Anthurium growing and care. How to properly care for indoor anthurium. Types and varieties of anthurium with photos and names

Anthurium is a genus belonging to the Aroid family. The representatives of the genus are mainly epiphytes. The plants are native to the warm regions of the Northern and South America, but also some types of this flower are grown by our gardeners when cared for at home.

General information

The name of the flower literally translates as flower-tail, because the flower is only the middle in the form of a spadix, and the colorful petal around it is actually a leaf-spread. The popular name for anthurium is “male happiness”, since this plant is usually given to men. The color of flowers and types of leaves differ depending on the type and variety of flower.

There are a lot of cultivated types of anthurium, among which there are indoor and garden ones. This poisonous plant, so do not allow children and animals to contact it, or eat the fruit.

Types and varieties of anthurium

- comes from the mountainous regions of Colombia and Ecuador. It has a short shoot and aerial roots. The leaves are large, glossy, located on petioles. The flower is yellow or colored in its shades, it can be cream. The blanket is predominantly white, but can be colored in shades of red or pink. A lot of hybrids and varieties have been bred from this species.

- has a low stem and long, narrow leaves. The top of the leaf is green, and the bottom is decorated with brown dotted patterns. The peduncle is up to 30 cm high, the flower itself is creamy, the leaf around it is two-colored - the middle is yellow with green tint, and the edges are purple.

— it resembles Anthurium crystal. The difference between them is the petiole. The majestic one is tetrahedral, and the crystal one is rounded. Also, the veins of the majestic anthurium are olive in color, not silver.

- comes from the tropics. It has large leaves with speckled bottoms, placed on long petioles. Drives out a 50 cm peduncle. The flower is also long, covered below with a green blanket.

— It has a massive rhizome and a long stem that reaches a meter in length. Leathery leaves vary in shape different varieties. The flower spadix is ​​small and the bract is greenish in color.

- This is an anthurium liana. It has dissected lanceolate leaves with wavy edges.

This epiphyte has a caudex that can be located in the substrate. The leaves are very large, placed on petioles, the veins are silvery in color. The peduncle is up to 50 cm, and the flower is about 20 cm. The cover around the flower is light green with purple tint generally does not exceed 10 cm.

- this epiphyte with leathery oval or lanceolate leaf plates that are located on the petioles. spiral flower, decorated with bracts bright color midway between red and orange.

This is an unusual variety that attracts with its dark floral blanket, which is sometimes almost black.

Cavalli variety also very unusual, since both the spadix and the bract around it are a delicate lilac color.

On Jolie variety they pay attention because it has an unusual leaf-spread shape.

Among other varieties we can distinguish Fiorino , andrianum , Dakota , baby boomer , but there are many others.

If you purchased, then it is simply a mixture of different varieties of one of the species or several types of anthurium.

Anthurium care at home

Caring for anthurium at home is not particularly problematic, it just requires some knowledge. The plant needs bright, diffused lighting; direct sunlight should not fall on the leaves of the flower.

Anthurium loves warmth and therefore the temperature in the spring and summer should be kept around 25°C. A drop below 20°C is harmful to the flower and leads to disease.

From the beginning of autumn to spring, the temperature is maintained at about 17°C. For Scherber anthurium, it is about 13°C for two months, and then raised to 17°C. This flower is very sensitive to drafts and temperature changes, so you need to lower and raise it smoothly so as not to harm the anthurium.

How to water anthurium

During the growing season, the plant requires good watering, which should be carried out when half of the soil in the container with the flower dries. The liquid for irrigation needs to be settled, lukewarm, preferably rainwater. It is better to water directly on the ground, so that water does not fall on the plant.

Although the flower loves moisture, but only in moderation. It is better to water a little less than to throw the rotten anthurium in the trash. IN winter time One watering every seven days is enough.

Anthurium needs high humidity(approximately 90%). In spring and summer, spray with soft water, and place the flower pot in a container with damp expanded clay. When spraying, do not allow the drops to touch the flowers, but only to fall on the leaves.

How to fertilize anthurium

Anthurium must be fertilized. When performing this operation, remember that the concentration of the fertilizer should be half as weak as indicated on the package. You need to fertilize the flower in the spring-summer period twice every month and a half. Organic fertilizers can also be used.

Anthurium does not like excess fertilizer, so if in doubt, it is better to use a smaller dose. If your plant is sick or you find pests, then feeding should be stopped until it recovers.

To ensure high-quality budding and flowering, it is necessary to have cool temperatures in winter. If you give the plant fertilizer and all proper care, then it will bloom from May until autumn. They even exist hybrid varieties, which bloom almost all year round. Sluggish inflorescences need to be cut off so that the young flowers will look better. Leaves are usually not trimmed.

To get seeds, you need to pollinate the plant yourself by moving the pollen with a brush between the flowers.

Anthurium transplantation at home

If you buy a plant in a store, it will soon need to be transplanted into a larger pot, since the containers in which flowers are sold are usually not comfortable for them.

