How to remove iron from water. Purifying water from iron: a real necessity or an invention of marketers? Iron in surface waters
You can often observe the following picture: clean, clear water comes out of the tap, but after standing for a while, it becomes cloudy and takes on the color of rust. This indicates that it contains a large amount of iron impurities. Purifying well water from iron will relieve you of this problem, make the liquid safer to drink and increase the service life of your plumbing fixtures. This article presents a number of different iron removal methods, which depend on different criteria.
High iron content is harmful to health and has a detrimental effect on plumbing
There are four main types of iron compounds in water, each of which has its own characteristic features and differences:
- Elemental Fe 0 . When it enters a liquid medium, it turns into ferric iron, which means the process of rust formation begins. It is because of this type of iron that water often has a brown, cloudy color when standing.
- Divalent Fe 2. This type almost always immediately dissolves in water, and no visible signs of its content can be seen.
- Trivalent Fe3. This form of iron is most often found in the form of various compounds, and therefore precipitates.
- Organic iron impurities. Usually present in water in the form of various constituent chemical elements, including colloidal and bacterial.
Helpful information! As a rule, several types of iron are found in water at once, which must be taken into account when purifying water from a well from its impurities.
Signs of the presence of iron compounds
In order to determine the content of this element in water, you need to pay attention to several signs:
- As already mentioned earlier, ferrous iron dissolves in water, and therefore it is impossible to see it in a stream of water. However, if you take tap water into a container and let it stand for some time, an unpleasant brown sediment will be clearly visible at the bottom.
- Ferric iron makes itself known in the form of unpleasant-smelling, dark yellow water. If such water is left in a container, it will become lighter in color and the iron it contains will precipitate. This phenomenon is most common in city apartments in centralized water supply systems.
- The presence of bacterial iron compounds in water can be seen by a thin oily film on the surface.
Thus, the presence of iron in water is indicated by a yellow or brown color, sediment, an unpleasant sharp metallic odor, as well as an iridescent film.
Below are various options for purifying water from iron from a well in a country house to drinking water.
Purifying water from a well from iron: various methods and technologies
There are a number of different cleaning methods, each of which is good and effective in its own way.
Purifying water from a well in a country house to potable condition using sedimentation method
This method is most simple in a suburban area, where it is possible to place an additional tank, the volume of which should correspond to the volume of daily water consumption by the residents of the house. Optimal purification of water from a well in a country house to drinking water is possible only if all installation and operation requirements are met.
Such a solution has a number of advantages, for example, fairly low costs and ease of implementation, as well as the possibility of using purified water even in the event of a shutdown, and additional purification from hydrogen sulfide.
The disadvantages are incomplete removal of iron, as well as the need for constant cleaning of sediment accumulated at the bottom of the container, and control over the water level in it.
Helpful advice! To clean the liquid faster, you can supply it to the tank using a special sprayer - this is how an additional aeration process occurs.
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Aeration method
This method provides more complete purification of water from a well than the previous method. The principle of its operation is quite simple: contact of water with air is ensured, where iron impurities react with oxygen. Thus, the element oxidizes and passes into the trivalent state, while precipitating. It is for this purpose that a special filter is installed at the outlet of the container, which traps particles and prevents them from passing further through the water supply. An aeration system for removing iron from water is an excellent and inexpensive choice for a summer residence.
There are two types of such a solution:
- A non-pressure option, which involves the installation of sprayers, and, if desired, to increase the efficiency of the design, a compressor is installed in the container itself, which additionally enriches the water with oxygen.
- The pressure method involves the flow of water under high pressure into a special column, where the pressure of the jet and the action of the compressor ensure the most effective cleaning.
The advantages of this method are, first of all, its environmental friendliness.
The disadvantages are the need to frequently clean the container and filter from accumulated contaminants, still not completely eliminate iron, and the technology’s dependence on the availability of electricity, which in conditions of poor power supply in suburban areas is a rather significant disadvantage.
Ozonation process
This process is deferrization using the introduction of special oxidizing agents. They began to gradually abandon chlorine as a similar element, since one or another part of it still remains at the outlet and has a negative effect on human health.
This method is not very suitable for self-installation, since special equipment is quite expensive, and quite complex calculations are also required, which are very difficult to perform without proper knowledge.
Ion exchange method
Such a solution involves installing a special filter with free sodium ions, which, when reacting with water, are replaced by iron impurity ions. This method is quite simple and, moreover, convenient, because such a filter can even be installed in the space under the sink.
Reverse osmosis method
This method is rightfully considered the most effective among all methods of purification from impurities. Such a filtration installation is capable of retaining iron at the molecular level, even in dissolved form.
