Design of walls along the stairs in a private house. Beautiful stairs. Design and photos in the interior of a private house. Metal device: pros and cons

Spiral staircase

The spiral staircase has a special charm and is best combined with styles such as Empire, Art Nouveau or Rococo. The railings are made to the taste of the owner; previously, openwork ones were used, but although they look like something out of a fairy tale, they are not particularly popular in our time. The spiral version of the staircase is considered dangerous for children and pensioners, since the edge of the staircase is very narrow and there is a risk of injury. In the center of the staircase there is a support, which is a pipe made of wood or metal, and the advantage is that the installed staircase takes up a minimum of space.

As for the steps for such a staircase, it all depends on how safe they are to make them. Ideally, the central part of the step should be about 25 cm wide, while at the widest point it should not be more than 40 centimeters. If the opening is minimal, then the steps are as steep as possible, and this is not entirely convenient for older people and small children. Recently, the spiral model has not gained popularity; it is used only as an auxiliary one, for going down to the basement or accessing the roof. Sometimes this type of staircase is used to create a non-standard rise to the attic.

DIY calculations

Often, classic marching risers are used in houses. They can have any type of features, however this is where designers provide largest selection. In addition, it should be noted that such stairs are the safest and can fit perfectly into any interior. This type stairs are used in spacious homes; for calculations it is necessary to know the height of the ceilings and the length of the floor section used. Optimal angle there will be a slope of 45 degrees.

The staircase design should contain no more than 15 steps, ideally 10-11. If there are more steps, then platforms are made between them, the size of which is the same as the march. A marching staircase can be open or closed; it can also have risers or be without them.

A flight of stairs can be straight, curved or rotary. Last option takes up a small area compared to a straight staircase. It is best to install a rotating flight of stairs near a wall, and place a storage room under it.

Bolza and railings

Bolts are special fastenings that are installed along the wall. The steps of this model are bolted to the wall. This option is the most fashionable and popular, often used in modern style homes. The advantage lies in their visual lightness and airiness; they do not block access to natural light to all corners of the room. Styles where it is used: loft, minimalism, constructivism. When the steps are narrow, then for safety you need to use fences, but if the steps are safe and very wide, then you can do without a fence at all. This option will be very interesting and airy.

Railing is a static fencing of a flight of stairs that protects a person climbing from falls when descending or ascending. Also, the railings can be actively used by older people in order to lean on them during descent or ascent.

The railing consists of the following elements:

• Balusters are an element for attaching handrails. If they are load-bearing, they are used not only for aesthetics, but also for practicality.
• Handrails - attached to balusters or a wall, can be installed on one or both sides. Elderly people use them as a support for going down and going up.
• Fence Filler – As the name suggests, they fill empty space. The main purpose is decorative, but it is mandatory if there are children in the family. The height of the railing must be at least 90 centimeters.

Wooden staircase

Wooden construction is best used in houses made in the Russian hut, country or Provence style. Not only expensive oak species, but also the simplest wood can be used for stairs. Optimal materials: ash, maple, walnut and beech. Pine is distinguished by its affordability, but it is better not to use it, since it is a soft type of wood that is very sensitive to external influences.

The decoration of the staircase should harmoniously fit into the interior and design style. It is better to replace expensive wood with pear, cherry or larch; this is a more economical option, in addition, they are more moisture resistant.

Metal staircase

The main advantage of the ladder is its long service life - 30-50 years. Stainless steel is often used because it does not corrode. Chromed steel looks more interesting, but its service life is only 5 years. It is better not to use aluminum or brass at all, since these materials are soft and change their color over time.

A metal staircase is ideal for a high-tech home. It is advisable to use a bolt with this staircase, this will allow you not to visually load the space.

Concrete

This material is very reliable and durable; it is best to make straight flight stairs from concrete. As a decoration, the staircase can be combined with wood. It is best to give preference to quartzite or granite. These stairs will not create lightness, but they will look solid. Also among the advantages, in addition to durability, it is necessary to note ease of maintenance and use, low cost.

Glass

The choice of glass stairs must be approached carefully and thoroughly. The material used is laminated thick or tempered glass. However, even such materials may be subject to mechanical damage and other external factors. If there is an impact, chips may appear here, and the aesthetic charm will be lost. Glass stairs are not suitable for homes with children. Acrylic glass more durable, but it darkens quickly. In general, any glass structure is not durable.

Stairs to the second floor in a wooden house: design options in the photo

The presence of several floors in the house provides for the arrangement stairs . It is of great functional importance; it is used to ascend to and descend from other levels. This structure is an integral part of housing, which must be remembered when arranging it. Staircase design in private house is selected based on its design features, dimensions and other characteristics. It should be harmoniously combined with other elements.

