Economical gas boiler for 100 square meters. Electric boiler for heating a house (100 square meters): characteristics. Review of models and prices

04.04.2020

Read also

How to correctly guess on wax and what the figures mean

“Choice” layout - let’s look at the example of a student

Dilyara - meaning and origin of the name

Owning your own private home is the dream of many. And even if you are not engaged in construction yourself, but purchase a ready-made building, there will still be a lot of questions regarding its arrangement. First of all, to ensure comfort and coziness, it is not so much the design and interior content of the rooms that is important, but the ability to freely use the benefits of civilization at any time - water, electricity, heat. And it is also advisable to save money, which will be helped by individual wiring of lines, rather than connecting to centralized systems. In this article we will figure out which boiler to choose for heating a house of 100 square meters, since often this area is quite enough for the average family to live comfortably.

What kind of boiler do you need?

What boiler power should be to heat 100m2? To organize heating of a house of 100 square meters, an inexpensive compact boiler with a power of 10-12 kW is sufficient. The reasons for this are:

An area of 100 m2 is clearly not enough to accommodate a spacious boiler room with a large boiler. You need a small design that can be placed in a small room, in the kitchen or under the stairs.
Budget options have low requirements for fuel quality. However, there is no need to choose an option that is too cheap, since their energy efficiency is low. The boiler wastes fuel, which leads to unnecessary costs. You save on purchasing equipment, but fuel will soon “eat up” all your savings.
The power of 10-12 kW is dictated by the considerations that the heat loss of a house of such area is from 10 to 12 kW.

Calculation of heat loss at home

This calculation is quite simple. As practice shows, the amount of heat loss per “square” area is 0.1 kW. This means that the amount of heat loss for a house of 100 square meters will be: 0.1 x 100 = 10 kW.

If we multiply this figure by a reserve of 20% in case of extreme cold, we get: 10 x 1.2 = 12 kW.

That's all the calculations.

Gas or solid fuel boiler?

The most efficient is a gas fuel boiler. Next in efficiency are devices using solid fuel and electricity. This rating is built on the following principle: the amount of costs to obtain 1 kW of power:

If you opted for a budget design, then the gas option has the lowest operating costs. During the season you burn about 1200-1500 cubic meters of gas. Our separate article will help you choose the best gas boiler.
Solid fuel boilers are somewhat more expensive compared to gas boilers: about 4 cubic meters of firewood and 5 tons of coal during the heating season. Find out how to install a solid fuel boiler in a private home.
The electric design is much less economical: if you purchased an electric design, then be prepared to spend hundreds of kilowatts over the course of a month.

Important! However, the gas boiler also has a worthy competitor - a pyrolysis type boiler, which decomposes solid fuel into flammable gases. But the operation of such a boiler is associated with the cost of electricity, and such a design is quite expensive.

Review of popular boilers for heating a house of 100 m2

These boilers, according to customer reviews, are the best in terms of price, quality and energy efficiency.

Gas

Let's consider which boiler to choose for heating a house of 100 square meters if you prefer a gas model.

Important! Are you planning to install a gas boiler in your home? Then you need to familiarize yourself with all the requirements for the premises for installing a gas boiler in a private house.

AOGV 11.6:

Maximum thermal power - 11.6 kW.
The size of the heated area is up to 100 m2.
Number of circuits - 2 (can be used for heating and water heating).
Water heating boiler productivity, liters per minute - 2.5.
Installation location: on the floor.
Fuel type: gas.
Dimensions 0.9x0.4x0.45 m.

Protherm Panther 12 KTO:

Thermal power is 11.6 kW.
The maximum area of the heated room is 120 m2.
Fuel: natural gas.
Number of circuits - 1 (heating).
Installation location: wall.
Dimensions - 0.7x0.32x0.32 m.

Solid fuel

Comfort-10:

Thermal power - 10 kW.
Efficiency 0.72
Dimensions 0.62x0.48x0.67 m.
The capacity of the water jacket is 22 liters.

Bourgeois-K STANDARD-10:

Thermal power - 10 kW.
Efficiency - 0.85.
Dimensions - 0.85x0.38x0.93 m.
The capacity of the water jacket is 18 liters.

Stopuva S10U:

Thermal power - 10 kW.
Efficiency - 0.87.
The burning time of 1 bookmark (when using coal fuel) is 130 hours.
Dimensions (height, diameter) - 1.92x0.45 m.
The capacity of the water jacket is 34 l.

Electrical

As already mentioned, the purchase of an electric boiler is associated with significant energy costs. Let's consider the two most economical options if you need to choose a boiler for heating a house of 100 square meters. m.

Bosch Tronic 5000 H:

Thermal power - 13.9 kW.
Power consumption - 14.1 kW.
Efficiency - 0.99.
Dimensions - 0.7x0.55x0.27 m.

Kospel EKCO.L1z:

Thermal power - 12.0 kW.
Power consumption - 12.5 kW.
Efficiency - 0.99.
Number of phases, voltage - 3, 380 V.
Dimensions - 0.66x0.38x0.16 m.

Important! Electric boilers are compact, but before deciding which boiler to choose for a house of 100 sq. m, it is necessary to realistically assess energy costs. A power consumption of 12-14 kW is not affordable for everyone.

