How to feed indoor hibiscus to bloom at home. Hibiscus: home care

– bright representative family malvaceae, with colorful, beautiful, exotic flowers and smooth, pointed at the ends, emerald leaves. Distributed in tropical environments. Due to its exotic beauty and unpretentiousness, it is grown everywhere as a home flower Hibiscus is also eaten, worn as decoration, and even used to make paint.

Did you know? The first mentions of hibiscus date back to the era Ancient Greece. It came to Europe in the 17th century from Asia.

Popular types of indoor hibiscus

There are about three hundred species in the world. The three most popular types indoor hibiscus are Chinese, Syrian, dissected.

Chinese

Chinese hibiscus (Chinese rose, Chinese rose, Indoor rose) – decorative, evergreen shrub, growing on the islands of the Pacific region and in Southeast Asia. There are about 500 varieties of such hibiscus.

It reaches three meters high, has dark emerald leaves with jagged edges and large (up to 16 cm at the crossbar) semi-double or simple flowers of all kinds of colors. Their color varies from crimson to pink, from fiery orange to yellow.

After the bud opens, the flower lives for about a day, although the period of flowering of the entire plant lasts from the beginning of March until the end of autumn. This is a well-known and very common species for home keeping. It is believed that it has a positive effect on the atmosphere in the room and cleanses it. The flower of this hibiscus is low maintenance.

Syrian

Syrian Hibiscus (Syrian Rose, Birch) –deciduous shrub, its homeland is considered to be Asia Minor (India, China). One of the few types of hibiscus that can grow outdoors in temperate climates.

It lives up to a hundred years, but grows slowly and blooms for the first time only after 3 or even 4 years. The flowers are similar to mallows, the leaves are green and very bright. There are many varieties of Syrian rose.

Did you know? The Syrian hibiscus is the state flower of Malaysia and the symbol of Haiti. Its ruby ​​and pink flowers are an integral part of wedding attire in some provinces of India.

dissectedpetalous

Hibiscus dissectata (Schisopetalus, Princess's Earring)–an evergreen shrub, reaching a meter in height, spread, according to various sources, from Central Africa or Brazil. Blooms from late spring to late November.

Flowers with a strongly protruding pistil are red, orange or red-orange. They have dissected curved petals with fringe. Usually they reach a width of no more than 8 cm. The leaves are shiny and green. In our climate, it can only germinate in greenhouses or a home atmosphere.

Growing indoor hibiscus at home

Hibiscus is not whimsical and will completely tolerate improper maintenance. But if you want for the hibiscus flower to bloom, then it's worth following a few simple rules for caring for it at home.

Watering and lighting

It should be watered with settled, soft, slightly warm water. Do not allow the soil to dry out or become too wet.

In spring and summer, watering must be plentiful and frequent (as soon as upper layer the soil will dry out), and in the autumn winter period It’s worth waiting a couple of days after the soil dries.

Hibiscus light-loving plant, but the light should not be scorching. Therefore, you should ensure that summer season the lighting was diffused, indirect, and in winter, additional lighting would be provided. It is better to place flowerpots of indoor Chinese roses on the east and west sides.

Temperature

Suitable temperature for hibiscus is +20° C - +25° C, at the beginning of autumn it should begin to be reduced to +16° C - +18° C, and in winter - to +14° C - +16° C. Reducing the temperature in winter not a generally necessary condition for the life of the plant, but flower buds are formed exclusively at low temperatures.

Important! Minimum permissible temperature for hibiscus – up to +10° C. At +10° C and below – the plant’s leaves begin to fall off.

Air humidity

The hibiscus flower is not picky about such indicators as humidity and in this regard, it is very easy to care for it - Spray the plant with warm water often enough. This will also prevent ticks. You should not constantly spray during the period of vigorous flowering, since when water flows onto the flower petals, their withering accelerates.

Soil for planting and growing

Hibiscus is not picky when it comes to soil. But it is best suited for soil made from equal parts of sand, humus, peat and earth, You can add small particles of charcoal. Do not use dry or unrotted cowgrass.

The soil should be light and loose to allow air to reach the roots. Loosen ground from time to time. Because the Chinese rose does not tolerate excess soil moisture well, its care should include drainage without fail.

Feeding and fertilizers

To encourage flowering, during this period you should fertilize the hibiscus with a mineral fertilizer containing nitrogen every month. Iron and copper chelate will also be useful. Can be alternated with organic fertilizer.

From time to time, fertilizing with magnesium using the leaf method is allowed. The plant also responds well to spraying with weak aqueous solutions of root bait. In winter, it is better to use phosphorus and potassium fertilizers at half the dosage. And during periods of pronounced dormancy, feeding is not given. Before you start fertilizing, be sure to water your hibiscus.

Hibiscus pruning

There are a few simple rules how to properly trim Chinese indoor rose. The first pruning should be done at the age of two years.

The best time for this is the beginning of spring and then autumn. Wait 3 days after watering, step back 5 mm from the sheet, the cut should be 45°. Do not cut more than 2/3 of the branch.

Hibiscus transplant

Replant young hibiscus every year, mature hibiscus once every couple of years. The best time is early spring. Pre-water the plant.

Important!After transplanting, water the pan for several days. This will help the roots grow better.

Reproduction of indoor hibiscus

There are 2 methods of propagation: using seeds, using cuttings.

If the first method is more convenient for you, then start in mid-winter - early spring. Soak the grains in Epin or an equivalent for 12 hours.

Take soil from peat and sand. Place under glass. Keep the temperature around +27°C. Until 2-3 leaves appear, spray the seedlings from time to time and ventilate; after that, transplant it into a regular small pot.

Indoor hibiscus or the second name Chinese rose, quite famous among all gardeners indoor flower with lush inflorescences. The hibiscus flower is respected by the islanders in Pacific Ocean. For the girls of this island, the hibiscus flower is bright decoration in the hair.