Related article:
In a special publication, we will conduct a comparative analysis of various manufacturers of filtration systems and determine which one will be the most optimal. Read!
However, such a solution requires the installation of an entire structure, which includes pre-filters for purifying water from iron to prevent rapid clogging of the main membrane, as well as mineralizers that restore water after it has been completely desalted.
Application of reagents
This solution is most often used in industry, since it requires serious subsequent cleaning from chemical compounds. However, it can also be used for private homes, for example, using sodium hypochlorite. The principle of operation of the reagents is quite simple: when they react with impurities, they form an insoluble precipitate, which does not enter the outlet water using the filtration system.
Drawing conclusions
Purifying well water from iron is a necessary solution for any home, since purified water will preserve your health and extend the life of your plumbing fixtures. To do this, choose one of the options presented above, based on your needs and financial capabilities.
Well water purification system (video)
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While at the dacha or in another city, we all drank water that seemed different to us from “normal”: tasteless, with an unusual smell, a slightly different shade. And they thought: “What could be the matter?” So: the fact is that the iron content in this water was exceeded. Is it necessary water purification from iron? Let's figure it out.
There are several methods for deferrization. Laboratory testing of water allows you to choose the most suitable one. But the right choice is also influenced by other factors, such as where to install the filter. If needed water purification from iron from a well, then one type of equipment is used, and if from the well- then another.
Deferrization with oxidizing agents
Reagent method – water purification from iron one of the most commonly used oxidizing agents (sodium hypochlorite, less commonly hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate). Such water purification from iron suitable at its significant concentration (more than 10 mg/l). In terms of operation, equipment of this type is more expensive than non-reagent equipment.
An effective and inexpensive reagent-free method. The equipment is compact and easy to use. The water is treated with air flow, which causes iron oxidation and flocculation. The water is then filtered. It is applied for purifying water from iron with a high degree of contamination (more than 25 mg/l).
based on the properties of the ion exchange resin. The essence of this reagent-free method is that instead of iron ions absorbed by the resin, the amount of sodium ions in the water increases. In addition to deferrization, the water is also purified from some other impurities. Gives a relatively high degree of purification, provided that the source water is not heavily polluted.
Purification systems are based on the conversion of iron into a 2-valent form from a 3-valent form (nitrous oxide). The equipment body is made of high-strength fiberglass and laminated with food-grade polyethylene. Most systems purifying water from iron consists of 4 parts:
- mechanical pre-filter;
- elements for water aeration;
- the deferrization filter itself;
- additional water filtration devices, such as a carbon filter.
You can select the most suitable water deferrization equipment on the page "". We offer 5 system options purifying water from iron.
How to choose a water purification system? |
Iron removal systems are installed in apartments, dachas, and cottages. Selection of equipment for purifying water from iron should be based on taking into account the characteristics of water that are revealed during the analysis process. Wrong system purifying water from iron will be ineffective. And, of course, you should not focus on the low cost of filters.
Where to submit water for free analysisFree engineer visit to the siteA chemical analysis of water must be carried out before designing water treatment systems begins. Carrying out this analysis ensures a high degree of efficiency in the use of various water purification schemes under certain conditions. It is the indicators identified as a result of this study that form the basis for the final completeness of water treatment and water purification systems. To do a free analysis of water from a well, you need:
- Pour water into a plastic or glass bottle so that as little air as possible remains in the bottle itself. Those. Fill the bottle to the very brim and cap it tightly.
- Coordinate with our specialists the time and place of water collection for analysis by calling the number below. You can bring water to our office yourself, or order a courier.
- Get water analysis results.
Highly qualified specialists of the ProfWater Company will visit your site and provide the following services:
- Determine the dimensions of the space for installing water treatment equipment.
- Water will be sampled for subsequent chemical analysis and, subsequently, selection of water treatment equipment.
See where similar equipment is already working
For many years, ProfWater has occupied a leading position among water treatment companies. Over the years of successful implementation of its activities, ProfWater Company has installed more than 10,000 water treatment systems. In a very short period of time, our company began to enjoy enormous popularity not only among residents of the Moscow region, but also in many other regions of Russia. We present to your attention the facilities where our equipment has already been installed and is successfully operating.
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Very often, the biggest headache for the owners of country houses is the water that is drawn from wells and boreholes for domestic needs. Because it seems clean at first glance, after some time it suddenly turns brown and acquires a strange taste. This suggests that there is a large amount of iron in this water. Therefore, in this article we will talk about how water is purified from iron from a well or well.
Five steps to make your water free of iron
Many people have heard that water with a high concentration of iron is dangerous. Many even know a few simple ways to reduce its concentration. But how effective are they, what is the quality of the water after the operations performed. Therefore, we invite you to go through five stages with us, which may seem difficult to some. But this approach will make it possible to improve water quality.
