Schedule for sowing seeds for seedlings. Garden planting calendar. Determining soil temperature using thermometers

An important factor in successfully obtaining seedlings on a windowsill is good quality seed material. Buy seeds from proven companies in proven stores. If you have your own seeds, then there is nothing to worry about.

Seed preparation

If you have seeds from last year (fresh), then it will be enough to treat them for two to three hours before planting in a solution of potassium permanganate (pink).

If the seeds are more than a year old, then it is better to soak them first in warm water for several hours, and only then pickle them in potassium permanganate for 2-3 hours. Otherwise, there will be no friendly shoots; some seedlings will grow larger than others and after a while will begin to oppress the smaller ones.

Seeds pickled in potassium permanganate are filtered and laid out on a regular blotter or cotton pad; after 30–50 minutes, the seeds acquire a free-flowing state, and now it is much easier to sow them.

Purchased processed seeds (they are in green or red shells) are not pickled in potassium permanganate or soaked, but are sown dry in very moist soil. Soaking these seeds can only harm germination.

Timing for planting seedlings

Seeds for seedlings are sown, not all crops at once, because they have different growing seasons.

• and pepper - sown in early February.
• Tomatoes - sown in the second half of February or the first ten days of March.
• Cabbage - (early), in the first half of March, (late) in late March-first half of April.
• Cucumbers - at the end of March, the first half of April.

Seedlings sown in February will not be strong and lush at first, as a result of lack of light. The onset of spring, sun and warmth, an increase in daylight hours will lead to the seedlings awakening in a couple of weeks, gaining power and strength.

When planted at the end of February, the seedlings will go through the entire cycle of vegetative ripening in May and in the open ground there will be eggplants and peppers 30–45 centimeters tall, and tomatoes even taller. Now all they have to do is take off, bloom and bring a powerful harvest, much earlier than seedlings sown later.

Planting seeds

Fill the cups (or containers that have been prepared) with planting substrate. After light tamping (pressing with your fingers), bring the height of the mixture to approximately two-thirds of the height of the glass.

If the earthen substrate is moist, then the filled cups are ready for planting seeds. If the earthen mixture (substrate) turns out to be dry, then pour plenty of water into the filled cups. Then the seeds are laid out on the substrate and the substrate mixture is poured on top, in a layer of 1–2 centimeters. Lightly tamp again with your fingers and slightly moisten.

The soil above the seeds should be no higher than two centimeters, otherwise the seeds will take a long time to germinate, or may not germinate at all.

Usually 2–5 seeds are placed in all cups. If you are confident in the quality of the seeds, 2-3 of them are enough (after picking, after a week, one of them is left, the healthiest seedling).

If you are not confident in the seeds, then you need to sow 5-6 seeds in each glass. When growing seedlings in pairs (tomatoes and peppers go well together in pairs), sow 3-4 seeds in a cup.

With the same quality of pepper, tomato, cabbage and eggplant seeds, pepper has the lowest germination rate and tomatoes have the highest germination rate. Therefore, when sowing peppers, it is better to play it safe and sow a couple more seeds in each glass.

After planting and watering the seeds, cover the cups with cellophane (which prevents the substrate from drying out before the seeds sprout) and place them in any warm place (the sown seeds do not need light before sprouting). It is necessary to look under the film every day so as not to miss the beginning of seed germination. After the emergence of seedlings, the film is removed and the cups with plants are placed in the light.

All experienced gardeners know that in order to grow good seedlings and then enjoy a bountiful harvest, it is necessary to take into account a number of nuances, including the timing of sowing.

A key factor in the success of this event is the age of the seedlings at the time of planting. It should not outgrow, as otherwise there is a high risk that the seedlings simply will not be able to take root, or it will take them too long to do so.

In order to correctly sow seeds for seedlings, you need to know the time of their germination, the most suitable age of seedlings and the timing for planting. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the timing of sowing seeds in the tables below.

Optimal timing for sowing vegetable crops

Seedling age– the maximum period of time for each crop during which it can grow in a planting container before being transplanted into the ground. Compliance with sowing dates is extremely important so that the seedlings take root well and quickly.

Time of emergence– this is the number of days from the moment of sowing the seeds until the formation of the first shoots.

Disembarkation dates– the optimal time for planting seedlings in the ground.

The article indicates the timing for sowing various crops in central Russia. Residents of other regions will have to independently adjust the timing of planting seeds to suit their climatic conditions. For example, in more southern regions, sowing begins in mid-February, and in northern regions - at the end of March, mid-April.