Transplantation of home anthurium is carried out in spring or summer. This is done if the plant has “grown” from an old pot or if the soil has changed composition. Young anthuriums need to be replanted every year, and older plants every couple or three years.

An anthurium pot should be made of plastic or glass. If you want a clay container, then it must be covered with glaze inside, otherwise the roots will grow into the pot. It is better not to take containers that are too deep and wide, as the water in them will stagnate more often.

Regarding the substrate, you can buy soil for orchids, or you can make soil for anthurium yourself. Its composition will include peat, leaf and coniferous land, as well as sand (1: 1: 1: 0.5), in addition to this you need to add charcoal and bark coniferous trees.

You need to carefully remove anthurium from an old container, because it has a very tender roots. The rhizome must be cleared of soil and rotten parts removed. Next, it is treated with phytolavine and placed in another pot, with drainage already placed.

The new soil is poured so that it settles well, and at the end it is compacted. When finished, the substrate should not reach the top of the pot by a couple of centimeters. Unlike many other plants, anthurium can be replanted during flowering, as it is not too sensitive to this process.

How to divide anthurium when transplanting

When transplanting, you can propagate anthurium by dividing the bush. Young flowers cannot be divided. This operation can be carried out for the first time only at the 4th year of the plant’s life.

No special skills are required here. You just need to divide the bush so that each division has both leaves and buds. Then they are simply seated and watered.

Care after transplantation is no different from normal care at home. The only caveat is to stop feeding for 15 days after transplantation.

Anthurium from seeds at home

After artificial pollination of flowers, seeds will appear and as soon as they ripen, and this takes up to 10 months, you need to plant. There is no point in storing seeds, as they quickly lose their viability.

The seed is removed from the berry, washed and kept for several minutes in a light solution of potassium permanganate. For sowing you need a light, loose soil with a small ball of perlite on top. The seeds should be placed on the ground and lightly pressed into it.

Next, this container is covered with glass and the temperature around it is kept at about 22°C. After about 15 days, seedlings will appear, which, with the formation of two or three true leaves, dive into the soil for adult anthuriums with the addition of mullein. As the seedlings develop, they will need to be planted in large pots.

Plants from seeds will begin to bloom well only in the fifth year. Before this, flowering will be weak. Please note that when propagated by seeds, varietal qualities are lost. Due to the latter circumstance, anthurium is usually propagated by cuttings.

Anthurium propagation by lateral shoots

The lateral shoots are separated from the plant and planted in another container with sand or perlite. They are covered with glass and periodically ventilated and moistened.

The temperature for root formation should be approximately 23°C. Next, the seedlings are transplanted into soil for adult plants.

Diseases and pests of anthurium

• If your anthurium does not bloom, but only produces leaves, then diseases and pests may be the cause, but most often this is not the case. proper care behind the flower, excessive fertilization.
• Among the pests that can infect the plant are aphids, scale insects and spider mites.
• Rot, which also forms due to improper care, is dangerous for the plant.
• If you notice that the tips of the leaves of your plant are drying, then this is most likely anthracnose.
• Excessive amounts of calcium lead to the formation of spots on anthurium leaves.
• The leaves of the plant begin to turn yellow as the roots rot. In this case, you urgently need to clean the roots and replant.
• At excessive watering Spots appear on anthurium leaves.
• And the leaves of a plant curl if it is placed in a draft or suffers from direct sun rays. A similar reaction is also observed to low humidity and lack of light.
• The reason that the leaves become smaller is a lack of lighting or fertilizing.
• But small flowers usually appear due to the fact that you do not remove old and wilted ones, which continue to take away life-giving forces.
• If your anthurium leaves turn green, then most likely there is no need to sound the alarm. In most cases, this simply stops the flowering period. In this case, cut off the green parts of the bract. But if greening still continues, then perhaps you need to replant, because anthurium has such a reaction to soil depletion.

If you want to start it on the windowsill spectacular plant, blooming all year round almost without interruption, choose anthurium. In summer, when favorable conditions, it is capable of simultaneously holding 6-10 large flowers, in winter - on average 3-4. Moreover, such flowering is easy to achieve by growing anthurium at home, even without lighting.

Each anthurium flower consists of a long inflorescence-cob and a bract of various colors: white, red, pink, green, brown, burgundy, etc. It is the color of the spathe that sets the general impression of the plant as a whole and often becomes the basis for the name of the variety. For example, Anthurium Andre variety Vivaro Pink expectedly has pink color flowers, and the Black Queen variety reveals almost black bedspreads.

In nature, anthuriums are epiphytes and semi-epiphytes, living on the bark of trees or next to them (in the remains of leaves, branches and other debris) in tropical forests. There are about 900 species of these plants, among which there are subshrubs and vines. But at home, only 3 species are widely used - Andre's anthurium, Scherzer's anthurium and crystal anthurium (decorative deciduous).

Most often in stores they sell Andre's anthurium - a subshrub with heart-shaped leathery leaves. The stem of Andre's anthurium is initially short, but with age it lengthens to several tens of centimeters (in this case, rejuvenation is recommended by rooting the apex). The cover of the flower is glossy, with a bright shine and pronounced veins. The flower spadix is ​​straight. Anthurium Andre at home usually grows to 0.4-0.5 m in height, but in nature it is even larger and can reach 1 meter or more.