Heating pipes

In modern heating systems of private houses, polypropylene pipes are most often used. This material replaced steel and metal-plastic.

The advantages of polypropylene include:

Reliability and durability of connections (using soldering).
Long working life.
Ability to withstand high pressures and temperatures.

Correct choice of coolant

The best coolant option is propylene glycol antifreeze Thermagent -30 EKO. This is a good alternative to water. The main advantage of antifreeze is its resistance to high temperatures.

There is also this nuance:

If for some reason the heating system stops for a while, the antifreeze in the pipes will not freeze. This will avoid pipe destruction and plumbing breakdowns.
If you replace antifreeze with water, then when the heating system stops, the water in the pipes will freeze within a few hours.

In addition, antifreeze protects pipes from corrosion and scale.

Important! “Thermagent ECO” does not corrode rubber and plastic parts. Antifreeze is completely harmless to pets and people.

Removal of combustion products

The classic option for removing gases generated during fuel combustion is natural draft or exhaust through a chimney.

Important! The effectiveness of such a system does not depend on weather conditions.

Reserve boiler

When considering different options for which boiler to choose for heating a house of 100 square meters, you need to think about the advisability of installing a backup unit.

Important! You should think about this option if you have chosen solid fuel equipment. The burning time of one load of fuel for the vast majority of solid fuel boilers ranges from 3 to 7 hours. All this causes certain difficulties. For example, if you need to leave for some time, there is no one to heat the boiler, and the house will become very cold.

The solution to the problem is to install a backup electric boiler. To avoid significant energy costs, you can use a backup boiler during your absence only to maintain a minimum temperature in the house (so that it does not freeze). This mode of operation of the boiler will be the most economical.

The choice of one heating option or another for a private home is a matter for the owner himself. But a variety of factors need to be taken into account. Buying a high-tech unit is tempting, but repair problems may arise. According to experts, the best option is to install units operating on different types of fuel.

Don’t know how to choose a boiler for a 100 square meter house? Can't calculate the optimal power of your heating device? Are you still deciding what to choose - a gas, solid fuel or electric boiler?

Let's try to understand this issue.

Electric boiler for a private house of 100 sq.m.

What kind of boiler is needed for a 100 square meter house?

For a house of this size, you should purchase a compact and possibly inexpensive 10-12 kW boiler. Why do you need this option?

Judge for yourself:

Firstly, on 100 square meters it is very difficult to find a place for a large boiler that needs a spacious boiler room . Therefore, you need a compact boiler that can be placed in a small room, under the stairs, in a corner in the kitchen or even in the hallway.
Secondly, the cheaper the boiler, the lower the requirements for fuel quality . However, the very “budget” option has poor energy efficiency - the boiler wastes fuel, losing calories and ruining the owner. Therefore, you need a relatively inexpensive model with the highest efficiency possible.
Thirdly, any house with an area of 100 square meters “loses” at least 10-12 kilowatts of heat . Therefore, to restore these heat losses, a heating device with a power of 10-12 kW is needed.

How to calculate heat losses at home?

Why did we decide that a 100-square-meter house loses exactly 10-12 kW of heat? Everything is simple here, heat losses of buildings with an area of up to 150-200 m2 are calculated according to the proportion:

One square meter of area = 0.1 kilowatt

Consequently, a house of 100 square meters loses at least 10 kW of heat (100 x 0.1). Increasing this figure by 20 percent of the “reserve in case of severe cold” we get the upper value - 12 kW (10 x 1.2). That's all.

Gas heating boiler

Gas, solid fuel or electric – which is better?

Remember or write down: the best boiler is a gas one, followed by solid fuel and electric heating devices. Why this particular order? We answer: it’s all about the cost of operation - the cost of fuel burned to produce 1 kW of power.

For inexpensive, compact models The cheapest operating costs are demonstrated by gas boilers that burn no more than 1200-1500 cubic meters of gas per season.
Solid fuel option will cost a little more - 5 tons of coal and 3-4 cubic meters of firewood per season.
Here's an electric boiler they buy it only out of desperation - it consumes hundreds of kilowatts of electricity per month.

However, in the segment of expensive boilers, the gas option has a completely worthy competitor - a pyrolysis boiler, which decomposes solid fuel carbohydrates into flammable gases (olefins). But this boiler does not work without electricity and is very expensive.

Popular gas boilers for a house of 100 sq.m

Domestic gas boiler AOGV 11.6(M)

For a house of 100 square meters, demonstrating the following characteristics:

Thermal power – up to 11.6 kW.
Heated area – up to 100 m2.
Number of circuits – two (heating + water heating)
The productivity of the water heating circuit is 2.5 liters per minute.
Installation diagram - on the floor.
Dimensions (height, width, depth) – 0.9 x 0.4 x 0.45 meters.
Cost – up to 17 thousand rubles.

Slovak single-circuit gas boiler Protherm Panther 12KTO

For a heating system for a house of 100-120 m2, with the following characteristics:

Thermal power – 11.6 kW.
Heated area – up to 120 m2.
Natural gas consumption – up to 1.4 m3/hour.
Number of circuits – one (heating only)
Installation diagram - on the wall.
Dimensions (height, width, depth) – 0.7 x 0.32 x 0.32 meters.
Cost – up to 35 thousand rubles.

