Formula for limiting cash balance in the cash register. How to calculate the remaining cash limit

The cash register limit is the maximum amount of cash that the company has the right to leave in the cash register at the end of the working day. Funds exceeding the established limit must be transferred to the bank at the end of the day.
If previously the cash register limit was determined by one of the banking institutions, today the enterprise is not obliged to notify the bank about the size of the limit, deciding independently how much amount should remain in the cash register during non-working hours.
The cash limit is established so that, if necessary, the enterprise has the opportunity to quickly use the required amount for business needs, as change funds (if we are talking about a retail outlet), as an advance for a business trip, etc.
The cash limit is calculated taking into account several factors, including the operating mode of the enterprise and the specifics of its activities, distance from the bank, the volume of cash receipts and expenditures. A business entity can determine the cash limit based on the amount of average daily revenue. Even if the established limit exceeds its maximum volume, it is not the inflated amount that will be taken into account, but the average revenue per day.

The cash limit does not need to be agreed upon and approved by the bank!

Bank of Russia Regulation No. 373 dated 10/12/2011

In determining the cash limit, the duration of the bank’s operation plays a role, as well as the agreement existing between the bank and the organization on collection. As for the deadline for depositing funds, this issue is previously discussed with the bank.
If the cash register limit is not entered, it should be considered zero. The reasons why a cash balance limit is not set are not taken into account. If after the end of the working day there is money remaining in the cash register that exceeds the limit, it is defined as over-limit.
Being an internal matter of the enterprise, the calculation of the cash limit in the cash register, as noted above, should not be agreed upon with the bank. But if during the check there is an amount at the organization’s cash desk, the amount of which differs from the limit, it will be accepted as the limit. Based on this amount, the over-limit will be calculated for the entire period of storage of funds. The fact of exceeding the limit is fraught with the introduction of penalties in relation to the business entity.
The cash limit is calculated for the enterprise and for each of its separate divisions separately, approved by internal regulations. During the year, the amount of the limit may change if there are grounds for this (for example, cash turnover may increase).
In excess of the approved limit, cash may be kept in the cash desk for the payment of wages, scholarships, pensions and similar payments. If there is no reason to leave money in the cash register, and the organization does not have time to deposit it in the bank, the excess amount can be given to one or several employees on account (for example, for household needs), returning it to the cash desk on the next working day. If the established deadlines for using cash are exceeded, the company will also face the threat of fines.
For an organization just starting its activities, for the first three months of operation the cash limit is set according to forecast calculations, subsequently subject to revision. As a rule, adjustments to the maximum amount left in the cash register occur two weeks after the end of the three-month period.
Some businesses have the right to operate without establishing a cash limit. These include banks, religious organizations (monasteries, religious educational institutions, etc.) that do not carry out production or other business activities.

Formulas for calculating the cash limit

1. For businesses receiving cash funds for goods sold or services provided:

L = V/ P * Nc,

Where:
L
V- volume of cash receipts;
P- the billing period for which the volume of receipts is taken into account (no more than 92 working days);
Nc- the period of time between the days of delivery to the bank (no more than 7 working days).

Example:
LLC "World of KKM" (retail trade, opening hours from 9-00 to 21-00, closed on Sunday).
Revenue for 3 months: March - 1 million rubles, April - 900 thousand rubles, May - 1.2 million rubles.
In just 3 months (92 days) - 3.1 million rubles.
The proceeds are deposited in the bank the next day at 12 noon.
Thus, the cash register limit will be 67,000 rubles. (3,100,000: 92 days x 2 days)

2. For enterprises that do not receive cash funds for goods sold or services provided:

L = R / P * Nn,

Where:
L- cash balance limit in rubles;
R- volume of cash disbursements, excluding amounts intended for salary payments;
P- the billing period for which the volume of issues is taken into account (no more than 92 working days);
Nn- the period of time between the days of receiving cash from a bank check (no more than 7 working days).

Example :
LLC "World of KKM" (services, opening hours from 10-00 to 18-00, closed on Saturday and Sunday).
Cash costs for a week (5 days) - 40,000 rubles. The organization receives money from the bank 2 times a month every 16 days.
Thus, the cash register limit will be equal to 56,000 rubles. (40,000: 5 days x 7 days).

