Aerator for flexible roofing. Roof aerator: device and installation of ventilation elements for the under-roof space. Installation of point aerators

06.03.2020

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The installation of aerators on the roof is necessary, since their presence prevents the destruction of the roofing carpet under the influence of moisture that forms in the under-roof space.

Desire to save money on furnishings roof ventilation leads to many problems: first of all, the roof begins to leak, icicles collect on the eaves, and a damp smell appears in the house. As a result, the expensive coating material is destroyed very quickly. The fact is that moisture gets into the thermal insulation layer and the elements of the rafter system.

This problem can be solved by installing a roof aerator, which is an artificial ventilation duct. Air circulates through it, drawing out excess moisture and drying the cake structure from the inside.

Reasons for the appearance of moisture in the roofing pie

Manufacturers finishing coatings for roofs they position their materials as airtight, so where does moisture come from in the roofing pie, even though it contains layers of vapor and waterproofing?

Unfortunately, the presence of moist vapors is present in any apartment or house. They are formed as a result of cooking, taking water procedures, washing and breathing of people. According to scientific research, it was found that in houses where a family of 4 people lives, at least 2 liters of water vapor are formed per day. It partially settles in the under-roof space.

When warm steam comes into contact with cold surfaces, condensation forms. As a result, water droplets impregnate the materials and structural elements of the roof into which they can penetrate. First of all, the vapors reach the insulation, rafter system and sheathing.

Another way for moisture to penetrate is the outside of the roof. Warm steam accumulates in the attic and heats the roofing from the inside. Snow gathering in winter period on the roof, starting to melt. When the air temperature drops, ice forms on the roof, and under certain conditions it can also melt. Water penetrates into the smallest gaps between the joints of the coating and leaks form on the roof.

The roofing material begins to gradually become covered with microcracks into which moisture penetrates. At sub-zero temperatures it freezes and tears the roof trim. The cracks are increasingly increasing and turning into through gaps. As a result, the roofing covering becomes unusable.

What is a roof aerator

This device consists of a pipe with a diameter of 6–11 centimeters made of stainless steel or polypropylene. A cap is installed on top of it, which protects the fan from precipitation getting inside it. The aerator helps dry the thermal insulation layer and accelerates the process of evaporation of condensate.

These devices are used in regions with different weather conditions, since they have good operational parameters and withstand temperature changes over a wide range from +90 to -50 degrees.

The roof aerator for metal tiles and other types of roof coverings is intended for the following purposes:

ventilation of layers roofing pie;
condensate evaporation;
removal of moist air;
preventing processes leading to roof destruction;
preventing leaks from occurring.

The principle of operation of aerators is the appearance of draft in the pipe, which arises due to low pressure created by external air currents.

Types of roof ventilation devices

According to the features of the design solution, there are several types of roof fans:

Spot. Such devices have a mushroom different shapes, they are equipped with fans. They are installed in a place where access is limited - this may be a complex roof configuration or skylights. Point products are divided into ridge and pitched. The first of them are installed under the ridge - they are intended to remove condensate and vapors along the entire structure of the ridge. This type of aerator is installed in areas that require increased circulation of air flow.
Continuous. They are placed evenly over the entire roofing surface and thus ensure ventilation of all layers of the “pie”, as well as areas of attics and attics. The most popular continuous aerators are moisture-resistant ventilation tape, which is installed in the waterproofing layer, and a ridge fan.
Turbine. They are produced in the form of a pipe and are equipped with an electric fan or electric hood. Experts advise giving preference to aluminum products because they are resistant to corrosion and do not change shape when exposed to high temperatures.

When choosing an aerator model, take into account the roof slope. Typically this information can be found on the product packaging.

Choosing an aerator

A certain type of device is used for different roofing coverings. For soft materials, aerators made from weather-resistant and impact-resistant polypropylene are suitable (read also: " "). Usually they are placed equidistant from each other at the highest points of the roofing or at the junction of thermal insulation slabs.

Such a device performs the following functions:

reduces pressure in the under-roof space;
removes steam from the layers of the “pie”;
prevents the appearance of condensation.

The aerator fan housing for metal tiles is made from materials that are resistant to corrosion and aggressive environments, exposure different temperatures and ultraviolet. Polypropylene and stainless steel.

For corrugated sheet coverings, the same materials are used for the deflector body as for metal tile roofs.

Installation of ridge aerators

Installation of devices of this type is simple and there is no need to complex calculations. The ridge aerator is placed along the entire length of the ridge. Experts recommend using this product for roofs with a slope of 12 to 45 degrees. It is mounted exclusively on the ridge and thereby provides air ventilation in the attic space.

Conditions for using the ridge aerator:

In order to ensure air flow, it is necessary to have vents on the eaves.
The device should be mounted along the entire length of the ridge - its segments are connected into a single structure.
Ridge tiles are laid on top of the assembled product, and therefore appearance the roof will not be damaged by the presence of a fan on it.