General information about Chinese rose

In Malaysia, hibiscus petals represent the commandments of Islam. And in India they believe that hibiscus protects the home from bad wishes and helps achieve success in work and helps cope with depression.

Its scientific name is Syrian hibiscus . Its native places are Asia Minor, it belongs to the mallow family. Hibiscus grows in good conditions almost three meters in height.

The trunk of the plant is smooth to the touch, the color of the bark is grayish. The leaves are quite large, trefoil-shaped.

Home hibiscus comes in only one type with large scarlet inflorescences.

Hibiscus indoor care at home

Caring for indoor hibiscus is not difficult, and if you do everything right, it will thank you for your attention with abundant flowering and active growth.

The hibiscus indoor plant is a heat-loving flower and develops well at temperatures from 19 to 23 degrees. Without maintaining the temperature, indoor hibiscus will refuse to bloom.

Chinese rose, when cared for at home, loves humidified air, which is more suitable for natural conditions. Therefore, it is better to keep the humidity for hibiscus at least 60%. Hibiscus must be constantly sprayed.

Fertilizer for indoor hibiscus

During active development, hibiscus needs a lot of nutritional supplements. For lush flowering it needs universal fertilizers with added nitrogen and potassium. You should fertilize once a week, and do it in the evening, watering the flower in advance.

When the plant stops developing clearly and slows down its growth, it is necessary to reduce the frequency of fertilizers. It should be borne in mind that there is no need to fertilize hibiscus during the dormant period and after transplantation, only after a few months.

How to replant hibiscus at home

A young growing plant requires replanting every year, and the older the plant, it will be enough to simply replant as needed or change the soil once every three years.

Replanting is necessary only if the root system has filled the entire pot. For large, bulky plants, only the top part of the soil is replaced.

Soil for replanting can be purchased universal for indoors. flowering plants, or cook it yourself. To do this, mix part garden soil, turf and a little humus and don’t forget about good drainage, it prevents rotting of the root system.

The container should not be much larger than the previous one, otherwise the plant will go to the root and refuse to bloom. For a while. When replanting, it is not necessary to knock off all the soil from the root system, only if the roots of the plant are rotting, then you need to trim them.

Some species and varieties of hibiscus are grown in gardens, information about them, planting and care in open ground, propagation and pruning can be found here.

Hibiscus from seeds at home

In hibiscus, reproduction occurs from seeds. After the bud fades, seeds form in its place. Seeds are soaked in a container with a growth stimulator for 12 hours. Afterwards they are washed with a light solution of potassium permanganate.

Next, wrap the seeds in a piece of damp cloth, place them in a plastic bag and leave in a warm place so that the seeds begin to germinate. But it is necessary to periodically moisten them slightly with water and ventilate them so that they do not rot.

When the seeds hatch, they are sown in the soil to obtain a seedling. If you do everything correctly, propagating hibiscus from seeds will be a pleasure for you.

Propagating indoor hibiscus in this way will produce flowering only in the third year. After germination and the appearance of three leaves, the seedlings are planted in pots.

In hibiscus, propagation at home also occurs using cuttings.

How to grow hibiscus from cuttings

When growing a Chinese rose at home, in February it is necessary to cut a couple of cuttings from a large adult flower and plant them in prepared moist soil, covered with an ordinary glass jar. In such conditions, the plant must be kept until it takes root, about a month to a month and a half at a temperature of about 23 degrees.

Also, cut cuttings can be left in water until roots appear, and then planted in a container with prepared soil.

Hibiscus pruning

Pruning indoor hibiscus depends on how you would like to get a lush, spreading bush or tree. In hibiscus, pruning occurs in the spring, until the plant begins to actively develop, or in the autumn after flowering.

In hibiscus, pruning creates branching. If you prune your hibiscus at the wrong time, it will not bloom. Scissors must be used to trim branches. It is necessary to cut off dry branches and woody stems that are located opposite the main branches. Trim your plant so that it fits harmoniously into your home.

Hibiscus diseases and pests

The main cause of plant diseases is dry air, insufficient watering and draft.

At elevated temperature air, the hibiscus buds begin to fall off, and if the temperature is below the set level, the buds do not appear at all.

Sometimes the plant is affected by aphids, for this it is necessary to treat chemical preparation to combat aphids.

Another pest is the spider mite, which appears from dry air. To avoid this, spray the plant on time. You can kill the mite by washing the leaves with soapy water.

Why do indoor hibiscus leaves turn yellow? — the reason why hibiscus leaves turn yellow may be excess chlorine in the water for irrigation.

Therefore, to avoid this, you should leave the water for several days. Also, due to these factors, hibiscus leaves may curl.

If the leaves begin to turn yellow, the plant must be fed with fertilizer containing magnesium.

Why doesn't hibiscus bloom? — during the formation of buds, the temperature in the room should not exceed 15 degrees, the lighting should be diffused, and watering should be reduced. Following these rules, the plant will bloom profusely.

Indoor hibiscus, or Chinese rose, is a flower that belongs to plants of the Malvaceae family. Hibiscus is native to tropical Asia. Homemade hibiscus has been one of the leading “exhibits” among ornamental plants which are grown at home. This plant is truly a favorite of amateur gardeners. Hibiscus plant - bush or small bush(at least when grown indoors). Blooms large flowers different bright colors– various shades of pink, creamy yellow, white and red. The leaves of hibiscus are elongated, shiny, dark green, reach 10 to 15 cm in length, and may be slightly corrugated.

Hibiscus blossom

Hibiscus blossom

The domestic Chinese rose blooms at home for quite a long time - usually from late spring to mid-autumn. In May, buds appear on the hibiscus, which open within a week and turn into beautiful flowers with 5 petals. Flowers can be either simple or double. Each flower blooms for only a day, but new flowers open almost every day. This is the peculiarity of hibiscus.

