House made of timber description. Private house made of wooden beams. Floor and ceiling in a timber house

Houses made of timber certainly deserve significant attention.

This technology is quite well developed in Russian practice, therefore modern practices construction made such buildings not only quite cheap, but also comfortable for living in all respects.

It is quite difficult to convince many old-school enthusiasts: they perceive natural wood as the only right solution, capable of competing with even the most advanced materials.

Such houses are really good, but they have quite obvious disadvantages that are discovered both at the construction stage and during operation.

Pitfalls are inevitable, but having reliable knowledge, it is much easier to reduce all such effects to a minimum.

You cannot ignore them if you are seriously concerned about construction and want your home to serve you for a really long time.

Key Features

It is no secret that the overwhelming number of houses in this category are economy class solutions. Behind the warmth and low cost of such buildings lies a lot of nuances that can become a headache. First of all, the specificity of the material itself plays a role.

Most often, when building a house, the most familiar timber is used. natural humidity, which, like any tree, is not very impressive in some properties, first of all, we are talking about strength and elasticity. Further, timber, both profiled and edged, requires time to shrink; in the future, you can wait a year or even a year and a half.

After this, if all technologies are followed, the material dries out to a certain extent, as a result of which cracks appear, the size of which is unpredictable and often exceeds the permissible limit. At a certain point there is a need additional service: cracks should be caulked, window and door frames should be adjusted to the changed terrain. The deformation itself due to weather phenomena usually does not frighten owners, but for some, and this is understandable, this type of house seems somewhat unaesthetic.

A wooden house significantly changes its geometry: it dries out by 10% in winter and swells by 15% by summer. This problem should be taken into account when forming gaps and door hinges. If the calculation is incorrect, the door may well stop opening by summer.

All this - extra hassle, to which the owners of such dwellings are already accustomed. It is worth noting, however, that edged timber is much more susceptible to the appearance of a large number of cracks.

The profiled analog is, of course, more expensive, but behaves much better in practice. Overpaying a certain amount for it is a fairly good idea, since over time it will become obvious that this expenditure was not in vain. Despite the fact that timber in the form of timber retains heat perfectly, modern frame houses often in no way inferior to similar competitors.

With the help of insulation, you can achieve excellent properties in maintaining a favorable temperature indoors. That is why the demand for frame houses today is simply huge; unlike wooden ones, they require much less labor for construction.

Humidity

Any material of wood origin is very strongly affected by water and steam. On an intuitive level, it is quite difficult to understand exactly what processes are responsible for the destructive impact, however, the obvious need to insulate the tree is beyond doubt.

One of the most interesting effects in this regard - dew point. This is a specific physical phenomenon when sub-zero temperature on the street, a layer of space appears in the walls of the house, in which ice turns into water due to the drop. Rotting inevitably occurs, which leads to rapid wear of the wood. To neutralize this process, it is recommended to first completely insulate the walls of the house from moisture from the inside. This requires the painstaking work of a person with experience.

Poorly sealed cracks can also lead to the house being blown through by the wind, which can significantly disturb residents during a snowstorm. Strict adherence to this simple but rather specific technology is important.

Timber is a fairly versatile material; it is considered convenient to work with; most often it is considered as an environmentally friendly option, completely safe for human health. It is worth noting that all of these statements require significant qualifications.

Modern store-bought timber is dried in a not entirely natural way: for very short term time, it is dehydrated in ovens at high temperatures.

Externally, the material looks almost the same, but the internal properties deteriorate: in this process, resin crystallizes in the wood, which negatively affects strength and resistance to rotting.

Environmental friendliness is a relative concept, since wood remains completely safe for human health no longer than before the first treatment with impregnations and fire retardants. Varnishes are also synthetic substances, and such construction is extremely rare without them.

Soundproofing

Today many construction organizations look at this parameter especially strictly, since it really affects the quality of living. In a completely wooden house, external sounds can behave completely differently, but most often you have to deal with the phenomenon when they are not only not damped, but are also enriched with new overtones and noise. It’s hard to say how bad it is, but for some owners, the creaking of floorboards and the howling of the wind is exactly what can irritate and bother them.

Wiring

Unfortunately, every log home has a risk of fire. To avoid such incidents, you should carefully consider the electrical wiring in accordance with all standards.

