Waterproofing by spraying. Seamless spray waterproofing of foundations, basements and roofs. Waterproofing composition for foundation walls
Modern construction technologies are developing at a rapid pace. Pasting materials for insulation, which are labor-intensive to perform and require a long time to install, are becoming a thing of the past. Seamless spraying for basements, roofs or walls is becoming increasingly popular today. The materials used for spraying easily combine with any coating at the molecular level, creating a truly reliable barrier against any climatic disasters.
Waterproofing is carried out using liquid-like materials that are applied to the surface using special equipment by spraying method. After hardening, such a layer forms a uniform elastic coating that has no seams or gaps. Essentially spray-on insulation, but with new and improved qualities of the finished coating.
For comparison, a frozen layer of emulsion, only 2 mm thick, can be compared in its impermeability to four layers of roofing felt. This significantly saves time and physical effort.
Spraying compositions
For spray-on insulation of foundations or roofs are used special materials. Based on their composition, all materials are classified into two main types, single-component and multi-component. One-component mixtures are sold ready-made and do not require additions for use.
It could be:
- polyurethane emulsion,
- bitumen and bitumen-polymer mastic,
- dry, quick-hardening waterproofing mixtures, ready for use, with a precisely calculated and verified composition.
Multicomponent ones have at least two components. For achievement necessary qualities latexes and stabilizers are added to them. The multicomponent material must contain a base and a curing catalyst.
The cold spraying technique is the leader among all today known methods protection of foundations and roofs. This insulation has the highest performance.
A coating made by spraying using cold-curing bitumen or bitumen-polymer mastic (one-component or two-component) does not lose its original qualities during operation from 30 to 50 years.
Features and Benefits
Sprayed waterproofing eliminates the need to consider condition load-bearing material and labor-intensive surface preparation. The only condition that must be met is the removal excess moisture and geotextile reinforcement.
The main properties and advantages can be named: stability, elasticity, manufacturability, safety (non-toxicity). Thanks to these qualities and innovative materials, the demand for seamless spray waterproofing is growing every day.
In addition, it is worth considering a number of other advantages of this technology, for example:
Adhesion
The ability of the sprayed insulation material to firmly adhere to any surface makes it possible to apply it to concrete, brick, metal, wood, roofing material and plastic. In this case, there is no need to dismantle the base layer or dry it additionally.
Durability
Materials applied by spraying retain their properties at temperatures ranging from -47° C to +98° C, regardless of operating conditions, for 30 to 50 years.
Safety
In addition to the fact that all materials used are environmentally friendly, the cold spraying technique eliminates the use of open flame, which makes the technology fireproof.
Stability
The absence of the need to use fastening devices allows you to create completely integral coatings on areas of any size and configuration. Mastics and emulsions form a monolithic insulating carpet, regardless of the number of joints in the treated surface.
Manufacturability
Sprayed materials reliably fill all existing microcracks, cavities and capillaries. The layer obtained by spraying is not only waterproofing, but also vapor and gas impermeable.
In addition to all these wonderful qualities, seamless sprayed waterproofing of foundations, basements and roofs has several negative qualities, the most significant of them are:
- Sensitivity of mastic and emulsion to the action of solvents and materials containing petroleum products.
- The finished insulation layer can only be removed mechanically.
- The need for special equipment and qualified personnel.
- Not all materials used are resistant to exposure sun rays, therefore application for roofs requires additional protection, by staining method.
Application area
In construction, spraying technology is mainly used for repairing and installing roofs, both traditional and inversion. Also used for . is the leading method in terms of its performance.
- , floor slabs, basement and basements, .
- Sputtering materials provide excellent anti-corrosion protection for metal and concrete elements buildings and other structures.
- The technique is successfully used in the construction of subways, in the construction of bridges and tunnels, and for strengthening slopes on unstable rocks.
- Waterproofing of pipelines from external and inside.