A good lift should not only be of high quality and reliable, but also beautiful, organically integrated into general style housing.

Stairs in the house – required design. Especially if we're talking about about a building consisting of several floors. It helps you reach them safely and easily. In addition, the staircase is an element of the interior. When arranging your home, you need to pay special attention to it. It should fit harmoniously into the overall picture.

If your country house or apartment has a second floor, then the need to place a staircase is an obvious fact.

Type of stairs largely depends on the style in which issued housing. Classic requires the use of expensive and high-quality materials. Natural wood, decorated with interesting carvings, luxurious forging metal.

It is necessary to properly equip and design the structure so that the beauty of the staircase is in no way inferior to its practicality, reliability and safety.

If the interior made in a minimalist direction, then you should not use unnecessary details. Any design should be practically invisible. This also applies to stairs. It is appropriate to arrange it railings made of transparent material , for example, plexiglass.

Despite the fact that glass staircases have a design that is not entirely familiar to the home, today the popularity of these structures is quite high.

High-tech is characterized by the presence of modern motifs in the interior. The staircase, the railings of which are made of chrome, looks good material. Narrow boards act as steps. They are installed according to modern technologies. As a result, it seems that steps hover. It looks impressive and mesmerizing.

In Russia today, wood holds the palm among the most popular types of materials.

Staircase made of natural materials fits perfectly into eco-style. Moreover, all its elements must be exclusively wooden. The presence of carved patterns on designs suitable for ethno style. Bamboo railings will perfectly complement the formal room in Japanese style. Design rough shapes fit into the country style. Provence provides for the arrangement of white structures . You can emphasize its elegance with the help of forged or carved elements.

Wooden stairs can withstand heavy loads, but over time they do not deform and do not lose their attractiveness.

Options like this designs enough. They differ not only materials, size, but also shape, type.

The location, type of staircase and material of execution are determined at the construction stage.

When choosing the most suitable option, you need to consider many points:

• General design of the room;
• Room area;
• Ceiling height;
• Owner's preference.

The shape and structure depend on the decoration inside, the height of the ceilings, and the area of ​​the room.

If the building has two floors, then it will work well design from one or two routes. There are several types.

When arranging the staircase, you need to remember about its harmonious combination with the overall interior.

It is worth paying attention not only to the external part, but also to the space under design y. If it is properly arranged, it will have functional significance. There you can place a sofa and a coffee table. It will be a wonderful place to relax.

Spiral implementation in a light eco design.

Wooden structure: what is the main feature?

Wooden stairs occupy a leading position in popularity for many years. And this is not surprising. Similar designs have excellent strength, reliability and safety characteristics. Basically they have two routes. You can also find ladders made of one or more.

You can replace expensive tree species with larch, cherry or pear. In this case, you will receive resistance to moisture in the house.

In addition, it is worth noting the environmental friendliness wooden devices. Their aesthetic qualities are excellent. They complement any style of room well. They fit into the country trend, in which issued private housing and a fashionable loft. Their cost is low, especially when compared with metal buildings.

Models made from natural materials provide maximum comfort to the environment and are quite easy to care for.

Buildings should be made from wood hard rocks. It is appropriate to use oak, beech, pear, and pine. Price like this material not little. For those who want to save money, you can use larch.

Wooden staircase must meet certain requirements. They concern its size. The width is no less than 75 cm, the depth of the steps is 40 cm, the height is 20 cm. If necessary, these parameters can be adjusted.

It is also worth noting that its decoration should be harmoniously combined with the rest of the stylistic design.

Metal device: pros and cons

The staircase can be made from one material or several. Metal constructions often complemented by glass elements and wood. The strength of such compositions is quite good. They can serve for many years. There are no problems during operation.

Metal stairs have a long service life - up to 50 years.

The advantages of such structures indicate that they meet the requirements fire safety. You can combine many lines: smooth and straight. Intricate shapes combine harmoniously. This is a good field for designers. Allows you to create unique options stairs

Like any other material, metal has its downsides. They must be taken into account when choosing it for the manufacture of stairs. The main one is susceptibility to corrosion. To prevent damage appearance designs, material covered with a special protective layer.

It is best to use stainless steel, it is resistant to corrosion.

Different rooms - any stairs

Design of a staircase in a private house largely depends on the size premises in which it is installed. If it is small, then it is better to give preference to the screw type. It will fit well on modest square meters. Its appearance is beautiful and creates a fabulous atmosphere. Despite this, this design has its drawbacks. They are mainly related to exploitation. It is very inconvenient to lift large objects to the second floor. They are mostly square, round shape. Produced from metal and wood , sometimes glass. The design assumes a vertical position steps, attached to the stand.