The wiring must be carried out in special channels made according to the standard at the manufacturer's plant. Again, it must be installed by a knowledgeable and responsible person. There was open wiring good decision 15 years ago, but today this is absolutely not the same quality standard.

Cost of houses made of timber

It is worth recognizing that modern frame houses are often cheaper. good wooden hut Laminated timber is often expensive due to materials and finishing.

Materials artificial origin, will probably continue to push analogues out of the market. Edged timber more economical, but luxury house It is extremely problematic to make it out of it in a short time with a small team.

When trying to pay less there is always a risk of losing in quality. It is typical for Russian practice when defective timber, purchased at a low price, eventually begins to delaminate due to the fact that low-quality glue was used in it. It is strictly recommended to take materials only from trusted suppliers.

Differences in materials

Almost always, only the use of profiled timber makes it possible to quickly and efficiently adjust all elements. In addition, quite intricate structures can be made from this type of material, which is problematic when working with ordinary timber.

Glued laminated timber is ideal from the point of view of construction productivity and at the same time the least environmentally friendly: almost all impregnations that prevent rotting in it contain phenol.

Ordinary timber undergoes minimal chemical treatment, but due to the lack of grooves for fixation, the technology becomes significantly more complicated; assembling the house will take much longer. When using it, you will have to take thermal insulation much more seriously.

Trying to save on one thing when building a house from timber, it is very easy to burn out on another - all expense items are significantly interrelated.

Heating specifics

Taking into account that the house has had time to settle, and the density of the tree has returned to normal, additional monitoring of its condition is required in the first winter.

First heating season is carried out under careful control: the temperature inside should not exceed 20 degrees, otherwise deformation is possible.

The building needs to be warmed up slowly and gradually, sudden changes can provoke the appearance of cracks in the timber at an extremely inconvenient moment in time. Installation of heating systems must also take into account the specifics natural wood and its possible deformations.

This material is most preferable to choose for those who do not have much experience in construction, but have a desire to try to build a house on their own. In addition, the final cost of the final structure will be an order of magnitude lower than that of the same building plan, but built of brick. The simpler the layout and design, the less likely it is that a novice master will make gross mistakes during work.

Types of materials used and nuances of working with them

The technology of timber construction itself will depend on the type of material chosen: methods of sealing joints, the time required for shrinkage, delays for carrying out work on cladding external walls, and much more. This material may differ in the following parameters:

1. Humidity of raw materials.

Dry material is more preferable, since a building assembled from it has more short period shrinkage. Often does not exceed three months. Accordingly, everything further work will be completed earlier and the construction period of the house will be reduced.

types of wooden house foundations
ceiling on load-bearing beams

A material with a natural level of humidity should be chosen when construction deadlines are not pressing and the goal is to save money. Sometimes complete shrinkage in this case occurs only a year and a half after completion construction work.

2. Availability of a profile.

Profiled products make it easier Finishing work, since these parts fit together better. Much less cold will penetrate through the joints, and they will not be blown by the wind, due to this the need for seam sealing work can be eliminated.

Products that are not profiled are cheaper, but they will not help significantly reduce costs in the case when the building is being built not for seasonal, but for year-round use. Living in winter in a house where cold wind blows through the walls is impossible, which means it will be necessary to high-quality sealing joining seams.

window unit in a timber house
various profiles of laminated timber

3. Manufacturing technology.

Glued parts are somewhat more expensive due to the method of their processing. They are characterized by higher strength and shorter shrinkage time. When building a house from this type of material, the construction technology from timber will also change, since there will be no The final stage on façade cladding.

Solid wood parts are less susceptible to temporary corrosion, although they cannot withstand very heavy weight loads. They are an order of magnitude cheaper, but require lining after shrinkage is complete (the latter period is quite impressive - about a year).

Pairing internal and outer wall from timber
types of interfloor wooden floors

The most popular and reliable timber to the beam.

Step-by-step technology for constructing a residential building from timber

The construction technology itself from timber looks like this:

1. Building design.

On at this stage Even the most insignificant nuances must be taken into account. To reduce the cost of plumbing and plumbing, you should place rooms with plumbing as close to each other as possible. To avoid shortcomings in the ventilation or heating system, their location must also be thought out in advance.

