Cement particle board (CPB). CSP or cement bonded particle board CSP board characteristics and application
In modern construction and finishing work, the term DSP is often used. The abbreviation stands for cement bonded particle board, and it is one of the popular and high-quality building materials.
Thanks to innovative manufacturing technology, CBPB boards have unique characteristics that are noticeably higher than those of their wood-fiber counterparts, plasterboard and plywood. Let's consider the key advantages of this building material.
Main technical characteristics
Cement-bonded particle boards are made from crushed wood chips and cement, adding substances to the composition that completely eliminate the conflict of materials. The raw materials are laid one by one, forming a multi-layer sheet with special properties, which is formed by a hydraulic press.
As a result, DSPs have the following characteristics:
Sound insulation indicators - up to 45 dB.
The change in standard sizes during prolonged exposure to a humid environment is no more than 0.3-2%.
Bending and tensile strength - 2,500-3,000 MPa, respectively.
Fire safety - class G1 (low-flammable materials).
The average service life is up to 50 years.
It is worth noting that DSP boards are resistant to temperature changes, are easy to process and are not susceptible to mold formation. Disadvantages include dependence on environmental humidity: if the material is in contact with water for a long time, the service life is reduced to 15 years.
Is it burning or not?
The combustibility of a material is one of the key issues of interest to builders and finishers. Considering that the composition includes wood, cement particle boards can catch fire, however, this requires prolonged exposure to high temperatures.
When you are in a completely blazing house, the DSP needs contact the fire for at least an hour before it ignites. In addition, the material does not contain active chemical components, so even in the event of a fire, there is no risk of poisoning from combustion products.
Composition of the CBPB board
When producing cement-bonded particle boards, manufacturers are guided by GOST standards that are used for this type of building materials. In particular, the following ratio of components included in the finished product is used:
Portland cement - no less than 58%.
Additional impurities - 2.5%.
Crushed wood shavings - at least 30%.
It should be clarified that the percentage of raw materials used must be indicated on the packaging. Here are the data recommended by GOST, which may differ slightly for the products of some manufacturers. However, when choosing a material, you need to focus on the given values: this is the key to the quality and strength of CBPB boards.
Application
The main area of use of this material is to increase the thermal insulation properties and sound insulation of premises. Therefore, the material is often used in private residential buildings and in the construction of commercial and industrial facilities.
Cement particle boards are optimally suited for interior and exterior wall finishing and floor preparation for finishing. In addition, the material is often used for arranging interior partitions.
Regardless of the scope of application, DSPs are guaranteed to withstand the service life declared by the manufacturer, which is about 50 years!
Standard sizes
As already mentioned, CBPB slabs are manufactured in strict accordance with GOST standards, and accordingly have strictly defined external parameters. If we talk about standards, the following sizes apply here:
Sheet length - 2,700/3,200/3,600 mm.
Width - 1,200-1,250 mm.
Thickness - 8-36 mm.
It is necessary to clarify that this data is relevant only for products from domestic manufacturers. The European construction market has different standards.
Sheet weight
In the table above, the data is shown in a separate column. The weight of the sheet directly depends on two fundamental factors: thickness and area of the product. At the same time, the length and width of the sheet are usually standard; only the thickness changes, which largely determines the performance characteristics and scope of application. Let's look at the change in the weight of a standard sheet (3,200 * 1,250 mm) depending on the thickness. It looks like this:
Thickness 10 mm - weight 54 kg.
12 mm - 64.8 kg.
16 mm - 80 kg.
20 mm - 108 kg.
The weight of the densest sheets can reach up to 194 kg However, such material is very inconvenient for independent work. For cladding walls and arranging interior partitions, sheets are usually used, thickness 16-20 mm.
How to cut this material
It’s worth clarifying right away that it is better to cut cement particle boards in production shops: the work is very dusty and requires a special tool for an even cut. At home, you can use the following devices:
The working surface of the tool must be made of carbide materials, the rotation speed of circular saws is: no more than 200 rpm.
To minimize room contamination and reduce the amount of dust, it is recommended to spray the surface of the material being cut with water and prepare a vacuum cleaner to suck up fine particles.
