Do-it-yourself change house for the dacha. DIY cabins construction trailers. Houses made of timber, advantages and disadvantages

A change house is a small house that can be easily transported on a trailer. truck. The change house is used as temporary housing for builders, or a garden (dacha) house during the construction of a full-fledged dacha. The advantage of a homemade cabin is that it is inexpensive and provides at least a minimum level of comfort, so it is well suited for temporary living. There are wooden and metal cabins, read about the latter on this site. The cost of cabins that can be bought on construction market or in stores, starts from 30 thousand rubles (size 2x3 meters), so many people prefer to make a change house themselves. This will not only save at least a third of the amount, but also make the change house more convenient for yourself. In this article we will talk about building a cabin with your own hands from the most available materials.

How the change house works

Any change house consists of the following elements:

• frame;
• roof;
• exterior decoration;
• insulation;
• interior decoration;
• window;
• doors.

Frame

The frame is the basis of any shed; it is what determines its size and shape. The strength of the cabin, its ability to withstand wind and any other loads depends on it. To make the frame they use different materials- from debarked logs to galvanized steel profiles, but the most popular material remains sawn dry board 25 mm thick and 100 mm wide. To create a frame 6 meters long and 3 meters wide, 60–100 meters of board are needed, which is 0.15–0.25 meters³.

With the average cost of such a board being 10 thousand rubles, 2.5 thousand rubles are enough for boards for the frame. Metallic profile and wooden beams are much more expensive. And the cost of ready-made cabins of this size starts from 40 thousand rubles.

Roof

The roof is made of dry boards 25x100 mm. To create a gable roof 1 meter high for a cabin 6 meters long and 3 meters wide, 100 meters of boards are enough, which will cost 2.5 thousand rubles. This board is used to make triangles that form the ceiling joists and roof rafters. For a change house 6 meters long, 7–8 such triangles are enough. From above, the triangles are connected by one board - a ridge. After this, the resulting roof frame is sheathed with the same board or OSB sheets (oriented particle board). The board is stronger, but more expensive.

If gable roof is perceived as unnecessary luxury, then they make a pitched roof, the cost of creating which is a quarter less. Such a roof consists of triangles formed by the ceiling joists, the gable wall and the roof rafters. Then the roof frame is also sheathed with OSB sheets or boards. After completing these works, the roof is covered with a roofing, which uses the following materials:

• roofing felt;
• slate;
• roofing iron;
• galvanized iron;
• metal profile.

Exterior decoration

For exterior decoration they use the most various materials. The most popular are:

• roofing iron;
• plastic and metal siding;
• moisture-resistant plywood or OSB;
• clapboard board.

Each material has advantages and disadvantages. Roofing iron is very cheap, but on a wooden frame it begins to rattle under strong winds. Plastic or metal siding is durable and beautiful, but is much more expensive than any other materials. Moisture-resistant plywood or OSB are inexpensive, but they must be treated with water-repellent compounds at least once every two years. The lining board creates a beautiful and stylish appearance, but is expensive and requires treatment with hydrophobic compounds at least once every 2–3 years.

Insulation

To insulate a cabin, use:

• Styrofoam;
• foamed cellophane;
• mineral wool;
• polyurethane;
• ecowool;
• wood concrete;
• fiberboard

Interior decoration

• For interior decoration most often used:
• Fiberboard (fibreboard);
• drywall;
• carriage board.

The finishing material is chosen based on the desired interior of the cabin and the cost of materials.

Windows and doors

In most cases, either new or dismantled but fully functional windows and doors are used for change houses. Such windows and doors can be purchased inexpensively at some hardware stores that accept them on consignment. It is advisable to clean a new window or used door from old paint and repaint. There is no need to paint new windows and doors.

How to make a change house - step-by-step guide and drawing

Below we will tell you how to make a change house with dimensions of 2.2x3x2.2 meters (width, length, height), one window and one door. Here are the materials you will need for this:

• sawn board 25x100 mm – 0.5 m³;
• Moisture-resistant OSB with a thickness of 9–15 mm and a size of 2.44x1.22 meters - 20 sheets;
• plywood 5–7 mm thick or fiberboard of the same thickness – 7–8 m²;
• roofing material 7–10 m²;
• fine wave slate (used in good condition) 7 waves – 5 sheets;
• used wooden window and door, completely ready for installation;
• foam insulation 10 cm thick or any other area of ​​32 m²;
• floor and ceiling plinth 22–25 meters;
• galvanized ridge - 8 meters;
• hydrophobic impregnation with an antiseptic (for example, Senezh OgneBio);
• brush or roller;
• self-tapping screws of various lengths;
• nails of various lengths;
• reinforcing corners made of galvanized sheet metal 0.4–0.9 mm thick.

Required Tools

You will also need the following tools:

• electric circular saw;
• drill with a set of drills for wood and metal;
• screwdriver;
• jigsaw;
• grinder with a disc for stone;
• extension;
• electric generator (if it is not possible to connect to a 220 volt network);
• tape measure 5 meters long;
• hammer;
• axe;
• chisels;
• stapler;
• sharp knife;
• wood hacksaw;
• pliers;
• level;
• square;
• protractor;
• pencil;
• construction tape.

Step-by-step instruction

1. Cut the following elements from a 25x100 mm board:

• vertical posts 230 cm long – 12 pcs;
• floor joists 220 cm long - 7 pieces;
• ceiling and roof logs 260 cm long – 7 pcs;
• roof rafters 3 meters long - 7 pieces;
• roof supports 120 cm long - 7 pieces;
• vertical roof posts 20 cm long – 7 pcs;
• cross boards 305 mm long – 7–8 pcs;
• cross boards 220 cm long – 15–20 pcs.