Caring for hibiscus at home

Lighting

In order for hibiscus to grow normally and fully at home, it is advisable to place it on an eastern or western windowsill, because With north side there may not be enough light, and it will be too hot in the south. If, however, there is no choice, and the hibiscus will grow on the south side, then shading the hibiscus in hot hours is indispensable.

Temperature

During the active growing season (from May to September), the best temperature in the room will be 22 ºC. In autumn, the temperature will need to be reduced slightly - to 16 ºC. In winter, the temperature should not fall below 12 ºC, because... Hibiscus leaves fall off under such conditions.

Beautiful hibiscus blossom

Watering homemade hibiscus

Hibiscus is watered only with soft, settled water at room temperature. If the water is cold, the hibiscus may get sick and drop its leaves. Leave the water to water the hibiscus for 24 hours. How often to water hibiscus at home? In summer and spring, hibiscus should be watered frequently, as soon as the top layer of soil in the pot dries (drying 2 cm deep is enough). In winter, water less often, let the soil dry out a little deeper.

Humidity and spraying of hibiscus

Do I need to spray hibiscus? It is not necessary to spray hibiscus, but it is advisable, because... high humidity air reduces the likelihood of pests, and this will also have a beneficial effect on the development of the hibiscus flower. Therefore, whenever possible, spray your hibiscus.

Feeding hibiscus

Fertilizers are applied once a month during the period from spring to autumn. How to feed hibiscus? It is necessary to fertilize hibiscus at home mostly with nitrogen fertilizers, while potassium and phosphorus fertilizers should be applied in half the dose specified by the manufacturer.

Pruning indoor hibiscus

There are three types of pruning of home hibiscus - rejuvenating, sanitary and formative. It is necessary to prune hibiscus only after the plant has already been replanted, so that it has time to take root in its new location. Trimmed shoots are often used to propagate hibiscus by cuttings. By pruning, you can delay flowering - you need to prune the hibiscus for the first time in May, and then in July. In this case, the hibiscus will bloom in November.

Growing Hibscus

Hibiscus transplant

For the first 3-4 years, young hibiscus is replanted every year. Adult hibiscus bushes only need to be replanted every 3 years, and they are replanted using the transshipment method, so as not to destroy the earthen lump, but only to add new fertile soil.

Soil for hibiscus

Take a pot slightly larger than it was before transplanting. Expanded clay or broken brick to ensure that excess water drains from the pot. The soil for hibiscus is made up of 4 parts turf soil, 3 parts leaf soil. They also add one part of sand and peat each to make the soil more air- and water-permeable.

Diseases and pests of indoor hibiscus

One of common problems – hibiscus sheds buds. This can happen due to a lack of nutrients in the soil, due to too low room temperature or due to drying out of the soil in the pot.

Hibiscus roots may hurt. The main reason for this is too dry indoor air. It is recommended to keep the hibiscus pot on a tray with damp expanded clay, which significantly increases the humidity around the plant.

Growing beautiful flowers hibiscus

Hibiscus doesn't bloom

A common reason for this is excess nitrogen in hibiscus fertilizers. It is necessary to reduce the amount of nitrogen and increase the proportion of potassium and phosphorus fertilizers. Also, hibiscus may not bloom if during the dormant period the temperature was too high, at the beginning of the growing season the hibiscus did not have enough moisture in the soil or the plant does not have enough light.

Pests of home hibiscus

The most common pests that inhabit home hibiscus are aphids and thrips. Other possible pests are whitefly and spider mites. Insecticides are used against these pests.

Video about growing hibiscus

Features of growing hibiscus at home

1. If the temperature in the room with home hibiscus drops below 10 ºC, then the hibiscus leaves turn yellow, after which they fall off.
2. For abundant flowering Hibiscus is pruned in March. To do this, cut off the stems of the plant and leave only two eyes on each.
3. Due to too frequent watering, the plant may drop its buds without flowering.
4. Excess shoots that weaken the plant and do not produce leaves and flowers need to be cut off.

Why fertilize the plant at all? Isn't there enough water and the substances in the soil? No, not enough! The soil tends to deplete; over time, the hibiscus will “eat” most of the necessary substances, and then it will be necessary either to doom the flower to death, or to replant it, which is not always possible, or to fertilize it.

Also, feeding can play not only a supporting role, but also a stimulating one: thanks to them, the plant will bloom better and grow taller and faster.

You need to carefully monitor how much fertilizer has been added. Feeding is not a case where “the more, the better.”

At what time should I fertilize?

Feeding for hibiscus is carried out from mid-spring (April) to early autumn (September). During this period, mineral fertilizers are used and should be added every 4 weeks. They can be replaced once a month cow dung or bird droppings diluted with water in a ratio of one to ten.

It is worth noting that hibiscus can also be fertilized in winter, but following three conditions:

1. Fertilize only when the plant is flowering;
2. feed hibiscus with a quarter dose of fertilizer in the spring and summer;
3. use phosphorus-potassium fertilizer.

Types of fertilizers: how to choose the right one?

All fertilizers for hibiscus can be divided into the following categories:

• To keep the plant alive.
• For the development of hibiscus (Whether it is flowering or accelerated growth).
• To prevent diseases/combat their consequences.

It is important to know that absolutely all fertilizers are divided into two groups, differing both in effect and dosage:

• Organic fertilizers.
• Not organic fertilizers.

You need to choose fertilizer for hibiscus depending on its needs and the desires of the gardener.

How to cook from natural products at home?

Now let’s pay attention to specific fertilizers. The following recipes are suitable for those who want to help their hibiscus during flowering, speed up its growth, or restore it after a serious illness using organic fertilizers. No chemicals, just what you can find on hand at home.

