Conversation about medicinal herbs. Conversation: “Journey into the world of medicinal plants!” for the older subgroup Conversation with parents about the benefits of medicinal plants

Sections: Working with preschoolers

Goals. To form realistic ideas about nature, expand children’s knowledge and ideas about herbs, promote the development of a sustainable interest in further study of the appearance, place of growth, and benefits of herbs.

Progress of the lesson

Educate Today we are going to visit you. We don't need to drive a car, fly on a plane, or sail on a ship. The country that is waiting for us to visit is unusual. It is enough to close your eyes and say: “One, two, three - the country of herbs is waiting for us to visit...” (Children open their eyes, in front of them is didactic material on the topics: “Herbaceous plants”, “Medicinal plants”). So, here are the most common herbs. Sometimes we don't notice them. But they are very beautiful, fragrant and healthy. (Knock on the door, a guest enters).

Grandmother Lukerya. There are no guests in our forest. Let's get acquainted. My name is Lukerya - herbalist. I know a lot of herbs, I’ll be happy to tell you about them. No wonder they call me a herbalist. Why do you think? (children's answers). That's right, I collect herbs, there are a lot of them and they are different (considering different types of herbs). Please note: some have a long flexible stem crowned with an inflorescence, others have wide leaves with veins, the stem is low, and the leaves seem to grow from the ground, and still others have flowers that look like round, white or pink caps.

Guys, what do you think grass is? (children's answers). Yes, grass is primarily a plant with a soft, thin stem. And if these herbs grow all together in a forest, in a clearing, in a meadow, then we call them with a beautiful word - forbs.

Let's think about how we can find differences and similarities between herbs and other plants - trees, shrubs (children's answers). What can you say about the age of grasses and trees? (children's assumptions). Trees grow for many years, but grasses do not live long: perennials up to 5 years, annuals - one year. You probably stayed too long. Let's walk around my property and I'll tell you where and what herbs grow. (Children move from stand to stand during the story.)

Look, this is a meadow. We see golden dandelion heads and pink clover caps. In the field, in the rye, we see cornflowers. Here is the forest edge. Here we see fireweed and chamomile. And near the road we recognize plantain, burdock. Tansy, nettle, and chamomile like to live in vacant lots.

Guys, it’s time for me to go collecting herbs, but if you are interested in learning about each plant, then we will meet again more than once. And now, as a memory of our meeting, draw a flower you like. (Drawing).

Outline of the conversation “Herbs”

Goals. Continue to introduce children to herbaceous plants and their places of growth, talk about the benefits that herbs bring to animals and insects, and teach them to establish simple connections between natural objects.

Progress of the lesson

Educate Guys, let's remember what we learned about herbs, their structure and appearance.

Yes, a grass is a small plant that has a root, stem, leaves, flowers and seeds.

What do you know about the age of herbs? Where does grass grow? Now look at the poster. Who do you see? (children's answers). These are grasshoppers, butterflies, beetles, ants, bumblebees. How to call these inhabitants of forests, meadows and fields in one word? (insects).

What role do you think grass plays in the life of insects? (children’s reflections). What do you notice about this poster? You will never notice an emerald grasshopper among the green blades of grass. And a butterfly, when it folds its wings, becomes like a flower. There are no bugs visible under the leaf. Insects can hide in the grass from the watchful eyes of birds.

When the herbs bloom, they invite insects to visit with their honey aroma and bright flowers and generously treat them with the sweet nectar hidden in the depths of each flower. Bees, bumblebees and butterflies suck nectar with transparent proboscis, as if drinking it through a straw. And, flying from flower to flower, they pollinate them. So what benefits do herbs provide to insects? (shelter and food).

Physical exercise “Grasshoppers”

Birds are also friends with herbs. What role does grass play in the life of birds? (children's assumptions) Some birds make nests in the grass, for example, the lark. Birds also love to peck grass seeds.

Think about which of the forest animals loves to eat fragrant herbs? (you can ask riddles). That's right, little gray bunny. In winter, hares eat the bitter bark of young aspens, but in spring and summer, hares have plenty of fresh, juicy herbs in the forest.

The clumsy bear also loves to treat itself to juicy grass. If in the spring he finds a forest clearing with fresh aromatic herbs, he eats them with appetite. As if he is not a bear, but a domestic Buryonka. Both moose and wild boars love grass.

Now let's talk about pets. Who can you meet in the meadows when the young grass is green? (children's answers). Goats and sheep nibble grass, cows and slender horses graze in the meadows. These animals are called herbivores because grass is their main food.

Outline of the conversation “Herbs that heal”

Goals. Continue to introduce children to the variety of herbs; introduce the concept of “medicinal herbs” into the vocabulary; introduce them to the places where they grow; cultivate a caring attitude towards nature, develop thinking.