Arrangement of a ridge aerator for metal tiles or soft roof performed in a certain sequence:

To cut a ventilation groove, use circular saw. There can be either one hole (at the top point of the ridge) or two (on both sides). Depending on the manufacturer’s recommendations for a specific aerator model, the total gap thickness should be from 3 to 8 centimeters. The slots are cut so that they do not reach the edge of the ridge by about 30 centimeters. As a result, the roof on its sides is continuous.
In the place on the ridge where the gap was not made, ridge tiles are laid.
They begin to install the aerator: each of its segments is fixed with roofing nails or screws, which are screwed in through ready-made holes made at the manufacturing plant. The individual parts of the product are assembled into a single structure in the same way as is done with the parts of a construction set.
The profile of the ventilation product is covered ridge tiles– the petals of the roofing material are laid overlapping. Long special nails are used to attach the covering to the ventilation device.
The places where the ends come into contact with the roof are treated with silicone sealant.

Features of installation of point devices on metal tiles

Aerators of this type are installed:

on flat roofs or on roofs with a slope of less than 12 degrees;
as a complement to another type of device in order to increase ventilation efficiency;
if it is not possible to install a ridge product, for example, because there is no ridge, or there is an abutment of the roofing to walls or vertical surfaces.

Conditions for using a point aerator:

They are mounted on the slopes, maintaining a distance of 50-80 centimeters from the horizontal edge of the ridge.
Air flow must be ensured on overhangs.
One point device can provide high-quality ventilation over an area of up to 5 - 100 square meters of roof, depending on its model. Based on this value, the required number of ventilation products is calculated.

Technology for installing point devices on the roof:

IN continuous lathing make a hole whose dimensions must match the parameters of the internal channel of the aerator. To do this, apply the base skirt of the device to the surface of a sheet of plywood or OSB board and, through the passage channel, mark the contours of the gap on the roof with a nail or pencil. Using a jigsaw, cut a hole along the drawn line.
The skirt of the device is placed on top of it and secured with screws or roofing nails in an amount of at least 6 pieces. Some manufacturing companies recommend using adhesive fixation in addition to fasteners. In this case, apply to the back surface of the skirt bitumen mastic, glue it, and then only use the parts for fastening.
To waterproof the junction areas, bitumen glue is used over the skirt.
Shingles of tiles, trimmed at the points of contact, cover the skirt.
An aerator mesh is placed on top of it and secured with self-tapping screws. Then they install the cap (lid), snap it on and again use self-tapping screws for fastening.

Other point aerators for the roof are installed in a similar way according to the calculations made, which will ultimately amount to unified system ventilation.

As can be seen from the above information, the installation of such devices is not difficult work- inexperienced self-taught craftsmen can easily handle it.

Thanks to the presence of aerators on the roofs, water vapor is removed from the roofing pie, the formation of condensation and the spread of fungus and mold are prevented, unpleasant odor. Lack of these unfavorable factors has a positive effect on the service life wooden elements roofing structure and on the state of the microclimate in the residential and utility rooms of the house.

The quality and durability of the roof depends on many factors, including its protection from moisture and condensation. Moisture penetrates into the under-roof space from the environment or from the interior of the room (in the form of water vapor). In addition, soft roofing or thermal insulation materials can accumulate moisture already at the installation stage.

As a result, waterproofing and roofing materials are destroyed, the microclimate in the room is disrupted (the air becomes too humid, a musty smell, mold appears). In this case, the insulation also loses its properties (when 2-3% of the material gets wet, its thermal conductivity increases to 40%, which causes increased heating costs). The way out of this situation, as well as a means of preventing it, is to install a roof aerator.

What it is?

A roof aerator is a special device designed to remove condensate from the under-roof space. Externally, it looks like a pipe coming out of the roof and having an umbrella at the top for protection from precipitation. The pipe diameter is 63-110 mm. In most cases, the material used for manufacturing is polyethylene. Its installation is carried out on the roof, while its slope and the type of coating used do not matter.

The functions of the roof aerator are:

removal of condensate;
elimination of high humidity air;
ventilation of the under-roof space;
prevention of rotting of thermal insulation and other roofing materials:
reducing the risk of roof leaks.

Only a few aerators installed on the roof demonstrate effective operation. Their type and required quantity are calculated based on the size and condition of the roof, and the amount of moisture in the room.

Installation of the device can be carried out both at the construction stage and during the operation of the building.

Thanks to the installation of an aerator, wet steam rising from the room does not turn into condensation on the surface of the roofing carpet, which allows minimizing overpressure in the last. As is known, increased pressure in the roofing carpet leads to the formation of bubbles on the surface of the roof, which reduces its service life and causes an unsightly appearance.

An aerator is also needed for metal roofing, which, as you know, is also susceptible to moisture. Thanks to this device moisture is removed outside, and metal surfaces are protected from corrosion.

Finally, corrugated roofing also needs a similar “helper”. In this case, the aerator removes moisture, and with it the musty smell, dust and gases from the ventilation cushion, filling the space under the roof with fresh air.