List of verified manufacturers
On the Russian market, there are several proven companies producing high-quality products that meet GOST standards. When choosing a DSP, you can pay attention to the following manufacturers:
JSC "TAMAK". The company is located in the Tambov region, producing cement-bonded particle boards in accordance with domestic and European standards (EN 634-2). The products are solid monolithic sheets without the slightest defects.
LLC "TsSP-Svir". The company operates in the Leningrad region, filling the market with quality products. Characteristic features of the finished sheets: polished or calibrated surface of light gray color. The production uses German equipment, which ensures the production of CBPB boards according to Russian and European standards.
JSC "MIT". The company's production line is located in the Kostroma region. The finished sheets have a clear geometry, meet Russian quality standards, and are sold in an affordable price segment.
LLC "Stropan". The company operates in the Omsk region. The main characteristics of the finished sheets look like this: thickness from 10 to 36 mm while maintaining standard dimensions, elasticity of the material - 3,000 MPa, excellent thermal conductivity and sound insulation.
LLC "ZSK". The company is located in the city of Sterlitamak, Republic of Bashkortostan. The manufactured products have standard sizes corresponding to GOST, and are resistant to aggressive environmental influences and temperature changes.
It is important to clarify that all Russian companies producing cement-bonded particle boards use equipment from Western manufacturers. This helps to produce high-quality products at reasonable prices.
Useful to know during installation
It must be remembered that you need to work with cement particle boards very carefully: the large area of the sheet makes it fragile, so installation is carried out by at least two people.
In addition, CBPB boards are not laid closely; expansion joints must remain. The material contains wood, which tends to expand under the influence of a humid environment. Given this feature, it is not recommended to fill joints with putty. It is better to use a sealant that will not interfere with the expansion of the DSP boards.
Cement particle boards (CPB) are classified as universal sheet building materials. The raw materials for cement particle boards (CPB) are Portland cement, crushed wood shavings and additives that reduce the influence of substances contained in wood on the formation of cement stone.
Manufacturing technology of cement bonded particle boards (CPB)
The technology for manufacturing CBPB can be briefly described as the formation of a three-layer “pie” from two types of cement-bonded particle mixture: a mixture with fine-bonded aggregate forms the outer layers, and a mixture with coarse aggregate forms the inner layer. The laminated board is then molded under high pressure using hydraulic presses to achieve perfect smoothness and thickness.
Application of cement bonded particle boards (CSP)
DSP is used:
- As cladding and cladding along guides or frames, vertical - for walls, partitions, racks, ventilation hoods, etc., both for interior decoration and for facades.
- As an outer screen layer of a ventilated facade.
- In floor and flat roof structures.
DSP is not a serious competitor to fibreboards, plasterboard, gypsum fiberboard and bakelized plywood, due to the variation in the characteristics of these sheet materials. All these plates are in demand depending on the working conditions and the required performance qualities.
DSP board size
The standard sizes of DSP are 2.7 * 1.25 m and 3.2 * 1.25 m with gradations of thickness in mm 8; 10; 12; 16; 20; 24 and 36.
Main technical characteristics of cement-bonded particle boards (CSP)
Let us list the main characteristics of CBPB boards:
- Specific gravity (density) – 1250-1400 kg/m3. A standard DSP sheet with dimensions of 2.7 * 1.25 m and a thickness of 16 mm weighs 72.9 kg.
- Ultimate bending strength for thicknesses of 10, 12, 16 mm - 12 MPa; with a thickness of 36 mm - 9 MPa.
- Tensile strength perpendicular to the plane of the slabs is not less than 0.4 MPa.
- Modulus of elasticity in bending – not less than 3500 MPa.
- Classification by flammability - group G1 (classified as low-flammable).
- Frost resistance of 50 cycles with a guarantee of a decrease in strength by no more than 10%.
- Thermal protection properties. Thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.26 W/m*deg C.
- The value of the coefficient of linear expansion is 0.0235 mm/m*deg C.
- Vapor permeability coefficient 0.03 mg/m*h*Pa.
- Specific resistance when pulling out screws is from 4 to 7 N/m.