1. Treat all cut elements with hydrophobic materials. Perform the same operation with other wooden parts, which you will cut from boards, plywood, fiberboard or OSB.
2. Place two vertical posts on the ground parallel to each other at a distance of 220 cm from each other (measure the distance from the far sides). Place the ceiling joist along one edge so that it protrudes the same distance in both directions.
3. Using a square, align the boards relative to each other so that all angles are equal to 90 degrees.
4. Nail the ceiling joist to each board using nails 70–90 mm long. The nails must go right through.
5. From the bottom edge vertical racks step back 15 cm and lay the floor joist.
6. Align all corners with a square and nail the joist to both vertical posts with nails 70–90 mm long.
7. TO leading edge ceiling joists, place the vertical roof post at an angle of 90 degrees and nail them with two nails 70–90 mm long.
8. Connect the top of the vertical roof post and the back of the ceiling joist using a rafter so that the top edge of the rafter runs along top corner ceiling joist and the outer corner of the upright, then nail in place.
9. Install a support from the corner between the ceiling joist and the vertical roof post and rafter, then nail it in place.
10. Turn the structure over and use pliers to bend the ends of the protruding nails into an “L” shape.
11. Have a helper hold the head of each nail with an ax so you can drive the bent nails into the boards. Do not try to simply bend the nails with a hammer, this type of connection is very fragile, be sure to bend their ends in an “L” shape first.
12. If necessary, cut off the protruding piece of the lid support.
13. You need to make 5 such structures. Then make two more structures, but without the front vertical post; you will place them where you will install windows and doors.
14. Determine the most comfortable spot installation of cross boards. We recommend placing the bottom board under the door so that the door rests on it, placing the top board directly above the door, and the middle one approximately between them. Another option is also possible, for example, placing the bottom one directly above the floor joists, the top one directly under the ceiling joists, and the middle one between them.
15. Mark the locations for them on each structure and select a groove for their installation. To do this, use a jigsaw to cut 25 mm deep cuts at the end of the vertical board, the distance between the cuts is 100 mm, then carefully chop the wood with a chisel. If for some reason it is impossible to make such grooves, then double the number of transverse boards and nail them directly to the ends of the vertical posts, with the exception of the boards passing through the window and door.
16. Place each structure vertically (as it should stand in the frame of the house), level it and nail a cross board to it.
17. Nail the side cross boards to the vertical posts at a distance of 30–40 cm from each other.
18. Nail vertical boards at 50 cm intervals to the side transverse boards; they will create a frame for interior decoration and insulation.
19. From inside the change house, nail braces to the transverse boards, installing them at an angle of no less than 30 and no more than 60 degrees, which will increase the rigidity of the structure. It is advisable to install at least 2 braces on each wall. The optimal length of the braces is 80–120 cm. Use nails 70 mm long to fix the braces and bend them as described above.
20. Place the change house on its side and hem the floor joists from below with plywood or OSB with a thickness of at least 6 mm. This is necessary for laying the insulation, then install the change house normally again.
21. To insert a window and door, nail horizontal spacers to the vertical posts (they must be installed level), the distance between which is 2–5 mm greater than the height of the window and door frames.
22. Insert windows and doors, support their frames with wood chips and make sure that the panel and sash open and close normally. After this, secure with self-tapping screws. To do this, drill holes in the horizontal boards of the box according to the diameter of the screws, and in the spacers, drill holes with a diameter 2 times smaller than the diameter of the screw. Then tighten the screws and make sure that the door leaf and window frame open and close normally.
23. From the inside of the cabin, line the ceiling with OSB sheets, then tightly lay insulation on these sheets from the roof side.
24. Lay a 25x100 mm board decking on the roof joists. We recommend using solid flooring when there are no gaps between the boards. It is more expensive, but provides better heat and sound insulation.
25. Lay sheets of roofing felt over the flooring and secure them with a stapler.
26. Lay slate on the roof.
27. Cover the gable with a 25x100 mm board, laying the boards without gaps. Drill 6–8 holes with a diameter of 20 mm in the lower gable boards; they will provide sufficient air movement for ventilation.
28. At the front and sides, cover the joints between the pediment and the slate with a galvanized ridge.
29. Sheathe the outside of the change house with OSB sheets, trying not to allow gaps larger than 0.5 mm. If cracks appear, they will need to be sealed with putty made from PVA glue and sawdust.
30. Cut the foam to size and insert it from the inside of the cabin into the space between the vertical boards and secure it with construction tape. Then line the space between the floor joists with foam. Sew the floor with a 25x100 mm board. If it is possible to cover the floor with a thicker board, take advantage. Lay OSB over the floorboard.
31. Sheathe the inside of the walls with OSB.
32. Install floor and ceiling plinths. If necessary, you can install plinths in the corners to hide the cracks.
33. Treat the inside and outside of the cabin with hydrophobic agents and fire bioprotection.

Conclusion

Now you know what tools and materials are needed to build a shed, so with minimal construction and carpentry skills, you can build a shed yourself. Is our step by step guide By self-construction change house will help you avoid many mistakes and severe waste of material.

If you have become the happy owner of a summer cottage, but the construction of a house is still ahead, you need to take care of a small utility room - a change house. The change house is useful for storing tools, building materials, work clothes and just for relaxing after a hard day at work. Of course, you can already purchase finished design and put it on the site, but building a shed with your own hands will cost much less, and besides, a wise owner of a suburban area will never miss the opportunity to gain useful experience and skills. In this article you will find step-by-step instructions for making cabins.

A change house is a utility room in the form of a small house where you can store all kinds of garden tools and construction supplies. But there are no clear rules for using a shed - you can turn it into a shed for storing unnecessary things or turn it into a cozy guest house. Depending on the future purpose of the cabin, the features of its construction also differ. So, if this is a tool shed, then there is no need to insulate it too thoroughly. And, on the contrary, if you plan to accommodate guests or relatives in the cabin, isolation and improvement should be approached in a special way.

In some cases, you can make it out of a change house small garage For garden equipment or a motorcycle. With the onset of cold weather, many people move poultry, bees or rabbits there, placing the animals for the winter. However, regardless of how you use the change house, it will come in handy in any case.

Types of cabins

There are several design options for cabins depending on the construction technology. This, in turn, determines the cost of work and the operational characteristics of the building.

There are the following types of cabins:

To save time, you can purchase a used cabin, but in this case, pay attention to the degree of wear. Carefully inspect the structure outside and inside. Keep in mind that the cost of transportation and crane rental will be added to its cost. Before you even decide to buy old cabin, add up all the amounts of upcoming costs and compare them with the cost of building materials - perhaps building a change house with your own hands will be cheaper and easier.