Stage No. 1 Check
So, where should we start? First of all, you need to find out whether the water from the well needs treatment. Maybe she's already clean on her own. You cannot do such an analysis on your own. Of course, if a yellowish film floats on the surface of the water surface, or brown sediment has fallen, then there is no doubt. But if no signs are visible, this does not mean that there is no iron in the water. Therefore, water from the well must be taken to the laboratory at Vodokanal.
What can a laboratory test determine? Only one thing – iron concentration. And here I would like to make a small digression and talk about the hardware itself.
First, iron has many beneficial functions in the human body. For example, DNA synthesis cannot take place without it, it is a regulatory element of cellular metabolism, hemoglobin is 60% of iron. But everything that has just been listed applies only to divalent iron. All other iron compounds are harmful to humans.
What does the World Health Organization say about this? A reputable organization has established a maximum limit for the presence of divalent hydroxide in water. Its value is 0.3 mg/l. If the analysis shows a value below this standard, then there is no need to deferrize the water. Otherwise, this must be done without fail.
But there is one more point. A high concentration of Fe is accompanied by increased hardness of the water mass. And this is a serious factor that affects people’s lives:
- the service life of household appliances is reduced;
- Shut-off valves and other devices installed in the water supply network often fail;
- the taste of food changes;
- furniture deteriorates;
- Clothes washed in such water take on a peculiar dirty color.
So, at the first stage you need to decide on the quality of the water. And if it does not comply with SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 standards, then the issue of deferrization of water from the well will have to be addressed. That is, you will need to select a filter.
Stage No. 2 Deciding what to filter
The modern market offers a fairly serious selection of filters for various purposes. But they are all divided into three groups:
- Filters that remove iron that is dissolved in water.
- Devices belonging to the category of multifunctional equipment. That is, with their help, water is purified from iron, plus its softening (hardness reduction).
- Complex filtration equipment. It purifies not only Fe, but also other impurities: organic, pesticides, manganese and others. Plus, some models have an aeration function, that is, cleaning water from hydrogen sulfide.
For country houses, it is very important to decide for what purposes deferrization will be carried out. That is, the water will be used for domestic needs or in the form of technical water. In each case, a specific type of filter is selected.
Stage No. 3 Selecting a cleaning method
This stage is based on the choice of cleansing method. There are two options that are conditionally defined. This is a reagent and non-reagent method.
Let's start with reagent-free, because it is used only if the water from a well or well is not too contaminated with iron hydroxide. There are several filters that differ from each other in the cleaning method.
Catalytic loadings
Let's say, if the filter is a sealed housing through which water passes, then special preparations are poured into it, which capture ferric iron, discarding it into sediment. That is, iron oxidation occurs in the loads.
AS/MS, Pyrolox or Birm sorbents are used today as loadings. The most important thing is that, in addition to the main enemy, these drugs also trap other impurities: hydrogen sulfide, manganese and others.
Reverse osmosis
For private houses with water supply from wells and boreholes, this filter is the best option. Purely structurally, it is a sealed housing, divided into two halves by a special membrane. The latter has holes so small that nothing except water molecules can pass through them. That is, the output is practically distilled water, which does no harm or good.
Many consumers note several unpleasant aspects associated with the use of reverse osmosis filters:
- Very low throughput of the device. That is, to gain even 1 liter, it takes about 5 minutes.
- For this filtration unit to work effectively, it is necessary that the water pressure in the water supply is not less than 3 bar.
- In order for water that has undergone reverse osmosis to become drinkable again, you need to additionally install a mineralizer. Today the manufacturers themselves have solved this problem. They combined coarse and fine filters, reverse osmosis, and a mineralizer into one installation.
Electromagnetic cleaning
Not all experts consider this option for purifying water from iron from a well in a country house to drinking water as the most effective. But such filters are available on the market. Their operating principle is based on the effect of an electromagnetic field on divalent iron, which turns into trivalent iron. That is, from the invisible to the visible: flakes, plaque, sediment, etc.
The most important thing is that such a filter is equipped with a special chamber filled with quartz sand. It is on this that the sediment settles.
Aeration
An ancient method of cleaning. Essentially, this is the process of oxidizing iron with the help of air. There are two options here:
- Non-pressure. This is when water splashes from above a closed tank, falling down. Small drops are saturated with oxygen, which enters into an oxidation reaction with a divalent substance, turning into a trivalent one. The latter falls in the form of sediment to the bottom of the tank, and after accumulation is discharged outside. In some installations, a special filter element is provided for this, which collects sediment.
- Pressure. The technology here is different. The air is pumped into the water filled into the tank using a compressor.