The spiral can be decorated using an installation in the form of decorative threads with beads hanging along the entire height.

If we talk about convenience, then route ascents to the second floor are the most best option. That's why they are common. But they can only be installed in a spacious indoors. Since the design is bulky and requires a large area.

They are presented in the form of marches, which form about 16 steps. If a higher device is needed, it will be equipped with additional platforms. They are used to set up other marches. This version of the stairs can be open or equipped with a door, with or without risers.

Classic staircases with any features (straight, rectangular, turning) are used in homes much more often.

Do not clutter up the space stairs on rails. Steps in such structures attached directly to the wall. For this, bolts and special pins are used. Thanks to this, it looks airy and weightless. Outwardly, one gets the feeling that the structure is not reliable. But in practice it can withstand heavy loads.

Lightness, transparency and at the same time safety of the glass structure.

Main mission

Ladder - an important item in a multi-story building. It not only helps you move from one floor to another, but also becomes the main accent design. The design gives the room the royal look fills it with luxury.

Spiral type staircase made of glass and metal.

Quite often it is not she who approaches interior, and design To her. Taking into account the features of the device, the style in which it will be decorate the entire room . Depending on where it is located, the location for the furniture is selected. Railing are a decisive factor in finishing work.

Criterias of choice

Safety and ergonomics are no less important selection criteria stairs than the interior style. Since it is intended for movement, it should not pose a threat to life. The device is in home , where not only adults but also children live. Therefore, it is important to use safe for health materials. Some modern models can only be used in houses, not intended for permanent residence. Since the safety level of the structure is low.

Transitional design of a lightweight metal spiral staircase that fits perfectly into a two-level modern.

Choosing a ladder its location is taken into account. If this is the center of the hall, then the front option will do. You can install a secondary view in the back of your home.

It is worth paying attention to the thickness of the walls where the staircase elements are attached.

The wall must be large enough to support the weight structures . Otherwise, it will fail in a short time and will require repairs.

Original design

Ladder can realize the most interesting design ideas. It can be arranged in different ways. This will raise the bar for uniqueness. room design. But it is worth remembering that unusual designs may be inconvenient to use. Their safety level is low. Therefore, the pursuit of originality must be deliberate.

The screw design in Gothic mansions looks especially sophisticated.

To make a standard stairs interesting enough design her railings are not traditional way. It is also worth paying attention to the place under steps. If you lay it out with tiles with bright patterns, then the overall picture interior will be filled with positivity and will have a festive look.

Looks impressive ladder having a curved base. Its smooth shapes blend with the interior. steps it is attached to the center of the base. That's why she doesn't look like screw . It is required to have railing . Especially in cases where there are elderly people and children in the house.

With wide and safe passages, you can do without railings at all, which will make the environment even more airy.

Construction can be an excellent light source. It is enough to place the light bulbs under the steps and railings. They also look original on the niches that are arranged along the walls. This option registration stylish and modern looking.

Ladder can be a great attraction for children. In this case, it is supplemented with a slide. Children can have fun on it calmly and safely.

The construction is made to order. Therefore, it will require money.

You can often find stairs -closet. This great option its arrangement. The space under the railings is used rationally. In this place they arrange shelves on which books and accessories are located. If you close them, you can store various things.

It can become an alternative to a full-fledged pantry or mezzanine.

If the house has stairs, then it should be used to the maximum. This applies not only to its functional purpose, but also to external data. Competent design design will make the interior unique, filled with luxury. Such housing is always comfortable, the atmosphere in it is homely.

VIDEO: Staircase to the second floor - 50 ideas.

50 modern home staircase design ideas:

One-story houses are gradually losing their popularity, giving way to cottages, which are now being built in large numbers. Despite the fact that these buildings may differ not only in cost and quantity residential meters, but also according to the method of finishing the interior, there is a sign that unites them and implies the presence of several floors, and, accordingly, an interfloor staircase, which is a separate design object. The design of a staircase in a cottage depends not only on the layout of the building and its general architectural style, but also the financial capabilities of the owner. Interfloor stairs, which have undergone constructive and aesthetic evolution during their existence, are characterized by a functional and decorative purpose and in most cases become a successful decoration for the hall or hallway of a country cottage, visually expanding its space. However, an essential condition for creating a winning interior solution is the unity of texture of the finish, which is relevant for stairs, door portals, skirting boards and screen radiators. This unity means the same type of wood, the presence of a connecting decor of profiles and secondary elements and, of course, solidarity of colors. How to design a staircase and a corridor so that it becomes the unifying stylistic core of the honeymoon neighboring rooms, whose interior has nothing in common? What structural types and design options exist for stairs? Find answers to these and other questions in this article.