During flowering

Banana peel infusion

Banana contains a large amount of potassium as well as magnesium. These elements are very useful for flowering hibiscus; thanks to their influence, the plant will be able to bloom as many flowers as possible.

• 2 banana peels;
• 5 liters warm water.

Cooking method:

1. finely chop the banana peel;
2. to fill with water;
3. leave to infuse for 3 days;
4. If the resulting solution is too thick, dilute with water.

How to use:

• Water the hibiscus once every 2 weeks.
• Use from late spring and all summer.

Sugar

To prepare the fertilizer you will need:

• A glass of water (200ml).
• Half a teaspoon of sugar.

Cooking method: Add sugar to water and stir well.

Application: The flower is watered with this infusion twice a month.

Blood

To the list of possible fertilizers for flowering hibiscus, water that remains after defrosting can be added. raw meat, as well as the water with which this meat was washed.

Water the hibiscus with it once every 14 days. Only fresh blood water should be used, otherwise the liquid with blood may quickly go rancid.

During growth

If you want to grow not only a beautiful, but also the largest hibiscus, you should turn to the following recipes.

Succinic acid solution

Succinic acid is environmentally friendly and completely safe for environment plant growth stimulator. Thanks to its solution, you can significantly accelerate the growth of hibiscus.

To prepare the fertilizer you will need:

1. 1 glass of water (200ml);
2. 1 gram succinic acid(can be purchased at any pharmacy).

Cooking method: Add acid to water and stir until the substance is completely dissolved.

Application: spray the plant once every 3 weeks, depending on the growth of the hibiscus, increasing the concentration. The maximum magnification is 5-10 times.

Important! The solution is suitable for use for 3 days from the moment of creation.

Yeast

To prepare the fertilizer you will need:

• 10 grams of yeast;
• 1 tablespoon sugar;
• 1 liter of water.

Cooking method:

1. heat the water slightly;
2. add yeast and sugar to it;
3. leave to infuse for at least 2 hours;
4. dilute with water in a ratio of 1/5.

Application:

Water the hibiscus with a yeast solution throughout the growth period once every 2-3 weeks.

To bring the flower back to life

What if it is not the growth or flowering of a plant that is of concern, but its very existence? And in this case, you can make many solutions and infusions at home that will definitely bring the plant back to life.

succinic acid

Succinic acid can not only promote plant growth, but also save it from certain death.

To prepare the fertilizer you will need:

1. 1 tablet of succinic acid;
2. 1 liter of water.

Cooking method: For every liter of water there should be 1 tablet.

Usage: spray the roots, shoots and leaves of the affected plant or simply water it with a solution. Use 2-3 times a week until the hibiscus is completely cured.

Egg white infusion

An infusion of egg whites can no less effectively help a dying hibiscus cope with the consequences of the disease. However, you need to prepare for the fact that the infusion will not have the most pleasant smell.

To prepare the fertilizer you will need:

1. 1 egg white;
2. 1 glass of water (200ml);
3. 2 liters of water.

Cooking method:

1. mix 200 ml of water and egg white;
2. place the mixture in a dark and cool place;
3. let it brew for a week;
4. dilute the mixture with 2 liters of water.

Application: water the hibiscus with the resulting solution once a week until the plant is completely cured.

Buying a ready-made mixture

If you don’t want to make fertilizers for your hibiscus yourself, you can always buy them. But in order not to stumble and buy the first thing you come across, you need to pay attention to the following:

1. The fertilizing should not contain too much phosphorus. It is dangerous because in excess it causes chlorosis (iron stops being absorbed by the plant).
2. The same applies to nitrogen in the fertilizer. Too much nitrogen will cause hibiscus leaves to burn.
3. The ratio of substances in the fertilizer should be approximately: NPK 3:1:5.

One of suitable fertilizers(NPK 18:5:23) there will be “fertilizer for flowers Kristalon” from the Fertika company. Whether in Moscow or St. Petersburg, 20 grams of fertilizer will cost from 42 rubles without delivery.

Features of applying fertilizer when growing in open ground

Hibiscus growing in a pot needs to be fed differently from hibiscus growing in open ground. The amount and type of fertilizing should be determined by the soil. Therefore, before feeding a plant, much less planting it, you need to study the soil. If everything is in order with the soil, then hibiscus in open ground is fertilized once every 2 weeks from summer to early autumn. In autumn, potassium fertilizers are applied to the soil so that the plant can better withstand the winter.

Is it possible not to use fertilizer?

Finally, let us remind you that some fertilizing for hibiscus is necessary. And if you can do without the same growth and flowering stimulants, then without mineral fertilizing- no way. Otherwise, the plant will simply deplete the soil and then die. Caring for plants is a delicate science. But if you manage to keep your hibiscus always “well-fed”, then it will delight you with flowering for many years. Isn't this payment for all the care provided?

Hibiscus care. Hibiscus has become one of the most popular and spectacular plants; it is grown both in administrative institutions and in residential buildings and apartments. A hibiscus bush lives for twenty years or more and is easy to care for. The tree-like forms of this plant are the most popular for indoor cultivation. Where to place it. Hibiscus plants are widely used for landscaping different types interiors both in single use and in container compositions and winter gardens.

But it cannot be particularly recommended for rooms due to its spreading growth, although this does not bother true lovers of this plant at all; moreover, hibiscus lends itself well to shaping - its tree-like varieties can also be grown as a standard tree. IN room conditions the height of an erect stem on average can reach 1.5 m. The maximum dimensions in culture are up to 4.5 m in height. Hibiscus can be placed on the floor or on window sills in spacious bright rooms, halls, winter gardens. This is an unpretentious, fairly shade-tolerant indoor plant. But he prefers sunny place position protected from direct sun rays. Hibiscus should be planted as close to light as possible. In summer you can take it out onto the balcony or veranda.