- Based on biostability, they are classified as class 4 products
- In terms of sound insulation - with a thickness of 12 mm, the airborne noise insulation index value is 31 dB. When laid on a reinforced concrete base made of load-bearing slabs, the penetration of impact noise with a thickness of 20 mm CBPB reduces by 16 dB. When laid on elastic materials - by 9 dB.
- Linear increases in size after exposure to water for 24 hours are 2% in thickness and 0.3% in length.
- Service life when used in dry rooms is at least 50 years.
Pros and cons of cement-bonded particle boards (CSB)
Let us list the main advantages of CBPB boards:
- Environmental friendliness. DSP does not contain any harmful or dangerous substances either in its composition or in its manufacturing technology. There are no phenolic-formaldehyde resins in the particle filler.
- Frost resistance is good - at least 50 cycles.
- Fire resistance G1 is a definite plus for facing material.
- Moisture resistance of CBPB boards that do not have a protective layer of hydrophobization is weak, protection from moisture is required - minus
- Sound insulation and noise protection qualities are excellent.
- Good biostability. Fungus and mold do not form on the surface of the slabs, even when used in a humid environment.
- Excellent resistance to longitudinal deformation, used for cladding along guides in frame houses of any number of floors.
- It goes well with other materials and structures, such as wood, polymers and plastics, metals and ceramics.
- High technology, simplicity and speed of processing. Cutting and drilling possible. Installation is simple, most hardware is suitable.
- Almost all types of finishing using DSP are possible, you can paste over any types of wallpaper, including heavy ones, plaster, tile, paint with any compositions - water-based, acrylic, oil, alkyd, etc.
- The smooth working surface of the DSP and perfectly even thickness allow you to save on finishing. On the smooth (cemented) side of the DSP sheet it is possible to apply a layer of paint without priming, especially since the adhesion is excellent.
- In terms of cost, CBPB boards are quite competitive with other sheet cladding materials, with favorable strength indicators.
The disadvantages of DSP boards include:
- The sheets have a significant mass, up to 200 kg depending on the thickness. When working on the upper tiers, you cannot do without lifting mechanisms, which leads to a certain increase in cost. Installing heavy slabs at height is also difficult.
- The service life is not very long - in contact with the external environment no more than 15 years. Manufacturers guarantee fifty years of operation only under normal humidity conditions, which is not always realistic.
- Thin, from 8 to 36 mm, DSP sheets with a significant area - about 4 m2 and weight cannot but have some fragility. Working with DSP is not so easy; it requires care. The slabs may break during installation.
- Sealing joints and seams between DSP sheets is not possible with any material. They recommend sealants that can mask the seam, provided they are elastic in the presence of moisture. Putty compounds that have properties of rigidity after setting cannot be used for sealing joints; this can lead to deformation of slabs operating in weather conditions and to a reduction in their service life. Sealants based on rubber bases are considered the best option for CBPB.
- DSPs are hygroscopic, and linear expansion when cladding facades is inevitable. Façade plaster on CBPB without reinforcing mesh and protection of CBPB from moisture rarely does not crack after five or even less years of operation. If there are errors in installation - insufficient fasteners or frames and work in humid conditions, the DSP sheets can go in “waves” and even come off the fasteners. Sometimes experts recommend protecting the DSP under the plaster from external moisture with damper layers of polyurethane foam, fastened with clamping rondoles (or other types of disc fasteners). This option requires elaboration regarding the fulfillment of the vapor permeability conditions for external walls. In winter, the dew point should not be allowed to fall on the inner plane of the CBPB.
Transportation and storage of CBPB
It is necessary to provide protection from atmospheric influences; long-term storage is possible exclusively in horizontal laying, but the CBPB is transported in the “edge” position.
Installation and surface finishing with cement-bonded particle boards (CSP)
Installation and surface finishing of DSP boards is carried out in the following order:
- Before fastening the CBPB sheet with self-tapping screws to the frame or base, it is necessary to drill holes for the screws, and the CBPB sheet must have a solid support along the plane (it is impossible to drill the CBPB “in weight”).
- Vertical cladding and cladding are usually made with slabs 16 mm and 20 mm thick.
- The most economical and fastest type of final finishing on DSP is painting with compositions based on acrylic, latex or silicone. Compensation gaps at sheet joints are required.