The timing of sowing lantern seeds is somewhat different from vegetable seeds; you can see them in the following table.

Timing of sowing seeds of annual flower crops

It is worth considering that the age of seedlings may vary depending on the following factors:

• growing conditions – seedlings grow more slowly at low temperatures;
• the size of containers for seedlings and the number of seeds per square meter - the smaller the feeding area, the shorter the time required for seedlings to ripen.

The timing of planting seedlings may also differ from those given in the tables. If, for example, the spring in your region turned out to be very warm, planting can begin about a week earlier and, accordingly, vice versa. By sowing seeds for seedlings according to all the rules and observing the recommended sowing dates, very soon you will be able to enjoy a rich harvest.

In the article on preparing seeds for sowing you can find even more useful information.

When to plant seedlings. Planting dates for garden plants

When to plant which seedlings? Calendar for growing seedlings

The optimal time for landing is when the Moon is below the horizon, that is, it has not yet risen or has already set, avoiding especially the rising and setting of the Moon.

To get the best harvest of tops, sow the seeds in the ground during the waxing moon - from new moon to full moon, preferably closer to the new moon. But not on the new moon: at this time the seeds have a minimum viability, they may not germinate. You can sow long-germinating seeds two days before the new moon.

The period two days before the new moon and seven days after the new moon is the best for sowing seeds that germinate and sprout very quickly or take a very long time. The 3rd quarter of the Moon is the best time to sow seeds, which take a moderately long time to germinate and emerge.

You will get the best harvest of roots if you plant on the waning moon or two days before the full moon.

Any harvest intended for storage is best harvested during the waning Moon and on those days when the Moon is in one of the “unproductive” signs of the Zodiac.

It is best to dig up potatoes on the waning Moon, closer to the new moon and when it is in Aries, Gemini, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius. It is acceptable when the Moon is in Leo, Virgo. Scorpio, Cancer, Pisces - potatoes do not store well and are tasteless.

Among the productive signs of the Zodiac, “wet” signs are noted, when plants most actively absorb water and accumulate it in the green parts. These are Cancer, Libra, Scorpio, Pisces. When the Moon is in these signs, watering is most effective. But it is effective to prepare grown products for future use (canning, pickling, pickling, drying, preparing juices and wine) during the waxing Moon, when it passes the signs of Capricorn, Scorpio, Taurus. Less effective, but acceptable - for Gemini, Aries, Leo, Sagittarius, Pisces, Cancer, Virgo. Highly not recommended - with the Moon in Aquarius.

Calendar for planting seedlings of garden crops

Working in a garden or vegetable garden requires enormous costs, both physical and spiritual. After all, it is necessary not only to plant a plant, but also to do it with soul and mind. To achieve success, you also need to act in accordance with nature, and this is not so easy. 2019 promises to bring a good harvest, but only if you follow the lunar cycles. And the 2019 seedling planting calendar will help you with this.

Favorable days for planting seedlings in 2019 according to the lunar calendar

Planting seeds for seedlings will certainly be crowned with success if the gardener is guided by common sense, that is, simple mathematical calculations. The lunar sowing calendar is responsible for success in this matter.

For the mathematical calculation, the following information is needed:

1. Time of seed germination.
2. The time for planting seedlings in the ground, in a greenhouse or outdoors, and in this case you can be guided either simply by the planting date or by the planned date of harvest.

Data on the main garden crops are given in the table, which also shows favorable days for planting in central Russia.

How to choose seeds for seedlings

One of the most important factors that have a huge impact on the yield is the quality of the seeds. But the difficulty lies in the fact that it is not immediately possible to discern which ones are good and which ones are not. Every gardener has his own secrets, but we will tell you a few more tricks.

You can buy seeds in a supermarket, a specialized chain store, and even at the market. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, but the main thing is reviews about the product and the seller. You can find out from your summer resident friends, or you can look it up on the Internet, or better yet, all at once.

But even with good reviews, there are mistakes and you can end up with a low-quality product. To avoid such a fate, be careful and consider the following factors:

• buy only in places you have trusted, and even if another store has opened where it’s cheaper, you shouldn’t take the risk. If you suddenly decide to buy expensive seeds in a store, be sure to keep the receipt so that in case of a defect you can return them.
• Before purchasing, be sure to check the quality certificates. And forget about embarrassment and inconvenience. Remember that this is your legal right.