Construction technology

Despite the fact that the change house is considered a secondary utility room, its construction should be approached responsibly. And the best place to start is with a drawing. The layout of the change house should include the dimensions of the walls, the area of ​​the roof, floor, insulating layers and points of attachment of elements. With the help of a sketch, you can imagine how the structure will look on the site and how it can fit into the landscape. Only after creating a detailed drawing of the cabin (or even several) can you calculate the required amount of materials (add 15% of the stock to the received amount) and go to the store.

If you plan to store in a shed garden tools or construction tools, there is no need for windows there. In the event that it will serve as a guest house or summer kitchen, it is better to take care of a full natural light(will help save on electricity).

Speaking of electrification of cabins. Electrical wiring should also be shown on the drawing (preferably on a separate one). More information you will find on this topic in articles and.

Where to put the change house?

When all the building materials have been purchased, you need to choose a place to install the change house. First of all, you should consider the duration of use of the building and the possibility of moving it to another location if necessary. For example, if you are going to build summer house for a couple of seasons, and then transport it to another site or sell it. In this case, it is better to locate the change house closer to the entrance to the site or provide vehicle access to it.

It is also necessary to think through all options for using the structure. If gardening equipment and tools will be stored in the shed, it is better to place it closer to the center of the site and create easy access from all sides. If you make a bathhouse out of a cabin, you can “hide” it in a secluded corner of the garden behind the trees. The farther the cabin-sauna is from a residential building, the better in terms of fire safety.

If the change house is planned to be used as a greenhouse, it is better to choose the highest and sunny place Location on. However, regardless of the purpose of the building, a site should be prepared for it.

How to install a change house:

1. The selected area must be cleared of weed and any vegetation.
2. Next you should remove fertile layer soil. Depending on the characteristics of the soil, the thickness of the turf can range from 15 to 30 cm.
3. Having leveled the site, you need to cover it with construction polyethylene (a film 200 microns thick is quite suitable). It is not recommended to use greenhouse film because it is not strong enough. The film layer should cover the entire area under the future cabin and extend to the edges by 20 cm on each side. Film is the simplest waterproofing for the foundation. You shouldn’t feel sorry for it, much less neglect this step, otherwise in 2-3 years you will notice signs of destruction of the foundation.
4. A mixture of river sand and crushed stone should be poured on top of the film in a layer of 20 cm. This will fix the waterproofing and at the same time level the surface.
5. To ensure that sedimentary water moves farther away from the cabin without hindrance and does not linger near it, you can make a slight slope around the building of 2 cm per meter.

Cabin foundation

A change house is not a very heavy structure, no matter what materials are used, so there is no point in pouring a powerful, expensive foundation under it. The best option is a columnar base. It's inexpensive, fast and quite simple. Plus, the columnar foundation leaves a ventilation gap in the underground, which extends the life of the building.

Helpful advice: If it seems to you that the change house on such a foundation will not be warm enough, there is an excellent solution - create formwork around the perimeter, pour the solution over the entire area to create a border 7-10 cm high. This is quite enough to properly insulate the floor. Use expanded clay as floor insulation.

In our case, concrete blocks are used as pillars, but they can be made of brick, reinforced concrete and other materials. You will find more information on this topic in the article.

Progress:

1. Install concrete pillar blocks in accordance with the shed plan.
2. Cover the top ends of the posts roll waterproofing(regular roofing material will do).
3. Using a timber for the base and a building level, adjust the horizontal position of the pillars so that they are strictly in the same plane.

Cabin frame

As you already understand, we are building frame cabin, the material for the base of which was a timber with a section of 100x150 mm. You can take a little thinner - 100x100 mm or 100x120 mm.

How to make a change house:

Roof of the cabin

How to make a roof for a shed:

The roofing material can be anything you like. In our case, this is ondulin - practical and inexpensive. If the change house is residential, the roof should be carefully insulated, since it is through it that most of the heat usually escapes. To do this, first attach a vapor barrier to the sheathing, then insulation, waterproofing film, and only after that - finishing coat(corrugated sheeting, ondulin, metal tiles, etc.).

House windows and doors

As for windows and doors, they should be installed in the same way, focusing on the functionality of the structure. Even if you are going to store shovels and rakes in the shed, you should make at least one ventilation window for ventilation, otherwise mold will very quickly grow inside.

The location of windows and doors should be established at the time of design, so that during the construction of the frame, additional reinforcing racks can be installed in the openings. If you forgot to include them in the project, then you can organize the openings after the construction of the frame. During operation, be sure to use laser level or water level to avoid distortions.

Cabin floor

With an uninsulated floor in a change house, everything is clear - make a plank flooring and you're done. Another thing is to make the floor so that you can walk on it without shoes in winter and not be afraid of getting sick. To do this, you must first lay the subfloor, then the insulation and the finishing coating.

Expanded clay, vermiculite, polystyrene foam boards or mineral wool can be used as insulation. To eliminate drafts from under the door, it is better to make a threshold at the entrance. It can be cut into the base beam itself or attached separately by nailing a strip.

How to build a floor in a shed:

Insulation and finishing

To make the change house warm and cozy, the walls need to be properly insulated. To do this, first cover the entire surface with thick plastic film– it will protect the interior from wind and moisture.

Then you can lay down the insulation and cover it again with film for additional protection. In principle, this process is no different from insulating a roof or floor. For exterior wall cladding, you can choose siding or other weather-resistant material. The widest range allows you to choose an exterior finishing option that will fit into any landscape.

The inside of the change house can be lined with clapboard or the interior can be made more comfortable by upholstering the walls with wooden panels. All those finishing options that are used in ordinary residential premises are acceptable here: wallpaper, paint, plaster, tiles, etc.

As for household amenities (lighting, water supply, sewerage), they must be taken into account when creating a drawing. The articles “” and “” will help you understand these questions.

The construction of cabins in practice is not so difficult. And if you are planning to build a residential building with your own hands, then a change house will be an excellent training before a large-scale undertaking.

Change houses: photo

Many people have summer cottages outside the city, but not all of them are equipped for living. Some use the land as a vegetable garden, while others are just planning to build a house on it. But coming to the dacha in the morning and then leaving in the evening back to the city is not convenient for everyone, and sometimes you don’t even want to. After all, spend time away from the bustle of the city, enjoy fresh air and the singing of birds in the garden is a pleasure.

But to come to the dacha and stay there for a while, you will need shelter. The construction of a full-fledged residential building will take a lot of time and money, but equipping a small country house from a change house will appeal to every owner of a country plot of land.