Progress of the lesson

Grandmother Lukerya. Hello my dear. I am very glad to see you again. Look what I have prepared for our meeting (Children look at the herbs collected in bunches and smell them).

Do you feel how fragrant and aromatic they are? These herbs are not easy. Listen to what they said in the old days: “For every ailment there is its own herb.” How do you understand these words? (children’s reflections). Indeed, these herbs are very useful and medicinal. Since ancient times, people have learned to determine which herbs can help with ailments, pain, and illness. It has been proven for centuries that many herbs have medicinal properties and are therefore called “healing”.

Everything is healing: forest, meadows, fields.
Plantain, thyme thickets,
Generous, beautiful land,
It’s like a doctor healing our wounds!

Do you guys think there are any rules for collecting herbs? Or is it enough to pick the first plants that catch your eye? (children's answers). Yes you are right. Collecting medicinal, healing herbs is a whole science. My grandmother taught me the secrets of collecting herbs. I will tell you what you need to know when going to harvest herbs.

So, the first rule: you cannot collect herbs near roads where vehicles travel. Why? (children's answers). You cannot collect herbs in city squares and parks. Why? (children's answers). Yes, soot and dust settle on the stems, leaves, and inflorescences; the plants absorb all harmful substances from the air and from the soil. Such plants will only harm human health.

The second rule: you cannot collect herbs that are damaged or broken by humans or animals.

Now we will talk about where it is better to collect herbs. It is better to collect herbs in sunny weather, when the dew has dried on them. You only need to collect well-known herbs, and each plant has different parts that have medicinal properties. The collected plants must be dried in the shade, carefully sorting them out.

Look what medicinal herbs I have prepared. Now we will look at them, and another time I will tell you separately about each collection and its properties (children look at bunches of different herbs).

Guys, in conclusion, I want to note that you need to admire the herbs, inhale their aroma, but do not break them, do not pick flowers in vain, either in the forest, or in the field, or in the meadow. Let them decorate our land. Let the blooming herbs please you.

I'm walking through a flowering meadow,
Dew dries on the leaves.
The wind shakes the grass elastically
And I can hear their voices.
They whisper: “Don’t tear us apart, don’t,
Our flexible stems do not wrinkle.
We are a delight for the eyes and the heart,
Decoration of the native land.
Goodbye, friends, see you again.

Outline of the conversation “Plantain”

Goals. Continue to introduce children to plants that have medicinal properties; places where plants grow; with the features of its appearance and structure; learn to analyze and make simple conclusions.

Progress of the lesson

Bab. Lukerya. Guys, I was in a hurry to come to you today to tell you about a plant. You have met him so often in the garden, in the garden, and in the yard. But most often it grows near roads. Nobody remembers its name? This is a plantain.

Plantain by the road
They trample our feet together.
Here's a little goat running by
As I walked, I tore off a leaf.
Tanya threw the ball
And he doesn’t care at all.

And indeed: cars rush along the roads, they step on leaves, but he doesn’t care! I wonder why? Let's look and touch the plant (children's answers). Yes, the plantain leaves are hard, the elastic stem immediately straightens, remaining fresh and green. The leaves are dense, oval-shaped, with dark veins. Look, several leaves come out of the root at once, they form a rosette. The root of the plantain is strong and goes deep into the ground. It is very difficult to pull it out of the ground. The grass - plantain grows for many years. From the leaves at the root, a smooth and tall stem emerges from the rosette in June. A little later, small seeds appear on the stem. This stem is called a honey plant. Plantain flowers form spikelet-like inflorescences. When the flowers fall, what do you think ripens in their place? (seeds). Why do you think plantain grows most often near the road? (children's reasoning). That's right, the seeds stick to both people's shoes and animals' hooves. Both of them have to walk along the roads. Here is your answer: where the seeds appear, this plant will grow.

It’s not for nothing that plantain is popularly called “first aid”, “pharmacy by the road”. For cuts, wounds, abscesses, and bruises, plantain leaf will help. It needs to be rinsed and applied to the sore spot.

Outline of the conversation “Burdock” (burdock)

Goals. Continue to introduce children to medicinal plants, their appearance and healing properties. Develop cognitive interest, enrich vocabulary.

Progress of the lesson

Bab. Lukerya. Nice to meet you. And now I will show you one plant. I'm sure you'll recognize him. Here, look (shows). What kind of plant is this? (burdock). Yes, the common burdock, which we will find in the garden, along roads, in ditches, even in the courtyards of our houses. Let's look at it. Burdock has a strong stem, quite tall. The leaves are bright green, large, round, with dark veins. Who among you hasn’t picked up prickly gray-pink lumps? These are burdock flowers. In each small burdock flower we will see small droplets. This is nectar. It is he who attracts bees and bumblebees. This is a treat for them. Beekeepers call burdock a honey plant.