Important
During budding and flowering, the hibiscus is not rearranged, moved or turned, as this will cause the buds or flowers to fall off. This plant may react to a change of location with a sudden change in lighting or humidity by dropping foliage and flowers.

Temperature. The plant is unpretentious, but hibiscus does not tolerate sudden fluctuations in air temperature and drafts. Temperature The plant content should be moderate: 20-25 °C. In winter, hibiscus prefers cooler conditions: 12-18 °C, but not lower than 10 °C.

Watering. During the active growing season (spring-summer), hibiscus is watered big amount soft warm water - regularly and plentifully, not allowing the roots to dry out, ensuring that the earthen clod is completely soaked. The next watering is done only after the top layer of soil has dried. It is recommended to occasionally loosen the top layer of soil, about an hour after watering.Do not water hibiscus with cold water ! By the dormant period, watering is gradually reduced. IN winter time The plant is watered moderately. “Excess” water after watering is immediately removed from the pan. Overwatering can cause root rot and plant death.

Hydration. Hibiscus requires moderate or higher humidity. The plant requires periodic spraying of the leaves, especially in hot summer weather. In winter, when the air in the room is too dry, such spraying should be carried out regularly. Constant spraying also prevents aphids from settling on hibiscus leaves. Periodically, the hibiscus is given a “shower,” which washes away dust from the leaves and also protects the plant from pests.

Feeding. Hibiscus - flower-“ glutton”, you need to feed it little by little, but often - completely mineral fertilizer, alternating it with organic liquid mullein (1 part infusion to 10 parts water). To ensure abundant flowering, fertilizing with phosphorus salts is required. But you should not use excessive phosphates. An overdose threatens growth inhibition. If you overdo it with nitrate fertilizers, then foliage grows to the detriment of flowering. In early spring, it is useful to use potassium-phosphorus mixtures. Hibiscus is fed with special complex fertilizers for flowering indoor plants, you can use “Rainbow”, “Ideal”, etc. Experiment to find out what your hibiscus likes best.

Hibiscus feeding is carried out from the beginning of the growing season - from April to August. How often should I feed hibiscus? Recommendations on this matter are very different: once a week, once every 2 weeks, once every 2-3 weeks. You will have to decide this yourself, experimentally. Remember that fertilizing is permissible only if the plants are clearly actively growing - that is, in spring and summer. In winter, feeding is stopped, although some experts still recommend feeding the plant once a month only with phosphorus and potassium in half the dose. Naturally, all fertilizers can be given only after abundant watering with clean water.

Trimming. Hibiscus needs pruning. Pruning hibiscus promotes the appearance of a mass of young flowering shoots and speeds up the onset of flowering. It is better to do this in the spring, before replanting the plant. Trim off all elongated, lost leaves or dried shoots. Healthy shoots are shortened by half or 1/3 of the length.

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Without pruning, large spreading branches grow, taking up a lot of space in the room. The transplanted and pruned plant soon produces strong shoots, which are pruned again in July. With this care, flowers appear even in October and November, a time when other indoor plants do not bloom, which is especially pleasant.

In the spring, before the start of active plant growth, it is also very useful to pinch all shoots, including young ones. Both pruning and pinching of shoots should be done according to a specific plan, trying to give a certain form crown of the plant. At the same time, one should not feel sorry for sick, defective shoots. Be sure to remove “tops”, i.e. shoots growing parallel to the main trunk and creating competition for it. Excess branches should also be removed decisively, especially those growing inside the crown and excessively thickening it.

Crown formation. The appearance of hibiscus can be modeled to your liking. Look especially impressive tree hibiscus shaped like a standard tree. To do this, you must constantly remove side shoots until the flower reaches the desired height. Then you should cut off the top and allow 5-6 side shoots to develop, which will create the crown of the tree.

Reproduction. This plant reproduces in different ways: by seeds, by layering, by grafting, and by dividing bushes (herbaceous forms)... But the most common propagation of hibiscus in indoor propagation is by rooting green stem cuttings or stem cuttings of annual semi-ripe, semi-lignified shoots. You can take cuttings all year round, but it is more advisable to do this in spring and summer. A particularly good time is in the spring, before active plant growth begins. At this time, the hibiscus is pruned. Cut cuttings 7.5-10 cm long (with 2-3 internodes) can be used for propagation: they are rooted in water or soil. Optimal temperature rooting: 20-21 °C. It is advisable to treat the cuttings with charcoal and phytohormones to stimulate root formation (see monstera propagation). In principle, hibiscus is unpretentious, it takes root easily in the ground, in peat, in sand, and in expanded clay, but it takes root especially well in a damp mixture of peat and sand, covered with a mini-greenhouse - a glass jar or a transparent, cut-off plastic bottle. To better root the cuttings and reduce moisture evaporation from the leaf surface, each leaf blade is cut in half. Rooted plants bloom within a year.

Selection of pot. Pots for hibiscus are preferably spacious. In suitable conditions, this flower can grow amazingly quickly and, having turned into a very large floor plant, can create problems for its owners. This should be taken into account when choosing a pot and when replanting hibiscus. It has also been noticed that in a cramped container all plants slow down their growth, but bloom much more actively.

Lighting. Hibiscus is very unpretentious to living conditions. Plants located on well-lit windows are the ones that bloom most profusely and for the longest time. The best place for hibiscus - on an east or west window. On the south window, shading will be needed during the hottest hours of the day. In a bright place, already in March, the first buds begin to appear on the hibiscus, and successive flowers decorate the crown of leaves until late autumn. Even a little direct sunlight is allowed, but the flower should still be shaded from the summer midday sun.

Hibiscus is shade-tolerant, for skilled lovers indoor floriculture if all other requirements are met, it is possible to achieve flowering on northern windows, although not as abundant and long-lasting - with a lack of light, the plant develops worse and blooms little. In summer, it is useful to take hibiscus out into the garden, onto a balcony or terrace, gradually accustoming it to the sun, but protecting from being too hot, as well as from rain and wind.