Anthurium Andre - the most profusely flowering species of anthurium

Less commonly, you can find Scherzer’s anthurium, the spadix of which is not straight, like Andre’s, but curved into a spiral, like a pig’s tail. The leaves are also different, elongated, lanceolate. The flower cover is oval, dense, matte, without a pronounced shine. Anthurium Scherzer is more compact than Andre, its height is up to 30 cm.

Anthurium Scherzer is often called the “flamingo flower” due to the similarity of its flowers to a tropical bird.

Anthurium Crystal is an even rarer representative of anthuriums, the flowers of which have no decorative value. It is grown for its large heart-shaped leaves with a spectacular pattern of silver veins. The height of the crystal anthurium is about 45 cm.

Crystal anthurium is valued for its decorative large leaves which can reach 40 cm in length and 35 cm in width

Caring for any type of anthurium at home is almost identical.

Conditions for growth and flowering of anthurium

Anthurium is often considered a capricious plant. But it is not so. In fact, it is quite possible to grow anthurium at home if you follow simple rules regarding the choice of soil, watering regime and compliance with temperature and humidity conditions. Let's look at these rules in more detail.

Anthurium at home requires heat, high air humidity and moderate soil moisture

As soon as you bring the anthurium home after purchasing it, the question arises where to put the flower and what conditions to create for it in order to preserve its presentation for as long as possible. To do this, you will have to try to bring the conditions for keeping anthurium at home closer to those to which it is accustomed in nature.

Location and lighting

After purchasing, the anthurium can be placed on any light windowsill. However, direct sunlight should be avoided. Therefore, if you only have a south window, place the anthurium at a short distance from it (30-50 cm) or use shading with blinds or tulle during the day. If you place a homemade anthurium to fry directly in the sun without shading, then sunburn will appear on the leaves ( yellow spots), and the flowers will bloom on petioles that are too short.

Anthurium near the south window must be shaded, for example, using blinds

Western and eastern window sills are considered the best for placing anthurium. Northern bright windows are also suitable. But if they are shaded from the street by trees, then the lighting may become insufficient. And this will affect the condition of the plant not in better side. The cuttings will become too long, the flowers will become small, the flowering will be sparse or even disappear. Therefore, on such windows, the anthurium flower at home will have to be additionally illuminated using lamps (fluorescent, gas-discharge, LED).

Temperature

Anthurium is a heat-loving plant that cannot tolerate cold and drafts. In summer, at the peak of flowering, the best temperatures for it are 25-30°C. In winter, special coolness is also not required; the minimum temperature during this period is 16-18°C. Under such conditions, anthurium can exist for a long time without losing its decorative qualities.

Going beyond the temperature limits is also possible, but only for a short time. If the temperature drops to 5°C at night (for example, in autumn, when the plant is kept on a balcony or terrace), then the anthurium leaves will begin to turn yellow and growth will slow down or stop. At zero and negative temperature indoor flower Anthurium does not survive.

Air humidity

Anthurium is a resident of tropical forests, so it loves high air humidity, ideally 70-80%. If the air in the apartment is dry, it will have to be humidified by any suitable means.

The traditional way to moisten a plant is by spraying. Anthurium can be sprayed with warm, settled water, making sure that the water only gets on the leaves, stem and aerial roots. Flowers should be covered, otherwise unsightly spots will remain on them. In winter, especially at cool temperatures, it is not advisable to spray directly on parts of the anthurium. It is better to spray the air around the plant with a fine spray.

You can increase the humidity by covering the surface of the substrate with damp sphagnum moss. It is well saturated with moisture and gradually evaporates it, moisturizing the aerial roots and, in general, the air around the plant. When using sphagnum moss, you should periodically check its moisture level and, when dry, spray it with water from a spray bottle.

The surface of the anthurium substrate is covered with a layer of wet sphagnum moss

Another option, widely used among anthurium lovers: a pot with a flower is placed on a tray filled with wet expanded clay. Expanded clay should be constantly sprayed, and it, in turn, will evaporate this moisture, humidifying the air.

A pot with anthurium can be placed on a tray with wet expanded clay or pebbles to increase the air humidity around the plant

Water containers, an aquarium, and a humidifier can also help humidify the air.

Anthurium belongs to epiphytes or semi-epiphytes, capable of living practically without soil and producing useful material from tree bark, fallen leaves and branches, forest litter. That's why we need a special one. It should be loose, allow moisture and air to pass through well, and retain nutrients.

There is a special soil for anthuriums on sale, for example, Polessky substrate “for anthuriums”. It contains peat, pine bark, sand, coconut fiber and chips.

You can buy soil for anthurium at a flower shop or make it yourself from available components.

However, it is not necessary to look for a special primer; it is easier to prepare it yourself by mixing the necessary components. The simplest one, great suitable composition for anthuriums: universal soil based on peat + bark in a ratio of 50:50.