Do not forget to study the information indicated on the packaging:

Hardening and planting seeds

Coated seeds do not require any pre-treatment before planting. But it is better to harden ordinary seeds before planting. This will ensure good germination, protect against pests and diseases, and also increase resistance to weather conditions.

The seeds of tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, and zucchini are hardened. They need to be soaked for 5-7 hours until they swell at a temperature of 20 degrees, and then put in the refrigerator (not the freezer!) for 6 hours, and do this for five days in a row. Instead, the seeds can, on the contrary, be heated in the oven - at a temperature not exceeding 60° for three hours. There are other ways to prepare seeds for sowing - each summer resident chooses his own. If you refuse to harden the seeds, do not forget to soak them overnight in water before sowing to speed up the seed's hatching.

The soil can be purchased, or your own; according to many experienced summer residents, this is not so important. But in both the first and second cases, it is necessary to carefully check it for the presence of various small plants; they should not be there. And before planting seedlings, it is necessary to prepare the soil. Place it in a wide container, pour boiling water with potassium permanganate and leave it for 3-4 days.

Planting seeds should be done as follows:

Picking seedlings is carried out at any time, but most often this is done when the first leaf appears. It is better to cut off weak plants in a common container, leaving the strong ones.

Don’t forget about regularly loosening the soil. Thanks to this, you can provide the plants with oxygen and also protect them from the development of bacteria. And to avoid such a misfortune as “black leg”, sprinkle the soil with ash.

Just remember to turn the pots towards the light so that the plants do not stretch to one side. In other cases, to grow strong seedlings, you cannot do without additional lighting. The easiest way to use a light source is fluorescent lamps or LEDs.

Seedlings should be watered only with settled water that does not contain chlorine. Two weeks before the intended planting in the ground, begin hardening the seedlings: take them out of the warm room onto the balcony for a couple of hours, then put them back. After a week, the seedlings can “stay” on the balcony for 4-5 hours. This procedure will speed up flowering and fruiting. The timing of planting seedlings in the ground depends on the specific area and weather conditions.

Introducing 2020 for every day. Daily lunar calendar for gardeners, flower growers and gardeners. The lunar calendar of sowing and planting contains a detailed description of gardening work for every day.

The calendar recommends favorable days for sowing, planting, caring for plants and a lot of necessary work in the flower garden, garden and vegetable garden, depending on the influence of the Moon and taking into account the agricultural times of Central Russia. The lunar calendar gives the dates for sowing and planting a large number of fruit, berry, vegetable and ornamental plants.

The calendar includes a calendar for 2020. The exact time of sunrise and sunset of the Sun and Moon, the time of the Moon's entry into the zodiac sign, the hours of the full moon, the new moon, the transition from the waxing to the waning Moon, the time of change of lunar phases, the length of the day are indicated according to Moscow time for the coordinates of Moscow. Lunar calendar of sowing and planting for 2020

published for 10 days and updated weekly.

We suggest that experienced gardeners use a brief Lunar calendar in pictures, and you can open the general Lunar sowing calendar in the form of a table, published for three months, using the picture link below:

Gladioli are planted for forcing.

Weeds are pulled out and seedlings are thinned out. Cut flowers for bouquets.

Sow and plant green, root crops, plants for seeds.

Waning Moon from 19:26 in the sign of Capricorn. Phase 4 from 12:35 p.m.

Today, apple, pear, and plum trees are pruned (before the buds swell), dried and diseased branches of trees and shrubs are removed, and shoots are cut out from trees and shrubs.

Tomato (tomato) seedlings, which have 2-3 leaves, and petiole and root celery (1-2 leaves have appeared) are planted in 6x6 cm pots. Gladioli are planted for forcing.

Waning Moon from 4:17 in the sign of Aquarius. Phase 4.

26th lunar day. Sunrise 5:53. Sunset 13:56.

March 21, 2020. Saturday

Seeds of onions and chives are sown into seedlings for transplanting into open ground.

Seedlings of petiole and root celery (1-2 leaves have appeared), and tomato (tomato) seedlings that have 2-3 leaves have appeared in 6x6 cm pots. Gladioli are planted for forcing.

On this day, fruit and ornamental crops are watered. Apply organic fertilizers.

Loosen only superficially, mulch the soil to absorb moisture.

A few words about the lunar calendar of sowing and planting for each day of the year.