Video description
The video shows a method of free-flow aeration of water:
Reagent method
This purification option is used mainly in cases where water analysis has shown a high content of both iron and other impurities. From the name of the method itself, one can immediately conclude that its action is based on a chemical reaction with the addition of special reagents. There is also a lot of technology here. Let's look at each briefly separately.
Adding Oxidizing Agents
This technology is mainly used on an industrial scale. To do this, add one of these substances to the water:
- NaOCI – sodium hydrochloride;
- KMnO4 – potassium permanganate, also known as potassium permanganate.
There is a technology that uses ozone as an oxidizing agent. As usual, ferric iron precipitates and is removed outside the containers and reservoirs.
Coagulation
Here is the same option with the addition of special reagents to the water. Usually this is aluminum sulfate, iron sulfate and others. That is, a chemical reaction occurs between the reagents and the divalent ferrum, which forms a trivalent substance.
Ion exchange
For this purpose, so-called ion exchange filters are used to purify water from iron from a well. Purely structurally, this is a housing filled with ion-exchange resin granules.
The essence of purification is that the resin cations easily exchange places with divalent metals. Therefore, metal impurities easily adhere to the resin, remaining inside the filter. The most interesting thing is that there is a fairly simple way to clean the resin itself. To do this, simply wash it with hot water.
Ion exchange filters belong to the multifunctional category; with their help, you can clean water from other contaminants, plus they soften water masses.
Stage No. 4 What the market offers
So, having dealt with the question of how to purify water from iron from a well, let’s move on to market offers. In fact, the market is oversaturated. A huge number of well-known and little-known brands advertise their products, assuring them that they are an ideal option. But you shouldn’t rush even to famous brands right away, because the filter is a complex device. And it will have to be selected according to the parameters of the water coming from the well. In this case, you will have to take into account the required daily volume, plus the consumption mode. That is, it is not as simple as it might seem at first glance.
What to do - look for specialists who will explain everything. The easiest thing is to contact a company that sells well-known brands. Surely there is something for you in the proposed model line. For example, Aquaphor, Geyser and others are leaders in this area.
It should be added that leading companies offer a large list of services that make both purchase and installation easier. Eg:
- they come to your call and determine both the installation location of the filter device and its type;
- some companies offer free water analysis;
- the device itself is also delivered free of charge;
- This service also includes installation and training in terms of proper operation;
- service on favorable terms.
The most important thing is that for many, the budget option of filters for purifying water from iron from a well is a priority. So here’s our advice – don’t skimp on this. Not all cheap filter devices can effectively remove impurities.
Video description
The video shows the installation of a filter for purifying water from iron:
Stage No. 5 Purchasing the required filter
So, the last stage is the purchase of a filter for iron removal. What we have:
- We have water analysis from the well on hand;
- the filter has been selected, and you have a good understanding and now understand the difference between devices that remove iron from water and multifunctional units;
- We have selected an effective method for removing iron from water specifically for your home;
- The company’s specialists explained to you how to handle the filter and when it needs service.
All that remains is to purchase the filtering equipment you have chosen.
Briefly about the main thing
In this article, we examined the question that concerns many people: how to purify water from iron. And we walked with you through the five stages of choosing a filter for iron removal. The path, frankly speaking, is not very simple, because you will have to understand quite complex issues. That is why many companies offer free services to determine the type of filter with the additional service of analyzing water from a well.
Water is the basis of life. Its quality directly affects the health and physical condition of a person. Autonomous water supply is a good alternative to centralized water supply. Having organized an individual method of water supply, you will have to take full responsibility for its quality. A common problem with country springs is an excess of iron in the water. Purifying water from iron from a well becomes a top priority.
Iron (Ferrum) is a chemical element that is found in objects of animal and plant origin around us, in the upper layers of the soil and, as a result, in water. Iron contained in water has the following forms:
- elemental (Fe0), metallic. Exposure to water causes an oxidation process and a transition to the trivalent state - rust is formed;
- divalent (Fe2). Almost always found completely dissolved in water;
- trivalent (Fe3). Present in various chemical compounds. Hydroxide turns into a precipitate (except when the acidity level is low), and ferrous chloride and sulfate always dissolve;
- organic. It takes different chemical forms and can be a component of other chemical elements.
The permissible quantitative limit for the presence of iron in drinking water should not exceed 0.3 mg/l. This indicator is typical for a small part of the territories. In most areas of the Moscow region, the level of iron content rises to 5 mg/l, and sometimes to a significantly higher level - 10 mg/l. In water layers, divalent iron is mainly present in a dissolved state. The transition to the trivalent form occurs after the interaction of water with air - rust is formed.
