Facade putty for painting for exterior use. Facade putty - features of selection and use Waterproof facade putty

The construction of houses, cottages, and various buildings is not complete without leveling mixtures, which are used to prepare all surfaces before the finishing coating. For exterior finishing work, façade putties are used. In this article we will talk about the types of these finishing materials, their pros and cons, and also provide information to popular manufacturers of these products.

Why do you need façade putty?

Facade putty is a paste-like material designed for leveling surfaces made of various materials (concrete, foam blocks, gas blocks, brick, stone, gypsum boards and others). It is used to smooth out cracks, roughness and prepare the base before performing façade finishing work.

According to consistency they are divided into:

• starting;
• finishing.

Starter putties have a coarse-grained structure and are used for lower surface finishing. They are adhesive, durable, easy to process, making them good at correcting surface unevenness. The thickness of the applied layer is 2−20 mm.

Finishing putties have a finely dispersed structure and provide an even, smooth surface before performing decorative finishing. They are not as strong compared to starter putties. The layer is applied with a thickness not exceeding 4 mm.

The industry also produces universal materials that combine the properties of starting and finishing putties. They are very rarely used for outside work.

Finishing materials must have the following qualities:

• elasticity;
• vapor permeability;
• frost resistance;
• moisture resistance.

Kinds

For exterior finishing work, putties with a cement or polymer base are used. Facade cement putties are resistant to low temperatures and moisture. For the production of starting cement putties, quartz sand is used. The composition of finishing cement includes: marble dust (microcalcite); quartz ground sand (marshallite). To improve technical characteristics, chemical additives are introduced into them.

Advantages:

• resistant to moisture and temperature changes;
• unpretentious and inexpensive.

Flaws:

• shrink;
• there is a possibility of cracks appearing.

The basis of polymer putties are polymer binders, divided into two groups:

• acrylic;
• latex.

Acrylic - can be either leveling or finishing, intended for external and internal work. Thanks to the acrylic material, which is their main component, these materials are plastic, moisture resistant and do not peel off. They are used to protect concrete, foam concrete, and plastered surfaces. The permissible thickness of the applied layer is 1−3 mm. The surface on which acrylic putty is applied must be primed.

Advantages:

• elasticity;
• high strength;
• moisture resistance;
• easy to handle.

Flaws:

• the need for puttying in two stages for deep surface damage;
• Grinding work must be carried out in a respirator.

Latex - made on the basis of latex. They are also leveling and finishing and are used for finishing the facades of houses and interior spaces. They are produced in the form of ready-made pastes, odorless and emitting harmful substances.

Advantages:

• durability;
• plastic;
• does not form cracks when drying.

Flaws:

• high price.

Table: comparison of materials for wall decoration

The cost of 1 kg of mixture is approximate.

How to choose the right one

Very high demands are placed on façade putties. The most important criterion is resistance to various atmospheric influences. When choosing a finishing material, you need to pay attention to the filler (its fraction) in the material, which determines the evenness of the surface being treated. The smaller it is, the smoother the surface will be. Cement putties have a large granular fraction, although they are more in demand. Ready-made paste putties have the best qualities. Quality materials should:

• maintain its plasticity for a long time, that is, have high “vitality”;
• be easy to use;
• set quickly and do not crack;
• be compatible with the paints and varnishes used.

Popular manufacturers

Ceresit putty S. T. 29 (starter) has a gypsum base and is used for leveling concrete, cement, lime, brick external and internal surfaces of buildings.

Work with putty must be carried out at positive temperatures from 5 to 32 degrees and used within 50 minutes. Complete hardening occurs in 10-16 hours. The permissible layer thickness is 20 mm. The solution consumption is 7.2 kg per m 2, the layer thickness is 4 mm. This option is frost-resistant and durable.

Putty with a gypsum base Ceresit C. T. 225 (finish) is used for decorative finishing. Apply to the pre-primed surface of the starting layer putty. Before applying the putty, the brick or concrete surface is moistened. The solution is used within 1 hour from the moment of preparation. Maximum layer thickness 5 mm. Chemicals with astringent properties should not be added to the composition. For 1 m² with a 1 mm layer, 1.8 kg of mixture is consumed. The putty has high strength.