- During the construction of industrial facilities, such as water towers, drains and sedimentation basins, dams and irrigation canals.
Types of equipment and features of work
Waterproofing by spraying is possible only with the help of spraying machines of the following types:
- Gasoline
- Electrical
The material is selected depending on the type of equipment available; for airless spraying, two-component mixtures are used, while when working under pressure, single-component compositions are better suited.
After preparing the surface by cleaning it from dirt and treating it with a primer, the insulating material is sprayed.
If it is necessary to apply two layers of insulating material, the first layer is dried for at least 12 hours.
Materials are applied wide stripes approximately one and a half meters each, while the specialist monitors the uniformity of the spraying.
Multicomponent compositions are mixed in a torch; when applied to the surface, they harden almost instantly.
Although spraying is considered a new method and is constantly being improved, every day the technology is expanding its scope.
Waterproofing coatings of all types must adhere reliably to the base, be continuous, and have a uniform thickness.
Purpose of waterproofing
Waterproofing- a dense waterproof layer of paint, roll or other materials designed to protect building structures from wetting with groundwater or other liquids. In buildings and structures, waterproofing ensures their durability and normal operation. Let's consider where waterproofing is located in various buildings and structures. In a residential building, the outer surfaces of the walls of basements, foundations and other underground structures in contact with the ground are insulated. In the floors of sanitary facilities, waterproofing prevents wetness or leakage of interfloor ceilings.Floors and walls in bathhouses, laundries and other " wet» rooms are protected from the inside with a layer of waterproofing to prevent moisture and a decrease in the heat-protective qualities of the enclosing structures. IN attic floors if necessary, arrange a vapor barrier- a type of waterproofing.Vapor barrier prevents the penetration of water vapor from the room into the insulation. Without a vapor barrier, water vapor would penetrate into the insulation and, upon cooling, turn into condensation, causing the insulation to become moist and its thermal insulation qualities would decrease.
Main types of waterproofing
Depending on the position in space, waterproofing is divided into horizontal, laid on a horizontal surface, and vertical - on a vertical or inclined surface.According to the method of construction and the type of materials used, they distinguish the following types insulation:
- multilayer coating of plastic or liquid compositions.
Rice. 1. Painting waterproofing:
1 - foundation; 2 - waterproofing; 3 - overlap; 4 - floor
Such waterproofing is made from hot or cold bitumen mastics, as well as from compositions prepared on the basis of synthetic resins. The composition is applied in a uniform layer over the entire insulated surface for small volumes of work with brushes or rollers, for areas of the insulated surface of more than 500 square meters in a mechanized way.
Bitumen insulation is made in at least 2 layers, each 2 mm thick, insulation based on synthetic resins - in a layer of 0.5...1.0 mm. Depending on the type of mastic used, layers are applied at intervals of 1 to 16 hours after hardening and drying of the previous layer.In attic floors and coverings industrial buildings painting waterproofing, which acts as a vapor barrier, is applied in 1 layer.
- coating of several layers of roll, film or sheet materials, which are glued in layers with hot or cold bitumen mastics or synthetic compounds.
Rice. 2. Pasted waterproofing:
1 - foundation; 2, 6 - waterproofing; 3 - protective wall; 4 - layer of clay; 5 - level groundwater; 7 - fold of the lining carpet.
Isolation is done like this. The panels are rolled out in one direction and connected to one another with an overlap of 100 mm in longitudinal and transverse seams. In adjacent layers, the longitudinal and transverse joints of the panels are spaced apart no closer than 300 mm from one another. The number of layers is determined by the project. To the last layer roll insulation apply a continuous layer of hot bitumen mastic and protect it with a wall made of brick or other materials.Vapor barrier of horizontal surfaces from roll materials make one layer. In places where it adjoins the walls, it is placed on a vertical surface so that the thermal insulation on the wall side does not get wet.