Peculiarities

To drain the roof, it is necessary to achieve mixing of external and internal flows air. Due to this, it is possible to reduce the air temperature in the lower layers of the roof, close to the inside of the house, and move moisture to its upper layers. This, in turn, will lead to drying out thermal insulation material, and then the roofing carpet, roof elements. At the same time, with natural drying, the insulation completely restores its properties.

An aerator is a similar natural fan installed on the roof. Its work is carried out by creating traction in the pipe of the device. Thrust is generated due to the difference in pressure of wind flows in environment and under-roof zone.

The aerator structure consists of the following parts:

pipe with a diameter from 63 to 110 mm;
a special umbrella that covers the pipe from above and protects it from precipitation;
fastening system, thanks to which the pipe with an umbrella is securely and hermetically fixed to the roof surface.

For the manufacture of the aerator, durable plastic or stainless steel is used, which are resistant to frost, moisture, UV radiation, and corrosion. The operating temperature range of the pipe is -50… +90С.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantage of a roofing aerator is the ability to remove moisture outside, which prevents damage to the roofing material, promotes its durability, and also saves the roof from leaking. By removing moisture, the fan prevents corrosion of metal tiles and also helps maintain the properties of the thermal insulation material. For the building owner, this makes it possible to save on heating costs.

Along with moisture and condensation, the musty smell is removed, which contributes to the formation of a beneficial microclimate in the room. This, in turn, avoids the formation of mold, mildew and other pathogens in the room.

It is important that the device is suitable for all types of roofs, is combined with the most common types of roofing materials. Installation can even be done on roofs complex shape with elevation changes. Finally, it can be installed at all stages of construction or during the operation of the building. At the same time, the installation process does not require any special skills or tools.

The disadvantages of the system are the inability of point aerators to provide ventilation to the entire roof surface, which results in zones with stagnant air. As for the use of continuous aerators, their installation involves dismantling the roof, so it is better to install them at the construction stage.

Varieties

Depending on the type of roofing material used, there are the following types aerators:

For metal tiles. They are a pipe made of High quality PVC strength or stainless steel. These materials are resistant to temperature changes, exposure to direct sun rays, corrosion. Their installation is carried out in the upper part of the roof as close as possible to the ridge.
For soft roofing. The pipe is based on weather-resistant and impact-resistant polypropylene. It is mounted on the highest points of the roof along its entire surface, as well as at the joints of the slabs. Aerator in in this case reduces roof pressure, which prevents the formation of bubbles on it.
For corrugated sheets. In terms of its design and functions, it is similar to a device for a soft roof, but is mounted near the ridge.

In addition, today on the market you can find fans for roofs made of natural tiles and seam roofs. Depending on the type of roof, not only the material of manufacture and the location of the aerator changes, but also the type of its fastening. All these types of roofs can be found in the TechnoNikol catalog of domestic products. In terms of its technical characteristics and quality, it is no different from imported ones, but at the same time cheaper.

Depending on the number and type of installation, aerators are distinguished:

Spot. They are used for drying individual roof areas, usually for flat roofs.
Continuous. They are a chain of devices that provide ventilation to the entire roof.

Continuous structures, in turn, are divided into the following types:

Pitched. Scope of application pitched design– areas where it is necessary to increase the movement of air masses - long or complex slopes, roof valleys, as well as in those parts where the ventilated gap is interrupted.
Skates. A ridge aerator is most often mounted on attics that have a “ridge” type of insulation. Thanks to their use, it is possible to eliminate moisture vapor throughout the entire ridge area.

By the way, the use of a ridge aerator allows you not only to remove excess moisture, but also toxic fumes from bitumen, which is necessary for organizing a soft roof.

Pitched aerators can be of the following types.

Flat roof vents (or KTV vents). Visually, such devices look like tiles and have strainer, preventing the penetration of precipitation and insects into the under-roof space. Their scope of application is roofs with a slope of at least 25 degrees.
Fungal aerators. They are used on flat roofs and look like a pipe with an umbrella.

In addition, there are pitched turbine aerators, which can also be fungal or KTV type.

Along with the considered aerators, there is another type of them - turbine ones. Their main difference is the presence of an electric fan, due to which the ventilation process is more active. Turbine models are selected taking into account the roof slope. Best option such an aerator is made of aluminum.

It is a mistaken belief that overhangs provide roof ventilation. The overhang aero element, rather, provides an influx of air masses, while the fan in question ensures its removal together with air vapor. In other words, these are 2 elements that ensure the roof is dry. So, roll roofing with a ventilated device will last much longer than one where the installation of an aerator is not provided. Problems with the latter may arise after 3-5 years of operation of the new home.

Subtleties of operation

There is no specific rule according to which every home needs roofing aerators. Moreover, you can easily do without them in old-type houses with unheated attic space and the roof. In such structures, the air rising from the living quarters ends up in the attic, where it mixes with cold air and is then discharged through the unheated roof.

In new types of buildings, the roof is usually insulated to prevent heat loss from the building, and often the attic is equipped with attic rooms. In addition, in conditions of high construction rates, an insufficiently dried rafter system is often used. As a result, moisture vapor does not manage to “get out” and is absorbed into rafter system(usually not sufficiently dried), and then into the elements of the roofing pie. Undoubtedly, such buildings require aeroelements on the roof.