Putty Kreisel 662 (universal) of cement-lime type, which has high adhesion to various types of surfaces and is intended for use in interior and exterior work. It is not recommended to apply the solution with a layer thickness of less than 3 mm, as it is subject to shrinkage.

SCANMIX TT putty (starter) cement-based. It has high water resistance and frost resistance, intended for finishing interior and exterior work. The solution is used to level concrete and brick walls, fill and seal joints and cracks. Apply to a dry, clean surface; the layer thickness can be 4−20 mm. Complete hardening occurs within a day. It is recommended to paint the surface after 48 hours. The putty is subject to shrinkage.

SCANMIX LH STANDART putty (finishing) has a polymer base and is used for different types of surfaces. It has high adhesion, does not shrink, and is also water-resistant and durable. Polymerizes throughout the day. Consumption is 1.5 kg per m 2, layer thickness is 3 mm.

Application technology: we carry out the work ourselves

Facade putty can be applied to the surface in two ways:

• manual;
• mechanical.

Mechanical application is carried out under high pressure using a special unit. This method has disadvantages:

• high requirements for putty consistency;
• uneven application of layers.

Therefore, in most cases they prefer to apply putty manually.

Before applying the solution, it is necessary to check the surface and clean it from dirt, dust, and grease stains. To strengthen the adhesion of the layers, prevent mold and fungal growth, the surface is primed with a special solution. Then you need to prepare the mixture for applying it to the surface. If a dry mixture is selected, it must be prepared according to the instructions on the package, and the purchased ready-made mixture is thoroughly mixed. The putty is suitable for application from the moment of its preparation from 30 minutes to 3 hours. First, the putty is applied to the depressions, cracks and leveled. If the putty is applied in several layers, then each layer must be primed.

In this article we talked about facade putties that are used for finishing residential buildings and buildings. Houses where such materials are used with subsequent decorative finishing protect them from atmospheric influences and have an attractive appearance that pleases not only their owners, but also passers-by.

Construction of a house involves the use of many materials. Before finishing the facades of buildings, it is impossible to do without leveling the walls and filling cracks; putty is used for this. It is often confused with plaster, but these are two different compositions. Putty is a powder or liquid mixture that can smooth out minor surface irregularities and give it an aesthetic appearance. It is applied to surfaces previously treated with a primer. For exterior work, façade putties are used. A distinctive feature of their solutions is their resistance to cracking.

Material compositions and why they are needed

Strength and performance characteristics depend on its formulation. There are several types of this material, but each of them contains common components:

• mineral fillers;
• plasticizers;
• cement or gypsum;
• modifying additives.

The plasticity of the solution, adhesion to the surface being treated, and resistance to external aggressive environments will depend on the type of the latter. Often, adhesives, laundry soap, varnishes, drying oil, chalk and gypsum are added to the putty solution as additives. They are selected depending on the operating conditions of the solution.

The advantage of these materials is:

• resistance to temperature changes;
• affordable price;
• ease of working with them.

• shrinkage;
• Over time, cracks may appear on their surface.

Acrylic

Acrylic putty is used not only for leveling walls, but also for decorating them. It comes in liquid form and can be applied to the walls immediately. It can be used on absolutely any surface. It can be finishing or leveling.

Minuses:

• is not able to eliminate deep cracks in one go;
• grinding its frozen surface must be carried out in a respirator.

Latex

Latex (acrylate) putty is suitable for application to external walls due to its improved moisture and frost-resistant characteristics. Produced in paste form.

Pros:

• easy application;
• plastic;
• high protective characteristics;
• durability.

Oil-adhesive

Oil-adhesive compositions are the oldest solutions used for wall cladding. They protect the surface from external aggressive factors and protect it from loss of performance characteristics. Due to the dense composition, when applying them, a situation may arise with heterogeneity of the layer; pieces of the mortar often fall off the walls. This is explained by the high specific gravity of the mixture compared to other putties.

Plus:

• high protective properties;
• low price.

Minus:

• high weight and density;
• They are more often used to treat floors than walls.

Gypsum thermal and moisture resistant

Putties are used for almost any surface and condition. Their properties depend on the type of polymer additives. For example, polystyrene increases the frost resistance of the composition, and latex helps it resist moisture. It does not shrink, so it does not crack when dry. Available in powder and liquid form, the latter is more expensive.

Pros:

• high technical characteristics;
• wide range of applications;
• durability;
• plasticity, it is easy to treat areas with deep cracks;
• thermal and moisture resistant
• affordable price.