Transfer. Hibiscus should be replanted before flowering, in March-April. Young plants - annually, in a slightly larger pot; adults - once every 2-3 years, as necessary. If the plant has reached a large size, replanting it becomes difficult, therefore, for hibiscus growing in large pots, it is recommended to simply annually replace only the top layer of soil with a nutritious earthen mixture. Simultaneously with replanting, the plant is also pruned, thereby stimulating the appearance of a large number of young side shoots, on which flowers are formed. By pruning, as mentioned above, you can also form a hibiscus crown in the form beautiful bush or a standard low-growing tree. The cuttings obtained by pruning can be rooted. A month after transplantation, you need to make the first fertilizing, and then do them regularly throughout the summer.

soil mixture. Hibiscus needs nutritious soil and does not tolerate a calcareous substrate. To grow hibiscus, you can use the following soil mixtures:

* turf land, leaf soil, humus, sand (4:2:4:1);

* turf and humus soil, peat (2:1:1) with the addition of bone meal and sand (1/4);

* turf, leaf soil, humus, peat, sand (1:1:1:1:1);

* 2 parts clay-turf and 1 part humus soil and sand;

* 1 part turf, 1 part leaf soil, 1 part peat soil, 1 part sand.

* humus, turf, peat land, sand in the proportion (1:2:1:1) with the addition of pieces of charcoal;

* mixture of two parts fertile garden land, one part peat and one part sand;

* turf, leaf soil, humus and peat (3:1:2:1), with the addition of sand and bone meal;

* 2 parts turf, 1 part humus and 1 part leaf soil and a little horn shavings.

Large tub specimens are given heavier soil. Hibiscus also grows well in clean peat.

Specific Requirements- it is advisable to add horn shavings to the substrate (15 g/kg of mixture).

The earthen clod should not be allowed to dry out, especially in the heat. Hibiscus needs good drainage. Mulching helps maintain required level soil moisture in summer.

Rest period. Hibiscus has a dormant period (October-February), for which it is gradually prepared: stop feeding, reduce watering. Then the plant is transferred to a cool room with a temperature of 12-18 ° C. This temperature promotes the formation of flower buds. In winter, the plant should not be placed next to working plants. heating devices. At high winter temperature and lack of lighting, leaves may fall. Watering is moderate.

Bloom. Hibiscus with its bright funnel-shaped, bell-shaped flowers various shades, ranging from yellowish-white and soft pink to bright fiery red and violet-purple, stand out as a bright spot in the dense crown of leaves, are very popular among gardeners for their abundant, long-lasting flowering. Charming single flowers - simple, semi-double or double - can reach a diameter of 16 cm ( hybrid forms- and up to 27cm!). Exotic look They give hibiscus flowers numerous threads of golden stamens, fused into a long tube extending far from the petals. Hibiscus has a long flowering period: from April to October. Luxurious flowers This plant has only one drawback - within a day after its appearance, it withers. But they are being replaced by more and more new ones. True, this only happens in skillful hands.

Hibiscus is rightfully considered one of the hardiest indoor plants. Very often they can be seen living in seemingly completely unbearable conditions. They withstand cold, drafts, and the darkness of various halls and lobbies. They also tolerate mistakes when watering. But it is very rare to find specimens that demonstrate all the beauty of this species. Of course, their owners are to blame for this. In order for hibiscus to fully bloom, it needs:

1. Provide a sufficiently bright place. It is especially important to comply with this condition in winter.

2. Regular application of nitrogen mineral fertilizers.

3. Annual formative pruning to ensure abundant flowering.

The fact is that in hibiscus only young shoots bloom, which appear from dormant buds in the axils of the leaves. Removing the tips of the shoots creates conditions for the active growth of side shoots and their subsequent flowering.

With this care, flowers appear regularly, even in late autumn - that is, in a time poor in flowers, when they are doubly pleasant to us.

Hibicus does not like to change its place of residence. You can move it (even from one room to another) only during the period when it is not blooming, otherwise, as mentioned above, the buds will fall off. By the way, the health of the plant is judged by their number. If the flowers open one after another, it means the care is correct and no additional nutrients are required. But if even in the warm season the appearance of flowers is very rare, then most likely the plant lacks moisture and fertilizer.

Possible problems and pests

Growing problems

The buds are falling. The most likely reason is drying out of the soil. Other causes may be lack of nutrients or overwatering. A sudden change in temperature, a change in living conditions, or overdrying of the substrate also lead to the fall of the buds. At unfavorable conditions and a sharp change in maintenance conditions, the hibiscus can completely shed not only its buds, but also its yellowed leaves, taking on a depressingly “naked” appearance, but soon new leaves will appear on it.

Leaves are falling. Sometimes, due to the dry air of city apartments, hibiscus leaves turn yellow and fall off. This is usually observed in large plants, the leaves and inflorescences of which require additional spraying. Another most likely reason is drying out of the soil. Other reasons may be drafts and waterlogging.

Leaves wrinkle. The reason for this may be too dry air when kept in a warm room in winter, with a temperature above 15 ° C. Spray the leaves often.

Root rot. This is a serious disease in which the leaves of the plant turn yellow and wither, then quickly darken and the plant dies. Reason - fungal disease roots due to waterlogging of the soil. The plant can be saved only with early diagnosis of the disease, using methods of surgical treatment of root rot.