Preparation

Once you have decided to install aerators, you need to decide on their suitable look, installation location and required quantity.

Yes, on pitched roofs, covered metal tiles, devices are installed at the highest points of the roof, and they should be removed from the ridge by at least 50 cm. On flat roofs, aerators are usually installed at the joints of roofing slabs or in the highest areas.

For gable roof, equipped with a ridge and valley, will require installation of devices along the watershed line. There are cases when the fan is mounted under a ridge. Usually, this installation found on standing seam roofs.

Calculation

After the master decides on the type of aerator, he is concerned about how many meters of roof space 1 fan is enough for. As a rule, the maximum installation step is 12 meters.

As already mentioned, the number of pipes “with fungus” is influenced by the characteristics of the roof. For flat roofs 1 aerator per 100 sq.m. is enough. m of surface, while the distance between devices should be a maximum of 12 m. If there is a valley, aerators are installed along the watershed line.

Installation

Installing an aerator involves several working steps.

Creation of perforations in the roof that reach the thermal insulation layer. The hole created must exactly match the diameter of the aerator.
If wet areas of the insulation are detected, it should be replaced with dry ones.
The device in its lower part is coated with mastic, after which it is fixed to the base of the roof.
An additional pipe skirt is secured to the roof using self-tapping screws.
Additional waterproofing must be provided at the bottom of the pipe.
Seal all cracks special composition to prevent roof leaks.

Roof aerator is a device whose purpose is to remove excess moisture from the under-roof space.

Aerators are installed on roofs with different slope angles and different types roofing covering.

Their installation on flat (soft) roofs helps prevent damage to parts of the roofing covering and destruction of the roofing carpet, which can occur as a result of exposure to water coming from interior spaces moisture, penetration from outside (through microcracks in roll coverings) rainwater.

Why aerators are needed in new buildings and not necessary in old ones

Many people believe that installing aerators is overkill and more of a fashion statement than a necessity.

Indeed, these devices did not exist before. The fact is that 20-30 years ago the attic remained cold, there were no living spaces in it - therefore, there was no need for insulation either.

As a result, there was a lot of space left under the roof where air could freely circulate and escape through the uninsulated roof, since there were always gaps in the ridge, gables, and eaves.

Thus, the rafter system was protected from moisture.

As for new buildings, their construction is carried out according to other principles, namely:

to prevent heat loss and save money on heating the interior, the roof is insulated as efficiently as possible;
in most cases, the attic space is converted into living space;
the rapid pace of construction led to the fact that installation truss structures is produced without first thoroughly drying the wood, as a result of which the parts continue to “ripen” in finished form;
In order to insulate the roof, a roofing pie is installed, the structure of which involves the application of layers various materials on top of each other, necessary to maintain heat, protect against water and steam. As a result, the vapor barrier closes all possible air outlets, moisture remains in the under-roof space and begins to have a destructive effect on the rafter system. Add to this the possibility of rainwater penetrating from outside - and the picture is ready: mold, mildew, rotten rafters that need urgent replacement if the owner does not want to be left without a roof over his head.

Sources of high humidity

The insulation layer accumulates moisture coming from the external environment. The reason for its penetration is the presence of defects or damage in the roofing.
Moisture also comes from the interior due to a violation of the integrity of the vapor barrier layer.
The accumulation of moisture and wetting of the insulation also occurs due to climatic conditions: high humidity, large quantity precipitation.

In the classic version, soft roofing is multilayer cake . One of the most frequently encountered problems during the operation of these roofs is the appearance of swellings on the roofing carpet, which subsequently lead to the formation of leaks.

Blistering occurs under the influence of moist air vapors that rise from the upper residential floors through the ceilings into the space under the roof, after which they penetrate through defects in the vapor barrier layer and settle there in the form of droplets (i.e. condense) in insulation material and cement-sand screed.

When exposed to moisture, insulation loses its thermal insulation qualities, which leads to a loss of 30-40% of heat, increased heating costs and the formation of mold.

Moisture can penetrate into the under-roof space during roofing work. Once in a closed space, between the layers of the roofing pie, under the influence of heating it turns into a vapor state and from the inside begins to exert pressure on the structure, which can lead to its separation from the base and the formation of swellings.

When a large amount of water accumulates in a layer of heat-insulating material, drying it becomes possible only by using special methods. The same applies to parts of the roof exposed to increased moisture.

To replace damaged insulation, homeowners have to completely dismantle and repair the roof. This process is quite labor-intensive, and it also costs a significant amount.

Why are aerators needed?

One way to get rid of excess moisture is dehumidification. It allows you to avoid replacing the waterproofing carpet and insulation.

Evaporation prevents possible leaks, which in most cases appear as a result of construction and repair work.

Drying the insulation becomes possible when using ventilation aerators. The basis of their operating principle is the difference between internal and external pressure air, as a result of which a draft is created in the aerator pipe, resulting from a decrease in pressure under the influence of wind flow from the outside.