Minus:

• It is better not to use it in its pure form; you need to buy a solution that contains additives.

Silicone

Silicone putties are the most stable and expensive solutions. They are elastic, have high vapor permeability and strength. They have the property of self-cleaning. They are well applied to the surface in a thin layer, maintaining the homogeneity of the mass.

Pros:

• plastic;
• vapor permeability;
• after rain, the surfaces covered with them are cleaned of dust and dirt;
• unlimited variety of colors.

Minuses:

• high price.

Review of the best manufacturers, the cost of their products

It is very difficult to do without this material during construction; it is in great demand, which is why many manufacturers specialize in it. Among them are leading companies.

Knauf

Knauf has high strength properties, is practical to use, and easy to apply. It can be used easily even by a beginner. This company offers a wide range of gypsum varieties with various polymer additives.

Supplied in 25 and 30 kg packages. Their cost varies from 300 to 400 rubles.

Ceresit (Tserasite)

Cerizite putty is used for leveling cement, brick, lime exterior and interior surfaces. It is applied only during warm periods. The entire resulting composition must be consumed within an hour. The maximum layer thickness is 20 mm. It has high strength and frost resistance. Has a long service life. The cost of 25 kg of product is in the range of 700-750 rubles.

Prospectors

Affordable and high-quality material, the application of which does not require special skills or labor costs. Evenly distributed over the surface. It is used to seal serious cracks and chips. It is reliable. Putty weighing 20 kg can be purchased for 200-250 rubles.

Bolars

This is a domestic manufacturer. The range of its compositions and their color range is impressive. The solution is easy to apply, neatly seals uneven areas and is evenly distributed, thanks to which it is used sparingly. The price of 25 kg packaging varies from 300 to 350 rubles.

SCANMIX TT

There is a starting and finishing version of the solution. They have high frost and moisture resistance. Level the walls and cover wide and deep cracks. The minimum layer thickness is 4 cm, the maximum is 20. The material hardens within a day. It has polymer additives and is suitable for any type of surface. It can be purchased for an average of 450 rubles.

Volma

Produced at the Volgograd gypsum plant. Facade putty goes under two names: “Socle” and “Aquaplast”. This is a budget material that is reliable and dries quickly without shrinking. The average cost of 25 kg packaging is 400 rubles.

PROFORM

The putty is supplied in ready-made liquid form. It is easy to apply, strong and durable. Has excellent adhesion and performance properties after drying. Supplied in a plastic bucket with a capacity of 28 kg, its price is 1,400 rubles.

The choice of one type of putty will depend on the material of the building facade and the required properties. Before purchasing, you should evaluate the characteristics of the selected type and reviews about its manufacturer. You should choose proven and reliable companies. The ideal option would be a practical, durable and inexpensive façade putty.

Facade putty is a construction mixture designed to give the outer surface of a building - the facade - the ideal smoothness necessary for high-quality application of decorative finishing.

This material is often called somewhat differently - putty, but both terms mean the same concept. They come from the German word Spachtel, which is translated into Russian as “spatula”.

Putty for exterior work is used almost everywhere, since it is impossible to lay the walls of a building perfectly smooth.

In addition to leveling the surface of the walls, the task of façade putties is to protect them from external influences. You can buy this material either in finished form (paste mixture) or in the form of a dry powder. In the latter case, you have to do the preparation of the putty yourself.

Classification of putties by purpose

All types of facade putties belong to finely dispersed materials, but depending on the purpose they can consist of fractions of various sizes.

In addition, ready-made solutions intended for various tasks may differ in consistency. Based on this criterion, all mixtures for facade work are divided into several groups:

1. Starting (base or leveling) putty.
2. Finishing putty. The finishing façade putty is a mixture with a finer grain than the starting putty. In addition, the finished solution should have a more liquid consistency. Finishing putties are used to final level the walls, giving them a perfectly smooth and even surface, which is extremely important for the subsequent decorative finishing of the facade of the house. The mixture is applied in a thin layer not exceeding 4 mm in thickness. In terms of strength, façade putty for finishing work is inferior to the starting putty, but it sands very well and is more pliable.
3. Universal putty. This finishing material combines the advantages of the 2 varieties described above, but it is not used for façade putty.
4. Decorative putty. Creating textured decorative elements or stucco on the outside of a building is done using this type of façade putty.
5. Wood putty. Used to smooth and protect against climatic influences wooden walls or walls with wooden cladding.