A house from a change house can become either a permanent place of residence in a country house during the warm season, or temporary while a full-fledged residential building is being built. It is worth noting that you can live in a change house throughout the entire calendar year if you equip it with heating, electricity and water supply. And after the construction of the cottage is completed, the cabin can be sold or left as utility room. Read more about what a change house is, what it is made of and how such a country house is used in our article.

A small country house from a change house, equipped open terrace

Types of cabins

Manufacturers offer quite a wide range of cabins that can be equipped with everything necessary for both permanent and temporary residence. According to their purpose, cabins are divided into:

intended for country utility premises;

residential cabins for temporary residence of workers or the owner himself.

can play the role of a manager’s or foreman’s office.

Change houses also come in construction, country and block containers, and according to their design they are divided into:

frame.

• lumber.

Most often, the cabins are manufactured at the factory and if you decide to order them, they will be delivered by truck already assembled. As for the dimensions of the cabins, they are calculated so that the structure can easily fit into the back of a truck or trailer.

Features of block containers

For some reason, the very word “container” is immediately associated with metal and the idea appears that it will be very hot in the summer and cold in the winter. But not all containers are metal; moreover, their walls and ceilings are insulated and finished both inside and outside. Manufacturers of modular containers take utmost care to ensure that the use of such cabins is as comfortable as possible.

Metal container block used as a utility unit

As mentioned above, block containers are not only made of metal, they are also made of wood. Metal structures are most often used as construction sheds, standard sizes which are 2.5x6 m, and the ceiling height is 2.2 m. As has already become clear, the frame of such cabins consists of metal, the outside of the structure is finished with galvanized corrugated sheets, and the inside is covered with dry wooden paneling, PVC panels or fiberboard, MDF paneling or hardboard. Mineral wool is used as insulation. The doors of the cabin are made of fiberboard, and the windows, measuring 1x1.2 m, are equipped with double glazed windows. Buyers are given the opportunity to install partitions in the change house to create several rooms.

Manufacturers of metal block containers provide a five-year warranty on the operation of the cabin.

People most often buy a residential trailer made of wood when they are going to build a summer house or to live in them on suburban area in the warm season during vacation. Therefore, such cabins are also called “country houses”. Wooden block containers are also used as utility units, summer kitchens, or equipped with everything necessary for year-round living.

Wood structures are much warmer and lighter than metal ones. Wooden lining is used as finishing both outside and inside. As for the dimensions of the cabin and the size of the windows, they are the same for metal and wooden block containers.

Block containers can be used for more than fifteen years. Entire modular houses are built from such cabins by connecting them together and removing partitions. And if you put the structures on top of each other, you will get a two-story house.

On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer house design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

A small country house made of two block containers with a canopy and an open terrace on the second floor

Country cabins

Like block containers, country cabins are made of metal and wood.

The latter are best used for living in the warm season, and metal cabins are excellent for year-round use. Metal structures, thanks to corrugated sheeting, better withstand changes in weather conditions.

The interior of the country cabins is finished with fiberboard or wooden lining. Last option finishing is more suitable for permanent residence. Country cabins have separate rooms, a utility block, a toilet and a shower, and this is their main feature.

Wooden country houses, in turn, are divided into frame, panel and timber.

Panel dacha cabins

Most cheap look wooden country house - panel house. Such structures are not designed for long-term use, but due to their low cost they are in great demand among summer residents during the construction of a house. For the exterior finishing of panel structures, they do not use solid lining, but the inside of the walls is sheathed with fiberboard.

Foam plastic or glass wool is used as insulation. The floor in the cabin is made of planks, 21 mm thick, and the roof is iron. Country panel houses are highly susceptible to change geometric dimensions, since their design does not provide stiffeners.

Frame-type country cabins

The most optimal option in terms of price and quality is a frame country house. A wooden beam measuring 50x50 mm is used as a base, giving the structure stability and the ability to withstand loads.

The final cost of a frame cabin depends on the material used for interior and exterior decoration. Manufacturers offer a choice of fiberboard, plywood or lining.

Important! The most expensive finishing option is lining, which, if the cabin shrinks, does not swell or bulge like other materials, which also absorb moisture well and change their geometric dimensions.

The floor in the frame change house is double - consists of rough and finishing floor boards measuring 32 mm. A layer is used as insulation for walls, floors and ceilings. mineral wool 50 mm thick. The structure also has a vapor barrier - glassine or polyethylene film.

Summer cottages made of timber

The most expensive, but at the same time more durable, is a country house made of coniferous timber measuring 100x150 mm. Wall decoration in this design is usually not provided, and the ceiling, doors and internal partitions of the country house are made of lining. Manufacturers offer to choose the type of roof - single- or double-slope, but the first is usually used for buildings up to 5 m.

If a log cabin is installed in an area where the winter air temperature does not drop below -10 degrees, then you can do without additional insulation of the structure, but only on condition that the manufacturing process. If the timber is tightly laid and secured with metal staples, and the seams are insulated with tow or flax, only in this case can you count on high strength and heat retention inside the room.

How change houses are equipped for a residential building

For comfortable stay cabins made from cabins are equipped with all necessary communications, divided total area into rooms, connecting several cabins into one solid structure. Minimal amount premises in a country house:

• kitchen;
• bedroom;
• bathroom;
• utility block

The bedroom in the country house can be equipped under the ceiling

If more than two people live in a cabin, then due to limited space in the bedroom they install bunk beds, for this, a room width of 2.5 meters is quite enough. Country houses made from cabins must be connected to the following communications:

• electricity;
• water supply;
• sewerage

To prevent the occurrence emergency situations, communications must be connected by specialists.

In a country house, it is necessary to make heating out of a change house, which is often a conventional stove on solid fuel. If available backup source electricity in case of a power outage, then heat the cabin using electric heaters.

Video description

Watch the video for a selection of country houses from cabins:

It is possible to install a hot water boiler and a radiator system. This option is especially convenient when the house is built from two or more cabins. In this case, one boiler is sufficient, in which the heated coolant will be transferred through pipes to the combined rooms.

Country house made from a cabin, equipped with a solid fuel stove

The advantage of using several cabins on the site is the possibility of combining them with each other without compromising strength.