- DSP sheets are characterized by a very smooth surface and no porosity. Priming on the cemented sides of the sheets need not be done, provided the CBPB is not operating in a humid environment.
- Sealing of seams and joints of DSP is possible with sealants that mask the seams, and wooden, plastic or metal strips are used for finishing. This finishing is used to imitate facades in half-timbered styles, and in particular due to the excellent smoothness and geometry obtained when cladding with DSP, the appearance is simply ideal. The “picture” of the half-timbered structure is quite realistic and has its own charm.
For leveling for final finishing, DSP sheets are considered one of the best materials due to their good rigidity and ideal smoothness of the sheets. Finishing and leveling with DSP boards gives excellent results. Finishing materials can be paints and varnishes, plaster mixtures, facing tiles, wallpaper of any type, natural and artificial linoleums, laminates, cork, soft materials such as carpet and others.
| Dimensions, mm | Weight 1 sheet, kg |
Square sheet, m 2 |
Volume sheet, m 3 |
Qty sheets in 1 m 3 |
Weight 1 m 3, kg |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| length | width | thickness | |||||
| 2700 | 1250 | 8 | 36,45 | 3,375 | 0,0270 | 37,04 | 1300-1400 |
| 10 | 45,56 | 0,0338 | 29,63 | ||||
| 12 | 54,68 | 0,0405 | 24,69 | ||||
| 16 | 72,90 | 0,0540 | 18,52 | ||||
| 20 | 91,13 | 0,0675 | 14,81 | ||||
| 24 | 109,35 | 0,0810 | 12,53 | ||||
| 36 | 164,03 | 0,1215 | 8,23 | ||||
| 3200 | 1250 | 8 | 43,20 | 4,000 | 0,0320 | 31,25 | 1300-1400 |
| 10 | 54,00 | 0,0400 | 25,00 | ||||
| 12 | 64,80 | 0,0480 | 20,83 | ||||
| 16 | 86,40 | 0,0640 | 15,63 | ||||
| 20 | 108,00 | 0,0800 | 12,50 | ||||
| 24 | 129,60 | 0,0960 | 10,42 | ||||
| 36 | 194,40 | 0,1440 | 6,94 | ||||
Physico-mechanical properties of CBPB TAMAK
Reference indicators of physical and mechanical properties of CBPB TAMAK
| № | Name of the indicator, units measurements |
Value for TsSP-1 slabs | GOST |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Modulus of elasticity in bending, MPa, not less | 4500 | GOST 10635-88 |
| 2 | Hardness, MPa | 46-65 | GOST 11843-76 |
| 3 | Impact strength, J/m, not less | 1800 | GOST 11843-76 |
| 4 | Specific resistance to pulling screws out of plates, N/m | 4-7 | GOST 10637-78 |
| 5 | Specific heat capacity, kJ/(kg K) | 1,15 | - |
| 6 | Biostability class | 4 | GOST 17612-89 |
| 8 | Reduction in bending strength (after 20 cycles of temperature and humidity influences), %, no more | 30 | - |
| 9 | Swelling in thickness (after 20 cycles of temperature and humidity influences), %, no more | 5 | - |
| 10 | Flammability | Low-flammable group G1 | GOST 30244-94 |
| 11 | Frost resistance (decrease in bending strength after 50 cycles), %, no more | 10 | GOST 8747-88 |
Load table for Tamak CBPB “Concentrated load - single-span beam”
| span, mm |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thickness 8 mm |
Thickness 10 mm |
Thickness 12 mm |
Thickness 16 mm |
Thickness 20 mm |
Thickness 24 mm |
Thickness 36 mm |
|
| 200 | 0,213 | 0,345 | 0,480 | 0,813 | 1,414 | 2,007 | 4,802 |
| 250 | 0,171 | 0,267 | 0,387 | 0,623 | 1,031 | 1,572 | 3,280 |
| 300 | 0,142 | 0,212 | 0,307 | 0,508 | 0,803 | 1,167 | 2,687 |
| 350 | 0,110 | 0,168 | 0,267 | 0,423 | 0,688 | 1,030 | 2,288 |
| 400 | 0,096 | 0,153 | 0,248 | 0,377 | 0,622 | 0,945 | 2,042 |
| 450 | 0,082 | 0,128 | 0,195 | 0,347 | 0,553 | 0,760 | 1,147 |
| 500 | 0,056 | 0,095 | 0,185 | 0,345 | 0,541 | 0,667 | 1,572 |
Thermal properties
DSP, thanks to the organic compound of wood and cement, is a homogeneous monolithic material without air inclusions, which ensures high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the greatest use of DSPs is found in structures where a combination of high strength and low temperature resistance of the material is required. The thermal properties of DSP are assessed using the thermal conductivity coefficient, which is the most important thermal indicator of building materials.