When the iron level is above 0.7–1 mg/l, the water acquires a pronounced reddish-brown tint and becomes cloudy. A metallic smell and taste also appears.
Water of this quality is strictly prohibited for drinking. This chemical composition of water also negatively affects the operation of electrical appliances.
Well water analysis: sequence and prices
Before using a water well, new or purchased along with the plot, you must do a chemical analysis of the water in order to protect yourself, your loved ones and the household as a whole. There are quite a lot of laboratories offering such services. You can decide where to test water from a well if you have the following information about the organization:
- have at least 5 years of experience in this service sector;
- existence of own laboratory equipment;
- availability of a license for this activity.
Helpful advice! Don't be tempted by the low cost of testing water from a well. There is a possibility that the services are offered by intermediaries, which means that obtaining results will be significantly delayed.
The first stage in the study is the correct water intake. If a sample is taken from a new well, this should be done at least two to three weeks after the start of pumping. During this time, all contaminants that entered the water during the installation of the well are neutralized.
It's better to take the glassware from the laboratory. The containers undergo special treatment; preservatives are added to them, which prevent changes in the chemical composition of the water during transportation. The accuracy of the results largely depends on the cleanliness of the container.
If you prepare the dishes yourself, you must follow certain rules:
- the entire preparation process must be carried out with clean, thoroughly washed and dried hands;
- the container in which it is planned to transport water to the laboratory must be perfectly clean and free of specific odors (the optimal container volume is 1.5–2 liters);
- Before filling, the dishes should be rinsed several times with water to be analyzed;
- the period of pumping water from the well before sampling must last at least 5 minutes;
- It is advisable to fill the container with a thin stream along the wall of the tank. It is not recommended to change the water pressure; the degree of opening of the tap should remain unchanged. The container must be filled to the top with water: the air remaining in the container affects the analysis results;
- the container with the sampled water must be signed: indicate the place, date and time of sampling.
To ensure that well water is analyzed in accordance with the requirements, it is important to transport the liquid within 2 hours after collection. If quick delivery is not possible, the water must be refrigerated, but for no more than 10 hours.
To determine water quality, there are several types of analysis: chemical, organoleptic, microbiological, advanced.
For different types of well water analysis, the price will be different. It mainly depends on how many parameters will be determined, and may increase slightly due to additional services. The cost of a standard analysis averages 1,500–2,000 rubles, the price of a complete analysis is 4,000–5,000 rubles. More accurate information about how much it costs to analyze water from a well should be obtained directly from the laboratory.
How to clean a wellfrom harmful impurities?
How to purify water from a well if a chemical analysis showed an amount of iron significantly higher than normal?
There are several methods that can be used to remove excess iron from a liquid. Based on the type of action, the following technologies are distinguished:
- reagent;
- reagent-free.
The reagent method is water purification using ozone, chlorine, oxidized compounds and other substances. The main principle of their action is to neutralize iron and eliminate harm from it by affecting metal particles. The disadvantage of this method is that the reagents themselves must be changed periodically, since their validity period is short. They are refilled in a special cartridge or appropriate filter. Within a short period of time (determined by the level of water contamination), the cartridge also needs to be changed. Reagents and cartridges are expensive.
Reagent-free deferrization of water is a change in composition through the use of aeration or other systems with a similar effect. Such deferrization is carried out using aeration and filtration units. The following methods are used:
- oxidation;
- biological effects;
- ion exchange;
- aeration.
The oxidation method is based on the effect of special substances on water. A striking example is ozone. This substance oxidizes ferrous iron and additionally saturates the liquid with useful substances. The biological effect is carried out by placing certain microorganisms in the water, which transform the iron particles into a safe state. When using the biological method, fairly large cartridges are used.
Ion exchange is almost always used for water that needs not only to remove iron, but also to reduce its hardness. This process is carried out using special resins placed in a cartridge. The reaction takes place at the molecular level. Resins replace and remove particles of foreign elements. Aeration is used as a way to oxidize iron in water. It is based on a natural process, without the use of special substances.
Iron removal from waterusing production equipment
Purifying water in a country house is just as important as purifying water in a private home, even if it is used for irrigation and technical purposes. An excess of certain elements can harm plants and have a detrimental effect on various surfaces and materials. Chemical analysis of well water allows you to accurately determine which treatment system should be used. Today, among the methods of purifying water from impurities, aeration is considered the most effective. This is a method based on intensive air exchange.
Based on the technological features of the process, three aeration methods are distinguished:
- pressure;
- non-pressure;
- ejector
Each of these treatment methods requires the presence of special equipment and has its own technical specifics and stages of implementation.