2. Foundation.

Since the weight of this structure is not as great as when used concrete materials, then you can get by with less impressive options for constructing a foundation. After calculating the weight and examining the soil, choose a more appropriate method: laying a shallow strip foundation or driving (screwing) piles.

roof diagrams with system hanging rafters
roof schemes with a system of inclined rafters

3. First layout (crown).

First, the constructed foundation is insulated either by double coating with bitumen or by two layers of roofing felt. Then a peculiar protective layer– larch board. It will take on the main load from the weight of the house, and will also absorb excess moisture. In the future, it will be much easier to replace this particular protective layer than the whole beam. And only after this the first row of elements is laid.

4. Assembling walls from parts.

The first row is connected according to the principle of half a beam. Then the connection can be different (depending on the selected type of material). A sealant (jute) must be placed between the layers. If parts that are not dry are used, then it is necessary to strengthen the walls along their length so that they do not move during drying (using dowels).

5. Roof.

IN in this case It’s better to turn your attention to the simplest and most rigid structures, since what more complex system, the more vulnerabilities it has. A building made of such material has greater shrinkage (more than concrete and brick), so there is a higher probability of roof failure.

6. Sealing cracks.

During the shrinkage process, cracks may form in the material, which must be repaired before painting. They are filled with special putties or jute, and sealed on top with sealants.

7. Sanding and painting.

When the material dries, lint may rise on its surface and small chips may come off. Be sure to sand their entire surface before covering the walls with paints and varnishes. Thus, you can significantly reduce the consumption of wood preservatives.

Construction of buildings from of this material not such a difficult matter. The main thing is to simplify the layout as much as possible and do not complicate the design with unnecessary details. Slow and careful execution of work is the key to quality construction.

Building a house is a fairly complex procedure. However, in the case of constructing a building from timber, all stages can be completed this process on one's own. To do this, you will need to consider the rules and instructions for construction. If all standards and recommendations are observed, a strong, durable object can be built.

How to build a house from timber should be considered before starting work. This will allow you to perform all the steps correctly.

General characteristics of construction technology

The construction of a house from timber (photo presented below) is carried out using a special technology. The characteristics of the wood from which the building is constructed allow you to complete the entire procedure yourself. This does not require using special equipment. You can also cope with the work together with a small number of assistants (up to 4 people).

A variety of structures can be built from timber. It may be small country house, which is operated in summer time, or big cottage, in which people permanently live. A building no higher than 3 floors can be built from timber. At the same time, experts recommend choosing building designs that do not differ complex design. Otherwise, creating a house will be difficult. Mistakes can be made.

Timber is a more preferable building material than logs, when self-construction. He has rectangular shape. Therefore, the walls will be perfectly smooth. Finishing will be easier to do. The bars fit tightly to each other, which avoids the appearance of

Building a house from wooden beam allows you to add to the project additional elements designs. This could be a veranda or terrace. You can also provide a balcony. They will fit harmoniously into general style the buildings.

A house made of timber can look very modern and stylish. You can also create a hut from this material in ethnic style. The choice of project depends on the taste preferences of the home owners. It is easier to build one-story cottages on your own. This will significantly reduce the period of work.

Construction work can take place at any time of the year. However, in summer period it will be more expedient to do this. There are certain requirements for selection and application natural material, which is wood.

Features of the material

To build a house from timber with your own hands, use different types materials. Wood in this case can be different breeds. Timber for construction can be glued, regular or profiled. The choice depends on the characteristics of the project, as well as the construction budget. The materials presented differ in cost.

Glued laminated timber is a material assembled from boards. From these elements a building material of a certain profile is created. This is a relatively inexpensive type of timber, which today is often used in the construction of houses.

It should be said that the length of any type of timber significantly exceeds the size of its cross section. They differ in certain standardized dimensions.

An ordinary beam is a calibrated log. Its cross section can be square or rectangular. It is quite easy to build houses from such material. It is also easy to insulate such buildings.

The most modern and expensive material is a profiled beam. Its surface is polished. Its appearance resembles the surface of a lining. Such timber allows you to build the most durable buildings. In this case, pockets of rotting will not form between the structural elements. Moisture cannot penetrate between tightly fitting beams.

One of important stages construction is the creation of a project to build a house from timber. This will allow you to determine how much materials are needed to build a house.

Design

Before you start constructing a building, you need to correctly create it from timber. It is better to entrust this work to professionals. An unprepared person can make a lot of mistakes when making calculations. This will not allow the building to be operated safely.