The emerald green leaves of burdock not only decorate meadows and vegetable gardens, but also benefit people. If you get injured, apply burdock to the wound and it will heal faster. If there is pain in your legs, apply burdock and the pain will subside. What if your temperature has risen and you don’t have a pill at hand - apply a burdock leaf to your head, press it with a handkerchief and the temperature will drop. Skin diseases are treated with a decoction of burdock. Burdock oil is also prepared from burdocks. It is very useful to rub it into the hair roots - it strengthens them.

Why do you think burdock grows everywhere? (children's assumptions).

That's right, prickly flowers - burrs, when they ripen, they cling to the fur of animals, then to the feathers of birds, then to the clothes of people, or are carried by the wind. Wherever a small particle of a flower falls, a burdock will appear. This is how nature works. All the most ordinary things can be useful.

Outline of the conversation “St. John's wort”

Goals. Introduce children to the appearance of the plant and its distinctive feature; clarify where this plant can usually be seen and what medicinal properties it has. Arouse interest in educational conversation, teach how to draw conclusions.

Progress of the lesson

Bab. Lukerya. Hello, dear kids. I'm looking forward to seeing you. Are you interested in knowing what plant we will meet today? Then listen.

This flower borders the road
A narrow, bright yellow stripe.
My heart pleases, captivates,
He is with his sunny beauty.
Didn't you guess? Then listen to the hint.
I'll go out onto the field road,
There is a fragrant heat in the air.
I'll daydream, I'll bend over, I'll pick
St. John's wort golden corolla.

Look - this plant is called St. John's wort. Why do you think? It turns out that if an animal eats this plant, it will get sick. Everyone who has pets knows about this. But this does not concern people's health.

Let's take a look at this plant. St. John's wort has a straight, branched stem, rather tall, the leaves are small, light green, and oblong in shape. Look at the flowers. What do you see? (children's answers0. They are golden yellow, five-petalled, collected in inflorescences, similar to panicles. The plant blooms at the end of June and blooms until the end of August. Here is what they say about St. John's wort:

If St. John's wort has bloomed,
This means summer is at its zenith.
Melting into the blue distance
Tuchek wet threads.

The herbaceous plant St. John's wort grows in dry sunny meadows, forest edges, in forest clearings, along field paths, in light oak forests, in golden pine forests, in birch forests, where trees grow far from each other.

So what is the use of St. John's wort? It is not for nothing that in the old days St. John's wort was called a cure for 77 ailments: ointment with St. John's wort heals wounds, if you drink tea with a decoction of St. John's wort, then your body is reliably protected and strengthened. St. John's wort heals wounds, stops bleeding, destroys worms, relieves stomach pain, and calms the nerves. That's what he is, St. John's wort.

(Grandmother treats the children to tea.)

And now I propose to guess the riddle and learn it.
Golden, beautiful to look at,
Poisonous for cows. (St. John's wort)

Outline of the conversation “Cornflower”

Goals. Continue to introduce children to medicinal plants, clarify the appearance of the flower, where it grows, and its healing properties.

Progress of the lesson

Bab. Lukerya. Hello my dear children. Today we will get acquainted with a very useful plant.

Tell me, wildflower, tell me,
Why, cornflower, are you blooming in rye?

From these lines we have already understood that cornflower mainly grows in rye. Let's take a closer look at this flower. Cornflower has a straight, slightly hairy stem, dark green leaves with sharp teeth, and a large, bright blue flower. With its bright color it stands out among the golden ears of rye and wheat, and its pleasant aroma attracts insects. What does the color of cornflower remind you of, children? (color of clear sky, blue of rivers).

The field cornflower has a brother, the meadow cornflower. See how they differ? (color). That's right, meadow cornflower stands out among the meadow grass with its bright pink flowers. Its leaves are slightly elongated and soft whitish hairs make the leaves appear silver-gray. The meadow cornflower flower looks like a long narrow tube. Flowers contain several portions of pollen, which insects collect. When insects touch a flower, the teeth of the petals unbend and pollen falls to the insect.

Cornflowers bloom for a long time - all three summer months. But what’s interesting is that by the end of summer the color of cornflowers changes: bright blue becomes blue, bright pink turns white. This change is very clear to insects: there is almost no honey in such flowers.

The blue cornflower flower is harvested during the period of full flowering, and the leaves and seeds are also collected. The pink flowers of cornflower are collected during flowering, and its roots are collected in late autumn.

Two types of these cornflowers are used to make infusions (crushed and brewed with boiling water). Cornflower seeds and leaves are crushed and applied to wounds. The plant helps lower temperature, relieves pain, and promotes wound healing.

This is how useful the cornflower flower is.

Outline of the conversation “Boundweed”

Goals. Continue to introduce children to herbs that have healing properties, teach them to recognize a plant by its appearance, and learn where it grows.

Progress of the lesson

Bab. Lukerya. Guys, many times you have delighted me by guessing the names of plants. And this time you can guess for yourself what plant we will talk about.