Pressure aeration
The cost of cleaning a well using the pressure aeration method is significant, since quite complex technical equipment is used:
- sealed cylinder - column;
- high pressure compressor;
- water flow sensor;
- pressure level sensor;
- the head of a column having a valve to regulate the pressure inside the cylinder.
Water flows from the water supply network into the tank. After maximum filling, the flow sensor is activated, which activates the compressor. Then, using a compressor, a stream of air is directed into the chamber under strong pressure. Intensive interaction of water with air leads to the oxidation of divalent iron.
At the end of the aeration process, the water from the column passes through a filter system that retains oxidized iron particles and is supplied to the water supply. The equipment used for pressure aeration is small in size, so it can be used to purify water in a country house.
Gravity aeration
The gravity aeration system consists of the following equipment:
- container (sealed tank);
- nozzles for spraying water;
- compressor and set of aerators;
- pump to increase the pressure of the water flow at the outlet;
- hydraulic accumulator;
- block for system control.
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Nozzles are installed in a sealed aeration tank that spray water when it enters. Dividing into small drops, water, passing from the top point, interacts with oxygen as much as possible. The reaction leads to the oxidation of divalent iron and converts it to trivalent.
Due to water spraying, the flow rate at the outlet is significantly reduced, so to maintain optimal pressure, you need to connect a pump. The need for additional equipment, which entails an increase in material costs and complication of system installation, is a significant disadvantage of this method.
High performance partially compensates for the shortcomings.
Helpful advice! If the water from the well is planned to be used not only as technical water, the tank should be made of food-grade plastic.
Ejector method
An inexpensive and common cleaning method available for everyday use is ejector aeration. An aeration unit is a compact device that operates using the energy created by the flow of water in a pipeline. One of the advantages of the unit is that it does not require power.
This mechanism is based on the operating principle of the Venturi device: a zone of reduced pressure is created in the pipe, which facilitates the suction of air bubbles through a special hole. It is not possible for water to escape through the hole, since the device is equipped with a non-return valve.
This method does not require the use of a storage tank or other additional devices in the design. Water passing through the ejector is saturated with oxygen and immediately supplied to the filters.
The productivity and intensity of water saturation with oxygen using this method is low, but it is a convenient option for cleaning at the household level.
Helpful advice ! The ejector method can be used for water purification only if, according to the results of a chemical analysis, the level of water contamination does not exceed the average.
Iron well filter
Filters for main structures effectively perform the function of purifying water from a well from iron. In most cases, main systems consist of several stages of water purification, each of which uses a cartridge with a filter element. The performance of the filter will depend on which cartridge is selected. The use of main structures has a number of advantages:
- high level of productivity;
- relatively low price;
- ease of installation and operation.
Everything can be divided into several categories depending on the task at hand.
Flaws:
- the need to constantly replace filters;
- use of different models of cartridges for cold and hot water.
Iron removal filters can be used effectively only for water with a slight excess of iron. If the indicator exceeds 1–1.5 mg/l, the filter will need to be changed monthly.
Water purification in the cottage, private house
Poor quality water means discomfort and additional costs of time and money to fix problems. The need to clean it is beyond doubt. Water purification from a well for a private house or cottage is a rather complex system and requires careful selection of mechanisms.
There are three main types of cleaning systems for private houses and cottages:
- filters designed to purify water from the city water supply;
- filters designed to purify water from a personal well;
- filters designed to purify water in a house with seasonal residence.
In order to correctly select and install a purification system in a private household, it is necessary to do a water analysis to determine the chemical composition, and always in laboratory conditions. This is the only way to find out what needs to be purified from the water. A full volume of water and good quality is a combination of filtration and pressure maintenance. It is better to entrust the installation of the system to specialists.
Well water purificationwith your own hands
The problem of why the pump does not pump water from the well can be explained by the following: deposits on the walls, a clogged filter, and the penetration of impurities into the mechanisms block the supply of water, which contains a lot of iron and is not cleared of harmful impurities. If the cause is not eliminated, the mechanisms may become unusable. If it is not possible to buy equipment for deferrization of water from a well, it is possible to develop and assemble it yourself.
The installation diagram of the aeration system is quite simple; doing it yourself will not be difficult. For this you will need:
- plastic tank;
- pipes;
- spray.
A storage tank needs to be installed in the attic of the house. Plastic is more suitable, as the material resists corrosion. It is better if this device is not flat, but shaped like a barrel with a curved bottom. Several pipes need to be connected to the tank. The first will directly connect the well and pump to the installed tank. Water will be supplied through it to the tank. The pipe should run the entire length of the container and end with a sprayer. If there is no sprayer, the end of the pipe can simply be perforated. This will create a drainage system that will allow the water to flow in thin streams, which will create closer contact of the liquid with the air and will ensure the activation of the transition of divalent iron to the ferric composition.