In general, as a basis for soil for anthuriums, you can take universal or slightly acidic soil, pieces of bark and add any of the following components:

• perlite;
• vermiculite;
• pieces of charcoal (good resistance to root rot);
• sphagnum moss (small amount);
• coconut fiber (small amount);
• expanded clay chips;
• coarse sand.

Aerial roots develop on the anthurium stem, which, just like ordinary roots, require nutrition. They come from the stem, some reach the substrate, others remain in their infancy. To prevent the aerial roots of the anthurium from drying out, cover the surface of the substrate in the pot with sphagnum moss and spray it regularly. This procedure perfectly moisturizes aerial roots and increases air humidity in general.

Anthurium roots extending to the surface of the substrate should be covered with sphagnum moss

Anthurium: how to care?

Anthurium does not belong to fast growing plants requiring 24/7 attention. Therefore, the main care activities - watering and fertilizing - are carried out carefully, without excessive fanaticism.

Despite the statements of some sellers, anthurium does not like damp, non-drying soil. In a constantly wet state, the anthurium root begins to rot and, without resuscitation procedures, dies very quickly.

Unfortunately, about 90% of deaths of all domestic anthuriums are associated with flooding and root rotting. “It works here.” Golden Rule": it is better to underfill than to overfill. In other words, anthurium tolerates fairly long drying quite well, but one good flood can easily kill it.

In order for anthurium to settle on your windowsill for a long time, its watering must be strictly regulated. It is enough to water it after drying the substrate for half the pot. Some gardeners use the weight of the pot to determine how dry the soil is. Before watering the anthurium, they lift the pot. If it's light, it's time to water. If you feel heaviness, you can wait.

Even in the summer heat, anthurium needs watering no more than once every 1-1.5 weeks. In winter - even less often, approximately once every 2-3 weeks (depending on temperature and humidity).

Watering anthurium at home is done with warm (above room temperature, about 30-34°C), settled water. Any water that leaks into the pan must be drained immediately so that it does not stagnate.

Very often, anthuriums die from waterlogging of the substrate, so they should be watered very carefully and only warm water

Feeding

If you have an anthurium, caring for it should include periodic feeding. In summer, to stimulate flowering, fertilizers are used to flowering plants With increased content potassium and phosphorus. In winter, if the plant does not bloom, stop feeding. If it blooms, you can feed it according to the established scheme. Fertilizer for anthurium is applied once every 2-3 weeks.

Crystal anthurium is naturally fed with fertilizer for decorative foliage plants.

Anthurium is very responsive to organic feeding. You can use infusion chicken manure or mullein - no more than once a month.

An important step in caring for anthurium is replanting.

The first transplant is usually performed after purchasing the plant. Anthurium easily tolerates transplantation even in in a flourishing state, so there is no need to wait for the end of flowering.

In the future, young anthuriums are replanted every year, and adults - once every 2-3 years. Best time for this event it is spring. Although, if necessary, for example, if there is suspicion of root rot or flooding, replanting can be done at any time of the year. Read about anthurium transplantation.

When replanting an anthurium, you should handle the roots carefully; they are very fragile and can break from careless movement.

Valuable tips for caring for anthurium at home are given in the video:

Caring for house anthurium flowers is, in principle, simple. The most important thing is that with the right approach, this plant will definitely thank you. Anthurium Andre and Scherzer – year-round flowering, crystal anthurium - large, showy leaves.

Anthurium is a bright, beautiful perennial flower. IN wildlife it is distributed in the subtropical forests of South America and on most islands Pacific Ocean. Botanists count more than 500 species of this plant; many varieties have been successfully cultivated and are widely used for interior decoration. residential buildings And winter gardens. Heat-loving anthurium - caring for it at home is not easy; it is much easier to grow it in a greenhouse, where you can easily maintain required temperature air and humidity levels. But true flower growers are not afraid of difficulties, and exotic flower increasingly found in apartment settings.

Description of appearance

Anthurium belongs to the large Araceae family. It has the structure of a bush, above which rises a long peduncle with bright, large flowers. Thanks to this feature, the flower got its name - translated from ancient Greek, anthurium means “tail flower.” The plant can reach a meter in height, the leaves are large, dense, with a waxy coating, and a rich bright green color.

Anthurium flowers are small and unusual looking, collected into an oblong ear of milky, creamy or yellow color. At the base of the cob are large, brightly colored leaves called the spathe. It is they, in combination with the cob, that give the bush such interesting view, for which the name “fiery tongue” appeared among the common people.

Anthurium emits a specific, tart aroma. It looks good in pots, as an ornamental foliage plant, and as a cut flower. It is highly valued by florists for the ability to create original flower arrangements with its help.

Carefully! Anthurium juice is poisonous, so the plant should be placed out of the reach of animals and should not be left in a child’s room.

Features of caring for anthurium at home

To grow an anthurium, its care must be carefully thought out. Considering that in nature it grows in the humid tropics, the living conditions in the apartment should be as close as possible to its natural habitat.

Lighting

Properly selected lighting is one of the main factors determining the decorativeness of a plant. There are three rules that must be followed.