Fines

For violation of cash discipline by the Code of Administrative Offenses (Article 15.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses)
fine set:

• for an organization - 40,000-50,000 rubles,
• for management - 4,000-5,000 rubles.

The list of violations includes:

• cash settlements with other organizations in excess of the established amounts;
• non-receipt (incomplete receipt) of cash to the cash desk;
• failure to comply with the procedure for storing available funds;
• accumulation of funds in the cash register in excess of established limits.

A lot depends on competent accounting at enterprises. A qualified accountant who professionally and accurately performs his official functions is able to protect the organization from claims from regulatory authorities: tax service, labor inspectorate, etc. Other mandatory procedures that an accountant must carry out include compliance with cash discipline, including setting a cash limit .

We decipher the concept of “cash limit”

In simple terms, the phrase “cash limit” is deciphered quite simply: this is the maximum allowable amount of cash in the cash vault, safe or cash register of a commercial company at the end of the day. This norm was introduced by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, and the accounting department of an enterprise must set this limit individually at the beginning of each calendar year.

Setting and maintaining a cash limit is a headache for many accountants. In order to avoid surpluses, they have to constantly monitor cash, and if there is suddenly more money at the cash desk in the evening than the established norm, then the accounting representative needs to go to the bank to. Otherwise, it is unlikely that you will be able to avoid administrative punishment during any inspection.

As it was before

Previously, absolutely all enterprises and organizations dealing with cash had to limit the remaining funds in the cash register. Since June 2014, this practice has changed: now some business representatives may not set limits. It is not surprising that many wanted to exercise this right.

However, audits carried out by tax authorities discovered some violations caused by insufficient knowledge of the legislative framework regarding the unlimited maintenance of cash balances and, as a result, applied penalties to a number of enterprises and organizations.

That is why, in order to avoid claims from tax authorities, you need to exercise your right to an unlimited cash register competently and with a clear understanding of all the rules of this process.

In what cases is exceeding the limit at the cash register acceptable?

As stated in the law, on strictly defined days, enterprises and organizations can quite legitimately allow cash surpluses. In particular:

1. If payment of wages, social, material assistance, scholarships, etc. is expected, but no more than five working days from the date of withdrawal of money for these purposes from the company’s current account;
2. If cash transactions are carried out on non-working holidays or weekends, there may also be amounts in the cash register above the limit values.

Any other circumstances cannot serve as an excuse for exceeding the limit and will inevitably entail administrative punishment in the form of fines.

Fines for exceeding the financial limit at the cash desk

Monetary penalties for exceeding the amount of revenue stored in the cash register are quite significant:

• Legal entities(enterprises and organizations) may be fined from 40 to 50 thousand rubles.
• Individual entrepreneurs, as well as officials (accountants or managers) of commercial companies are subject to a fine of 4 to 5 thousand rubles.

If you can’t, but really want to: the right to refuse the cash limit

Commercial companies classified as small businesses, as well as all individual entrepreneurs, can take advantage of this right, regardless of the tax regime they apply.

Waiving the limit at the cash register does not imply any special actions; it is quite enough to simply meet certain parameters:

• marginal revenue– no more than 800 thousand excluding VAT for services performed and goods sold;
• limited staff– for the last calendar year, the number of employees at the enterprise should not exceed 100 people;
• participation in the authorized capital- no more than a quarter of the share of other legal entities.

If a company meets these requirements, then it can safely keep unlimited funds in the cash register.

In cases where the right to no cash limit arises not from the moment of registration enterprise, and, for some other reasons, in the process of its activity, then in order to take advantage of it, the management of the enterprise needs to take the following steps:

1. In a written resolution, cancel the previously issued order establishing a cash limit;
2. Issue a new order stating that from such and such a date there is no cash limit.

Setting a cash limit: procedure and rules

As mentioned above, all large enterprises and organizations are required to introduce cash restrictions. If this is not done, then by law the cash limit is considered zero. In order to set a limit on the finances stored in the cash register, the head of the enterprise or organization needs to issue a corresponding order. There is no need to submit any applications or notifications to the tax authority.

Attention! Individual entrepreneurs or legal entities working in the field of small and medium-sized businesses can set a cash limit on their own initiative.

As a rule, the justification for such actions is the desire to ensure control over the safety of cash. At the same time, you need to understand that if the corresponding order is issued and the cash limit is set, then the accounting department of the enterprise or individual entrepreneur is obliged to comply with it, and take all the excess to the bank. If any violations are discovered during the audit, tax inspectors will certainly resort to administrative punishment.