The second pipe must be connected to the tank on the other side, raised to a distance of 20 cm from the bottom level. After oxidation, iron will fall to the bottom in the form of sediment, and purified water will be supplied to the system. This water deferrizer has a number of significant advantages:
- efficient at work;
- requires minimal prevention (monitoring the condition of the atomizer or perforation);
- available for repair;
- low-cost.
The only drawback of this well water purification system is the duration of the process. In this way, a tank with a volume of 700–800 liters is cleaned per day.
Cleaning a well from silt and sand
If the well is not used regularly, a silting problem may arise. The water supplied is cloudy, has an unpleasant odor, or does not enter the water pumping system at all. Equipment interruptions and poor quality water can also be a consequence of the presence of sand in aquifers. In both cases, it is necessary to clean the well from sand and silt. It can be carried out in two ways:
- chemical;
- mechanical.
Chemical cleaning uses reagents that are poured into the well for a certain time (an average of 2 hours). Then the well is flushed for at least 6 hours.
Helpful advice! This method is recommended for cleaning wells from sludge. If sand is also present, complete cleaning cannot be achieved.
For mechanical cleaning the following are used:
- water hammer;
- jelling;
- circulation.
Water hammer is effective for removing silt and other deposits. Sand can be removed using a bailer (a pipe into which sand is pumped through a pump - the effect of a vacuum cleaner). The circulation method is the most productive; it removes any deposits.
It is better to entrust mechanical cleaning to professionals. The advantage of cleaning wells from sand and silt with the involvement of specialists is that at the first stage diagnostics will be carried out using modern equipment, the degree and quality of well clogging will be accurately determined. This will allow you to accurately select the cleaning method.
Well water purification
The well, due to its openness and the possibility of penetration of pollutants from the outside, needs frequent cleaning. The advantage of this water source is that often the cause of contamination can be determined visually without involving complex equipment. The main signs indicating that a well is contaminated:
- turbidity and change in the color of the water: black tint - the presence of decomposed substances of organic origin, green - the proliferation of algae due to the penetration of sunlight, yellow - increased iron content;
- presence of unpleasant taste and odor;
- the appearance of clay deposits on the walls;
- decrease in water level.
The entire cleaning process can be divided into several stages:
- testing the condition of the well (external inspection, identification of contamination zones);
- determining the state of well water through laboratory analysis;
- removal of visible contaminants, elimination of defects in casing pipes;
- repair and cleaning of bottom filters;
- dry cleaning (if necessary).
Since the well environment is most conducive to the development of pathogenic bacteria and the formation of sediments, ultraviolet water purification is effectively used for wells. This is an alternative to chlorination.
The ultraviolet cleaning system is a stainless steel container with ultraviolet radiation lamps installed inside. The lamps are placed in special housings that prevent contact with water. Water flowing through the container is subjected to constant ultraviolet irradiation, which allows the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms and formations.
Purifying water from iron from a well: errors when choosing a cleaning method
Without knowledge of how to purify water from a well from iron, relying on the external availability of methods, you may not get the expected result. In situations where the choice of a treatment system is made independently, without the participation of specialists and in the absence of the results of a qualified study of the composition of water, a number of typical mistakes are made:
- preference is given to the chemical method as low-cost;
- water hammer is used without any idea about the degree of contamination of the well and its condition as a whole. This often leads to damage to the lower part of the structure;
- Sufficient intensity of the circulating flow is not provided, which leads to incomplete cleaning.
Systems for purifying water from a well from iron and other undesirable impurities, installed in compliance with the necessary rules and technical conditions, will not only adjust the chemical composition of water to a safe state, but will also make it healthy.
Each of us has encountered a situation when you draw water from the tap, and the water flows brown, with an unpleasant ferruginous taste. This phenomenon is observed both during water supply from the city water supply and water intake from artesian wells. The high iron content is due not only to the poor quality of water pipes, but also to its excess in the earth's crust. The Russian Health Organization has set an upper limit for such an indicator as “total iron”, the content of which should not exceed 0.3 mg/l. At a concentration of more than 1 mg/l, a dark yellow tint of the water is clearly visible and turbidity appears.
How does iron affect human life?
In the upper layer of the lithosphere, iron is in a dissolved state (Fe 2+). For its oxidation, the presence of free oxygen is required. Oxidized iron precipitates and rusts on pipes and plumbing. Rust can cause significant damage not only to household electrical appliances, but also to expensive industrial equipment, leading to corrosion and holes in pipes and machine parts. People suffer no less than technology from the increased content of iron ions in drinking water. Iron accumulation occurs gradually. A one-time sip of dirty water will not harm the body, but the constant supply of iron ions with water leads to serious disorders in the body. People develop diseases such as chronic allergies, dermatitis, kidney failure, disorders of the nervous system, liver and gastrointestinal tract.