Dependence of thermal conductivity coefficient on slab thickness
Soundproofing
Airborne noise insulation index
| DSP TAMAK 10 mm | R W =30 dB |
| DSP TAMAK 12 mm | R W =31 dB |
Impact noise insulation index
Cement particle boards with a thickness of 20 and 24 mm, laid directly on the reinforced concrete load-bearing floor of the measuring chamber of the NIISF RAASN, provide improved impact noise insulation by 16-17 dB, respectively.
When laying cement particle boards with a thickness of 20 and 24 mm not directly on a reinforced concrete floor slab, but on an intermediate layer of elastically soft material, impact noise insulation is further improved, amounting to 9-10 dB.
Specific resistance to pulling out screws
| № | Name screw, DxL, mm |
Hole diameter for a screw, mm |
Average specific resistance from 5 tests, N/mm |
Spread of specific resistance, N/mm |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.5 x 30 | 3,0 | 122 | 118 ÷ 137 |
| 2 | 5.0 x 30 | 3,0 | 85 | 68 ÷ 103 |
| 3 | 4.5 x 30 | 3,0 | 93 | 80 ÷ 108 |
| 4 | 4.0 x 30 (L thread 20mm) |
2,5 | 110 | 88 ÷ 147 |
| 5 | 4.0 x 30 (L thread full) |
2,5 | 114 | 103 ÷ 124 |
| 6 | 3.5 x 30 | 2,5 | 104 | 87 ÷ 116 |
| Wed 105 |
- Specifications
- Production Features
- Features of installation and finishing
- Varieties
- Outdoor use
- Advantages and disadvantages of DSP
- Material cost
Cement particle boards are a composite material consisting of a matrix and special binding additives. This structure allows you to combine the positive qualities of the base and fillers, reduces disadvantages, and expands the scope of application.
Specifications
DSP are wide flat slabs with a uniform structure, usually gray-brown in color. The base, making up 65%, is high-quality Portland cement with the addition of gypsum and plasticizers. The second component is wood shavings in a volume of 24%. About 8% is water. Approximately 2.5% consists of binders and hydration additives that neutralize the effect of wood extracts and regulate moisture. These can be aluminum salts, calcium salts, liquid glass. Carcinogens, harmful chemical impurities - formaldehyde, asbestos chips, etc. - are not used. That's why the material does not emit toxic fumes and is safe for health.
Technical characteristics of the DSP comply with GOST:
- specific density - 1100–1400 kg/m3;
- humidity - no more than 12%, standard value - 9%;
- maximum water absorption in 24 hours - no more than 16%;
- thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.26 W/m K;
- vapor permeability - about 0.03 mg/m·h·Pa;
- flammability class - G1;
- bending strength - 9–12 MPa, compressive strength - 0.4 MPa.
The thickness of the canvas is 4–40 mm, width - 1200 or 1250 mm, length - 2700 or 3200 mm. Deviations from the established standards in thickness are not allowed; in width and length, a discrepancy of 1.5 mm is possible.
The surface of the sheets can be rough or smooth, depending on the degree of grinding. Finishing facade materials are decorated and painted to resemble tiles, natural stone or brick.
The weight of 1 m² of 8 mm thick canvas is about 10.5 kg.
Cement particle boards tolerate temperature changes, have good moisture and bio-resistance: they are not affected by fungus, do not rot, do not swell, and do not deform. The fine-porous structure of the DSP does not interfere with air exchange and does not disturb the microclimate in the premises. Despite the presence of natural wood, the material is practically not subject to combustion.
The service life of the DSP is on average 35–40 years. In the absence of aggressive atmospheric or chemical influences - up to half a century.