I'm rising higher and higher
Above the plum, above the cherry.
I completely missed the fences
And he opened his flowers.
Did you guess it? (convolvulus)

This is a loach, bindweed. The name of the flower speaks for itself. This is a climbing grass, its flexible, thin stems twine around fences, gazebos, tree trunks and other herbs growing nearby.

Its flexible stem
I could climb the fence.

In fact, the stem of the loach looks like a wire. The leaves of the loach are located on the stems in turn, one after the other, they taper at the ends, like sharp arrows. At the beginning of summer, large beautiful flowers, similar to bells, open on flexible stems. They are painted white and pink.

As a child, we called the bindweed the gramophone,
Its bells are pinkish,
They are lilac, like an amethyst,
A marvelous flower, both beautiful and fragrant.

And also, guys, since ancient times people have called bindweed “living clocks.” They always open at the same time, at 7-8 o'clock in the morning. Bindweed also predicts the weather: bindweed flowers do not open if the weather is rainy or cloudy. Don’t worry, if the loach entangles itself heavily in garden trees and shrubs, then gardeners get upset. But a decoction of loach can cure the stomach and get rid of insomnia.

Outline of the conversation “Strawberry”

Goals. Expand children's knowledge about medicinal plants, teach them to describe their appearance; to clarify the places of growth and healing properties of strawberries. Develop children's sense of smell, thinking, and activate their speech.

Progress of the lesson

Bab. Lukerya. Hello guys. And I was waiting for you. Well, get your noses ready, take a breath. How did you feel? (smell). What does it remind you of? (children's answers). Yes. My dears, it smells like delicious, aromatic strawberries. I made tea from leaves and berries, and then I’ll treat you to it.

Have you ever picked scarlet strawberries in a clearing warmed by the sun? What does the berry taste like? (sweet and sour, fragrant, aromatic).

Look at a strawberry bush, what do you see? (children's answers). A short herbaceous plant, strawberry has a stem, leaves, flowers (until ripening) and berries. Pay attention to the shoots, they are creeping, long - these are mustaches. The whiskers stretch along the ground and take root. Look at the leaves, what do they resemble? (shamrock). The leaves are light green above, silvery gray below. At the end of May, the flowers open: five white petals surround a small yellowish-gray heart. Insects transfer pollen from flower to flower and then, in place of this heart, a berry appears. These are the berries I dried and now I’ve brewed them for you.

Strawberry is the earliest berry. It grows on the edges, clearings, and near pine stumps. The berries in the grass light up like lights. There is a proverb: “You will bow to the earth more than once for the sake of strawberries.” Explain how you understand it? (children's answers). Remember the fairy tale by V. Kataev “The Jug and the Pipe”. Indeed, it is not easy to pick this tasty and healthy berry.

Listen to another proverb: “Whoever puts strawberries in his mouth is healthy all year round.” This is how people say about strawberries. And why? (children's answers). Maybe some of you have had to be treated with strawberry decoctions and teas? (children's answers). Yes, for sore throats and colds, strawberry tea will cure you and make you happy.

(Grandmother Lukerya treats the children to tea.) Help yourself. Come and visit again.

Used Books

Shorygina T.A. Herbs. What are they? / T.A. Shorygina. – M.: Gnom i D, 2005.

Program content: to clarify preschoolers’ ideas about the diversity of plants in meadows and fields, to develop the ability to recognize and collect medicinal plants in certain places and at certain times, to store and use them; ; to develop the cognitive activity of preschoolers, they are in the process; educate, ability and desire actively.

Materials for the lesson: illustrations depicting medicinal plants.

Progress of the lesson

IN. Guys, look, we have received a letter! Who sent it to us? Instead of a return address on the envelope there is a riddle:

He healed sick animals

And Barmaleya won! (Dr. Aibolit.)

IN. What do you think Dr. Aibolit treated animals with? (According to the fairy tale - with potions, pills, chocolate bars, I stroked their bellies.)

How are wild animals actually treated? (Plants.) How do they find them? (By smell.)

People have also known for a long time the benefits of medicines made from herbs (herbal medicine). All medicine began thousands of years ago with medicinal herbs. For example, Chinese medicine is still famous for its rich experience in herbal medicine. An important advantage of medicinal plants is the absence of side effects that can be caused by artificial chemicals. Today, special herbal medicine departments at medical institutes are studying traditional medicine.

In this letter, Doctor Aibolit asks you to help him collect medicinal plants. It is very important to know the origin of the medicinal herb. Therefore, we will now remember the plants growing in our forests, meadows and fields that are well known to us.

Before you go to harvest medicinal herbs, you need to know the plants well. What medicinal plants and herbs do you know?

Game “Name and Tell!”

IN. I will show you a plant, and you will name it and tell me where it grows.