Staircase - a functional and aesthetic element of the interior

The concept of “cottage” in Russia is quite ambiguous and includes both small country houses on personal plot, and luxury country houses in elite cottage villages. The structural differences between the buildings, called cottages, also determine the differences between the requirements that apply to the stairs that complement the interior of these buildings. In order for the interfloor staircase to become a harmonious addition to the interior and fully realize its integrating function, its location, construction type and the material from which it will be made must be determined at the stage of construction of the cottage. Being a key element of the interior, the staircase performs two main functions, namely aesthetic and constructive. In this regard, it is around the staircase that the fundamental elements of the interior concept are concentrated, and the arrangement of furniture and the selection of the main functional areas is carried out taking into account its location. The material from which the staircase structure is made is no less important, since it is this that determines the holistic interior concept.

Important! If classical-style staircases are made mainly from precious wood or a combination of materials, then the most unexpected materials are often used to make modern staircases, including glass or chrome. Original decor and intricate lighting are also welcome.

Structural options for interfloor stairs: brief description

All staircase structures can be divided into two main types:

• Marching, the design of which is a continuous series of steps from one landing to another. Usually, two- or three-flight staircases are installed, consisting of several flights of stairs, but in case of a shortage of space, you can limit yourself to a single-flight staircase, the design feature of which is the absence of an intermediate platform. Most an effective option the marching design is swing spans, a striking example of which is the main staircase, decorated with columns, balustrades or statues;
• Spiral or spiral staircases are structures that do not require flights, since, in fact, they are a single span. The design features and shapes of these stairs open up a wider field for imagination for the master, erasing all design boundaries and “twisting” the interior around itself. Spiral staircases made of wood are in no way inferior to classic marching designs, and models made of sparkling chrome or using an extraordinary combination of stainless steel and glass will become an integral attribute of modern modernism. Stairs of this type instantly attract the eye, enlivening the interior and adding an element of lightness and weightlessness to it.

Important! Designers advise giving preference to spiral staircases if the small area of ​​the room in which the lifting structure will be located does not allow the placement of stairs with a large slope of steps that occupy a large number of free space. In most cases, spiral staircases are used to climb to the attic or basement.

The design of the spiral staircase is load-bearing pillar, around which the “ribbon” is twisted. Variations of the curls of this tape allow you to install stairs various shapes: from the traditional round shape to the original octagonal.

More details about the types of marching stairs

There are several types of marching stairs:

• Stairs on stringers (stringer is a support located under the steps), the design of which involves the presence of beams individually fixed to the base. Can be made of metal, wood or concrete. Despite the fact that outwardly they look light and airy, they can withstand significant loads.
• Stairs on bowstrings (string is a support located on the side of the steps) are also a complex structure, the steps of which are attached to the inside of the support beam;

Important! Bowstring and stringer are terms denoting the load-bearing elements of a staircase structure, the length of which corresponds to the length of the flights of stairs. In both cases, the supporting structures are located on the sides of the stairs. The only difference between them is this:

• Stairs on strings involve fastening steps between them, while the edges of the treads, located in pre-prepared grooves, are hidden;
• Stairs on stringers involve placing steps on top of the supporting structure. To install the steps, the stringer is cut out in the form of a comb.

Stairs of this type will fit well into both classic and modern interiors.

• Stairs with bolts are frameless structures, the steps of which are secured to the wall with bolts - special large bolts.

Designs of this type are no less relevant for modern cottages. Translated from German, “bolz” means “pin” or “bolt,” from which we can conclude that the name of the design already contains its fundamental differences from the previous two options. A staircase on rails requires the presence of steps that are adjacent to the wall and are fixed using invisible fasteners - heavy-duty bolts. The main advantages of such stairs are the expansion of design possibilities and the visual lightness of the structure. Reliable fastening of the steps on the rails makes it possible to refuse the use of risers that block the view, which allows you to make the staircase weightless and the interior unobtrusive.

Popular materials for making stairs

It's quite problematic to talk about options beautiful design stairs without mentioning the most popular materials for their manufacture.

Wooden stairs in the interior

One of the first places in the list of materials for the manufacture of staircase structures is occupied by wood, which has proven itself to be a reliable and durable material. The design features of wooden stairs are no different from those for stairs made of other materials.