Despite the fact that these devices are very simple, they prevent roof coverings from swelling. Aerators remove moisture in advance and do not allow it to accumulate and subsequently condense in the under-roof space and in the layers of the roofing pie, since the accumulation of moisture will lead to a disruption of the connection between the supporting structure and the finishing coating.

Against the background of the above, it becomes obvious that it is necessary to install a roof aerator already at the stage of building a house, without waiting for the formation of mold, mildew and damage to the entire structure.

If the installation of the aerator was not carried out at the roof installation stage, this can be done later.

Roof aerators are also extremely necessary in the case of flat roofs, which are widely used in civil and industrial construction.

Its layered structure includes load-bearing slab based on reinforced concrete, covered with insulation, vapor barrier and screed - cement-sand mortar.

In many cases, the waterproofing layer is rolled materials.

The service life of this type of roof depends on a number of circumstances, including quality implementation works on hydro-, thermal insulation and installation of roofing.

Practice shows that the main disadvantage that comes to the fore during the operation of a soft roof is the formation and accumulation of large amounts of moisture in the screed and insulating material. Using a roof aerator can significantly reduce its amount.

The accumulation of moisture leads to a number of negative consequences. The most common of them:

Bulging of the surface of a flat roof.

This drawback is the most common. It occurs for the following reasons:

Heating the roof in the hot season leads to changes quality characteristics bitumen-polymer materials: under the influence high temperature they become more plastic. In this case, the adhesion strength depends on the viscosity of the mastic. In any case, it is significantly reduced.
Simultaneously with this process, steam is formed in the under-roof space, between the waterproofing layer and the vapor barrier located underneath it. It is the result of heating the water accumulated here. The steam begins to exert pressure on the roofing from the inside.

The result of the described processes is delamination of both the bitumen-polymer material and the roofing covering. Elimination of defects in the form of blisters requires high-quality attachment of the waterproofing layer to roofing base. And to avoid all these problems, you can simply use a roof aerator.

Increased thermal conductivity.

The moisture accumulated in the waterproofing layer and underneath it significantly reduces the thermal insulation qualities of the roof.

Practice shows that an increase in humidity level by just 1 or 2% increases the thermal conductivity of the material by 35-40%, which leads to the need to increase costs in heating season. You can avoid this in a simple way: install an aerator.

Destruction of screed and layer waterproofing material.

The screed is performed using cement-sand mortar, the structure of which is a capillary-porous material. The pores communicate with each other, and the space between them is filled with air. Penetrating inside, moisture fills free space. At low air temperatures, the water in the pores undergoes crystallization, expands, becoming much larger in volume, as a result of which it begins to exert pressure from the inside, which leads to the formation of microcracks and further destruction of the screed. Similar processes can occur in a waterproofing carpet.

What is the effect of aerators?

Aerators help quickly remove water vapor rising from the interior, even before it causes damage to the roof structure.
The use of these devices reduces the pressure that occurs in the roofing cake and leads to the formation of bubbles in the final coating.
Roof aerators prevent the formation of condensation in the lower part of the layer of waterproofing material, which can penetrate into the thermal insulation layer and cause Negative influence on its quality.
Aerators themselves do not remove moisture, but are a channel that provides effective air exchange. Circulation of air masses leads to drying internal spaces roofs frame type and maintains optimal humidity levels.
Aerators retain their functionality in any conditions. Even during rain, the air humidity in the external environment is less than the humidity of the air mass trapped in the under-roof space. The aerator helps internal moisture come out and prevents moisture from penetrating from the environment.

Types of aerators

The roof aerator is essentially a pipe, the diameter of which ranges from 63-111 mm. An umbrella is attached to the top of the pipe, protecting the device from the penetration of precipitation.

Aerators are made mainly on the basis of low-density polyethylene.

Depending on the specific purpose, they can be of several types.

Spot– promote ventilation of individual sections of the roof.
Continuous– provide general ventilation. Their installation is carried out along the entire length of the roof.

The point type of device is intended for roof slopes(pitched aerators) and ridge (ridge aerators).

Pitched models mounted at points where it is necessary to activate air movement:

long slopes;
slopes of complex configuration;
ridges;
valleys;
places where the ventilated gap ends: an attic window or a skylight installed on the roof may block the path air flow. In these parts, aerators should be installed on both sides of the “obstacle”.

To ensure good ventilation, pitched aerators should be installed near the ridge (at a distance of 15 cm). In the case where the insulation of the roof structure was not carried out “under the ridge”, a section is formed in the upper part high blood pressure– a chamber in which vapors accumulate. The aerator will promote their rapid evaporation.

Ridge aerators are used for attics where insulation is carried out “under the ridge”. The devices help remove steam from the entire ridge part. This type aerators work thanks to the principle of convection: due to the tendency warm air upward it accumulates under the ridge, from where it is discharged outside. At the same time, through ventilation ducts cold currents take the place of warm ones.

Ridge aerators perform another important function: they remove harmful fumes of bitumen used in soft coverings from the roof structure.

These devices are located under the roofing and are invisible from the outside.