The use of two cabins, which are installed at a distance of 3 m from each other, allows you to significantly increase living space house. When equipped with such country house You can accommodate significantly more people due to the fact that the kitchen and bathroom will be equipped in a separate shed.

To ensure that the space between the containers is also used for its intended purpose, two walls are made that will unite the cabins, and a common roof is mounted on top. Thus, the house turns out to be quite suitable for living throughout the year.

The space between the cabins can be used not only for living, but also for placing a car. In this case, instead of one wall connecting the cabins, it is necessary to install a gate. Also, the middle part can be used as a storage room or workshop.

Video description

The construction of a house from several cabins is clearly shown:

If a house consisting of two cabins will be used by only one or two people, then it is advisable to heat only one cabin and use the rest of the space exclusively for economic purposes.

A house of two cabins with a common gable roof

A house of two cabins with an open terrace in the middle

Variants of houses from cabins - photo examples

When choosing a house from cabins, you can go through projects endlessly, especially if you want something original and comfortable. Manufacturers of cabins offer consumers a huge number of different functional options for country houses, from standard to large and two-tiered. If you order several cabins at once to furnish one house, you will be offered many ready-made solutions for connecting them.

In the photo below is a project of a change house with a canopy. By extending the roof a little, you can arrange a canopy that will protect front door from precipitation. Aesthetically, this design looks much better than a standard change house.

If the cabins are placed at right angles, as in the photo below, you will get a very interesting design.

From several cabins you can make a permanent modular structure suitable for year-round use.

If you need to accommodate a large number of people in a small area, you can install a two-story building.

Multi-storey buildings can be built from cabin modules to accommodate workers.

Conclusion

Cabin houses are very popular. Firstly, this is an inexpensive and convenient option for temporary residence, housing workers, equipping a summer kitchen in a private household or utility room. Secondly, several cabins make quite original houses for permanent residence. And most importantly, the cabins are mobile; if you need to move your cabin to another site or even to another city, this is easy to do by hiring a truck.

Dacha owners want a structure for storing equipment on their property. Many people decide to make a suitable structure - a barn or a shed - with their own hands; step-by-step instructions are given below. The purpose of the room may be different (depending on the needs of the owner of the site); some believe that it will serve as a bathroom, shower room, and utility room. But most summer residents need a shed only for storing tools and equipment, in some cases - for storing beehives or cages for rabbits. This suggests that the building must be practical from all sides. Based on the needs, the types of frame cabins are chosen:

• made of wood;
• metal;
• portable.

A wooden frame is excellent for constructing a structure designed to last for many years. At the end of the work, it can be brought to the dacha, assembled on site and left as a utility room, or equipped with other functions, a foundation, etc. The frame is erected from wooden beams measuring 100x100 mm. With frequent transportation, the structure quickly loses its original qualities, but such buildings are environmentally friendly pure material, good thermal insulation and a relatively low price.

Change house with metal frame

This is one of the successful options for erecting a single building on summer cottage. Such a change house consists of a wooden frame built into a metal frame welded from channels and angles. The metal frame reliably protects the wooden part of the structure from deformation, so the cabin can be moved over long distances without fear.

This version of a built change house is rarely considered as an object for independent construction, but sometimes a replacement for it cannot be thought of.

Transportable cabins

There are 2 options for transportable buildings for domestic needs. The first is made of metal, and the second is made of wood. The wooden structure differs from previous options in that it is completely absent decorative finishing. The structure has a simplified interior design. As load-bearing beams wooden beams 150x100 mm or more are used. In order to install a change house, no additional preparation is needed and hard binding structures to the soil.

Metal cabins are very reminiscent of trailers placed on construction sites. A well-assembled metal cabin can last up to 15 years with constant movement from place to place. The frame of such structures is usually made of profiled pipe. The walls are covered with thermal and waterproofing, and the interior of the room is covered with chipboard. For more convenient use, light, water, and heating are installed in the trailer with your own hands. The disadvantages of this design include high cost material, heavy weight and the need to constantly monitor the condition of the outer cladding, so making a block container with your own hands is quite difficult.

Projects of cabins

Among all existing ones, the most practical are considered to be cabins measuring 6x3 m. For each case, it is not difficult to create an individual project for a cabin, starting from a standard design. If the building is planned for temporary residence, partitions and openings must be added to the main structure layout. An ordinary 6x3 cabin has separate rooms:

• basic - 3x4.5 m with heating and other amenities;
• intermediate - 1.5x1.5 m, used as a corridor;
• corner - for arranging a toilet, shower, etc.

The roofing of structures for domestic needs is made only from corrugated sheets.

Shelter frame diagram

The main frame of the cabin is made of 2 rectangular wooden blocks measuring 100x100 mm. They are connected to each other by vertical posts 6 m long and 3 m wide. The lower rectangle must be strengthened with a central longitudinal beam. Stuffed on top cross beams for a floor made of timber 50x100 mm with a step width of 0.6 m. To get a pitched roof, the height between the front and rear posts must differ by 0.5 m. With a standard ceiling height in the change house, the posts located in the front should be 2.8 m, and the rear ones - 2.3 m. In addition, 2 additional vertical posts made of 50x100 mm timber are needed on all end sides of the structure. The location of the racks should correspond to the locations of doors and windows.

It is necessary to install diagonal braces from 100x40 mm timber to the top of each corner. Auxiliary corner posts that are not secured by window and door openings should be equipped with additional braces. The rafters are made of 50x100 mm timber, which are evenly distributed throughout the entire frame in increments of 0.6 m, while part of the rafters should extend beyond the level of the frame on both sides by 30 cm. The outer rafters should be secured to the upper end beams with transverse boards.

Making a change house is not a complicated process, and therefore does not require specific knowledge or expensive tools. But this does not mean at all that having mastered the theory of how to make a change house, you will not encounter certain difficulties. The amount of installation work suggests that independent construction of premises for domestic needs may require at least a month.

How to build a change house: construction instructions

To build a change house yourself, you need to adhere to a certain scheme that will avoid confusion during the work process. For these purposes it is necessary step by step instructions, which will allow you to perform all actions in in the right order:

1. Selecting a location. Before starting installation work, it is necessary to select a suitable site. It is advisable that it be located on level ground. This will avoid additional earthworks.