The technical characteristics of facade putties are determined by the intensity of atmospheric influences on the external surfaces of the house.

They must have vapor permeability, moisture resistance, frost resistance, and elasticity (elastic putty tolerates shrinkage of walls and changes in their size due to temperature changes).

Paint, tiles, enamel, mosaics, etc. can be applied to a façade leveled with putty.

Types of putty based on the base

Since all types of facade putties are assigned the functions of a protective barrier, they must have a fairly reliable base. For this purpose, cement or polymer components are used. Let's take a closer look at both options:

Cement-based putties

Facade cement putty is characterized by high resistance to moisture and low temperatures.

In addition, it has good strength, so it almost never cracks when dried. To make cement-based starting putty mixtures, use quartz sand, crushed to 0.5-0.6 mm. The composition of the finishing facade putty may include the following components:

• limestone flour with granule sizes up to 0.2 mm;
• ground quartz sand (marshallite);
• marble dust (microcalcite).

To improve the technical characteristics of this finishing material, its composition is enriched with chemical additives. Cement putty for facade surfaces can have a beige, yellowish or gray tint.

White cement putty is currently not produced, since its production requires the use of expensive bleaches.

Before purchasing cement-based putty, craftsmen recommend paying attention to the following aspects:

• brand of cement;
• compressive strength;
• level of adhesion with the material that will be finished.

Polymer-based putties

Polymer binders serve as the basis for a whole range of façade putties. All of them can be conditionally divided into two large groups:

1. Acrylic putties. All brands of acrylic putties are made on the basis of acrylate-siloxane mixtures. They are excellent for both basic and finishing finishing of external surfaces of buildings and structures. Acrylic-based mixtures do not need to be diluted with water; they are easy to apply and easy to process. After laying, the material is leveled to a thin layer approximately 2 mm thick.
2. Latex putties. This type of polymer putty is not used for finishing facades.

All putties for exterior use that have a polymer base have a number of advantages:

• strength;
• durability;
• plastic;
• fast setting;
• no shrinkage;
• no smell.

There are also special mixtures used, for example, for finishing polyurethane.

Preparation of the solution

Modern manufacturers of building materials practice 2 forms of supply of putties for all types of work: in the form of a ready-made mixture and dry powder.

In the 1st case, the material is supplied in hermetically sealed plastic buckets, in the 2nd - in paper or plastic bags of various sizes.

Before finishing work, it is necessary to prepare a solution from powdered putty.

The preparation process is quite simple: the dry mixture is diluted with water (the consumption of water and powder must correspond to the recipe given on the package), then thoroughly mixed using a drill with a special attachment to a creamy consistency and allowed to brew for several minutes.

The volume of one portion of the mixture should not be too large, since most brands of facade putties retain their working qualities for only three hours.

In order to determine the optimal amount of the solution to be prepared, the master should start working with a small portion, determining his own hourly productivity by area and the consumption of putty per 1 m2 of the surface being treated.

Finishing work

It is recommended to begin finishing work on the facade of the building after the foundation has settled. On average, this process lasts about a year. Finishing walls requires effort and diligence; you should be prepared for the fact that for satisfactory quality you will need at least 2 layers of base mortar.

Even the most experienced and qualified craftsman will not be able to get by with just 1 layer. The optimal air temperature for performing external finishing work is 5-20°C, the maximum permissible relative air humidity is 80%.

Operations are performed in the following sequence:

1. The wall surface is cleaned of dust, dirt, remnants of old finishing and oil stains. If there are areas with cracked plaster coating, this must also be removed.
2. A deep penetration primer is applied to the cleaned wall; it must be completely dry before the next operation begins.
3. On the surface to be treated, individual defects are repaired with starting putty: depressions, cracks, dents. After this, the material is allowed to dry.
4. A portion of putty is applied to a section of the wall and then leveled. The best tools to use are a construction float and 2 metal spatulas. It is important to note that facade putty must be used in its pure form; it cannot be mixed with paint, glue or other dry mixtures.
5. After drying, the first layer of putty is primed in order to improve the adhesion of subsequent layers to it.
6. The starting putty is applied in layers until the surface of the facade is completely leveled. The maximum thickness of individual layers is 4 mm. Each subsequent layer is applied only after the previous one has dried. The average consumption of starting putty per 1 m2 is 11-15 liters.
7. At the final stage, a finishing layer is laid on top of the base putty and leveled, which should be sanded after drying. The approximate consumption of finishing putty per 1 m2 is 4 liters.

