum, is not prone to cracking and absorbing moisture, has plasticity and is well attached to the surface of walls and ceilings using glue or light dowels. Paint adheres well to this decor and does not affect the quality of the surface. Therefore, products can be painted many times, experimenting with shades and giving the surface the texture of stone or wood.

Decorative stucco molding made of duropolymer

Molded products made from duropolymer are a type of decorative ornaments made from polystyrene. They are produced using the same technology, including hot mass extrusion. Only charcoal is added to the polystyrene components in the raw material. That is why this material is much denser than polystyrene and has a high degree of impact resistance. This stucco molding looks especially impressive after being painted to resemble wood. When painting the surface, additional protection is simultaneously created.

Colored stucco

A new direction in finishing decor is colored stucco. Color is mainly given to polystyrene and its variants, duropolymer. For this purpose, materials with a high density are chosen. Products made of plaster and alabaster are also often coated in different colors.

A characteristic feature of the design of such stucco molding is the detailed drawing of the pattern and texture. Gold or silver stylization is especially often used. By using coloring to give the appearance of the texture of expensive natural stones or the texture of wood, they achieve an exquisite look of expensive decor with a minimum of costs.

Often plaster stucco , used today , tinted with a special varnish (shellac). At the same time, it acquires a terracotta tone of color. If plaster, painted with silver, is then impregnated with hot drying oil, it takes on the appearance of a noble, expensive metal.

Varieties of decorative stucco molding by type of shape and purpose

Stucco decor is used to decorate walls, ceilings, door and window openings, window sills, bar counters and columns.

Depending on the purpose, these products have different shapes and sizes.

The variety of stucco decoration products presented on the construction market amazes not only ordinary buyers, but also experienced designers.

To understand their purpose, you must know the name of the main elements of stucco decoration, which include:

• elements for walls: panels, panels, consoles, rosettes, capitals;
• elements for universal use: baguette, inserts, domes, moldings, columns, pilasters;
• elements for the ceiling: ceiling beams and skirting boards, corner elements;
• elements for windows and doorways: arches, cornices, platbands, window sills and corner elements.

Cornices used to decorate the joints between the ceiling and walls. By installing such elements and other stucco on the ceiling, you can visually make it higher.

Door and window openings are decorated platbands And overlay panels. Their decor is selected to match the design style of the room. An option for decorating the ceiling with cornices and a doorway using skirting boards and relief beams and capitals is shown in the photo:

Rosettes They usually decorate holes for attaching chandeliers to the ceiling surface, but they can also be used as independent decorative elements.

The photo shows the ceiling design. The main emphasis is placed on such a rosette decorating the chandelier fixture:

By using baguette decorate the walls, framing decorative panels and paintings (pictured):

Looks very impressive indoors decorative columns from stucco, giving it visually additional height:

Today, using all types of decorative stucco, presented in a huge assortment, you can decorate the interior in any design style from Baroque to Empire.