As you can see: by choosing gas boilers, you can purchase a relatively inexpensive heating device, suitable not only for heating, but also for hot water supply.

Popular solid fuel models

Budget, single-circuit solid fuel boiler UYUT-10

Demonstrating the following characteristics:

Thermal power – 10 kW.
Efficiency -72%
Dimensions (depth, width, height) – 0.62 x 0.48 x 0.67 meters
The volume of the water “jacket” is 22 liters.
Cost – 13.5 thousand rubles.

Energy-efficient solid fuel boiler "Burzhuy-K" STANDARD-10

Thermal power – 10 kW.
Efficiency -85% (which is slightly less than 90 percent of the average efficiency of a gas boiler)
Dimensions (depth, width, height) – 0.85 x 0.38 x 0.93 meters
The volume of the water “jacket” is 18 liters.
Cost – 40 thousand rubles.

Long-burning pellet boiler for a house of 100 sq.m.:

Thermal power – 10 kW.
Efficiency -87% (!).
Burning time on 1 tab is up to 130 hours (coal).
Dimensions (height, diameter) – 1.92 x 0.45 meters
The volume of the water “jacket” is 34 liters.
Cost – 108 thousand rubles.

As you can see: solid fuel boilers, which are similar in characteristics to gas heating appliances, cost 3-4 times more expensive than the latter. And there's nothing you can do about it.

Economical electric boilers for 100 square meters home

Auxiliary electric boiler for a 100 sq.m. house:

Thermal power – 13.86 kW
Energy consumption – 14.1 kW
Efficiency – 99%
The electrical network is three-phase at 380 volts.
Dimensions (height, width, depth) – 0.7 x 0.55 x 0.27 m.
Cost – up to 43 thousand rubles.

Three-phase electric boiler Kospel EKCO.L1z

Owning a private home is the dream of many. And even if you are not engaged in construction yourself, but purchase a ready-made building, there will still be a lot of questions regarding its arrangement. First of all, to ensure comfort and coziness, it is not so much the design and interior content of the rooms that is important, but the ability to freely use the benefits of civilization at any time - water, electricity, heat. And it is also advisable to save money, which will be helped by individual wiring of lines, rather than connecting to centralized systems. In this article we will figure out which boiler to choose for heating a house of 100 square meters, since often this area is quite enough for the average family to live comfortably.

An area of 100 square meters is clearly not enough to accommodate a spacious boiler room with a large boiler. You need a small design that can be placed in a small room, in the kitchen or under the stairs.
Budget options have low requirements for fuel quality. However, there is no need to choose an option that is too cheap, since their energy efficiency is low. The boiler wastes fuel, which leads to unnecessary costs. You save on purchasing equipment, but fuel will soon “eat up” all your savings.
The power of 10-12 kW is dictated by the considerations that the heat loss of a house of such area is from 10 to 12 kW.

to contents

Calculation of heat loss at home

This calculation is quite simple. As practice shows, the amount of heat loss per “square” area is 0.1 kW. This means that the amount of heat loss for a house of 100 “squares” will be: 0.1 x 100 = 10 kW.

If we multiply this figure by a reserve of 20% in case of extreme cold, we get: 10 x 1.2 = 12 kW.

That's all the calculations.

If you opted for a budget design, then the gas option has the lowest operating costs. During the season you burn about 1200-1500 cubic meters of gas.
Solid fuel boilers are somewhat more expensive compared to gas boilers: about 4 cubic meters of firewood and 5 tons of coal during the heating season.
The electric design is much less economical: if you purchased an electric design, then be prepared to spend hundreds of kilowatts over the course of a month.

Important! However, the gas boiler also has a worthy competitor - a pyrolysis type boiler, which decomposes solid fuel into flammable gases. But the operation of such a boiler is associated with the cost of electricity, and such a design is quite expensive.

Gas

Let's consider which boiler to choose for heating a house of 100 square meters if you prefer a gas model.

AOGV 11.6:

Maximum thermal power - 11.6 kW.
The size of the heated area is up to 100 m2.
Number of circuits - 2 (can be used for heating and water heating).
Water heating boiler productivity, liters per minute - 2.5.
Installation location: on the floor.
Fuel type: gas.
Dimensions 0.9x0.4x0.45 m.

Protherm Panther 12 KTO:

The thermal power is 11.6 kW.
The maximum area of the heated room is 120 m2.
Fuel: natural gas.
Number of circuits - 1 (heating).
Installation location: wall.
Dimensions - 0.7x0.32x0.32 m.

Solid fuel

Now let’s figure out which solid fuel boiler to choose for a house of 100 sq. m.

Comfort-10:

Thermal power - 10 kW.
Efficiency 0.72
Dimensions 0.62x0.48x0.67 m.
The capacity of the water jacket is 22 l.

Bourgeois-K STANDARD-10:

Thermal power - 10 kW.
Efficiency - 0.85.
Dimensions - 0.85x0.38x0.93 m.
The capacity of the water jacket is 18 l.

Stopuva S10U:

Electrical

Bosch Tronic 5000 H:

Thermal power - 13.9 kW.
Power consumption - 14.1 kW.
Efficiency - 0.99.
Dimensions - 0.7x0.55x0.27 m.