2. Preparing the site for the foundation. Initially, you need to remove a layer of earth 30 cm deep around the entire perimeter of the cabin. When preparing the site for the foundation, it should be taken into account that it must extend beyond the building at a distance of 0.5 m. Sand must be poured in place of the removed layer of soil and compacted thoroughly.

3. Installation. The foundation on which the cabin will be built can be made of concrete blocks, brick, stone, metal supports. At this stage of construction, everything depends on how long the building should stand. If you are installing concrete or iron pillars, the depth for the supports should be at least 30 cm. To install a 6x3 cabin, you will need 12 pillars laid in 4 rows.

4. Attaching the frame to the posts. Before laying the crown, the pillars must be equipped with waterproofing. The base should consist of 5 beams measuring 150x100 mm: three longitudinal and two transverse, which must be aligned and securely anchored to the posts.

5. Installation of the bottom trim. A beam with a cross section of 100x100 mm is laid around the perimeter of the structure. The strapping does not apply to the middle beam. After completing the installation work, a step measuring 50 mm should appear along the entire inner edge of the base.

6.Installation of logs. To install floor joists, you need a 50x100 mm beam, which is installed edge down at 3 longitudinal beams crown To do this, you need to install them in the prepared slots in the lower trim.

7. Installation of vertical corner posts . Before fixing racks made of timber measuring 100x100 mm, they must be leveled using a building level and secured with a temporary double-sided brace.

8. Installation top harness . The rear and end posts must be mounted at the same level. The front beam needs to be positioned slightly higher than the others.

After completing this work, you can install horizontal bars measuring 50x50 mm, which will limit the window and door openings. Temporary rack braces must be replaced with permanent ones made from 100x40 mm boards. Next you need to install the rafter system, sheathing and secure the roofing material. We proceed to the installation of the subfloor, for which a tongue-and-groove board measuring 150x30 mm is perfect. It is necessary to lay waterproofing and insulation on the subfloor. Next, you can start installing the flooring across the joists, for which a 150x40 mm edged board is used. You can use lining as the external cladding of the cabin, edged board, thick plywood and other materials.

Interior The premises are usually sheathed with chipboard, fibreboard, plywood sheets or clapboard. The partitions are installed from 50x50 mm timber by attaching them to the ceiling and floor, followed by cladding. After everything installation work completed, you can move on to the final arrangement of the shed, which consists of decorative works.

Any adult who is more or less familiar with the basics can assemble or make a change house with their own hands. frame construction and having at least some experience with tools. Arrangement of a compact, light and well-insulated residential building with an area of ​​15-20 m2 will require at least a week for the box, and 3-4 days for finishing the trailer, connecting light, sewerage and water.

Does it make sense to build a change house with your own hands?

There are several ways to get a residential trailer for the temporary residence of a small team of construction workers. The situation is usually complicated by the fact that you will have to live in a change house in the winter in a suburban area, when the dacha or house itself, as such, does not yet exist, or is just being built.

The problem of changing houses for workers is solved in several ways:

Most construction companies prefer to sell their standard trailers, heated trailers, and living boxes, which are produced on the market. Therefore, hope that the company will agree to make or build a good quality change house according to individual project and an acceptable price, there is no need at all.

In terms of price, a typical 6x3 m residential trailer costs $1100-1200, plus delivery and installation will require another 10% of the cost. If you add the costs of making a foundation and sewerage, it turns out that it is easier and cheaper to build a change house with your own hands. High-quality, solid, according to your taste and layout.

What can you build a cabin from?

Before planning construction, it would be right to think and select such an option for the change house project so that after completion construction work on a suburban plot, turn a trailer into a useful household space. For example, refurbish a bathhouse or build a summer kitchen, or even a small garage for a vehicle.

More often, country houses are built according to several standard schemes:

• Frame building made of boards, wooden beams and lumber;
• A change house with a metal frame and a subfloor base;
• Construction from OSB boards and panel materials;
• Panel board or temporary housing made of plywood;
• A warm version of a cabin made of sandwich panels.

Any of the listed schemes is quite accessible to even a novice carpenter or carpenter to build a residential block with his own hands. If you have no construction experience at all, then you can find step-by-step instructions that will help you make a change house with your own hands without making gross mistakes, and the quality of workmanship depends entirely on your attitude to the work. It’s clear that for your needs, you don’t need to force anyone to make a residential trailer efficiently and efficiently.

Wooden cabin

Most often, prudent owners plan to build a trailer or temporary living block with further plans to use the room as a bathhouse or summer kitchen. In this case, it is best to build a shed from timber 70-90 mm thick.

The box is installed on a permanent foundation made of concrete or bored piles. The walls of the change house are assembled according to traditional technology laying wooden beams.

Customers prefer to build the roof, window and door openings, and the floor of the cabin according to a temporary plan, for shrinkage. A residential block without any insulation with mineral wool or penoplex provides comfortable living conditions from May to October, during the period of the most intensive work at the dacha. It is at this time that most construction has to be done on a suburban site.

For your information! It is more expensive to build a change house from timber than to buy a ready-made standard version of a residential block or trailer.

The benefits of such a solution are calculated for the future. In just a year or a year and a half, when the dacha box has been built, rough cladding has been completed and electricity has been connected, the log cabin, which has completely completed the shrinkage processes, can be converted into a bathhouse or summer kitchen with a clear conscience.

Panel change house

The vast majority of inexpensive standard trailers or residential blocks are manufactured using a panel design. Most of the wall, floor, roof and interior trim parts are cut on woodworking machines and sold as a kit. All that remains is to transport the purchased change house to the site and build it according to the attached assembly diagram.

Features of panel residential premises include:

• Simplicity and high speed assemblies. In order to build a panel shed, you will need a screwdriver with a double set of batteries, a saw and several hundred wood screws;
• Low price for the building. On average, a panel structure costs 20% less than classic frame and metal trailers - cabins;
• A minimal amount, and sometimes a complete absence of insulation.

The walls of the residential block are made of sheet plywood, with virtually no frame; only the corners, ceiling and floor are sewn from timber. The rigidity and stability of the shed room is ensured only due to the strength plywood sheets. Often strong storm wind can easily deform and sometimes break the structure.

For your information! Panel structures of change houses are often used by unscrupulous shabatniks in order to build living quarters and blocks for urgent orders in the shortest possible time.