How to calculate cash limit

This is the question that most interests novice accountants. There is no need to rack your brains over it - calculation options are provided for by law:

• Based on the volume of cash receipts using the formula:

  Limit = Revenue / Billing period x Days

• By the volume of cash disbursement (if there is no cash proceeds) according to the formula:

  Limit = Issues / Billing period x Days

Explanations:

Revenue– the amount of funds from the sale of services and the sale of goods. If the enterprise has just been created, then here you need to indicate the expected amount of income;

Billing period– from 1 to 91 days inclusive. It can be chosen absolutely arbitrarily;

Days– from 7-14 working days between cash deposits. It should be remembered that the fewer the number of days, the less money should remain in the cash register.

Thus, if an enterprise, due to circumstances established by law, is obliged to strictly observe cash discipline, carry out nightly calculations of daily revenue and deposit balances with the bank, then this must be done in accordance with all the rules and regulations established by the legislator. Otherwise, it is unlikely to be able to avoid administrative sanctions from regulatory authorities.

The company must set the maximum amount of cash that can be constantly in the cash register: for this purpose it is determined cash limit. Sample order with calculation attached- lower on the page.

Running a cash register is convenient and easy in MySklada: cash transactions, tracking balances, printing outgoing and incoming orders, registering retail sales through the cashier’s workplace, as well as automatically creating a PKO when closing a shift and generating a Z-report at the point of sale. Try MoySklad - in the first two weeks all features of the service are completely free.

The order is issued by the head of the organization for any period - month, quarter, year, etc. The validity period of the cash register limit may not be specified. Then you can work with him until a new order is issued. Calculation formulas and illustrative examples are given below.

How to calculate the cash limit for 2019

The company independently establishes the procedure for calculating the cash limit. There are two options: based on the organization’s revenue or cash disbursement volume

Cash limit calculation: based on revenue

The first method is based on the organization’s actual or planned revenue. It is more suitable for those who sell goods or provide services for cash. In this case, the formula for the cash limit will be:

Limit = Revenue / Billing period x Days

The billing period is no more than 92 business days of the company. You can choose it arbitrarily, taking into account, for example, seasonality or “peak” revenues of previous years.

Days are the number of working days between the dates of depositing money into the bank; the duration of this period should be no more than 7 days, and in areas where there is no bank - no more than 14.

Example. In the 4th quarter, the cash desk of Solnyshko LLC received:

• in October - 130,500 rubles,
• in November - 345,000 rubles,
• in December - 146,900 rubles.

Money is deposited in the bank every day. How to calculate the cash limit for 2019?

We calculate using the formula above:

(RUB 130,500 + RUB 345,000 + RUB 146,900) / (22 days + 20 days + 21 days) x 1 = 9879.4

The resulting figure must be rounded to whole rubles. Thus, the cash register limit is 9879 rubles.

Calculation of the cash register limit: based on the volume of cash dispensed

The second method is suitable for those who mainly use cash to pay for purchases or services. The cash limit formula will be based on the volume of cash dispensed:

Limit = Issue / Billing period x Days

Example. Tiger LLC in the 4th quarter of 2017 issued employees a report for payment for household goods:

• in October - 30,000 rubles,
• in November - 45,000 rubles,
• in December - 60,000 rubles.

Money was withdrawn from the current account every 5 working days. The cash limit calculation will be as follows:

(30,000 rub. + 45,000 rub. + 60,000 rub.) / (22 days + 20 days + 21 days) x 5 = 10714.3

Rounding up to whole rubles, we get 10,714 rubles.

Cash discipline for online cash registers in 2019

Cash discipline presupposes compliance with the rules for cash payments, including the determination of the cash limit.

Since cash is used not only in trade organizations, but also where there is movement of cash, cash discipline applies to all legal entities. For example, CCT is needed when:

• payment of wages,
• money collection,
• return or issuance of borrowed funds,
• receiving or depositing cash at the bank,
• settlements with accountable persons.

When using an online cash register, legal entities must still fill out the PKO, RKO, cash book and determine the cash limit. But some documents may not be kept.

So, after installing an online cash register, it is no longer necessary to use the register and certificate of the cashier-operator.