To have an idea of ​​how a house project is drawn up, you should consider this procedure briefly. First, a specialist goes to the site where it is planned to build a cottage or dacha. Next, he determines the geodetic features of the area. In some cases, you need to evaluate how close they are The groundwater to the surface. The degree of unevenness of the terrain is also assessed.

Next, it is determined what communications are connected to the site and whether there is a possibility and need to equip, for example, a gas pipeline, centralized water supply, etc. After this, a house project is developed. The building can be one-story or consist of two floors. Low cottages are often built from timber.

Some projects provide an attic instead of the second floor. The size of window and door openings is determined. Also, additional extensions (bathhouse, garage, cellar) can be added to the plan. You can provide a spacious terrace or covered veranda.

Correct calculation of building a house from timber will create a durable building. In this case, the specialist will calculate the weight of such a building, give recommendations on the choice of the type of foundation, finishing materials, etc. This will allow you to create a strong, durable structure.

Foundation

By creating a construction plan, you can determine exactly how much timber is needed to build a house. Procurement can then be carried out in accordance with the needs of the project. When all building materials, communications and other materials have been purchased, you can begin building the house.

First, the foundation is created. It should be said that the weight of the structure will be quite large. Therefore, it is important to create a strong foundation. There are several types of home bases. If the project provides for the arrangement of a basement or cellar, a strip foundation should be created.

Before starting construction, georeconnaissance work is carried out. If the soil is silty and groundwater comes close to the surface, the foundation should be of the pile type. The piles are screwed into the soil to a great depth. This will help maintain the stability of the building. This option foundation will do for soil that freezes to great depths.

For small structures(for example, a small country house) you can opt for a slab foundation. In this case, its surface will be the basis for arranging the floor.

Building a house from wooden beams requires the creation of an appropriate foundation. Its tape varieties will be the best option for large structures. It is quite possible to create it without the use of special equipment. This is the most common type of foundation in private construction.

Preparing to create a foundation

Considering the stages of building a house made of timber, you should Special attention focus on building the foundation. The safety and durability of the future building depends on its quality. In accordance with the previously drawn up plan, markings must be applied to the site. Mark both external walls and internal partitions, which will be load-bearing.

Trenches are dug according to the created markings. Their width should be 100 mm greater than the walls of the house. The trenches must have a depth of at least 60 cm. If the level of soil freezing is even greater, they will need to be further deepened. If the house has a basement, you will need to dig a pit. For the cellar, it will be enough to dig a hole in the appropriate place.

At the bottom of the dug holes you need to create a sand cushion. A layer of gravel is poured onto it. Each of these layers must have a thickness of at least 100 mm. Sand and gravel are carefully leveled. The bottom layer will also need to be moistened and compacted. Next you need to apply concrete mixture. You can purchase ready-made formulations in specialized stores. They are simply diluted with water to the desired consistency. The concrete layer must be at least 5 cm.

When building a house from profiled timber or its other varieties, when arranging the foundation, it is necessary to create formwork before pouring concrete. To do this, you will need to prepare boards about 2.5 cm thick. Shields are made from this material. They should rise 40 cm above the trench level. Special spacers will allow the structure not to move.

The foundation must be reinforced with metal rods. Their cross-section must be at least 10 mm. They are placed lengthwise and crosswise in accordance with the configuration of the trenches. The rods at the places of turns and intersections are secured using knitting wire.

Reinforcement and formwork should not touch. Leave a gap of at least 5 cm between them.

Pouring the foundation

The technology of building a house from timber involves performing the correct procedure for pouring the foundation. After preparatory work you need to mix the concrete. Its quality must be no lower than M400. You need to mix cement with water in the proportion indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging.

Experts recommend purchasing special dry mixtures. Unlike self-prepared solutions, such materials contain special components. They increase the performance of concrete. It becomes not subject to temperature changes, is poured without the formation of voids, etc.

To mix the cement mixture, you need to use a concrete mixer. When the required consistency of the solution is obtained, it is poured into the prepared formwork using a pump. There should be no air bubbles in the concrete. To do this, it is recommended to purchase special equipment. It will make the layer homogeneous using vibration.

In the process of building a house from laminated veneer lumber or other varieties of this material, it is important to pay great attention to the creation of the foundation. Cement mixture It dries in about a month. In this case, the concrete surface must be moistened periodically. This will prevent it from cracking. The frequency of this process depends on the time of year and temperature. environment. Only when it dries properly will the concrete gain the required strength.