Putty should not be applied to heated surfaces. During finishing work, it should not be exposed to direct sunlight, rain or splashes.

In order to protect the freshly applied solution from atmospheric moisture, the finished façade surface is covered with plastic film until completely dry.

Popular manufacturers

Knauf (Germany)

Knauf putties for exterior work are a high-quality building material used for both finishing new and restoring old façade surfaces.

Moisture-resistant mixtures Knauf-unterputts, Knauf-zokelputts and Knauf-grunband are very popular. Water consumption per 1 kg of dry mixture is 300 g.

Drying time:

• at a temperature of 20°C - 3 days;
• at a temperature of 10°C - 1 day.

Freshly prepared solution should be used within 3 hours.

Color: grey.

All putties of this brand are frost-resistant.

The price of a standard size package is 300-350 rubles.

Vetonit (Finland)

Polymer putties for exterior work of this brand have proven themselves well, and therefore are in fairly high demand in the domestic construction market.

Mixtures for rough work consist of granules up to 0.3 mm in size, decorative white putty - from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. Solutions are very easy to prepare.

They do not lose their working qualities for a long time, which allows the master to perform the work carefully and without unnecessary haste. The polymer filler ensures minimal consumption of finishing material even with a large number of defects on the treated surface.

For climatic conditions with a high content of atmospheric moisture, the manufacturer recommends using acrylic putty. This material is characterized by good adhesion not only to concrete, but also to wooden substrates.

White acrylic putty has elasticity combined with good strength, and is very convenient for sealing large defects, seams and joints.

Among the advantages of the material are high wear resistance and lack of odor. Thanks to the polymer base, when using Vetonit putties it is very easy to achieve an even distribution of the layer.

The price of a package weighing 5 kg is 250-270 rubles.

Ceresit

One of those brands that needs no introduction. The Ceresit company supplies the domestic construction market with a wide range of products, including many brands of putty for all types of work.

The approximate price of a 25 kg package is 700-750 rubles.

"Prospectors"

A very popular brand of putty in our country, the attractive side of which is the successful combination of good quality and affordable cost.

Great for people with insufficient experience who want to learn how to decorate facades with their own hands. Putty of the “Starateli” brand can be used both for its intended purpose and as a budget alternative to facade paint (paint of any color can be added to the ready-made solution, which has a beige tint).

At the same time, painting a facade with a composition based on this putty is 10 times cheaper than the same operation using the most inexpensive facade paint.

The approximate price of a standard package is in the range of 200-300 rubles.

In addition to those listed, the following brands can be noted:

• “Bolars” (the price of a standard size package is 300-350 rubles);
• “Volma” (purchase of a 25-kilogram bag will cost 400 rubles);
• “Glims” (the average price of a package weighing 20 kg is 400 rubles).

Now you can easily choose a putty, depending on the purpose and conditions of the repair.

Almost any construction project cannot be performed perfectly. And in order to give the building a perfect and finished look, it is necessary to carry out external work using facade putty. With its help, you can prepare the surface for decorative coating.

Often this material is called a little differently - putty, but both of these concepts are equivalent. Putty for external use has several purposes:

• Leveling the surface for finishing.
• Protection of the facade from the harmful effects of the environment.
• Strengthening materials.

Currently, putty can be purchased at any hardware store. It is sold in two types:

1. Ready mixture. Located in special containers, volume may vary significantly. Very convenient for unscheduled work, or if long transportation is not required. Has restrictions on storage time. Can be used gradually after opening the container. Afraid of frost.
2. Dry mixture. It is used for large-scale work, as it costs much less. Can be transported and stored for a long time. Cannot be stored in damp areas.