The box assembled from plywood is insulated with mineral wool and lined with clapboard or sheet metal profiles. The result is beautiful building, but absolutely weak and practically unsuitable for habitation.

Change house made of OSB boards

Approximately 60% of all summer cottages are built in the form of frame structures covered with OSB boards. A material similar in properties to plywood, but at the same time much cheaper, perfectly withstands atmospheric moisture, has best warmth and soundproofing. The strength of OSB boards is lower, so it will not be possible to build a panel shed from them; the walls of the residential block will simply delaminate and fall apart under load.

You can make a wonderful frame shed from OSB boards. It is somewhat more expensive to build a room box from panels, since the wooden frame made of timber is insulated with polystyrene foam boards and sheathed with OSB on the outer and inner surfaces of the sides. Of course, according to frame technology It is possible to make a residential block based on plywood, sandwich panels or SIP materials.

If the trailer-cabin is supposed to be made mobile, then it is best to use a metal frame made of square pipe. But in this case, after the completion of the construction of the dacha or cottage, the change house will be suitable for a maximum of building a utility block or garage.

Change house made of metal profiles

As a rule, they are not used for temporary summer cottages sheet metal and rental. The change room turns out to be cold in winter and hot in the summer heat. It will require considerable expenses to do effective thermal insulation increased thickness.

In addition, the cost of purchasing metal will be approximately twice as high as the cost of building a frame wooden structure. Metal profiles and profiled sheets are used for the construction of capital premises with a high level of comfort at the dacha.

In this case, it is easier to buy an old sea container; its price will not exceed $400-450. About the same amount will be required to finish the inside of the box, install windows, insulate the walls, build a sewer system, supply water and electricity.

With an estimate of $800, spending a week of vacation, you can build not just an excellent shed, but a full-fledged guest house in which you can live in the winter, store materials and tools, like in a safe, and not worry about your country property.

Change house made of sandwich panels

Of all existing schemes For temporary housing, trailers and residential blocks made of SIP panels are considered the warmest and most comfortable. Make a change house with your own hands from metal sandwich panels industrial type It is unlikely to succeed, since the dimensions of the slabs may exceed the required dimensions of 6x3 m. Full-fledged hangars and garages on a metal frame are built from sandwiches; such structures are not used as living quarters.

The process of building a cabin from SIP panels is in many ways similar to the technology of panel houses. Cut to size ready-made blocks made of polystyrene foam covered with two OSB parties slabs, laid on a rough timber frame and secured with polyurethane foam.

If you first make a high-quality pile foundation and cut out the blocks, it will take a maximum of two to three days to build the trailer box with one assistant.

Types of frame cabins

If we proceed from the criterion “price – quality – comfort”, then the best option turns out to be temporary housing built according to frame diagram. The popularity of cabins on a supporting frame is explained by two factors:

• Flexibility of the construction scheme. You can choose materials for insulation, room decoration and exterior cladding to your taste, without being tied to a specific type of wall construction;
• High comfort and relatively simple construction technology that forgives mistakes even for inexperienced workers.

If you make a defect or make a mistake in calculations during the work, you can always correct the defect, although this will require additional costs and resources.

Change house with wooden frame

A residential trailer with a frame made of timber and boards can be built on almost any soil. According to the technology for constructing a trailer cabin, it is usually necessary to make a small foundation of brick, concrete blocks or piles, on which, like on a pedestal, the following are successively built up and installed:

• The base of the floor of the future living space;
• Wall frame posts and horizontal ceiling beams;
• Insulation is laid and wall cladding is made of wooden lining, siding or corrugated sheets.

Thanks to the separation of processes, a frame change house can be built simultaneously by a team of two or ten people, everyone will find a task to do. The shed can be done in one go or assembled gradually over several weeks or summer months.

The only problem frame structure protection of insulation and wood from rain and ground moisture is considered. Therefore, residential blocks with a wooden frame are either built and covered with a roof as quickly as possible. short term, or use special expensive oil-varnish impregnations for protection.

Change houses with a metal frame

In addition to wood, you can use a metal corner or a square pipe of any profile to assemble the frame base. Most often, cabins on a steel frame are built for mobile trailers with a base on metal supports.

If the suburban area is located in marshy areas or on soils with high levels groundwater, usage metal frame avoids deformation of the building body due to frost heaving.

The most popular option is to use a frame from a steel railway container. In order to build a change house, sheets of walls and ceiling are cut out, leaving only the frame. The floor and ceiling are reinforced with a square pipe 60x60 mm, in places where windows and doorways boxes are welded from angle steel.

After laying the insulation, the walls are sheathed with profiled sheeting.

Portable cabins

Construction on a suburban site does not always require the arrangement of a full-fledged, albeit temporary, living space; a team of workers can come to the site on a separate schedule. But even in such a situation, you will need to make a temporary trailer to organize the simplest living conditions, where you can shower, wash, and go to the toilet.

The version of the change house shown in the diagram can be made from wooden lining, or built from galvanized steel profile. Plastic panels are best suited for bathroom cladding; the material is not afraid of moisture and does not absorb odors.

Change house from a construction trailer

The scheme for making a temporary shed from a mobile construction box is no different from using a wheeled version of the shed. Most owners of suburban areas do not even try to remodel or refurbish the premises.

The box is simply delivered and installed on a prepared, planned site on concrete blocks. Construction sheds and wagons are usually used as temporary housing mainly in the autumn-winter season, since the cabin box lined with corrugated sheets or plastic does not get wet and does not lose its thermal insulation even in heavy rain and wind.

DIY cabin projects

The most popular are frame cabin cars made from the hulls of sea containers or assembled using timber technology.

The change room is divided into two sections - sleeping and living. The dimensions of the container allow you to make a small kitchen.

A container shed, in fact, remains the only option when you can build an entire house to accommodate 7-10 people without any problems.

If necessary, you can build a non-residential change house, make a shower stall and install wardrobes or clothes hangers.

Wooden shift bags are considered more comfortable if we're talking about about accommodation for several weeks or months. It is clear that perception metal box And wooden house different, a room made of wood is more convenient and pleasant.

In this case, you will need to make a comfortable bathroom inside the room, build a small steam room and a covered terrace at the entrance to the room. All these are little things, but it is thanks to them that you can maintain the proper level of comfort.