And now I will talk about medicinal plants, and you will find them in the pictures:

The leaves are patterned, the head is yellow with white petals, used as a decoction for rinsing and washing, for example, when there is a sore throat. (Chamomile.)

It grows along the road, in the meadow, loves the sun. The leaves are green, elastic, with thick veins. Used to stop bleeding, applied to the wound. (Plantain.)

This plant is said to “bite” because there are hairs on its leaves and stem that look like small syringes containing a caustic liquid. Cabbage soup is cooked from its leaves. Hair is washed with its decoction. Both animals and insects love it, especially butterflies.

Try to recognize this plant by its smell: it grows in swamps. People collect its root and make tinctures and tablets to calm the nervous system. (Valerian.)

This is a meadow plant and can also be found on forest edges. Each leaf consists of many (thousands) of small leaves. This is where its name comes from. It helps in treating the stomach and improves appetite. (Yarrow.)

They also know how to make salad from this plant, sometimes jam - yellow and sunny! But the juice of this plant is like milk, very bitter. People collect only its yellow flowers.

Do you know how to properly prepare medicinal herbs? Does everyone gather the same way, at the same time?

Let us now remember some basic rules for collecting medicinal plants:

• Plants are harvested in dry weather, after the dew has dried. The active substances of plants accumulate in them unevenly. Therefore, raw materials should be collected when they are rich in these substances.
• You cannot taste leaves, fruits, roots, or inflorescences. Why?
• Plants are cut with scissors or a knife at the level of the base or lower leaves, but should not be uprooted. Why?
• You cannot tear up many plants at once in one place. Why?
• It is prohibited to collect medicinal herbs listed in the Red Book. Why? What Red Book plants do you know? (Lily of the valley, lumbago, cornflower, speedwell, tricolor violet, immortelle, calendula and others.)
• Do you think it is possible to collect herbs in the city, near roads?
• The quality of raw materials depends on their processing and storage. Almost all medicinal plants must be dried. Dry the raw materials immediately after collection (otherwise they darken and spoil). Natural drying is carried out in the shade in a well-ventilated area. Solar drying is allowed only for roots that are previously cut into pieces.
• Flowers, leaves and buds are collected by hand, wearing gloves. After collecting herbs, be sure to wash your hands. Why? (Some medicinal plants have juice that is poisonous to humans. You must collect their raw materials very carefully!)

What is poisonous in lily of the valley? (Berries.) They cannot be picked. They fall off on their own and new plants grow from them.

Crow's eye - its berries look like the eyes of a bird. They are also poisonous to humans. This plant contains poison in the juice itself. Therefore, neither its leaves nor its stem should be torn.

A very famous medicinal plant is celandine. But its juice can also be dangerous to human health. Therefore, such medicinal plants can only be used as prescribed by a doctor and under adult supervision.

Do you know how medicinal plants are stored? For home storage, dried raw materials are poured into fabric bags, boxes, and paper bags. They are placed in a dark, ventilated place. Their shelf life is also different: up to 2 years - flowers and leaves; bark and roots - up to 3 years. All sachets and pouches must be signed, as using unknown raw materials is dangerous.

Let's try to find out about the content of raw materials from the pharmacy packaging!

Let's play pharmacy!

The teacher puts all the boxes of medicinal plants on the shelf; invites children to treat their toys.

IN. The doll has a sore throat. What will you offer her? (Gargle with a decoction of chamomile and calendula.) The chanterelle has a severe cough. How can we treat her? (Decoction of coltsfoot, thyme, licorice root syrup.) Look how pale the doll is! She has a poor appetite. (A decoction of rose hips, St. John's wort, and yarrow will help her.) The little bear caught a cold while swimming in the river. He is weak, freezing even under a warm blanket! (We’ll give him warm linden or raspberry tea.) But the wolf cub scratched his paw and is limping. How can I help him? (Pick a fresh plantain leaf, rinse with water and apply to the wound.)

And now, together with our nurse, we will learn how to properly brew medicinal teas (by subgroups): linden, raspberry, rosehip.

Children practice recognizing tea by color, smell, and taste.

IN. For Dr. Aibolit, we will make special bags with images of medicinal plants so that no one confuses them. We will be sure to indicate the name and time of collection on them.

Children perform a practical task in a fine arts class or together with their parents at home.