Construction of walls and roof

Building a house from laminated veneer lumber, as well as its profiled or regular variety, requires different labor costs. This is due to the peculiarities of its processing. If you use solid wood timber, you will need to saw it on all sides. After this, you will get a material with smooth surfaces.

Profiled timber does not need to be adjusted to size. It has grooves in its design. They are used for fastening. The timber must have normal humidity. Otherwise it will crack when drying. Glued varieties are practically not subject to shrinkage.

Processing a house made of timber after construction will not require much effort. The material is distinguished by the natural beauty of its texture. That's why additional work puttying is not required.

Once the walls are created, you can begin installing the roof. To do this you need to mount rafter system. Waterproofing and thermal insulation are laid on it. Upper layer made from special roofing materials.

The roof must have a certain level of slope that corresponds climatic conditions terrain. Depending on this indicator, finishing materials are chosen. This can be ondulin, corrugated sheets, metal tiles, slate, etc.

Windows, floors, doorways

Building a house from timber with your own hands allows you to create window and door openings the way the property owner wants. This needs to be discussed with the designer. You can select the door type. They can be sliding, arched, or regular. Windows can be panoramic or ordinary.

When installing the floor and ceiling, it is imperative to install a layer of waterproofing. This material is laid on the base before it is poured. To do this, purchase roll, penetrating, coating or poured waterproofing. The choice depends on the operating characteristics of the building.

You also need to remember to waterproof the basement, ground floor. Next, you can begin finishing the floor. The aesthetic qualities of the room depend on the choice of materials. The floor should be combined with the overall interior. Therefore, it needs to be thought out in advance.

The floor can be finished using wooden boards(parquet, parquet board), cork panels, laminate, tiles. You can also lay concrete base carpet or linoleum. Each of the listed materials differs in cost and aesthetic characteristics.

According to expert reviews, floors made of planks or laminate look best in a wooden house. For modern styles For the interior, you can choose other types of materials.

Home decoration

Building a house from profiled timber does not require additional finishing. It is beautiful, durable and reliable material. If, during the construction of a building, simple timber is used, after installing windows and doors, attention must be paid to subsequent finishing.

Wood beams can shrink over time. This process is less noticeable when using the glued variety. But if during construction they used simple beams, you need to wait until the wood is completely dry.

Finishing can be done both outside and inside the building. If a simple beam was used, you need to caulk the cracks. This will reduce Over time, it may be necessary to install a layer of thermal insulation. For this, it is recommended to use mineral wool. Insulation can also be done from inside the room. However, in this case, many nuances need to be taken into account. It is more expedient to carry out insulation from the outside.

The wood inside the house will not need to be primed, painted, or wallpaper glued to the walls. It is a beautiful natural material, the advantages of which simply need to be emphasized. To do this, the timber is properly tinted.

Bleached wood will look harmonious in rural interior. If the decor is chosen in the Provence style, you can give preference pastel colors. The ceiling should also be properly finished. You can choose the tone for the beams. This will also emphasize the indescribable atmosphere inside the wooden house.

Completion of construction

The construction of a house made of timber is completed with the arrangement of life support systems. First of all, you need to think about the type of sewerage and water supply. This system can be centralized or autonomous. The second option should be chosen if sewer and water pipes are not connected to the site.

To create a source of water, you will need to dig a well. It is better to entrust this work to specialized organizations. The sewer system may be a septic tank. Today there are many varieties of such systems. The choice of septic tank type depends on the number of people living in the house, as well as the construction budget.

After creating sewerage and water supply, electricity needs to be supplied to the house. You will need to enter into an agreement with the energy supplier for your home. After this, a cable is brought from the nearest power line pole to the house. It can be laid in the ground or stretched through the air.

If you plan to live in the house during the winter, you need to think about the heating system. The choice depends on the supply characteristics and cost of energy resources that are available for a given area. You can install convectors in the rooms or make a heated floor system.

Heating can be provided from a boiler. You can also create a stove type of space heating. Energy resources that will allow you to warm your house in winter can be solid, liquid fuel, gas, or electricity.

Also in the house you need to think about quality system ventilation. It is developed by the designer at the construction planning stage.

Having considered how to build a house from timber, you can do all the work yourself.