Production Features
There are several technological stages:
- A mixture of water and binding additives is prepared in a special container.
- Crushed wood shavings are added to the liquid ingredients. Mineralization occurs.
- Cement is added to the mixture.
- The solution is distributed into molds, and a certain thickness is set using presses.
- They are thermally treated and the condition of the material is recorded in chambers.
- The CSM is dried, polished, and cut in accordance with established standards.
Features of installation and finishing
Cement-bonded bonding materials are intended for dry installation. In construction and finishing works, they perform the same functions as chipboard, plywood, plasterboard, slate, and concrete plaster.
Some use cases:
- construction of permanent formwork during the construction of buildings, including multi-storey buildings;
- finishing, restoration of facades, foundations;
- basis for fencing, protective structures;
- arrangement of garden paths;
- creation of ceiling coverings, interior partitions, bases for roofs, floors;
- insulation, lining of fireplaces, stoves, chimneys.
Cement particle boards are used in many types of construction and repair work. They cut perfectly, do not crumble when drilling holes for fasteners, and hold plaster and primer mixtures, paint, ceramic tiles, and wallpaper. This is an excellent base for creating various designs and interiors.
When using DSP, the main attention must be paid to storage and transportation. The material contains cement and mineral additives, so it is quite fragile and can be damaged as a result of improper loads. Before use, the sheets must be in a horizontal position and supported. When transporting, the material must be placed on its edge.
During installation, the sheets are fixed to the surface at least at three points. For vertical installation, use material with a thickness of about 15–20 mm. Holes for fasteners are drilled in advance. When moving slabs from place to place, precautions must be taken. When sawing, tools with working surfaces of increased hardness are used.
Putty is not used for sealing joint joints.. Cement particle board mainly consists of natural components, so during operation it can expand and contract. Visually, these changes are invisible, but rigid fixation can cause disruption of the integrity of the seams and the appearance of cracks in them. Typically, the gaps between the sheets are masked with silicone sealants and sewn up with narrow wooden slats or a metal profile.
The surface formed by cement particle boards is strong, stable, and does not require additional leveling or complex finishing. There is no need to soak in antiseptics or smooth out defects. The material can be coated on top with a primer to increase adhesion. Then paint or paste over it. DSP is an excellent basis for carpet, linoleum, laminate, mosaic tiles, and other finishing materials.
Varieties
Classification of DSP:
- Arbolite. Universal, homogeneous, contain fine chips. They belong to lightweight concrete and are used for cladding facades, formwork, erecting partitions, and creating a base for floors. There are decorative types, embossed, painted to resemble stone or brick, which do not require additional coating.
- Xylolitic. These are plates of increased strength, with a high level of thermal insulation. They are used to cover floors. Wood shavings are quite large and are located in layers in the inner part of the canvas.
- Fibrolite. In the process of their production, long coniferous chip fibers are used, which contain a minimum amount of sucrose and other organic substances that affect cement. The slabs have a softer texture and high sound insulation. Fiberboard is suitable for interior work: installation, insulation of walls, construction of a base for ceilings.
Outdoor use
For the construction of formwork, facades, and fences, materials with maximum moisture resistance are chosen. DSPs are best suited for creating strip foundations.
The thickness of the slabs for external work is 12–40 mm. The service life of finished structures depends on weather conditions: amount of precipitation, difference in seasonal temperatures. On average it is about 15 years.
For external work, it is optimal to choose materials with an additional protective layer of moisture-resistant polystyrene foam and stone chips.
Before installing the formwork for the foundation, crushed stone is laid on the ground, then a layer of waterproofing. The concrete base is poured on top, the structure pins and drainage are installed.
When installing slabs, use tin ties, fastening them at the top and bottom of each sheet, at the corners and in the middle. This provides additional stability to the structure. The distance between the rows of lintels should be about 40 cm. All wood blanks are immediately removed after the concrete has hardened.
The seams are sealed with cement mortar.
To lift and secure the slabs at the required height, winches and stable scaffolding are required.
Formwork made from DSP is installed several times faster than from wood and other materials, and the results are much better.