• Anthurium loves diffuse light, but can do well in the shade, so the ideal placement is windows facing east or west.
• Direct exposure to scorching sun rays will inevitably lead to the formation of leaf burns, so on the windowsill, especially in summer time, it is not recommended to keep the plant. It is better to place it on a stand or stand, at a distance of about 50-70 cm from the window.
• Caring for anthurium in winter involves maintaining the usual length of daylight, so it is recommended to move the pots to a window facing south or use additional artificial lighting.

Air temperature

The flower is heat-loving, therefore optimal temperature in summer it ranges from +22 °C to +26 °C. In winter, starting from the end of September, the temperature should be reduced slightly - to +17 °C. In early March, gradually increase to summer values. This will ensure flowering in the coming season.

The most important thing in caring for anthurium at home is to avoid drafts in the room, exotic plant doesn't like this very much. It is better to keep it away from open windows and take it to another room for ventilation.

Air humidity

Perhaps this condition is one of the most difficult to fulfill, because the shrub needs a humidity level of 70–85%. You can try to provide decent living conditions by frequent (up to 3-4 times a day) spraying, placing containers with water and wet pebbles near the flower, but the best solution will purchase a humidifier. This is the only way to not worry that the anthurium will weaken, get sick and lose its former attractiveness.

Watering

A resident of the tropics needs infrequent but abundant watering with soft water. Quality care behind anthurium implies special system glaze.

In summer, it is enough to carry out the procedure once every 2-3 days, depending on the air temperature. It is important not to allow moisture to stagnate at the bottom of the container, so you should make sure you have a special tray in advance. Otherwise, the soil will become acidic and various types of infections will occur.

In winter, watering is reduced to once every 6-7 days, but given that the shrub needs a humid habitat, it is advisable to give it a shower 2-3 times a week. This will help refresh the plant and also remove dust accumulated on the leaves. It is recommended to wipe the surface of the leaves and stems with a damp cloth or cotton pads.

Important! You cannot spray the flower of the bush itself, otherwise the cob will change color (small brown spots will appear) or dry out

Soil composition

Loose, breathable substrates are suitable for cultivation. The flower prefers slightly acidic soil, with a pH level of 6.0. You can buy a special mixture for aroids in stores or prepare it yourself. There are many options for creating light, nutritious substrates, the most popular ones are presented below.

Substrate composition No. 1:

• Peat - 2 parts,
• Swamp moss – 2 parts,
• Sod land – 1 part

Substrate composition No. 2:

• Small expanded clay – 1 part
• Peat – 1 part,
• Crushed pine bark (pieces about 2 cm) – 1 part.

For good aeration, you can add a little sand to any composition, broken bricks or fine pieces of pumice. And for nutritional value - charcoal, crushed pine cones.

Place drainage at the bottom of the pot (at least a third of the total volume), then lay out the thoroughly mixed mixture.

Feeding

To ensure proper care of anthurium at home, it is necessary to fertilize regularly. Once every 2 weeks is enough. Considering that shrubs are sensitive to excess mineral salts in the soil, concentrated fertilizers should be diluted big amount water. Foliar feeding is the most effective; once a week you can safely spray the leaves with complex mineral fertilizers.

When growing plants, great importance is attached to organic matter. If you can find it, you can water the soil once a month with an infusion of chicken manure, but this must be done carefully and only after watering it with water. Concentrated organic fertilizers can cause root burns. As mulch you can use rotted horse or cow dung, fresh leaf humus.

How to properly replant anthurium?

The roots of the shrub are fragile and delicate, so you should not replant unless absolutely necessary. Once every 2 years will be enough. For replanting, you should choose a container with a diameter greater than 1-2 cm. In addition, too frequent replanting into larger containers is not an indicator of good anthurium care. The annual “change of residence” stimulates the development of the root system and the growth of leaves, and the setting of buds nutrients it won't be enough anymore.

Interesting opinion experienced flower growers on the topic of choosing the material from which the pot is made. It is believed that it is better to give preference plastic containers, not ceramic. Plastic has good thermal conductivity, so the temperature of the soil and air will always be approximately the same. Besides, plastic pots often equipped with 3 or 5 holes, and this is very important for natural circulation air of the root system.

When transplanting, drainage and substrate are prepared, after which the plant is carefully placed in a new container and the composition of the mixture is evenly distributed. After lightly compacting the top layer, the anthurium is watered with warm water.

Advice! If the roots of the plant protrude slightly through the top layer of soil, there is no need to immediately begin an unscheduled replanting. You can cover them with bog moss to prevent them from drying out.

How to stimulate flowering?

Sometimes, even with the best care for anthurium, at home it refuses to bloom. You can prepare in advance for the upcoming season and “outsmart” the plant.

At the end of January, when the shrub is in a dormant state, you should gradually raise the air temperature to +21–22 °C. And closer to the onset of spring days, water with soft water heated to 45–60 °C. This will help the plant “wake up” faster and activate the process of flower stalk formation.

Under favorable conditions, the shrub blooms from spring to late autumn, and one inflorescence can delight with its splendor for at least a month.