Continuous aerators are a complement to the ventilation system on covered roofs natural tiles . Their installation is carried out along the entire length of ridges, cornices, and ridges.

At the same time, a special ventilation tape for the skate. It is used to waterproof both horizontal and diagonal ridges.

Thanks to its elasticity, the tape follows all roofing curves. The adhesive base prevents the penetration of moisture and precipitation into the ridge element.

The tape provides not only waterproofing, but also ventilation, since a strip of a special “breathing” membrane runs along its center, thanks to which vapors can freely circulate in the roof structure and escape outside.

For eaves overhangs An aerator with a ventilation strip is designed.

This device promotes the free movement of air and at the same time acts as a seal between the ridge and the rows of tiles, sheathing beams and tiles.

Thanks to the presence of ridges, the aerator prevents dry leaves, debris, and birds from entering the under-roof space.

Some important points of roof ventilation

The need for ventilation depends on several factors:

roof shapes and sizes;
degree of air humidity in the room;
condition of the vapor barrier of the roof structure.

For a flat roof with a simple configuration and standard parameters, it is sufficient to install one aerator per 100 sq.m.

The minimum distance between aerators should be 12 meters.

In the presence of pronounced valley and ridge elements Aerators are installed:

in the valley - on the border of the watershed;
in the ridge run - along the ridge.

CONCLUSIONS:

An aerator is a device for removing excess moisture from the under-roof space.
The features of new buildings make the installation of aerators a necessity.
Moisture penetrates into the under-roof space both from the external environment and from the internal premises.
Excess moisture renders the insulation layer unusable and can cause rotting of the rafter system.
The main function of aerators is to ensure good ventilation of the roof pie and under-roof space.
These devices also help to avoid the formation of blisters in the roofing carpet and the destruction of the leveling screed.
Aerators are either point or continuous.
Point ones, in turn, are divided into pitched and ridge.
For a flat roof of a simple shape, it is enough to install one aerator per 100 sq. meters.
The distance between two aerators must be at least 12 meters.

Find out how to properly install an aerator on the roof from the video.

All roofs with a rigid internal frame have one common quality - condensation periodically accumulates in the internal passages and threatens load-bearing structures premature rotting and destruction. In this article we will talk about this useful invention, as a roof aerator, which provides ventilation and maintenance of rafter structures dry.

Application with soft roof

Please note that installation of the aerator is possible even on flat roofs. In the case of a soft roof, a roof aerator prevents swelling of the material. The principle of this simple mechanism consists of removing moisture until it crystallizes under the roofing material. Thus, peeling does not occur soft covering from the frame structure.

Ideally, the installation of aerators on a soft roof should be carried out simultaneously with the construction of the house. This will save you from mold and rotting roof beams. However, even if these devices were neglected at the beginning of construction, they can always be installed later - this is not at all difficult to do.

Soft roofing is currently a fairly popular and actively used roofing material. It is laid on a reinforced concrete base, on which layers of insulation, waterproofing and cement-sand screed are applied. As a rule, the waterproofing layer is represented by roll materials.

Why do you need to install a roof aerator?

Depending on the quality of waterproofing and insulation work, as well as laying a soft roof, its service life may vary. Among the most common defects of such roofs is the accumulation of condensation in the insulating layer and screed. This problem can be eliminated with the help of a roof aerator. It allows you to reduce the moisture content in the roofing pie and prevent its further accumulation. Therefore, many reasonably believe that thanks to these devices it is possible to significantly extend the service life of a soft roof.

The formation and accumulation of condensation can ultimately lead to the following consequences:

Swelling of a flat roof.
Increase in thermal conductivity.
Defects in the screed or roofing pie.

The most common problem is roof swelling, the causes of which can be:

Temperature increase in summer period leads to heating of bituminous materials and changes in their structure, namely an increase in plasticity. In this case, the degree of viscosity of the mastic at which the roofing material was laid will matter.
Vapor accumulation in the space under the roof. Since the roofing pie consists of a lower vapor barrier and an upper waterproofing layer, when the temperature rises, the liquid accumulated between them is converted into steam, creating excess pressure.
Delamination of the roofing cake and bitumen-polymer composition. To get rid of swelling of the coating, the waterproofing must be carefully glued to the base. You can also use a roof aerator.

An increase in thermal conductivity entails significant heat loss and additional energy costs. According to studies, an increase in roof humidity even by 1-2% causes an increase in thermal conductivity by 30-40%. In addition, warm and humid environments are conducive to mold growth.

As for the destruction of the screed, the reason lies in the porosity of the material. In the normal state, the pores in cement mortar filled with air. If the roof has excessive moisture, these pores begin to fill with condensate, which expands as the temperature drops and leads to the formation of cracks and defects in the screed. In this case, the waterproofing layer may also be affected.

When choosing plastic roof aerators in each case, it is necessary to determine what caused the increase in humidity.

Reasons for increased humidity in the under-roof space

Moisture can get inside the insulation from the external environment due to defects and problems in the roofing pie. In addition, it can accumulate due to the destruction or damage of the vapor barrier layer. One of external factors the insulation may become wet due to difficult weather conditions and high humidity air.