How to build a 6x3 shed with your own hands: step-by-step instructions

If you want to make a simple, inexpensive and at the same time convenient cabin trailer, then it is best to try to build with your own hands an ordinary frame room from timber and clapboard.

Premises made from timber, boards and OSB boards are inferior to those made from containers or car boxes, but this is an invaluable experience for novice builders and an opportunity to avoid mistakes when building a cottage or bathhouse.

Foundation installation

As a basis for wooden cabin with dimensions of 6x3 m, you can use supports made of concrete blocks or build brick supports to a height of at least 20 cm. First, the turf and fertile layer of soil are removed from the area of ​​the foundation base, the soil is leveled in a horizontal plane, compacted, covered with geotextiles and covered with a layer of sand with crushed stone screenings.

In total, for a change house measuring 6x3 m, you will need to make 12 pillars, three rows of four supports. The tops are carefully leveled and adjusted in the same plane along the horizon so that the trailer does not turn out crooked or sway. Roofing felt is glued onto the supports using mastic insulation.

Next, on top of the foundation you need to make a frame box from timber. If the change house is planned to be built in winter, then the base will additionally need to be insulated. For example, after filing the subfloor boards, lay film waterproofing and cover it with expanded clay.

Frame installation

The supporting structure of the cabin can be welded from a square pipe; on top of the wooden frame, you will need to make and secure a metal frame, to which the vertical frame posts will be welded.

The frame of the metal trailer is assembled by welding from a square profile pipe 20x40 mm.

For an ordinary wooden cabin frame system can be built from pine beams with a cross-section of 90 mm. Each rack must be aligned vertically and temporary side braces must be made. The racks are attached to the frame with steel angles, which you can make yourself from the remnants of rolled stock.

The heads of wooden posts must be trimmed to the level, so that the ends vertical beams each row were located in the same horizontal plane. To strengthen the frame, two struts need to be made under each rack.

Installation of windows and doors

Install door and window units is not particularly difficult. First you will need to make markings on the racks where exactly you plan to build the windows. Based on the marks, you will need to build supporting horizontal jumpers on which the boxes will directly rest.

The final installation of windows and doors in the cabin can be done after laying insulation and installing film insulation, the edges of which will need to be tucked under the edges of the window frames. After finishing the walls OSB boards it is necessary to make and install platbands on the windows and doors, otherwise the wall insulation will quickly become damp.

Traditionally, plank and slab floors are used in cabins. After laying the mineral fiber layer, the surface is tightened vapor barrier film and hammered in with a tongue and groove board.

The second option for arranging the floor instead of boards involves laying sheets of bakelite waterproof plywood. If you have to enter the change house in very dirty shoes, then it is better to supplement the plywood with linoleum.

Advice! Before building a plywood floor, markings of the location of the joist beams are transferred to the sheets. In this case, the risk of the self-tapping screw missing the support beam is practically zero.

Roof installation

For wooden trailers use pitched roofs. The row of vertical posts on the front side of the building needs to be made longer, about 40 cm higher than the supports on the back side of the frame.

The rafter system rests on two parallel beams. A sheathing is sewn onto the rafters, followed by a film vapor barrier, a layer of mineral wool, waterproofing and plywood padding for laying the roofing.

Wall cladding and insulation

The easiest way is to make a warm layer of the walls of the cabin based on polystyrene foam or mineral slabs. It is best to use PPS insulation in a metal trailer; mats from basalt fiber laid in the walls and fixed with lathing slats.

The next step is to lay a vapor barrier on the floor of the cabin to make the canvas durable and airtight; the joints between the individual tapes are taped. Windproofing needs to be done on the outer surface of the walls; it is also fixed with slats and tape.

Arrangement of a change house

The outer walls of the cabin trailer are sheathed with clapboard or OSB boards if finishing is planned for painting. In this case, the overhangs along the perimeter of the roof are not large enough, or the building itself is located in an open area, it is best to cover the external walls with profiled roofing sheet. Ventilation windows are cut out along the upper and lower edges of the sheet, or it is better to build independent vents for water vapor.

Interior decoration of the cabin

If the building is planned to be built with subsequent repurposing as a bathhouse or guest house, then the best finishing option is considered to be cladding the walls and ceiling with ordinary clapboard.

After two or three years of operation of the cabin, the material darkens, a dark coating of dampness and even mold may appear along the lower edge, so anything else is rarely used for the walls.

The exception is the bathroom and shower block of the change house. In this case, it is best to make the walls and ceiling based on plastic panels.

Lighting in the cabin

According to the rules fire safety The exit from the room and the installation location of the heating device, stove, air heater must be illuminated. The rest of the room is equipped with lighting at your own discretion. Typically, a change house is divided into two parts in which ceiling lamps need to be made - a bathroom and a recreation area.

All electrical wiring of the cabin is mounted in metal corrugations. All lines must be located on top of the wall cladding. The place for the box with the circuit breaker and the bags is chosen so that the working panel is illuminated by a ceiling lamp.

Water supply and sewerage in the cabin

The supply of water and drainage communications into the premises is carried out through the subfloor of the trailer. To prevent the pipes from freezing in the winter, a caisson or collector is built in the ground under the sewer and water supply system, insulated with polystyrene foam and covered with a plastic box.

For mobile and summer options trailer, you can build a connection to water and drainage using flexible and corrugated pipes.

Heating in a change house

To heat the room, you can use two options:

• Make heating with a wood stove with a cast iron body;
• Build a heating system for a cabin using several electric convectors.

The electrical option is simpler; you only need to lay power copper wiring from the entry point of the switchboard and circuit breaker. In this case, for each heater you will need to make your own wiring and grounding branch, and build a suspension. To heat a room with an area of ​​15-20 m2, you will need to make two points of 1 kW each.

For wood stove you will need to build a niche or set aside a corner of the room for it. The walls and floor are lined with thick metal with vermiculite thermal insulation. It is clear that if they plan to build a bathhouse on the basis of a change house, then it is better to choose a place for the stove in the warmest corner of the room without windows.

Conclusion

At first glance, building or making a change house with your own hands is difficult and troublesome; you need to complete and construct a large number of auxiliary parts. But this is a misleading impression, most complex work What remains is the installation of the water supply system and the arrangement of the system stove heating. The remaining components and parts of the cabin building can be made on your own.