Kospel EKCO.L1z:

Thermal power - 12.0 kW.
Power consumption - 12.5 kW.
Efficiency - 0.99.
Number of phases, voltage - 3, 380 V.
Dimensions - 0.66x0.38x0.16 m.

Important! Electric boilers are compact, but before deciding which boiler to choose for a house of 100 sq. m, it is necessary to realistically assess energy costs. A power consumption of 12-14 kW is not affordable for everyone.

The advantages of polypropylene include:

Reliability and durability of connections (using soldering).
Long working life.
Ability to withstand high pressures and temperatures.

There is also this nuance:

If for some reason the heating system stops for a while, the antifreeze in the pipes will not freeze. This will avoid pipe destruction and plumbing breakdowns.
If you replace antifreeze with water, then when the heating system stops, the water in the pipes will freeze within a few hours.

In addition, antifreeze protects pipes from corrosion and scale.

Important! “Thermagent ECO” does not corrode rubber and plastic parts. Antifreeze is completely harmless to pets and people.

A modern option is a coaxial hood, designed according to the “pipe-in-pipe” principle. This exhaust gas removal system does not require the installation of a conventional chimney. Combustion products are discharged outside through an internal pipe. Oxygen-enriched fresh air passes through the gap between the outer and inner pipes.

Important! The effectiveness of such a system does not depend on weather conditions.

Important! You should think about this option if you have chosen solid fuel equipment. The burning time of one load of fuel for the vast majority of solid fuel boilers ranges from 3 to 7 hours. All this causes certain difficulties. For example, if you need to leave for some time, there is no one to heat the boiler, and the house will become very cold.

The choice of one or another heating option for a private house is a matter for the owner himself. But a variety of factors need to be taken into account. Buying a high-tech unit is tempting, but repair problems may arise. According to experts, the best option is to install units operating on different types of fuel.

serviceyard.net

Which boiler to choose for heating a house of 100 square meters?

Heating options for a country house: choosing a boiler

Rising energy prices lead to a steady increase in utility tariffs. Wear and tear of boiler equipment and dilapidated pipelines reduce the reliability of centralized heat supply. There are autonomous options for heating a country house: the correct choice of boiler will reduce dependence on external factors, increase the efficiency and functionality of the system. Foreign and domestic manufacturers produce heat generators for private homes. Generators run on electricity, solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Each type of energy resource has characteristic advantages and disadvantages, but the choice of boiler depends on the available fuel.

When calculating the boiler power, it is necessary to take into account the thermal load of the heated premises

Formula for determining boiler power:

Wcat = (S x Wsp)/10 (kW), where

Wbot - boiler power, kW; S - heated area, m2; Wud - specific power of the climatic zone per 10 m2 of room area, kW.

Table 1. Specific power values by climatic zones:

Important! The simplified method for calculating power (1 kW per 10 m2 of area) does not take into account the climatic conditions of the area, height, materials and degree of insulation of the house.

When choosing heating equipment, you need to take into account the climatic conditions of the area

Effective operation of autonomous heating is impossible without compliance with a set of measures:

insulation of ceilings, floors, external walls, roofs, basements, attics, installation of double-glazed windows and modern door blocks;
carrying out preliminary thermal engineering calculations (determining heat loss through building envelopes);
compatibility of heating system equipment - design recommendations;
high-quality installation of the system, compliance with the rules of commissioning and operation of equipment;
timely prevention - flushing and hydraulic testing of the heating system at the end of the heating period;
preliminary water treatment - filtration and softening of boiler water.

The efficiency of the heating system will directly depend on the quality of its design and installation

The water heating system is simple, reliable and economical: the boiler produces, and the water flow through the secondary circuit transfers thermal energy to the living space. The volume of water in the heating system is conventionally taken as 15 liters per 1 kilowatt of boiler power. Integrated standards take into account the filling of the boiler and secondary circuits, the capacity of radiators, risers, distribution pipes, heat exchangers, hydraulic separators, distribution combs and heat storage tanks.

Natural transfer of thermal energy occurs according to the laws of gravity. Forced circulation of the coolant makes the process directed, predictable and controllable.

Water heating system is the simplest and most reliable to use

Heating small houses does not require the installation of pumping equipment - the coolant moves naturally. The liquid passes through the boiler heat exchanger and heats up. The density of the medium decreases, and the volume increases and pushes the flow out of the boiler into the main riser. The heated water rises up, enters the distribution line, and then into the heating appliances. Having transferred heat to the radiator body, the coolant cools and its density increases. At the outlet of the heating devices, cooled water enters the return line and moves towards the boiler.

The supply and collection pipelines are laid with a slope in the direction of flow (supply line to heating devices, return pipeline to the boiler).

Water-heated floors are a common method of heating a private country house.

Houses with an area of more than 100 m2 are equipped with a forced coolant circulation system. The power of the boiler and pump depends on the heat load of the room, the total heat loss, the number of heating circuits and appliances. Traditionally, pumps are installed on the bypass of the return line, through which the cooled coolant returns to the boiler. Additionally, pressure is built up in the long-distance hot water system and independent low-temperature heating circuits of underfloor heating.

Circulation pumps for heating are selected as a compatible element of the system, taking into account the rated performance and pressure. The operating characteristics of the pump specified in the technical data sheet must correspond to the calculated values.