28.02.2016 0 Comments

Construction of houses from timber is an activity that is gaining increasing popularity not only in Russia, but also in Belarus. To achieve maximum durability, you must first familiarize yourself with the technology of building a house from timber with your own hands. Below you will see key rules and tips that will help you when performing work.

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Main features

Compared to simple logs, timber has a significant advantage - lower costs. Of course, there are other advantages, but there are some disadvantages. For example, seams between adjacent products must be treated, since they are initially poorly protected. The building can be sheathed with any comfortable material, but in the absence of such a desire, it is necessary to chamfer each beam 2x2 cm, making a preliminary calculation.

Timber can also warp from time to time as a result of shrinkage, but more expensive products have their own protection. Its essence lies in special drying, which makes it possible to avoid further shrinkage.

There is another variety on the market - laminated veneer lumber, which has improved strength characteristics. An important advantage of this building material is the stability of its geometry. Even under direct exposure to moisture, the material retains its original shape.

How to assemble?

At the timber production plant you can already purchase ready set, intended for assembling a house. After delivery to the site, you just need to assemble it using a special plan. During the installation process, metal studs are used, protected with anti-corrosion coating. They are required in order to fix the bars in certain places.

Assembly is carried out in the following sequence:

1. The foundation is created;
2. Geometry is checked;
3. Waterproofing is laid, after which the first level of timber is installed;
4. To improve the attractiveness of the building as a whole, the material is fastened using cross technology (using the appropriate tool);
5. The beams are assembled on wood dowels, and insulation is simultaneously laid between them;
6. Upon completion of the assembly, the walls are installed interfloor ceilings, which also includes beams;
7. A set of rafters is being installed. When performing this operation, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that laminated veneer lumber gives a two percent shrinkage. During construction, sliding-type fastenings can be used, with the help of which the effects of shrinkage become almost invisible;
8. Stacked roof covering with your own hands;
9. The interior space of the house is being arranged. To do this, partitions are installed, the floor and walls are insulated, and a number of other works are performed. These construction phases also include the installation of utilities;
10. If the house has a terrace, the first step is to lay the floor using an impregnated board. It must be created taking into account difficult operating conditions throughout long period time;
11. Installation of doors and windows.

Foundation Features

In itself, the technology of building a house from timber may include construction using various types foundation. The following types are available on the market:

• Columnar. This is the simplest variety. For the arrangement, you need to install asbestos-cement pipes in pre-prepared holes. The existing pillars have no connection, so this property is significant drawback. More practical solution there will be a choice of pile analogues, since here the piles are connected using a reinforced concrete slab;
• Slab. In fact, slab foundation types are a series of reinforced concrete slabs on which construction work will be carried out. Please note that to arrange such a foundation you need a large number of reinforcement and concrete;
• Tape. On this moment this is the most popular variety. The reason is simple - there are a large number of its types that boast different functionality. If a large load will be concentrated on the foundation, a foundation with identical cross section. Light houses will stand quite well on shallowly buried types of foundation. Despite the fact that their level of reliability is much lower, the cost is often half that.

Watch the video material about the features of the foundation in houses made of timber.

Features of wall construction

Under no circumstances should the assembly of walls be carried out anywhere other than on the construction site. The timber, as a rule, can be connected at the corners using one of two options - with or without a protrusion. The strapping crowns are initially laid on a pre-prepared base and then mounted in half a tree. This type fasteners must be used regardless of how subsequent rows are connected. The height of the 1st floor should be approximately 3 meters. After laying the walls to the optimal level, specialists need to make the ceiling. Only after this does it begin phased construction 2nd floor, if its presence is provided for in the relevant plans.

Note! It is prohibited to build a house made of timber on a turnkey basis! Don't repeat other people's mistakes. First, specialists need to install a log house to perform shrinkage, and only after six months it is recommended to begin finishing. Otherwise, you risk violating the correct technology for building a house from timber, since shrinkage will greatly damage the interior and exterior.

Timber: types, advantages and disadvantages

For now potential client has the opportunity to choose such types of timber as profiled or solid. We invite you to read about the positive and negative sides.

Profiled timber has a structure consisting of a profile. It, in turn, includes crown grooves or tenons in the design. Fastening elements can be created along the entire length of the beam, and after their production the surface must be sanded. After full preparation timber is delivered to building object, after which the building is assembled from the resulting building material.