The lunar calendar shows the dates for sowing and planting many plants. These are fruit and ornamental trees, berry and ornamental shrubs, annual and perennial flower and berry crops. Our lunar calendar tells us about the favorable times for sowing and planting almost all vegetable crops grown in the Middle Zone, with various methods of cultivation: planting, forcing, sowing, through seedlings, including in a greenhouse, on a windowsill and in open ground.

The lunar sowing and planting calendar for each day contains astronomical information indicating the exact time of the Moon's entry into each zodiac sign, the hours of the full moon and new moon are indicated, the time of moonrise and sunset, the time of sunrise and sunset and the length of daylight are given. If the Moon enters a certain zodiac sign during the day, then in the lunar calendar, in the sowing and planting recommendations column, a note is given before the specified hour to sow, plant and care for plants according to the recommendations of the previous day of the lunar calendar.

In addition, the lunar calendar of sowing and planting for each day contains folk signs for the Moon and signs for the harvest from the folk agricultural calendar.

Astronomical information about the Sun in our calendar

If you observe the position of the Sun for a long enough time, for example, throughout the year, you will notice that its height above the horizon on different days will be different - the highest on June 21-22, and the lowest on December 21-22.

These events fall on different days in different years. These days are called the summer and winter solstices. Twice a year, on March 20-21 and September 22-23, the Sun rises exactly at the east point and sets exactly at the west point. On these days it is below and above the horizon for the same amount of time (that is, day is equal to night), and therefore they are called the days of the spring and autumn equinox. Between March 21 and September 22, the Sun rises north of the east point and, conversely, between September 23 and March 21 south of it.

Traditionally, March 21, June 22, September 23 and December 22 are considered the beginning of the seasons in the northern hemisphere of the Earth: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

We publish information on which days the listed astronomical events fall this year in the daily lunar calendar, which is given above.

The topic itself is interesting about the influence on the growth and development of plants of the position of the planets in the zodiac circle, in particular the closest companion of our planet - the Moon, about the interaction of the phases of the Moon and the growth, development of plants, the activity of microbiological processes in the soil.

The influence of the Moon on earthly affairs has been known since ancient times. It is with this planet that the tidal phenomena of ocean and sea waters, as well as fluctuations in electromagnetic fields that affect the weather, are associated. It is believed that on a full moon, the above-ground parts of plants are filled with juice to a greater extent, and on a new moon, it seems to tend to flow back to the roots. In the first case, there is a stronger hydration of the tissues, in the second - some dryness. From here comes research into the influence of the moon on plants, and based on the knowledge gained, a lunar calendar is compiled for each day of the current year.

Plants are influenced not only by the phases of the moon, but also by its position in the zodiac signs. It is better to plant when our companion is in the constellations of Taurus, Cancer, Libra, Scorpio, Capricorn, Pisces. Fight weeds when she is in the signs of Aries, Gemini, Sagittarius, Aquarius.

The presence of the Moon in the constellation Aries is conducive to collecting fruits - they are better stored. Moving to the constellation Libra is favorable for watering and grafting, to the constellation Leo - for mowing and weeding, Sagittarius - for digging up root crops, Aquarius - for exterminating pests.

If you believe the experience of astrological observations, then the zodiac signs are divided into productive (fertile): Taurus, Cancer, Libra, Scorpio, Capricorn, Pisces, and unproductive (infertile): Aries, Gemini, Leo, Virgo, Sagittarius, Aquarius. Planting and sowing of fruit and ornamental plants according to the lunar calendar is best done when the Moon is in a productive zodiac sign.

How the lunar calendar of sowing and planting is compiled for each day

The local folk calendar, traditional experience, and accumulated knowledge are the main support in the practical activities of a gardener, florist and gardener. For neighboring regions, any lunar calendar needs amendments regarding the deadlines for sowing and planting, taking into account the conditions of a particular area. Data on the exact time of the Moon’s entry into the zodiacal constellation can be obtained from a chisel (tear-off calendar) for gardeners or an astrological calendar.

The weather also does not vary from year to year - there are early and late springs, which is also taken into account when compiling the lunar calendar.

The timing of the moon phases does not coincide from year to year. In almost a month, the Moon passes through 12 constellations, called the signs of the Zodiac. The following year, the lunar calendar shifts by 10 days. The timing of the moon phases repeats itself every 19 years. Every year, amendments are made to the daily sowing and planting calendar for the specific shape of the season and for the lunar phase.