Treatment. This is possible if all or most of the roots are white and elastic. Remove the plant from the pot for 2-3 days. Trim off any darkened roots, as well as any stems or leaves that show signs of rot. Place the plant back in the pot and water it with carbendazim solution. If there are few white and elastic roots, then the treatment may not give a positive result, but most plants at this stage of the disease can be saved. Free the plant's roots from the soil by holding it under running tap water. Place the plant on the table and trim sharp knife all darkened soft roots. Trim off any stems and leaves that show signs of rot, as well as the tops of stems to compensate for lost roots. Carefully replant into a new pot and fresh soil. Spray with carbendazim solution. Place the pot in a bright place out of direct sunlight. Do not water until new growth appears, then water carefully, being careful not to let the soil become waterlogged. If healthy roots no, the plant cannot be saved.

Hibiscus pests. Whitefly. These small flying insects look a little like miniature white moths, swarming over a disturbed plant. The length of the whitefly is about 1 mm, the body is yellowish, two pairs of wings are covered with a white powdery waxy coating. The whitefly is a relative of scale insects. Its larvae are pale yellow with orange-red eyes and covered with short hairs. Females lay eggs in groups, often in the form of a ring of 10-20 eggs per inside young leaves. The average fertility of one female is 130 eggs, but can reach up to 280 eggs. Insects live in groups. Greenish larvae settle on the underside of leaves, suck out cell sap and leave a sugary secretion. The whitefly sucks juice from leaves, cuttings, and less often from stems; as a result, the leaves become discolored, faintly visible whitish or yellowish spots appear on them, the affected leaves turn yellow, curl and fall off. A sooty fungus settles on the sugary secretions of the whitefly, as a result of which photosynthesis is disrupted and the plants are further weakened. Prevention and control measures. Warm, dry air promotes the spread of this pest. Inspect the plant regularly. Getting rid of whiteflies is quite difficult. Sometimes this takes more than one week, since the insects partially fly away when touched or sprayed. Whiteflies are doubly dangerous because they fly. Therefore, take preventative measures for other plants in the house that may not yet be affected by spraying them with an insecticide.

Regularly wash off whitefly eggs and larvae from the leaves. Remove affected leaves. The number of adult insects can be reduced by hanging sticky tape, usually used for flies, near the plants. In addition, spray the plant leaves regularly with systemic insecticides. You may need to try several medications. Actellik, fufanon, intavir, decis, karbofos are usually used against whiteflies. From biological methods use microbiological preparations (bacterial, fungal): verticillin. Pyrethroids such as cypermethrin, talstar, arrivo, fury are effective.

You can also use ichneumon beetles, which will die after the whitefly is destroyed, because they will have nothing to eat.

Spraying the underside of the leaves with a solution of green soap (10-15 g/l) 3-5 times with an interval of 6-7 days also helps. Or an aqueous solution of nicotine sulfate (2-3 cm3/l) or parathion (0.5-1 cm3/l).

Aphid. Aphids - quite often infect hibiscus. Colonies of aphids inhabit all parts of the plant; they damage leaves on the underside, buds, and tops of shoots. The affected plant looks as if it has dandruff and the flowers are deformed. Damaged parts become discolored, leaves curl, turn yellow and fall off. The plant is severely inhibited and stops normal development. The buds do not open, the flowers become contaminated with sticky secretions. Aphids are especially dangerous in the spring, attacking the tips of young shoots.

The main danger is the transmission of viral diseases by aphids and weakening of the plant, which can become more vulnerable to fungal infections - a “honey” coating appears on the leaves, in which mold fungi then settle, and the coating becomes blackish.

Aphids are sedentary insects ranging in size from 1 to 5 mm, oblong-ovoid in shape, with soft outer integuments. Body color is different different types aphids - from yellow-green to black. There are about 30 species. Houseplants are affected various types aphids, which can not only be green, but depending on the species have a different color. The most common greenhouse aphid is yellowish-green in color with long legs and antennae. Aphids reproduce quite quickly, forming colonies that cover an increasingly larger territory. In aphid colonies, larvae, adult wingless and winged individuals (the so-called disperser females) simultaneously occur, providing settlement - they often fly into open windows. In indoor conditions, aphids can cause harm all year round.

Most aphid species reproduce quickly. The development of one generation in indoor conditions ends within 20 days. The fertility of one female is up to 100 larvae.

Control measures. Aphids are unpleasant, but in principle easily eradicated pests. First of all, these rather large pests must be mechanically removed from the affected parts; severely affected leaves or shoots are removed. Then rinse the plants soapy water to wash away most of the pests. After this, they are treated with infusion of tobacco, wormwood or other poisonous plants. In addition, aphids are sensitive to most poisons that are used to protect plants from insects. It is best to use intavir, talstar, arrivo, fury, cypermethrin, karate, "Fas", derris, fitoverm, decis, actellik, kinmiks, sumi-alpha, etc. Karbofos (10% concentrate) is also very effective - 7.5 -10 g per 1 liter of water. Among the biological methods, microbiological preparations (bacterial, fungal) are used: mycoafidin.

Follow the rule: before purchasing the drug, read the instructions. Carry out the treatment either early in the morning or postpone until the evening. Be sure to water the plant before treating. It is also recommended to rinse the plant. The treatment should be repeated 2-3 times with a break of 5-7 days.

Question answer

How to help hibiscus. There are buds on the plant, but they do not open, but simply fall off over time. The flower began to grow poorly, there are few leaves on it.

Hibiscus loves a bright, sunny and warm location; in summer it can be placed in the garden or on the balcony in an appropriate place (accustom to the sun gradually) until autumn, protecting it from scorching rays in very hot weather. Hibiscus needs good feeding: from spring to mid-August once a week, the rest of the year once a month. Spraying is necessary, especially when operating heating devices.

Hibiscus buds may fall off for the following reasons:

When changing location;

With a lack of light;

In case of insufficient feeding;

If the root ball is dry, do not allow the soil to dry out;

When watering with cold water;

With excessive watering. Pour it out excess water from the pallet.

Too long shoots with few leaves are pruned to stimulate branching.

Does hibiscus need special care? It stands on the windowsill along with all the flowers and does not have care privileges. But recently the leaves have begun to turn yellow and wither. What is this?