This is interesting! According to ancient legend, an Indian beauty, in order to avoid a wedding with a hated groom, jumped into a burning fire. Her red Wedding Dress it immediately flared up, and the gods, seeing the girl’s torment, decided to save her by turning her into a beautiful, bright flower.

Diseases and pests of anthurium

Sometimes caring for anthurium is difficult for a beginner, since the pampered plant is susceptible to various diseases and pest attacks. Many of them are successfully treated with modern medications; the main thing is to notice the disease or pest in time. Therefore, it is advisable to closely inspect the plant every day.

1. Gray rot

It appears as a gray coating similar to mold. It affects the leaves and stems of the plant.

Causes: arises due to high humidity and air temperature, leads to the gradual death of leaves.

Treatment: gray mold is a fungus that can be gotten rid of by spraying with a 2% solution laundry soap, mixed with a 2% solution of copper sulfate. The procedure can be repeated no earlier than 10 days later.

1. Anthractosis

A serious and intractable disease in which the leaves turn yellow, begin to dry out along the edges and fall off.

Causes: The causative agent is a fungal infection, its development is provoked by too high air humidity, mechanical damage stem, leaves and lack of potassium or phosphorus.

Treatment: if the disease is at an initial stage, then the plant can be saved by treating it with fungicides: Oxychom, Previkur, copper sulfate and others. If the situation is advanced, then it is better to destroy the anthurium to avoid infecting other indoor plants.

1. Root rot

Another common disease that occurs as a result of improper care of anthurium at home. Symptoms: the plant wilts, the root system turns brown.

Causes: The causative agent of the disease is fungal spores caused by excessive waterlogging of the substrate.

Treatment: If it was possible to recognize the symptoms of the disease in time, then the affected roots are cut off, the cut areas are sprinkled with ash or charcoal and the flower is planted in a disinfected container and on a new substrate.

1. Spider mite

It is quite easy to recognize the pest by its silvery web with inside leaf.

Causes: dry indoor air.

Treatment:

The surface of the entire plant is covered with small, light green insects.

Causes: dry indoor air and elevated temperature. Most often, aphids attack plants on hot summer days.

Treatment: Washing off insects with a solution of potassium soap or killing them using chemicals.

1. Shchitovka

These are small lice that form many dark growths on the leaves.

Causes: dry indoor air.

Treatment: The surface of the leaves is washed with a solution of laundry soap.

Attention! Anthurium is extremely sensitive to chemicals, and before starting treatment, you should consult with a specialist who will help you choose a gentle remedy.

What else should you be wary of when examining an anthurium?

• The tips of the leaves have turned black. There is an excess of calcium salts in the substrate.
• The leaves curl. Perhaps exposure to a draft, sunburn or too dry air.
• Light spots appeared on the leaves. Most likely, the cause was hypothermia of the bush; the air temperature should be increased.

With good care, anthurium can become the pride of a gardener. This exotic shrub is so attractive and unusual that it will take its rightful place in any interior.

Anthurium care video

Anthurium is a unique plant that evokes admiration. It has a magnificent flower shape and leaf color. Flower growers often find flowering anthuriums rather than decorative deciduous ones, which can also please with their beautiful patterns on the leaves.

How to care

Anthurium is heat-loving plant. It is very sensitive to temperature changes. The plant does not tolerate drafts and cold air. To maintain the flower, it is recommended to maintain a temperature of about 20 degrees.

If possible, in winter period It is better to place the anthurium in an indoor greenhouse. In summer, a window sill would be a great place for it. Direct sunlight is contraindicated for Anthurium, so it is necessary to choose a shady place or shade the glass.

It is necessary to water the anthurium regularly, preventing the soil from drying out. But stagnant water in the pot is also undesirable. In winter, it is recommended to water the flower with warm water, the temperature of which is several degrees higher than room temperature. In summer, it is advisable to spray the plant and ensure that dust does not accumulate on the leaves; it must be washed off.

It is better to cover the roots that appear on the surface with moss, which should be moistened when watering. In spring, during the period of intensive growth and flowering, Anthurium requires fertilizing from mineral fertilizers, special for flowering plants. The flower should be fertilized twice a week. With proper care, anthurium will bloom throughout the summer season.

It is better to replant an indoor flower with caution and only if it is really necessary. For example, the pot became cramped or during reproduction. Anthurium develops well in wide, low pots, the bottom of which should have a thick drainage layer.

When replanting, the plant should be deepened a little, being careful with the roots and leaves. After the plant is replanted, it must be tied to a stake. The best soil for anthurium will be a mixture of forest soil with swamp moss and light turf soil.

Features of Anthurium propagation

The plant reproduces both by seeds and by dividing the bush. For propagation, the first method will require scattering the seeds into an acidic substrate. But such an activity brings a lot of trouble. The second method is well practiced at home and is common in flowering varieties.

And in decorative deciduous trees, aerial roots appear on the upper parts of the stems to be transplanted. It is best to plant the separated plants in special soil for anthuriums and preferably keep them in a greenhouse. Anthurium is similar in nature to its care.