Stairs to the second floor can include from one to three flights, but in most cases craftsmen prefer two-flight designs. Moreover, in accordance with the rules fire safety, in private houses it is prohibited to install stairs characterized by the presence of more than two flights. In this case, the steps are attached to bowstrings or stringers, which perform the function load-bearing elements. In view of this, increased demands are placed on their safety.

Depending on the number of load-bearing elements used, the following types of stairs are distinguished:

• Single-string, when one end of the steps is mounted into the wall, and the other is attached to the string;
• Double-string, when both ends of the steps are secured to strings or bowstrings;
• Without stringers, the design of which involves fastening one end of the steps to the wall, while the other end remains unsupported. In this case, it is necessary to take into account that in order to ensure reliable fastening of the steps, the wall thickness must be at least 1.5 bricks.

Important! From an aesthetic point of view, structures mounted on stringers look most advantageous. One cannot ignore the fact that in this case the strength of the structure is negatively affected by the cutouts for the steps, which are a mandatory part of such stairs. To protect the structure, experts recommend giving preference to timber with a large cross-section.

Metal stairs: advantages and disadvantages

Unlike wooden stairs, metal constructions are considered more durable. By purchasing a ready-made metal structure, you can customize it to suit your individual needs. Currently, it is difficult to find staircase structures made entirely of metal, which are gradually giving way to combined staircases. Most often, metal is combined with plastic, stone, glass or wood, which not only makes the structure lighter, but also improves its aesthetic characteristics.

Advantages of metal stairs:

• Durability and long service life;
• A variety of shapes and the ability to combine straight and curved lines;
• Democratic price.

As for the disadvantages, among them the main attention should be paid to the labor-intensive process of covering the structure with protective coatings.

In addition, an integral stage of installing a metal staircase is welding work, the implementation of which guarantees the strength and safety of the structure. Due to the specificity and labor-intensive nature of the process, its implementation should be trusted only to professionals. They will prevent damage to the aesthetic appeal of the staircase, which will be very difficult to restore. Current level of development construction technologies allows you not only to order a metal staircase with individual design, but also purchase a ready-made kit. The production time, as well as the cost of these projects, will vary and directly depend on the complexity of the design and the availability of components.

Forged stairs - an original element in the interior

One of the most original ways decoration of the staircase is artistic forging. Forged stairs, despite the peculiarities of metal, do not seem bulky; on the contrary, forged flights visually lighten the interior, making it more elegant and graceful.

Let's consider the advantages inherent in forged stairs:

• Peculiarities forged metal allow you to use it to decorate stairs of various configurations, be it spiral, round or corner structures any height and complexity;
• The appearance of decorative elements of artistic forging is quite diverse. As a rule, the complexity and massiveness of a forged ornament is determined by the area of ​​the room, its stylistic decision and other important criteria. For example, in a spacious hall and living room, in most cases, wide flights of stairs are installed, which are complemented by forged railings with complex and rich ornaments;
• Aesthetic expressiveness, characteristic of metal staircases, is achieved due to the openwork of forged railings;
• Artistic forging is a concept that includes original plant motifs, classical ornaments, floral rosettes decorated with fancy spiral curls. All this variety of forged elements is set off by the mesmerizing shine of gilding, achieved through the use of the patina technique.

Important! In small rooms, experts recommend installing spiral staircases with handrails in the form of a spiral. They do not take up much space and also contribute to the visual lightening of the interior.

Decorating a staircase in a house photo

Contrary to popular belief that forged stairs fit harmoniously only into classic interiors, as well as in interiors in the Gothic and Baroque styles,” they will become a beneficial addition to other stylistic solutions. For example, if in the Empire style you can often find forged metal structures, the details of which are characterized by symmetry, simplicity of lines and the presence of geometric inserts, then Art Nouveau, on the contrary, dictates amorphous and asymmetrical forms, expressed in original bends.

Popular high-tech can be complemented by strict marches, decorated with simple fencing and a minimal amount of decor. Within the framework of the modern style, straight models complemented by twisted rods and clamps, as well as cylinders, will look relevant.

Popular stylistic solutions for decorating stairs in a house

By analogy with other interior elements, staircases are characterized by certain stylistic solutions. Generally speaking, we can highlight the following main design directions that are used to design stairs:

• Classic style;
• Neutral style;
• Art Nouveau style;
• And finally, country music.

Classic style- this is the laconicism of elegant and restrained forms, muted tones and the original texture of natural stone. From this we can conclude that it involves the manufacture of staircases from noble wood, marble or granite.

Decorative elements such as carvings, balusters and curls must also be present.