- coating 5...40 mm thick, which is applied layer by layer from cement-sand mortars(composition 1:1 or 1:2 ) using waterproof cements. On small area(up to 100 square meters) and in the absence of hydrostatic pressure, the coating is applied manually, in 2... 3 strokes over a pre-moistened surface. The thickness of such insulation is no more than 30 mm.
Rice. 3. Cement plaster waterproofing:
1 - reinforced concrete wall; 2, 3 - layers of cement-sand mortar.
- coating up to 20 mm thick from hot or cold mastics. Cold mastics are applied in layers (mark thickness 2...4 mm).
Mastic is poured or sprayed onto horizontal and inclined surfaces, followed by leveling, usually in 2 layers of 7...8 mm each.
Rice. 4. Plaster asphalt waterproofing:
1 - reinforced concrete wall; 2, 3 - layers of asphalt mastic.The vertical surface of the waterproofing is protected by a brick wall, concrete slabs or layer cement plaster, reinforcing it steel mesh; horizontal - with a screed made of cement mortar or concrete.Hot mastic is applied in 2...3 layers to the surface from the side of moisture or hydrostatic pressure. It is protected from the outside.
Cast asphalt waterproofing
- a coating of hot solution or mastic in the cavity between the insulated surface and the protective wall. This is how isolation works. Asphalt mixture is poured onto a horizontal surface and 
level it with scrapers, lay a cement or mortar screed on top.
Materials used for waterproofing: polyurea, Hyperdesmo polyurethane mastic, Unicoat-101 and other elastomeric coatings, which are applied by spraying with imported high-performance high-pressure installations. 
Rice. 6 Waterproofing with polyurea
The choice of waterproofing system depends on the volume, conditions and type of work. Trust the specialists, because the choice of system determines not only the quality and price, but also correct functioning waterproofing.
Our company produces waterproofing of any objects quickly, efficiently and with a guarantee of up to 15 years.
We will select the waterproofing system you need and provide a free estimate. Our materials are used:- For installation of new and waterproofing of old roofs.
- For basement waterproofing , foundations, ground floors, tanks, sanitary facilities, treatment facilities, settling tanks, any building structures.
- For pool waterproofing , including for gluing tiles.
- To protect polyurethane foam and other surfaces from external influences.
- For protection and recovery appearance roofs made of tiles, slate.
- Waterproofing under screed , in wet areas- under the tiles.
Stargidrostroy company offers application services sprayed waterproofing. We have a sufficient material and technical base to successfully carry out work of any scale and any complexity. If necessary, our team will go to the site on the day of signing the contract and promptly fix the problem if it is a leak. Waterproofing by spraying is carried out on the basis of an official contract, which specifies the deadlines for the completion of the work (we strictly adhere to them). All work is carried out with a guarantee, which indicates their professional quality.
What it is?
Involves the use of material based on bitumen emulsion and liquid rubber. Based on the characteristics and materials of production, the following types of sprayed waterproofing are distinguished:
- sprayed polymer waterproofing;
- sprayed liquid rubber waterproofing;
- seamless spray waterproofing;
- sprayed urea waterproofing.
Features and Benefits
One of the features of sprayed waterproofing, which can be regarded as a huge plus, is the ability to form a solid layer that has no joints. Its thickness is about two millimeters, and the absence of seams on the surface makes it completely waterproof. This makes sprayed waterproofing indispensable for roofs! Thanks to its use, it is possible to provide effective protection not only from the outside, but also from the inside. The latter allows you to eliminate the destructive effect of moisture on thermal insulation materials from condensation that forms in the under-roof space.
As for other advantages of this type waterproofing coating, then there are a lot of them. First of all, this is the ability to operate in a wide temperature range from－47 °C to＋98 °C and resistance to ultraviolet rays. The membrane, which is formed during the application process, is incredibly reliable and will delight for a long time operation. An important point is that the material does not contain substances harmful to the human body, and therefore will not cause allergic reaction or intoxication of the body.