Interior finishing and flooring
For interior work, sheets with a thickness of 4 mm or more are used. Slabs from 8 mm are suitable for rough and finishing installation of floors. It should be taken into account that the thermal insulation and noise-absorbing qualities of thicker sheets are higher.
Tools required for work:
- saws or hacksaws;
- spatulas;
- self-tapping screws;
- screwdriver;
- building level;
- tamping roller or picking blade;
- crushed stone, mastic, primer.
When installing slab floors, the base is pre-prepared. To do this, it is leveled and a layer of crushed stone is poured. If the subfloor is made of concrete, a substrate is laid on it or support beams are installed. Thermal insulation is placed in all existing voids. Bulk materials are preferable because they do not require cutting.
The slabs are mounted end-to-end, trying not to leave gaps or cracks. The seams are treated with sealant. If materials with low moisture resistance are used, an additional layer of waterproofing is placed underneath them. Then the finishing coat is applied.
Advantages and disadvantages of DSP
Cement-bonded particle board materials have the positive qualities of natural wood and stone. They:
- durable;
- resistant to adverse conditions, high and low temperatures;
- are not deformed;
- environmentally friendly, safe for health;
- absorb noise well;
- retain heat;
- not damaged by fungus, insects, rodents;
- durable;
- can be used in conditions of high humidity.
DSP production technologies make it possible to produce sheets with specified characteristics. This significantly reduces the time and costs of work. Practicality and versatility make CBPB a sought-after building material. With their help, you can quickly erect building frames and perform any types of finishing. The composite has versatile functions and eliminates the need for additional surface treatment. This allows you to significantly save money during construction and repairs.
Significant disadvantages of cement bonded particle boards include:
- high specific gravity. A standard sheet has a mass of 70 kg. This makes installation difficult. It is impossible to move the slabs alone. The heaviness of the material creates a high additional load on the supporting structures;
- DSPs are not plastic and are quite brittle. They cannot be bent, and with strong impacts they are easy to damage and break;
- During manual and mechanical processing, the material emits a large amount of dust, so it is necessary to use special protective equipment for the respiratory system and eyes. After interior finishing, thorough cleaning of the premises is required.
If all rules for storing and installing the material are followed, the disadvantages are completely offset by the existing advantages.
Material cost
The final price depends on the size, quantity of materials purchased, and manufacturer.
Retail cost of one slab made in Russia, with thickness:
- 8–10 mm - 900–1100 rub.;
- 16–20 mm - 1600–1950 rub.;
- over 20 mm - from 2000 rub.
Similar materials made in China are much cheaper, but do not have the necessary technical certification or quality assurance.
The construction of modern buildings requires increasingly advanced, versatile, high-quality and inexpensive materials. One of the latest developments in this direction is CBPB, which can roughly be called an improved version of particle boards.
Cement particle board as a building material
Cement particle board, which appeared on the building materials market relatively recently, has already been appreciated by many developers. Thanks to its excellent performance characteristics, with its help, dry installation of structures is carried out in buildings for various purposes.
DSPs are manufactured using the pressing method. Hardwood shavings (its share is 24%) are mineralized under the influence of special hydration additives (2.5%), after which Portland cement (65%) and water (8.5%) are added to it. As a result, a monolithic smooth slab emerges from the press, consisting of several layers with large fractions on the inside and small ones on the outside.
Types and characteristics
There are 3 types of DSP:
- fiberboard– heat-insulating material based on long-fiber shavings (“wood wool”). Soft, easy to process, resistant to biological factors;
- wood concrete– made from sawdust and small shavings. It has a wide range of applications (thermal insulation, finishing, material for wall partitions, etc.);
- xylolite(slab and cast). It has high strength, thermal insulation qualities and a wide range of colors, and is used as a floor covering.