Structure and design of the circulation pump

Pump performance calculation:

G ≅ Q/(ΔT x 1.16) (m/s, l/s, m3/hour), where

G - circulation pump productivity, m3/hour;

Q - maximum boiler power, according to the passport data, kW;

ΔT - temperature difference in the supply and return pipelines of the heating system, °C;

1.16 - coefficient of specific density of water, Wh/kg℃.

The principle of operation of the circulation pump

Calculation of circulation pump pressure:

Н ≅ (R x L x Zƒ)/1000 (m), where

N - circulation pump pressure, m;

L is the total length of the supply and return pipelines, m;

R - maximum resistance value on straight sections (Pa/m, 0.015 pascal per 1 linear meter);

Zƒ - product of safety factors and local resistances, Pa: resistance in ball valves, bends and fittings; internal resistance in chokes and thermostatic regulators; resistance in mixers and taps. If the heating system includes valves, fittings, thermostatic valves, mixers, then Zƒ = a x b x c.

Connection diagram of the circulation pump to the heating system

Modern technologies make it possible to automatically regulate the rotor speed. The pump independently responds to peak changes in operating load. Adapted models of autonomous heating heat generators are equipped with a circulation pump built into the boiler circuit.

Wood stove heating

An environmentally friendly and energy-independent option for water heating from a wood-burning stove is successfully used by residents of some regions of Russia. The reasons for organizing stove heating of a private house without gas and electricity are the absence or remoteness of a gas pipeline, the high cost of connecting communications.

Brick heating stoves are heavy and are installed on a separate foundation. The firebox is lined with refractory bricks. A welded steel coil 3÷5 mm thick is installed inside, which is connected to the water heating circuit. Sometimes the boiler circuit is built into the masonry mass, shielding it from the high temperature zone.

In a country house you can use wood stove heating

The dimensions, shape and position of the heat exchanger must provide the required heating of the coolant. The coil located in the body of the masonry allows you to obtain heating at the output sufficient for the operation of the low-temperature heated floor circuit (30÷60°C). There are no general recommendations for constructing brick stoves. Experienced stove makers carry out the work according to their own calculations and drawings, keeping the secrets of their craft in the strictest confidence. The cost of services of professional stove makers (starting from 40 thousand rubles and above) depends on the region, materials and design of the hearth.

The advantage of stone wood heating stoves: individual choice of design and repairs available for independent execution. The mass and heat capacity of the material allows the accumulation of thermal energy. The radiation of heat from the surface of the masonry does not stop after the wood has finished burning, which creates comfortable conditions in the house. Wood-burning stoves are additionally used for cooking, heating water and household needs.

Wood burning stoves Termofor with cooking surface

Disadvantage of water heating from a wood-burning brick stove: a decrease in the speed of movement of the coolant when the stone cools. Installing a circulation pump increases heating efficiency, but makes the system dependent on power supply.

Heating using solid fuel boilers

Factory models of classic wood-burning boilers are classified as solid fuel. Non-volatile equipment is made of cast iron or steel. Durable cast iron units consist of prefabricated sections, allowing repair and replacement of elements. Steel models can withstand sudden changes in pressure and temperature. Disadvantages of classic solid fuel boilers: the need for frequent fuel loading and mechanical cleaning of the firebox, chimney, and ash pan.

The best option for heating a country house is a combination boiler (wood/electricity)

Pyrolysis (gas generator) units are distinguished by an operating time on one load of up to 10 hours, an efficiency of 90%, and complete combustion of fuel. However, the conditions for stable combustion depend on the quality of the firewood (coal) and the completeness of the combustion chamber loading. Regulation and automation during the pyrolysis process is impossible, so the power of the unit changes in stages, from the beginning, peak and end of combustion.

The design of long-burning solid fuel boilers is fundamentally different from pyrolysis boilers. Designs with a vertical firebox and dosed air flow increase the burning time.

Sectional view of a traditional solid fuel boiler (left) and a long-burning solid fuel boiler (right)

The possibility of using any type of solid fuel and switching to an alternative heating method increases the attractiveness of combined models. Modification of the units allows, if necessary, to install gas burners and electric heaters in the firebox. The manufacturer's recommendations, indicated in the boiler passport, facilitate installation of the unit, installation of the chimney and selection of additional equipment.

Models of combined heating boilers (wood/electricity) are in particular demand among buyers. The price of units of the same power is presented for comparison in the overview table:

Description of the unit (passport specifications)	power, kWt	Dimensions (LxWxH), mm	Price, rub
Solid fuel pyrolysis boiler Burzhuy-K (Standard - 10), floor-standing:
area of heated premises - up to 90 m2; fuel: wood, peat, briquettes, coal (calorie content up to 5000 Kcal); Efficiency 82 - 92%, max operating temperature 95°C; approximate download interval 5 - 10 hours;	10	430x740x800	36800
Floor-standing solid fuel boiler Buderus Logano S111-2-12:
area of heated premises 120 m2; recommended fuel - brown coal (consumption 5.3 kg/hour), acceptable - wood and briquettes, coke; single-circuit steel heat exchanger; Efficiency 74÷86%, max operating temperature 95°C; country of origin - Germany.	13,5	730x600x875	40000÷75000
Long-burning solid fuel boiler Zota Topol M-14 (with the option of a gas burner and electric heaters):
area of heated premises - up to 140 m2; type of fuel: coal, firewood; single-circuit steel heat exchanger; Efficiency 75%, max operating temperature 95°C; approximate download interval 10 - 12 hours; country of origin - Russia.	14	845x440x875	28245

Domestic developments have received consumer recognition in the quality-price category of solid fuel boilers for heating a private home. Reviews left by equipment owners on independent forums indicate the competitiveness of Russian brands.