Of course, applying waterproofing of this type requires the use of equipment and should be carried out by professionals... For example, those who work at the Stargidrostroy company. We have powerful equipment that allows us to carry out work quickly. On average, our craftsmen can waterproof about one hundred square meters of surface in one shift. Contact us!
Waterproofing resins
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Waterproofing measures
Modern waterproofing of foundation walls and roofs is based on the use of liquid-like material. It is applied by spraying, and when hardened it forms a seamless coating with a rubber texture. In general, sprayed waterproofing is liquid rubber with unsurpassed qualities of the finished layer. The impermeability of a hardened emulsion 2 mm thick in terms of physical properties is equivalent to 4 layers of roofing material.
Waterproofing composition for foundation walls
Compound liquid waterproofing is a polyurethane or bitumen-polymer emulsion with the addition of latexes and stabilizers. All together the components work to protect the surface from moisture. If the coating does not receive mechanical damage, it will qualitatively protect the surface for 25-50 years. This period depends on operating conditions: soil type, chemical composition groundwater affecting the foundation walls.
Waterproofing can be sprayed onto the following types of surfaces:
- concrete, wood, metal, roofing felt, plastic.
To protect foundation walls, the role of sprayed waterproofing cannot be overestimated. The material parameters allow you to do high-quality insulation underground foundations with high protection requirements in places with increased groundwater flow, with high humidity soil.
Features of application by spraying
The method of applying liquid rubber by spraying has the following advantages:
- high speed of work and quality;
- allows you to treat hard-to-reach places;
- material fills tiny cracks and technological seams.
Equipment for work
After processing, there is a monolithic layer with high elasticity, which does not form deformations and tears. The specifics of applying the material require experience, so this type of waterproofing is best left to professionals. The material is applied using the following types of spraying machines:
- electric RX-27, RX-28;
- petrol RX-33.
The type of liquid rubber that will be used depends on the use of a specific unit:
- For airless spraying technology, 2-component rubber is used;
- if a unit operating under pressure is used, use single-component rubber.
Important: only the use of professional units reduces the likelihood of errors to zero.
Processing sequence
The technology for treating underground foundation walls with sprayed rubber consists of the following steps:
- Cleaning the surface from dirt.
- Primer treatment to improve adhesive properties.
- Application of insulating material using a special unit.
The entire complex of work is carried out by a team of 2-3 people and takes about 8 hours for a surface area of up to 1000 m2. As a rule, 2 layers of insulation are applied. The drying time for the first layer before applying the 2nd is 12 hours.
Price of work
The cost of waterproofing foundation walls with liquid rubber by spraying depends on the following parameters:
- area of the treated surface;
- conditions for surface preparation: significant (more than 20%) or minor (up to 20%) work;
Preparatory activities include the following steps:
- excavation;
- dismantling old waterproofing;
- sealing large cracks (if necessary);
- pre-treatment of the surface with a primer.
The average approximate consumption of superelastic sprayed waterproofing is 1.5-2 kg/m2, elastic - up to 3.5 kg/m2. Consumption depends on physical properties material: degree of water absorption, adhesion strength.
Material price
Domestic manufacturers offer the following types of liquid rubber for spraying:
- Armod-Hydro is a one-component polyurethane composition, sold in drums of 10, 20, 25, 50 kg. The operating temperature is -45+120ºC. Price 520-560 rub/kg.
- Ultramast - colored liquid rubber. Barrels of 50, 100, 180, 220 kg. Operation at -55+120ºC. Price 170-200 rub/kg.
- Mastic 33 is sprayed. Consumption up to 3.5 kg/m2. Price 150 rub/kg.
Currently, sprayed waterproofing is gaining great popularity. This method of protecting buildings and structures from moisture has many positive qualities and does not require dismantling the old coating.
Sprayed waterproofing consists of two components: filler and catalyst. Interacting with each other, they turn into a durable, seamless membrane. This insulation is applied using cold spraying.