Cash limit for small businesses in 2019

In 2019, there is no need to set a cash limit for small businesses and individual entrepreneurs. All individual entrepreneurs are also allowed not to use incoming and outgoing orders and a cash book, that is, cash discipline is simplified for them. You can confirm the revenue received when maintaining records without PKO and RKO using Z-reports or strict reporting forms. But refusing orders can complicate monitoring of employees: there will be no confirmation that the employee received the money.

If you refuse the cash register limit, you need to issue an order to cancel it. Be sure to indicate in the document from what date the cash register procedure changes.

Let's take a closer look at cash discipline for individual entrepreneurs and organizations under different tax regimes, including those who use online cash registers.

Cash discipline for individual entrepreneurs on the simplified tax system in 2019

The use of a simplified taxation system does not exempt individual entrepreneurs from complying with cash discipline requirements.

Individual entrepreneurs using the simplified tax system have their own characteristics:

• They must record cash transactions in the Income and Expense Accounting Book (KUDiR).
• If an entrepreneur using the simplified tax system took money from the cash register for personal purposes, there is no need to reflect this operation in KUDiR (since this is not considered an expense under the simplified tax system).
• It is not necessary to set a cash limit, maintain PKO, RKO and cash book - the entrepreneur himself chooses the accounting method.

Cash discipline for individual entrepreneurs on UTII in 2019

There is still time before the deadline, but it is better to set up an online checkout in advance. Firstly, you will have time to get used to the new rules, secondly, you will have time to apply for a tax deduction of up to 18,000 rubles, and thirdly, you will be able to immediately appreciate the benefits:

• ease of payment,
• savings on BSO printing,
• ease of inventory,
• efficiency in customer service.

Order a cash register from us - complete with OFD and FN for 15 or 36 months and the cash register program "MoySklad Cash Desk" for Win, Android or Linux. We will provide online training and help you import products and prices.

Cash discipline for LLCs on the simplified tax system in 2019

Cash discipline for LLCs has its own peculiarities. Note that:

• It is necessary to set a cash limit and ensure its compliance.
• Companies must maintain PKO, RKO and cash book.
• An employee is appointed within the company who is responsible for the correct execution of cash transactions.
• All transactions with funds must be recorded.
• Funds received must be used only for the purposes for which they were issued.
• An LLC has expenses where cash cannot be used. For example, payments for rent of real estate, payments on dividends or interest on a loan.

When paying in cash, the transaction amount should not exceed 100,000 rubles. But if the buyer is an individual, there are no restrictions.

Frequently asked questions about cash limit

What cash on hand limit can small businesses set?

For small businesses in 2019, there is no need to set a cash limit. Confirmation - instruction of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation dated March 11, 2014 No. 3210-U. If the company decides to determine the cash limit, the formula will depend on the volume of revenue or money issued.

How often should a company recalculate its cash limit?

This is decided by the head of the organization. The Central Bank of the Russian Federation does not specify a period, but the letter of the Central Bank dated February 15, 2012 No. 36-3/25 states that the cash limit should be reviewed if the volume of cash receipts or withdrawals has changed significantly.

When can you exceed the cash limit?

Exceeding the cash register limit is allowed in the following cases:

• issuance of salaries, scholarships and other payments,
• Company work on weekends and holidays.

Who sets the cash limit?

The head of the company determines the procedure for calculating the cash limit based on the economic characteristics of the enterprise.

Is it necessary to set a cash limit for an LLC in 2019?

Yes. All organizations are required to determine the cash limit for 2019. Sample order with calculation attached

Is cash discipline required for individual entrepreneurs?

Yes. But for individual entrepreneurs, cash discipline is simplified: they may not maintain PKO, RKO, cash book and not set a cash limit.

Is cash discipline observed at online cash registers in 2019?

Yes. But if you installed an online cash register, then some cash documents may not be maintained: for example, a cashier’s journal. Read more

You may also find them useful.

In order to understand the concept of “cash discipline”, you first need to understand the difference between the terms “Cash register” and “Cash desk”:

Cash register (KKM, KKT) is a device necessary for receiving funds from your clients. There can be any number of such devices and each of them must have its own reporting documents.

Enterprise cash desk (operating cash desk) is a collection all cash transactions(reception, storage, delivery). The cash register receives revenue received, including from the cash register. All cash expenses related to the activities of the enterprise are made from the cash desk and money is handed over to collectors for further transfer to the bank. The cash register can be a separate room, a safe in the room, or even a drawer in the desk.