Gas heating of a private house

Statistics say that 2/3 of autonomous heating systems are an option for gas heating of a country house. Cheap fuel justifies the high cost of the units: gas enters the firebox automatically, constant control over the combustion process is not needed. Gas heat generators are equipped with a burner, a built-in circulation pump, an expansion tank, a heat exchanger, a security system and an automation group. Let's look at the classification of gas-fueled boilers and give an example of calculating gas consumption for heating a private home.

Autonomous heating of a country house using gaseous fuel

A gas boiler is selected according to the power of the unit. The standard condition - 1 kW of boiler power per 10 square meters of area is met if the structural elements of the building are insulated and the ceiling height does not exceed 3 meters. The dilapidation of the enclosing structures or the installation of a heat exchanger for hot water is the reason for choosing a heat generator with a performance reserve.

Important! The power of the unit stated in the technical data sheet corresponds to the standard pressure in the gas supply line (0.003 MPa low pressure). In practice, the gas pressure is lower than the contractual values, therefore the boiler power may differ significantly from that indicated in the passport.

When choosing the power of a gas boiler, take into account the norm of 1 kW per 10 sq. m

Steel single-circuit heating units with a copper heat exchanger are used for heating small houses. Heating gas generators equipped with automation are used for radiator heating and low-temperature underfloor heating circuits. For hot water supply, the system is supplemented with a boiler and a circulation pump.

Double-circuit gas boilers are used simultaneously for heating and preparing hot water. There are floor-standing models of double-circuit gas boilers made of cast iron, with a built-in storage boiler. The wall-mounted version of lightweight structures, with a heating ring and instantaneous water heater, is made of steel.

Gas wall-mounted double-circuit boiler Vaillant

Open fireboxes take air for gas combustion from the room in which the boiler is installed. The equipment must be located in a special combustion room equipped with fresh air ventilation and a vertical chimney.

Gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber operate thanks to forced air intake from the street. The associated removal of combustion products heats up a portion of fresh air and increases the efficiency of the heat generator.

Gas supply to a private home using a gas gelder and a gas generator

The classic way to remove exhaust gases is natural draft or forced exhaust through a chimney. A modern option is a coaxial hood of the pipe-in-pipe type. This type of exhaust gas removal system does not require the installation of a classic chimney. Combustion products exit through the inner pipe. Fresh air enriched with oxygen is sucked into the gap between the inner and outer shell of the pipe. External weather conditions do not affect the air supply to the combustion chamber and the removal of exhaust gases.

Important! Gas fuel boilers are classified as explosive and fire hazardous units. The regulations for installing a generator are prescribed in regulatory documents relating to individual boiler installations. Compliance with the rules requires considerations of personal safety: with a lack of oxygen, natural gas does not burn completely. The resulting carbon monoxide (CO) is colorless and odorless. The presence of 1% carbon monoxide in indoor air is dangerous to human health and life. Fuel leakage and the formation of an explosive gas-air mixture can lead to dire consequences.

It is better to install a floor-standing gas boiler in a separate room

A preliminary calculation of gas consumption is carried out to determine the economic profitability of the generator and the feasibility of using other types of fuel. The estimated gas consumption can be found in the technical data sheet of the boiler. Manufacturers indicate the hourly resource requirement. The value is multiplied by 720 (the number of hours in a day and days in a month), then divided by 2 (recommended power adjustment) and multiplied by 7 (average heating period).

According to theory, the economical operation of a heat generator allows the generation of 1 kW of thermal energy when burning 0.1 m3 of gas. This means that by burning one cubic meter of gaseous fuel, it is possible to heat a residential building with an area of 100 square meters for one hour. Daily gas consumption is 24 m3.

The article was prepared with the information support of engineers from the Teplodar company https://www.teplodar.ru/catalog/kotli/ - heating boilers at prices from the manufacturer.

The most important characteristic taken into account when purchasing heating boilers, both gas, electric or solid fuel, is their power. Therefore, many consumers who are planning to purchase a heat generator for a room heating system are concerned with the question of how to calculate the boiler power based on the area of the premises and other data. This is discussed in the following lines.

Calculation parameters. What to consider

But first, let’s figure out what this such an important quantity actually is, and most importantly, why it is so important.

In essence, the described characteristic of a heat generator operating on any type of fuel shows its performance - that is, how much area of the room it can heat along with the heating circuit.

For example, a heating device with a power value of 3–5 kW is capable, as a rule, of “enveloping” a one-room or even two-room apartment, as well as a house with an area of up to 50 square meters. m. An installation with a value of 7 - 10 kW will “pull” a three-room apartment with an area of up to 100 sq. m. m.

In other words, they usually take a power equal to approximately a tenth of the entire heated area (in kW). But this is only in the most general case. To obtain a specific value, a calculation is needed. Various factors must be taken into account in the calculations. Let's list them:

Total heated area.
Region where calculated heating operates.
House walls and their thermal insulation.
Roof heat loss.
Type of boiler fuel.