Most often, “liquid rubber”, which is a bitumen-polymer or polyurethane composition, is used as a sprayed layer.
Advantages and disadvantages of the method
The popularity of sprayed waterproofing is explained by its clear advantages over other types of moisture protection for buildings:
- the finished waterproofing composition is packaged in barrels, which are convenient to use and transport;
- the composition is applied by cold spraying, i.e. eliminates the use of open fire, which is very important from the point of view fire safety;
- when using “liquid rubber” there is no need to dismantle the old waterproofing. Besides this material has excellent adhesion qualities to most building structures;
- “liquid rubber” forms an even, seamless film, regardless of the coverage area and object configuration;
- The insulation created by spraying retains its performance in any climatic conditions;
- The sprayed protection layer is very durable, elastic, 100% waterproof. It is resistant to active water flows, does not peel off from the base, and is environmentally friendly. "Liquid rubber" can also be used as anti-corrosion protection metal elements building structures. Creating a 2 mm layer of spray-on insulation replaces 4 layers of traditional roll covering;
- the material does not age from temperature fluctuations, vibration and solar ultraviolet radiation;
- “liquid rubber” contains no solvents. Therefore, it is completely environmentally friendly. Only water evaporates from it;
- organizing the repair of a defective area using the spraying method is economically profitable, since this method does not require dismantling the damaged layer;
- insulating material When applied to the surface, it fills all cracks and pores. Therefore, it is guaranteed to protect building structures from moisture, steam and gases.
When creating waterproofing using the spraying method, there is no need to use fastening material, nails, dowels, etc. This allows you to maintain the original integrity of the entire coating.
However, “liquid rubber” also has a number of negative qualities that must be taken into account when organizing protective waterproofing work:
- The material may lose its performance properties under the influence of an aggressive environment (solvents, petroleum products, etc.).
- “Liquid rubber” can only be removed from the surface of building materials mechanically.
- The cost of the method is quite high. Moreover, they can only work with it experienced specialists using specialized equipment.
- Selected species sprayed waterproofing may lose its protective properties when exposed to UV rays. Therefore, they require additional protection, for example, painting.
Where is “liquid rubber” used?
The main area of application of sprayed waterproofing is protection of foundations and roofs from moisture, load-bearing structures buildings and structures, as well as tanks. In addition, it is used:
- in shipbuilding, automotive and mechanical engineering to protect metals from corrosion;
- V civil engineering for protection against destruction concrete structures;
- during the construction of bridges, tunnels, strengthening of embankment slopes, etc.;
- for insulating pipelines, water tanks, strengthening irrigation canals.
Types of sprayed material
“Liquid rubber” can be of two types: single-component and multi-component. A single-component composition is already ready for immediate use, while a multi-component composition is prepared before starting work and consists of a base and a catalyst.
“Liquid rubber” according to the method of application can be divided into:
- bulk;
- painting;
- for cold spraying.
It is the latter group that is most in demand when creating waterproofing.
Liquid rubber application technology
Waterproofing work using sprayed materials is organized in the following order:
- The protective composition is applied in strips no more than 1.5 meters wide. The material must be applied evenly. The presence of untreated areas is not allowed. There is absolutely no need to achieve flat surface. The main thing is that the resulting film is free of foreign inclusions and defects. For spraying, it is best to use devices operating under high pressure.
- Before processing sharp corners Reinforcing material is placed on them. For example, non-woven geotextiles.
- If a multicomponent composition is used, then it must be taken into account that it hardens almost instantly on the surface.
- If spraying is carried out on concrete roof, then the thickness of the protective layer must be at least 2 mm, on a metal surface - at least 1 mm, on brickwork– 1.5 mm.
Protection of building structures from moisture by spraying a waterproofing layer is new way organizing such work, which requires a special approach.
Therefore, it should be trusted exclusively to professionals who know necessary knowledge and having practical experience. Contact our company, which specializes in carrying out such waterproofing work, and appreciate the benefits of working with a reliable partner.