Exotic anthurium, or as it is called “male happiness,” pleases with beautiful foliage, unusual bright flowers with delicate inflorescences, similar to a candle. If you want the plant to feel comfortable at home, you should know the secrets of care and replanting.

Features of growing anthuriums at home

Despite its high decorative value, anthurium is easy to care for if you know certain secrets. Like all tropical plants, it loves moist air and does not tolerate drafts or direct sunlight. Watering should be moderate so that there is no stagnation of water: 3-4 times a week in the summer, and once in the winter is enough. It is better to drain the water from the pan so that the earthen ball does not become waterlogged. Fertilize the soil twice a month with a product for flowering plants. Don’t forget about periodic replanting into fresh soil.

It is important to choose the right soil and pot, as well as take care of plant rejuvenation

Secrets of proper plant transplantation

When purchasing an anthurium, it is worth remembering that it is better to immediately transplant the plant into new pot: this will help you understand the condition of the roots, and also replace the soil with a better one.

The plant is replanted in the following cases:

• It is recommended to replant young anthuriums once a year, older ones - once every 3–4 years;
• if rusty or white coating, which indicates soil depletion;
• if it becomes noticeable that the pot for the plant is too small;
• if the plant is sick, to examine the roots and replace the soil with fresher and healthier soil.

Which pot to choose for anthurium

Since the roots of “male happiness” grow more to the sides rather than down, it is better to choose a wide container for transplantation so that moisture does not stagnate.

It is important to choose the right pot size - if it is too large, pathogenic organisms will develop in the ground.

By the way, it depends on its size future result: if you want to propagate a plant, then it is better to choose a wider one - then the anthurium will grow well and form children, but it will bloom worse. It has been noticed that in a cramped space “male happiness” blooms better. In this case, when replanting, you should select a container that is not much larger than the previous one. So, a container with a width of 25–35 cm in diameter is suitable for an adult anthurium. Speaking of material, it is worth purchasing a plastic pot - this will help create a normal temperature regime.

If you have to replant a plant into a previously used pot, be sure to treat it with boiling water or a solution of potassium permanganate

What kind of soil is needed

Choice correct soil for anthurium - important task. A simple solution is to buy a special substrate for flowering plants (for example, aroids, bromeliads, and orchids): it has excellent air permeability and low acidity (pH-5.5–6.5). Visually, it should be loose and fibrous.

You can prepare the mixture yourself: take peat, sphagnum moss and fertile land, add some coconut fiber and charcoal. Or you can mix crushed sphagnum, peat and sod land in a ratio of 2:2:1. The flower will also like this soil mixture: humus, leaf soil, peat and sand in a ratio of 2:1:1:0.5. It is worth remembering that the structure of the soil is important, so chopped sphagnum is added to it in small quantities (10–15% of the total volume), fine expanded clay, pine bark, charcoal.

When is the best time to replant?

It is preferable to replant “male happiness” in spring or summer. But sometimes there is a need to do this in the fall, then you should be very careful when replanting. After moistening the soil, the plant is removed from the pot, being careful not to damage the roots. Transfer into a container slightly larger than the previous one, carefully replacing the top layer of soil. If necessary, add a little soil or moistened moss to cover the exposed aerial roots.

Features of transplantation after purchase

As mentioned earlier, after purchasing the plant, it is recommended to immediately replant it. Otherwise, it may die: after all, for sale it is grown in a minimal amount of coconut or peat mixture, abundantly filled with fertilizers. This allows the plant to look decorative, but depletes its strength for further growth and development.

If the plant was blooming when purchased, then it is worth trimming the peduncles, shriveled and yellowed leaves, which will help the anthurium to take root faster

After watering thoroughly, remove the root ball from the container. Before this, if the container is made of soft plastic, you can lightly knead the pot or tap it on the table to make it easier to remove the flower. After inspecting the roots (if they are rotten or damaged, making sure that there are no pests), you can plant the anthurium in a new container. If there are rotten roots, they should be cut off and the rhizome should be sprayed with Phytolavin, which is sold in gardening stores.

At the bottom of the pot you need to lay a drainage layer of expanded clay, pour in the prepared soil, and lay it ready for replanting. indoor plant, add soil to cover the aerial roots and carefully compact the soil. The soil level should be 2–3 cm lower from the edge of the pot.

Video: step-by-step transplantation of anthurium

At correct transplantation Soon you can expect the appearance of new foliage and inflorescences.

Is it necessary to divide anthurium and how to do it correctly

To propagate a plant, it is enough to divide it when transplanting. But this should be done only after the flower reaches 4 years of age. After moistening the soil, carefully remove the root ball from the pot and divide the rhizome so that each part of the plant has not only enough stems with leaves, but also buds.

It is best to divide a flower in January-February, when it is in a relative state of rest (sheds its leaves), but exceptions are possible

Often it is not possible to separate the rhizome with your hands, then you can use sharp knife, having previously treated it in a solution of potassium permanganate or boiling water. Plant small plants in compact containers, taking care of drainage and quality soil. After planting, slightly compact the soil around the stems and water.