Now let’s talk directly about calculating power in relation to different types of boilers: gas, electric and solid fuel.

Gas boilers

Based on the above, the power of boiler equipment for heating is calculated using one fairly simple formula:

N boiler = S x N beat. / 10.

Here the values of the quantities are deciphered as follows:

N of the boiler is the power of this particular unit;
S is the total sum of the areas of all rooms heated by the system;
N beats – specific value of the heat generator required to warm up 10 kW. m. area of the room.

One of the main determining factors for the calculation is the climatic zone, the region where this equipment is used. That is, the calculation of the power of a solid fuel boiler is carried out with reference to specific climatic conditions.

What is typical is that once upon a time, during the existence of Soviet standards for assigning the power of a heating installation, they considered 1 kW. always equal to 10 square meters. meters, then today it is extremely necessary to make accurate calculations for real conditions.

In this case, you need to take the following values N beats.

For example, let's calculate the power of a solid fuel heating boiler relative to the Siberian region, where winter frosts sometimes reach -35 degrees Celsius. Let's take N beats. = 1.8 kW. Then, to heat a house with a total area of 100 square meters. m. you will need an installation with the following design value:

Boiler N = 100 sq. m. x 1.8 / 10 = 18 kW.

As you can see, the approximate ratio of the number of kilowatts to area as one to ten does not apply here.

It is important to know! If you know how many kilowatts a particular solid fuel installation has, you can calculate the volume of coolant, in other words, the volume of water that is necessary to fill the system. To do this, simply multiply the resulting N of the heat generator by 15.

In our case, the volume of water in the heating system is 18 x 15 = 270 liters.

However, taking into account the climatic component to calculate the power characteristics of a heat generator is in some cases not enough. It must be remembered that heat losses may occur due to the specific design of the premises. First of all, you need to consider what the walls of the living space are. How insulated the house is - this factor is of great importance. It is also important to consider the structure of the roof.

In general, you can use a special coefficient by which you need to multiply the power obtained from our formula.

This coefficient has the following approximate values:

K = 1, if the house is more than 15 years old, and the walls are made of brick, foam blocks or wood, and the walls are insulated;
K = 1.5 if the walls are not insulated;
K = 1.8, if, in addition to uninsulated walls, the house has a poor roof that allows heat to pass through;
K = 0.6 for a modern house with insulation.

Suppose, in our case, the house is 20 years old, it is built of brick and well insulated. Then the power calculated in our example remains the same:

Boiler N = 18x1 = 18 kW.

If the boiler is installed in an apartment, then a similar coefficient must be taken into account. But for an ordinary apartment, if it is not on the first or last floor, K will be equal to 0.7. If the apartment is on the first or last floor, then K = 1.1 should be taken.

How to calculate power for electric boilers

Electric boilers are rarely used for heating. The main reason is that electricity is too expensive today, and the maximum power of such installations is low. In addition, failures and long-term power outages in the network are possible.

The calculation here can be made using the same formula:

N boiler = S x N beat. / 10,

after which you should multiply the resulting indicator by the necessary coefficients, we have already written about them.

However, there is another, more accurate in this case, method. Let's indicate it.

This method is based on the fact that the value of 40 W is initially taken. This value means that so much power, without taking into account additional factors, is necessary to warm up 1 m3. Further calculation is carried out as follows. Since windows and doors are sources of heat loss, you need to add 100 W per window, and 200 W per door.

At the last stage, the same coefficients that were already mentioned above are taken into account.

For example, let us calculate in this way the power of an electric boiler installed in a house of 80 m2 with a ceiling height of 3 m, with five windows and one door.

Boiler N = 40x80x3+500+200=10300 W, or approximately 10 kW.

If the calculation is carried out for an apartment on the third floor, it is necessary to multiply the resulting value, as already mentioned, by a reduction factor. Then N boiler = 10x0.7=7 kW.

Now let's talk about solid fuel boilers.

For solid fuel

This type of equipment, as the name implies, is characterized by the use of solid fuel for heating. The advantages of such units are obvious mostly in remote villages and dacha communities where there are no gas pipelines. Firewood or pellets - pressed shavings - are usually used as solid fuel.

The method for calculating the power of solid fuel boilers is identical to the above method, characteristic of gas heating boilers. In other words, the calculation is carried out according to the formula:

N boiler = S x N beat. / 10.

After calculating the strength indicator using this formula, it is also multiplied by the above coefficients.

However, in this case, it is necessary to take into account the fact that a solid fuel boiler has low efficiency. Therefore, after calculating using the described method, a power reserve of approximately 20% should be added. However, if it is planned to use a heat accumulator in the heating system in the form of a container for storing coolant, then you can leave the calculated value.

Drawing of a solid fuel boiler with estimated power

Too much and too little

Finally, we note that installing a heating boiler without first calculating its power can lead to two undesirable situations:

The boiler power is below that required to heat the existing premises.
The boiler power is greater than necessary to heat the existing premises.

In the first case, in addition to the fact that the house will be constantly cold, the unit itself may fail due to constant overloads. And fuel consumption will be unreasonably high. Reinstalling a boiler with a new one is associated with large material costs and difficulties during dismantling; is it worth talking about moral costs? That is why it is so important to correctly calculate the power of the unit!