In cases where the insulation layer accumulates too much water and, therefore, does not have time to fully dry out, it will be quite difficult to cope with the problem without additional devices. A similar situation is observed in the case of roofs that are constantly exposed to wetness. In this case, it is almost impossible to achieve positive results.

Ultimately, the insulation will have to be replaced, for which the roof will need to be almost completely disassembled. This process will require too much material and labor resources, which not every owner can do.

To save money, you can get rid of excess moisture in the roofing pie by evaporation. In this case, all the complex and expensive work of dismantling the roof and replacing waterproofing and insulation simply will not be necessary. In addition, thanks to drying, there will be no fear of leaks, which usually occur after roof repairs.

Alternatively, you can use an aerator for ventilation. The operation of such devices is carried out due to the difference between the internal and external pressure of the air masses. Thanks to this principle, a draft arises in the aerator tube, which is created due to a decrease in pressure under the influence of wind flows from the outside.

To understand why a roof aerator is needed, here are the main functions of this device:

Removing steam-saturated air coming from the interior to the outside. This process occurs constantly, therefore, moisture does not have time to accumulate on the frame structure.
Demotion internal pressure in the thickness of the roofing pie, due to which, as a rule, swelling of the finishing roofing material occurs.
Preventing liquid crystallization and its accumulation in the lower part of the waterproofing layer. Otherwise, condensation penetrates into the thickness of the insulation and leads to the material losing its qualities.

By design, an aerator for a roof made of metal tiles or any other material is a pipe with a cross-section from 63 to 111 mm. An umbrella is installed on top of the pipe to prevent precipitation from getting into it. Typically, a roof aerator is made from polyethylene pipes HDPE.

Rules for installing roof aerators

The technology for installing roof aerators consists of several steps:

A window is cut through the thickness of the screed to install the ventilation pipe. Its depth should reach the inner layer of insulation.
The condition of the insulation should be checked - wet material is removed and replaced with dry material so that its thermal conductivity meets the requirements of the standards.
Now the aerator pipe is fastened. To do this on her bottom part first apply a layer of mastic, and then screw it to cement screed using six self-tapping screws. Screw the screws into the aerator skirt at the same distance from each other.
To prevent water from seeping under the device, an additional layer of waterproofing is laid on the base of the ventilation pipe.

To understand whether an aerator is required for a metal roof in each specific case, it is worth considering a number of factors. In particular, the type of structure and size of the roof, the level of humidity in the premises, as well as the reliability and condition of the vapor barrier layer of the roofing cake are important.

For houses with flat roofs that do not have complex lines and are made in compliance with all construction standards, the norms for the number of aerators on the roof require the installation of one device for every 100 m2.

At the same time, the distance between individual aerators should not exceed 12 meters. On roofs where the valley and ridge are clearly marked, the installation of ventilation pipes should be carried out along the passage of the ridge and in the valley itself at the boundary of the watershed.

Please note that if the building is initially planned to be used in permanent high humidity, for example, for saunas, baths or swimming pools, then special design offices should be involved in calculating the number and location of aerators.

Of course, you can install roof aerators yourself if you have at least minimal construction skills. However, you can also use the services professional builders who will do everything quickly and efficiently.

How roof ventilation works

As has already become clear, the design of the aerator does not provide any mechanisms that would remove excess moisture from the roofing pie. These devices are something like ventilation ducts that provide air exchange. Unobstructed hit fresh air into the space under the roof helps remove excess moisture and maintain the humidity level within acceptable limits. Thus, main task aerators ensure the flow of air under the roof without interference.

The functionality of the device is maintained regardless of weather conditions. The fact is that the humidity of freely circulating air will in any case be lower than that of air masses that are concentrated in confined space under the roof. Ventilation pipes can ensure that excess moisture from the outside does not enter the under-roof space, and excess humid air can freely leave the roof.

It is obvious that provision high-quality ventilation roofs are quite feasible. All you need is to install a roof aerator. This way you can be sure that moist air will not stagnate under the roof, but will be able to circulate freely.

It is noteworthy that there is no need for a roof aerator special care– you just need to check if the moves are clogged. Overall it is very simple and reliable device, which successfully solves the problems of excessive moisture and allows you to extend the life of any roof.

Roof aerators are necessary to remove moisture and water vapor that accumulate in the under-roof space. Until recently, it was necessary to seasonal renovation soft roofs. Mechanical damage to the roofing carpet occurs due to various reasons. Installation of devices on the roof such as poles and antennas, work on clearing the roof of ice and snow are some of them. Finding a crack in a soft roof is not an easy task. The damaged area must be opened and cut out. They also organize drying of the base gas burners. Then, a patch is placed on the area prepared in this way. Installing aerators minimizes the listed work on restoring the roofing carpet.

Purpose of the aerator

Aerators are installed on ventilated soft roofs. These devices are also known as deflectors or wind vanes. They are used on flat and pitched roofs.