Compared to other varieties, profiled timber has the following advantages:

• These houses have an increased level of resistance to deformation destruction;
• Construction takes less money;
• The technology of building a house from timber is considered extremely simple;
• Due to high precision product shape obtained by processing manufacturing enterprises, the building material becomes much more harmonious appearance. It is also worth highlighting the increase in the thermal properties of each wall as a whole;
• The surface of the walls will always be smooth, so they do not require mandatory cladding;
• The source of rot that occurs as a result of exposure to snow, condensation and rainwater is completely absent. The reason is simple - the profiles are created so that water does not get into the crown joints;
• As soon as the shrinkage of an object created from profiled timber is completed, you will not have to additionally caulk each wall;
• Guaranteed high level protection against drafts and heat loss. All because the crowns have increased level fastener density.

But there are also disadvantages:

• Since profiled timber is a flammable material, which can also be affected by adverse weather conditions;
• To increase fire retardant and bioprotective properties, treatment with special substances is required;
• Due to the presence of natural moisture levels, cracks may form during the summer season as the wood dries out. Thus, optimal solution there will be a choice of timber that has previously been dried in chambers, and in which the moisture content of the timber has been reduced to 20 percent;
• The thickness of each wall of a house made of profiled timber is not suitable for full use of the building in winter. In this situation, it will be necessary to insulate the walls of a wooden house from the outside, but in no case, not from the inside;
• After the construction of a house made of timber has been successfully completed, it will be impossible to change the size, add new rooms or redesign existing ones.

Now let's take a look at the houses from solid timber. Despite the very mediocre beauty of the appearance, the construction of this type of building has a large number of advantages:

• Since the procedure for creating this building material is relatively quick and simple, the final cost is an order of magnitude lower;
• The material is very popular - you can buy it both in a hardware store and in specialized markets. The client receives additional benefits, since transportation costs are not required. additional expenses– usually delivery is free;
• After purchasing the timber, the client receives the order within ten days, due to the simplicity of construction technologies;
• To perform construction work, the use of additional special equipment is not required.

The disadvantages of this material are the following:

• Mandatory allocation of additional financial resources for finishing. To complete the appearance of the building, additional siding is required, or clapboard can be used for this purpose. The material must be selected extremely carefully, and you need to make sure high quality its structures. If you don't do this, you may run into problems. Failure to comply with GOST requirements may result in uneven walls;
• Wood is quite easily affected by fungus. The material has a natural moisture level; it does not undergo additional drying. To reduce humidity levels, you can also use special antiseptics, but in this case you need to be prepared to spend a lot of time, as well as allocate an impressive amount of money;
• Inter-crown seams are less protected from cold air getting inside. Such buildings do not retain heat well inside;
• Possible cracking of the timber structure. Once shrinkage is complete, cracks may appear. Interior and exterior cladding can solve this problem, but again, this work additional money and time are required.

Finishing

If you think that the construction of houses made of timber will end with the installation of doorways and window frames, then you are deeply mistaken. Each instruction states that it is necessary to additionally lay the subfloor, install thermal insulation coatings. After this, the finishing is arranged, and then the finishing coating is applied. Ceilings are also required to be furnished.

Pick up external finishing the owner of the house can do it on his own. Depending on aesthetic preferences and individual tastes, the house may be left without any exterior decoration at all. But only on condition that the quality facing materials and their appearance give this opportunity. If you want a different look, you can paint the house. However, more profitable option is cladding with clapboard, siding or a number of other materials presented. This is the best variant.

In itself, building a house from timber has its own characteristics and difficulties. In this case, you need to learn how to select building materials correctly, taking into account how the house will be used, with what frequency, how many people will live, and so on. By following time-tested technologies, you are guaranteed to experience durable, comfortable and reliable structure without the active help of specialists.

For detailed analysis technologies for building a house from timber, we recommend watching three educational videos. We think they will be an excellent tool for you in the process of building a house from timber with your own hands.

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August 28, 2017
Specialization: finishing of facades, interior finishing, construction of dachas, garages. Experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. We also have experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and many other things that I don’t have time for :)

The construction of log houses from timber and logs is very different from traditional construction. Therefore, many beginners, when faced with a similar task, make a number of mistakes. To avoid them, I suggest you familiarize yourself with the main nuances and subtleties of building a house from timber.