In the second case, not everything is so bad. Excessive boiler power is mostly just an inconvenience. Firstly, this is the feeling of wasting money on an expensive unit. Secondly, oddly enough, an overly powerful unit that constantly works at half capacity reduces its efficiency and quickly wears out. In addition, a lot of fuel will be wasted.

Share with your friends!

Despite the abundance of modern heating options for private homes, most consumers opt for a traditional gas boiler that has been proven over the years. They are durable and reliable, do not require frequent and complex maintenance, and the breadth of the model range allows you to choose a unit for any room.

The main characteristic of a gas boiler is its power, for the correct determination of which a large number of factors must be taken into account. The comfort of the climate in the house, the efficiency of the boiler, and its service life depend on the correct choice of power.

Why is an accurate calculation of boiler power necessary?

A competent approach should be based on clear measurements that will allow you to see the full picture of heat loss in a private home. Buying a unit with excess power will lead to unreasonably high gas consumption, and, consequently, to unnecessary expenses. At the same time, a lack of boiler power can cause its rapid failure, since in order to heat the house it will have to work at higher speeds all the time.

The simplest way to calculate the power of a gas boiler, which has been used for quite a long time, is 1 kW for every 10 square meters of home plus 15-20%. That is, from this simple formula it follows that for a private house with an area of 100 m² you will need a boiler with a capacity of about 12 kW.

This calculation is very rough and is only suitable for houses with good thermal insulation and windows, low ceilings and a fairly mild climate. Practice shows that not all private houses meet these criteria.

What data is needed to calculate the power of a gas boiler

For private houses built according to a standard design, with a ceiling height of about 3 meters, the calculation formula looks quite simple. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the area of the building (S) and the specific power of the boiler (SPC), which varies depending on the climatic zone. He hesitates:

From 0.7 to 0.9 kW in the southern regions of the country
From 1 to 1.2 kW in midland regions
From 1.2 to 1.5 kW in the Moscow region
From 1.5 to 2 in the north of the country

Thus, the formula for calculating the power of a gas boiler for a typical private house will look like this:

M=S*UMK/10

80*2/10 = 16 kW

If there is a consumer whose task, in addition to heating the home, will also be heating water, experts recommend adding another 20% to the figure obtained using the formula.

What other heat losses need to be taken into account?

Even taking into account the climate zone cannot give a complete picture of the heat loss of a private home. Some have double plastic windows installed, while others have not bothered to replace the old wooden frames, while others have only one layer of brick separating the street and the room.

According to average data based on expert calculations, the largest heat losses occur on uninsulated walls and amount to about 35%. A little less, 25% of the heat, is lost due to a poorly insulated roof. Ideally, there should be a warm attic above the house. The bad can take up to 15% of the heat generated by the boiler, just like old wooden windows. We must also not forget about ventilation and open windows, which account for 10 to 15% of heat loss.

Thus, it turns out that the generally accepted formula is not suitable for every residential building. For such cases, there are different counting systems.

Concept of dispersion coefficient

The dissipation coefficient is one of the important indicators of heat exchange between a living space and the environment. Depending on how well, there are indicators that are used in the most accurate calculation formula:

3.0 – 4.0 is the dissipation coefficient for structures that do not have any thermal insulation at all. Most often in such cases we are talking about temporary structures made of corrugated iron or wood.
A coefficient of 2.9 to 2.0 is typical for buildings with a low level of thermal insulation. This refers to houses with thin walls (for example, one brick) without insulation, with ordinary wooden frames and a simple roof.
An average level of thermal insulation and a coefficient of 1.9 to 1.0 are assigned to houses with double plastic windows, insulation of external walls or double masonry, as well as with an insulated roof or attic.
The lowest dispersion coefficient from 0.6 to 0.9 is typical for houses built using modern materials and technologies. In such houses, the walls, roof and floor are insulated, good windows are installed and the ventilation system is well thought out.

Table for calculating the cost of heating in a private house

The formula that uses the value of the dissipation coefficient is one of the most accurate and allows you to calculate the heat loss of a particular structure. She looks like this:

Qt = V*Pt*k/860

In the formula Qt – this is the level of heat loss, V – is the volume of the room (the product of length, width and height), Pt – this is the temperature difference (to calculate it is necessary to subtract from the desired temperature in the room the minimum air temperature that can be at this latitude), k – this is the dissipation coefficient.

Let's substitute the numbers into our formula and try to find out the heat loss of a house with a volume of 300 m³ (10 m*10 m*3 m) with an average level of thermal insulation at a desired air temperature of +20C° and a minimum winter temperature of -20C°.

300*48*1,9/860 ≈31,81

Having this figure, we can find out what power boiler is needed for such a house. To do this, the resulting heat loss value should be multiplied by the safety factor, which is usually from 1.15 to 1.2 (the same 15-20%). We get that:

31, 81* 1,2 = 38,172

By rounding the resulting number down, we find out the required number. To heat a house under the conditions we have specified, you will need a 38 kW boiler.

This formula will allow you to very accurately determine the power of the gas boiler required for a particular home. Also today, many different calculators and programs have been developed that allow you to take into account the data of each individual building.