A lesson with children about medicinal plants was prepared by L. Ladutko, S. Shklyar

Natural world preparatory group No. 1. The teacher reminds the children that they already know a lot about plants. Without plants, life on planet Earth would not exist. Plants not only help all living things breathe, but they also help them heal from diseases. - Nature provides man with a huge variety of gifts, cures for all diseases in the world. You just need to know them and be able to use them. A long time ago, a person noticed that all animals are treated with herbs. Different plants help against different diseases. For hundreds of years, people passed on information about plants to their descendants and compiled entire volumes of books - “Herbalists”, “Flower Gardens”, “Zelniki”. From the names of these books, you can guess what can be used for treatment - herbs, flowers, berries, etc. - Folk herbalists, over thousands of years, have managed to accumulate a lot of information about the beneficial properties of plants. In our pharmacies, among the many modern drugs, herbs, herbal tinctures, and herbal-based tablets occupy their rightful place. People themselves collect herbs in the meadow, forest, and field. Maybe your grandfathers, grandmothers, mothers, fathers collected medicinal herbs. Knowledge about medicinal herbs will be useful to every person, including you guys. - Who knows any medicinal plants? - Who saw medicinal plants in the pharmacy? - Who collected medicinal plants with adults? - Who drank tea with medicinal plants? (Children's stories). - What medicinal plant is this riddle about? They weren’t allowed into the garden - That’s why it burns. (nettle) - That's right, nettle. Listen to A. Pleshakov’s story “Make friends with nettles.” Make friends with nettles “Today there will be nettle cabbage soup for lunch,” the grandmother announced. My brother and I looked at each other. - Nettles? “Yes, yes,” the grandmother confirmed. - And you go now and pick some nettles. Choose a young, tender one. And take some mittens. The cabbage soup turned out great. And this was a discovery for me. I realized that no grass can be recklessly called weed or unnecessary. - Yes, people have a lot to thank nettles for. You can not only make cabbage soup and salad from it. But something else is more important: “We take raw nettle, crush it and apply it to fresh wounds - it will clean the wounds and heal.” This is what doctors wrote many years ago. Nettle contains substances that kill microbes. Nettle stops bleeding well and strengthens hair. - Who can guess this plant? A thin stem near the path. At the end of it are earrings. There are leaves on the ground - small burlap. He is like a good friend to us. He treats wounds of the legs and arms. (plantain) - Find this plant in our collection. - Who guessed why this plant is called that? - Which of you used plantain? (Children's answers). - People have used plantain for a long time to heal wounds, for stomach diseases, and for colds. - This plant is called yarrow. Who guessed why it is called that? (Children's answers). - This plant is familiar to everyone. Guess: He produces sheets of Wide Latitude. They are held on strong stems. One hundred fruits are rough and tenacious. You won’t be able to pick them all up, but you’ll find them all on yourself. (burdock) - Burdock roots can replace carrots and potatoes. It treats the kidneys and liver. - What kind of plant is this? This boy wears a yellow sundress. When he grows up, he will dress up in a little white dress. Light, airy. Obedient to the wind. (dandelion) - Did you guess it? And dandelion is also a medicinal plant that improves appetite. - Is there a plant that can replace cotton wool? This is sphagnum moss. Moss, cranberries and cloudberries - Residents of forest swamps, On a hummock there is moss without a stem. Everywhere you look, it's growing. - This moss was used as cotton wool by partisans during the Great Patriotic War. Moss absorbs pus and blood very well, and wounds heal faster. - Many medicinal plants can be found in the forest, field, meadow. These are chamomile, oregano, thyme, St. John's wort, coltsfoot. Everywhere animals, birds, people can find help from nature. Just study, love, know! - Guys, let's play a game. Doctor Aibolit is chosen, patients come to him, name various diseases; The doctor recommends medicinal herbs for treatment. Poor appetite - dandelion root. Stomach pain - yarrow. Colds are oregano. The wound on the hand is plantain. Angina is a mother and stepmother. Leg burn - St. John's wort. Stains on the skin are celandine. - Every disease has its own medicinal herb. We live in a world of drugs. The best pharmacy is Nature. But you need to know that only adults prepare medicinal plants; children can only help. Rules for collecting medicinal plants. 1. It is good to know medicinal plants and distinguish them from poisonous ones (crow's eye, etc.). (The information is accompanied by the display of thematic pictures) 2. Plants are collected in dry weather, preferably in the morning, when the dew has dried. 3. You cannot collect plants in the city, near roads. Why (children's answers) 4. When collecting plants, place them in wide baskets, do not crush them, otherwise the juice will release. 5. Dry plants not in the sun, but in the shade. 6. Do not trample plants when collecting, do not tear them by the roots, do not collect until the last minute. 7. Do not pick plants that are listed in the Red Book. Why (children's answers). - Nature gives all its treasures to man and for everything asks only one thing: to take care of it!

CONVERSATION ABOUT MEDICINAL PLANTS.

GOAL: to consolidate the ability to recognize and name medicinal herbs (5-6 names); expand knowledge about the benefits and use of medicinal plants; establish rules of conduct when collecting medicinal plants.