Important! In the process of decorating walls and stairs in a classic style, it is important not to overuse the decor so as not to cross the fine line between luxury and pretentiousness. Otherwise, the aristocracy befitting the classics will be replaced by cheapness and bad taste.

In the process of decorating the room in which the staircase is constructed, it is also important to adhere to the classic direction and complement the interior with appropriate accessories:

• Forged decorative elements;
• Carpets of discreet tones with original patterns;
• Table lamps;
• Strict armchairs and a wooden or stone table;
• Heavy curtains.

Neutral style is perhaps the only one design solution, where the staircase structure can be characterized by any shape, color and material used. This is explained by the fact that the “neutral” style is recognized as the only stylistic solution where the staircase is not central object interior and gives up this role to the interior of the hall or living room, depending on where it is located. The function of the staircase in this case is to not attract unnecessary glances, creating dissonance in the room.

In view of this, flights of stairs in such rooms, as a rule, are distinguished by restrained lines and the absence of any excesses. There are also no special requirements for the choice of material: it can be either wood or metal.

Modern- ultra-modern, categorical and shocking style, within the framework of which narrower stylistic solutions are also considered:

• Minimalism;
• Art Deco;
• High tech;
• Urbanism and other design innovations.

Important! To design the environment and staircases within these modern styles, experts recommend using glass, plastic and various metals. As materials for flooring, including the steps, use clinker tiles in avant-garde colors and original neon lighting for the steps of the stairs.

For example, within the framework of a high-tech style, the most appropriate would be a large amount of chrome and nickel, which complement the staircase railings and continue in other interior details. An abundance of fittings and lighting fixtures is also welcome.

Country- a stylistic decision reflecting rural life. Distinctive Features style is naturalness and spontaneity, which are achieved through the use of a large amount of wood and textiles. The textile theme within the country style requires special attention, since it is present everywhere: on the steps, which is reflected in the form of a carpet for the entire span or overlays on the treads, and in the rest of the decoration of the room, which can be seen by finding overlapping color spots on carpets, pillows and window textiles.

The main “setter” of tone within the country style is the staircase and, in particular, the material from which it is made. Most suitable material considered alder, pine or birch natural shades, while solid oak will not be appropriate.

Important! There is another type of country style, where neatness and simplicity give way to wildness and originality, achieved through the predominance of rough stone. A rough stone floor or a straight woven rug would look equally appropriate here. bright colors. As a decorative finish flight of stairs in this case, it is recommended to choose colored ceramics for paving the steps or simple iron rods that will replace the balusters. The final touch in the country style will be pots with fresh flowers, which can be placed on the intermediate platforms of the stairs.

Decorating the space under the stairs: original ideas

The stairs in the house take up quite a lot free space However, ergonomic organization of the space under the stairs will help minimize the loss of free space.

The most common way to use the space under the stairs is to create a dressing room or closet, however, if you approach this creatively, you can find many interesting options.

• Arranging a library under the stairs will add dynamism and nobility to the interior;
• The space under the stairs is a suitable place for arranging a study;
• If desired, you can organize a relaxation area for adults or play area for children;
• If you have pets, they will appreciate your efforts if you organize an individual seating area for them under the stairs.

Staircase design video

According to a widespread legend, the idea of ​​​​creating stairs was given to people by animals. Goat paths, which had improvised steps, became the prototype of this design. The oldest staircase was found in a salt mine. It was made of wood, but retained its appearance thanks to the “preservative” effect of salt. The ancient Egyptians were the first to draw up technical requirements for stairs. Their writings speak of the skill of the architects of those times. Staircases in the interiors of Egyptian houses were rarely decorated. They were given a sacred meaning in the pyramids. Indeed, in essence, this man-made burial mound symbolized the four-way road to heaven to the god Ra. Even now, in buildings with more than one floor, stairs are indispensable. Over time, they began to be replaced with more convenient elevators, but every home still has the “outdated” option as an alternative.

This structural element provides a vertical connection between floors. Staircase design became more complex in the Middle Ages. Those on the street were decorated with carvings and climbing plants, which made them important element house exterior. Internal stairs gave more and more complex shapes, and the railings and balusters were made of metal with intricate forged patterns. Now this element emphasizes the stylistic design of the house. Let's talk about the types of stairs and the materials from which they are made.

Types and design features of stairs

Despite the large number of types and models of stairs, the basic set of each includes the same elements:

• Steps. Horizontal surfaces on which a person steps when descending/ascending.
• Bowstrings and stringers. The main supporting parts, which are usually located on the sides of the steps.
• Fencing. Represented by railings, balusters, posts and handrails along the adjacent wall.
• Beams, girders and columns. These are vertical support supports.