Types of putties for facade work

Mixtures for facade work differ based on their tasks. The following groups are distinguished:

1. Main. Consists of large fractions. Used for initial application. It smooths out minor irregularities and differences. With its help, cracks and chips are repaired. Well suited for objects that were built from bricks and foam blocks. Very durable, does not react with chemicals. Can be applied in a layer of up to two centimeters. The solution for work should have the consistency of sour cream. In a more liquid state, the material consumption increases, it takes longer to dry, and the desired result cannot be obtained.
2. . Consists of a fine fraction. Apply to the prepared surface. Serves exclusively for minor leveling. Hides small cracks. The application thickness does not exceed 3-4 mm. The solution is prepared in a more liquid form than for the main (starting) one. In both cases, an acrylic mixture works well.
3. Putty for decoration. Serves to create textured elements on the surface.
4. Putty for wooden structures. Protects objects made of wood or wood cladding from climate influences.

Facade putties vary in technical characteristics. Each of them plays its role in protecting the building. Correct application and alternation makes the object durable.

This material must have the following qualities:

• resistance to high humidity and frost;
• elasticity, with slight shrinkage no cracks should appear;
• must have pores that allow the surface to “breathe”.

Types of putty based on the base

Putties have different compositions. But it all depends on the component that is the main one. It is he who gives her the qualities that are necessary. But in addition to positive qualities, there are also negative ones. The development of technology has made it possible to create new types of materials, for example, acrylic putties. So, other polymer putties appeared. They began to have a large number of positive qualities, but did not yet become accessible. Below is a table that clearly shows the types of mixtures.

The most commonly used putties are of two types: cement-based and acrylic-based. The first is chosen because of its satisfactory characteristics and low price. The second because of its positive qualities, which are far superior to the first.

Cement-based putties

Having good strength, this material does not form cracks after drying. The composition for initial work includes sand, which is pre-crushed. The final composition includes:

• finely ground limestone;
• ground quartz sand;
• microcalcite.

The modern composition contains special chemical additives that improve its characteristics. This putty has different shades. There was a white cement putty available, but it was no longer available.

When choosing such a material, you need to be guided by the following aspects:

• what brand of cement is used;
• what is the compressive strength?
• how it interacts with the material that will serve as the basis;
• Excellent for concrete work.

Acrylic based putties

Such putties include the addition of special polymers. They can be used for all types of facade finishing. Such mixtures are already ready for use; they do not need to be further diluted with water. If desired, they can be tinted, but to do this you need to make sure that the color is chosen correctly. Apply in thin layers.

Such mixtures have many advantages:

• long service life, this is ensured by the addition of chemical elements;
• they are not afraid of shrinkage of the building, they do not form cracks, but adapt to changes;
• short drying time;
• no pungent odors or discharge.

But these putties also have their drawbacks. They react with some materials. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor what surfaces they can be used for.

How to prepare the solution

If ready-made mixtures can be used almost immediately, then you will have to tinker a little with dry ones. Although the process of preparing the solution itself is not that complicated. The whole point is that the powdered putty needs to be diluted with water and mixed. The kneading must be thorough; for this it is better to use a drill with a special attachment. Each solution has its own mixing time. It is indicated on the packaging. It is best to follow the instructions, then you can be sure that the mixture will turn out to be the desired consistency.

The amount of solution is prepared based on the volume of work. If there is excess leftover, it will not be possible to save it. The norm can be determined based on the data that the manufacturer must place on the packaging.

Work order

It is better to begin all work when the building has completely settled. This is the only way to avoid unwanted cracks. This should be especially borne in mind when using cement façade putty. If the surface has large unevenness, you will have to apply several layers. The drying time depends on the putty used. The acrylic mixture dries faster. Weather conditions also need to be taken into account.

Sequence of work:

1. The walls are cleaned of dirt.
2. The surface is primed.
3. Large defects are repaired separately.
4. Puttying of the facade begins. The required number of layers is applied. Each layer must dry completely.
5. The last layer after application is sanded.

The choice of the right putty for the facade depends on the work being performed. All parameters must be taken into account to achieve the desired result. It is very important to follow the instructions, then you can be sure that the treated surface will perform the functions required of it.

Facade putty is often used for exterior finishing of brick or stone masonry. This is due to the fact that it cannot be laid perfectly evenly. Putty intended for finishing the facade has not only a decorative function, it protects against the effects of precipitation and minor physical impact. What features of this finishing material can be highlighted?

Facade putty used for exterior work is a finely dispersed material, but it may contain fractions of different sizes. All solutions differ in their consistency and functions. The following types of mixtures are distinguished:

• Basic. It is also called the starting one. This external putty is widely used for leveling surfaces.