PROGRESS OF THE CONVERSATION:

HOST - KOLOBOK.
- Hello guys! I rolled through fields, meadows, roads. I collected a lot of plants, but I don’t know what they are called. Help me (plants from the herbarium are pinned on the bun). (Kolobok takes off his “coltsfoot.”)
KOLOBOK: What kind of plant is this?
CHILDREN: Coltsfoot.
KOLOBOK: Do you know why it is called that?
CHILDREN: On one side it has a warm leaf – the mother, and on the other a cold leaf – the stepmother, as in the fairy tale “Little Little Khavroshechka”. She was angry.
KOLOBOK: Why is this grass that appears before everyone else?
CHILDREN: Yes, she is the very first spring flower, and they treat coughs with it.
KOLOBOK: I remember that’s what my grandparents called her: cough. That's right, I remembered. What is this flower that looks like a coltsfoot?
CHILDREN: Dandelion.
KOLOBOK: Who knows what his grandparents call him? (If the children don’t know, Kolobok explains. “Oduvan” - the children must explain why. If they can’t, Kolobok prompts.)
KOLOBOK: Why is it needed?
CHILDREN: The first jam or otherwise “May honey” is made from its flowers
KOLOBOK: Well done, you know everything. Are dandelion leaves useful?
CHILDREN: Salad is made from the leaves. It contains a lot of vitamins.
KOLOBOK: We have to try it. Well, what kind of plant is this, little burdocks?
CHILDREN: Plantain.
KOLOBOK: I've heard that name. It probably grows along the road. How is it useful?
CHILDREN: Heals our wounds when we fall or cut ourselves.
KOLOBOK: We have to try it. Now I’ll inject myself or cut myself. No, I will not. I’d rather show you another weed. What is this?
CHILDREN: Nettle.
KOLOBOK: Oh, I'm afraid it will sting. What's the use of it?
CHILDREN: Cabbage soup is boiled from nettles and the head is washed with nettle infusion.
KOLOBOK: And my grandfather told me that they used to make fabric out of it and sew shirts and pants, and fishermen even made sails.
What do you use to gargle your throat if it hurts?
CHILDREN: Chamomile.
KOLOBOK: That’s right, and my grandmother told me about this flower.
Now let's play, and then I'll tell you something else.

Game "DANDELION"
KOLOBOK says:
– The rain is pouring, the sun is warming, dandelions are growing in the clearing (children get up).
– The wind came and began to blow on the dandelion (the children swing their arms up).
– The wind blew even stronger (the children run in different directions on their tiptoes).
– Suddenly, white light parachutes flew from the heads of the dandelions (children crouch).
– Where the parachutes fell, dandelions will grow again (children stand up).
Can be repeated 2-3 times.

KOLOBOK: Summer will pass, the flowers will fade, but we get sick, either in the fall or in the winter, when there are no more flowers. Therefore, medicinal plants are stocked in summer. You just need to collect them correctly:
1. You cannot pick too many plants, otherwise they will not grow in this place next year.
2. You cannot try berries, rhizomes and fruits: you can get poisoned.
3. After collecting medicinal plants, you should wash your hands thoroughly, because there is a lot of pollen and dirt on the hands.

KOLOBOK: Goodbye, guys. Don’t forget about our conversation, remember it and tell your parents.

A CHAMOMILE GROWS IN A MEADOW,
BUTTERCUPLE CUTTER, CLOVER - PORRIDGE.
WHAT ELSE? CLOVE, RESIN,
BELL, HORSEtail - LIKE A TREE,
AND ALSO, PLANNANT, VASILYOI,
GRAMOPHONE PLAYERS - BINDOWS,
MANY MORE DIFFERENT HERBS
NEAR THE PATHWAYS AND GROOVES.
AND BEAUTIFUL AND FLUFFY.
COLORFUL AND SMELLY!

Conversation: “Journey into the world of medicinal plants!”

Efimova Alla Ivanovna, teacher of GBDOU No. 43, Kolpino St. Petersburg
Description: The material will be useful to a wide range of readers, both adults and children of different ages. It can be used for discussions, class hours and extracurricular activities.

Target: Introduce children to medicinal plants
Tasks:- Teach children to listen carefully and answer questions.
- Teach children to draw appropriate conclusions about the importance of plants in the health of their body.
- To instill in children a caring attitude towards plants.
Preliminary work:
- Conversations about the healing properties of plants and their diversity.
- Compiling stories, fairy tales about medicinal plants, memorizing poems, riddles about medicinal plants.

Educator: Guys, what do you think medicinal plants are?
Answers: These are plants that are used in the treatment of various diseases.
Educator: All herbs are healers - oregano,
And St. John's wort and lungwort,
And strawberries and blueberries,
And lingonberries and blueberries.
Celandine, wormwood, viburnum,
Flax, calendula, nettle.
Herbs, where to find them,
The forest dwellers know.
That's what they're about to us
They'll tell the story now.

Educator: Guys, do you know that in addition to medications, illnesses can also be treated with other means. All our diseases can be treated with medicinal herbs and plants. Many of them are familiar to you, they grow next to you. Let us remember what medicinal plants we know.
Answers children.