The main purpose of the devices is to remove moisture from the inter-roof space during roof operation. When repairing breathable flat roofs, aerators are used to sanitize (dry) old layers.

They are one of the most effective ventilation systems, with the help of which moisture and condensation are removed from the under-roof space. The material for the manufacture of these devices must be resistant to corrosion and resistant to ultraviolet radiation. It can be acid-resistant stainless steel or weather-resistant and impact-resistant polypropylene.

Why is drying the roof covering so necessary?

Soft roofing is widely used in residential construction during the construction multi-storey buildings and cottages. For the construction of administrative, public, industrial buildings Almost always one or another type of soft roof is used. This coating has many advantages, but it is not without its disadvantages.

One of these disadvantages is the accumulation of condensation and moisture in the insulation and screed. As a result, bubbles form on the roof surface and deteriorate thermal insulation characteristics. This leads to increased heat loss throughout the building and the proliferation of mold and mildew.

Next, the waterproofing carpet and screed are destroyed. When moisture gets into the under-roof space, the pores of the sand-cement screed fill with water. At subzero temperatures, it freezes and increases in volume, which leads to the gradual destruction of the roofing material and the appearance of breaks in the insulation.

To avoid these negative consequences and eliminate one of the disadvantages of a soft roof, the aeration method is used - drying the layers of roofing during the operation of the building.

Where does moisture come from?

Moistening of soft roof layers occurs in two directions. First of all, this is precipitation: rain, snow, fog. Water seeps through even the smallest cracks in the coating and condenses in the under-roof space. The result is water leakage into the premises and destruction of the roofing carpet.

Secondly, excess moisture appears in the form of vapor penetrating through the floor slabs from inside the premises. It would seem that processes invisible to the eye lead to the rather rapid occurrence of defects in the roofing layers and their destruction.

The principle of operation and functions of the aerator

The principle of operation of the aerator is based on the existing constant difference in temperature and pressure in the under-roof zone and at the outlet, closer to the external environment. Moist air from areas with high pressure and the temperature rises to a zone with lower values.

This creates an air draft in the aerator pipe, which removes excess moisture. The operating principle of the deflector determines its main functions:

elimination of condensation that collects in the lower layer of waterproofing, which helps preserve the material;
outlet of steam rising from inside the building into external environment, which prevents condensation from accumulating under the roof;
prevents the thermal insulation layer from getting wet, which helps reduce heat loss;
preventing the negative effects of moisture on wooden structures rafters and, thanks to this, increasing their service life;
protection against the formation of bubbles and deformations in the roofing carpet.

Thus, roof aerators allow the roofing to be used for a long time without reconstruction.

Types of devices

The design of a roof aerator is simple: a pipe with a base for fastening and a cap (or umbrella) on top, which can have different shapes. The cap is needed to protect against the penetration of atmospheric moisture into the pipe, birds and insects. By design features The following types of deflectors are distinguished:

Point devices. They are located throughout the roof area in a certain order and in areas where there is the greatest need for removal of moisture and vapor.
Continuous aerators located along the entire length of the roof. In turn, they are divided into ridge, pitched and tape (or tape). The tapes are mounted directly in the waterproofing layer.
Turbine aerators are the most powerful. Extraction of moist air is carried out using an electric drive. Turbine devices are capable of extracting maximum amount moisture not only from the roof layers, but also from the premises of the building. These models cannot be installed on roofs with a large slope.

Installation features

Point aerators on the roof are installed based on the calculated quantity. On flat roof they are placed evenly over the entire area, always in places of greatest elevation and at the junctions thermal insulation boards. Usually at 100m? install one aerator.

On pitched roofs deflectors are mounted as close to the ridge as possible, at a distance not exceeding 0.6 m from it. The number of devices is calculated depending on the roof area and technical characteristics specific aerator.

Point models are installed into the roofing carpet using a certain technology. For each unit, prepare a hole equal in diameter to the aerator pipe and completely passing into the insulation layer. A deflector pipe is installed in the hole, which is attached to the roof using self-tapping screws. The joint is hermetically sealed with the obligatory implementation of an additional layer of waterproofing.

Continuous roof aerators are installed in cases where additional increased air flow is necessary. This is required for complex roof structures and long slopes. When installing continuous structures, it is also necessary to carefully seal the joints of the roof and ventilation devices. The principle of installation, fastening and sealing for turbine aerators is the same as for point deflectors.

Prices for aerators

There are many modifications of aerators on the market. Their prices vary widely. The price for the simplest model is 260 rubles. About 3 thousand rubles. there is a turbine aerator. The choice depends on many parameters: the area and design of the roof, the purpose of the building, the required exhaust power.

In any case, the cost of the exhaust device will pay for itself many times over, since its installation shortens the period of roof repairs.

The aerator is installed both when installing a new roofing carpet and when repairing an existing one. Moreover, new layers can be placed on top of the old ones by cleaning the surfaces from contamination. The aerator will ensure drying of already used layers.

As you can see, this simple device is almost indispensable. By installing aerators on the roof, you will extend the life of the coating and minimize the frequency of repair work.