So, all cash transactions must be accompanied by the execution of cash documents, which is usually meant by compliance with cash discipline.

Cash discipline is a set of rules that must be followed when carrying out operations related to the receipt, issuance and storage of cash (cash transactions).

The basic rules of cash discipline are:

Who must comply

The need to maintain cash discipline does not depend on the presence of a cash register or the chosen taxation system.

How is the cash balance limit calculated?

The procedure for calculating the cash balance limit is presented in the appendix to the Directive of the Bank of Russia dated March 11, 2014 No. 3210-U.

According to it, in 2019 the cash balance limit can be calculated in one of two ways:

Option 1. Calculation based on the volume of cash receipts at the cash desk

L = V / P x N c

L

V– the volume of cash receipts for goods sold, work performed, services rendered for the billing period in rubles (newly created individual entrepreneurs and organizations indicate the expected volume of receipts).

P– the calculation period for which the volume of cash receipts is taken into account (when determining it, you can take any period of time, for example, the month in which the peak volumes of cash receipts occurred). The billing period must be no more than 92 working days

Nc– the period of time between the day on which cash was received and the day the money was deposited at the bank. This period should not exceed 7 working days, and in the absence of a bank in the locality - 14 working days. For example, if money is deposited at the bank once every 3 working days, then N c = 3. When determining N c, the location, organizational structure, specifics of the activity (seasonality, working hours, etc.) can be taken into account.

Calculation example. LLC "Company" is engaged in retail trade. The management of the organization decided to set a cash balance limit for 2019, taking December 2018 as the billing period. In December, the company worked for 21 days and received cash proceeds in the amount of 357,000 rubles. At the same time, the cashier of the organization handed over the proceeds to the bank once every 2 days. The cash balance limit in this case will be equal to: 34,000 rub.(RUB 357,000 / 21 days x 2 days).

Option 2. Calculation based on the volume of cash dispensed from the cash register

This method is usually used by individual entrepreneurs and organizations that do not receive cash in the course of their activities, but periodically withdraw money from the bank (for example, to pay their suppliers).

In this case, the formula applies:

L = R / P x N n

L– cash balance limit in rubles;

R– the volume of cash issued for the billing period in rubles (with the exception of amounts intended for payment of wages, scholarships and other transfers to employees). Newly created individual entrepreneurs and organizations indicate the expected volume of cash disbursements;

P– the billing period for which the volume of cash withdrawals is taken into account (when determining it, you can take any period of time, for example, the month in which there were the highest volumes of cash withdrawals). The billing period must be no more than 92 working days, and its minimum value can be any.

Nn– the period of time between the days of receiving money from the bank (with the exception of amounts intended for payment of wages, scholarships and other payments to employees). This period should not exceed 7 working days, and in the absence of a bank in the locality - 14 working days. For example, if money is withdrawn from a bank once every 3 business days, then N n = 3.

Calculation example. LLC "Company" is engaged in retail trade. The company does not accept cash proceeds; buyers pay through the bank. However, from time to time the company withdraws cash from the bank to pay suppliers. The management of the organization decided to set a cash balance limit for 2019, taking December 2018 as the billing period.

In December, the company worked for 21 days and received cash from the bank in the amount of 455,700 rubles. At the same time, the cashier of the organization received cash from the bank once every 4 days. Salaries were not issued from the cash register. The balance limit in this case will be equal to: RUB 86,800(RUB 455,700 / 21 days x 4 days).

Order for setting a cash limit

After you calculate the cash balance limit for the cash register, you must issue an internal order approving the limit amount. In the order, you can indicate the validity period of the limit, for example, 2019 (sample order).

The law does not provide for the obligation to reset the limit every year, so if the validity period is not specified in the order, then the established indicators can be applied both in 2019 and further until you issue a new order.

Simplified procedure

Starting from June 1, 2014 - individual entrepreneurs and small enterprises (number of employees no more than 100 people and revenue no more than 800 million rubles per year) more don't have to set a limit cash balance at the cash register.

In order to cancel the cash limit, it is necessary to issue a special order. It must be based on the Directive of the Bank of Russia dated March 11, 2014 No. 3210-U and must contain the following wording: “Keep cash in the cash register without setting a limit on the balance in the cash register”(sample order).