Educator: And now, I suggest you remember "Rules for collecting medicinal plants."
Children are called:
- You cannot collect plants near roads and railways.
- You can’t collect plants in damp, wet weather; it’s better to do it during the day, when it’s dry and clear.
- You can’t taste plants.
- You can’t pick too many plants.
- You need to collect medicinal plants for each type separately.
- After collecting medicinal plants, you should wash your hands thoroughly.

Educator: Guys, do you know that many medicinal herbs are added to tea. At the end of our lesson, you and I will also drink delicious tea.
In the meantime, I suggest you listen to your homework assignments. Remember, at home you had to prepare a riddle and a short story about one medicinal plant. Information could be taken from books, the Internet, etc.
Child:- It grows in meadows and fields
Blooms pink,

You can make tea with it.
Answer me quickly!
What kind of weed? - (blooming Sally).
Ivan - tea is a healing plant. It blooms with red, purple, white, pink flowers, the inflorescences are collected in brushes. Tinctures, medicinal decoctions and ointments are prepared from it. This plant is an excellent honey plant.

Child: White peas,
On a green leg
It matures, it opens,
Turns into a bell! (lily of the valley)
Lily of the valley is a very valuable plant. Its drops are used for heart diseases. Lily of the valley is listed in the Red Book.

Child: Spice is also a seasoning,
Tea with her was a great success,
Guys will guess
Well, of course it is... (mint)
Mint is added to tea. Peppermint tinctures have analgesic and calming properties. Mint is a real storehouse of medicinal properties. With a pleasant aroma, cooling taste and numerous medicinal properties, mint is one of the most versatile plants in the herbal kingdom. The name "mint" comes from the Greek word "ment", coolness. Cool grass can refresh the air, mouth, and improve digestion.

Child: What strange flowers
Under the name Marigold?
So similar to daisies -
Everyone is wearing orange shirts. (calendula)
Medicines made from calendula are used to gargle for sore throat and stomatitis. Calendula is an excellent remedy for coughs; it is also used for burns and bruises.

Child: Yellow eye from underground,
They give it to us first.
What is the correct name for them?
If the earth is like a mother to them? (Coltsfoot)
Mother and stepmother helps with coughs and is used to improve vision. This plant has both flowers and leaves that are useful.

Physical education lesson “Dandelion”
Dandelion, dandelion! (They squat, then slowly stand up)
The stem is thin, like a finger. (Raise hands up)
If the wind is fast, fast (They scatter in different directions.
It will fly into the clearing,
Everything around will rustle. (They say “sh-sh-sh-sh-sh”)
Dandelion stamens.
They will scatter in a round dance. (Hold hands and walk in a circle)
And they will merge with the sky.
Educator: Our guys have also prepared poems about medicinal plants:
- Mint treats neuralgia,
And beets - hypertension,
Strawberries drive away salt
And sage is a toothache,
- Eat watermelon if you have jade,
And lingonberries - for arthritis,
To have more strength
Don't forget about elecampane.
- Cranberry will cure cystitis,
Radish - cough and bronchitis,
Headache - viburnum,
And for colds - tea with raspberries.
- Treat the liver with rowan,
Heart - mint and viburnum,
To avoid diabetes,
Eat Jerusalem artichoke all summer long.
- Cure asthma with hyssop,
Bladder - dill.
Wounds, ulcers, hemorrhoids
Rinse with plantain.
- If you have swelling -
Drink horsetail and flax seed,
Smear calluses with celandine,
And freckles - with grated horseradish.
- Don’t forget St. John’s wort,
Drink tea with it more often,
Drink rosehip infusion.
You will be vigorous and young.
Educator: You can also make a delicious salad from medicinal herbs. Here, for example, from dandelion. This is also a medicinal plant that improves the condition of the body.
To prepare the salad, we need:
- 100 gr. dandelion leaves;
- 90 gr. green onions;
- 25 gr. parsley;
- 15g. vegetable oil;
- 1 egg;
- salt, vinegar, pepper to taste.
Soak dandelion leaves in salted water for 30 minutes, then chop. Combine chopped parsley and green onions with dandelions, season with oil, salt, vinegar, stir, garnish with a boiled egg.

Educator: There are leaves and flowers on the tables in front of you, I invite you to the tables, you must take one plant at a time and name this plant. And on weekends or when you go home, look around, maybe you will see and recognize these plants on the street.
Children They take a plant from the tables, smell it, examine it from all sides. They give their answers.
Educator: In addition to the plants that we remembered today, there are many other plants that are useful and necessary for all of us. Now let’s all have a tea party and try to guess what medicinal plant you are drinking tea with. Enjoy your tea, everyone. In the meantime, we are drinking tea, I suggest watching the cartoon “The Tale of Medicinal Plants.”

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Take care of nature and health.