Construction technology

Construction timber house can be divided into several stages:

Design

The process of designing a timber house is no different from drawing up a project for any other type of building. At this stage, you need to decide on the following points:

• Dimensions of the building;
• Layout;
• Type of foundation and type of roof;
• The amount of building materials.

Construction of a house with an attic will increase usable area almost doubled with minimal financial costs.

In order not to rack your brains over design, take a look ready-made projects houses and timber on our portal, and choose among them suitable option. After this, you can calculate the amount of building materials you will need by performing a few simple calculations.

After calculating the amount of materials, you can prepare an estimate and find out what the price of the future home will be.

A few words about materials

When choosing lumber, beginners usually first of all pay attention to the choice of wood type, but this is not entirely true. Thanks to modern impregnations, the type of wood has virtually no effect on operational properties timber. Therefore, first of all, you need to pay attention to the type of timber.

If, for example, you are building a house for a summer residence, you can use a regular flat beam. If the house is intended for permanent residence, it is better to use profiled timber, which ensures that there are no gaps between the crowns.

It is even better to build a house from laminated veneer lumber, since this material is less susceptible to deformation and cracking. True, its cost is also the highest.

It is not necessary to choose the best types of wood for timber construction - knots and minor cracks are quite acceptable. But rot and other serious flaws must be excluded.

One more interesting solution is the construction of a house from double timber. Its principle is to use imitation timber, which is mounted in two layers. In this case, the space between the layers is filled with insulation.

As a result, the house turns out to be as warm as a frame house, but is erected with crowns like an ordinary log house.

What base to use

Because wooden houses much lighter than, for example, brick ones, they do not need strip foundation. Therefore, if you are not going to make a cellar or basement under the house, it is more advisable to columnar foundation. If the house is being built on unstable soil or on a slope, the optimal solution is a pile-screw foundation.

The only thing, regardless of what type of foundation you will build, be sure to do horizontal waterproofing to protect walls from moisture.

Walling

Now we proceed to the main part of the construction - the construction of walls. The instructions look like this:

Illustrations	Description of actions
	Laying the crowns: A beam of 150x150 mm is laid on the foundation and joined together in half a tree or in any other way shown in the diagram; Check the angles - they should be 90 degrees; Secure the first crown to the foundation using anchors or special pins; You can immediately embed the partition beams. To do this, a tenon and groove are cut out in the parts being joined. The second and third crowns are laid according to this principle. Between the crowns, be sure to place a special thermal insulation material, due to which the joints will be “warm”.
	Installation of dowels. Additional fastening of the crowns is carried out using wooden dowels, which are installed as follows: In the third crown, holes are drilled along the diameter of the dowels in increments of one and a half to two meters, and with a depth to the middle of the first crown; Dowels are inserted into the holes. They should fit fairly easily, as shrinkage of the house will subsequently occur. If the dowels “bite” in this case, gaps may form between the rims; Then the pins are installed through the crown in a checkerboard pattern, i.e. with an offset relative to the first row of dowels. The box of the house is built using this principle.
	Cutting openings: Mark the location of the openings; Fasten the crowns of the house to the left and right of the opening with boards; Cut your own openings using a chain saw; Install a box that will fasten the crowns together; After this, you can remove the boards to temporarily fasten the crowns.

The construction of the box is completed. After this, you need to lay the floor beams. True, if the house is two-story, interfloor beams are cut in during the process of building the box.

Erection of the roof

The roof is erected according to standard scheme, without any features. If it is an attic, broken rafters are installed, which rest on racks. The latter are connected by purlins.

If attic floor will be used as residential, be sure to insulate it mineral wool. At the same time, ensure high-quality vapor barrier from the inside so that the mineral wool does not become damp.

A few words about finishing work

Walls timber houses They look attractive on their own, so they don’t need to be trimmed. It is enough just to open the wood with varnish or other protective and decorative agent.

Finishing may be necessary if you decide to insulate the house. In this case, you must wait until the house shrinks, and then finish it frame method using ventilated facade technology.

It is better not to insulate the inside of the house, as this will reduce the durability of the structure.

That's all the main nuances of building a log house.

Conclusion

Now you know how to build a house from timber, and you can cope with this task yourself. But, be sure to watch the video in this article first. If you have any questions during the construction process, write comments and I will be happy to help you.

August 28, 2017

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