Issuance of cash to accountable persons

Accountable money is money that is given to accountable persons (employees) for business trips, entertainment expenses and business needs.

Money can be issued on account only on the basis statements from an employee. In it, he must indicate: the amount of money, the purpose for receiving it and the period for which it is taken. The application is written in any form and must be signed by the manager (IP).

If an employee has spent his personal money, then he needs to compensate for it; in this case, a statement is also written, but with a different wording (samples of statements).

Note: It is desirable that the statement contain the line: “The employee has no debt on previously issued advances”(since by law it is impossible to issue money on account to employees who have not reported on previous advances).

During 3 working days after the end of the period for which the funds were issued (or from the date of return to work), the employee must submit to the accountant (manager) expense report with the attachment of documents confirming the expenses made (KKM receipts, sales receipts, etc.).

Otherwise, funds issued to the employee cannot be counted as expenses and the tax can be reduced accordingly. Moreover, if there are no supporting documents, then you will have to withhold personal income tax and pay insurance premiums from the amount issued.

Limitation of cash payments

Another important rule of cash discipline is compliance with the restrictions on cash payments between business entities (individual entrepreneurs and organizations) within one contract amount no more than 100 thousand rubles.

Cash limit - the amount of funds for current expenses that the company has the right to leave in the cash register after depositing the proceeds with the bank.

What is a cash limit - details

Each enterprise conducting commercial activities is obliged every day to hand over all revenue received to the bank, where it is placed in the organization’s current account. Violation of this rule threatens the company with serious fines. But to carry out small current expenses, until the first receipt of money at the cash desk the next day (before the start of sales), the Central Bank is allowed to leave a certain amount of money in the cash register. It is mainly intended for issuing change, issuing urgent accountable amounts to employees (by order of the manager), etc.

This cash balance is called the cash limit. You can store less than the money supply limit (cash). No more.

The amount of the limit is calculated using certain formulas by the accounting department and approved by order of the general director of the organization. Exceeding the limit is allowed only in two cases:
If the company practices issuing wages and advances in cash. In this case, the payment of salaries to all employees must be carried out within 5 days.

If cash transactions were performed on a weekend or holiday. For example, on Sunday the grocery store was open, but the bank servicing it was not. In this case, the proceeds are allowed to be returned the next day.

Setting a cash limit cannot be neglected. If it is not defined by order, it is considered equal to zero. In this case, any amount after withdrawing the cash register turns out to be above the limit, and the inspection authorities have the right to impose sanctions.

Note: it is not necessary to take money to the bank every day or call collectors. The organization has the right to establish the frequency of delivery of the money supply to the bank, but not less than once every 7 working days. For small settlements where there is not a single bank - once every 14 days.

After the cash desk is closed, the cash is either handed over to collectors or placed in an appropriately equipped valuables storage facility. She cannot stay there for more than 7 (or 14 in villages, hamlets, etc.) days.

Which companies may not set a limit?

Individual entrepreneurs and small business organizations are allowed to do without it. The benefit is valid for any individual entrepreneur, regardless of the number of employees and the volume of revenue, but legal entities, in order to be recognized as a small business enterprise, must meet the conditions defined by Law No. 209-FZ, Article 4. The main features of a small enterprise are:

• number of employees - no more than 100 people (for the previous year);
• volume of revenue or (cost of fixed assets on the balance sheet) per year - no more than 800 million rubles;
• the share of participation of other organizations, not small businesses, in the authorized capital is no more than 25%.

Note: Until recently, the maximum revenue was 400 million per year, but this has been doubled. Thus, many medium-sized businesses have received the right to be considered small.
In order for an organization that, according to the new rules, is classified as a small business, to waive the cash limit, its head must issue a corresponding order. There is no need to approve it from the bank.

After the order is issued, the company has the right to deposit funds with the bank at its discretion.

How often should you set a limit?

The frequency of its installation is not defined by law. It all depends on the wording in the order. The company has the right to set a limit for a month, quarter, year or indefinitely. If necessary, the limit is adjusted, which is also formalized by order of the manager.

If an urgent limit is established, then after the expiration of the period it is necessary to promptly issue an order on its new value. With an unlimited limit, you can work indefinitely.