• Finish. It is represented by a mixture with smaller fractions compared to the previous composition. The finished putty has a liquid structure. It is widely used for final leveling of the surface, which is necessary for further decorative finishing of the facade. Although it has low strength characteristics, it is excellently sandable and flexible for finishing.

• Universal. This putty combines the advantages of starting and finishing mixtures. But it is not used for façade putty.

• Decorative. This composition for external walls is often used for finishing stucco and textured decorative elements.

• Wood putty. It is used to protect walls from atmospheric precipitation on wooden coverings. As a result, the surface becomes particularly smooth.

Facade putty for external use is moisture-resistant, elastic and frost-resistant. A layer of paint or decorative plaster can be applied to it. The treated surface can also be finished with mosaic, ceramic tiles or enamel.

Features of choice

Increased demands are placed on façade putties. Weather resistance is the main criterion that applies to them. When choosing a specific composition, it is necessary to take into account the filler of the material. The evenness of the treated coating depends on it. The smaller the putty fraction, the smoother the surface will be.

Cement compositions have a more granular and coarser fraction. Paste-like ready-made formulations have the best properties.

High-quality mixtures have the following features:

• do not crack and set quickly;
• easy to use;
• retain their plasticity for a long time;
• can be combined with the paints and varnishes used.

Related article: Features of oil putty (technical characteristics)

Cement facade mixture is characterized by increased resistance to low temperatures and moisture. It has high strength, so it does not crack during application. For its production, quartz sand is used, which is crushed to 0.5-0.6 mm. It may include marble dust, ground quartz sand or limestone flour with granules up to 0.2 mm in size.

Cement putty may include chemical additives to improve technical parameters. As for the color scheme, beige, gray and yellowish shades are used. White cement-based putty is not currently available because it requires expensive bleaches.

Polymer putty for facades can be made on an acrylic or latex base. Latex compounds are not used for finishing facades. But this putty is suitable for finishing indoor walls. Acrylic facade mixture can be used both as the main and as a finishing finish for external walls. It does not need to be diluted with water, and the coating is 2 mm thick.

On the video: what types of putties are there.

Making the mixture

Modern manufacturers supply all putties in two forms - as a dry powder or a ready-made mixture. The already prepared Knauf mixture is supplied in closed plastic buckets. Volma needs dilution and is supplied in paper bags of various sizes. In the second case, you will have to use water to prepare the composition. It is important to strictly follow the manufacturer's recommendations in order to obtain the optimal mixture thickness.

To mix the putty, use a drill with a special attachment. When the consistency becomes creamy, it should sit for several minutes.

Prepare a small portion, enough for quick application to a specific area of ​​the wall. Mixtures of most brands, like Knauf, retain their optimal properties for up to 3 hours. Then they harden, after which they cannot be used.

Related article: Selection and use of putty for drywall joints

If you cannot decide on the amount of putty mixture, start with a small portion. This way you can determine your productivity in terms of consumption and application area per hour per square meter of treated surface.

Application technique

Finishing work should begin after the shrinkage of the foundation is completed. On average, this process ends one year after completion of construction work. For facade work it is necessary to use a suitable putty. This process will require some effort and a little experience.

To apply a high-quality layer of Knauf, you will need at least 2 layers. Even an experienced master will not get by with just one layer of putty compounds. Work must be carried out at temperatures from +5 to +20 degrees. The maximum air humidity is no more than 80%.

To carry out the work, a ready-made or dry mixture intended for finishing the facade is suitable. When using putty, it is important to follow the sequence of actions:

1. First of all, it is important to clean the coating from oil stains, dirt, dust and old finishing layers. If there are places on the surface with cracked plaster, it will have to be removed.

2. It is necessary to apply a deep penetration primer. It is important to note that it must be completely dry before the next stage of work.

4. After the first layer of concrete has dried, the surface is additionally primed. This improves adhesion to the next layer. On average, the mixture consumption is 11-15 liters per square meter. m. surface, and the layer thickness is about 4 mm.

5. Finishing putty allows you to repair individual defects - cracks, depressions and dents. It is applied in a thin layer and wait until it dries completely.

After completing the putty work, the stage of plastering the wall follows. Do not apply plaster for external work on a heated surface. It is important that the coating obtained using putty is not exposed to direct sunlight or raindrops.