In hot weather, hibiscus suffers from the hot sun - remove it from the windowsill in a bright place without direct sunlight, you can take it out into the fresh air on the balcony or in the garden. Hibiscus is shade-tolerant, loves spraying in the summer and periodic “showers” ​​to wash away dust from the leaves. This "shower" is very useful for those species indoor flowers who love spraying: it washes away dust from plants and gives them the opportunity to fully “breathe” (especially important on hot days), and is also good as a means of prevention and pest control. But it is advisable to cover the soil in the pot with cellophane during the “shower”: tap water that has not stood for at least a day is harmful to the plants, and pests washed away by the “shower” can get onto the soil. Water the plants moderately after the “shower”; the soil should be moist, but not wet, so that there is no stagnation of moisture in the pots. How often to give your plants a “shower” will be determined by temperature and other conditions.

Hibiscus can be affected by pests; carefully examine the underside of the leaves and young shoots. Remove yellow leaves. If your hibiscus is affected by spider mites, read about pest control measures.

After a couple of days, almost all the leaves of the donated hibiscus turned yellow. What's happening to him? How to deal with this? How often does it need to be watered? Hibiscus reacts very painfully to a sharp change in living conditions (for example: from the shade suddenly exposed to the sun; after the earthen clod dries out - excessive watering) by dropping buds, yellowing and loss of leaves. Provide hibiscus optimal conditions contents and carry out a series of spraying of hibiscus with Epin solution.

Light green spots first appear on hibiscus leaves, which then turn white. In these places the leaves seem to become thinner. At the same time, they continue to grow, but throughout the summer the flower never bloomed. What to do? How to help hibiscus?

Spots on hibiscus leaves can appear due to errors in care (for example: a plant constantly growing in the shade is suddenly exposed to the sun - it receives a temperature shock and burns occur on the leaves; the plant is sprinkled with water on a sunny day, and the droplets act on the leaves like small lenses ; for watering the hibiscus, too warm or cold water) or indicate the presence of infection.

If errors in caring for the plant are excluded, then light spots on the leaves of the hibiscus may be a manifestation of a fungal infection - remove the diseased leaves and treat the hibiscus with a milk solution. In addition, before each watering of the hibiscus, lightly bury several peeled cloves of garlic into the soil, and when the top layer dries out while loosening the soil, remove them and replace them with fresh ones. Soon after treatment with the milk solution, give the hibiscus a “shower” and spray the leaves with the Epin solution.

Why doesn't the Chinese rose (hibiscus) bloom? It bloomed once in its life and for 5 years now there hasn’t been a single flower. The greenery on the plant is lush. Maybe she's missing something?

Hibiscus blooms profusely when the following conditions are met: :

A bright sunny place (but without very hot sunlight - burns on the leaves are possible);

In summer, it is advisable to keep hibiscus in the fresh air;

In summer, abundant watering, in winter - moderate; spraying and maintaining high air humidity;

Coolness in winter (temperature of 15 degrees promotes the formation of flower buds);

Annual replanting of hibiscus in the spring into nutritious soil (humus, turf, peat soil, sand in a ratio of 1:2:1:1);

Spring pruning of hibiscus (shortly before or shortly after transplantation) for the formation of new flowering shoots (too long shoots can be pruned strongly, up to 2/3 of the length; medium and short shoots can be pruned less, and the resulting cuttings can be rooted);

In spring and summer, fertilize hibiscus weekly, in autumn and winter - once a month (alternating mineral and organic fertilizers).

There are red hibiscus, large, double flowers, and pink hibiscus, large, but not double flowers. How to make pink hibiscus flowers also double. Maybe cross them?

How wonderful it would be if it were so easy to get a plant with the desired flower!

To breed a flower with given characteristics (among them a certain color and the degree of terryness of the flower), breeders spend many years of hard work and use special methods for this in their work (this is a whole science!). The degree of terryness of a hibiscus flower is a feature of the variety that is not transmitted through seed propagation.

In this case, the simplest and fastest solution is to purchase a cutting of a double pink hibiscus or an already rooted plant.

What's going on with the hibiscus? In October, the leaves began to turn yellow and fall off: first the largest and oldest ones, and now the young leaves and unopened buds. At the same time, the growth and appearance of young leaves continues. Upon careful examination of the leaves, darkish spots were discovered on the back side, and then in these places the leaves began to turn yellow.

From sudden changes in temperature and drafts, from hypothermia, from excessive watering in autumn and winter, hibiscus develops a fungal infection; for the same reasons, as well as from lack of light, dryness of the root ball and change of location, the hibiscus sheds buds and flower buds. When the air in the room is dry from heating radiators, pests (aphids, felt insects, spider mites) appear on hibiscus leaves.

If no pests are found on the hibiscus and there have been no errors in care, spray the hibiscus against fungal infection with a suspension of foundationazole (2 g per liter of water) after removing defective leaves from the plant.

The leaves of the hibiscus began to darken at the edges and fall off without drying out... I carefully study the affected plants, no pests were found, spraying with insecticides just in case did not help. The flowers did not dry out or flood, there was enough light, and they were not standing in a draft. The hibiscus is already completely bare, even the tips of the branches have begun to turn black. What could be the problem?

This problem occurs in the fall, when the heating is turned on and a “killer set” of factors unfavorable for plants is formed: heat air in combination with its low humidity and, by inertia, watering usual for summer, although now the plants need much less soil moisture. As a result of the confluence of these unfavorable factors appear on the leaves brown spots, there is rot on the roots, as a result the leaves fall off.

Provide the plant with cool conditions in late autumn and winter. high humidity air and limited watering. Remove diseased parts of plants and water the substrate with foundationazole (2 g per liter of water).

Until the plants recover, regularly spray the remaining above-ground part with water with the addition of Epin.