Due to their water absorption, the slabs increase in size, so when installing, a gap is required between them
Pros and cons of slabs
The high popularity of DSPs is explained by their many advantages:
- if the installation was carried out in accordance with the technology requirements, The service life of the slabs can reach 50 years. Research results have shown that the material does not lose its beneficial properties even after repeated cycles of freezing and thawing. The boards also showed high resistance to moisture, fire and biological factors;
- multilayer structure provides high tensile and compressive strength characteristics of CBPB, which allow you to strengthen frame structures using slabs;
- slabs are often used as insulation, which is explained by their good heat and sound insulation qualities;
- processing the material is not difficult. He easy to drill and cut, its flat surface is excellent for applying putty, plaster and adhesive compositions, thanks to which the slabs are successfully used in the decoration of premises;
- exact dimensions of the slabs significantly speed up the installation process;
- the front side of the DSP can have not only a flat, but also a corrugated surface. This ensures a variety of room design;
- ecological cleanliness;
- relatively low cost.
There are significantly fewer disadvantages of cement-bonded particle boards:
- heavy material weight(about 14.5 kg per square meter), which significantly complicates the installation process. This is explained by the high density of CBPB (up to 1400 kg per cubic meter);
- low strength indicators bending, which sometimes leads to breakage of the slabs.
Scope of application
These slabs are used in large and private construction. They are used to build houses, utility rooms, use them indoors and outdoors, and even make furniture. The thinnest slabs (from 10 to 16 mm thick) are used for cladding the internal and external walls of buildings for various purposes. For fastening, it is necessary to first make a sheathing from wood or a metal profile. In addition to aesthetic This design can also serve thermal insulation purposes.. In this case, the space between the DSP and the wall is filled with insulation. This method is often used to modernize old buildings. Its advantages are simplicity and relative low cost. The permissible gap between the plates is up to 1 cm. The joints are sealed and overlays are attached over them.
The same DSP (up to 16 mm) also used for the manufacture of internal partitions. Due to their high moisture resistance characteristics, they are often installed in bathrooms and other similar rooms. The slabs are pre-primed, the surface and edges are treated with water-repellent materials. They are also used to produce balcony railings, cladding for fire-resistant doors, etc.
You can even make furniture from the best grades of DSP
From DSP from 12 to 24 mm perform permanent formwork for foundations in low-rise construction. The high strength of the slabs prevents their deformation when pouring the mortar. Another advantage of the design is its simplicity. If the DSP is painted or covered with a waterproof material, they can serve as vertical waterproofing.
Window sills made of cement-fiber boards fit perfectly into any interior. They have all the advantages of wood products, but at the same time they are much cheaper. The thickness of the slabs used for the production of window sill boards is 24-36 mm. They are not subject to deformation, durable, monolithic and affordable.
When arranging floors Cement particle boards successfully replace chipboards. If a floor made of CBPB is laid on logs, then the distance between them should be within 60 cm, and their cross-section should be at least 5x8 cm. CBPB with a thickness of 16 to 36 mm can act as a base, underlying, leveling or finishing layer with the front finishing. In some cases, they are used instead of cement screed, as well as in the construction of prefabricated floors on bulk soils (CBF slabs for floors with a thickness of 24-36 mm).
A base for a soft roof can be made from DSP. For this work, 16-24 mm slabs are used.
Installation methods
DSPs can be mounted in various ways depending on the purpose for which they are used. When finishing or insulating buildings, they are attached to the sheathing, made of metal profiles or wooden blocks, with self-tapping bolts or nails. The installation of permanent formwork also involves erection of the frame (given the large weight of the slabs, it, like the sheathing when finishing the walls, must be strong enough). In addition, the slabs can be laid on joists (when installing the floor) or rafters (under the roofing). For interior decoration they are also can be attached to the wall with mortar or mastic.
Release form and cost
DSP is sold in sheets packaged in bundles. Panel thickness varies from 8 to 36 mm. Dimensions can be (in mm): 2700x1250, 3200x1200, 3200x1250 and 3600x1200. The number of sheets in a pack depends on the dimensions.
The cost is set per square meter or per sheet. In the first case, it depends only on the thickness, in the second - on all panel parameters. The sizes of CBPB slabs for walls differ from those used for floors, but the price is approximately the same. The price per square meter of 8 mm DSP from different sellers starts from 150-250 rubles. The most massive slab (36 mm) will cost about 4-5 times more.
In terms of its useful properties (except, perhaps, only for weight), DSP is in no way inferior to its wood counterparts and even surpasses them. And the versatility of the material, combined with an affordable price, make it an almost ideal choice for construction and finishing work.
The construction of a house from fiber board in a month is described in this video: