Basement cladding. Cladding the basement of a house - finishing options with various materials. Prices for the range of plinth panels

Is the frame of the new house ready and it’s time to start decorating it?

But you haven’t fully thought through the options, or haven’t decided on the finish of the base? We are in a hurry to help you.

After all, only correctly selected materials and their combination will give the facades completeness and make them beautiful. Let's consider finishing options from various materials presented on the construction market.

The base is part outer wall, which is located at the foot of the building and encloses the underground space of the house. In some houses it is an independent element built above the foundation, in others it is a part of the foundation itself that protrudes above ground level (strip foundations). In both cases, he needs protection.

The base can be sunken, protruding, or located in the same plane as the walls of the house.

The most reliable is the one that sinks, it is easier to protect it from mechanical and atmospheric influences, there is no need to drain it. From an aesthetic point of view, a building with such a base is more attractive.

Projecting plinth arranged in houses with thin walls, for example, frame or chopped, as well as if the house has a warm underground. With such a device, it is additionally required to install a drain to remove precipitation.

It is not advisable to install the base at the same level as the wall. IN in this case waterproofing is more difficult.

But whatever the base of your house, it should be well protected by a layer of waterproofing. In terms of savings in further exploitation It is better to make buildings from reliable materials that do not require additional decorative finishing (monolithic concrete, baked brick, stone). It is enough to treat the base part of the monolith foundation with cement mortar and paint it.

How to finish the basement of a house if you want it appearance was more attractive? We suggest considering several options.

Finishing the foundation of a house with decorative plaster

Decorative plaster (however, like many facing materials) is applied to a previously prepared surface: cleaned and primed. Before applying some types of plaster, a mineral-based reinforcing mass is used.

If the base has significant unevenness and geometric deviations, as well as in cases where the plaster layer exceeds 12 mm, before applying decorative composition reinforcement mesh is attached to increase strength plaster mortar and its better adhesion to the base. The mesh can be woven, welded, wicker.

If the thickness of the plaster layer is small, you can use a fiberglass mesh. Any reinforcing mesh used prevents cracking of the plaster during further use of the house.

Damaged decorative layer It can be smooth, rough, made with jointing or using imprints for various materials. For this purpose, special rollers and stamps are used. The finishing layer of the plastered surface is often various façade paints.

Decorative finishing of the base of the house with facing materials

A wide variety of materials are used for cladding: porcelain stoneware, clinker tiles, natural facing stone, siding, corrugated sheet. The main thing is that the selected material is in harmony with the facades and roofing material.

Porcelain tiles have increased strength, frost resistance and wear resistance, as well as decorative properties.

The plinth, lined with porcelain tiles, looks great in combination with the porch, which is finished with the same material. The foundation, lined with porcelain stoneware, is more discreet.

Clinker tiles are very decorative, creates the feeling of a plinth lined with clinker bricks. But since the brick itself is a fairly expensive building material, finishing with clinker panels will save money, and the lined element will not look cheap.

In addition, with the help of such tiles you can decorate not only the base, but also part of the walls or corners of the building. Natural shades clinker tiles goes well with natural tiles and many other roofing materials.

Clinker tiles (as well as porcelain tiles) can be glued to a frost-resistant adhesive or mounted on a special frame system(when installing a ventilated facade). The second method of constructing a base more expensive than the first, but the most reliable. In addition, insulation can be installed between the frame and the wall.

Gluing the tiles is carried out according to the principle of laying any other ceramics, the only difference is that the ground level is variable around the perimeter of the building. In this connection, we calculate the number of rows (based on the width of the tiles and the thickness of the proposed seams), measure the line of the second row from the bottom, draw a horizontal line, and for convenience, install a starting auxiliary strip.

After laying the tiles, it is necessary to seal the seams with a jointing solution special for outdoor work.

Natural and artificial facing stone- Another one decorative material for finishing the basement of the building.

Natural stone is very strong and environmentally friendly, durable and beautiful. This is perhaps the most ancient building material.

Granite, marble, sandstone used in exterior and interior decoration home, speaks of the high status of the owner, since he is the most expensive material. Natural stone is laid on cement mortar.

Alternative - artificial finishing stone for those who do not see their facade with another material, and it is not possible to purchase a natural one.

Artificial stone is produced with imitation various breeds and rich color palette. Its weight is significantly lower than natural stone, which facilitates the installation process.

Plastic panels (PVC), imitating various materials (stone, brick, wood), have also become widely used in the finishing of basements and facades in general. But basement siding differs from façade composition. It is more resistant to mechanical damage.

Modern siding panels for exterior finishing can withstand both very low (-50 o C) and very high (+60 o C) temperatures, therefore they are used with great success for finishing work.

The panels are installed along guides (vertical or horizontal); the panels are joined together using grooves and ridges. On sale you can find large and small-sized elements PVC cladding.

The exterior of the house’s foundation can be finished with galvanized or polymer-coated corrugated sheets. This type finishing is economical and easy to install. The foundation will be reliably protected from external influences and will last for a long time.

All types of finishing are good, choose your option, but do not forget that the selected material should not stand out from the overall picture. Harmony can only be achieved if all materials - from the base to the roof - are combined with each other.

The technology for decorating a house with your own hands differs depending on the chosen material. In this article we will talk about the types of foundations and their features. We will also consider in detail the most popular types of materials for finishing the basement of a private house, in particular: decorative plaster, natural and artificial stone, PVC panels and, mosaic plaster and different types tiles

Therefore, when choosing materials for finishing the facade of a house, it is important to take these nuances into account:

• DIY home finishing materials:
• plastering solution;
• tile;
• panels;
• artificial and a natural stone;
• brick.

The presented materials have their own advantages, and also differ in the methods of their application and installation.

Under no circumstances should the foundation be left unfinished, since concrete is predisposed to absorb moisture, which has a destructive force when air temperature changes.

Before you begin finishing the basement of a private house, you should thoroughly clean it of dirt, level the wall, and repair chips and cracks. Next, the surface is coated with a primer for better adhesion. finishing materials with base.

Types of foundations:

Protruding. To finish the foundation of a house with your own hands, you first need to take care of the drainage. If you install it incorrectly, water will begin to collect at the junction of the base and the wall. In order to prevent such a situation, water drainage should be planned taking into account the cladding of the base.

The appearance of the foundation, finished with such tiles, is similar to walls made of clinker bricks. The advantage of tiles is that they have less weight and thickness (8 - 20 cm).

The length and width are similar to brick. You can purchase additional corners to simplify the work and make the base look beautiful.

Step-by-step instructionplinth finishes:

It's very attractive to look at, but it's not cheap either. The most popular materials for such finishing are sandstone or limestone. Marble or granite are among the most expensive natural materials. Sandstone and limestone are pre-treated with a waterproofing compound. The laying pattern is the same as for tiling. Stone glue is used to secure the elements. Seams are left between small stones, and 2 mm between large stones. If the foundation protrudes forward, it is necessary to install a cornice to drain the water.

Artificial stone is very similar to natural stone. Thanks to special additives and fillers, manufacturers obtain stone with excellent performance properties.

The technique of finishing the foundation with artificial stone is similar to laying tiles:

Polymer sand tiles are an innovative material that imitates “torn” stone and brick. It is very light in weight, which makes it possible to lay it on weak-bearing structures. Manufacturers have minimized the risk of cracks and chips in the material and increased frost and moisture resistance. Therefore, there is no need for treatment with waterproofing agents.

Finishing the plinth with resin-based tiles

The appearance of this material resembles clinker brick or sandstone. Its thickness is small, only 3 mm. Resin tiles are elastic, which allows them to be used on rounded plinths. They can also be bent at the corners of the plinth. The material is cut using scissors and is easily attached to plaster, concrete and insulation. Has a smooth and rough surface and a wide range of colors.

Installation order:

It has a granular structure. The grain size is about 3 mm. After the solution is applied to the wall, a pattern emerges that resembles a colored mosaic. The resin acts as a fixing agent.

Thanks to its qualities, the finish becomes moisture resistant. Mosaic plaster is resistant to low temperatures and external damage.

It cannot be applied to lime plaster and artificial materials. It sticks best to concrete and mineral bases(cement, gypsum).

Application order:

Finishing the foundation of a house with plastic panels

Often used for finishing small country houses and cottages. The combination of panels and siding looks very attractive.

Plastic panels are lightweight and easy to work with:

Finishing the foundation of a house with your own hands is a feasible task for anyone. The choice of materials nowadays is so wide that any idea can be turned into reality. The main thing is to follow the instructions for working with specific type material.

Before making a basement for your home, you need to consider several design options that are widely used today in country house construction. The most common types are:

1. The sinking one is the most popular and effective. This design is not afraid of exposure to precipitation. This is enough economical option, because in this case the wall is small in thickness, and there is no need to use any additional building materials. Drainage equipment is also not required, so the design looks beautiful and neat in appearance. In addition, the protrusion can be hidden using a waterproofing layer. The design of the base in this case requires minimum costs. In addition, the base can be covered with a small layer of soil, after which the area can be landscaped.
2. Sometimes it is not possible to do it yourself. For example, when a thicker structure is needed, which is dictated by the small thickness of the walls of the house or climatic features terrain. In this case, the construction of a protruding option is taken as a basis. Building a basement in this case will be a little more difficult; more building materials(concrete, brick, etc.). This current solution, if the building has external walls of small thickness, and an underground floor is also provided. The protruding plinth is wider external walls, so it will reliably protect basement from the penetration of cold air. But due to its size, the structure will be more exposed to mechanical and climatic influences, so here you need to make a high-quality waterproofing layer and drain along the entire length of the external walls with your own hands.
3. A plinth made flush with the wall is rare. It is best not to consider such a solution, because the construction of a basement of this type is fraught with many problems. For example, the cut of the waterproofing layer will remain open when exposed to weather conditions, and it will not be possible to permanently cover it with soil.

Construction materials

Of course, before building a plinth, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to the choice of materials. Besides practical side, do not forget that the exterior of the entire building will largely depend on the appearance of the lower part.

Sunken construction option.

If you choose to build a protruding plinth, then the materials for its construction must be durable and not require additional finishing (artificial or natural stone, concrete or brickwork). In most cases it is brick version will look most aesthetically pleasing.

If the walls of the house are made of brick, then for the plinth it is best to choose concrete blocks, reinforced concrete, solid brick, etc.

Do not forget that in most cases it will be necessary to install a base armored belt. The thickness of the reinforcement and its quantity are determined by the design of the future house.

Monolithic concrete structure.

If you don’t know what to make a plinth from, then you need to take into account that the material for construction must meet the following characteristics: practicality, durability, frost resistance. That is why, as mentioned above, monolithic concrete is often used as a material for the plinth, or it is laid out from brick, blocks or stone.

• Building a basement with your own hands from monolithic concrete – The best decision for a private home. It is recommended to do it immediately along the entire length of the external walls without any seams. During construction, formwork will be required, which will subsequently be filled with layers of concrete. In this case, it is best to purchase cement grade M300 or M400. In addition, it is recommended to give the structure additional strength using a reinforcement cage. If the base is wide enough, then its outer part can be covered with stone and covered with a small amount of soil.
• Concrete blocks for the plinth are not used so often. Their installation is carried out with dressing, and the blocks themselves are laid on a solution prepared in advance. There are not many standard sizes of concrete blocks on the modern market, therefore, before you make the basement of a house with your own hands, you need to take into account that there will definitely be multiple blocks, and the voids formed due to this in the future will have to be covered with cement mortar.
• If the building is on strip foundation, then it is most rational to use natural stones for the construction of the base part. Stone plinth made from any type of stones that are laid on cement mortar. It is worth noting that such work, as a rule, can only be done by professionals who can not only correctly lay artificial or natural stone, but also carry out the procedure for reinforcing the plinth in a special manner. difficult conditions work.
• made from solid brick, which has high performance by frost resistance. Traditional sand-lime brick use is not recommended because it is susceptible to moisture. If in winter the temperature in the area drops below -35, then it is recommended to lay 1.5-2 bricks.

Thermal insulation of the structure

If the basement in your house is not heated, then heat loss through the basement ceiling will be significant. Fill in bulk thermal insulation material no use here. This part of the house definitely needs high-quality thermal insulation, which can be done in a private home with your own hands. If we build a base without a high-quality thermal insulation layer, then the structure will not serve you for a long time, but will gradually begin to collapse under the influence of external forces.

Thermal insulation material laid on top of a layer of waterproofing.

Ideally, extruded polystyrene foam should be used. It is produced in the form of slabs that can be mounted with special adhesives. You can do the work yourself. The use of concrete to secure the slabs is not required.

After the polystyrene foam boards are fixed to the wall, they must be plastered over the mesh.

Much has been said about how to build a basement, but homeowners often forget about the waterproofing, which must extend above ground level. The waterproofing layer will not allow groundwater and melt moisture penetrate into the thickness of the materials of the walls and base. As a rule, in this case they use rolled materials or special bitumen mastics(or all at once).

Option for installing a waterproofing layer.

Choice waterproofing materials will depend on the capabilities and wishes of the owner, climatic conditions terrain and specifics of the construction of the basement of the building. Modern market offers many solutions, so there is plenty to choose from.

To further protect the basement from exposure to water (snow), it is recommended to install protective screen. In most cases, to create such a screen, they use asbestos cement sheets or reinforced concrete slabs.

Exterior finishing

The use of finishing materials for the plinth is not regulated in any way. Basement part should highlight the appearance of the entire house, so simply covering it with soil or bringing it flush with the wall is not the best solution.

Option for finishing with decorative plaster.

• Plaster and paint. This approach can be used when constructing a brick plinth. With the help of plaster, it will be possible to eliminate defects and provide protection against moisture penetration and temperature changes. The paint will be covered with snow in winter, so you will have to systematically touch up the surface and apply a new layer of plaster.
• Covering with a layer of concrete. This method is more effective and reliable than the first. The use of concrete is relevant for a brick or block base. The concrete layer, of course, will be constantly exposed to moisture, snow, etc., so it is necessary to make it thick enough so that you do not have to redo the whole job every year.
• Tiles and artificial stone. Materials can be used for brick or reinforced concrete monolithic structures. The use of these materials for the base is quite expensive. If you have the necessary experience, you can do the work yourself.
• Siding. Using special panels, the plinth can be given any appearance. There is no need to additionally paint the siding. The material can be used on a wooden base, as well as in any weather conditions. If the siding is covered with snow in winter, it must be systematically cleaned so that the material does not experience additional stress.

We will send the material to you by e-mail

In order for the finishing of the basement of a private house to last as long as possible, it is necessary to choose not only aesthetically attractive, but also practical materials, intended for use in damp environments. It will be better if they can withstand mechanical impacts.

The base of the building takes on a different appearance after cladding

The part of the foundation that protrudes beyond the ground usually carries not only an architectural, but also a functional load. With its help, it is possible to bring the walls of a building to a certain height, leveling and protecting them from negative impacts. The distance from the ground to the top edge should not be less than 40 cm.

The plinth can be erected using:

• monolithic reinforced concrete;
• building brick of a suitable brand;
• ready-made reinforced concrete blocks.

Metal sheets can be attached directly to horizontal purlins using self-tapping screws. Availability additional elements in the form of junction strips allows you to improve the appearance of the cladding.

Fiber cement panels for finishing the basement of private houses

The products are made from cement and wood fibers using hot pressing. External surface panels are laminated or covered with a layer protective composition. In terms of design capabilities, the panels are a promising option, as they are able to imitate other materials.

A photo of the finishing of the basement of a private house demonstrates the aesthetic capabilities of the presented products. In the production of fiber cement panels, dyes with increased resistance to ultraviolet radiation are used, so the colors do not fade even after prolonged use.

Finishing the side surfaces with decorative plaster

Not very expensive financially, but a rather labor-intensive method of facing the base is plastering. First, the surface of the structure is leveled using cement-sand mixture, after which a decorative layer is applied on top. If necessary, dried plaster is painted with moisture-resistant paints.

High-quality has the following advantages:

• resistance to temperature changes;
• immunity to ultraviolet radiation;
• increased moisture resistance;
• possibility of tinting;
• long operational period;
• efficiency.

Note! Cement, acrylic and silicone plasters are suitable for external use. As for gypsum compositions, they should only be used for work inside dry rooms.

After the walls of the house are erected, it is time to finish it, including finishing the foundation, or basement. In addition to the most obvious function - decorative - finishing the foundation wooden house or brick building performs several other important tasks.

• It protects the wall material from precipitation and wind.
• The finishing creates an additional thermal insulation layer, preventing concrete foundation cool down in winter and take heat away from the house.
• The finish protects the foundation from dirt, and many materials are much easier to clean than bare concrete.

In the article you will find a description of finishing materials for the plinth, tips on their use and photos of houses.

Finishing materials

Plaster

The easiest way is lighthouse plaster. It is called that because to ensure its even application, beacon marks are installed on the wall. Most often, lighthouse plaster is used not as a final finish, but to prepare the wall before application. decorative plaster or finishing with other materials.

Decorative plaster does not necessarily have to result in a smooth surface. Using stencils, you can apply a relief design on it, and with certain skills you can even make an imitation of stone or brick.

Siding

Finishing the foundation with siding - modern solution. This material weighs little and is sold in the most different options colors and textures and three standard sizes: 120*80 cm, 60*18 cm and 40*18 cm, easy to install. To finish the basement, they use not ordinary, but special basement siding - it is more durable due to a different composition. High-quality siding for exterior decoration can withstand high and low temperatures(from -50 to +60), does not deform, does not lose color in the sun and retains its beautiful appearance and strength for a long time.

Before installing siding in bottom part the walls are installed special starting profile. The siding is attached to special horizontal or vertical guides that are mounted on the wall. The panels are fastened together with a tongue-and-groove joint. Additional elements are installed in the corners. The finished base is closed from above special plinth. Siding does not require additional processing.

Profiled sheets and corrugated sheets

Profiled sheets and corrugated sheets are profiled a metal sheet. These varieties differ in that the profile on the profiled sheet is more rigid. Their main purpose is to serve roofing material, but due to their strength, relatively low price and durability, they are also used for other purposes, for example, finishing the foundation of a house with corrugated sheets and building fences. The corrugated sheet can be either galvanized or have polymer coating. To finish the foundation with a profiled sheet with your own hands, use a wall profiled sheet with a thickness of 0.6 mm. To cover the foundation you need corners, a profile for guides, self-tapping screws, dowel anchors, ventilation grates. First, a sheathing made of metal profile or wooden blocks. Then the corrugated sheet is cut and attached to it with self-tapping screws with a waterproof gasket.

Resin based tiles

This material can imitate any natural cladding: wood, stone, brick.

The tiles are glued to the leveled and primed surface of the foundation. To lay the tiles evenly, markings are first applied to the wall. You can glue tiles not only directly to concrete, but also to thermal insulation. Start laying the tiles from the corner, and you need to make 4 rows at once. The glue protruding from the seams seals them. After completion of the work, the foundation should be protected from precipitation for 2-3 days. During this time the glue will dry. No additional processing a finished foundation is not required.

Clinker tiles

This is an option facing bricks, made from special types clay. It has an interesting appearance due to the unique pattern of layers of clay mixed during the production process, it looks like brickwork and gives the house a touch of antiquity.

Facing brick

It's natural ceramic brick, which perfectly imitates brickwork, additionally insulates and protects the facade. Minus - it's quite heavy material. If you want to finish the foundation with brick, you need to plan this in advance, even at the stage of developing a house project, so that the wall can definitely withstand the weight of the cladding.

Fake diamond

Finishing the foundation of a house with stone is done using artificial stone made from concrete. It can imitate river, sea, hewn or natural stone, brickwork. Artificial stone for finishing the foundation of a house costs significantly less than natural stone, is durable, and resistant to temperature changes. It is easy to install: the tiles are glued to a leveled surface special glue. After the glue has dried, the seams are filled with a water-repellent agent. The photo shows the facades of houses with stone finishing.

Cement particle boards and flat slate

For getting flat surface when finishing the foundation with your own hands, they often use flat slate or cement bonded particle board(DSP). Slate contains asbestos fiber, Portland cement, and water. IN composition of the DSP- wood shavings, Portland cement, chemical mineralizer additive (aluminum sulfate, sodium and potassium silicates), water. Slate can be pressed or unpressed; unpressed slate is inferior in strength and durability. DSP is less durable than slate, but lighter, and due to the chemical mineralizer in its composition, the shavings in its composition are protected from moisture. A layer of decorative plaster or paint is usually applied to the DSP or slate.

Most often, to finish the foundation, they use not standard gray DSP, but embossed, painted or covered with stone chips. Facade slabs based on DSP have many advantages:

withstands more than 100 freeze-thaw cycles,

• lungs,
• environmentally friendly,
• provide additional sound insulation,
• the composition of the boards prevents the appearance of mold on them.
• they are easy to cut, mill, drill at home,
• easy to install on the façade using a dry method.

To mount the DSP on the foundation, you need to prepare the sheathing. It is attached to the prepared, leveled surface of the foundation. The pitch of the lathing is no more than 60 cm. The lathing can be made of wood or a metal profile; in this case, the wood must be dried and treated with an antiseptic.

Attention! DSP is a fragile material and must be protected from impacts.

IN sheet of DSP Drill holes; steel drills are used for this; tungsten carbide drills are also acceptable. Drills should be used for hard materials. For fastening, use special galvanized nails, screws or self-tapping screws with a countersunk head. The distance between them should be about 20 cm. It is not recommended to use fasteners designed for drywall.

Finishing the foundation in a wooden house

Finishing the foundation of a wooden house creates an additional heat and moisture insulating layer and increases the service life of the foundation. Typically, natural materials are used to decorate a wooden house:

• a natural stone,
• brick,
• clinker tiles,
• porcelain stoneware

Foundations wooden houses They are also finished with vinyl panels (siding).

Features of the finishing of the base in wooden house is that in this case proper waterproofing is especially important. A waterproofing layer is made on the foundation at a height of 20-30 cm from the ground. Thermal insulation is also installed. After this, you can line the foundation. Some experts recommend doing this not after the walls are completed, but as soon as the foundation is ready, so as not to damage it during the construction of the rest of the house.

Rough base protection

Before finishing the foundation of a house with your own hands, first make its rough protection. It is carried out in several stages.

• Making blind areas. The blind area is an inclined strip filled with concrete. It is made 25 cm wider than the roof extension. Before this, part of the soil is removed and a drainage cushion of crushed stone and sand is laid. Then a layer of concrete about 20 cm is poured on top. The blind area should have a slight slope from the foundation. They do along their edge expansion joints from damper tape.
• Plastering. For more convenient work A metal mesh is attached to the foundation.
• Waterproofing. It can be done as follows: coat the foundation with hot bitumen; cover with several layers of roofing felt; coat with a penetrating waterproofing compound.

After these activities, you can begin decorative cladding.

Now you can find materials for self-cladding the foundation to suit every taste and budget. But it is important not so much to choose one of many materials as to properly organize waterproofing and thermal insulation and carry out high-quality finishing work. Then the beautiful base of the building will not lose its appearance for a long time and will serve as protection for the house from external influences.