Based on the types of structures, stairs are divided into three main types:

• Screw. They are a twisting spiral and are installed in rooms where there is little space. Everyone has seen examples of spiral staircases in historical films, which showed climbs to the high towers of old palaces.
• Bolts. The design of such stairs uses a frame made of fastenings for each individual step and stacked racks. The main load is transferred to the ceiling and floor.
• Marching. The most common option, which uses either stringers (closed models) or bowstrings (open models).

The latter type, in turn, is classified into subtypes depending on the shape of the staircase:

• Direct. The most primitive option is when the element has no turns and takes up a lot of space.
• L-shaped or simple two-level. In them, two flights (sections of stairs) are placed relative to each other at an angle of 90 degrees.
• U-shaped. More complex design assumes the presence of two parallel flights, between which there is either an inter-tier or floor platform (span)
• Rounded or radial. The design vaguely resembles a spiral staircase, and the number of turns is not limited, but the direction of the exit from the flight must coincide with the entrance.
• Three-section. Complex model, which is a double L-shaped staircase.
• Trapezoidal. The most intricate option, which has no restrictions on the choice of angle between marches. This creative model is ideal for indoors non-standard forms, since it can be adjusted to them.

How to properly design a staircase

Not only owners need stairs country houses, but also for owners of two-story apartments. Even from the street, a small staircase usually leads into the house, which compensates for the fundamental difference between the height of the threshold and the ground level. The standard layout of the average dacha includes a kitchen and living room on the first floor and bedrooms on the second. It is most convenient to place the rise in the hallway. Building a staircase with your own hands is only half the battle; much more time will be spent on its design.

First of all, you need to familiarize yourself with generally accepted standards. So, the optimal step width is 30 cm. This value is considered ideal for the average person and does not allow him to lose his step when ascending or descending. The slope should be 45 degrees. This climb will not be too steep and not too gentle. The minimum clearance according to design standards is 2 m. However, if the owners are tall or plan to constantly drag cabinets to the second floor, then it can be increased.

The average riser height should not exceed 20 cm. Optimal width stairs is considered 1 m, but if there is free, “unowned” space, this value can be increased. It is not recommended to reduce it, since the simultaneous descent/ascent of two people along such a narrow passage will already cause difficulties. Of course, the matter will not be limited to just basic values. The project begins with layout planning and site selection. Then a detailed drawing is made, materials and style are selected.

You can come up with an individual element design yourself or use an already ready-made ideas professionals.

Choice of design and style

Each style has a number of features that do not ignore stairs. Wooden marching structures are ideal for the classical direction. They are considered the most reliable. Valuable wood species are chosen as the main material, among which oak is the leader. The fences are made of polished wooden elements soft shapes, varnished. In a rustic style, stairs made of timber with rough processing look organic. Railings and decorative elements are made from ordinary rounded logs. IN modern interiors use combined materials. For example, wooden steps are in harmony with tempered glass railings.

Wooden staircases are combined with Provence style decoration. After installation, they are painted in the traditional style for this White color. The steps are designed in more dark shades, since this part of the structure is the most easily soiled. Minimalism welcomes creative staircases in the form of “bare” steps, which are built into the wall or located between a “curtain” of the thinnest vertical supports, resembling strings. The loft style uses a luxurious combination of wood and forged metal. This technique once again emphasizes the sophistication of the direction.

The staircase can become a link between rooms that are decorated in different styles. With the help of decorative elements, this transition can be made smooth and unobtrusive. Regardless of the location and area of ​​the room, the staircase will always act as its main decoration. Due to its massiveness, this structure simply cannot be pushed into the background. Therefore the choice stylistic decision very important, especially in those country houses where a “frontal” staircase greets guests from the threshold.

Spiral staircases are ideal for destinations with a touch of romance. They are elegant and airy, easily fitting into small spaces. The main thing is not to overdo it with the number of turns, so as not to get dizzy.

Location of the stairs

Most often, stairs are installed in the hallway or hall, thereby allowing you to climb straight from the threshold to the desired floor without a long walk through extra rooms. There are also options with side corridors, similar to standard high-rise buildings, but this placement model is more suitable for large cottages with many interior spaces.

Based on their location in the room, there are only two types of stairs:

1. Central. They are installed in the middle of the room, thereby turning them into a luxurious element of the interior, which will definitely attract attention.
2. Wall-mounted. Such stairs save space and are compactly located “to the side”.

Models with bay windows look original. When decorating, they are designed in the same style and the opening becomes part of the interior composition.