Iron in water and its forms
In the process of development of chemical science, several forms in which iron is found in nature have been identified.
- Dissolved iron in divalent form (Fe 2+). Main signs: the water is clear, no color or odor. It is observed mainly in groundwater, where there is no oxygen.
- When water comes to the surface and interacts with oxygen, divalent iron is oxidized and goes into the trivalent form (Fe 3+). Signs include the appearance of a characteristic odor, ferruginous taste and brown color, which settles in the form of rust.
- Oxidized iron in colloidal form. The ions have a microscopic size of less than 1 micron and form a suspension. Signs: cloudy water even after standing for a long time. Iron removal stations for the home do not see these contaminants and are ineffective in purifying water from such iron.
- Iron in conjunction with glandular bacteria. As characteristic signs, the formation of brown mucus (traces of bacterial activity) is observed. They intensify corrosion processes and lead to rapid wear of pipelines.
How to determine that you need a water deferrization system in your home
By just a few signs you can determine the 100% presence of iron in water, from yours or.
You have collected water from a water supply source. It is clean and transparent, but after a while the water becomes cloudy and sediment appears. This indicates that the iron dissolved in water has oxidized and fallen to the bottom of the jar, bottle, jug or bucket.
- Yellow stains form on plumbing fixtures, and traces of rust appear on washed clothes.
- The appearance of a thin oily film on the surface of the water, a characteristic smell and taste of metal.
It's easy to remove iron from water
Water purification from iron can be done both at home and with the help of professional iron removal stations for the home. Self-cleaning includes methods such as settling water, boiling for a long time, freezing, etc. However, iron in water can be contained in several forms at once and determining its presence is not always easy. You cannot live with such water, it is hazardous to health, negatively affects plumbing, washing machines and dishwashers, and leads to corrosion of pipelines. The right decision would be to contact a company that specializes in professional water purification from iron for the home.
Specialists will study the chemical analysis of your source water, pay attention to all indirect indicators and select the most beneficial one, from iron from a well in a country house to drinking water.
Equipment for purifying water from iron in country houses
Over the course of a long time, through trial and error, we have explored the field of water purification systems for removing iron from wells and wells and have chosen for ourselves and you the most effective equipment for removing iron from water for your home and cottage.
Aeration unit . The operating principle of the aeration unit is based on the saturation of water with free oxygen, during which a chemical reaction occurs to convert iron into an insoluble form. Air enters the column or pipe using a compressor, the iron oxidizes and precipitates. There are two modifications of the aeration system: pressure and non-pressure. The aerator is used only in conjunction with iron removal systems for the home. You can find a detailed description, cost and characteristics of aeration columns!
Iron removal systems for water in the home
. Placed directly after the aeration unit. Oxidized iron settles on the particles of the filter media and is removed into the drainage system during regeneration. Without an aeration unit, iron removal stations for the home will not be effective. For a long service life of the water purification system from iron in a private house, timely flushing of the water deferrization system at the dacha is necessary. controlled using a special control unit. Our store offers a wide selection of components that are used in these iron removal water purification systems for the home. You can assemble and buy a system for purifying water from iron in a country house for the required performance with a pressure housing, medium and control valve from various manufacturers.
Iron removal systems for private homes with reagents . This method is most often used in industry, but there are cases when such water deferrization stations are installed in private homes. Then sodium hypochlorite is used as a reagent, which accelerates the chemical processes of iron precipitation. The disadvantages of this method are the exact dosage of the reagent, which depends on the concentration of iron in the water, as well as the constant replenishment of the reagent, which leads to additional costs and the need for constant monitoring of the operation of the water deferrization system.
Cleaning with ozone . This process of purifying water from iron is based on the operation of a special installation, inside which oxygen is cooled. Next, the resulting solution is driven through a water stream, during which the water is cleared of iron and saturated with oxygen. The main disadvantage of such a deferrization system for a cottage is its high cost and short service life.
Ion exchange systems for water deferrization in cottages . This method is based on the work of selective resins that remove dissolved iron, potassium, and magnesium ions from water. An advantage is the ability to use a single unit for purifying water from iron for a summer residence without additional components. The main problem is partial oxidation of iron and its deposition on the surface of the resin particles. As a result, a film is formed, which reduces the effectiveness of the resin and promotes the formation of microorganisms and bacteria.
Order water purification from iron for your home
By contacting our company for water deferrization, tomorrow you will be able to enjoy tasty and clean water in your home! Our specialists will quickly select a water purification station from iron in a country house to drinking water, and the installation team will install it in your home.