Features of plants with aerial roots

Anthurium has a special root system: an adult plant forms a large number of aerial roots that do not like to dry out. A small amount of soil is enough for them (for example, when transplanting, the aerial roots need only be slightly deepened, compacting the soil around them), and those roots that still remain on the surface should be covered with moistened sphagnum.

How to treat anthurium roots

When replanting, it is important to carefully examine the roots: if rotting is noticeable, the damaged parts should be cut off, sprinkled with coal or ash, and left for 1–2 hours to dry. Further root system should be treated with fungicides (Fitosporin or potassium permanganate).

Is it possible to replant a flowering plant?

It is better to replant any plant after flowering has completed, but anthurium does not react as severely to replanting during flowering as other plants. It is recommended to trim the flower stalks and withered leaves so that the flower takes root faster. If you don’t want to lose its decorative appearance, then careful handling of the plant will not harm it.

What to do after

After transplantation, care for the anthurium is usual: protect from direct sunlight and cold. In the future, you need to water it moderately with settled water as the soil dries, spray the leaves and moisten the moss that covers the aerial roots. There is no need to fertilize for a few weeks after, let the plant adapt.

Step-by-step instructions for planting and transplanting

Proper transplantation promotes the development of the plant, and step-by-step instruction will help speed up this process:

1. Preparation. Choose the right pot, soil; We prepare drainage, settled water, a sharp, disinfected knife, as well as means for treating the roots if the plant is sick. Approximately the height of the container should correspond to its width - the anthurium will feel comfortable in such a container

   When replanting anthurium, remember that drainage should occupy at least 1/3 of the pot

Water the plant well; when the earthen ball is completely moistened, carefully remove the anthurium, holding the stems close to the surface of the earth, trying not to damage the roots.

Save the root ball so the plant can adapt faster

Carefully inspect the roots, cut off rotted and damaged roots, sprinkle with coal, and, if necessary, treat (fungicides/insecticides).

Carefully inspect the rhizome: the future condition of your plant depends on this

Place a layer of drainage on the bottom (expanded clay, pebbles, bark), add some soil. After installing the plant, add soil so that the roots and the spaces between them are covered with soil.

The soil needs to be evenly distributed, compacting a little on top

Having chosen a warm place without drafts and bright sunlight, the plant is left alone for several days.

How to rejuvenate anthurium

Over time, anthurium loses its attractiveness: lower leaves die off, exposing an inconspicuous stem, the leaves of the plant noticeably decrease, the flowers become crushed or disappear altogether. Ignorance of age is not a problem: appearance“male happiness” will always tell you when to rejuvenate it.

There are several ways to update an old plant:

• The top of an adult anthurium with several primordia of aerial roots should be cut off. Plant it in a small container with loose substrate, deepening only the roots.
• Wrap the upper part of the stem with the beginnings of aerial roots with moistened moss. When the roots grow through the sphagnum moss, cut off the stem with a ball of moss and plant it in loose soil.

Cut tops usually take root well, but to increase the chances, before planting, moisten the lower edge of the cutting in a root formation stimulator (Kornevin, etc.)

It is especially convenient to carry out an operation to rejuvenate anthurium during transplantation: it is enough to separate the young shoots, as well as cut off the crown for rooting and plant them in prepared soil.

Video: Anthurium rejuvenation

Life after transplant: possible problems

Incorrect replanting (choice of soil, careless handling of the plant, improper post-care, etc.) can cause growth retardation, disease, or even develop into something more serious: the death of the plant.

A suitable soil composition can be easily purchased at a specialized store or prepared independently, following the recommendations. Replanting requires especially careful treatment of the plant, because the roots are very fragile and easily damaged, and their inattentive inspection can lead to the death of the anthurium. After replanting, the plant should be placed in a quiet place (carefully protected from drafts and direct sunlight), watering when the top layer of soil dries out. Remember to spray the plants regularly, but reduce watering: weak roots may begin to rot. Postpone fertilizing for at least a couple of weeks.

Why doesn't anthurium grow?

Slow growth may be due to the fact that the wrong period was chosen for this operation. It is best to do this from February to August, when the plant is actively growing.

The plant should be planted in the soil a little deeper than before.

As mentioned earlier, for young plants the frequency of replanting is once a year (less than 2 times), for adults - once every 3–4 years in order to replace the soil with a more nutritious one.

The leaves have turned yellow

If the leaves turn yellow after transplantation, then water may be stagnant. The lack of a drainage layer, not too loose soil - all this leads to rotting of the roots and yellowing of the leaves. It is necessary to replant the plant again according to the recommendations, cutting off the rotten roots and treating them with special preparations.

Yellowing and drying of only the edges of the leaves can be caused by too dry air.

: Anthurium is a tropical plant that needs to be sprayed with warm water

Caring for anthurium is not so difficult: it tropical plant loves moist air, warmth and proper care. Simple rules(how to replant a flower, what conditions to create for it, etc.) will help you admire the abundant flowering and exquisite beauty of the plant all year round.