Materials used

Wood remains the most popular material. Be sure to choose high-quality wood for the stairs, since the safety of the structure directly depends on this. Types of wood include:

• Pine. Budget, affordable option, which has a beautiful natural pattern. However, the pine quickly turns yellow and has short term operation, but at the same time easy to process.
• Beech. Durable but capricious material. Even after processing by special means, beech can easily warp when temperature or humidity changes. Not suitable for seasonal private houses, which the owners visit from time to time and do not maintain temperature conditions throughout the year.
• Birch. An affordable type of wood with a pleasant pattern. Easier to process than pine. Can boast for a long time operation.
• Ash. A durable material that is difficult to process due to its hardness. The texture of ash may not be to everyone's taste.
• Oak. A type of tree that has no equal among its domestic “competitors”. Strong, durable, reliable. You have to pay well for quality.

Stairs are also made of concrete, heavy-duty glass and metal. There are also combined options. Concrete stairs are distinguished by their monumentality. These are the structures that are located in multi-storey buildings. Do not be mistaken about the unsightly appearance concrete stairs. If you fill such a structure in a private house, then it can be given an original shape, and additional decor will completely eliminate the resemblance to a similar “official” element. Metal stairs are good because they can be combined with any other materials. Glass structures are considered “not for everyone”, as they are suitable only for a narrow range of modern styles, led by high-tech.

Types of railings based on material used

The railing is considered the final touch in the design of the staircase. They are classified by shape, material and design. Although their main function is protective, they are all decorative. higher value. According to the material, railings are divided into:

• Wooden;
• Metal;
• Glass;
• Polyurethane;
• Combined.

Each material has its own advantages and suits strictly certain styles.

Metal

Metal railings are made of steel, iron, aluminum, brass, bronze and cast iron. The latter material is relevant for street stairs. Stainless steel and iron are universal products that can successfully withstand both the effects of rain and frost, as well as indoor climate. Bronze and brass are difficult to maintain, so they are used only in classic styles, Where exquisite shine emphasizes the elegance of the setting. Soft, pliable aluminum is used only inside the house, but provides the opportunity to tint it in any shade at the request of the owners. Any of these materials are characterized by:

• Strength and wear resistance. Metal is not afraid of moisture or temperature changes.
• Easy to maintain (except bronze and brass). The only enemy of metal is rust. Periodic application of a layer of anti-corrosion paint will help prevent it.
• High fire safety.

According to the technology of creation, railings are divided into four types:

• Prefabricated or modular, that is, consisting of individual elements, which are connected to each other during installation at the installation site using fasteners. They are light in weight.
• Welded models are assembled tightly, which ensures the safety of the structure. Only weakness- weld seams. It will have to be treated with special care to prevent rust.
• In the casting process, structures are created by filling special molds with molten material. Cast railings are distinguished by their refined shapes.
• Forging allows you to create unique, elegant patterns and ornaments to fill the railings. Forged Products handmade are highly expensive.

Any of the above options can be easily combined with other materials. For example, forging looks organically with wood, while practical and modern model designs gravitate toward glass and polyurethane.

Made from natural wood

Wood is a material that is out of fashion and timeless. It will always remain relevant. Wooden railings will organically blend into the chalet, loft, ethnic and classic styles. The only drawback of the material is its sensitivity to moisture and temperature changes. To extend its service life, any wood needs to be impregnated special compounds. Among the species, preference is given to oak, beech and birch. In expensive apartments they use valuable exotic breeds, which will cost a pretty penny. By the way, for the railings of spiral staircases they use high-quality imitation wood made of polyvinyl chloride. His upper layer accurately repeats the unique natural pattern of the material.

Glass railings

Glass railings on a subconscious level cause a feeling of anxiety, since the material is associated with fragility and the risk of getting cuts. These fears are completely unfounded. In fact, the glass that is used for railings has nothing in common (except perhaps transparency) with the material for making dishes and bottles. It is covered with a special protective film, which in the event of a strong impact prevents fragments from falling off. A similar effect is achieved by car windows, which in the event of a collision are decorated with a mesh of cracks. The material is durable, environmentally friendly and durable. Its edges are carefully processed, eliminating the possibility of cuts.

If desired, the glass can be tinted in any color or decorated with pictures, panoramas, or matte patterns by etching the design on the surface.

Combined

The combined options are varied, but are always aimed at achieving the main goal - increasing strength. The optimal tandem is considered to be wooden railings in combination with metal posts. This combination is universal and suitable for both classic and modern styles. The trio made of glass filling looks luxurious, metal frame and wooden railings. Such splendor will not be cheap, but the aesthetic appearance of the structure is worth it.