Standard practice, approved by the Central Bank, involves reviewing and approving a new limit every year, since the company’s operating conditions may change, revenue may fall or, conversely, increase. In addition, the non-cash nature of financial transactions may begin to prevail in the organization. In these conditions, it is optimal to review the cash balance limit once every certain period, the “gold standard” is a year. Even with an established unlimited limit, at the beginning and end of the year, accounting usually recalculates its value.

Calculation with examples

According to the instructions of the Central Bank (Regulation No. 3210-U), the cash balance limit can be calculated in two ways - based on cash receipts or based on the amount issued. Each organization has the right to choose any one for itself. If there are changes in work (increasing sales or production volumes, transferring employees to pay wages on bank cards, etc.), the organization has the right to recalculate the limit using another method, also formalizing it by order.

Before the calculation, a working period is determined - any, but not more than 92 working (not calendar!) days. The frequency of cash delivery to the bank is also established - no more than 7 or 14 working days (see above).

The first method of calculation is based on income received at the cash desk. Formula:

L = V / D * P.

Here L is the cash limit, B is all revenue for a previously determined billing period, D is how many days in the period the organization worked, P is the frequency of cash delivery to the bank.

How it looks in practice: Altair LLC, which sells spare parts for cars, chose a billing period of 90 days, this is the first quarter of the year. The company's revenue for the first quarter amounted to 700 thousand rubles. The company uses a 5-day working week, so there were 56 working days. Money is deposited at the bank once every 5 days, at the end of the work week, on Fridays. Respectively:
700,000 / 56 * 5 = 62,500. The limit of funds that can remain in the cash register of an enterprise after its closure is limited to 62,500 rubles.

The second calculation method is based on the amount of cash that is withdrawn from the bank account. It is convenient for enterprises that carry out most of their payments by bank transfer. It also selects a billing period, establishing the number of days actually worked, as well as the frequency of receiving cash from the bank when withdrawing from a current account - exactly the same as when depositing: no more than once every 7 or 14 (in the absence of a bank) working days.

L = O / D * P.

Practical example: Skorokhod LLC provides courier services to other organizations. Payment for them is received by bank transfer, to a bank account. Payments to couriers are made in cash, for which money is withdrawn from the account every 3 days. The working week is six days (closed on Sunday).

Then: days worked in the selected period - 72. Revenue - 560 thousand. We get:
560,000 / 72 * 3 = 23,333 rubles. This is the cash limit of Skorokhod LLC.

Because When calculating, the result was a non-round, and also “infinite” number; the standard rule of rounding to the amount in rubles applies. Up to 50 kopecks is rounded down, over 50 kopecks - rounded up. Since the calculation turned out to be 23,333.3333 rubles, the amount was rounded to 23,333 rubles.

How to place an order?

An administrative document - an order or instruction - is issued by the general director or other head of the organization with the appropriate authority for any actions related to the cash limit - its approval, change (scheduled or unscheduled), as well as cancellation. If the organization has received the right to work without limits (see above), then this fact is also formalized by order.
Note: a common mistake made by many entrepreneurs is to stop complying with the limit immediately upon moving to the small category, without issuing an order. The fact is that the OLD order will remain in effect until a new one is issued. If the old order expires at a certain time, you still need to issue a new one to cancel the limit.

Typical wording of an order to set a limit:

In accordance with the Instruction of the Bank of Russia No. _____ “____” (number and name of the current Instruction or other regulatory document) and based on the calculation of the cash balance limit in the cash register, determined on the basis of ________ (indication of the calculation method used), I order: 1. Set the cash balance limit at the cash desk to ______ rub. 00 kop. (amount in figures and words). Appendix: - Calculation of the cash balance limit in the cash register. Director ____________

There is no need to coordinate this order with the bank or fiscal authorities.

If the organization has separate divisions, then each of them forms its own cash balance limit.

If the organization cancels the limit, then the order is formulated as follows:

1. In accordance with ____ (number and name of the regulatory act), cancel the order establishing a cash limit at the cash desk No. ___ ______ (indicate the number and/or other coordinates of the cash desk in which the limit is being liquidated, and the number and name of the order that is being cancelled).
2. Starting from “__” _____ 20__, LLC (Enterprise Name) does not establish a cash limit on the basis of ____ _______ (details of the regulatory act - Instructions of the Central Bank, Law or other document currently in force on the basis of which the refusal is made), since it is small business entity.

Supervisor ___________